Ch. 34
CharacteristicsNotochordDorsal, hollow nerve cordMuscular post-anal tailGill slits
Gills
Simple ChordatesUrochordata – tunicatesCephalochordata – lancelets
Challenges FacedChasing foodGrabbing food when closeGetting oxygen from environmentGetting oxygen through bodyPreventing dehydrationMaintaining body temperatureKeeping embryos from drying out
FishAgnathans
FishEvolution of jaws
Fish - ChondrichthyesLateral line
Fish - OsteichthyesOperculumSwim bladder
Class Amphibia
Class AmphibiaGills as
juvenileLousy lungsMoist skin
Class AmphibiaImproved circulation
Class Reptilia
Class ReptiliaParaphyletic
Class ReptiliaDry skinAmniotic eggsInternal fertilization
Class ReptiliaBranching in lungs
Class ReptiliaPartial septum in heart
Class Aves
Class AvesLightweight, hollow bonesLarge breastbone
Class AvesFeathers
Class Aves
Endothermy
Class AvesFour-chambered heart
Class AvesBest lungs – one-way respiration
Class Aves
Class Mammalia
Class MammaliaMammary glandsHairSpecialized teeth
Class MammaliaMonotremes
Class MammaliaMarsupials
Class MammaliaEutherians