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The syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

IB18 11_0625_11/2RP © UCLES 2018 [Turn over

*2777991637*

Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

PHYSICS 0625/11

Paper 1 Multiple Choice (Core) October/November 2018

45 minutes

Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB recommended)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. Electronic calculators may be used. Take the weight of 1.0 kg to be 10 N (acceleration of free fall = 10 m / s2).

2

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

1 A pendulum is set in motion and timed. The time measured for 20 complete swings is 30 s.

What is the time for one complete swing of the pendulum?

A 0.67 s B 0.75 s C 1.5 s D 3.0 s 2 The diagrams are distance-time graphs for four bodies.

Which body is moving with an increasing speed?

distance

time

A

00

distance

time

B

distance

time

C

distance

time

D

00

00

00

3 A runner runs 300 m at an average speed of 3.0 m / s. She then runs another 300 m at an average

speed of 6.0 m / s.

What is her average speed for the total distance of 600 m?

A 2.0 m / s B 4.0 m / s C 4.5 m / s D 8.0 m / s 4 Which quantity is measured in newtons?

A energy

B mass

C weight

D work

3

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18 [Turn over

5 Four identical steel blocks are placed on a balance. The reading on the balance is 220 N.

What is the mass of one steel block?

A 5.5 kg B 22 kg C 55 kg D 88 kg 6 A liquid has a volume of 0.040 m3 and a mass of 30 000 g.

What is the density of the liquid?

A 0.075 kg / m3 B 7.5 kg / m3 C 750 kg / m3 D 7500 kg / m3 7 The unstretched lengths and extension-load graphs are shown for each of four different springs.

Which spring is the longest when a load of 5.0 N is hung from each spring?

100908070605040302010

00 1 2 3 4 5

A

unstretched length 65 mm

6 7 8 9 10load / N

extension/ mm

100908070605040302010

00 1 2 3 4 5

B


6 7 8 9 10load / N

extension/ mm

100908070605040302010

00 1 2 3 4 5

C


6 7 8 9 10load / N

extension/ mm

100908070605040302010

00 1 2 3 4 5

D


6 7 8 9 10load / N

extension/ mm

4

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

8 A car moves along a level road.

The diagram shows all of the horizontal forces acting on the car.

2000 N forcefrom engine500 N

friction

800 Nair resistance

Which statement is correct?

A The car is slowing down.

B The car is speeding up.

C The car is moving at a constant speed.

D The car is moving backwards. 9 Which force and distance produce the smallest moment about a pivot?

A a 6.0 N force at a perpendicular distance of 4.0 m from the pivot

B a 7.0 N force at a perpendicular distance of 6.0 m from the pivot

C a 10 N force at a perpendicular distance of 4.0 m from the pivot

D a 12 N force at a perpendicular distance of 3.0 m from the pivot 10 Which device is designed to convert chemical energy into kinetic energy?

A an a.c. generator

B a battery-powered torch

C a car engine

D a wind-up mechanical clock 11 A man climbs a ladder.

Which two quantities can be used to calculate the useful power of the man?

A the weight of the man and the time taken only

B the weight of the man and the vertical distance moved only

C the work done by the man and the time taken only

D the work done by the man and the vertical distance moved only

5


12 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of gas inside a metal container.

liquidmetal

container

gas

What is the pressure inside the container?

A equal to the atmospheric pressure

B greater than the atmospheric pressure

C less than the atmospheric pressure but greater than zero

D zero 13 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply.

h

connectionto gas supply

manometer

liquid

Which change gives a greater value of height h ?

A using a less dense liquid

B using a more dense liquid

C using a narrower tube

D using a wider tube

6

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

14 During evaporation of a liquid, the more energetic molecules escape. The temperature of the remaining liquid changes.

Which row identifies where these molecules escape from and describes the temperature change?

molecules

escape from the temperature of remaining liquid

A body of the liquid decreases

B body of the liquid increases

C surface of the liquid decreases

D surface of the liquid increases 15 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles.

Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly.

microscope

air moleculesandsmoke particles

light

diagram 1 diagram 2

randommovement

eye

Why do the smoke particles move randomly?

A They are hit by air molecules.

B They are less dense than air.

C They are moved by convection currents.

D They gain energy from the light.

7


16 The distance between two electricity pylons is 60 m. An engineer fits a cable of length 62 m between the pylons.

Why does the engineer choose a cable that is longer than the distance between the two pylons?

A to allow for contraction of the cable in cold weather

B to create a slope in the cable for electrons to flow down

C to keep the current low and the voltage high

D to reduce magnetic fields around the cable 17 Some ice is slowly heated and its temperature is measured. A graph is plotted of temperature

against time.

100

0–10

temperature / °C

time

X

Which row describes what happens to the thermal energy and to the temperature in section X?

thermal energy temperature of ice

A gained by ice rises

B gained by ice stays the same

C not gained by ice rises

D not gained by ice stays the same

8

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

18 Some of the Sun’s radiation passes through a prism. The diagram shows the spectrum of the radiation.

Which point on the screen does the infra-red radiation reach?

radiationfrom theSun

prism

screen

AB

C

D

visible

not visible

not visible

red

violet

19 On a cold day, a shiny metal rod feels colder to the touch than a black plastic rod.

Which statement explains this observation?

A The metal rod is a better absorber of infra-red radiation than the plastic rod.

B The metal rod is a better thermal conductor than the plastic rod.

C The metal rod is a worse absorber of infra-red radiation than the plastic rod.

D The metal rod is a worse thermal conductor than the plastic rod. 20 A boat moves up and down repeatedly as a water wave passes it.

Which name is given to the number of up-and-down movements of the boat per unit time?

A amplitude

B frequency

C speed

D wavelength

9


21 Plane water waves travel from a shallow region into a deeper region. They travel more quickly in the deeper water.

wavedirection

shallow water

deep water

boundary

Which diagram shows the wave pattern in the deeper water?

A B C D

22 A parallel beam of light is incident on a plane mirror.

Which diagram shows how the beam is reflected by the mirror?

A B

C D

spectrum

10

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

23 The diagram shows a parallel, cylindrical light beam of diameter d incident on a thin converging lens. A screen is placed a distance equal to two focal lengths 2f from the lens.

d

2f

screenlensbeam of light

Which diagram shows the size of the spot of light seen on the screen?

A B C D

2ddd2

24 Different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are used for different purposes. Below are four

statements about parts of the spectrum.

statement 1: Infra-red waves are used in television remote controllers.

statement 2: Radio waves are used to transmit television pictures from satellites to Earth.

statement 3: Ultraviolet waves are used for intruder alarms.

statement 4: X-rays are used for security checks.

Which statements are correct?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

11


25 A woman hears the first note produced by a clarinet.

She then hears a second note that has a higher pitch and is quieter.

Which row compares the frequency and the amplitude of the two notes?

first note second note

A higher frequency larger amplitude

B higher frequency smaller amplitude

C lower frequency larger amplitude

D lower frequency smaller amplitude 26 The diagram shows a bar magnet and four plotting compasses.

Which compass shows the direction of the magnetic field due to the magnet?

S N

A

BD

C 27 Iron is used for the core of a transformer and steel is used to make a bar magnet.

Which statement explains these uses of iron and of steel?

A Iron is a magnetic material and steel is a non-magnetic material.

B Iron is a permanent magnetic material and steel is a temporary magnetic material.

C Iron is a temporary magnetic material and steel is a permanent magnetic material.

D Iron is a non-magnetic material and steel is a magnetic material.

12

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

28 A negatively charged plastic rod P is placed above a positively charged plastic rod Q.

+ + + + +Q

– – – – –P

What are the directions of the electrostatic forces on rod P and on rod Q?

electrostatic force on rod P

electrostatic force on rod Q

A downwards downwards

B downwards upwards

C upwards downwards

D upwards upwards 29 The diagrams show the scales of three ammeters.

34

5

21

0

34

5

21

0

68

10

42

0

A

ammeter 1

A

ammeter 2

A

ammeter 3

Which ammeters show the same current reading?

A all three ammeters

B ammeter 1 and ammeter 2 only

C ammeter 1 and ammeter 3 only

D ammeter 2 and ammeter 3 only 30 The resistance of a component in a circuit is found using an ammeter and a voltmeter.

How are the ammeter and the voltmeter connected?

A the voltmeter and ammeter in parallel with the component

B the voltmeter and ammeter in series with the component

C the voltmeter in parallel with the component and the ammeter in series with the component

D the voltmeter in series with the component and the ammeter in parallel with the component

13


31 The diagram shows a circuit with a power supply and four components.

+ –

N

What is component N?

A fixed resistor

B fuse

C thermistor

D variable resistor 32 Two lamps are connected in parallel.

S1 S2

S3

Which switches must be closed so that both lamps light?

A S1 and S2 only

B S1 and S3 only

C S2 and S3 only

D S1, S2 and S3

14

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

33 The circuit diagram shows a variable potential divider.

V

P Q

slider

The slider is moved from P towards Q.

What happens to the reading on the voltmeter and to the brightness of the lamp?

reading on voltmeter

brightness of lamp

A decreases decreases

B decreases increases

C increases decreases

D increases increases 34 Either a fuse or a circuit-breaker can be used to protect electrical cables from large currents that

could cause overheating.

electricalsupply

X

Y appliance

cable

cable

live

neutral

When a fuse is used, where should it be connected, and when a circuit-breaker is used, where should it be connected?

position of fuse

position of circuit-breaker

A X X

B X Y

C Y X

D Y Y

15


35 Which electrical device uses the turning effect produced by a current-carrying coil in a magnetic field?

A a.c. generator

B d.c. motor

C relay

D transformer 36 A wire is placed in a strong magnetic field. When a current is passed through the wire it moves

upwards, as shown.

S

Nmovement

The current is reversed.

In which direction does the wire move?

A downwards

B towards the north pole

C towards the south pole

D upwards 37 Which diagram represents the structure of a neutral atom?

++ –

–

–

keyneutronprotonelectron

A B

+ +

–

+ +

C

++ +

D

–

–

–

–

16

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

38 Each nucleus of nuclide X contains 10 protons and a total of 22 nucleons.

Which notation is correct for this nuclide?

A X2210 B X22

32 C X1210 D X10

22 39 The diagram shows the paths of three different types of radiation X, Y and Z.

X

Y

Z

2 mm ofplastic

10 mm ofaluminium

50 mmof lead

Which row correctly identifies X, Y and Z?

X Y Z

A α-particles β-particles γ-rays

B β-particles α-particles γ-rays

C β-particles γ-rays α-particles

D γ-rays α-particles β-particles 40 A sample of a radioactive isotope emits 9600 α-particles per second.

After 40 hours the rate of emission has fallen to 600 α-particles per second.

What is the half-life of this isotope?

A 4.0 hours B 8.0 hours C 10 hours D 20 hours

The syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.


IB18 11_0625_21/2RP © UCLES 2018 [Turn over

*8207631209*

Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

PHYSICS 0625/21

Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2018

45 minutes

Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB recommended)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. Electronic calculators may be used. Take the weight of 1.0 kg to be 10 N (acceleration of free fall = 10 m / s2).

2

© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

1 The diagram shows part of a micrometer screw gauge.

0

mm

1 2

45

40

35

30

What is the smallest reading that can be achieved using this micrometer screw gauge?

A 0.0001 mm B 0.01 mm C 0.1 mm D 1 mm 2 A small, light ball is dropped from the top of a tall building.

Which graph shows how the speed of the ball changes with time?

speed

time0

A

0

speed

time0

B

0

speed

time0

C

0

speed

time0

D

0

3 A runner runs 300 m at an average speed of 3.0 m / s. She then runs another 300 m at an average

speed of 6.0 m / s.

What is her average speed for the total distance of 600 m?

A 2.0 m / s B 4.0 m / s C 4.5 m / s D 8.0 m / s

3


4 A helium balloon is tied to a top-pan balance. A metal block of mass 100 g is placed on the balance. The reading on the balance is 91 g.

91 g

metal block

helium balloon

Which statement can be deduced from this experiment?

A The balloon exerts a downward force of 0.09 N on the top-pan balance.

B The helium has a mass of –9 g.

C The helium has a mass of +9 g.

D The resultant downward force on the top-pan balance is 0.91 N. 5 A liquid has a volume of 0.040 m3 and a mass of 30 000 g.

What is the density of the liquid?

A 0.075 kg / m3 B 7.5 kg / m3 C 750 kg / m3 D 7500 kg / m3 6 A resultant force of 4.0 N acts on an object of mass 0.50 kg for 3.0 seconds.

What is the change in velocity caused by this force?

A 4.0 m / s B 6.0 m / s C 12 m / s D 24 m / s 7 Which quantities are both vectors?

A acceleration and force

B acceleration and pressure

C density and force

D density and pressure

4

© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

8 A moving ball with a momentum of 25 kg m / s collides head-on with a wall.

wall

ball

It rebounds from the wall with the same speed but in the opposite direction. The time of collision is 50 ms.

What is the average force exerted on the wall by the ball during the collision?

A 0.50 N B 1.00 N C 500 N D 1000 N 9 Which device is designed to convert chemical energy into kinetic energy?

A an a.c. generator

B a battery-powered torch

C a car engine

D a wind-up mechanical clock 10 An object, initially at rest, is dropped from a height of 12.0 m. The change in gravitational potential

energy when it falls to the ground is 565 J.

The frictional forces are negligible.

What is its speed when it hits the ground?

A 4.71 m / s B 15.5 m / s C 47.1 m / s D 240 m / s 11 A man climbs a ladder.

Which two quantities can be used to calculate the useful power of the man?

A the weight of the man and the time taken only

B the weight of the man and the vertical distance moved only

C the work done by the man and the time taken only

D the work done by the man and the vertical distance moved only

5


12 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply.

h

connection

to gas supply

manometer

liquid

Which change gives a greater value of height h ?

A using a less dense liquid

B using a more dense liquid

C using a narrower tube

D using a wider tube 13 A washbasin has an exit pipe covered with a plug of area 12 cm2. A chain is attached to the

centre of the plug to assist in pulling the plug away from the exit hole. The washbasin contains water to a depth of 0.080 m.

The density of the water is 1000 kg / m3.

chain

plug

What is the force acting on the plug due to the water?

A 0.96 N B 800 N C 9600 N D 80 000 N

6

© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

14 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles.

Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly.

microscope

air molecules

and

smoke particleslight

diagram 1 diagram 2

random

movement

eye

Why do the smoke particles move randomly?

A They are hit by air molecules.

B They are less dense than air.

C They are moved by convection currents.

D They gain energy from the light. 15 The gas in a sealed container is compressed at constant temperature.

Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes with its volume?

00

pressure

volume

A

00

pressure

volume

B

00

pressure

volume

C

00

pressure

volume

D

7


16 The distance between two electricity pylons is 60 m. An engineer fits a cable of length 62 m between the pylons.

Why does the engineer choose a cable that is longer than the distance between the two pylons?

A to allow for contraction of the cable in cold weather

B to create a slope in the cable for electrons to flow down

C to keep the current low and the voltage high

D to reduce magnetic fields around the cable 17 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer.

bulb capillary tube

Which change increases the sensitivity of the thermometer?

A a narrower capillary tube

B a wider capillary tube

C thicker glass around the bulb

D thinner glass around the bulb 18 An object of mass 800 g and specific heat capacity 250 J / (kg °C) is heated. It absorbs 5300 J of

energy.

What is the increase in temperature of the object?

A 0.027 °C B 17 °C C 27 °C D 17 000 °C 19 On a cold day, a shiny metal rod feels colder to the touch than a black plastic rod.

Which statement explains this observation?

A The metal rod is a better absorber of infra-red radiation than the plastic rod.

B The metal rod is a better thermal conductor than the plastic rod.

C The metal rod is a worse absorber of infra-red radiation than the plastic rod.

D The metal rod is a worse thermal conductor than the plastic rod.

8

© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

20 One end of a copper bar is heated to a high temperature.

Which mechanism is responsible for the transfer of thermal energy to the other end of the copper bar?

A the lattice vibrations of copper ions only

B the lattice vibrations of copper ions and the movement of high energy electrons along the bar

C the movement of high energy copper ions along the bar

D the movement of high energy electrons along the bar only 21 Plane water waves travel from a shallow region into a deeper region. They travel more quickly in

the deeper water.

wave

direction

shallow water

deep water

boundary

Which diagram shows the wave pattern in the deeper water?

A B C D

22 Which statement about the image formed by a plane mirror is correct?

A The image is larger than the object.

B The image is smaller than the object.

C The image is twice as far from the mirror as the object.

D The image is virtual.

9


23 A ray of light is incident on a glass-air surface. The diagrams show the ray of light at different angles of incidence in the glass.

40°

air

glass

44°

air

glass

48°

air

glass

What is the refractive index of the glass?

A 1.35 B 1.44 C 1.50 D 1.55 24 Different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are used for different purposes. Below are four

statements about parts of the spectrum.

statement 1: Infra-red waves are used in television remote controllers.

statement 2: Radio waves are used to transmit television pictures from satellites to Earth.

statement 3: Ultraviolet waves are used for intruder alarms.

statement 4: X-rays are used for security checks.

Which statements are correct?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4 25 Iron is used for the core of a transformer and steel is used to make a bar magnet.

Which statement explains these uses of iron and of steel?

A Iron is a magnetic material and steel is a non-magnetic material.

B Iron is a permanent magnetic material and steel is a temporary magnetic material.

C Iron is a temporary magnetic material and steel is a permanent magnetic material.

D Iron is a non-magnetic material and steel is a magnetic material.

10

© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

26 A sheet of ice floats on water. A source of sound S is positioned at the edge of the ice sheet.

Four microphones are placed equal distances from S.

Which microphone detects the sound from S first?

S

A

C

DB

ice

air

water

27 A bar magnet is placed inside a current-carrying coil. The diagram shows four different

experiments.

magnet slowly

removed

1

magnet slowly

removed

2

current in coil

slowly reduced

3

+ –

current in coil

slowly reduced

4

+ –

In which experiments is the magnet demagnetised?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

11


28 The diagrams represent two different electric fields.

field 1 field 2

A single electron is located in each of the fields.

Which row gives the correct direction of the force on the electron and the field in which there is a larger force on it?

direction of the force larger force

A ↓ field 1

B ↓ field 2

C ↑ field 1

D ↑ field 2 29 The resistance of a component in a circuit is found using an ammeter and a voltmeter.

How are the ammeter and the voltmeter connected?

A the voltmeter and ammeter in parallel with the component

B the voltmeter and ammeter in series with the component

C the voltmeter in parallel with the component and the ammeter in series with the component

D the voltmeter in series with the component and the ammeter in parallel with the component 30 The table gives data for four different electrical devices.

Which device develops the greatest power?

device voltage current

A car headlight 12 V 3.0 A

B cooling fan 110 V 0.40 A

C electric spark generator 400 kV 0.10 mA

D mains lamp 240 V 0.20 A

12

© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

31 The circuit diagram shows a fixed resistor R and a thermistor T used in a potential divider circuit.

T

R

VR and VT are the potential differences across R and T respectively.

What happens to VR and to VT as the temperature of the thermistor decreases?

VR VT

A decreases increases

B increases decreases

C stays the same decreases

D stays the same increases 32 The circuit diagram shows a power supply connected to some circuit components.

In the diagram, P and Q are the terminals of the d.c. power supply.

A

P Q

R1

R2

Under which circumstances does the ammeter show a reading other than zero?

A when P is positive or negative

B the ammeter always shows a zero reading

C only when P is negative

D only when P is positive

13


33 The diagram shows a digital circuit with two inputs and one output.

output

input 1

input 2

What describes the action of the circuit?

A AND B NAND C NOR D OR 34 Either a fuse or a circuit-breaker can be used to protect electrical cables from large currents that

could cause overheating.

electrical

supply

X

Y appliance

cable

cable

live

neutral

When a fuse is used, where should it be connected, and when a circuit-breaker is used, where should it be connected?

position of fuse

position of circuit-breaker

A X X

B X Y

C Y X

D Y Y

14

© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

35 There is a current of 3.0 A in a conductor.

The current is changed to 6.0 A in the opposite direction.

Which effect does this have on the magnetic field around the conductor?

A It decreases and it acts in the opposite direction.

B It decreases and it acts in the same direction.

C It increases and it acts in the opposite direction.

D It increases and it acts in the same direction. 36 A wire is placed in a strong magnetic field. When a current is passed through the wire it moves

upwards, as shown.

S

Nmovement

The current is reversed.

In which direction does the wire move?

A downwards

B towards the north pole

C towards the south pole

D upwards

15


37 Which diagram represents the structure of a neutral atom?

+

+ –

–

–

key

neutron

proton

electron

A B

+ +

–

+ +

C

++ +

D

–

–

–

– 38 When a uranium-235 nucleus absorbs a neutron, it becomes unstable and undergoes fission.

The fission process produces a barium (Ba) nucleus, a krypton (Kr) nucleus and 3 neutrons.

The fission process is represented by the nuclear equation shown.

n10 + U235

92 → Ba14456 + Kr...

... + 3 n10

Which symbol represents the resulting krypton nucleus?

A Kr8936 B Kr91

34 C Kr9135 D Kr91

36 39 The diagram shows the paths of three different types of radiation X, Y and Z.

X

Y

Z

2 mm of

plastic

10 mm of

aluminium

50 mm

of lead

Which row correctly identifies X, Y and Z?

X Y Z

A α-particles β-particles γ-rays

B β-particles α-particles γ-rays

C β-particles γ-rays α-particles

D γ-rays α-particles β-particles

16

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

40 A scientist measures the count rate of a radioactive sample in a laboratory over a period of 12 weeks.

The background radiation count rate in the laboratory remains constant at 20 counts per minute.

The table shows the scientist’s results before the background radiation count rate is taken into account.

time

/ weeks count rate

/ counts per minute

0 100

2 80

4 65

6 54

8 45

10 39

12 34

In which range does the half-life of the radioactive isotope lie?

A between 4 and 6 weeks

B between 6 and 8 weeks

C between 8 and 10 weeks

D more than 12 weeks

This document consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

DC (NH/CGW) 151472/4© UCLES 2018 [Turn over

*7220313829*

PHYSICS 0625/31Paper 3 Theory (Core) October/November 2018 1 hour 15 minutesCandidates answer on the Question Paper.No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.Write in dark blue or black pen.You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.Electronic calculators may be used.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.Take the weight of 1.0 kg to be 10 N (acceleration of free fall = 10 m / s2).

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

Cambridge International ExaminationsCambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

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0625/31/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a speed-time graph for a student who is running.

00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

1

2

3

speedm / s

time / s

4

5

Fig. 1.1

(a) (i) Describe the movement of the student, as shown in Fig. 1.1.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) Calculate the distance travelled by the student between 80 s and 100 s.

distance travelled = .......................................................m [3]

(b) An athlete runs 630 m in 130 s on a flat section of a road and then 254 m in 40 s on a downhill slope.

Calculate the average speed for the total distance run by the athlete.

average speed = ...................................................m / s [3]

[Total: 8]

3

0625/31/O/N/18© UCLES 2018 [Turn over

2 Fig. 2.1 shows a raft floating on water.

raft

water

Fig. 2.1

(a) A force of 20 000 N acts on the raft in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2.1.

(i) State the name given to the force shown in Fig. 2.1.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Calculate the mass of the raft.

mass = ......................................................kg [3]

(b) A sail is added to the raft, as shown in Fig. 2.2.

800 N 1200 N

sail

Fig. 2.2

Fig. 2.2 shows the horizontal forces acting on the raft at one moment.

Calculate the resultant horizontal force acting on the raft and state the direction of this force.

force = ............................................................ N

direction = ...........................................................[2]

[Total: 6]

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3 A tower crane has a load W, as shown in Fig. 3.1.

load

pivot

tower

80 000 N

counterweight

8.0 m 5.0 m

W

Fig. 3.1

(a) The counterweight has a weight of 80 000 N. This acts at a distance of 5.0 m from the pivot, as shown in Fig. 3.1.

Calculate the moment of the counterweight about the pivot. Give the unit.

moment = ...........................................................[3]

(b) The tower crane in Fig. 3.1 balances horizontally when holding the load W.

Calculate the weight of load W.

weight = ....................................................... N [3]

[Total: 6]

5


4 A student draws diagrams that represent three states of matter, as shown in Fig. 4.1. Box B shows the arrangement of particles in a liquid.

box A box B box C

Fig. 4.1

(a) (i) In box A, draw the arrangement of particles in a solid. [1]

(ii) In box C, draw the arrangement of particles in a gas. [1]

(b) Write the correct term for each change of state below each arrow in Fig. 4.2.

solid liquid gas liquid

[2]

Fig. 4.2

(c) A wet beaker is in a warm room. After several hours the beaker is dry.

State and explain what happens to the water.

Use your ideas about molecules in your answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 7]

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5 A tidal barrage (dam) produces electricity using tides. Fig. 5.1 shows a diagram of a tidal barrage (simplified).

tide coming in

river

turbine

high tide

flow ofwater

flow ofwater

ocean ocean

low tide

tide going out

river

barrage barrage

turbine

Fig. 5.1

(a) The water behind the barrage (dam) is a store of energy. State the name of this stored energy.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Explain how the tidal barrage (dam) produces electricity.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 4]

7


6 (a) Some materials are poor conductors of thermal energy (heat energy).

State the term that describes materials that are poor conductors of thermal energy.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Some materials are good conductors of thermal energy.

Draw a ring around each material that is a good conductor of thermal energy.

air aluminium copper glass plastic water [1]

(c) A student has two rods made of different materials. The rods are the same size.

Describe an experiment to identify which material is the better conductor of thermal energy.

You may draw a diagram in the space below.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 5]

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7 Fig. 7.1 shows the electromagnetic spectrum. One type of radiation is not labelled.

radiowaves

micro-waves

infra-redwaves

visiblelight X-rays gamma

rays

Fig. 7.1

(a) (i) On Fig. 7.1, add the label for the missing type of radiation. [1]

(ii) The arrow in Fig. 7.1 indicates a property that is increasing.

State the name of the property that is increasing in the direction of the arrow.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) Compare the speeds of radio waves and visible light in a vacuum.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) (i) Describe how X-rays are used for security in airports.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) Explain the properties of X-rays that make them useful in airport security.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 7]

9


8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows a tuning fork and a wooden block.

tuning fork

wooden block

Fig. 8.1

(i) The tuning fork is hit against the wooden block and then makes a sound.

Describe how the tuning fork produces the sound.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) The tuning fork produces a sound with a frequency of 659 Hz.

State whether a healthy human ear can hear this frequency of sound. Explain your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Fig. 8.2 represents the sound wave produced by a tuning fork.

time

Fig. 8.2

A second tuning fork produces a different sound.

Compared with the sound represented in Fig. 8.2, this sound is quieter and has half the frequency.

On Fig. 8.2, draw the wave to show the sound produced by the second tuning fork. [2]

[Total: 5]

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9 A student experiments with electric charge.

(a) The student uses a dry cloth to rub a plastic rod. The rod becomes positively charged.

Explain how the friction between the rod and the cloth causes the rod to become positively charged.

Use your ideas about the movement of charge.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) The student suspends a balloon from an insulating thread, as shown in Fig. 9.1.

balloon

insulating thread

Fig. 9.1

The balloon has an electric charge.

Explain how the student can use a positively charged rod to determine the charge on the balloon.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 5]

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10 (a) A student does an experiment to determine the resistance of a fixed resistor, R.

The student draws an incomplete diagram of the circuit, as shown in Fig. 10.1.

openswitch

variableresistor

R

Fig. 10.1

(i) On Fig. 10.1, draw the missing circuit symbols. [3]

(ii) Describe how the student could use the circuit to determine a reliable value for the resistance of R.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[4]

13


(b) Fig. 10.2 shows a 20 Ω resistor connected to a power supply.

20 Ω

0.4 A

Fig. 10.2

A second 20 Ω resistor is connected in series with the first. State and explain how this affects the current in the circuit.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

[Total: 11]

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11 (a) A student has a model electric railway. The model railway uses a step-down transformer.

The input voltage is 230 V. The transformer has 1710 turns on the input coil and 90 turns on the output coil.

Calculate the output voltage of the transformer.

output voltage = ....................................................... V [3]

(b) A step-up transformer is used to increase voltage.

Step-up transformers and step-down transformers have different coil arrangements.

Describe the differences in the coil arrangement for the two types of transformer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Explain the advantage of transmitting electricity at high voltages, rather than at low voltages.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 7]

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12 This notation represents the nucleus of a neutral atom of carbon-14.146C

(a) State the number of:

1. protons in the nucleus of an atom of carbon-14

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

2. electrons orbiting the nucleus of an atom of carbon-14

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

3. neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of carbon-14.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Carbon-14 is an isotope of carbon. Carbon-12 is another isotope of carbon. Compare the nucleus of carbon-14 with the nucleus of carbon-12.

State the similarities and differences.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

(c) Scientists use carbon-14 to estimate the age of wood that is very old.

A very old sample of wood contains 1.0 × 108 carbon-14 atoms. When the sample was new, it contained 8.0 × 108 carbon-14 atoms.

The half-life of carbon-14 is 5 700 years.

Estimate the age of the sample of wood.

age of wood = ................................................ years [3]

[Total: 9]

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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

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This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page.

DC (NH/SW) 151945/4© UCLES 2018 [Turn over

*8192377358*

PHYSICS 0625/41Paper 4 Theory (Extended) October/November 2018 1 hour 15 minutesCandidates answer on the Question Paper.No Additional Materials are required.



Answer all questions.Electronic calculators may be used.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.Take the weight of 1.0 kg to be 10 N (acceleration of free fall = 10 m / s2).




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1 A train of mass 5.6 × 105 kg is at rest in a station.

At time t = 0 s, a resultant force acts on the train and it starts to accelerate forwards.

Fig. 1.1 is the distance-time graph for the train for the first 120 s.

00

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

20 40 60 80 100time t / s

distance / m

120

Fig. 1.1

(a) (i) Use Fig. 1.1 to determine:

1. the average speed of the train during the 120 s

average speed = ...........................................................[1]

2. the speed of the train at time t = 100 s.

speed = ...........................................................[2]

3


(ii) Describe how the acceleration of the train at time t = 100 s differs from the acceleration at time t = 20 s.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) (i) The initial acceleration of the train is 0.75 m / s2.

Calculate the resultant force that acts on the train at this time.

resultant force = ...........................................................[2]

(ii) At time t = 120 s, the train begins to decelerate.

State what is meant by deceleration.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 8]

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2 Fig. 2.1 shows a uniform plank AB of length 2.0 m suspended from two ropes X and Y.

0.5 m

1.5 mrope X

A B

W = 210 N

rope Y

P Q

Fig. 2.1

The weight W of the plank is 210 N. The force in rope X is P. The force in rope Y is Q.

(a) State, in terms of P, the moment of force P about B.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Calculate:

(i) the moment of W about B

moment = ...........................................................[1]

(ii) the force P

force P = ...........................................................[2]

(iii) the force Q.

force Q = ...........................................................[2]

[Total: 6]

5


3 (a) State what is meant by the principle of conservation of energy.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Fig. 3.1 shows a girl throwing a heavy ball.

ball

Fig. 3.1

(i) State the energy changes that take place from when the girl begins to exert a force on the ball until the ball hits the ground and stops moving.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) The mass of the ball is 4.0 kg. The girl exerts a force on the ball for 0.60 s. The speed of the ball increases from 0 m / s to 12 m / s before it leaves the girl’s hand.

Calculate:

1. the momentum of the ball on leaving the girl’s hand

momentum = ...........................................................[2]

2. the average resultant force exerted on the ball.

average resultant force = ...........................................................[2]

[Total: 7]

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4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows liquid in a cylinder.

cylinder

liquid

Fig. 4.1

The depth of the liquid is 10 cm and the radius of the cylinder is 3.0 cm. The weight of the liquid in the cylinder is 2.5 N.

Calculate the density of the liquid.

density = ...........................................................[3]

(b) Fig. 4.2 shows a device that measures the pressure of a gas supply.

liquid

gas supply

h

Fig. 4.2

(i) State the name of the device. .......................................................................................[1]

7


(ii) The difference h between the two liquid levels is 2.0 cm. The density of the liquid is 800 kg / m3.

Calculate the difference between the pressure of the gas and atmospheric pressure.

pressure difference = ...........................................................[2]

(iii) A similar device with a tube of smaller cross-sectional area is connected to a gas supply at the same pressure.

State and explain any effect on the value of h.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 8]

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5 (a) (i) In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of the structure of a thermocouple thermometer. Include the device from which a reading is taken.

[3]

(ii) A thermocouple thermometer is used to measure the temperature of the flame of a small candle.

State two reasons why the thermocouple thermometer is suitable for this application.

1. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) State and explain any effect on the sensitivity of a liquid-in-glass thermometer of:

(i) reducing the diameter of the capillary tube

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) increasing the volume of the liquid-filled bulb.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 9]

9


6 (a) State three factors that determine the rate of evaporation of water.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................

3. ............................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) A person climbs out of a swimming pool and stands in the open air.

Explain why evaporation of water from the surface of the person’s body causes the person to feel cold.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 5]

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7 (a) A laser produces a beam of monochromatic light. State what is meant by the term monochromatic.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) A wave, in air, is incident on a glass block. Fig. 7.1 shows the wavefronts at the air-glass boundary. The arrow shows the direction of travel of the wavefronts.

air

direction oftravel of

wavefronts

glass

Fig. 7.1

The wave undergoes reflection and refraction at the air-glass boundary.

On Fig. 7.1 draw:

(i) the wavefronts of the reflected wave [3]

(ii) the wavefronts of the refracted wave. [3]

(c) A transverse wave is produced in a long, horizontal rope. The rope is much longer than the wavelength of the wave.

In the space below, sketch a diagram to show the appearance of the rope as the wave passes along it. Label two important features of the wave.

[2]

[Total: 9]

11


8 A vibrating source on a ship produces a sound wave that travels through the ocean. The wave produced is a longitudinal wave.

(a) Explain what is meant by the term longitudinal wave.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) The frequency of the sound wave is 800 Hz.

(i) The speed of sound in air is 330 m / s.

State a typical value for the speed of sound in a liquid.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Using your value from (b)(i), calculate the wavelength of the sound wave in the ocean.

wavelength = ...........................................................[2]

[Total: 6]

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9 Fig. 9.1 shows the symbol for a 12 V battery.

12 V

Fig. 9.1

(a) Two lamps are connected in parallel with the battery. On Fig. 9.1, using the correct symbols, complete the circuit diagram. [1]

(b) One of these lamps has a resistance of 6.0 Ω.

Calculate, for this lamp:

(i) the current

current = ...........................................................[1]

(ii) the power.

power = ...........................................................[2]

(c) The power of the other lamp is 36 W.

Calculate the total energy delivered to this lamp in 20 hours.

energy = ...........................................................[3]

[Total: 7]

13


10 A transformer consists of two coils of wire wound on a metal core. Fig. 10.1 represents the transformer.

core

secondary coilprimary coil

Fig. 10.1

(a) State the name of the metal from which the core is made.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) The primary coil of the transformer is connected to the output voltage of an a.c. generator which supplies an alternating current.

(i) Explain why there is a voltage between the two terminals of the secondary coil.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(ii) There are 560 turns on the primary coil and 910 turns on the secondary coil of the transformer. The voltage between the two terminals of the secondary coil is 78 V.

Calculate the voltage supplied by the a.c. generator.

generator voltage = ............................................................[2]

(c) Transformers are used to increase the voltage when electrical energy is transmitted in cables across long distances.

Explain why power losses in the cables are lower when the voltage is high.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 8]

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11 (a) Fig. 11.1 shows data about nine elements.

proton number element symbol

2 helium He

3 lithium Li

4 beryllium Be

5 boron B

6 carbon C

7 nitrogen N

8 oxygen O

9 fluorine F

10 neon Ne

Fig. 11.1

Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope with a nucleon number of 14. It decays by emitting β-particles.

Use any data you need from Fig. 11.1 to write down the nuclide equation for this decay.

[4]

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(b) A radioactive sample is placed close to a detector. The radioactive isotope in the sample has a long half-life. The detector records a count rate of 597 counts / s.

Fig. 11.2 shows the readings when different materials are placed between the radioactive sample and the detector.

material count rate counts / s

a sheet of paper 602

a piece of thin aluminium 598

a piece of thin lead 510

Fig. 11.2

Explain whether any α-particles, β-particles or γ-rays are emitted by the radioactive sample.

α-particles .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

β-particles .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

γ-rays ........................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 7]

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DC (NH/SG) 151996/4© UCLES 2018 [Turn over

*0695520946*

PHYSICS 0625/51Paper 5 Practical Test October/November 2018 1 hour 15 minutesCandidates answer on the Question Paper.Additional Materials: As listed in the Confidential Instructions.


Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of the page.Write in dark blue or black pen.You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.You are advised to spend about 20 minutes on each of questions 1 to 3, and 15 minutes on question 4.Electronic calculators may be used.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.



For Examiner’s Use

1

2

3

4

Total


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0625/51/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

1 In this experiment, you will determine the spring constant k of a spring by two methods.

Some of the apparatus has been set up for you.

Carry out the following instructions, referring to Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2.

Method 1

(a) Measure the unstretched length l0 of the spring, in mm.

l0 = ....................................................mm [1]

(b) Hang the 300 g mass on the spring, as shown in Fig. 1.1.

clamp holding cork

clamp holding spring

spring

mass

pin in cork

bench

Fig. 1.1

(i) Measure the new length l of the spring.

l = ....................................................mm [1]

(ii) Use the equation e = (l – l0) to calculate the extension e of the spring.

e = ....................................................mm [1]

(iii) Calculate a value for the spring constant k using the equation k eF

= , where F = 3.0 N.

k = ............................................... N / mm [1]

3


Method 2

(c) Adjust the position of the lower clamp so that the pin is level with the bottom of the mass when the mass is not moving. Pull the mass down about 1.5 cm and release it so that it oscillates up and down. Fig. 1.2 shows one complete oscillation.

clamp holding cork


one complete oscillation

bench

Fig. 1.2

(i) Measure the time t taken for 10 complete oscillations. Start the stopwatch as the bottom of the mass passes the pin.

t = ........................................................s [1]

(ii) 1. Calculate the time T taken for one complete oscillation.

T = .............................................................s

2. Calculate T 2.

T 2 = ............................................................... [1]

(iii) Calculate the spring constant k using the equation .kT

m0 0402= , where m = 0.300 kg.

k = ............................................... N / mm [1]

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(d) State and explain briefly whether your two values for k are the same within the limits of experimental accuracy.

statement ..................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(e) A student states that repeating Method 1 with different masses would improve the reliability of the value obtained for k.

Suggest additional values for the mass m that you would use when repeating the experiment to improve the reliability.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 11]

5


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2 In this experiment, you will determine the resistance of a piece of wire.

A

V

power supply

slidingcontact C

wireP

l

Fig. 2.1

(a) (i) Carry out the following instructions, referring to Fig. 2.1.

• Switch on.

• Measure the current I in the circuit.

I = ...........................................................[1]

(ii) Place the sliding contact C at a distance l = 20.0 cm from P.

• Measure, and record in Table 2.1, the reading on the voltmeter.

• Repeat the procedure using l values of 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0 cm and 100.0 cm.

• Switch off.

Table 2.1

l / cm V / V

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

[2]

7


(b) Plot a graph of V / V (y-axis) against l / cm (x-axis). Start both axes at the origin (0,0).

[4]

(c) (i) Determine the gradient G of the graph. Show clearly on the graph how you obtained the necessary information.

G = ...........................................................[2]

(ii) Calculate the resistance R of each centimetre of the wire. Use the equation R = G kI ,

where k = 1.0 V / cm and I is the current recorded in (a)(i). Include the unit.

R = ...........................................................[2]

[Total: 11]

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3 In this experiment, you will determine the refractive index n of the material of a transparent block.

hole

eye

E

A

D

B

N

L

F

G C

Fig. 3.1

(a) Carry out the following instructions, using the separate ray-trace sheet provided. Refer to Fig. 3.1 for guidance.

• Place the transparent block, largest face down, on the ray-trace sheet supplied. The block should be approximately in the middle of the paper.

• Draw and label the outline of the block ABCD.

• Remove the block and draw the normal NL at the centre of side AB. Continue the normal so that it passes through side CD of the block.

• Label the point F where NL crosses AB.

• Label the point G where NL crosses CD. [2]

9


(b) • Draw the line EF at an angle i = 30° to the normal as shown in Fig. 3.1.

• Place the paper on the pin board.

• Place two pins P1 and P2 on line EF at a suitable distance apart for this experiment.

• Replace the block and look from the position of the eye shown in Fig. 3.1, to observe the images of P1 and P2 through side CD of the block. Adjust your line of sight until the images of P1 and P2 appear one behind the other.

• Place two pins P3 and P4 between your eye and the block so that P3, P4, and the images of P1 and P2 seen through the block, appear one behind the other.

• Label the positions of P1, P2, P3 and P4.

• Remove the block and the pins.

• Draw a line joining the positions of P3 and P4. Continue the line until it meets the normal NL.

• Label the point H where the line meets side CD. Draw the line FH. [1]

(c) (i) Measure and record the length a of the line GH.

a = ...........................................................[1]

(ii) Measure and record the length b of the line FH.

b = ...........................................................[1]

(iii) Calculate the refractive index n using the equation .n ab0 50

= .

n = ...........................................................[2]

(d) Repeat the procedure in (b) using an angle i = 45º.

(i) Repeat the measurements in (c)(i) and (c)(ii) for i = 45º.

a = ...............................................................

b = ............................................................... [1]

(ii) Calculate the refractive index n using the equation .n ab0 71

= .

n = ...........................................................[1]

10

0625/51/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

(e) A student carries out this experiment with care and expects the two values of refractive index n obtained in this experiment to be equal.

State two difficulties with this type of experiment that could explain any difference in the two values of n.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 11]

Tie your ray-trace sheet into this Question Booklet between pages 10 and 11.

11


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12

0625/51/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

4 A student is investigating the relationship between the power produced by an electrical heater and the time taken to heat a beaker of water. The power of the heater is given by the equation P = VI, where V is the potential difference (p.d.) across the heater and I is the current in the heater.

Plan an experiment to investigate the relationship between the power produced by an electrical heater and the time taken to heat a beaker of water.

You are not required to carry out this investigation.

The following apparatus is available:

ammeter voltmeter 0–12 V variable power supply 250 cm3 beaker heater thermometer stopwatch

The student can also use other apparatus and materials that are usually available in a school laboratory.

You should:

• complete the diagram in Fig. 4.1 to show the circuit that you would use

• explain briefly how you would carry out the investigation

• state the key variables that you would control

• draw a table with column headings, to show how you would display your readings (you are not required to enter any readings in the table)

• explain how you would use your results to reach a conclusion.

13


beaker

heater water

Fig. 4.1

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

14

0625/51/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................[7]

[Total: 7]

15

0625/51/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

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16

0625/51/O/N/18© UCLES 2018




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*2551796082*



DC (SC/CGW) 152085/3© UCLES 2018 [Turn over

PHYSICS 0625/61Paper 6 Alternative to Practical October/November 2018 1 hourCandidates answer on the Question Paper.No Additional Materials are required.



Answer all questions.Electronic calculators may be used.You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.



2

0625/61/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

1 A student is determining the spring constant k of a spring by two methods.

Fig. 1.2 shows how the apparatus is used.

Method 1

(a) On Fig. 1.1, measure the unstretched length l0 of the spring, in mm.

spring l0

Fig. 1.1

l0 = ................................................. mm [1]

(b) The student attaches the spring to the clamp as shown in Fig. 1.2.

He hangs a 300 g mass on the spring.

clamp holdingcork

pin in corkbench


spring

300 g mass

Fig. 1.2

He measures the new length l of the spring.

53 l = ...................................................... mm

3


(i) Calculate the extension e of the spring using the equation e = l – l0.

e = ................................................. mm [1]

(ii) Calculate a value for the spring constant k using the equation k = Fe , where F = 3.0 N.

k = ............................................ N / mm [1]

Method 2

(c) The student pulls the mass down a short distance and releases it so that it oscillates up and down. Fig. 1.3 shows the time t taken for 10 complete oscillations.

00:03. 46

min sec sec

Fig. 1.3

(i) Record the time t taken for 10 complete oscillations.

t = ........................................................ [1]

(ii) 1. Calculate the time T taken for one complete oscillation.

T = .............................................................

2. Calculate T 2.

T 2 = ............................................................. [2]

(iii) Calculate the spring constant k using the equation k = 0.040 mT 2 , where m = 0.300 kg.

k = ............................................ N / mm [1]

4

0625/61/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

(d) State and explain whether your two values for k are the same within the limits of experimental accuracy.

statement ..................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(e) A student states that repeating Method 1 with different masses would improve the reliability of the value obtained for k.

Suggest additional values for the mass m that you would use when repeating the experiment to improve the reliability.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 11]

5


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6

0625/61/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

2 A student is determining the resistance of a piece of wire.

Fig. 2.1 shows the circuit she uses.

A

V

power supply

slidingcontact C

l

wire

P

Fig. 2.1

(a) Record the current I in the circuit, as shown on the ammeter in Fig. 2.2.

I = ........................................................ [1]

A

0.60.8

1.0

0.40.2

0

V

34

5

21

0

Fig. 2.2 Fig. 2.3

(b) The student places the sliding contact C at a distance l = 20.0 cm from P. The voltmeter reading is shown in Fig. 2.3. Record the voltmeter reading in Table 2.1 for l = 20.0 cm. [1]

7


(c) The student repeats the procedure using values of l = 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0 cm and 100.0 cm. The readings are shown in Table 2.1.

Complete the column headings in the table. [1]

Table 2.1

l / V /

20.0

40.0 0.9

60.0 1.6

80.0 2.0

100.0 2.4

(d) Plot a graph of V / V (y-axis) against l / cm (x-axis). Start both axes at the origin (0, 0).

[4]

8

0625/61/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

(e) (i) Determine the gradient G of the graph. Show clearly on the graph how you obtained the necessary information.

G = ........................................................ [2]

(ii) Calculate the resistance R of each centimetre of the wire. Use the equation R = G kI ,

where k = 1.0 V / cm and where I is the current recorded in (a).

Include the unit.

R = ........................................................ [2]

[Total: 11]

9


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10

0625/61/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

3 A student is determining the refractive index n of the material of a transparent block.

Fig. 3.1 shows the outline ABCD of the transparent block.

A B

D

P3

P4

C

eye

Fig. 3.1

11


(a) (i) On Fig. 3.1:

• draw a normal NL at the centre of side AB

• continue the normal so that it passes through side CD of the block

• label the point F where NL crosses AB

• label the point G where NL crosses CD. [1]

(ii) Draw a line EF at an angle i = 30° to the left of the normal and above side AB. [1]

(iii) Mark the positions of two pins P1 and P2 on line EF placed at a suitable distance apart for this type of ray-tracing experiment. [1]

(b) The student observes the images of P1 and P2 through side CD of the block so that the images of P1 and P2 appear one behind the other.

He places two pins P3 and P4 between his eye and the block so that P3, P4 and the images of P1 and P2 seen through the block, appear one behind the other.

The positions of P3 and P4 are marked on Fig. 3.1.

(i) • Draw a line joining the positions of P3 and P4. Continue the line until it meets the normal NL.

• Label the point H where the line meets side CD. Draw the line FH. [1]

(ii) Measure and record the length a of the line GH.

a = ........................................................ [1]

(iii) Measure and record the length b of the line FH.

b = ........................................................ [1]

(iv) Calculate the refractive index n using the equation n = 0.5ba .

n = ........................................................ [1]

12

0625/61/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

(c) The student repeats the procedure using the angle of incidence i = 45°.

3.2 a = ....................................................... cm

6.9 b = ....................................................... cm

Calculate the refractive index n, using the equation n = 0.71ba .

n = ........................................................ [1]

(d) The student expected the two values of refractive index n obtained in this experiment to be equal.

State two difficulties with this type of experiment that could explain any difference in the two values of n.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(e) A student suggests precautions to take in this experiment to obtain reliable results. Tick one box to indicate the most sensible suggestion.

Carry out the experiment in a darkened room.

Use pins that are taller than the height of the block.

View the bases of the pins.

View the pins with one eye closed. [1]

[Total: 11]

13


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0625/61/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

4 A student is investigating the relationship between the power produced by an electrical heater and the time taken to heat a beaker of water. The power of the heater is given by the equation P = VI, where V is the potential difference (p.d.) across the heater and I is the current in the heater.

Plan an experiment to investigate the relationship between the power produced by an electrical heater and the time taken to heat a beaker of water.

The following apparatus is available:

ammeter voltmeter 0–12 V variable power supply 250 cm3 beaker heater thermometer stopwatch

The student can also use other apparatus and materials that are usually available in a school laboratory.

You should:

• complete the diagram in Fig. 4.1 to show the circuit that you would use

• explain briefly how you would carry out the investigation

• state the key variables that you would control

• draw a table with column headings, to show how you would display your readings (you are not required to enter any readings in the table)

• explain how you would use your results to reach a conclusion.

15


electrical heater

beaker

water

Fig. 4.1

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

16

0625/61/O/N/18© UCLES 2018




..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................... [7]

[Total: 7]



© UCLES 2018 [Turn over

Cambridge Assessment International Education Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

PHYSICS 0625/11 Paper 1 Multiple Choice October/November 2018

MARK SCHEME

Maximum Mark: 40

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2018 series for most Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

0625/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED

October/November2018

© UCLES 2018 Page 2 of 3

Question Answer Marks

1 C 1

2 D 1

3 B 1

4 C 1

5 A 1

6 C 1

7 C 1

8 B 1

9 A 1

10 C 1

11 C 1

12 A 1

13 A 1

14 C 1

15 A 1

16 A 1

17 B 1

18 A 1

19 B 1

20 B 1

21 C 1

22 B 1

23 C 1

24 B 1

25 D 1

26 D 1

27 C 1

28 B 1





29 C 1

30 C 1

31 B 1

32 D 1

33 D 1

34 A 1

35 B 1

36 A 1

37 B 1

38 A 1

39 B 1

40 C 1





PHYSICS 0625/21 Paper 2 Multiple Core October/November 2018

MARK SCHEME

Maximum Mark: 40

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2018 series for most Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.





1 B 1

2 C 1

3 B 1

4 D 1

5 C 1

6 D 1

7 A 1

8 D 1

9 C 1

10 B 1

11 C 1

12 A 1

13 A 1

14 A 1

15 D 1

16 A 1

17 A 1

18 C 1

19 B 1

20 B 1

21 C 1

22 D 1

23 B 1

24 B 1

25 C 1

26 B 1

27 B 1

28 A 1





29 C 1

30 D 1

31 A 1

32 D 1

33 C 1

34 A 1

35 C 1

36 A 1

37 B 1

38 A 1

39 B 1

40 A 1





PHYSICS 0625/31 Paper 3 Core Theory October/November 2018

MARK SCHEME

Maximum Mark: 80

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2018 series for most Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.


October/November 2018


Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1: Marks must be awarded in line with: • the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question • the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question • the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2: Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3: Marks must be awarded positively: • marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the

scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate • marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do • marks are not deducted for errors • marks are not deducted for omissions • answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the

question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4: Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.




GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5: Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6: Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.




NOTES ABOUT MARK SCHEME SYMBOLS & OTHER MATTERS

B marks are independent marks, which do not depend on other marks. For a B mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen specifically

in the candidate’s answer. M marks are method marks upon which accuracy marks (A marks) later depend. For an M mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen

in a candidate's answer. If a candidate fails to score a particular M mark, then none of the dependent A marks can be scored. C marks are compensatory marks in general applicable to numerical questions. These can be scored even if the point to which they refer are not written

down by the candidate, provided subsequent working gives evidence that they must have known it. For example, if an equation carries a C mark and the candidate does not write down the actual equation but does correct substitution or working which shows he knew the equation, then the C mark is scored. A C mark is not awarded if a candidate makes two points which contradict each other. Points which are wrong but irrelevant are ignored.

A marks A marks are accuracy or answer marks which either depend on an M mark, or which are one of the ways which allow a C mark to be scored. A

marks are commonly awarded for final answers to numerical questions. If a final numerical answer, eligible for A marks, is correct, with the correct unit and an acceptable number of significant figures, all the marks for that question are normally awarded.

Brackets ( ) Brackets around words or units in the mark scheme are intended to indicate wording used to clarify the mark scheme, but the marks do not

depend on seeing the words or units in brackets, e.g. 10 (J) means that the mark is scored for 10, regardless of the unit given. Underlining Underlining indicates that this must be seen in the answer offered, or something very similar. OR / or This indicates alternative answers, any one of which is satisfactory for scoring the marks. e.e.o.o. This means "each error or omission". o.w.t.t.e. This means “or words to that effect”. Ignore This indicates that something which is not correct or irrelevant is to be disregarded and does not cause a right plus wrong penalty. Spelling Be generous about spelling and use of English. If an answer can be understood to mean what we want, give credit. However, do not allow

ambiguities, e.g. spelling which suggests confusion between reflection / refraction / diffraction or thermistor / transistor / transformer. Not/NOT This indicates that an incorrect answer is not to be disregarded, but cancels another otherwise correct alternative offered by the candidate, i.e.

right plus wrong penalty applies.




ecf meaning "error carried forward" is mainly applicable to numerical questions, but may in particular circumstances be applied in non-numerical

questions. This indicates that if a candidate has made an earlier mistake and has carried an incorrect value forward to subsequent stages of working, marks indicated by ecf may be awarded, provided the subsequent working is correct, bearing in mind the earlier mistake. This prevents a candidate from being penalised more than once for a particular mistake, but only applies to marks annotated ecf.

Significant Answers are normally acceptable to any number of significant figures ≥ 2. Any exceptions to this general rule will be specified in the mark

scheme. Arithmetic errors Deduct one mark if the only error in arriving at a final answer is clearly an arithmetic one. Regard a power-of-ten error as an arithmetic error. Transcription Deduct one mark if the only error in arriving at a final answer is because previously errors calculated data has clearly been misread but used correctly. Fractions Allow these only where specified in the mark scheme. Crossed out work Work which has been crossed out and not replaced but can easily be read, should be marked as if it had not been crossed out. Use of NR Use this if the answer space for a question is completely blank or contains no readable words, figures or symbols.





1(a)(i) constant speed OR speed of 4 m / s (for 80 s) B1

(constant) deceleration OR speed decreases OR slows (down after 80 s) OR stops after 100 s B1

1(a)(ii) distance = area under graph C1

20 × 4 × 0.5 or area = ½ × base × height C1

40 (m) A1

1(b) (average speed =) total distance ÷ total time C1

(630 + 254) ÷ (130 +40) OR 884 ÷ 170 C1

5.2 (m / s) A1





2(a)(i) weight B1

2(a)(ii) W = m × g C1

m = 20 000 ÷ 10 C1

2000 (kg) A1

2(b) 400 (N) B1

forwards / to the right B1


3(a) Force × distance (from pivot) OR 80 000 × 5.0 C1

400 000 A1

Nm B1

3(b) c.w. moment = a.c.w moment OR moment of load = moment of counterweight OR 5.0 × 80 000 = load × 8.0 C1

400 000 ÷ 8.0 = load C1

50 000 (N) A1





4(a)(i) regular arrangement of atoms in LH box regular arrangement of atoms in LH box B1

4(a)(ii) few atoms with no pattern in RH box B1

4(b) melting below arrow on left B1

condensing / condensation below arrow on right B1

4(c) evaporate / evaporation seen anywhere in explanation B1

Any two from: atoms (at the surface) gain KE fastest molecules / molecules with most energy (are able to) escape from surface

B2


5(a) (gravitational) potential energy B1

5(b) Any 3 from: water flows through tunnel / has kinetic energy when tide coming in / going out (moving) water causes turbines / (component) X to rotate / turn (the turbine)turns a generator

B3





6(a) insulator(s) B1

6(b) aluminium AND copper B1

6(c) (one end of both rods) placed in same (type of) heat source means of detecting raised temperature e.g. wax covered rods OR pins attached to rods with wax outcome explained e.g. wax melted further / first on better conductor

B3


7(a)(i) ultraviolet (waves / radiation) B1

7(a)(ii) wavelength B1

7(a)(iii) (visible light and radio waves) / (they have) the same (speed) B1

7(b)(i) Any 2 from: Checking bags or people or packages For hidden objects shadow / image on screen / monitor

B2

7(b)(ii) Transmission (of X-rays) through less dense materials owtte OR absorption (of X-rays) by dense materials

B2





8(a)(i) vibrates B1

8(a)(ii) Yes B1

(as within audible range of) 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz B1

8(b) line drawn with smaller amplitude B1

lower frequency i.e. fewer waves on screen B1


9(a) electrons B1

move / transfer from the rod OR move / transfer to the cloth B1

9(b) Any 3 from: (idea of bringing) rod near balloon if balloon repels it is positively charged as like charges repel

B3





10(a)(i) correct symbols for:

ammeter B1

voltmeter B1

ammeter in series OR voltmeter in parallel B1

10(a)(ii) Any five from: close switch adjust / change variable resistor to give current in resistor / reading on ammeter measure / record (pair of) readings on ammeter and voltmeter description of any check for reliability idea of adjusting variable resistor to give range of readings plot a graph suitable spacing of readings e.g. every 0.05A or 0.1 A use of V= IR or R = V / I repeat AND calculate average (value for R)

B4

10(b) (circuit) resistance increases B1

BUT (circuit) resistance doubles / becomes 40 Ω (award two marks as assumes previous (1st) marking point) B1

(current) decreases B1

BUT(current) halves / becomes 0.2 A (award two marks as assumes previous (3rd) marking point) B1





11(a) (Vp / Vs) = (Np / Ns) in any form C1

230 / Vs = 1710 / 90 or Vs = (230 × 90) / 1710 OR Vs = 230 / 19 C1

12 (V) A1

11(b) In a step-down transformer there are fewer turns on secondary / output coil (than on primary / input coil) In a step-up transformer there are more turns on secondary / output coil (than on primary / input coil)

B2

11(c) less energy / power wasted (in cables ) / more efficient (transmission) B1

And any one from: (because) smaller current (in transmission cables) (and so) smaller heating effect (in transmission cables) (and so) thinner cables can be used (which are cheaper)

B1





12(a) 1. 6 B1

2. 6 B1

3. 8 B1

12(b) Any three from: (nucleus has) same number protons or same atomic / proton number same charge different mass different nucleon number different number of neutrons

B3

12(c) idea of 3 half-lives Or 8.0 → 4.0 → 2.0 → 1.0 C1

5700 × 3 C1

17 100 (years) A1





PHYSICS 0625/41 Paper 4 Extended Theory October/November 2018

MARK SCHEME

Maximum Mark: 80

Published





















NOTES ABOUT MARK SCHEME SYMBOLS & OTHER MATTERS

B marks are independent marks, which do not depend on other marks. For a B mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen specifically

in the candidate’s answer. M marks are method marks upon which accuracy marks (A marks) later depend. For an M mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen

in a candidate's answer. If a candidate fails to score a particular M mark, then none of the dependent A marks can be scored. C marks are compensatory marks in general applicable to numerical questions. These can be scored even if the point to which they refer are not written

down by the candidate, provided subsequent working gives evidence that they must have known it. For example, if an equation carries a C mark and the candidate does not write down the actual equation but does correct substitution or working which shows he knew the equation, then the C mark is scored. A C mark is not awarded if a candidate makes two points which contradict each other. Points which are wrong but irrelevant are ignored.

A marks A marks are accuracy or answer marks which either depend on an M mark, or which are one of the ways which allow a C mark to be scored. A

marks are commonly awarded for final answers to numerical questions. If a final numerical answer, eligible for A marks, is correct, with the correct unit and an acceptable number of significant figures, all the marks for that question are normally awarded.

Brackets ( ) Brackets around words or units in the mark scheme are intended to indicate wording used to clarify the mark scheme, but the marks do not

depend on seeing the words or units in brackets, e.g. 10 (J) means that the mark is scored for 10, regardless of the unit given. Underlining Underlining indicates that this must be seen in the answer offered, or something very similar. OR / or This indicates alternative answers, any one of which is satisfactory for scoring the marks. e.e.o.o. This means "each error or omission". o.w.t.t.e. This means “or words to that effect”. Ignore This indicates that something which is not correct or irrelevant is to be disregarded and does not cause a right plus wrong penalty. Spelling Be generous about spelling and use of English. If an answer can be understood to mean what we want, give credit. However, do not allow

ambiguities, e.g. spelling which suggests confusion between reflection / refraction / diffraction or thermistor / transistor / transformer. Not/NOT This indicates that an incorrect answer is not to be disregarded, but cancels another otherwise correct alternative offered by the candidate, i.e.

right plus wrong penalty applies.




ecf meaning "error carried forward" is mainly applicable to numerical questions, but may in particular circumstances be applied in non-numerical

questions. This indicates that if a candidate has made an earlier mistake and has carried an incorrect value forward to subsequent stages of working, marks indicated by ecf may be awarded, provided the subsequent working is correct, bearing in mind the earlier mistake. This prevents a candidate from being penalised more than once for a particular mistake, but only applies to marks annotated ecf.

Significant Answers are normally acceptable to any number of significant figures ≥ 2. Any exceptions to this general rule will be specified in the mark

scheme. Units Deduct one mark for each incorrect or missing unit from an answer that would otherwise gain all the marks available for that answer: maximum 1 per question. No deduction is incurred if the unit is missing from the final answer but is shown correctly in the working.

Unless listed here or stated in the mark scheme for the question, do not accept derived units e.g. kg m / s2 for N is NOT acceptable. The following are acceptable alternatives: N m for J, J / s or N m / s for W, N / m2 for Pa, N s and kg m / s are both acceptable for momentum and impulse. Beware: J is NOT acceptable for moments. Condone wrong use of upper and lower case symbols e.g. pA for Pa. Annotate with U. For more than one unit error in a question, underline with a wavy line to indicate an error which has not been penalised.

Arithmetic errors Deduct one mark if the only error in arriving at a final answer is clearly an arithmetic one. Regard a power-of-ten error as an arithmetic error. Transcription Deduct one mark if the only error in arriving at a final answer is because previously errors calculated data has clearly been misread but used correctly. Fractions Allow these only where specified in the mark scheme. Crossed out work Work which has been crossed out and not replaced but can easily be read, should be marked as if it had not been crossed out. Use of NR Use this if the answer space for a question is completely blank or contains no readable words, figures or symbols.





1(a)(i)1 (4800 / 120 =) 40 m / s B1

1(a)(i)2 (v =) gradient of any part of straight line C1

Value between 50 and 60 m / s A1

1(a)(ii) At t = 20 s, acceleration > zero / acceleration is taking place / greater acceleration than at 100 s B1

At t = 100 s, acceleration = zero / 0 B1

1(b)(i) (F =) ma OR 5.6 × 105 × 0.75 C1

4.2 × 105 N A1

1(b)(ii) Speed / velocity decreases (with time) OR slowing down OR negative acceleration OR Rate of decrease of speed / velocity

B1


2(a) P × 1.5 B1

2(b)(i) (W × 1.0 OR 210 × 1.0 =) 210 N m B1

2(b)(ii) P × 1.5 = 210 OR P = 210 / 1.5 C1

140 N A1

2(b)(iii) P + Q = 210 OR 140 + Q = 210 OR Q × 1.5 = 210 × 0.5 OR Q = 210 × 0.5 / 1.5 OR P × 0.5 = Q C1

Q = 70 N A1





3(a) Energy cannot be created or destroyed OR energy can only be transferred from one form to another OR total energy remains constant

B1

3(b)(i) Chemical (energy) to kinetic (energy) AND / OR potential (energy) B1

Any one of: Kinetic (energy) to potential (energy) OR gravitational (energy) Potential (energy) OR gravitational (energy) to kinetic (energy) Kinetic (energy) to thermal (energy) OR heat (energy)

B1

3(b)(ii)1 (momentum =) mv OR 4.0 × 12 C1

48 kg m / s or N s A1

3(b)(ii)2 (average force =) momentum change / time OR m(v – u) / t OR (mv – mu) / t OR F = ma AND a = (v – u) / t OR 48 / 0.60

C1

80 N A1





4(a) mass = 0.25 (kg) OR ρ = m / V C1

volume = (π × 0.032 × 0.1 = 2.8 × 10–4 (m3)) C1

density = (0.25 / 2.8 × 10–4) = 890 kg / m3 A1

OR

mass = 250 (g) OR ρ = m / V

volume = (π × 32 × 10 =) 280 cm3

density = (250 / 280 =) 0.89 g / cm3

OR

ρ = F / A = hρg

ρ = F / Ahg OR 2.5 / π × 0.032 × 0.1 × 10

= 890 kg / m3

4(b)(i) manometer B1

4(b)(ii) (P =) hdg OR 0.02 × 800 × 10 C1

160 Pa A1

4(b)(iii) Value of h stays the same M1

Difference in height not dependent on cross-sectional area of tube OR Pressure of a liquid column depends only on values of h, d and g

A1





5(a)(i) 2 different metals labelled B1

2 junctions between different metals B1

Correctly connected meter B1

5(a)(ii) Any two of: Suitable for high temp measurement OR has wide range Has low value of thermal capacity OR absorbs only a small quantity of thermal energy / heat Measures temperature at a point OR small size Responds quickly Can be used for remote sensing

B2

5(b)(i) More sensitive B1

Thread moves further (for same expansion) B1

5(b)(ii) More sensitive B1

Greater expansion / more liquid (from bulb) B1





6(a) Any three from: Temperature (of liquid / water) Surface area (of liquid / water) Draught / wind / movement of air (over surface) Temperature of surroundings Humidity (of surrounding air)

B3

6(b) Any two from: More energetic / faster molecules escape Less energetic / slower molecules remain OR remaining water is colder Thermal energy / heat flows from body / skin to colder water (and person feels colder) OR (for one mark each) (Evaporation requires) latent heat of vaporisation Thermal energy / heat flows from body / skin

B2





7(a) Light of a single colour / wavelength / frequency B1

7(b)(i) Reflected wavefronts:

In air, at least 3 wavefronts parallel to each other. B1

Same spacing as incident wavefronts B1

Reflecting at same angle with surface as incident wavefronts B1

7(b)(ii) Refracted wavefronts:

In glass, at least 3 wavefronts parallel to each other AND continuous with incident wavefronts, unless drawn to right of incident wavefronts.

B1

Smaller wavelength than incident wavefronts AND equally spaced. B1

At smaller angle with surface than incident wavefronts and rotated clockwise compared to incident wavefronts B1

7(c) Rope drawn with two of: Amplitude labelled Wavelength labelled Crest and trough labelled

B2





8(a) Particles / molecules / water / medium vibrate B1

Vibration is in the direction travel of the wave B1

Has compressions and rarefactions B1

8(b)(i) Value in range from 900 m / s to 2000 m / s B1

8(b)(ii) v = fλ in any form OR (λ =) v / f OR answer to (b)(i) / 800 C1

correct evaluation with unit (m) A1


9(a) 2 lamps with correct circuit symbol, in parallel, with correct connection to battery B1

9(b)(i) (12 / 6.0 =) 2.0 A B1

9(b)(ii) (P =) IV OR 2.0 × 12 C1

OR (P =) I2R OR 2.02 × 6.0

(C1)

OR (P =) V2 / R OR 122 / 6.0

(C1)

24 W A1

9(c) (E =) IVt OR Pt in any form OR 36 × 20 C1

= 36 × 20 × 60 × 60 C1

= 2.6 × 106 J A1





10(a) (soft) iron B1

10(b)(i) Alternating / changing magnetic field in primary (coil) B1

Alternating / changing (magnetic) field in core (and in secondary coil) OR (magnetic) field lines / flux link secondary B1

e.m.f / voltage induced (in secondary coil) B1

10(b)(ii) VP / VS = NP / NS in any form OR (VP =) VS × NP / NS

OR 78 × 560 / 910 C1

48 V A1

10(c) Lower current B1

(Power loss from cables =) I2R so lower current means less power loss OR less heat loss B1





11(a) 146

C on left-hand side B1

147

on right-hand side (ignoring letter after or before 147

) B1

N after

147

on right-hand side B1

+

01−

e on right-hand side OR – 01−

e on left-hand side B1

11(b) Not α because count-rate with paper increase B1

Not β because count-rate with aluminium increase B1

is γ because count rate reduces with lead only OR does not reduce with paper or aluminium

B1





PHYSICS 0625/51 Paper 5 Practical October/November 2018

MARK SCHEME

Maximum Mark: 40

Published






















1(a) l0 sensible value, in mm 1

1(b)(i) Sensible l greater than l0 1

1(b)(ii) Correct calculation of e 1

1(b)(iii) k calculated correctly 1

1(c)(i) t sensible 1

1(c)(ii) T = t / 10 and T2 present with unit s2 1

1(c)(iii) Correct k within 20% of previous value 1

1(d) Statement matches results 1

Idea of within (or beyond) limits of experimental accuracy explained, e.g. close enough, very close, too far apart 1

1(e) At least 3 additional values given 1

Values between 50 g and 600 g 1





2(a)(i) I to at least 2 dp and < 1 A 1

2(a)(ii) V values to at least 1 dp and < 4 V 1

V values increasing 1

2(b) Graph:

Axes correctly labelled and right way round 1

Suitable scales 1

All plots correct to ½ small square 1

Good line judgement, single, thin, continuous line 1

2(c)(i) Triangle method seen on graph 1

At least half of candidate’s line used and G present 1

2(c)(ii) R correct to 2 or 3 significant figures 1

Unit Ω / cm OR Ω 1





3(a) Ray-trace:

Normal through block 1

Normal at centre of AB 1

3(b) Ray-trace: P1 and P2 at minimum distance apart of 5.0 cm

1

3(c)(i) a correct to ± 1 mm 1

3(c)(ii) b correct to ± 1 mm and both with correct unit 1

3(c)(iii) n correct, 2 or 3 significant figures with no unit 1

n = 1.35 to 1.64 1

3(d)(i) Second set of lines seen on trace in approximately correct positions and a and b recorded 1

3(d)(ii) n within 10% of value in (b) 1

3(e) Any two from: Lining up the pins exactly / seeing pins clearly Drawing accurate, thin lines Getting pins vertical Replacing block accurately on outline / outline larger than block / owtte

2





4 MP1 Workable, correct circuit diagram with power source and correct symbols for ammeter and voltmeter. 1

Method to include:

MP2 Measuring V and I 1

MP3 Repeating with at least two other values of V or power, and / or I 1

MP4 Measuring time to raise water temperature 1

MP5 Any ONE from: Same starting temperature Same finishing temperature Same temperature difference Same room temperature Same volume / mass / amount of water

1

MP6 Table with clear columns for time, V and I, with appropriate units and P (or VI) 1

MP7 Conclusion: Plot a graph of power against time. 1





PHYSICS 0625/61 Paper 6 Alternative to Practical October/November 2018

MARK SCHEME

Maximum Mark: 40

Published






















1(a) l0 = 22 (mm) 1

1(b)(i) e = 31 (mm) ecf allowed 1

1(b)(ii) k = 0.0968 (N / mm) ecf allowed 1

1(c)(i) t = 3.46 (s) 1

1(c)(ii) T= 0.346 (s) T2 = 0.12 (0.1197) 1

units s and s2 1

1(c)(iii) k = 0.1 1

1(d) Statement matches results 1

Idea of within (or beyond) limits of experimental accuracy explained, e.g. close (enough), very close, nearly the same; (too) far apart

1

1(e) At least 3 additional values given 1

Values between 50 g and 600 g 1





2(a) I = 0.48 1

2(b) V = 0.5 1

2(c) cm, V 1

2(d) Graph: Axes correctly labelled and right way round

1

Suitable scale 1

All plots correct to ½ small square 1

Good line judgement, single, thin, continuous line 1

2(e)(i) Triangle method seen on graph 1

At least half of candidate’s line used 1

2(e)(ii) R in range 0.040 to 0.055. No ecf allowed 1

Unit Ω / cm OR Ω 1





3(a)(i) Normal through block and at centre of AB 1

3(a)(ii) i = 30° on correct side of normal 1

3(a)(iii) P1 and P2 at minimum distance apart of 5.0 cm 1

3(b)(i) Line through P3 and P4 straight and continued to NL 1

3(b)(ii) a in range 17 mm to 21 mm 1

3(b)(iii) b in range 55 mm to 56 mm and both a and b with correct unit 1

3(b)(iv) n in range 1.31–1.65, 2 or 3 significant figures 1

3(c) n = 1.5 or 1.53, both n with no unit 1

3(d) Any two from: Getting pins vertical / pins are bent Lining up the pins exactly / seeing pins clearly Drawing accurate / thin lines Replacing block accurately on outline / outline larger than block / owtte

2

3(e) 3rd box (view bases of pins) 1





4 MP1 Workable, correct circuit diagram with power source and correct symbols for ammeter and voltmeter. 1

Method to include:

MP2 Measuring V and I 1

MP3 Repeating with at least two other values of V or power, and / or I 1

MP4 Measuring time to raise water temperature by a specific amount or to a specific value 1

MP5 Any ONE from: Same starting temperature Same finishing temperature Same temperature difference Same room temperature Same volume / mass / amount of water

1

MP6 Table with clear columns for time, V and I, with appropriate units and P(or VI) 1

MP7 Conclusion: Plot a graph of power against time. 1