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©2003 Going Global, Inc.

United Kingdom

2003 CAREER GUIDES

Going Global

Going Global, Inc. Presents Career Information and Resources for the United Kingdom

Copyright 2003 Going Global, Inc. - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of Going Global, Inc. or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee. SPECIAL NOTE: Each of the Going Global Country Career Guides has been prepared by a team of professionals, utilizing the expertise of different individuals in each country. As such, each Guide contains various levels of detail and emphasis. This publication is designed to provide as accurate and timely information in regard to the subject matter covered as was available to Going Global, Inc. at the time of publication. It is sold with the understanding that this publication does not serve to render professional career or employment advice. No responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies nor does Going Global assume any liability arising out of the information described herein. Going Global Career Guides are not intended to serve as the sole source of information in looking for international employment. We strongly encourage all readers to conduct additional research that is tailored to their background and objectives. Special acknowledgement is given to Dean Foster, for sharing his cultural expertise. (http://www.learnaboutcultures.com) ISBN 1894890205

© 2003 Going Global, Inc.

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http://www.learnaboutcultures.com


TABLE OF CONTENTS JOB-SEARCH RESOURCES ........................................................................................................ 4

ONLINE JOB SITES.................................................................................................................. 4 GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED EMPLOYMENT OFFICES .................................................. 7 JOB FAIRS AND CAREER EVENTS ...................................................................................... 8 STAFFING AGENCIES AND TEMPORARY HELP FIRMS ............................................... 10 EXECUTIVE RECRUITERS AND SEARCH FIRMS ........................................................... 12 NEWSPAPERS THAT PUBLISH JOB ADVERTISEMENTS .............................................. 14 OTHER RESOURCES ............................................................................................................. 16

EMPLOYMENT TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES................................................................. 17 GENERAL TRENDS ............................................................................................................... 17 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY .......................................................................................... 18

Certification and Education Requirements ........................................................................... 18 Organizations and Trade Associations.................................................................................. 18 Labor Unions ........................................................................................................................ 20 Publications........................................................................................................................... 21 Other Resources .................................................................................................................... 21

ENGINEERING ....................................................................................................................... 21 Certification and Education Requirements ........................................................................... 22 Organizations and Trade Associations.................................................................................. 24 Labor Unions ........................................................................................................................ 24 Publications........................................................................................................................... 25 Other Resources .................................................................................................................... 25

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE ............................................................................................ 25 Certification and Education Requirements ........................................................................... 26 Organizations and Trade Associations.................................................................................. 26 Labor Unions ........................................................................................................................ 27 Publications........................................................................................................................... 27

GENERAL BUSINESS............................................................................................................ 28 Certification and Education Requirements ........................................................................... 29 Organizations and Trade Associations.................................................................................. 29 Labor Unions ........................................................................................................................ 30 Publications........................................................................................................................... 30 Other Resources .................................................................................................................... 31

HUMAN RESOURCES ........................................................................................................... 31 Certification and Education Requirements ........................................................................... 32 Organizations and Trade Associations.................................................................................. 32 Labor Unions ........................................................................................................................ 33 Publications........................................................................................................................... 34 Other Resources .................................................................................................................... 34

PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND RESOURCES...................................................... 37 BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS AND TRADE COUNCILS................................................. 37 CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE .............................................................................................. 38 TELEPHONE DIRECTORIES ................................................................................................ 48 MAJOR TRADE PUBLICATIONS......................................................................................... 49


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OTHER RESOURCES ............................................................................................................. 50 EMBASSY LISTINGS................................................................................................................. 54 FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................................. 61 WORK PERMITS AND VISAS .................................................................................................. 65 JOB APPLICATION GUIDELINES ........................................................................................... 69

RÉSUMÉ / CV GUIDELINES AND SAMPLE ...................................................................... 69 INTERVIEWING ADVICE ......................................................................................................... 73 CULTURAL ADVICE ................................................................................................................. 74


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JOB-SEARCH RESOURCES In the United Kingdom, the best way to begin a job search is by contacting various recruitment agencies and responding to advertisements placed in local and national newspapers. Some of the many recruitment agencies in the United Kingdom are small, niche companies that often specialize in specific occupational areas such as secretarial, marketing, or Information Technology (IT). Other larger companies have numerous offices throughout major cities as well as regional areas and generally cover many different sectors and occupations. Usually, recruitment agencies fill a role in one of three ways: on a temporary basis (half a day to five days a week for an indeterminable length of time), a temp-to-perm basis (a temporary contract is treated as a probationary period with the role becoming permanent after a specified length of time), or a permanent position. It is not unusual for temps to find full-time work through agencies, nor is it unusual for individuals working on a temporary basis to be taken on permanently. Job or career centers provide vacancy boards for all types of work. They change quite frequently, making regular visits worthwhile. The staff can arrange for interviews for suitable vacancies and offer support and advice. It is not uncommon for job seekers to approach a specific employer directly. Many organizations now have recruitment sections on their websites and encourage job seekers to send CVs on spec. Networking is also a good way to break into a new market. Many companies encourage their employees to introduce others into the firm. In fact, some employers offer a bonus to those who introduce an individual who subsequently gets a job. This is, clearly, the hardest way to break into the job market, but a method that should not be discounted. ONLINE JOB SITES For more job listings, visit http://www.goinglobal.com Also called job boards, these online websites post job announcements from employers and recruiters. Online job sites are free of charge and offer job listings in multiple fields, industries, and occupations. Many of these websites allow the job seeker to apply for jobs online. Most job sites also let job seekers instruct a search agent to e-mail them job postings based on specific criteria. Most recruitment agencies in the United Kingdom have their own websites, and are useful for checking out potential jobs, researching companies, and getting online advice on how to prepare letters for jobs and tips on interviews. Some websites may even offer online training. Executives on the Web http://www.executivesontheweb.com Executives on the Web focuses on jobs that offer a base salary of more than 50,000 United Kingdom Pounds (GBP) or 78,140 United States Dollars (USD). Users may search for jobs and send CVs in order for recruiters to contact them directly. This website also offers advice about choosing an MBA, as well as interesting articles about interim management, finance, and HR, among other topics.


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http://www.goinglobal.com

http://www.executivesontheweb.com


Fish4jobs http://www.fish4jobs.co.uk Fish4jobs lists more than 45,000 jobs from across the country, making it the largest service of its kind in the United Kingdom. It also offers daily job news and tips for job seekers. The search options include job title and keyword, twenty-eight industry fields, salary, and job type (contract, flexible, part-time permanent, temporary, shared, consultancy). Searching by location allows the job seeker to specify the number of miles to a certain town or the postal code location for the preferred job. A section called Career Channels provides additional industry-specific information for seven fields: secretarial, sales, marketing, IT, engineering, construction, and accounting. Within each section is information about various jobs within the field, a salary guide, a qualifications guide, information on trade publications and organizations, and details on how to get into the industry. This website also includes career advice, interview tips, tests, and job news. GoJobsite http://www.jobsite.co.uk Backed by Manpower, GoJobsite covers thirty-five different industry sectors, including IT, telecommunications, sales and marketing, accounting and finance, and engineering and electronics. This website allows searching by industry, by skills or job title, by location, or by job type (permanent or contract/temp). Job seekers can then contact a potential employer and deliver a CV online or offline, as well as post their CV online. In addition, every candidate is provided with his or her own My GoJobsite home page that delivers all GoJobsite’s services tailored specifically for his or her chosen industry sectors. An e-mailing service sends news of job offers tailored to a job seeker’s specifications. This website also offers career newsletters and other services for all aspects of an individual’s career development. Gradunet http://www.gradunet.co.uk Gradunet provides a website where recent and future graduates can search for jobs online and companies can advertise their positions. More than 11,000 jobs are currently advertised in a searchable database, and there is a section offering periodic virtual career fairs. This website provides a library of information on career fairs, company presentations, information on professions, and job-search advice. It also includes links to information on many different companies offering jobs, and, where applicable, links to those companies’ websites as well. Gradunet 9-17 St. Alban's Place London, England N1 ONX Tel: 44-207-354-4800 Fax: 44-207-354-3900 E-mail: [email protected] Monster.com http://www.monster.co.uk According to this website, “Monster.co.uk is part of Monster.com, the leading global online network for careers, connecting the most progressive companies with the most qualified career-


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http://www.fish4jobs.co.uk

http://www.jobsite.co.uk

http://www.gradunet.co.uk

http://www.monster.co.uk


minded individuals.” Job seekers can also use it for its interactive, personalized tools to make the process effective and convenient. Features include CV management, a personal job search agent, message boards, privacy options, expert advice on job seeking and career management, and free newsletters. The expert advice section allows users to choose between general career-related advice and industry-specific advice from an expert working in that field. Industries include supply chain, human resources, energy and utilities, automotive, public sector, FMCG (fast-moving consumer goods), technology, finance, legal, and healthcare. This website provides links to several hundred employer web pages, as well. Users can search for job opportunities by field, location, or keyword. Goldjobs/Platinumjobs/Silverjobs Platinumjobs (http://www.platinumjobs.com) focuses on the top end of the market—jobs with salaries of more than 250,000 GBP (390,700 USD). Goldjobs (http://www.goldjobs.com) advertises roles offering of more than 100,000 GBP (156,280 USD). Silverjobs (http://www.silverjobs.co.uk) concentrates on roles that offer a base salary between 60,000 GBP and 100,000 GBP (93,768 USD and 156,280 USD). Searching for jobs is quick and easy. All the roles are broken down into various sectors, and users can either apply on the website or via e-mail directly to the recruiter. To register, e-mail a CV (in strictest confidence). Goldjobs Nightingale House 1-7 Fulham High Street London, England SW6 3JH Tel: 44-20-7598-3050 Fax: 44-20-7598-3055 E-mail: [email protected] Net Jobs http://www.netjobs.co.uk Net Jobs is a website for both job seekers and recruiters. Users may fill out a standardized CV form that is distributed to recruiting services. This website offers free job searches, but the search capability is limited. It also offers news, a mailing list, psychometric tests, and a discussion forum. Net Jobs provides CV preparation and interview tips, although these are brief. This website provides a large list of links to CV services, recruiters, and other job-related companies. PeopleBank http://www.peoplebank.com PeopleBank offers job seekers the ability to place their CVs and personal information online in a database of more than 160,000 people. There is no cost to the job seeker, but companies wishing to fill positions must pay for access to the database. There are twenty-four different areas in which individuals can register, including accounting, business and finance, computer/IT, professional, and technical fields. The company adds information to the database in a standardized format that allows companies to perform searches of specific information.


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http://www.platinumjobs.com

http://www.goldjobs.com

http://www.silverjobs.co.uk

http://www.netjobs.co.uk

http://www.peoplebank.com


Prospects.ac.uk http://www.prospects.csu.man.ac.uk/ This website is designed as a career guide for graduates and post-graduates, with information for international students as well. The Prospects Series, published by the Higher Education Careers Services Unit (CSU), is updated on a daily basis with career information and the latest employment and postgraduate vacancies. Users can search career information by key word or by sector. Job seekers may also advertise through Prospects.ac.uk to increase their visibility to recruiters and employers. This website contains links to professional and student organizations, as well as a schedule of graduate and post-graduate job fairs. Job seekers can post their CVs online, search for jobs, or sign up for an e-mail service for job openings, classes, or research opportunities. Prospects also include online aptitude tests, personality tests, job descriptions, and employer tests. CSU Prospect House Booth Street East Manchester, England M13 9EP Tel: 44-161-277-5200 Fax: 44-161-277-5210 Reed http://www.reed.co.uk Reed offers assistance for job seekers in searching more than 75,000 jobs from all over the United Kingdom, and a job-matching e-mail service. This website helps the job seeker focus on his or her career by keeping him or her updated with the latest news and views from his or her chosen industry. The search engine is searchable by job field (35 different industries), by location, by keyword, by job type (permanent, contract, temporary, part-time), and by salary range. This website also includes self-assessment tests and online tutorials. A temporary job section allows the job seeker to input dates of availability for work. Topjobs http://www.topjobs.com TopJobs aims to position itself as a provider of professional, technical, and management careers. There is a special Grads section with job advice, a listing of companies with graduate recruiting programs, and a section with links to student advice and UK universities. A Graduate Diary provides a schedule of upcoming job and career fairs. Other services include an e-mail notification service, WAP service, and a large listing of links to recruitment advisors and companies. This website also includes Job Mag, which includes feature articles, job advice, and reviews of career-related books. GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED EMPLOYMENT OFFICES The UK Government Employment Service is an agency within the Department for Education and Employment (http://www.employmentservice.gov.uk). The service hosts a website for job seekers and employers. The services that the government provides are described in detail. This


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http://www.prospects.csu.man.ac.uk/

http://www.reed.co.uk

http://www.topjobs.com

http://www.employmentservice.gov.uk


website includes a Jobcenter finder that allows search by keyword, name, town, or region. A job search also allows users to specify the industry, the specific type of job, and the region in which they wish to be employed. A list of jobs contains links providing a more detailed description, as well as information on how to apply. Career Centers deal with people up to 21 years of age, although some now offer advice to adults. Career Centers have vacancies for younger people that job centers do not normally advertise. Most careers centers will also put the job seeker on a register as looking for work, and will notify the job seeker if a suitable vacancy is found. In addition, they also match young people to training program vacancies, such as National Traineeships and Modern Apprenticeships. UK residents must go to a Career Center if they are between the ages of 16 and 18 and hoping to claim any type of government benefit. Career Centers are normally listed in the Yellow Pages or other local directories. EURES http://www.europa.eu.int/jobs/eures EURES is a system conceived by the EU to facilitate the movement of workers between its member countries. It consists of a network of offices from seventeen member states and it manages 500,000 job requests and fifty firms through a central database in Brussels. Through EURES, people can look for a job in their home country or elsewhere within the EU. E-mail (General Information on Employment and Social Affairs): [email protected] E-mail (EURES - European Employment Service): [email protected] JOB FAIRS AND CAREER EVENTS There are several job fairs in the United Kingdom. The main one is the Graduate Careers Fair, which is a traveling fair visiting most university campuses. Check out the nearest university to find out when the next one will be held, or log onto http://www.gradunet.co.uk for a list. There are industry specific fairs too, but these are ad hoc. Professional institutes should have details of sector-specific fairs; check out their websites for information on such events. Forum 3 http://www.forum3.co.uk Usually held over a Friday and Saturday in September, Forum 3 is the United Kingdom’s biggest recruitment and volunteering fair for the not-for-profit sector. Up to eighty organizations participate, including the British Red Cross, National Autistic Society, Working for a Charity, and the British Heart Foundation. Charities, housing associations, and international development organizations will advertise thousands of paid jobs, volunteering opportunities, training, and CV workshops. There will be fifty on such topics as working in the not-for-profit sector, human resource issues, fundraising, and volunteering. Admission is free.


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http://www.europa.eu.int/jobs/eures

http://www.gradunet.co.uk

http://www.forum3.co.uk


Venue: The Business Design Centre 52 Upper Street Islington, England N1 0QH Tel: 44-20-7359-3535 Fax: 44-20-7226-0590 http://www.businessdesigncentre.co.uk Visitor Information: E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 44-20-7636-7622 Totaljobs.com http://www.totaljobs.com The Totaljobslive recruitment fair, which is sponsored by Totaljobs.com, is usually held each year in the fall. Exhibitors include blue-chip organizations from a variety of sectors, particularly retail, as well as the London Underground, the Royal Air Force, and the City of London Police, among others. The event includes seminars on such topics as successful job search strategies, how to write a winning CV, and interview skills and techniques. Admission is free. Registration via the website is recommended, as candidates can be pre-selected for interviews. E-mail: [email protected] Venue: The Business Design Centre Suite http://www.businessdedsigncentre.co.uk 52 Upper Street Islington, England N1 0QH Tel: 44-20-7288-6000 / 44-20-7359-3535 VISIT http://www.visit.haynet.com/exhibitions.asp VISIT is a recruitment exhibition company that organizes job fairs in cities in the United Kingdom and Europe. VISIT job fairs help assess the jobs available in the market and allow job seekers to meet prospective employers face-to-face to exchange information and CVs. Job fairs are offered year round. VISIT requires that attendees have at least a year of experience in IT. There is no admission fee. This website gives directions to the location of each job fair, as well as a list of companies that will be exhibiting and a link to the companies’ website. A new feature called e-VISIT allows the job seeker to submit his or her CV online and receive e-mail notifications of job openings. Online registration for the job fairs is also possible. VISIT Team Tel: 44-020-8267-4126 Fax: 44-020-8267-4237 E-mail: [email protected]


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http://www.businessdesigncentre.co.uk

http://www.totaljobs.com

http://www.businessdedsigncentre.co.uk

http://www.visit.haynet.com/exhibitions.asp


STAFFING AGENCIES AND TEMPORARY HELP FIRMS The United Kingdom has a number of temp agencies that focus on finding people full-time, part-time, or temporary posts. They are often office-, administration-, and call-center-related, but they may also focus on HR, accounting, and other fields. The larger firms generally operate an open-door policy where job hunters can walk in without an appointment and register for a position. To maximize your chances of finding temporary work, register with a number of agencies. Smaller, niche firms generally do not operate with open-door policies. Contact those agencies by phone or e-mail first and make an appointment. The registration process takes around 45 minutes and involves the completion of various forms, a short introductory meeting with a consultant, and a series of typing and computer-based tests. Adecco http://www.adecco.co.uk Adecco is the world’s top employment-services company, with 6,000 offices in 59 countries, including more than 200 offices throughout the United Kingdom. Job seekers can either submit their CVs via the company’s website, or visit a local branch. This website also provides job seekers with advice on how to write CVs, interviews, and more. Blue Arrow http://www.bluearrow.co.uk Blue Arrow is one of the United Kingdom’s largest recruitment businesses, with a network of more than 200 branches specializing in jobs in the office, industrial, catering, and healthcare sectors. It offers both full- and part-time posts. A branch locator allows the job seeker to choose an office by town and by job specialty. Each specialty section includes a list of skills needed to find work in that area. The company accepts applications online. This website also offers tips for preparing CVs and articles on various aspects of career development. Brook Street http://www.brookstreet.co.uk Brook Street offers a range of temporary and permanent office work. The agency can be found in most towns, and the job seeker can search locally. The company’s website also includes information on CV writing and interview tips, as well as registration for temporary or permanent work. Kelly Services UK http://www.kellyservices.co.uk Kelly Services has about a hundred offices throughout the United Kingdom, many of which focus on specific areas. Specialist services include Kelly Services - Office, Kelly Industrial, Kelly Food and Drink, Kelly Engineering Resources, Kelly Educational Staffing, Kelly Insurance, Kelly Call Centre, Kelly Scientific Resources, Artworks, and Kelly Merchandising Resources.


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http://www.adecco.co.uk

http://www.bluearrow.co.uk

http://www.brookstreet.co.uk

http://www.kellyservices.co.uk


Manpower http://www.manpower.co.uk Manpower offers a variety of part-time and full-time jobs in sectors ranging from IT to engineering. It also helps the job seeker refresh his or her skills with online training courses. The Manpower website offers job advice, information about the company, information about job benefits and training, and a link to specialist. There is also a job search and an office locator. Reed http://www.reed.co.uk Reed holds 283 offices nationally, many focusing on specific sectors like hospitality, secretarial, and accounting. This website has a link to Reed Executive, where users can locate the nearest branch. In the Reed group there are a number of separate operating companies, including Reed Accountancy Personnel, Reed Connections (support services), Reed Health, Reed Insurance Selection, Reed Solutions (HR services), and Reed Technology Group. Tel: 44-0870-169-9000 Robert Walters http://www.robertwalters.co.uk Robert Walters has offices in London, Reading, and Manchester and specializes in permanent, contract, and temporary recruitment at all levels of seniority. Industry sectors include accounting, finance, banking, IT, management consultancy, general management, legal, sales and marketing, human resources, call center, and support. Website registration is quick and easy. Robert Walters 55 Strand London, England WC2N 5WR Tel: 44-20-7379-3333 Fax: 44-20-7509-8714 E-mail: [email protected] Tay Associates http://www.tayassociates.com Tay Associates is a boutique firm that has become recognized in the London recruitment marketplace as a provider of quality candidates for both temporary and permanent secretarial and support staff. The company provides personalized service to both candidates and clients in a range of sectors including banking, insurance, and IT. Tay Associates regularly advertises positions in the London press, as well as on its website. This website also details three firms that Tay Associates is closely affiliated with in London, Birmingham, and Melbourne, Australia. Tay Associates 120 Moorgate London, England EC2M 6UR Tel: 44-20-7065-6700 Fax: 44-20-7065-6701 Permanent positions (Caroline Tay): [email protected] Temporary positions (Lynn Davies): [email protected]


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http://www.manpower.co.uk

http://www.reed.co.uk

http://www.robertwalters.co.uk

http://www.tayassociates.com


EXECUTIVE RECRUITERS AND SEARCH FIRMS Executive recruiters work with professionals who have reached senior management levels and whose salaries are more than 75,000 GBP (117,210 USD). The recruiters are retained by the client company to search the marketplace and fill a specific role. Recruiters do not charge candidates for their services. The best way to contact them is to e-mail or post your CV directly to them. Your details will then be passed to the most relevant person within the organization. Do not expect a response unless you fit an opening. It is worthwhile to check whether the firm has a facility on its website to accept online CVs. Heidrick & Struggles http://www.heidrick.com Heidrick & Struggles is the largest executive search firm in the world. In the United Kingdom, the firm is located in London and Manchester. It places executives in sectors including general industry (such as energy, oil and gas, automotive, and manufacturing) financial services, professional services, consumer, IT, healthcare, and not-for-profit. It also offers a board service that places both non-executive and executive candidates, interim positions through the Protem practice, and finance and human resource roles across sectors. In general, it places only senior management with annual salaries of more than 100,000 GBP (156,280 USD). Heidrick & Struggles 3 Burlington Gardens London, England W1S 3EP Tel: 44-20-7075-4000 Fax: 44-20-7075-4001 Korn/Ferry International http://www.kornferry.com Korn/Ferry is located in London and Birmingham and specializes in executive searches for professionals in both middle management and senior roles around the world. Korn/Ferry has a strong reputation in Europe and is popular with British blue-chip companies. This website provides a description of the company’s services, which include CEO and board services, executive search, management assessment, and middle-management recruitment, as well as many publications on industry-specific topics. The firm’s web service, e-Korn/Ferry, allows job seekers to register online and update their résumés electronically, as well as perform an online search of open positions and their job specifications. Korn/Ferry International 123 Buckingham Palace Road London, England SW1W 9DZ Tel: 44-20-7312-3100


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http://www.heidrick.com

http://www.kornferry.com


Michael Page http://www.michaelpage.com Michael Page International is one of the world’s leading executive recruitment agencies and has numerous offices throughout the United Kingdom. Offices generally specialize in a sector, such as human resources, banking and financial markets, corporate treasury, marketing, retail, engineering, and supply chain, among others. This website provides job-search capabilities and e-mail notification of new jobs. The company accepts online submission of CVs. This website includes a section for those trying to find jobs in a different country, with information on visas, embassies, cost of living, banks, taxes, healthcare, transportation, climate, events, literature, and interesting places. Norman Broadbent http://www.normanbroadbent.com Norman Broadbent has offices in London, Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Leeds, and Manchester. The firm recruits candidates for specific roles through executive search and advertised recruitment. It specializes in senior and board-level positions across all major industry and service sectors. Norman Broadbent Head Office Dorland house 20 Regent Street London, England SW1Y 4PH Tel: 44-20-7484-000 Fax: 44-20-7484-0001 Russell Reynolds Associates http://www.russreyn.com Based in London, Russell Reynolds, like other executive search firms, is wholly retained by clients to work on senior-level searches both nationally and globally. The firm can be contacted directly with CVs through e-mail or the post. Russell Reynolds 24 St James’s Street London, England SW1Y 4HZ Tel: 44-20-7839-7788 Fax: 44-20-7839-9395 Spencer Stuart http://www.spencerstuart.com Spencer Stuart has a network of more than fifty offices in twenty-five countries, including the United Kingdom in London, Leeds, and Manchester. Spencer Stuart offers a range of leadership services including senior-level executive search. The firm has developed the Talent Network, an Internet-based recruitment service that aims to identify emerging talent and follow them through their careers.


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http://www.michaelpage.com

http://www.normanbroadbent.com

http://www.russreyn.com

http://www.spencerstuart.com


Spencer Stuart 16 Connaught Place London, England W2 2ED Tel: 44-20-7298-3333 Fax: 44-20-7298-3388 TMP Worldwide Executive Search http://www.tmpsearch.com A key player in the executive search world, TMP Executive Search is a senior-level firm that deals with a range of world-class companies across sector. TMP Executive Search The Adelphi 12th Floor 1-11 John Adam Street London, England WC2N 6HT Tel: 44-20-7451-9400 Fax: 44-20-7451-9401 Whitehead Mann http://www.wmann.com Whitehead Mann is located in London, Leeds, and the Midlands. Like its competitors, the firm focuses on a range of sectors globally at the senior management end. On its website, users learn about each of the company’s practice areas and the consultants who lead the teams. Whitehead Mann 11 Hill Street London, England W1J 5LG Tel: 44-20-7290-2000 Fax: 44-20-7290-2050 NEWSPAPERS THAT PUBLISH JOB ADVERTISEMENTS Many jobs are advertised in local and national newspapers and in many free papers including local job-hunting papers, available at local newsagents. Some of these are printed on a regional basis, with vacancies within commuting distance (e.g., London and Edinburgh’s free newspaper Metro, which is available in tube stations and train stations throughout the city), while others are national. Commonly, the national press carries vacancies for a particular occupational area on particular days, with some also advertising vacancies online. Public libraries have most local and many national papers available, or you can find their online versions through search engines. The Daily Telegraph http://www.telegraph.co.uk The Telegraph’s jobs site (http://www.jobs.telegraph.co.uk) includes a job search, an employer search, and an executive search for jobs paying more than 55,000 GBP (85,954 USD)


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http://www.tmpsearch.com

http://www.wmann.com

http://www.telegraph.co.uk

http://www.jobs.telegraph.co.uk


(http://www.businessfile.co.uk). The advanced search includes options such as searching by industry, title, salary, and location. The Financial Times http://www.FTcareerpoint.com The Financial Times (FT) advertises positions that pay up to 40,000 GBP (62,512 USD) every Monday and senior-level positions every Thursday. Areas covered include accounting, banking finance and public finance, general, and IT. This website also lists job openings. The Guardian http://www.tuardian.co.uk/jobs The Guardian advertises particular sectors on the following particular days: Monday: “Media Guardian”: creative, media, sales, marketing and PR, courses; “Office Hours”: secretarial and administration; “New Media”: new media and e-commerce. Tuesday: Higher education, further education, education, schools, support staff. Wednesday: “Society”: senior, society finance, housing, environment, charities, general public sector, volunteers, courses, social work, community care. Thursday: “Online”: IT&T, IT graduates, courses; “Science”: science and technology. Saturday: “Jobs & Money”: general, graduates, courses. The paper also has a section on employment on its website (http://www.jobsunlimited.co.uk), which has helpful articles and a section that allows readers to search through employment ads by keyword or sector. This website also includes government and charity vacancies. The Times http://www.thetimes.co.uk The Sunday Times advertises senior level roles each Sunday. This website also includes an appointments section for both the regular edition (http://www.thetimes.co.uk/appointments) and for the Sunday edition (http://www.sundaytimes.co.uk/appointments). Both sections provide a search engine to locate potential jobs and allow the job seeker to post his or her résumé electronically. Belfast Telegraph http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk The Telegraph’s website includes a Jobfinder section that allows the individual job seeker to search Telegraph’s listings by job type and area. A Job Alert section will send e-mails when jobs matching your selected description become open. It is also possible to post your own classified ad or register for home delivery at this website.


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http://www.businessfile.co.uk

http://www.FTcareerpoint.com

http://www.tuardian.co.uk/jobs

http://www.jobsunlimited.co.uk

http://www.thetimes.co.uk

http://www.thetimes.co.uk/appointments

http://www.sundaytimes.co.uk/appointments

http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk


OTHER RESOURCES The About Guide to Job Searching in the UK http://ukjobsearch.about.com/ The About Guide is an online job guide organized by subject. It covers associations, CVs, executive search, graduate careers, human resources, international work, job hotlines, print media, learning, training, and universities. There are forums, chat rooms, contact guides, and newsletters. It also has a keyword search engine. Amazon UK http://www.amazon.co.uk Amazon has a good selection of books and periodicals on international accounting and finance in a wide range of industries. Executive Grapevine http://executive-grapevine.co.uk Executive Grapevine publishes a wide range of publications, including The UK Directory of Executive Recruitment Consultants. This reference guide is a comprehensive run-down of recruitment consulting firms of all sizes and focus nationwide. The guide is broken into six sections: firms that focus on salaries of more than 100,000 GBP (156,280 USD), more than 75,000 GBP (117,210 USD), and more than 50,000 GBP (78,140 USD); independent researchers, recruitment-to-recruitment, and online recruiters. It also contains profiles of more than 900 of the top search consultants throughout the United Kingdom. The guide is updated annually and costs 199 GBP (311 USD). Executive Grapevine International New Barnes Mill Cottonmill Lane Saint Alban’s, England AL1 2HA Tel: 44-1727-844-335 Fax: 44-1727-844-779 E-mail: [email protected] Stork and May http://www.stork-may.com Stork and May are international career advisers who specialize in advising the most senior workers on their career choices. The firm is based in London but operates worldwide. Clients are typically at Chief Executive, Main Board, Divisional Managing Director, or Partner level. This website also contains many helpful links to FTSE 100 companies and other key employers and associations in a variety of sectors. Stork and May 32 Old Burlington Street London, England W1S 3AT Tel: 44-20-7304-3400 Fax: 44-20-7304-3456


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http://www.amazon.co.uk

http://executive-grapevine.co.uk

http://www.stork-may.com


EMPLOYMENT TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES GENERAL TRENDS According to recent research by the Confederation of British Industry (CBI), many employers believe that skill shortages have a significant or severe impact on business and, combined with the slowdown in the UK economy, will produce a further decline in the jobs market. One-third of the businesses that took part in the survey have had problems recruiting skilled workers. There are acute shortages in some industrial sectors, such as construction, hospitality, and some areas of transport, as well as professional services such as accounting and legal consulting. Skill shortages and skill gaps (among existing employees) in customer care and communication exist in almost all sectors. Businesses in London and the Southeast suffer disproportionately from skill shortages, as do smaller firms. Firms have to find innovative ways to attract, develop, involve, and reward valuable employees. Other areas that have been identified by Skillclear (http://www.skillclear.co.uk) include electronics; healthcare including clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, pharmacists, and social workers; nurses; doctors; IT; railway, structural and bridge, and transportation and highway engineers; actuaries; veterinary surgeons; and teachers. To ease this skills shortage, companies have resorted to hiring staff from overseas, and the trend is set to grow over the next six months. Recent research shows that 48 percent of UK firms employ foreign staff. Most of the firms with foreign employees are London-based, with many newcomers employed in hotels and restaurants. The government recently announced that work permit regulations are to be relaxed with the aim of reducing skills shortages. However, key workers employed from overseas, including chefs and health workers, still must have at least three years of experience to work in the United Kingdom. Expatriates are predominantly employed at the managerial or professional level. They are least likely to be working in manufacturing or in local and central government. The health industry, which is struggling to recruit qualified nurses, is one example. Major investments in increasing training in the United Kingdom are taking place, but it will take a long time for the results to take affect. In the meantime, the United Kingdom shall continue to rely on overseas workers from countries such as India, Spain, and the Philippines. In order to combat the downturn, organizational trends point toward an emphasis on efficiency and cost cutting to boost profitability. There is a very strong focus on core business and brand management, which is leading to the outsourcing of non-core businesses, an emphasis on alliances and partnerships rather than the kind of M&A activity of the late 1990s, and ongoing outsourcing of public sector activities.


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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY One million additional IT professionals will be needed in the United Kingdom in the next five years. IT research consultancy, The Gartner Group, predicts that there is currently a 20 percent shortfall. This number will probably rise to about 25 percent over the next three years. Without UK-wide industry action to address this need, experts predict that growth will slow and the United Kingdom will fail to reach its potential. The British government has been influential in addressing the skills problem by increasing the allocation of visas for foreign professionals and encouraging organizations to increase their training resources. The Robert Walters Salary Survey, the recruitment market’s most comprehensive analysis of salaries worldwide, confirmed that although the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of 2002 saw a continuation of a slowing economy, along with particular volatility in the telecoms market, the job market is still fruitful. The release of new Microsoft products such as C(hash) and Net technologies have driven a demand for those with exposure to them. There is also evidence of continued growth of web/Internet markets, with ASP, VB, HTML, and JAVA skills being in high demand. A senior Java developer in the United Kingdom with three to six years of experience can command salaries of between 60,000 GBP and 80,000 GBP (93,600 USD and 124,800 USD) within the financial services sector; project managers can earn between 65,000 GBP and 85,000 GBP (101,400 USD and 132,600 USD); test managers can earn between 40,000 GBP and 55,000 GBP (62,400 USD and 85,800 USD); and multi-skilled business analysts can expect to earn between 50,000 GBP and 65,000 GBP (78,000 USD and 101,400 USD). This biannual salary survey has also confirmed that recent changes to UK immigration legislation have prompted a rise in international recruitment drives. Today’s market is becoming increasingly candidate driven and often international in its reach. A growing number of employers are expected to import qualified IT professionals from abroad and to outsource projects to overseas teams. Certification and Education Requirements Successful job candidates must have at least one recognized IT qualification. Licensing and certification depends on which IT field one wants to enter (e.g., programming, Web development). Recognized certificates (such as Microsoft courses) are acceptable. Organizations and Trade Associations British Computer Society http://www.bcs.org.uk This website provides information about qualifying exams, awards, professional development, and training, and offers advice. News and event listings are available, as well as publications. Membership rates range from 49 GBP (77 USD) for a student to 132 GBP (198 USD) for a


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Fellow. Membership provides networking opportunities and discounts on insurance and financial services, among other benefits. E-mail: [email protected] Computing Services and Software Association http://www.cssa.co.uk This website provides benefits and services for members, as well as a weekly bulletin on issues in the industry. Included is information on training, a discount on books for members, and a calendar of events. Membership benefits include a legal helpline, a free dispute resolution service, and regular e-mail of sales leads. E-skills NTO http://www.e-skillsnto.org.uk E-skills NTO benefits include publications, discounts, and access to sources of funding. This website includes information about research projects and trends in the industry. An organization can apply online for membership. Career qualification information, vocational opportunities, and apprenticeship programs are also offered. Institute for the Management of Information Systems http://www.imis.org.uk This organization’s website includes resources for members, such as professional development, career guidance, and a calendar of events. This website also lists information about the necessary examinations and news and information about the profession. Membership costs are from 32 GBP (48 USD) for a student to 93 GBP (140 USD) for a Fellow. At press time, services for members had not been fully developed on this website, which will eventually include a CV service and a discussion forum. Institute of IT Training http://www.iitt.org.uk This website provides certification programs, accreditation of companies, training courses, and membership information. Information on standards, members, and regional groups is also available. Membership is 50 GBP (75 USD) for an affiliate member, 60 GBP (90 USD) for a full member, and 80 GBP (120 USD) for a fellow member. There is also an educational discount. National Computing Center (NCC) http://www.ncc.co.uk IT resources on this website include an encyclopedia, a salary finder, and other services. Guides, surveys, and publications are included. Additionally, this website includes research reports, news items, and membership information. Various membership packages offer different benefits, such as breakfast briefings, contacts, and advice. The Association of Information Management http://www.aslib.co.uk ASLIB has a number of special interest groups and also lobbies on behalf of its members. Its website provides membership information and outlines the various special interest groups. It allows access to a number of the association’s publications, training resources, a recruitment


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http://www.cssa.co.uk

http://www.e-skillsnto.org.uk

http://www.imis.org.uk

http://www.iitt.org.uk

http://www.ncc.co.uk

http://www.aslib.co.uk


service, and maintains a consultancy service. Membership is 20 GBP (30 USD) for students and 47 GBP (71 USD) for individuals. Corporate memberships are based on the type and size of the organization. The British Interactive Multimedia Association (BIMA) http://www.bima.co.uk BIMA is a trade association that hosts regular events and has developed a code of practice for its members. Membership is 160 GBP (240 USD) for individuals and 300 GBP (450 USD) or more for companies. This website includes news and events and job openings within the industry. The job seekers’ section allows those looking for work to place a résumé online. The Institute of Information Scientists http://www.iis.org.uk The institute’s website has information about the different special interest groups that the association sponsors. The jobs section provides links to other websites where the job seeker can find job listings. Membership prices: 16 GBP (24 USD) plus 4 GBP (6 USD) per year for new applications, 36 GBP (54 USD) plus 15 GBP (22.50 USD) per year for affiliates, and 72 GBP (108 USD) per year for members/fellows. Association of Technology Staffing Companies http://www.atsco.org Limited information is available on this website, including information about membership, events, and the code of ethics for the profession. Institute of Analysts and Programmers http://www.iap.org.uk This institution is the premier professional body dealing specifically with the needs of the working analyst or programmer. Membership is drawn from all sectors of the industry and from all sizes of business. Members can be recognized by the designatory letters appropriate to their grade (AMIAP, MIAP, and FIAP), and all subscribe to a code of conduct. Labor Unions Communication Workers Union (CWU) http://www.cwu.org This union includes the main communication trades and industries: posts and telecommunications in the post office, British Telecom, cable and wireless, and cable TV; National Girobank and related technologies and industries; and engineering, manual, clerical, and call-center grades below management level. 150 The Broadway Wimbledon, England SW19 1RX Tel: 44-020-8971-7200 Fax: 44-020-8971-7300 E-mail: [email protected]


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http://www.iis.org.uk

http://www.atsco.org

http://www.iap.org.uk

http://www.cwu.org


Connect - The Union for Professionals in Communications http://www.connectuk.org This group gathers telecommunications, information technology, and related industries. 30 St George’s Road Wimbledon, England SW19 4BD Tel: 44-020-8971-6000 Fax: 44-020-8971-6002 E-mail: [email protected] Publications The Journal of the ACM http://www.acm.org The Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), with 75,000 members, is a leading body in computing. The ACM publishes the Journal of the ACM, a peer-reviewed journal, six times a year. The content is made up of original research papers. To be accepted, a paper must be judged to be truly outstanding in its field and to be of interest to a wide audience. Other Resources Brint.com http://www.brint.com/ Brint is a business and technology portal. It provides information on e-business, information technology, and knowledge management and is recommended by many publications. ENGINEERING Engineers are in severely short supply in the United Kingdom. There is an urgent need to recruit high-caliber young people to replace qualified engineers due to retire over the next ten years. In a bid to try to ease the shortage, the Engineering Employers Federation has launched a new website designed to recruit recent graduates into the engineering industry. As part of its engineering connections initiative, the EEF is inviting employers to register their apprenticeship vacancies on the Web. In the meantime, as in most other sectors that are experiencing difficulties, many companies have resorted to hiring qualified engineers on a contract basis from abroad. Salaries for engineering directors were running at a median of 65,425 GBP (98,138 USD) in 2002. Chief engineers had the next highest median salary at 42,319 GBP (63,478 USD). Senior engineers and engineers and junior engineers can expect a median basic salary of 29,479 GBP (44,219 USD), 23,771 GBP (35,656 USD), and 21,312 GBP (31,968 USD), respectively, while senior technicians can expect 20,000 GBP (30,000 USD).


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http://www.acm.org

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Female civil engineers earned 13,130 GBP (19,695 USD) (less on average than their male counterparts) in 2002. The average salary of female civil engineers was 27,916 GBP (41,874 USD), while the corresponding male figure was 41,046 GBP (61,569 USD). Location also influenced salary levels: London-based management level engineers earned a median of 42,000 GBP (63,000 USD), compared to 39,237 GBP (58,855 USD) in the rest of the South East. The lowest-paying region was the East Midlands where the median salary was 32,200 GBP (48,300 USD). Certification and Education Requirements The basic requirements for working as an engineer in the United Kingdom include an accredited BEng (Hons) degree or equivalent and approved training and assessment through a professional review by a relevant engineering institute. The Engineering Council (UK) maintains a Register of Professional Engineers who are recognized as having met stringent standards of education, training, and professional competence. This register is the defining list of Chartered Engineers (CEng). The Chartered Engineer designation is required to be a member or fellow of a nominated engineering institution, such as the Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE), the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE), or the British Computer Society. Engineering Council (EC) (UK) http://www.engc.org.uk With more than a quarter of a million professional engineers and technicians on its national register, the Engineering Council, which was created in March of 2002, and its thirty-five engineering partners promote and regulate the profession to maintain a world-class engineering work force in the United Kingdom and a standard against which overseas professional engineers are judged. The mission of the EC (UK) is to set out and maintain realistic and internationally relevant standards of professional competence and ethics for engineers, technologists, and technicians, and to license competent institutions to promote and uphold the standards. Engineering Council 10 Maltravers Street London, England WC2R 3ER Tel: 44-20-7240-7891 Fax: 44-20-7240-7517 E-mail: [email protected] The Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) http://www.ice.ogr.uk ICE is an independent engineering institution that represents more than 80,000 professionally qualified engineers. While its principal membership is in the United Kingdom, the ICE has expanding worldwide membership in the civil engineering industry. This website details the various subscription rates available, along with the grades of membership. The institution provides its members with a library and other learning facilities, professional status, and training and recruitment opportunities.


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http://www.engc.org.uk

http://www.ice.ogr.uk


The Institution of Civil Engineers One Great George Street Westminster, England SW1P 3AA Tel: 44-20-7222-7722 Fax: 44-20-7222-7500 The Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) http://www.iee.org A registered charity, the Institution of Electrical Engineers is the largest professional engineering society in Europe and has a worldwide membership of just fewer than 140,000, representing the profession of electrical, electronic, manufacturing, and systems engineering and related sciences. With locations in London, Glasgow, Manchester, Stevenage, and Birmingham, the institution offers many resources and services, including an extensive range of lectures, conferences, and seminars; accreditation of professional development and degree courses; various learning resources; and safety regulations. Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMecheE) http://www.imeche.org.uk Established for more than 150 years, this institution has 83,000 members worldwide and is the United Kingdom’s qualifying body for mechanical engineers. Its website details how to become a member, which organizations have accreditation, upcoming events, and literature published by the organization. Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1 Birdcage Walk London, England SW1H 9JJ Tel: 44-20-7222-7899 E-mail: [email protected] British Computer Society (BCS) http://www.bcs.org.uk With 38,000 members worldwide, the BCS is the only chartered engineering institution for information systems engineering. Fully licensed by the Engineering Council, the BCS nominates chartered and incorporated engineers and accredits university courses and training schemes. British Computer Society 1 Sanford Street Swindon, England SN1 1HJ Tel: 44-1793-417-424 Fax: 44-1793-480-270 E-mail: [email protected]


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http://www.imeche.org.uk

http://www.bcs.org.uk


Organizations and Trade Associations Engineering Employers Foundation http://www.eef.org.uk This website for the Engineering Employers Foundation releases periodic reports about the state of engineering in the United Kingdom and Europe, as well as news and information about issues pertinent to the industry. The foundation also provides advisory services for a number of subject areas to its membership, which includes more than 5,700 companies. Engineers4Engineers http://www.engineers4engineers.co.uk Engineers4engineers provides information on engineering companies and associations, links to software, and information on technical books and resources. Job information includes a job search, CV posting, and e-mail notification service. This website also contains links to a number of engineering consultants. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council http://www.epsrc.ac.uk The council funds research and postgraduate opportunities throughout the United Kingdom. The council also publishes newsletters on a number of science and engineering topics. The information is mainly geared to those doing research and also to students. Labor Unions Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union (AEEU) http://www.aeeu.org.uk This union includes industries such as manufacturing, engineering, energy, construction, IT, defense and aerospace, motor industry, civil air transport, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, steel and metals, and shipbuilding. Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union Hayes Court, West Common Road Bromley, England BR2 7AU Tel: 44-020-8462-7755 Fax: 44-020-8315-8234 Engineers’ and Managers’ Association (EMA) http://www.ema.org.uk This group includes professional and allied staffs (managers, engineers, and scientists) in aerospace, electricity supply, engineering, oil, shipbuilding, and other industries.


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http://www.eef.org.uk

http://www.engineers4engineers.co.uk

http://www.epsrc.ac.uk

http://www.aeeu.org.uk

http://www.ema.org.uk


Engineers’ and Managers’ Association Flaxman House, Gogmore Lane Chertsey, England KT16 9JS Tel: 44-193-257-7007 Fax: 44-193-256-7707 E-mail: [email protected] Publications Visit this website for the Engineering Council (UK) (http://www.engc.org.uk), which details an extensive list of the various publications available. The other institutions discussed above also publish their own literature. Other Resources UK-engineering.net http://www.uk-engineering.net This website is the Internet’s essential guide to the engineering industry in the United Kingdom. Whatever skills or services are required, uk-engineering.net sets out to provide key information on the expertise provided by UK-based engineering companies. A broad range of engineering disciplines is represented within the directory, with company information provided in a clear, simple, and easy-to-use format. ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE The United Kingdom’s accounting firms are no longer looking for just basic accountants. Firms today believe accountants should be able to use their training to help shape business strategies, and they must have “softer” skills, such as communication and team-building. Newly-qualified chartered accountants can expect to make between 27,000 GBP and 31,000 GBP (40,500 USD and 46,500 USD) a year in the large firms. They can expect slightly less in smaller firms. Newly-qualified management accountants earn a little less, with the salary range generally between 24,000 GBP and 26,000 GBP (36,000 USD and 39,000 USD). For those entering their second or third jobs, salary expectations vary, depending on the type of business and the expertise demand. The accountant working in the United Kingdom now earns an average salary of 18,148 GBP (26,218 USD), with 50 percent of those in this position earning between 13,950 GBP and 21,576 GBP (20,153 USD and 31,171 USD). The Financial Analyst working in United Kingdom now earns an average salary of 26,093 GBP (37,697 USD), 50 percent of those in this position earning between 17,916 GBP and 32,760 GBP (25,883 USD and 47,329 USD).


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http://www.uk-engineering.net


Certification and Education Requirements A business degree or higher education qualification is preferred for accounts or finance executives, but it is not absolutely necessary. To become a chartered accountant, candidates must pass the Institute exams and have the necessary range of practical work experience. Employers who offer ICAEW training places must be authorized by the Institute. There are currently more than 2,000 authorized offices, mostly in accounting firms. While in training, the work experience will be varied, but will include accounting, auditing, and taxation. Time spent on each discipline and the focus of the work experience varies among training organizations. Organizations and Trade Associations Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) http://www.acca.org.uk The ACCA is the largest global professional accounting body, with nearly 300,000 members and students in 160 countries. Its headquarters are in London. The ACCA website contains information for students, members, colleges, and employers. Member services include the directory of members and business advisers, the rulebook, and a careers section. A calendar of events is also available, and publications and news are listed on this website. ACCA 29 Lincoln’s Fields London, England WC2A 3EE

Tel: 44-20-7396-7000 Fax: 44-20-7396-7070 E-mail: [email protected] Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) http://www.cimaglobal.com CIMA represents more than 56,000 members and 74,000 students across all business sectors globally. The CIMA website provides a wealth of information for members, students, and employers. Information about necessary exams is also available, as are actual test results. Many business resources, news, and publications, and an online store make this a very useful website. 26 Chapter Street London, England SW1P 4NP Tel: 44-20-7663-5441 Fax: 44-20-7663-5442 E-mail: [email protected]


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http://www.acca.org.uk

http://www.cimaglobal.com


The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales http://www.icaew.co.uk This is the largest professional body for chartered accountants in Europe, with more than 120,000 members and 3,400 students (provisional members). The institute’s qualification is recognized around the world as a prestigious business certification. Members of the institute are entitled to the description “chartered accountant” and to the letters ACA or FCA, subject to experience and length of membership. This website includes information about the professional standards, statistics, an explanation of the structure of the association, and details about how to become a chartered accountant. Labor Unions There are no labor unions specifically for accountants, but UNIFI represents the interests of the finance industry. UNIFI http://www.unifi.org.uk UNIFI’s trades and industries include banking, insurance, building societies, and financial institutions. UNIFI Sheffield House 1b Amity Grove London, England SW20 0LG Tel: 44-208-946-9151 Fax: 44-208-879-7916 Publications The Accountant http://www.lafferty.com/newsletter/newsletter_02_publication.asp?PubID=TA This newsletter is for accountants wanting to be kept up to date on their profession worldwide. This monthly newsletter (the world’s oldest accounting publication) delivers a mixture of news analysis, interviews, country surveys, and features. It is possible to register for a free trial subscription. Subsequently, the subscription cost is 737 GBP (1,107 USD) for twelve months. There is also a 34 GBP (51 USD) delivery charge for each newsletter subscription per year. Lafferty Publications The Colonnades 82 Bishop’s Bridge Road London, England W2 6BB Tel: 44-20-7563-5786 Fax: 44-20-7563-5701


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http://www.unifi.org.uk

http://www.lafferty.com/newsletter/newsletter_02_publication.asp?PubID=TA


Accountancy http://www.accountancymagazine.com Published monthly, Accountancy is the official journal of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and is recognized as a leading publication in its field. It is not available on the Web. Back copies are available in both hard copy and CD-ROM form. It contains an extensive vacancy section that covers a wide selection of job opportunities within the industry. An annual subscription costs 52.50 GBP (78.75 USD) for the United Kingdom and 60 GBP (90 USD) for the rest of the world. For students or retirees, the annual subscription rate is 36 GBP (54 USD) for the United Kingdom and 44 GBP (66 USD) for the rest of the world. Accountancy 40 Bernard Street London, England WC1N 1LD Tel: 44-20-7833-3291 Tel (Credit Card Hotline): 44-800-592-361 Tel (Subscriptions): 44-20-7920-8899 Fax: 44-20-7833-2085 E-mail: [email protected] GENERAL BUSINESS Management consultants in the United Kingdom brought in more than 1 billion GBP (1.56 billion USD) in revenue during the last quarter of 2000, according to figures from the Management Consultancies Association (MCA). MCA member firms, which now employ more than 25,000 consultants, reported a fee income of 5.2 billion GBP (8.53 billion USD) in 2001. Member firms also finished 2001 with 17 percent year on year growth. Nevertheless, the global economic slowdown presented a number of challenges that resulted in many firms undergoing major re-branding exercises, flotations, mergers and acquisitions. Decreasing client demand forced layoffs at many firms. Significant consolidation was seen in the aftermath of the Enron collapse with Andersen breaking up and bought by Deliotte and Touche. Consequences included a redistribution of clients in the remaining Big Four and a focus on the separation of the audit and consultancy functions. The economic slowdown affected the telecoms and financial services sectors—the traditional major sources of income for member firms. In fact, financial services remains the biggest sector for consultancy work followed by distribution, hotels, and retail. Public sector work experienced an increase of 135 of the total fee income compared to 9 percent in 2000. Technology remains a key driver for the industry. Many believe that the next step will be a move into the more lucrative IT services and consulting market. Despite the economic slowdown, the “war for talent” persists. According to new research by the Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM), nearly 25 percent of employers are planning to increase the size of their marketing departments in the next twelve months. While 67 percent of employers plan to maintain their current staffing level over the next


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year, the research shows that the retail, financial, and business services sectors are the most likely to be recruiting staff for new positions. Marketers can feel optimistic about the current employment trends, particularly if they have expertise or experience in e-commerce and web technology. Marketing managers working in the United Kingdom earn an average salary of 28,214 GBP (40,887 USD). Sales area managers now earn an average salary of 25,047 GBP (36,298 USD). Certification and Education Requirements In this industry a business degree is required, along with an MBA or postgraduate qualification if you want to achieve partner status. Licenses and/or certificates are not absolutely necessary, especially if the job seeker holds an MBA. However, to achieve chartered consultancy status, the IMC offers the CMC qualification, which is recognized in thirty countries that belong to the International Council of Management Consultants. In sales and marketing, at least a business degree is required to obtain a good job. CIM offers qualifications to show that one has achieved chartered marketing status in marketing or in professional sales. However, these are not absolutely necessary to secure a job in sales and marketing. Organizations and Trade Associations Institute of Management Consultancy (IMC) http://www.imc.co.uk The IMC was formed in 1962. The institute’s aim is to establish management consulting as a profession with defined training and qualifications. In 1993 IMC became a member of the International Council of Management Consulting Institutes (ICMCI) and is now leading the development of the Certified Management Consultant (CMC) qualification. The IMC is the only awarding body of the CMC that has a credit rating equivalent to Master’s degree. The Institute of Management Consultancy 3rd Floor, 17-18 Hayward’s Place London, England EC1R 0EQ Tel: 44-20-7566-5220 Fax: 44-20-7566-5230 E-mail: [email protected] The Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) http://www.cim.co.uk With 60,000 plus members worldwide, CIM is the world’s largest marketing association. The Association works closely with the marketing profession, government, industry and commerce to develop greater awareness and understanding of what marketing can contribute to UK and International business. Members are able to search a daily updated list of up to 8,000 job


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http://www.cim.co.uk


vacancies each month. It also allows members to apply online and store their CVs on this website. A comprehensive range of other career-related information, including detailed job descriptions and average salary scales is also available on this website, along with a new range of careers-guidance literature. The Chartered Institute of Marketing Moor Hall, Cookham Maidenhead, England SL6 9QH Tel: 44-1628-427-500 Fax: 44-1628-427-499 E-mail: [email protected] Labor Unions There is currently no recognized union for the sales and marketing sector, nor for business professionals/consultants, but job seekers may wish to consider the following. Institution of Professionals, Managers, and Specialists (IPMS) http://www.ipms.org.uk This group brings together trades and industries such as science engineering, managerial and professional staff in agriculture, aviation, defense, energy, environment, health and safety, heritage, and research councils. Institution of Professionals, Managers, and Specialists 75/79 York Road London, England SE1 7AQ Tel: 44-207-902-6600 Fax: 44-207-902-6667 E-mail: [email protected] Publications Management Consultancy http://www.managementconsultancy.co.uk This monthly periodical is published by the IMC. There is no cost to receive this publication. All the information is available online. Harvard Business Review Published monthly, the Harvard Business Review is a premier publication for educators, entrepreneurs, managers, and trainers, put out by Harvard Business School Publishing.


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http://www.managementconsultancy.co.uk


Harvard Business Review International Subscriber Services Tower House, Sovereign Park Lathkill Street Market Harborough, England LE16 9EF Tel: 44-1858-435-324 Fax: 44-1858-468-969 E-mail: [email protected] Other Resources Marketing Forum 2003 http://www.marketingforum.co.uk/how The marketing forum, held annually in September, is in its eleventh consecutive year. The aim is “to create an environment where the top marketing professionals within the United Kingdom can come together to learn, network, and identify new marketing service companies.” Consulting.co http://consulting.co.uk/index.html Consulting.co offers a consultant network, database, and market for consulting services and helps clients obtain specialist skills and consulting resources. Consulting professionals can enter their consulting service and contact details in the database, using the database entry form. HUMAN RESOURCES “The HR functions within FTSE 100 and Fortune 250 organizations are changing, with the focus being on human capital management. Human resources is becoming increasingly strategically aligned to the business, delivering synergy-based solutions that add value to the business as a whole. This has seen the re-alignment and restructuring of many large HR functions creating a talent pool of high caliber individuals in both generalist and specialist roles. The demand for the top-tier candidates remains high, even in a slower employment market. We have seen a number of high-caliber individuals securing permanent or interim roles over the past few months. Those who are securing jobs are those who are able to demonstrate key skills and differentiate themselves in some way. The CIPD qualification is still preferred, however there is an increasing desire for candidates with MAs and MBAs in human resource management. The HR contracting and interim market continues to evolve and gain credibility. Pursing an interim career has become a serious option for many HR professionals, giving rise to some superb talent in this area, while at the top end there still remains interest amongst clients in ‘buying in’ specialist skills sets.


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http://www.marketingforum.co.uk/how

http://consulting.co.uk/index.html


In summary, “while the recruitment market for HR professionals has slowed . . . there is still a strong demand for the best candidates. The future for this market is looking positive.” (The Robert Walters Salary Survey, July 2002) The national average salary for an HR director in the United Kingdom is 64,000 GBP (96,000 USD). In London, an HR director can expect to earn a base salary of between 50,000 GBP and 90,000 GBP (75,000 USD and 135,000 USD), with the average salary being 63,000 GBP (94,500 USD). A sector breakdown for a director role is as follows: retail average 45,000 GBP (67,500 USD); finance average 80,000 (120,000 USD); IT and electronics average 68,000 GBP (102,000 USD). The national average salary for an HR manager is 39,000 GBP (58,500 USD). In London the base salary range is between 30,000 GBP and 65,000 GBP (45,000 USD and 97,500 USD). A sector breakdown for London and the Southeast is as follows: retail average 39,000 GBP (58,500 USD); finance average 47,000 GBP (70,500 USD); IT and electronics average 45,000 GBP (67,500 USD). The average base salary nationally for an HR officer is 22,000 GBP (33,000 USD). In London, one can expect to earn between 20,000 GBP and 30,000 GBP (30,000 USD and 45,000 USD). HR advisors and consultants can earn between 25,000 GBP and 35,000 GBP (37,500 USD and 52,500 USD), and an HR administrator can earn between 16,000 GBP and 23,000 GBP (24,000 USD and 34,500 USD). Certification and Education Requirements It is more and more necessary for human resources practitioners to hold a qualification recognized by the CIPD (more information below), irrespective of seniority or years in the industry. In order to obtain an accreditation, one can either complete a course at a tertiary institution or undergo home study. There are numerous paths that one can take in order to obtain the required qualification. While it is important to choose a reputable institution at which to study, it is more important that the course lead to membership with the CIPD. Organizations and Trade Associations Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) http://www.cipd.co.uk The CIPD, which has 110,000 members, offers various grades of membership determined by qualifications and attained experience. Many employers have begun to regard CIPD membership as a prerequisite of employment.


32

http://www.cipd.co.uk


CIPD House Camp Road, Wimbledon London, England SW19 4UX Tel: 44-20-8971-9000 Fax: 44-20-8263-3333 E-mail: [email protected] British Psychological Society (BPS) http://www.bps.org.uk The British Psychological Society is the representative body for psychologist and psychology in the United Kingdom. This website lists the different types of membership, how to become a chartered psychologist, and advice for overseas candidates. The annual subscription fees vary depending on the type and level of membership, the range is 13 GBP to 70 GBP (20.32 USD to 109.40 USD). A monthly appointments memorandum is published, listing vacancies nationwide. It is only circulated to graduate psychologists and those studying psychology with an institution recognized by the Society (these number more than 28,000 and are all members of the British Psychological Society). There is also a search facility for events and conferences throughout the United Kingdom and overseas, which are run by a large variety of organizations and institutions. BPS 48 Princes Road East Leceister, England LE1 7DR Tel: 44-116-254-9568 Labor Unions Unison http://www.unison.org.uk Unison is the United Kingdom’s largest trade union. It represents people who work in public services—in local government, the health service, education, the voluntary sector, the utilities, and police support staff. It also campaigns on issues relating to employment such as pay, health and safety, leave, pensions, and allowances, and issues relating to the public services, such as funding, reform, privatization, and delivery. Unison members pay a small monthly subscription, which is weighted according to their income, and receive a variety of extra benefits, which are detailed on this website. Unison 1 Mableon Place London, England WC1H 9AJ Tel: 44-20-7388-2366 Fax: 44-20-7387-6692 E-mail: [email protected]


33

http://www.bps.org.uk

http://www.unison.org.uk


Publications People Management http://www.peoplemanagement.co.uk People Management is the key publication for this sector. The CIPD publishes it bimonthly. It is sent to all CIPD members, and is available on annual subscription to non-members. The annual subscription rate for the United Kingdom is 90 GBP (135 USD) (for twenty-five issues). Single copies are 5 GBP (7.50 USD). Every issue includes coverage of the latest developments in the business world, advice from specialists in specific areas including employment law, case studies often written by the professional involved, and a job vacancies section. Galleon Ltd Freepost WD37+44 London, England EC1B 1PZ Tel: 44-1795-414-864 Personnel Today http://www.personneltoday.com Personnel Today is published weekly and includes latest news and analysis, letters and opinions, legal issues, various features, and national job opportunities. Personneltoday.com includes the latest HR news, jobs, an extensive directory of HR suppliers, an employment law timetable, policy guides, and features. The HR directory includes an extensive list of specialist HR recruitment firms. An annual subscription costs (within the United Kingdom) 75 GBP (112.50 USD). For a free copy of the magazine, go to http://www.reedbusiness.co.uk or call 44-1444-475-604. Reed Business Information Quadrant House The Quadrant Sutton, England SM2 5AS E-mail: [email protected] Subscription Inquiries: http://www.reedbusiness.co.uk/products/personnel_today.asp Tel: 44-1444-445-566 E-mail: [email protected] Other Resources Many of the large recruiters (that have been listed in the Job Search Resources section of this guide) have a dedicated HR practice. The periodicals People Management and Personnel Today also provide valuable recruitment contacts in their appointments sections. However, it is also useful to make contact with niche specialist firms.


34

http://www.peoplemanagement.co.uk

http://www.personneltoday.com

http://www.reedbusiness.co.uk

http://www.reedbusiness.co.uk/products/personnel_today.asp


Below is a list of some of these firms: Courtenay http://www.courtenayhr.com/ Courtenay, an HR search and selection firm, has a number of different practices, including a search practice that focuses on senior HR appointments, a selection practice that specializes in middle- and junior-level jobs, a city practice that works with the financial and professional services industry, and an interim practice that focuses on short-term, senior-level HR jobs. Courtenay 3 Hanover Square London, England W1S 1HB Tel: 44-20-7491-4014 E-mail: [email protected] Frazer Jones http://www.frazerjones.com With offices in London, Leeds, Manchester, Hong Kong, and Sydney, Frazer Jones works in defined market sectors recruiting from administrator to director level worldwide. There is a job search facility on this website. Frazer Jones Fleetway 25 Farringdon Street London, England EC4A 4SR Tel: 44-20-7415-2815 Fax: 44-20-7332-2495 Sheridan Maine Human Resources http://www.sheridanmaine.com Sheridan Maine Human Resources 3-6 The Quarterdeck, Port Solent, Portsmouth, Hampshire, PO6 4TP Tel: 44-2392-222-111 Fax: 44-2392-222-101 E-mail: [email protected] Interim Performers http://www.interimperformers.com Interim Performers won the Award for Best HR Recruitment Firm at the Professional Recruiter Awards for Excellence 2002.


35

http://www.courtenayhr.com/

http://www.frazerjones.com

http://www.sheridanmaine.com

http://www.interimperformers.com


Interim Performers 1 Throgmorton Ave London, England EC2N 2BY Tel: 44-20-7382-0680 Fax: 44-20-7920-0861 E-mail: [email protected] Complinet HR http://www.complinet.co.uk Complinet is an online information service that provides up-to-minute news for three areas: HR, securities and banking, and private banking. The focus is generally on financial services organizations, but other sectors are also touched upon. Apart from the recruitment section that is available via a link on the homepage, a regular bulletin detailing positions vacant is sent out. These vacancies cover administrator to director levels. Complinet HR 86-88 Upper Richmond Road, 3rd Floor London, England SW15 2ST Tel: 44-20-8246-4100 Fax: 44-20-8246-4111 E-mail: [email protected]


36

http://www.complinet.co.uk


PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND RESOURCES BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS AND TRADE COUNCILS The majority of industries and fields in the United Kingdom have their own organizations, which may be found in the telephone directory. The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) http://www.cbi.org.uk The CBI is an independent organization that represents public- and private-sector companies and trade, employer, and commercial organizations. It is an excellent source for expert advice and information on British industry. Its range of highly-regarded business services includes books and practical guides; business surveys; business-to-business facilities; events including conferences, workshops, seminars, road shows, lunches, dinners, and other networking opportunities; and links to online business information Confederation of British Industry Center Point 103 New Oxford Street London, England WC1A 1DU Tel: 44-207-395-8247 Fax: 44-207-240-1578 The Trade Union Congress (TUC) http://www.tuc.org.uk The TUC is a good place to find out about trade unions in the United Kingdom. The TUC represents more than seventy trade unions and nearly 7 million working people. The TUC lobbies in parliament and in international labor organizations in the European Union and the United Nations. The Trade Union Congress Congress House Great Russell Street London, England WC1B 3LS K Tel: 44-207-363-4030


37

http://www.cbi.org.uk

http://www.tuc.org.uk


CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE Aberdeen Chamber of Commerce http://www.aberdeenchamber.co.uk 27 Albyn Place Aberdeen, Scotland AB10 1DB Tel: 44-122-457-5100 Fax: 44-122-421-3221 E-mail: [email protected] Accrington East Lancashire Chamber of Commerce http://www.chamber-elancs.co.uk Red Rose Court Clayton Business Park Clayton-le-Moors Accrington, England BB5 5JR Tel: 44-125-438-8400 Fax: 44-125-438-8900 E-mail: [email protected] American Chamber of Commerce UK 75 Brook Street London, England W1Y 2EB Tel: 44-207-493-0381 Fax: 44-207-493-2394 E-mail: [email protected] Andover Hampshire Chamber of Commerce http://www.classicengland.co.uk/andover-chamber Business Centre, Beech Hurst Weyhill Road Andover, England SP10 3AJ Tel: 44-126-432-4779 Fax: 44-126-436-6617 E-mail: [email protected] Barnsley Chamber of Commerce http://www.barnsleychamber.co.uk Beevor Court, Pontefract Road Barnsley, England S71 1HG Tel: 44-122-678-4440 Fax: 44-122-678-4464 E-mail: [email protected]


38

http://www.aberdeenchamber.co.uk

http://www.chamber-elancs.co.uk

http://www.classicengland.co.uk/andover-chamber

http://www.barnsleychamber.co.uk


Belfast Northern Ireland Chamber of Commerce http://www.nicci.co.uk 22 Great Victoria Street Belfast, Northern Ireland BT2 7BJ Tel: 44-289-024-4113 Fax: 44-289-024-7024 E-mail: [email protected] Birmingham Chamber of Commerce http://www.bci.org.uk 75 Harborne Road Birmingham, England B15 3DH Tel: 44-121-454-6171 Fax: 44-121-455-8670 E-mail: [email protected] Bolton & Bury Chamber of Commerce http://www.bolton-and-bury-chamber.co.uk Clive House Clive Street Bolton, England BL1 1ET Tel: 44-845-601-6010 Fax: 44-120-436-3212 Bradford Chamber of Commerce http://www.bradford.chamber.co.uk Phoenix House Rushton Avenue Bradford, England BD3 7BH Tel: 44-127-477-2777 Fax: 44-127-477-1081 E-mail: [email protected] Bristol Chamber of Commerce http://www.business-in-the-west.org.uk 16 Clifton Park Bristol, England BS8 3BY Tel: 44-117-973-7373 Fax: 44-117-974-5365 E-mail: [email protected]


39

http://www.nicci.co.uk

http://www.bci.org.uk

http://www.bolton-and-bury-chamber.co.uk

http://www.bradford.chamber.co.uk

http://www.business-in-the-west.org.uk


British Chamber of Commerce http://www.britishchambers.org.uk Manning House 22 Carlisle Place London, England SW1P 1JA Tel: 44-207-567-2000 Cardiff Chamber of Commerce http://www.cardiffchamber.co.uk Corys Buildings 57 Bute Street Cardiff CF10 5AS Tel: 44-292-025-3000 Fax: 44-292-048-9785 E-mail: [email protected] Chester - Ellesmere Port & North Wales Chamber of Commerce Hilliards Court Chester Business Park, Wrexham Chester, England CH4 9QP Tel: 44-124-467-4111 Fax: 44-124-468-1957 E-mail: [email protected] Borough of Congleton Chamber of Commerce Buckingham House 3 West Street Congleton, England CW12 1JN Tel: 44-126-029-4500 Fax: 44-126-029-4501 Coventry and Warwickshire Chamber of Commerce http://www.cw-chamber.co.uk Oak Tree Court Binley Business Park Harry Weston Road Coventry, England CV3 2UN Tel: 44-247-665-4321 Fax: 44-247-645-0242 E-mail: [email protected]


40

http://www.britishchambers.org.uk

http://www.cardiffchamber.co.uk

http://www.cw-chamber.co.uk


Crewe and Nantwich Chamber of Commerce Enterprise House Wistaston Road Crewe and Nantwich, England CW2 7RP Tel: 44-127-050-4700 Fax: 44-127-050-4701 Dorset Chamber of Commerce http://www.dcci.co.uk 4 New Fields Business Park Stinsford Road Poole, England BH17 0DB Tel: 44-120-244-8800 Fax: 44-120-244-8836 E-mail: [email protected] Durham North East Chamber of Commerce http://www.ne-chamber.co.uk Aykley Heads Business Centre Aykley Heads Durham, England DH1 5TS Tel: 44-191-386-1133 Fax: 44-191-386-1144 E-mail: [email protected] Edinburgh Chamber of Commerce and Enterprise http://www.ecce.org Conference House 152 Morrison Street Edinburgh, Scotland EH 8EB Tel: 44-131-477-7000 Fax: 44-131-477-7002 Exeter Chamber of Commerce http://www.exeter-chamber-of-commerce.co.uk 6 Sunhill Lane Topsham Exeter, England EX3 0BR Tel: 44-139-287-9595 Fax: 44-139-287-7939 E-mail: [email protected]


41

http://www.dcci.co.uk

http://www.ne-chamber.co.uk

http://www.ecce.org

http://www.exeter-chamber-of-commerce.co.uk


Falkirk Central Scotland Chamber of Commerce http://www.central-chamber.co.uk Suite A, Haypark Business Centre Marchmont Avenue, Polmont Falkirk, Scotland FK2 0NZ Tel: 44-132-471-6868 Fax: 44-132-471-3027 Farsley Leeds Chamber of Commerce http://www.leeds.chamber.co.uk Post Office Box 73, Farsley Leeds, England LS28 5YB Tel: 44-113-236-3136 Fax: 44-113-236-3128 E-mail: [email protected] Glasgow Chamber of Commerce http://www.glasgowchamber.org 30 George Square Glasgow, Scotland G2 1EQ Tel: 44-141-204-2121 Fax: 44-141-221-2336 E-mail: [email protected] Halton Chamber of Commerce Victoria Square, Halton Widnes, England WA8 7QZ Tel: 44-151-420-9400 Fax: 44-151-420-9424 E-mail: [email protected] Hants Portsmouth and South East Hampshire Chamber of Commerce http://www.chamber.org.uk Regional Business Centre Harts Farm Way Havant, Hants Portsmouth, England PO9 1HR Tel: 44-239-244-9449 Fax: 44-239-244-9444 Herts Hertfordshire Chamber of Commerce 45 Grosvenor Road, Herts Saint Alban’s, England AL1 3AW Tel: 44-172-781-3680 Fax: 44-172-781-3694 E-mail: [email protected]


42

http://www.central-chamber.co.uk

http://www.leeds.chamber.co.uk

http://www.glasgowchamber.org

http://www.chamber.org.uk


Inverness Chamber of Commerce http://www.inverness-chamber.co.uk Post Office Box 5512 Inverness, Scotland IV2 3ZE Tel: 44-146-371-8131 Fax: 44-146-371-8131 E-mail: [email protected] Ipswich Chamber of Commerce http://www.suffolkchamber.co.uk Felaw Maltings, South Kiln 42 Felaw Street Ipswich, England IP2 8SQ Tel: 44-147-368-0600 Fax: 44-147-360-3888 E-mail: [email protected] Islington Chamber of Commerce http://www.islchamber.org.uk Islington, England Tel: 44-207-226-1593 Fax: 44-207-226-5437 E-mail: [email protected] Kingston upon Thames Chamber of Commerce http://www.kingstonchamber.co.uk Ground Floor Parman House 36a Fife Road Kingston Upon Thames, England KT1 1EP Tel: 44-208-296-9595 Fax: 44-208-296-9599 Kirkcaldy Fife Chamber of Commerce http://www.fifechamber.co.uk Wemyssfield House Kirkcaldy, Scotland KY1 1XN Tel: 44-159-220-1932 Fax: 44-159-264-1187


43

http://www.inverness-chamber.co.uk

http://www.suffolkchamber.co.uk

http://www.islchamber.org.uk

http://www.kingstonchamber.co.uk

http://www.fifechamber.co.uk


Kirklees & Wakefield Chamber of Commerce Commerce House Wakefield Road, Aspley Huddersfield, England HD5 9AA Tel: 44-48-442-6591 Fax: 44-48-451-4199 Lancaster Chamber of Commerce http://www.lancaster-chamber.org.uk Marton House, Marton Street Lancaster, England LA1 1YA Tel: 44-152-438-4004 Fax: 44-152-438-4005 E-mail: [email protected] Liverpool Chamber of Commerce http://www.liverpoolchamber.org.uk Liverpool, England Tel: 44-151-227-1234 Fax: 44-151-236-0121 E-mail: [email protected] London Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.londonchamber.co.uk 33 Queen Street London, England EC4R 1AP Tel: 44-207-248-4444 Fax: 44-207-489-0391 E-mail: [email protected] Macclesfield Chamber of Commerce Churchill Chambers Churchill Way Macclesfield, England SK11 6AS Tel: 44-162-566-4400 Fax: 44-162-566-4401 Manchester Chamber of Commerce http://www.manchester-tec.co.uk 56, Oxford Street Manchester, England M60 7HJ Tel: 44-61-236-3210 Fax: 44-61-236-4160


44

http://www.lancaster-chamber.org.uk

http://www.liverpoolchamber.org.uk

http://www.londonchamber.co.uk

http://www.manchester-tec.co.uk


Newport Isle of Wight Chamber of Commerce http://www.iwchamber.co.uk 30 Pyle Street Newport, England PO30 1JW Tel: 44-198-352-4390 Fax: 44-198-382-1811 Northampton - Northamptonshire Chamber of Commerce http://www.northants-chamber.co.uk Royal Pavilion Summerhouse Road Moulton Park Northampton, England NN3 6BJ Tel: 44-160-467-1200 Fax: 44-160-467-0362 Northern Ireland Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.nicci.co.uk 22 Great Victoria Street Belfast, Northern Ireland BT2 7BJ Tel: 44-1-28-9024-4113 Fax: 44-1-28-9024-7124 Nottingham Chamber of Commerce http://www.nottschamber.co.uk 395, Mansfield Road Nottingham, England NG5 2DL Tel: 44-115-962-4624 Fax: 44-115-960-5981 E-mail: [email protected] Oldham Chamber of Commerce http://www.oldhamchamber.co.uk Meridian Centre King Street Oldham, England OL8 1EZ Tel: 44-161-620-0006 Fax: 44-161-620-0030 Oxfordshire Chamber of Commerce and Industry http://www.oxfordcity.co.uk/coc North Oxford Business Centre 18 Lakesmere Close, Kidlington Oxford, England OX5 1LG Tel: 44-186-530-9588 Fax: 44-186-530-9589


45

http://www.iwchamber.co.uk

http://www.northants-chamber.co.uk

http://www.nicci.co.uk

http://www.nottschamber.co.uk

http://www.oldhamchamber.co.uk

http://www.oxfordcity.co.uk/coc


Oxford Chamber of Commerce http://www.oxfordcity.co.uk/coc New Barclay House 234 Botley Road Oxford, England OX2 0HP Tel: 44-186-579-2020 Fax: 44-186-572-4243 Pembrokeshire Chamber of Commerce http://www.pembrokeshire.org Pier House Pier Road Pembroke Dock Pembroke, Wales SA72 6TR Tel: 44-164-662-2858 Fax: 44-164-662-2585 E-mail: [email protected] Plymouth Chamber of Commerce http://www.plymouth-chamber.co.uk Plymouth, England E-mail: [email protected] Rochdale Borough Chamber of Commerce http://www.rbccte.co.uk Dane Street Rochdale, England OL12 6XB E-mail: [email protected] Rotherham Chamber of Commerce http://www.rotherhamchamber.org.uk Moorgate House Moorgate Road Rotherham, England S60 2E Tel: 44-170-938-6100 Fax: 44-170-936-2519 Sheffield Chamber of Commerce http://www.scci.org.uk Albion House Savile Street Sheffield, England S4 7UD Tel: 44-114-201-8933 Fax: 44-114-272-0372 E-mail: [email protected]


46

http://www.oxfordcity.co.uk/coc

http://www.pembrokeshire.org

http://www.plymouth-chamber.co.uk

http://www.rbccte.co.uk

http://www.rotherhamchamber.org.uk

http://www.scci.org.uk


Slough Thames Valley Chamber of Commerce http://www.thamesvalleychamber.co.uk Slough, England SL1 3SB Tel: 44-175-357-7877 Fax: 44-175-352-4644 E-mail: [email protected] Southampton Chamber of Commerce http://www.soton-chamber.co.uk 53 Bugle Street Southampton, England SO14 2LF Tel: 44-238-022-3541 Fax: 44-238-022-7426 E-mail: [email protected] Telford Shropshire Chamber of Commerce http://www.shropshire-chamber.co.uk Trevithick House Stafford Park 4 Telford, England TF3 3BA Tel: 44-195-220-8200 Fax: 44-195-220-8208 E-mail: [email protected] Walsall East Mercia Chamber of Commerce http://www.em-chamber.co.uk Chamber of Commerce House Ward Street Walsall, England WS1 2AG Tel: 44-192-272-1777 Fax: 44-192-264-7359 E-mail: [email protected] Warrington Chamber of Commerce http://www.warrington-chamber.co.uk International Business Centre Delta Crescent Westbrook Warrington, England WA5 7WQ Tel: 44-192-571-5050 Fax: 44-192-571-5159 E-mail: [email protected]


47

http://www.thamesvalleychamber.co.uk

http://www.soton-chamber.co.uk

http://www.shropshire-chamber.co.uk

http://www.em-chamber.co.uk

http://www.warrington-chamber.co.uk


Worcester-Herefordshire and Worcestershire Chamber of Commerce http://www.hwccte.co.uk Chamber Court Castle Street Worcester, England WR1 3ZQ Tel: 44-180-010-4010 Fax: 44-190-561-6463 York & North Yorkshire Chamber of Commerce http://www.york.chamber.co.uk 1st Floor, 20 George Hudson Street York, England YO1 6WR Tel: 44-190-462-9513 Fax: 44-190-463-0985 E-mail: [email protected] TELEPHONE DIRECTORIES British Telecom http://www.bt.com/directory-enquiries/dq_home.jsp British Telecommunications is the United Kingdom’s leading source for local, long-distance, and international communications services; mobile communications; and Internet solutions. This website is an excellent directory of telephone numbers in the United Kingdom. Electronic Yellow Pages http://www.yell.com Yell is a new company that has been created from the Yellow Pages business in the United Kingdom and Yellow Book in the United States. Yell lists more than a million companies and may be searched by company name, type, or location. Yell also has a program called Talking Pages, which is a telephone service that provides users with direct access to businesses in the United Kingdom. The business database provides listing information and direct mail listings for UK businesses. The British Telephone Directory The British Telephone Directory includes both white and yellow pages. The directory’s white pages are listed in alphabetical order. The directory’s yellow pages list companies under their category headings (i.e., Internet providers). Many of the headings are cross-referenced to make finding the right one easier. Electronic Maps http://www.streetmap.com and http://www.multimap.com These two websites are useful when trying to locate an area or a street. Streetmap.com allows one to type in the name of a street or postcode throughout the United Kingdom and it will locate it. It is then possible to manipulate the map around that point. Multimap.com makes identifying a suburb or area within the United Kingdom easy.


48

http://www.hwccte.co.uk

http://www.york.chamber.co.uk

http://www.bt.com/directory-enquiries/dq_home.jsp

http://www.yell.com

http://www.streetmap.com

http://www.multimap.com


Business Directories Trade Association Forum (TAF) http://www.martex.co.uk/taf/index.htm The TAF provides a directory of British industries and trade associations, which may be searched by company name or by sector. The TAF directory provides contact information and links to industry and association websites. Trade Association Forum Center Point 103 New Oxford Street London, England WC1A 1DU Tel: 44-207-395-8284 Fax: 44-207-836-5856 UK Equities Direct http://www.hemscott.com/EQUITIES/INDEX.HTM The UK Equities Direct provides information on publicly traded British companies. Users may search for information by company name and/or sector. The information provided includes address, sales, profit, business lines, officers, and annual reports. Hemmington Scott provides the information for UK Equities Direct. UK Equities Direct Hemscott.NET Ltd. 2nd Floor Finsbury Tower 103-105 Bunhill Row London, England EC1Y 8TY Tel: 44-207-496-0055 Fax: 44-207-847-1719 MAJOR TRADE PUBLICATIONS OECD Economic Surveys http://www.oecd.org The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development is a group of thirty member countries who share a commitment to democratic government and the market economy. Best known for its publications and its statistics, its work covers economic and social issues from macroeconomics to trade, education, development, and science and innovation. Research reports, conventions, working papers, country surveys, and statistics spanning the spectrum of socioeconomics are available. More than 4,000 publications are in print, more than twenty-five statistical databases are on CD-ROM, and all are available online from January of 1998 onwards.


49

http://www.martex.co.uk/taf/index.htm

http://www.hemscott.com/EQUITIES/INDEX.HTM

http://www.oecd.org


United Kingdom Country Review http://www.CountryWatch.com This website provides economic, social, investment, and environmental overviews of the United Kingdom along with news articles, ideas for the traveler, and other key data. It is possible to subscribe to this website and gain access to the premium information. Contact CountryWatch for more information. Major Companies of Europe, United Kingdom, Edition 21, Volume 6 http://www.galegroup.com Published by the Gale Group in 2001, this publication “provides current and comprehensive information on more than 24,000 of Europe’s largest companies, including the names of 194,000 senior executives.” Publisher: Gale Group, Inc. Cost: 370 USD United Kingdom Business and Investment Opportunities Yearbook Author: International Business Publications Staff Publisher: International Business Publication, USA (March 2001) United Kingdom Business Opportunity Authors: Global Investment & Business Center, Inc. Staff Publisher: International Business Publications, USA (February 2000) OTHER RESOURCES Networking Organizations Listed below are a selection of private members’ clubs. In order to become a member, one usually has to be referred by a current member. An annual subscription is payable in return for the services that the club offers. The Sloane Club of London http://www.sloaneclub.co.uk Club membership is exclusive and access is limited to members, their guests and members of affiliated clubs worldwide. The Sloane Club of London 52 Lower Sloane Street London, England SW1W 8BS Tel: 44-20-7730-9131 Fax: 44-20-7730-6146 E-mail: [email protected]


50

http://www.CountryWatch.com

http://www.galegroup.com

http://www.sloaneclub.co.uk


Wig and Pen Club http://www.online-law.co.uk/solicitor/wig_pen/main.html The Wig and Pen Club is open to lawyers, journalists, and other professionals. This website provides information about the requirements for membership. For rates, contact the club directly. The Wig and Pen Club 229/230 Strand London, England WC2 Tel: 44-171-353-6864 Fax: 44-171-583-7255 The New Club http://www.newclub.co.uk The New Club is a private members’ club in the heart of Edinburgh. Little information regarding membership joining and renewal fees are available on this website. Contact the club directly. The New Club 86 Princes Street Edinburgh, Scotland EH2 2BB Tel: 44-131-226-4881 Fax: 44-131-225-9649 E-mail: [email protected] The Royal Scottish Automobile Club (RSAC) http://www.rsac.co.uk/ The RSAC is a private members’ club. This website provides information on how to join and the benefits afforded to members. There is a complicated fee structure which begins at around 300 GBP (468.85 USD). The Royal Scottish Automobile Club 11 Blythswood Square Glasgow, Scotland G24AG Tel: 44-141-221-3850 Fax: 44-141-221-3805 City Women’s Network (CWN) http://www.networking-cwn.co.uk CWN is an organization for professional women who work at senior manager or director level, or who run their own company. In order to qualify as a member of CWN one should be able to demonstrate at least five years of senior management experience or alternatively seven years of senior professional experience. Membership is by application once this requirement has been fulfilled.


51

http://www.online-law.co.uk/solicitor/wig_pen/main.html

http://www.newclub.co.uk

http://www.rsac.co.uk/

http://www.networking-cwn.co.uk


CWN Post Office Box 353 Uxbridge UB10 0UN Tel: 44-1895-272-178 Fax: 44-1895-272-178 American Women’s Clubs throughout the United Kingdom: Federation of American Women’s Clubs Overseas (FAWCO) http://www.fawco.org FAWCO is an “international network of 76 independent clubs with a combined membership of more than 17,000 women in 34 countries worldwide. It serves as a support network for American women living and working abroad and is particularly active in the fields of U.S. citizens’ concerns, education, environmental protection, and women’s and children’s rights.” This website details the location of all the clubs throughout the world including Britain and Ireland. Below are the details of the clubs throughout the United Kingdom that are members of FAWCO. North American Connection (NAC) http://www.naconnect.com The NAC is a non-profit organization committed to the support of North Americans living in England. Membership is open to citizens/spouses of the North American Continent residing in or relocating to England and Wales. The area served by the club includes both the West and East Midlands. North American Connection 473 Stratford Road, Shirley West Midlands Solihull, England B90 4AD Tel: 44-121-733-5096 Fax: 44-121-733-6001 E-mail: [email protected] American Women’s Club of London http://www.awclondon.org Founded in 1899, the club provides social, cultural, educational, and philanthropic activities for members living in London. American Women’s Club of London 68 Old Brompton Road London, England SW7 3LQ Tel: 44-207-589-8292 Fax: 44-207-823-9006 E-mail: [email protected]


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http://www.fawco.org

http://www.naconnect.com

http://www.awclondon.org


American Women of Berkshire & Surrey http://www.awbs.org.uk Post Office Box 10 Virginia Water, England GU25 4YP Tel: 44-019-326-90343 Chilterns American Women’s Club http://cawc.freeservers.com Post Office Box 445, Gerrards Cross GB-Bucks SL9 8YU E-mail: [email protected] American Women Of Surrey http://www.awsurrey.org Post Office Box 170 Cobham, England KT11 22YJ Tel: 44-142-690-4307 Fax: 44-142-690-4307


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http://www.awbs.org.uk

http://cawc.freeservers.com

http://www.awsurrey.org


EMBASSY LISTINGS Algerian Embassy http://www.personal.u-net.com 6, Hyde Park Gate London, England SW7 5EW Tel: 44-207-589-6885 Fax: 44-207-589-7725 E-mail: [email protected] American Consulate General - Belfast, Northern Ireland Consul General in Belfast: Jane Fort Queens House, Queens Street Belfast, Northern Ireland BT1 6EQ Tel: 44-289-032-8239 Fax: 44-289-024-8482 American Consulate General - Edinburgh, Scotland Consul General in Edinburgh: Liane Dorsey 3 Regent Terrace Edinburgh, Scotland EH7 5BW Tel: 44-131-556-8315 Fax: 44-131-557-6023 American Embassy http://www.usembassy.org.uk 24 Grosvenor Square London, England W1A 1AE Tel: 44-207-499-9000 Antigua & Barbuda Embassy http://www.antigua-barbuda.com/body_home.html 15 Thayer Street London, England W1U 3JT Tel: 44-207-486-7073 / 44-207-486-7075 Fax: 44-207-486-9970 Argentine Embassy http://www.argentine-embassy-uk.org Kingdom-65 Brook Street London, England W1 K 4AH Tel: 44-207-318-1300 Fax: 44-207-318-1301


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http://www.personal.u-net.com

http://www.usembassy.org.uk

http://www.antigua-barbuda.com/body_home.html

http://www.argentine-embassy-uk.org


Austrian Embassy in London http://www.bmaa.gv.at/embassy/uk 18 Belgrave Mews West London, England SW1X 8HU Tel: 44-207-235-3731 Fax: 44-207-344-0292 Australian High Commission in London http://www.australia.org.uk/welcome/html/index.html Strand London, England WC2B 4LA Tel: 44-207-379-4334 / 44-207-887-5776 Fax: 44-207-240-5333 E-mail: [email protected] Belgian Embassy 103 Eaton Square London, England SW1W 9AB Tel: 44-207-470-3700 Fax: 44-207-259-6213 E-mail: [email protected] Brazilian Embassy http://www.brazil.org.uk 32, Green Street London, England W1K 7AT Tel: 44-207-399-9000 Fax: 44-207-399-9100 E-mail: [email protected] Canadian High Commission http://www.canada.org.uk 38 Grosvenor Street London, England W1K 4AB Tel: 44-207-258-6600 Fax: 44-207-258-6333 E-mail: [email protected] Chinese Embassy http://www.chinese-embassy.org.uk 49 Porland Place London, England W1B 1JL Tel: 44-207-299-4049 Egyptian Embassy 26 South Street London, England W1Y 6DD Tel: 44-171-499-2401 Ethiopian Embassy


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http://www.bmaa.gv.at/embassy/uk

http://www.australia.org.uk/welcome/html/index.html

http://www.brazil.org.uk

http://www.canada.org.uk

http://www.chinese-embassy.org.uk


http://www.ethioembassy.org.uk 17 Princess Gate London, England SW7 1PZ Tel: 44-207-589-7212 Fax: 44-207-584-7054 E-mail: [email protected] Finnish Embassy http://www.finemb.org.uk/ 38 Chesham Place London, England SW1X 8HW Tel: 44-207-838-6200 Fax: 44-207-235-3680 E-mail: [email protected] French Embassy http://www.ambafrance.org.uk 58, Knightsbridge London, England SW1X 7JT Tel: 44-207-073-1200 Fax: 44-207-073-1201 German Embassy http://www.german-embassy.org.uk/ 23 Belgrave Square London, England SW1X 8PZ Tel: 44-207-824-1300 Fax: 44-207-824-1435 E-mail: [email protected] Hungarian Embassy http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/huemblon/front.htm 35 Eaton Place London, England SW1X 8BY Tel: 44-207-235-5218 Fax: 44-207-823-1348 Indian Embassy http://www.hcilondon.org/hcilocat.htm India House Aldwych London, England WC2B 4NA Tel: 44-207-836-8484 Iranian Embassy http://www.iran-embassy.org.uk 16 Prince’s Gate London, England SW7 1PT Tel: 44-207-225-3000 Fax: 44-207-589-4440


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http://www.ethioembassy.org.uk

http://www.finemb.org.uk/

http://www.ambafrance.org.uk

http://www.german-embassy.org.uk/

http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/huemblon/front.htm

http://www.hcilondon.org/hcilocat.htm

http://www.iran-embassy.org.uk


E-mail: [email protected] Israeli Embassy 2 Palace Green London, England W8 4QB Tel: 44-207-957-9500 Fax: 44-207-957-9555 E-mail: [email protected] Italian Embassy http://www.embitaly.org.uk/ 14 Three Kings Yard London London, England W1Y 2EH Tel: 44-207-312-2200 Fax: 44-207-312-2283 E-mail: [email protected] Jamaican High Commission http://www.jhcuk.com 1-2 Prince Consort Road London, England SW7 2BZ Tel: 44-171-823-9911 Fax: 44-171-589-5154 E-mail: [email protected] Japanese Embassy http://www.uk.emb-japan.go.jp 101-104 Piccadilly London, England W1J 7JT Tel: 44-207-465-6500 Fax: 44-207-491-9347 Jordanian Embassy http://www.jordanembassyuk.org 6 Upper Phillimore Gardens London, England W8 7HB Tel: 44-207-937-3685 Fax: 44-207-937-8795 E-mail: [email protected] Kyrgyz Embassy http://www.kyrgyz-embassy.org.uk 119 Crawford Street London, England W1H 1AF Tel: 44-171-935-1462 Fax: 44-171-935-7449 E-mail: [email protected] Lithuanian Embassy http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~lralon


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http://www.embitaly.org.uk/

http://www.jhcuk.com

http://www.uk.emb-japan.go.jp

http://www.jordanembassyuk.org

http://www.kyrgyz-embassy.org.uk

http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~lralon


84 Gloucester Place London, England W1U 6AU Tel: 44-207-486-6401 Fax: 44-207-486-6403 Mexican Embassy http://www.embamex.co.uk 42 Hertford Street London, England W1J 7JR Tel: 44-207-499-8586 E-mail: [email protected] Nigerian Embassy http://www.nigeriahighcommissionuk.com No 9 Northumberland Avenue London, England WC2N 5BX Tel: 44-207-839-1244 Fax:44-207-839-8746 Peruvian Embassy http://homepages.which.net/~peru-embassy-uk 52 Sloane Street London, England SW1X 9SP Tel: 44-207-235-1917 Fax: 44-207-235-4463 E-mail: [email protected] Philippines Embassy http://www.microtron.net/philemb/index.shtml 9A Palace Green London, England W8 4QE Tel: 44-207-937-1600 Fax: 44-207-937-2925 Royal Netherlands Embassy http://www.netherlands-embassy.org.uk 38, Hyde Park Gate London, England SW7 5DP Tel: 44-207-590-3200 Fax: 44-207-225-0947 Royal Norwegian Embassy http://www.norway.org.uk 25 Belgrave Square London, England SW1X 8QD Tel: 44-207-591-5500 Fax: 44-207-245-6993 Russian Federation Embassy http://www.russialink.org.uk/embassy/index.htm


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http://www.embamex.co.uk

http://www.nigeriahighcommissionuk.com

http://homepages.which.net/~peru-embassy-uk

http://www.microtron.net/philemb/index.shtml

http://www.netherlands-embassy.org.uk

http://www.norway.org.uk

http://www.russialink.org.uk/embassy/index.htm


5 Kensington Palace Gardens London, England W8 4QS Tel: 44-207-229-8027 Fax: 44-207-727-3215 Saudi Arabian Embassy http://www.saudiembassy.org.uk/index2.htm 30 Charles Street London, England SW1X 8SB Tel: 44-207-917-3000 E-mail: [email protected] Singapore Embassy http://www.mfa.gov.sg/london Singapore High Commission in London Chancery 9 Wilton Crescent, Belgravia London, England SW1X 8SP Tel: 44-207-235-8315 Fax: 44-207-245-6583 E-mail: [email protected] Slovakian Embassy http://www.slovakembassy.co.uk 25 Kensington Palace Gardens London, England W8 4QY Tel: 44-207-313-6470 / 44-207-243-0803 Fax: 44-207-313-6481 E-mail: [email protected] Spanish Embassy http://www.cec-spain.org.uk/ 20 Draycott Place London, England SW3 2RZ Tel: 44-207-589-8989 Fax: 44-207-581-7888 E-mail: [email protected] Sri Lanka Embassy 13 Hyde Park Gardens London, England W2 2LU Tel: 44-171-262-1841 to 6 Fax: 44-171-262-7970 E-mail: [email protected] Swedish Embassy http://www.swedish-embassy.org.uk 11 Montagu Place London, England W1H 2AL Tel: 44-207-917-6400


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http://www.saudiembassy.org.uk/index2.htm

http://www.mfa.gov.sg/london

http://www.slovakembassy.co.uk

http://www.cec-spain.org.uk/

http://www.swedish-embassy.org.uk


Fax: 44-207-917-6475 E-mail: [email protected] Tanzanian Embassy http://www.tanzania-online.gov.uk The Tanzania High Commission 43 Hertford Street London, England W1Y 7DB Tel: 44-207-499-8951 Fax: 44-207-491-9321 E-mail: [email protected] Turkish Embassy http://www.turkishembassy-london.com 43 Belgrave Square London, England SW1X 8PA Tel: 44-207-393-0202 Fax: 44-207393-0066 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Embassy in Washington D.C. http://www.britainusa.com 3100 Massachusetts Avenue, Northwest Washington, District of Columbia 20008 United States of America Tel: 1 (202) 588-6500 Fax: 1 (202) 588-7870 Venezuelan Embassy http://www.venzlon.demon.co.uk 58 Grafton Way London, England W1T 5DL Tel: 44-207-387-6727 Fax: 44-207-383-4857


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http://www.tanzania-online.gov.uk

http://www.turkishembassy-london.com

http://www.britainusa.com

http://www.venzlon.demon.co.uk


FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS Cost of Living Although the United Kingdom, and London in particular, is expensive, do not be put off, as earnings tend to match living costs. The following figures aim to provide a rough guide to the cost of living in London. However, note that these costs drop significantly if you live outside the capital. Salary Examples of salaries include:

Area sales manager, scientific laboratory equipment: 25,000 GBP - 45,000 GBP (39,912 USD - 71,123 USD) Web developer in London: 35,000 GBP (55,318 USD) Tax professional: 60,000 GBP - 80,000 GBP (94,830 USD - 126,440 USD) Bank branch manager in Scotland: 25,000 GBP (39,912 USD) Project planning engineer in London: 40,000 GBP - 45,000 GBP (63,220 USD - 71,123 USD)

However, location makes a big difference. That same bank branch manager’s job in Scotland would have half the salary in Wales, but would be relatively the same in Birmingham, England. Housing A one-bedroom flat to rent starts at 200 GBP (316 USD) a week. The further outside of London you are willing to live, the cheaper it gets. Most homes are rented through estate agents, who might also act as the property manager, but you can also find rental houses through the local papers. Before signing the contract, the estate agent will ask for references from a bank, employer, and previous landlord. You will save time if the agency goes through a credit agency that will check these records. Lease periods are generally six months or a year. The normal deposit is one- or two-months rent. Transportation The underground is the easiest way to travel around London, with a price of 4.50 GBP (7.11 USD) for a one-day travel card for Zones 1 through 4 if traveling after 9:30 a.m. Buses and coaches are good cheap alternatives, too, both inside the city and in other major towns. Despite recent rail problems, the rail network in the United Kingdom is still the quickest and most convenient way to travel. Again, avoid traveling before 9.30 a.m. to avoid being charged almost double for peak-hour travel (before 9:30 a.m. on weekdays). Also, pre-booked tickets bought a few days before traveling can be cheaper. Taxis are plentiful in major cities, especially London, but less so in other regional centers.


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Groceries Bread, 1kg 0.94 GBP (1.49 USD) Butter, 500g 1.69 GBP (2.67 USD)

Milk, 1 liter 0.70 GBP (1.11 USD) Eggs, dozen 2.40 GBP (3.79 USD)

Pork, loin 1 kg 2.50 GBP (3.95 USD) A tip of about 10 percent is generally expected if you are eating at a restaurant, but in many cases, restaurants will automatically include a gratuity on the bill. Medical Care and Health Insurance Workers’ medical benefits include medical services provided by doctors and dentists under contract with and directly by National Health Service, and by public hospitals. This includes general practitioner care, specialist services, hospitalization, maternity care, dental care, medicines, home nursing, and family planning. Patients pay 80 percent of the cost of any dental work up to 360 GBP (569 USD). Patients pay 6.10 (9.64 USD) for each prescription. Dependents’ medical benefits are the same as for the head of the family. Maternity leave is dependent on the duration of service. The law requires up to 14 weeks of statutory leave for less than 26 weeks of service, 26 weeks of statutory enhanced leave for between 26 weeks and 2 years of service, and standard leave of up to 40 weeks for more than 2 years of service. A new mother is prohibited from working for 2 weeks after childbirth. Men often receive 1 week of paternity leave, although some of the benefits of maternity leave are now being passed on to them, as well. Hours of Work General offices are usually open, Monday to Friday, from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Banking hours are, Monday to Friday, from 9:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m., with Saturday morning openings in some locations. Government offices are open, Monday to Friday, from 9:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Retail shops use, Monday to Friday, from 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. There are slightly shorter hours on the weekend. Employees cannot work longer than forty-eight hours per week (including overtime). Set breaks vary according to workplace. Vacation and Leave For the first three months of employment, a company is not legally obliged to offer time off (paid or unpaid) although if the need arises most will not refuse. Most UK employees receive between twenty to twenty-five days of holiday each year, which must be booked in advance through a line manager or head of department. However, there is often a sliding scale with holidays, starting in the first year at four weeks rising to twelve weeks, with an additional week for each year of service after five years of employment. With some exceptions, a period of ten consecutive days is the maximum that may be taken at one time, and one-week holidays and extended weekends are becoming popular. National holidays are generally called bank holidays, because banks are


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usually closed on that day. Most government offices and businesses are also closed on these days. There are eight bank holidays. When a holiday falls on a Sunday or Saturday, the following Monday will become a bank holiday. Scotland substitutes January 2 and the first Monday in August in place of Easter Monday and the last Monday in May. Northern Ireland adds St. Patrick’s Day (May 17th) and Orangeman’s Day (July 12th). Taxes The employer will take care of deducting income tax from paychecks. Currently, income tax, collected by the Inland Revenue, is around 10 percent for the first 1,920 GBP (3,035 USD) and 22 percent for income between 1,920 GBP and 29,900 GBP (3,035 USD and 47,257 USD). Beyond that amount the tax is 40 percent. Do not expect an employer to offer health insurance since there is a free National Health Service. When health insurance is offered it is considered a taxable benefit. The tax year is from April 6 to April 5. The National Council tax pays for education, the fire department, police, libraries, etc. The local council sends a pamphlet every year detailing the local budget. A person’s house value determines the amount of tax paid. Every house has a “band” allocated to it. The bands A to H are the same all over the country. However, the amounts that relate to each band may differ because each council can set its own level of tax. There is one bill per dwelling whether it is a house, bungalow, or flat, rented or owned. It does not matter what the family income is. There are discounts possible if the family income is very low or if there are students at home, handicapped people, one-person households, or if it is a secondary home. There is an annual tax that covers all the televisions in the house. Road tax is the same amount for every car. It does not matter what the engine size is or how much power the car has. The VAT is 17.5 percent on most goods. However, essential items such as food, children’s clothing, books, and newspapers are not taxed. Capital gains taxes can be on anything from the sale of a home to the sale of antiques. Gains are paid at income tax rates (10 percent, 20 percent, and 40 percent) depending on the aggregate of earned income and capital appreciation. Social Security The United Kingdom has a dual social insurance and social assistance system for old age, disability, and death benefits. The Basic State Retirement Pension (flat rate) and State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) provide coverage. There are compulsory contributions for employed persons earning 72 GBP (114 USD) a week or more. The employer or employee may contract out of SERPS according to specified Basic State Retirement Pension (flat rate) only. There are compulsory contributions for self-employed persons with net annual income of 3,995 GBP (6,314 USD) or more and voluntary contributions payable by non-employed persons, employed persons earning below 72 GBP (114 USD) per week, and self-employed persons with annual net income below 3,955 GBP (6,314 USD).


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Pension To qualify for an old-age pension, men must be age 65 and women 60 (gradually rising to 65 over the period between 2010 and 2020). Currently, those who receive a pension receive between 66.75 GBP and 131.22 GBP (105.50 USD and 207.39 USD) per week depending upon their previous salary. Dependents’ supplements are 43.40 GBP (68.59 USD) a week for a dependent adult, 9.70 GBP (15.33 USD) for the first child for which a child benefit is paid, and 11.35 GBP (17.94 USD) for each other child. As of 2001, a single pensioner earns 92.15 GBP (144.02 USD) a week depending on age, minus the amount of other pensions and income; a pensioner couple receives 140.55 GBP (219.65 USD) a week depending on age, minus the amount of other pensions and income. One must have paid (or be treated as having paid, e.g., while unemployed) Class 1 National Insurance contributions for 90 percent of an assumed 49-year working life (the period beginning at the start of the tax year in which one turns 16 years of age, and ending at the end of the tax year when one becomes 64). If someone does not qualify, he or she may get a reduced pension on a sliding scale according to contributions paid. Expats may be given credit for payments made to other countries’ schemes while overseas. Special acknowledgement is given to Information International Associates, Inc. (http://www.infointl.com) for their research contribution to the information found in this section.


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http://www.infointl.com


WORK PERMITS AND VISAS European Economic Area (EEA) country nationals have the right to live and work in the United Kingdom without obtaining any further entry clearance. The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union, and all residents of European member countries are eligible to work within the United Kingdom. Similarly, individuals who are married to such nationals also have that right, provided they are coming to the United Kingdom with their spouse. Beginning in June of 2002, citizens of Switzerland no longer need work permits to work in the United Kingdom. This is a result of bilateral agreements between the European Community and Switzerland. These agreements give Swiss citizens the same rights as EEA citizens. Residents of Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Canada, and Malaysia are also eligible to obtain a working holiday visa in the United Kingdom. The UK working holiday visa scheme allows individuals who are 27 years of age and under to work and live in the United Kingdom for up to two years. This visa allows the job seeker to work incidentally to his or her travels, and enables him or her to accept temporary and contract work. Residents of Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Canada, and Malaysia are eligible to obtain an ancestry or spousal visa for the United Kingdom if they have a grandparent or parent who holds a British passport. This allows them temporary residency in the United Kingdom for a period of four years, during which time they are permitted to work on a temporary or permanent basis. The spouse of someone who has an ancestry visa is also eligible to apply for this type of visa. Those who do not fall into the categories above and who wish to work in the United Kingdom need work permits. Applications for work permits are handled by the Overseas Labor Service, a part of the Department of Education and Employment, and must be applied for by the employer while the employee is outside the country. Obtaining Work Permits Work permits can be granted on a number of different bases. Full work permits are usually granted only to individuals with high-level skills, qualifications, and experience, where there is a genuine vacancy and no resident workers are available. This means that the application must fall within one of the Tier One categories, with evidence of the unavailability of resident workers, usually produced by unsuccessful advertising in the national media. Tier One categories include the following:

Intra-company transfers, where an employee is moving within a group of companies and has been working for at least six months overseas before the application is made. Career development permit, which is valid for up to thirty-six months. Board-level posts, and posts that are necessary to secure substantial inward investment—usually at least 250,000 GBP (390,700 USD)—which would not otherwise be brought into the United Kingdom.


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Other occupations that fall into the Tier One category, where there are recognized shortages of suitably qualified people, such as in IT, where employers do not need to fulfill the advertising requirements.

Non-European Economic Area students can now work in the United Kingdom without a permit. Since June of 1999, international students over the age of 16 who are not nationals of an EEA country, and who have in their passports a stamp prohibiting them from working “without the consent of the Secretary of State,” are no longer required while studying in the United Kingdom to obtain permission on an individual basis. This means that they no longer have to apply to their local job center or to Work Permits (UK) in order to take spare time and vacation work, undertake a work placement with an employer as part of their course of study (“sandwich students”), or undertake an internship placement, provided the criteria set out below are met. There is no change to the conditions applying to the hours and types of spare time and vacation work that students may undertake. These are as follows:

Work for no more than twenty hours per week during term time, except where the placement is a necessary part of their studies and is undertaken with the education institution’s agreement; No engagement in business, self employment, or provision of services as a professional sports person or entertainer; and No pursuit of a career by filling a permanent full-time vacancy.

On November 1, 2001, a new category of work permit was introduced: the Multiple Entry Work Permit. (MEWP). The MEWP has been introduced in an effort to stymie those individuals who are abusing the business visit rules. The new category would typically apply to a businessperson entering the United Kingdom regularly to oversee or manage the UK operations of a multinational company. The MEWP is issued for a minimum of 6 months and a maximum of 24 months, and cannot be extended. If an individual’s employment exceeds 24 months, a fresh application must be made. For information about work permits and other related immigration matters contact the following: Home Office, Immigration and Nationality Directorate http://www.ind.homeoffice.gov.uk For immigration inquiries: Immigration and Nationality Directorate Lunar House 40, Wellesley Road Croydon, England CR9 2BY Tel: 44-870-606-7766


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http://www.ind.homeoffice.gov.uk


For nationality general inquiries or leaflets, contact: Home Office Immigration & Nationality Directorate 3rd Floor India Buildings Water Street Liverpool, England L2 0QN Tel: 44-151-237-5200 You may also be required to obtain a visa before entering the United Kingdom. For information about this, contact: Foreign and Commonwealth Office http://visa.fco.gov.uk/ The quickest and easiest way to find out about the immigration rules is to visit this website. It is strongly recommended that one look at the Staying in the UK or Applying for British Nationality pages before contacting the office. This website also gives answers to the most frequently asked questions. If you still need to speak to someone, use one of the telephone numbers below. Generally, any application for a stay in the United Kingdom lasting more than six months that is refused carries the right of appeal. Details of appellant rights are given with refusal notices. Appellants have twenty-eight working days from the date they, or their representative, receive the refusal to make their appeal to the British mission at which they were refused. Once an appeal is received, applications are reconsidered. If unsuccessful at this point, the appeal will be sent to the home office for forwarding to the Immigration Appellate Authority (IAA, http://www.iaa.gov.uk). The IAA arranges appeal hearings that are heard by Independent Adjudicators. Immigration Appellate Authority The Customer Service Team The Loughborough Support Centre Post Office Box 6021 Loughborough, England LE11 2YT Tel: 44-845-600-0877 Fax: 44-150-922-1444 Immigration Advisory Service (IAS) http://www.iasuk.org The IAS is an independent charity that gives free and confidential advice, assistance, and representation to persons who are applying for an entry clearance to the United Kingdom.


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http://visa.fco.gov.uk/

http://www.iaa.gov.uk

http://www.iasuk.org


County House 190 Great Dover Street London, England SE1 4YB Tel: 44-207-357-7511 Fax: 44-207-403-5875 E-mail: [email protected] Customs and Excise http://www.hmce.gov.uk/ Contact Customs and Excise for advice on importing personal effects and goods into the United Kingdom. HM Customs and Excise 6th Floor Dorset House Stamford Street London, England SE1 9PY Tel: 44-208-929-0152


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http://www.hmce.gov.uk/


JOB APPLICATION GUIDELINES RÉSUMÉ / CV GUIDELINES AND SAMPLE There is no right or wrong format or style for résumés. Typically, however, a CV should be approximately two to three pages long with work experience listed in reverse chronological order, starting with your most recent experience at the top. It is acceptable to provide a longer CV if you want to; just be sure to keep the document focused and succinct. The majority of younger professionals and new graduates should limit their documents to two pages. When applying for a job, attempt to match your CV as closely as possible to the ideal candidate. Do this by customizing the document to suit each particular position. If you wish, you can include a photo with your CV, although it is not encouraged and not customary to do so as in other parts of Europe. Begin a CV with personal details, which should include your name, address, telephone number, and e-mail address, along with nationality, age, and marital status. It is not compulsory to include your date of birth, but employers may become frustrated if this piece of information is omitted. Profile It is useful to formulate a paragraph that provides a descriptive overview or professional profile. Keep it to two or three sentences long. Work Experience When talking about your work experience, clearly state the name of the organization, the job position held, and the duration. If necessary, add a sentence underneath that describes the company, if it is unknown or unusual. It is then customary to list, in bulleted form, key achievements and key responsibilities. Of particular interest are things like the size of the teams you have managed, the budget you have controlled, cost savings, turnarounds, and any projects that you designed, managed, or implemented. It is not necessary to include your reasons for leaving a job unless the job was only held for a short period of time (less than six months). It is always helpful to include a current salary. Ideally, all jobs held since graduation should be included. Education and Qualifications List educational achievements in reverse chronological order. The educational history section should give details of the job seeker’s education to date. Include names and dates of the schools, colleges, and universities attended, with the exams and grades achieved. It is not necessary to include a complete list of exam results, but relevant projects and dissertations should be listed. Be sure to include secondary education, listing both the subject and the grade attained. It is advisable to include partially completed courses, particularly degrees, as withholding this information can look like there is something to hide.


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Other Qualifications and References This section illustrates qualities and skills that you have developed over the years. For certain professions, specialist skills (such as proficiency with computer software packages or typing speeds) should be highlighted. Other things that an employer might find useful, such as IT skills, a clean driving license, language skills, and ongoing training, should also be listed. Include any interests, hobbies, travel, and sports experience. Other activities that do not fit into any of the above categories should also be included. It is not necessary to include references. If an employer would like to take a reference, it is common practice to speak to the candidate first. If you wish, you can state at the end of the CV that your references are available on request


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Résumé / CV Sample

JO BLOGGS Address: 10 Fieldhouse Lane, London, England, W14 7GD Tel: (0) 20 7654 321 Mobile: (0) 7777 23456 E-mail: [email protected] Date of birth: 7th December 1974 Marital Status: Married with 2 children Nationality: British PROFILE A dynamic chartered accountant, experienced in financial management, with excellent interpersonal and communications skills. A specialist in several disciplines including taxation, cost efficiency, and training. A confident team leader and decision maker, with the ability to handle large budgets. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY Beyond Publishing, London March 1998 to date Privately owned publishing company with a turnover of £50m UK Finance Director Responsible for the financial management and systems of all franchise operations and publishing activities in the UK. Responsibilities include:

Preparation of monthly and quarterly group accounts and subsequent reporting and analysis Developing cost strategies for staff recruitment, training, and development Effectively managing a staff of 60 Budgets, forecasts, and treasury management

CenterPlan, Birmingham April 1995 - February 1998 Major health and beauty retailer with more than 700 stores within the UK Financial Controller

Reported to the Finance Director Managed a team with responsibility for planning preparation, presentation of annual budget, stock control, and year-end reporting New business development; the team provided analytical and business support for all new business activities

Accountants Etc, London July 1989 - March 1993 One of the UK’s largest producers of books, magazines and financial documents Financial Analyst


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Consultant on financial development and implementation in small businesses Cashing In, Oxford Aug 1993 - February 1995 A small management consultancy Junior Auditor Worked on more than twenty major audits, focusing on tax and joint ventures while progressing from graduate trainee to supervisor and also fulfilling professional qualification requirements EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATIONS 2000 MBA, Cranfield School of Management 1995 Member of the Chartered Accountants, England and Wales (First time passes) 1989–1992 Bachelor of Arts (hons) Psychology and Management 2(i) University of Manchester 1981–1988 Lancing College, Lancing, West Sussex A levels: English (A), French (B), German (A) OTHER SKILLS Experienced in a number of accounting packages, including Sage and Pegasus. Also competent with word processing, presentation, spreadsheet, and database packages, including Excel, Word, Lotus 1-2-3, and PowerPoint. INTERESTS Kickboxing, tennis, and cycling. I also sit on the board of London Connection, a homeless day center.


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INTERVIEWING ADVICE If asked for an interview, it is important to do some homework. It is advantageous to research the company, its history, and its future plans thoroughly in preparation for the meeting to make a good impression on the interviewer. This information is easily accessible through websites and press clips. Interviewees should be on time and be dressed appropriately. Men generally wear business suits in the traditional black, blue, or gray. Shirts of good quality (plain or striped) should be worn. Dress shirts in the United Kingdom usually do not have pockets. If they do have pockets, they should remain empty. Ties should be tasteful, but avoid stripes so as not to be confused with a “regimental” institution. Shoes should be black and well-polished. Women generally wear conservative skirt suits or dresses. Women’s suits are usually more colorful than the men’s, but they should not attract attention. Accessories should be simple. Smart-casual dress is usually accepted for a “dot.com” interview. English is widely used in the United Kingdom. Interpreters are only used if a person cannot speak the English language. The British culture is quite formal. The Britons are quite comfortable working in a hierarchical bureaucratic organization. In a business setting, it is important to shake hands before and after the interview. Women do not necessarily shake hands, but it is appropriate if the woman extends her hand first. It should be noted that Britons like their personal space and, therefore, it is best to avoid body contact and to maintain a wide distance during conversation. Emotional displays and gestures are also discouraged. Business cards are not usually exchanged, unless a person has an unusual name. Professional titles are rarely known, with the exception of the military. These titles are still important and should be used. Otherwise, it is acceptable to use courtesy titles, such as “Mr.,” “Mrs.,” and “Miss” plus the person’s last name. One should always wait for permission to address someone by his or her first name. It is appropriate to say, “How do you do?” or “Pleased to meet you.” during introductions. Britons pride themselves on their loyalty and integrity and appreciate directness. However, one should not be too loud or boisterous when talking. One should also avoid excessive hand gestures when talking. Direct eye contact, however, is customary, but one should be careful not to stare. Ready-written references from past employers, if available, are appropriately presented at the end of the interview. If the job application is unsuccessful, it is acceptable to follow up with a phone call to ask why. Any feedback is useful for future interviews. All business invitations should be followed up with a written “thank you” letter. Remember to keep all written correspondence formal.


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CULTURAL ADVICE If you can, avoid initiating new business during the high summer, from late June onward through the end of August, as this is traditionally vacation (holiday) time. Daily Office Protocols In general, the business day is usually more carefully defined in Britain: it begins at 9:00 a.m. and ends at 5:00 p.m., with senior managers perhaps staying in their offices until 6:00 p.m. or so. It is not uncommon to socialize in the local or nearby pub after the workday with your office colleagues, for an hour or more. The pub is a place to wind down, where ceremony and differentials in rank disappear. When first arriving in the office, greet each individual you know with a “good morning,” but there is no need to shake hands. Shake hands with someone new in the office when you meet, but there is no need to greet or shake hands again with anyone you have previously greeted in the course of a business day. Women and men of equal rank generally are treated equally. It is important to address colleagues and coworkers (especially superiors) formally, at least until you have developed a working relationship. Men should avoid wearing striped ties (a.k.a. rep ties), since in Britain these ties indicate the wearer is an alumnus of a specific public school. Management Styles Among individuals of the same rank, regardless of gender, there is much direct and informal communication; among individuals of different rank, there can be restrained and indirect communication, postponed decision-making, and a tendency to wait for direction from above while not offering suggestions quickly upward. Individuals have considerable freedom to achieve goals on their own, as long as directions have been carefully provided from above, and there is periodic review of progress. English workers expect to be rewarded for jobs well done, but not necessarily publicly, and do not expect unsolicited praise. Traditionally, the most powerful jobs in the large British business organization have been those responsible for financial control, and those with such responsibility typically used such control to police or monitor the financial situation, and many other aspects, of the company. Boss and Subordinate Relations Until recently, there was a very rigid separation between the ranks in British business: the management class, usually from the “great and the good,” often was brought into an organization laterally (managers did not come up through the ranks, but rather were moved about in the stratosphere from one organization to another). Rank, additionally, had its privileges: separate dining rooms, separate floors, separate corporate events. Business life today is singularly more fluid, although the degree to which this change has occurred is industry-specific; in most cases, those larger industries that have emerged out of previously state-run essentials, such as telecommunications, transportation, energy, and heavy manufacturing are still, in many ways, the


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most conservative. In more traditional businesses, the boss, therefore, is regarded more formally, and distinguishes himself or herself as the decision-maker, separate and apart from subordinates. Subordinates, in turn, do not volunteer opinions, recommendations, or thoughts openly, and relationships can be formal, with indirect and circumscribed patterns of communication. Conducting a Meeting or Presentation At meetings of peers, there can be open communication and sharing of ideas; meetings can, in fact, be information sharing and decision-making forums where all individuals are expected to contribute. In more formal, conservative organizations, meetings are often gatherings of non-peers, where decision-makers have clearly called the forum together in order to gather information from below, clarify goals, and formulate action plans. In these cases, individuals often do not share ideas and are not expected to contribute to mutual problem solving. Negotiation Styles Once relationships have been established, and there is clearly a mutual benefit to working together, Britons can be blunt, direct, and very clear about their thoughts. However, until such time, during the relationship-building phase of the negotiation, it is important to allow Britons the necessary time to evaluate the company and the proposal. Direct questions may not result in direct responses. In general, Britons are motivated by precedent; therefore, a proposal stands a better chance the closer it conforms to the way Britons have done things in the past. Remember that precedent need not have a logical base, but it often does have an empirical experiential history which they will eagerly recall as reasons why they can or cannot agree with a proposal. Planning a Project Do not push for the decision: if the British are keenly interested (or not) they will say so; otherwise, try not to appear too pushy and develop some patience. Remember also that Britons can be very restrained in their attitudes, so do not expect emotional demonstrations of support; cool, detached, and businesslike approaches are best appreciated. It is very important to avoid the hard sell, or denigrating another’s product or service; this will only reduce their interest in the proposal. In the United Kingdom, there is more concern for self-apology than for self-aggrandizement. Written Correspondence Time is usually written in military time. Use the word “Dear” plus title or family name to open a correspondence, and end the correspondence with the following appropriate salutations: Yours faithfully (when the name is not known) Yours sincerely (when the name is known) Best regards or Kind regards (when the recipient is known personally)

Cheers (very informal; used only when the recipient is known very well or in personal notes).


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