Chapter 13Chapter 13 A TURBULENT DECADEA TURBULENT DECADE
Section 1:Section 1: Postwar Troubles Postwar Troubles
Section 2:Section 2: The Republicans in Power The Republicans in Power
Section 3:Section 3: A Nation Divided A Nation Divided
Objectives:Objectives:What were some of the economic outcomes of What were some of the economic outcomes of
demobilization?demobilization?What were the main causes of the strikes of 1919, What were the main causes of the strikes of 1919,
and how did most Americans react to the strikes?and how did most Americans react to the strikes?What caused the public hysteria of the Red Scare?What caused the public hysteria of the Red Scare?Why did the Sacco and Vanzetti trial arouse Why did the Sacco and Vanzetti trial arouse
public interest?public interest?
Section 1: Postwar TroublesSection 1: Postwar Troubles
What is demobilizationWhat is demobilization act of changing from a war basis to a peace basisact of changing from a war basis to a peace basis
mon 396 1 2 4 5mon 396 1 2 4 5 Tues 409 1 & 4Tues 409 1 & 4 Wed 410… 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. understanding main ideasWed 410… 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. understanding main ideas
5 points a question…………heeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeey5 points a question…………heeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeey Questions?burrQuestions?burr
Economic outcomes of demobilizationEconomic outcomes of demobilizationunemploymentunemploymentloss of jobs for womenloss of jobs for womenrise in prices, then a fallrise in prices, then a fallfall in agricultural pricesfall in agricultural prices
Section 1: Postwar TroublesSection 1: Postwar Troubles
Strikes of 1919Strikes of 1919Main causes of the strikes Main causes of the strikes
inflationinflationlow wageslow wageslong work hourslong work hours
Reaction to strikesReaction to strikesviolenceviolenceworkers lost jobsworkers lost jobsaccusations of radicalism and communismaccusations of radicalism and communism
Section 1: Postwar TroublesSection 1: Postwar Troubles
Causes of the Red ScareCauses of the Red Scarefear of a Bolshevik revolution in the U.S.fear of a Bolshevik revolution in the U.S.strikes of 1919strikes of 1919bomb scares of 1919bomb scares of 1919the Palmer raidsthe Palmer raidsAka Communism in the USA … put my hands up Aka Communism in the USA … put my hands up
playing my song…. The butterflies fly away playing my song…. The butterflies fly away
Section 1: Postwar TroublesSection 1: Postwar Troubles
Reasons for public interest in the Sacco Reasons for public interest in the Sacco and Vanzetti trialand Vanzetti trialAmericans were deeply divided over the trial.Americans were deeply divided over the trial.Some believed that Sacco and Vanzetti deserved Some believed that Sacco and Vanzetti deserved
punishment.punishment.Others thought that they were convicted only Others thought that they were convicted only
because they were immigrants and radicals.because they were immigrants and radicals.
Section 1: Postwar TroublesSection 1: Postwar Troubles
SECTION 1
Postwar TroublesPostwar Troubles
Economic Outcomes of Demobilization
caused unemployment
caused agricultural prices to fall
caused women tolose their jobs
caused prices torise then fall
Objectives:Objectives: How did Republican policies encourage economic growth How did Republican policies encourage economic growth
in the 1920s?in the 1920s? How did the Harding administration’s pro-business How did the Harding administration’s pro-business
policies affect the U.S. economy?policies affect the U.S. economy? Why did the movement to pass the Equal Rights Why did the movement to pass the Equal Rights
Amendment fail?Amendment fail? How did the Republican Party overcome the political How did the Republican Party overcome the political
scandals of the Harding administration?scandals of the Harding administration? What issues affect the outcome of the 1928 election?What issues affect the outcome of the 1928 election?
Section 2: The Republicans in PowerSection 2: The Republicans in Power
Republican policies to encourage growthRepublican policies to encourage growthcuts in government spending to reduce debtcuts in government spending to reduce debtthe Fordney-McCumber Tariff, also to reduce debtthe Fordney-McCumber Tariff, also to reduce debttax cut for the wealthy to encourage growthtax cut for the wealthy to encourage growthattempts by government and courts to roll back attempts by government and courts to roll back
previous gains by laborprevious gains by labor
Section 2: The Republicans in PowerSection 2: The Republicans in Power
Positive effectsPositive effectsboom in industryboom in industryeconomic growtheconomic growth
Negative effectsNegative effectsmergersmergerscontinuing struggles for the workers who were not continuing struggles for the workers who were not
part of the prosperitypart of the prosperitycontinuing struggles for farmerscontinuing struggles for farmerscontinuing struggles for organized laborcontinuing struggles for organized labor
Section 2: The Republicans in PowerSection 2: The Republicans in Power
Failure of the movement to pass the Failure of the movement to pass the Equal Rights AmendmentEqual Rights AmendmentSome women opposed the ERA, believing that it Some women opposed the ERA, believing that it would cause legislation regulating their hours and would cause legislation regulating their hours and working conditions to be declared illegal. The working conditions to be declared illegal. The movement did not gather political support and movement did not gather political support and ultimately failed. ultimately failed.
Section 2: The Republicans in PowerSection 2: The Republicans in Power
Overcoming the scandals of the Harding Overcoming the scandals of the Harding administrationadministrationCoolidge fired many people who had been Coolidge fired many people who had been
involved in the scandals.involved in the scandals.Coolidge’s stern personality provided a contrast to Coolidge’s stern personality provided a contrast to
Harding.Harding.Coolidge continued Harding’s popular pro-Coolidge continued Harding’s popular pro-
business policies.business policies.
Section 2: The Republicans in PowerSection 2: The Republicans in Power
Issues affecting the 1928 electionIssues affecting the 1928 electionthe nation’s prosperitythe nation’s prosperitySmith’s CatholicismSmith’s CatholicismSmith’s opposition to prohibitionSmith’s opposition to prohibitionDemocratic attempts to be progressive and liberalDemocratic attempts to be progressive and liberal
Section 2: The Republicans in PowerSection 2: The Republicans in Power
SECTION 2
The Republicans in PowerThe Republicans in Power
To reduce debt:
1. cuts in government spending
2. the Fordney-McCumber Tariff
To promote economic growth:
1. tax cut for the wealthy
Positive effects:
1. boom in industry2. economic growth
Negative effects:
1. mergers2. continuing struggles for workers
who did not share in prosperity3. continuing struggles for farmers4. continuing struggles for organized
labor as the government and courts tried to roll back labor gains
REPUBLICAN POLICIES TO ENCOURAGE ECONOMIC
GROWTH
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF REPUBLICAN
POLICIES
Objectives:Objectives: Why did many Americans support the Ku Klux Klan, and Why did many Americans support the Ku Klux Klan, and
why did that support decline?why did that support decline? How did African Americans combat discrimination and How did African Americans combat discrimination and
violence?violence? Why did many Americans demand restrictions on Why did many Americans demand restrictions on
immigration?immigration? Why did Mexican immigration increase during the 1920s?Why did Mexican immigration increase during the 1920s? What actions did American Indians take to protect their What actions did American Indians take to protect their
land?land?
Section 3: A Nation DividedSection 3: A Nation Divided
Rise of the Ku Klux KlanRise of the Ku Klux Klanracism toward African Americansracism toward African Americanshostility towards those with different religions, hostility towards those with different religions,
ethnic backgrounds, or political viewsethnic backgrounds, or political viewsfear and suspicion during the Red Scarefear and suspicion during the Red Scare
Section 3: A Nation DividedSection 3: A Nation Divided
Fall of the KlanFall of the Klandecrease in Red Scare tensiondecrease in Red Scare tensionpublicity about the Klan’s terrorismpublicity about the Klan’s terrorismcorruption and scandal within the Klancorruption and scandal within the Klan
Section 3: A Nation DividedSection 3: A Nation Divided
African American response to African American response to discrimination and violencediscrimination and violenceThe NAACP organized an antilynching campaign.The NAACP organized an antilynching campaign.A. Philip Randolph established the Brotherhood of A. Philip Randolph established the Brotherhood of
Sleeping Car Porters.Sleeping Car Porters.Marcus Garvey supported black nationalism and Marcus Garvey supported black nationalism and
founded the UNIA.founded the UNIA.
Section 3: A Nation DividedSection 3: A Nation Divided
American demands for immigration American demands for immigration restrictionsrestrictionsincreases in immigrationincreases in immigrationbelief that immigrants were political radicals who belief that immigrants were political radicals who
took jobs from native-born Americanstook jobs from native-born Americans
Section 3: A Nation DividedSection 3: A Nation Divided
Increases in Mexican immigrationIncreases in Mexican immigrationMexicans not affected by limits on immigrationMexicans not affected by limits on immigrationemployers in the Southwest eager for low-wage employers in the Southwest eager for low-wage
workersworkers
Section 3: A Nation DividedSection 3: A Nation Divided
Actions by American IndiansActions by American Indiansorganized to stop Harding administration from organized to stop Harding administration from
buying back all tribal landsbuying back all tribal landsorganized to fight the Barsum Billorganized to fight the Barsum Billbuilt inter-tribal support under leadership of the built inter-tribal support under leadership of the
Pueblo tribesPueblo tribes
Section 3: A Nation DividedSection 3: A Nation Divided
SECTION 3
A Nation DividedA Nation Divided
Rise of the Ku Klux Klan
• racism toward African Americans in the South
• hostility toward African Americans, Catholics, immigrants, Jews, and suspected radicals in the North
• rising tensions and suspicions during the Red Scare
Fall of the Ku Klux Klan
• decrease in Red Scare tensions
• publicity of the Klan’s terrorism
• corruption and scandals at the Klan’s national level