1
Bank Job Bangla Highlight
e¨vs‡Ki cixÿvq †h me welq †_‡K cÖk′ Av‡m
e¨vKiY
evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi BwZnvm
fvlv
kã cÖKiY
mgv_©K kã
wecixZ kã
GK K_vq cÖKvk
evbvb
m‡gvPvwiZ kã
evMaviv
cvwifvwlK kã
cÖev` cÖePb
Abyev`
mwÜ
mgvm
KviK
aŸwbeY©
cyiæl I ¿xevPK kã
mvwnZ¨
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i mswÿß BwZnvm
Kwe mvwnwZ¨K‡`i Rb¥, g„Zz¨ I cyi¯‥vi
mvwnwZ¨K‡`i mvwnZ¨Kg©
cÖeZ©K, RbK
Dcvwa I QÙbvg
¸iæZ¡c~Y© PwiÎ
PiY, D×…wZ Ges evYx
2
evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi mswÿß BwZnvm
01| wLª÷c~e© mßg kZ‡K cvwYwb cÖ_g e¨KiY iPbv K‡ib
ms¯‥…Z fvlvq hvi bvg wQj ÒAóva¨vqxÓ|
02| cÖ_g evsjv e¨KiY iPbv K‡ib g¨vby‡qj `¨ Avmmy¤úmuvD
1734 mv‡j cZz©wMR fvlvq|
03| cÖ_g evsjv e¨KiY cÖKvwkZ nq 1743 mv‡j, cZz©MxR
fvlvq, ‡ivgvb ni‡d|
04| me©cÖ_g cZzM©xR fvlvq iwPZ evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi bvg
Vocabolario em idioma Bengalla, e
portuzuez dividido em duas partes.
05| Bs‡iRx‡Z cÖ_g evsjv e¨KiY iPbv K‡ib b¨v_vwb‡qj
eªvwm n¨vj‡nW 1778 mv‡j| Zvi e¨Ki‡Yi bvg A
Grammar of the Bengali Language|
06| ev½vjx‡`i g‡a¨ cÖ_g evsjv e¨vKiY iPbv K‡ib ivRv
ivg‡gvnb ivq 1826 mv‡j Bs‡iRx fvlvq| Zvi †jLv
e¨vKi‡Yi bvg Bengali Grammar in English
Language|
07| evsjv fvlvq cÖ_g evsjv e¨vKiY iPbv K‡ib ivRv
ivg‡gvnb ivq 1833 mv‡j| Zvi e¨vKi‡Yi bvg wQj
†M․oxq e¨vKiY|
08| W: gyn¤§` knx yjøvni †jLv e¨vKi‡Yi bvg Ôev½vjv
e¨vKiYÕ (1935)|
09| W: mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi †jLv e¨vKi‡Yi
bvg Òfvlv cÖKvk ev½vjv e¨vKiYÓ (1939)|
evsjv fvlvi mswÿß BwZnvm
1. fvlvi g~j Dcv`vb- aŸwb|
2. fvlvi g~j DcKiY- evK¨|
3. evsjv fvlv B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq fvlv †Mvôxi AšÍM©Z|
4. W. gynv¤§` knx yjøvn Gi g‡Z evsjv fvlvi Rb¥ nq
†M․oxq Acåsk †_‡K 650 wLª÷v‡ã A_©vr mßg
kZvãx‡Z|
5. W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq Gi g‡Z evsjv fvlvi Rb¥ nq
950 wLª÷v‡ã A_©vr `kg kZ‡K gvMax Acåsk †_‡K|
6. evsjv fvlvi fwMœ m¤úK©xq fvlv mg~n nj Amwgqv I
Iwoqv|
7. evsjv fvlvi D™¢e I weKvk m¤ú‡K© W. mybxwZ Kzgvi
P‡Ævcva¨vq GKwU eB wj‡Lb hvi bvg – ‘Origin and
Development of Bengali Language.
8. m¨vi RR© wMÖqvm©b- Gi g‡Z evsjv fvlvi DrcwË - gvMax
cÖvK…Z †_‡K|
9. m¨vi RR© wMÖqvm©‡bi gZ‡K mg_©b w`‡q‡Qb - W:
mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq|
10. evsjv fvlvi AvbygvwbK eqm - cÖvq †`o nvRvi eQi|
11. eZ©gv‡b c„w_ex‡Z fvlv cÖPwjZ Av‡Q - mv‡o wZb nvRv‡ii
†ewk|
12. eZ©gv‡b c„w_ex‡Z evsjv fvlv e¨enviKvixi msL¨v KZ-
cÖvq PweŸk †KvwU|
13. c„w_ex‡Z mKj fvlvi g‡a¨ evsjv fvlvi Ae vb - mßg|
14. fvlve¨enviKvix †jvKmsL¨vi we‡ePbvq evsjv fvlvi
Ae¯vb - PZz_©|
15. Official language ev `vßwiK cwifvlv wnmv‡e evsjv
fvlvi Ae vb - `kg|
evsjv fvlvi kã m¤¢vi
Zrmg (ms¯‥…Z) kã
K) Y, l, ¶, F, t : hy³ kã mg~n Zrmg (ms¯‥…Z) kã|
†hgbÑ jeY, e„¶, `x¶v, wk¶v, Fwl, KY©, P¶z BZ¨vw`|
L) evsjv mvZ ev‡ii bvg I ev‡iv gv‡mi bvg Zrmg/ms¯‥…Z
kã| †hgbÑ kwb, iwe, †mvg, Avlvp, kªveY, fv ª BZ¨vw`|
M) `k w`‡Ki bvg Zrmg kã| †hgbÑ DËi, `w¶Y, c~e©,
cwðg, ClvY, evqy, AwMœ, •biær, EaŸ©, Aat|
N) gnvKvk msµvšÍmKj kã Zrmg kã| †hgbÑ P›`ª, m~h©,
b¶Î, MÖn, DcMÖn, Dév, bxnvwiKv, a~g‡KZz BZ¨vw`|
O) wn›`y ag© msµvšÍmKj kã Zrmg kã| †hgbÑ †`e, †`ex,
ivgvqY, gnvfviZ, c~Rv BZ¨vw`|
P) ms¯‥…Z DcmM©, ms¯‥…Z cÖZ¨q Ges wemM© mwÜ mvwaZ mKj
kã Zrmg kã| †hgbÑ welgxfeb, mylg, gvbe, hv`e,
cvÐe BZ¨vw`|
Aa©Zrmg kã
Aa©Zrmg kãmg~n g~j kãmg~n †_‡K weK…Z n‡e|
†hgbÑ
Kv‡qZ (Kvq¯) cjøxi cyiæZ (cy‡ivwnZ) myiæh (m~h©)
†Wvevi ci P‱`‡ii (P‱ ª) †RvQbv (†R¨vrm′v) ivwˇi (ivwÎ) wgwËi
(wgÎ) cvovi †Mi (M„nv ) evwo‡Z †M‡jb †K‡óv (K…ò) VvKz‡ii
hwÁ (hÁ) Ki‡Z| AvR ew`¨ (•e`¨) VvKz‡ii †Qiv‡Ï (kªv‡×)
Zvi g‰Íi (g‰¿) covi †bg‰¿Y′ (wbg‰¿Y) wQj| wKš‧ wewói (e„wó)
Kvi‡Y AvR †Miv‡gi (MÖvg) wQwi (kªx) KzwQZ (KzrwmZ) n‡q
†M‡Q| Pvwiw`‡K Kv`vq cv co‡Z †Nb′vq (N„Yv) Zvi MZi (MvÎ)
Dwë‡q Avm‡Z jvMj| KvR †kl K‡i wZwb †L‡Z em‡jb| wKš‧
Lvev‡i †mvqv` (¯^v`) GZB wewQwi (wekªx) †h Zvi wcwË (wcË)
R¡‡j hvwQj| LveviUv DwQó (Drm„ó) g‡b n‡Z jvMj| Zvi
civY (cÖvY) hvq Ae v Ae‡k‡l hZ‡bi (h‡Z′i) mv‡_ m°j
(mKj) †K †cb′vg (cÖYvg) Rvwb‡q P‡j †M‡jb|
3
Z ¢e kã
g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e:- LuvwU evsjv kã nj Z™¢e kã| †`kx kã LuvwU
evsjv kã bq|
‡hgb:- KvbvB (K…ò) Ges Zvi eD evwo †_‡K cv-G nvUv cvnvwo
(cvnvo) gvwUi iv Ívi euvK †cwo‡q Puv‡`i nv‡U †M‡jb| fvj K‡i
nvZ gyL ay‡q gv_vq cvwb w`‡q Zviv gvQ w`‡q fvZ †Lj| Zviv
`BI †Lj| wKš‧ mv‡_ UvKv Kg _vKvq Zvi eD AvuP‡j evav UvKv
†ei K‡i w`j| Ae‡k‡l Puv‡`i Zviv Av‡jvq evwo wdij|
‡`kx kã
‡bov eûw`b c‡i evwo‡Z hvIqvq Zvi gv Zvi LvIqv wb‡q
A‡bK hZœ Ki‡jb| wZwb Kzjv fwZ© †XuwK QvUv PvDj, huvZvq fv½v
Wvj wb‡q cvwZ‡j K‡i Pzjvq Pvcv‡jb ivbœvi Rb¨| wZwb Pzjv
R¡vjv‡jb Lo, Kzov Avi Kqjv w`‡q|
Zvi gv hLb ivbœv Ki‡Qb †bov Nyi‡Z †e‡iv‡jb Ges
†`L‡jb IuZ †c‡Z _vKv GKwU evNWvk Zv‡`i Kv‡jv †Lvov cvVv
wU‡K Kvgo w`‡q‡Q| Zv †`‡L wZwb P‡j †M‡jb MÖv‡gi c‡_|
†`L‡jb Z‡`i †QvU LywK †Lvcv K‡i †NvgUv c‡o RjcvB Mv‡Qi
‡Mvovq e‡m _vbKzwb cvZv Zzj‡Q|
evwo †divi mgq wZwb guvPv †_‡K avgv fwZ© wS½v, ay‱`j I
jvD wb‡q wdi‡jb| Ae‡k‡l wZwb †cU f‡i Lvevi †L‡jb mewR,
†Usiv gv‡Qi †Svj, KvZjv, MRvi I †Pjv gv‡Qi †cvbv w`‡q|
we‡K‡j wZwb gB w`‡q MvQ †_‡K KzwoUv WvMi (Wv½i) Wve
cvi‡jb c‡i wZwb wWw½ wb‡q M‡Ä †M‡jb| †mLvb †_‡K evZvmv,
aywZ, †Xvj I †Uvco wKb‡jb| evwo †divi c‡_ jvwV w`‡q ev yo
I †Xvov mvc Zvwo‡q b`x‡Z †XD Zz‡j evwo wdi‡jb|
we‡`kx kã
evsjv fvlvq wewfbœ we‡`kx fvlv †_‡K A‡bK¸‡jv
we‡`kx kã G‡m‡Q| Z‡e wewfbœ fvlv †_‡K ag© msµvšÍA‡bK kã
G‡m‡Q| ZvB mn‡R g‡b ivLvi Rb¨ cÖ_‡g Pj ag© msµvšÍ kã
mg~‡ni QKwU †`wL|
Aviwe: gv ªvmvi gmwR‡` gyqvw¾‡bi Avhvb ï‡b gymwjøiv GKwÎZ
n‡jb| †`vqv †k‡l Bgvg mv‡ne d‡Zvqv w`‡jb †h- Avjøvn&
KziAv‡bi Avqv‡Z gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ Kvwjgv, mvjvZ, mvIg, nR¡,
hvKvZ, dih K‡i‡Qb| ywbqvi Gme Kivi †hvM¨Zv _vKvi ciI
hviv Ki‡eb bv Zv‡`i Cgvb bvB| Zviv Kvwdi| hviv imy‡ji
†`Lv‡bv c‡_ Bev`vZ Ki‡eb AvwLiv‡Z Zviv cv‡eb Rvb′vZ| Avi
hviv nvivg, nvjvj c‡ivqv Ki‡eb bv nvk‡ii gq`v‡b cv‡eb
Rvnvb′vg|
dviwm: †Lv`v †d‡ikZv wb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb ¸bvn& wnmve Kivi Rb¨|
bvgvh, †ivhv Ki‡j †e‡nkZ bB‡j †`vhL|
cZz©wMR: wMR©vi cvw ª µzk c‡o hxïi evYx cÖPvi K‡ib|
ms¯‥…Z/Zrmg: ivgvqY gnvfvi‡Zi †jLKiv, Fwliv †`e †`ex‡`i
c~Rvi ¸iæZ¡ eY©bv K‡ib| Zviv †`Lvb †e` I MxZvi †`Lv‡bv
gv‡M© hviv c_ Pj‡e Zv‡`i Rb¨ ¯^M© Zviv _vK‡e †`e‡jv‡K|
Ab¨_vq Avevi cybR©b¥ n‡e Ges Zvi ci ‡h‡Z n‡e bi‡K †hLv‡b
mKj cvcvZ¥vi wVKvbv|
Aviwe kã
evsjv fvlvq e¨eüZ cÖvq mKj AvBb msµvšÍkã Aviwe kã|
gRvi welq nj ÔAvBbÕ| ke`wUB Avevi dviwm kã| wKQz
D`vniY wb‡gœ †`Iqv nj:-
AvBb msµv‰Íkã
Av`vj‡Zi mvg‡bi gq`v‡b DwKj, †gv³vi, gyûwi, gy‡Ýd,
`vjvj I Avmvwgmn A‡b‡KB †gvKÏgvi Kvi‡Y Rgv‡qZ
n‡q‡Qb| Rjw` mK‡j GRjv‡m nvwK‡gi mvg‡b R‡ov n‡jb|
`wjj RvwjqvwZi ARynv‡Z gvgjv| IRi I ‣KwdqZ †kvbvi ci
nvwKg Kvq`v-Kvbyb wnmve K‡i Avmvwg‡`i GKRb‡K Rwigvbv
Ki‡jb AciRb‡K nvR‡Zi ûKzg w`‡jb| wKš‧ DPZi Av`vjZ
gvgjv LvwiR K‡i gvgjv i` K‡i w`‡jb|
wk¶v DcKiY I wk¶v msµv‰Íkã
gv`ivmv I g³‡e Qv·`i KziAv‡bi wZjvIqvZ I ZR©gvi
Dci Zvwjg †`Iqv nq| Zv‡`i c¶ †_‡KB Mwie wk¶v_x©‡`i
†`vqvZ, Kjg I wKZve †`Iqv nq G‡jg jv‡fi Rb¨| cÖwZ eQi
gnii‡gi w`b Qv·`i mb` cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
e¨emv msµv‰ÍZ_¨
gmjv e¨emv‡qi gvwjK gvZeŸi mv‡ne wm‱ yK †_‡K Znwe‡ji
A_© wb‡q e¨emv ïiæ Kij| wKš‧ LvRbv msµvšÍ wnmve wbKv‡k
Mj` nIqvq Zv‡`i e¨emv‡q †Kvb jvfB njbv| Aciw`‡K
Zzdv‡b RvnvR Wywei Kvi‡Y A‡bK †jvKmvb nIqvq †m dZzi n‡q
dwKi n‡q †Mj|
wewea
C‡`i w`b mKv‡j myjZvb Ges beve bv‡qe‡K mv‡_ wb‡q
dwKi I gymvwdi‡`i mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡jb| Aci w`‡K Avwgi Gi
Kb¨v ‡g․mygx Zvi KÉ mvd K‡i †gvjv‡qg ¯^‡i Zejv I Zvbcyiv
wb‡q MR‡ji †iIqvR KiwQj| Zvi GB MR‡ji myi †fv‡ii
nvIqvq ‡f‡m Qwo‡q coj|
dviwm kã
cÖkvmwbK kã
ev`kvn & Zvi `iev‡i e‡m ev‱`v‡`i bvwjk wb‡q KvR Ki‡Qb| AvR
dwiqv` G‡m‡Q †Mvg Ív I †ckKvi-Gi bv‡g| Zviv iOgnj bvgK
j¯‥iLvbvi `v‡ivqv‡bi KvQ †_‡K †e-AvBwb fv‡e eLwmm wb‡q‡Q|
miKvi cÖavb nIqvq wZwb Zv ei`v¯Íbv K‡i digvb cvwV‡q wmcvwn Øviv
Zv‡`i ‡MÖdZvi Kij| Zv‡`i KvivMv‡i wb‡q Zv‡`i Revbew‱` †bIqv
nj| †Mv‡q‱`viv Z`šÍKij| †e-kig, e¾vZ‡`i KvimvwR aiv covq
Zv‡`i cÖ_‡g eiLv¯Í c‡Î ev`kvn& `¯ÍLZ Ki‡jb| Zvici `yÕRb
4
cv‡jvqvb †Kv‡Zvqvj Zv‡`i Rjøv`‡`i nv‡Z n¯ÍvšÍi Kij| Ae‡k‡l
†Mvj‱`vR I Zxi‱`vR‡`i Øviv Zv‡`i g„Zz¨`Û †`Iqv nj|
e¨emvq msµv‰ÍZ_¨
Pkgvi KviLvbvq KvwiMiiv A‡bK †Lvk †gRvR wb‡q Lvmv
K‡i Pkgv •Zwi Kij| ‣Zwii ci †mwU‡K weµ‡qi Rb¨ †bqv nj
e‱`‡ii evRv‡ii `iMvi cv‡k †`vKv‡b| †`vKvb`vi bgybv wn‡m‡e
wKQz Pkgv Szwj‡q ivL‡jb| LwiÏviiv G‡m Zv‡`i †cvkvK I
†Pnvivi mv‡_ wgwj‡q †`L‡jb| cQ‱` n‡j Lye Lywk n‡q Lwi`
Ki‡jb| Pkgv †`vKvb †_‡K LyPiv I cvBKvwi yB fv‡eB wewµ
nj| †m․wLbiv Avg`vwb Kiv Pkgv e¨envi K‡ib| Ab¨w`‡K
A‡bK Pkgv ißvwb Kiv nq|
wewea
bZzb RvgvZv k¦ïi evwo hvevi †ejvq ¯¿xi Rb¨ evMvb evwMPv
†_‡K †Mvjvc MvwjPv wbj, k¦vïwii Rb¨ Rvg`vwb kvwo wbj Ges
k¦ï‡ii Rb¨ `wR©i †`vKvb †_‡K †ikwg Kvc‡oi cvqRvgv, cvÄvwe
I iægvj wbj| Lvb`vwb es‡ki k¦ïi evwo‡Z Zvi AvMg‡b
†kvi‡Mvj c‡o †Mj| mK‡j Avb‡›` †eûk n‡q †Mj| Zvi Rb¨ vi
cQ‡›`i Mig Lvbvi e‡‱`ve ÍKiv nj| Zvi Rb¨ ivav nj †gviM,
†cvjvI, wewiqvwb, Svj †MvmZ, mewR Ges RÏ©v| LvIqvi ci
Zv‡K ZigyR LvIqv‡bv nj| Ae‡k‡l mvbvB evwR‡q Zv‡K we`vq
†`Iqv nj|
iOabyi mvZ i‡Oi bxj (Zrmg) ev‡` evwK iO¸‡jvi bvg
dviwm kã|
wci mv‡ne †ivR mKv‡j wgwn ckwg Kvco c‡o †ivkbvB fv‡e
kvM‡i`‡`i mv‡_ †`Lv K‡ib| †mw`wb mKv‡j GK mivBLvbv
†_‡K GK kqZvb‡K †Rvi K‡i a‡i Avbv nj| wci mv‡ne Zvi
`iRvi big Z³vi Ici e‡m †cqvjv nv‡Z Zvi wePvi Ki‡jb|
wePv‡i Rvbvjvi KvV w`‡q Awfhy³i †Kvg‡i wcwU‡q Zv‡K
bv Ívbvey` K‡i Zvi †n ͇b¯ÍKiv nj|
ZzwK© kã
Lvb mv‡n‡ei evwo‡Z Zvi DReyK eveywP©i Ni †_‡K †eMg
mv‡n‡ei AvjLvjøv w`‡q evbv‡bv †evPKvq fiv jvk cvIqv †Mj|
`v‡ivMv evey Lvb mv‡n‡ei Ni †_‡K †Zvc, e‱ yK, PvKz, eviæ` I
KuvwP †µvK Kij Ges Zv‡K Kvey K‡i a‡i wb‡q †Mj| Ae‡k‡l
Zvi evev, `v`v-`vw` I bvbv-bvwb `v‡ivMv mv‡ne‡K Kzwb©k K‡i
gyP‡jKv w`‡q Zv‡K Qvwo‡q Avbj|
cZ©ywMR kã
eo †Q‡j ¯‥z‡j hvevi ci Avqv Zvi Rb¨ B¯úv‡Zi
Avjgvwii †fZ‡i Mvgjvq K‡i AuvZv, †cu‡c, †cqviv, Avbvim I
Ab¨vb¨ Lvevi ivLj| wKš‧ Zvi †QvU †Q‡j Pvwe nvwi‡q †djj|
c‡i wgw¯ ¿, evjwZ‡Z K‡i AvjKvZiv, Avjwcb I †c‡iK G‡b
Zvjv Lyjj| Zvi eo †Q‡j ¯‥zj †_‡K G‡m mvevb, †Zvqvjv,
evjwZ I gM wb‡q †Mvmj Kij| †Mvmj m¤úbœ K‡i †m dj¸‡jv
†Lj AviI †Lj AvPvi Ges †evgv gvK©v cvDiæwU| c‡i Kvgiv
†_‡K eviv‱`vq †ewo‡q †K`vivq e‡m †envjv evRvwQj| Zvi
D‡Ïk¨ wQj cv‡ki KvwY©‡k KvwgR cov I gv_vq wdZv euvav GK
†g‡q‡K Lywk Kiv| wKš‧ †g‡qi fvB wc Íj wb‡q Avkvq †m fq
†c‡q †Mj Ges Kvgivq wd‡i †Mj|
divwm kã
‡i‡bmuvi mgq divwm K¨v‡d †i‡ Íviuvq Bs‡iR I Ij‱`vRiv
e‡m we¯‥zU †L‡Z †L‡Z AvuZvZ KiwQj †h- mKj KvZz©R
ey‡R©vqv‡`i M¨v‡i‡Ri wW‡cv‡Z ivLv n‡e Ges Kzc‡bi gva¨‡g
n ÍvšÍi Kiv n‡e|
Rvcvwb kã
c¨v‡MvWvi cvw` ª Kviv‡Z P¨vw¤úqb mybvwg nvwiwKwii c~e©vfvm
ï‡b f‡q nvm′v‡nbv evMv‡b AvZ¥nZ¨v Kij| c‡i Zv‡K cÖ_‡g
wi·vq Ges c‡i mv¤úv‡b K‡i wb‡q hvIqv nj|
mgv_©K kã
AwM′ t Abj, ewý, cveK ,ûZvkb, ‣ek¦vbi, R¡jb,K…lvYy,
wkLver,wkwLby, evqymLv, ûZfyK, kywP, wc½j, wek¦cv,
wngviwZ,evqymLv, Awbj, mL, mßvsky, me©fyK ,wkLv|
Ak¦ t †Nvov, †NvUK, nq ,evRx, ZziM, Zzi½g, †kªô, evnb,
‡n«lv, giæ ª_, †NvUKx, †Nvox, evgx, eoev|
AvKvk t A¤i, †e¨vg, bf, MMb, AšÍix¶, k~b¨‡jvK,
Avmgvb, y¨‡jvK, bxwjgv, k~b¨, AbšÍ, myic_, A¤^i‡jvK,
L‡jvK, L‡Mvj, b¶Î‡jvK, B_vi, b‡fv‡jvK, b‡fvgÐj,
bf¯j, Qvqv‡jvK|
Ck¦i t Avjøv, †Lv`v, Bjvnx, mªóv, wek¦cwZ, ci‡gk¦i ,
RM`xk¦i, RM`xk, RMrcwZ, RMrwcZv,RMrmªóv, RMbœv_,
RMb¥q, fvM¨eÜz, Avw`bv_, c„w_¡k, Ag‡ik, AšÍhv©gx,
†jvKbv_, cigcyiæl, ci‡gk¦i, cigvZ¥v, c‡ik, ci‡gk, wefy
avZv, RMØÜz|
Kb¨v t ‡g‡q, Kb¨v, bw›`bx, Zbqv, `ywnZv, AvZ¥m¤¢ev, cywÎKv,
`vwiKv, ZbyRv, gvBqv, yjvjx, cyÎx, Kzgvix, K‡b , Sx, †ewU,
wSqvix, AvZ¥Rv|
‡KvwKj t †Kv‡qj, wcK, cif„Z, cicyó, Ab¨cyó, KvKcyó,
Kj‡Nvl, emšÍmLv, emšÍx, emšÍ`~Z, emšÍ †Nvl, Kyûg›`ª,
gay‡Nvl, †Kv‡qwjqv, KvKcyQ|
‡Kk/Pzj t AjK, wPKzi, KzšÍj, Pzj, Keix|
Pvu` t P›`ª, myavKi, kkx, kkai, kkv¼, wØRivR, wea~, †mvg ,
P›` ªgv, wbkvcwZ, wbkvPi, myavwbwa, wngvsï, myavsky ,myavKi,
B›`y , kxZvsï, g„Mv¼, wbkvbv_, iRbxKvšÍ, ZvivcwZ,
Zvivbv_, †R¨vrmœvbv_, iv‡Kk , myavwbwa|
‡XD t Ewg©, exwP , Zi½, K‡jøvj, D‡jøvj, wn‡jøvj, exwPgvjv,
jni , jnix, gnvZi¶v, g‡nvwg©, RjK‡jøvj †Rvqvi ,
Zi½f½, Zi½gvjv, Zi½jnix, †KvUvj, N~wY©|
5
Zxi t ZU, cywjb, •mKZ, K~j, wKbvi, Avkªq, Aewa, avi,
cvo, ki|
w`b t w`em, An, Aý, evi ,†ivR, evmi, AnivÎ, w`bivwÎ,
w`emiRbx, w`bhvwgbx, mveb ,PweŸkN›Uv, AócÖni, AvUcÖni|
bvix t igbx, ivgv, evgv, Aejv, gwnjv, ¯¿x, †g‡q, †g‡qgvbyl,
†g‡q‡Q‡j, jjbv, A½bv, gvbex, gvbweKv, Kvwgbx, AvIivZ ,
†Rbvbv, †NvwlZv, †Nvlv, Rvwb, evjv, ewbZv, fvgvbx, keix,
cÖZxc`wk©bx, ¿x‡jvK, fvwgbx|
b`x t b`, b`-b`x, ZwUbx, cÖevwnbx, ‣kevwjbx, †mªvZw¯^bx,
†mªvZ¯^Zx, wbS©wiYx, `wiqv, MvO, mwir, mgy`ªKvšÍv, mgy ª`wqZv,
†mªv‡Zvenv, g›`vwKbx, †mªv‡Zven, K‡jøvwjbx|
cvwb t Rj, evwi, mwjj, Ac, bxi , D`K, D`, †Zvq, eviæY,
cÖb`, Biv, Bjv, cy®‥i , m¤¢e , Zvgi, kx‡ZvËg, Rxeb |
cvwL t wenM, wen½, kKzšÍ, LM, wØR, AšÍR, †LPi, cÎM,
cÎx, c¶ai, wPwoqv, cvL-cvLvwj|
cÙ t Kgj, Drcj, c¼R, Kzgy` , ‣Kie, Kyej, Kz‡ej,
A‡šÍvR, Kzejq, Kzgy`x, kZ`j, Aiwe›`, bwjb, ivRxe,
bwjbx, m‡ivR, m‡ivwRg , mwjjR, wemKzmyg, wemR, ivwÎnvm,
KvÄ, bxiR, Bw›`ivjq, Kz‡kkq, bxjcÙ, bx‡jvrcj, bxj
Kgj, jvjcÙ, i³Kzgy`, i³Kgj, †k¦Z Kgj|
ce©Z t wMwi, ‣kj, cvnvo, Aw ª, f~ai, gnxai, bM, APj,
k„½ai, wMwiai, bvMvwaivR, w¶wZai, †gw`bxai, c„w_exai,
c„_¡xai, Aebxai, aiYxai, aivai, emyavai|
cyÎ t AvZ¥R, b›`b, `yjvj, myZ, Zbq, †Q‡j, †LvKv,
Av‡Z¥v™¢e, ZbyR, ¯^R, `viK, Kzgvi, cyÎK, cyZ, †cv, cy‡j,
‡cvZK, ‡eUv|
cv_i t cvlvY, cÖ¯Íi, wkjv, wkj, Dcj, Ak¥, iZœ, gwY `„lr,
KuvKi, K¼i|
c„w_ex t RMr, fyeb, msmvi, wek¦, ivR¨, aiv, aiYx , awiÎx,
emygZx, c„_¡x, ywbqv, f~gÐj, gZ©¨, emyav, f~ , Aebx , gnx,
†gw`bx, w¶wZ, aivZj, aivavg|
evZvm t evqy, ceb, mgxi, mgxiY, Awbj, giær, gviæZ, evwZ,
evqy, AvïM, cegvb, m`vMwZ, bftk¦vm, kãen, AwMœmLv,
ewýmLv, RMZvqy, RMrcÖvY, gvZwek¦v, RMØj, MÜevn, nvIqv,
cÖfRb, K|
eb t AiY¨, KzÄ, KvšÍvi, wewcb, AUex, R½j, ebR½j, `ve,
ebvbx, ebx, Kvbb, AiY¨vbx, ebev`vo, ev`vo, †Svc, R½jvU,
ebf~wg, ebvÂj|
e„¶ t Ziæ, `ªæg, kvLx, cv`c, gnxiæn, Dw™¢`, AUex, wkLix,
cYx©|
we`y¨r t Zwor, Pcjv, PÂj, Akwb, ¶YcÖfv, AwPi, AbycÖfv,
†m․`vwgbx, `vwgbx, weRjx, k¤úv|
‡gN t Rj`, evwi`, Rjai, bxi`, Nb, Rxg~Z, Aå, A¤^yevn,
A¤^yevnx, c‡qvai, c‡qv`, A¤yai, Kv`w¤bx, bxiai, Bi¤§`|
gq~i t Kjvcx, †KKx, wkLx, wkLÐx|
ivRv t b„‡c›`ª, b„cwZ, b‡ik, f~cwZ, f~c, bicwZ, f~cvj,
gnxcvj, Ðai, b„c, b„cvj, bivwac, b‡i›`, bi‡`e, w¶Zxk,
w¶wZc, AebxcwZ, Aebxk, Awac, Aaxk¦i, gnxk, cvZkv,
mgªvU, iv‡R› ª, kv‡nbkv, b„cgwY|
ivZ t ivwÎ, ivwZ, Agv, wbwk, wbkv, wbkx_, ivZ, iRbx,
hvwgbx, hgeZx, hvgx, hvwgKv, ke©ix, wefveix, wbkxw_bx,
wbïwZ, ¶Y`v, b³, ¶cv, Zvgmx, Amyqv|
mgy`ª t mvMi, mvqi, wmÜz, `wiqv, Rjwa, A¤^ywa, A¤^ywbwa,
cv_vi, Rjwbwa, cÖ‡PZv, R‡j›`ª, AK~j, AK~j cv_vi,
R‡jk¦i, RjviY¨, evwiwa, Rjai, iZœvKi, iZœMf©, bxjv¤y,
aiYxcjøe, bxiwa, bxiwbwa, †Zvqwbwa, c‡qvwa, Rjwac,
evwiai, evix›`ª|
¯^Y© t †mvbv, myeY©, KvÂb, KbK, wniY¨, wniY, gnvavZz, †ng,
Key©K|
mvc t mc©, Awn, dYx, bvM, fyRM, f~R½g, Avkxwel, DiM,
Kz‣jx, welai, cbœM, wØwRne|
¯^M© t †`e‡jvK, †`ecyix, †`evjq, ¯M©‡jvK, ¯M©avg,
¯^M©ivR¨, ¯^M©cyix, y¨‡jvK, AgZ©¨‡jvK, AgZ¨©fyeb, Agiv,
AgiveZx, Agivjq, Agiv‡jvK, wÎw`e, aªæe‡jvK, B› ª‡jvK,
B›`ªcyix, cyY¨‡jvK, Ag„Z‡jvK, EaŸ©‡jvK|
m~h© t iwe, Zcb, mweZv, cÖfvKi, w`evKi, fv¯‥i, w`‡bk,
w`bgwY, w`bcwZ, fvby, Avw`Z¨, gvZ©Û, Askygvjx, w`bbv_,
DlvcwZ, wPÎfvby, w`bKi, w`evemy, wefvemy, wefvKi, c~lY,
Asïgvb|
wecixZ kã
cÖ Ë kã wecixZ kã cÖ Ë kã wecixZ kã
AvKl©Y weKl©Y mÂq AcPq
c_ wec_ DbœZ vebZ
ev`x weev`x DrKl© AcKl©
hy³ wehy³ hk Achk
mdj wedj mej `ye©j
mykªx wekªx myK…Z `y®K…Z
¯§„wZ we¯§„wZ myL `ytL
wVK ‡ewVK myjf `yj©f
Zvj ‡eZvj mykxj `ytkxj
nvj ‡envj Avmj bKj
ûuk ‡eûuk Avw¯ÍK bvw¯ÍK
AMÖ cðvr jv‡qK bvjv‡qK
APj mPj LyuZ wbLyuZ
AbyK~j cÖwZK~j ‡LuvR wb‡LuvR
AšÍi evwni weiZ wbiZ
AšÍi½ ewni½ Avkv wbivkv
Aag DËg Drmvn wbiærmvn
AagY© DËgY© ‡`vlx wb‡`©vl
6
Aí AwaK abx wba©b, `wi`ª
AvuwV kuvm cÖej `ye©j
AvKzÂY cÖmviY ‡ivM bx‡ivM
Av‡M wc‡Q m‡Pó wb‡ðó
Avc` m¤ú` m`q wb`©q
Avcb ci m¤^j wbtm¤^j
Av`vb cÖ vb mim bxim
Avw` AšÍ mvKvi wbivKvi
Avwef©ve wZ‡ivfve AÁ weÁ
Avg`vwb ißvwb Abyi³ wei³
Avq e¨q AbyivM weivM
Avmj bKj Bn‡jvK ci‡jvK
BZi f`ª Bnv Dnv
B`vwbs Z`vwbs DÌvb cZb
EaŸ© Aa DbœwZ AebwZ
I Ív` mvM‡i` IVv bvgv
µq weµq ‡Kvgj KK©k
LvZK gnvRb LuvwU ‡fRvj
Mwiô jwNô ‡Lvjv eÜ
MÖnY eR©b M„nx mbœ¨vmx
‡Pvi mvay NvZ cÖwZNvZ
Rb¥ g„Zz¨ QvÎ wk¶K
RvMwiZ wbw`ªZ Ro ‡PZb
UvUKv evwm ‡Rvqvi fvUv
‡Wvev fvm VvÐv Mig
`vZv MÖnxZv ‡ZRx wb‡¯ÍR
`yó wkó `xN© n«¯
‡`bv cvIbv ‡`Iqv ‡bIqv
big k³ bZzb cyivZb
eÜb gyw³ wb›`v cÖksmv
ea©gvb ¶xqgvb ei ‡e․
wein wgjb evPvj ¯^ífvlx
e¨_© mv_©K ‡evKv PvjvK
fxZz mvnmx wfZi evwni
†fuvZv aviv‡jv f~Z fwel¨r
g„`y cÖej gyL¨ ‡M․Y
jNy ¸iæ iæMœ my¯
kÎæ wgÎ jvj Kv‡jv
mgwó e¨wó mZ¨ wg_¨v
m„wó aŸsm my›`i KzrwmZ
¯^Kxq ciKxq ¯§„wZ we¯§„wZ
¯^vaxb civaxb ¯^M© biK
nvjKv fvwi nvi wRZ
K…wÎg ¯^vfvweK n«vm e„w×
¶z`ª e„nr KvR AKvR
LyPiv cvBKvwi DcPq AcPq
¸iæ jNy K…ZÁ AK…ZÁ,
K…ZNœ
NvUwZ evowZ ‡K‡Rv A‡K‡Rv
‡PvLv ‡fuvZv ‡PZb A‡PZb
Rq civRq ‡Pbv A‡Pbv
Rxeb giY Rvbv ARvbv
VKv ‡RZv Ávbx AÁvb
wZi¯‥vi cyi¯‥vi ag© Aag©
w`b ivZ bk¦i Awebk¦i
`~i wbKU j²x Aj²x
abx wba©b, Mwie kvšÍ AkvšÍ
wbw`ªZ RvMÖZ wkó Awkó
eÜz kÎæ ïf Aïf
eo ‡QvU kª×v Akª×v
‡e‡nk&Z ‡`vRL mvšÍ AbšÍ
fq mvnm ¯vei A¯vei, R½g
fxiæ wbfx©K AwZe„wó Abve„wó
wgjb wein AwfÁ AbwfÁ
ivRv cÖRv A_© Ab_©
jvf ¶wZ,
†jvKmvb AvPvi AbvPvi
kxNÖ wej¤ AvZ¥xq AbvZ¥xq
mv_©K e¨_© Av`i Abv`i
w¯i PÂj Avek¨K Abvek¨K
¯^Zš¿ ciZš¿ Avwej Abvwej
niY c~iY Av v Abv¯v
nvwm Kvbœv BQv AwbQv
DP wbP Bó Awbó
D`q A¯Í Dcw¯Z Abycw¯Z
G‡jv‡g‡jv ‡MvQv‡bv DcKvi AcKvi
gvb Acgvb
7
evK¨ ms‡KvPb
wewfbœ iKg bvix...
‡h bvix GKwU gvÎ mšÍvb cÖme K‡i‡Q - KvKeܨv|
‡h bvixi wnsmv bvB - Abm~qv|
‡h bvixi nvwm my›`i - mywPw¯§Zv|
‡h bvixi GLbI we‡q nqwb- Ab~pv|
‡h bvixi cvjb Ac‡ii Øviv- cif„wZKv|
‡h bvixi ¯^vgx - cyÎ †bB- Afxiv|
‡h bvixi †Kk my›`i- my‡Kkv|
‡h bvixi `vZ my›`i- my`‰Íx|
‡h bvixi m¤cÖwZ weevn n‡q‡Q- b‡evpv|
‡h bvixi ¯^vgx we‡`‡k _v‡K - †cªvwlZfZ©„Kv|
‡h bvix Ac‡ii Øviv cwiPvwjZ- cif„wZKv|
‡h bvix c~‡e© A‡b¨i evM`Ëv wQj- Ab¨c~e©v|
‡h bvix ¯^vgxi cªwZ Abyi³v- cÖwZeªZv|
Ab¨ KZ…K weevwnZv- c‡ivpv|
‡h ¯^vgxi ¯¿x we‡`‡k _v‡K - †cªvwlZfvh ©v|
hyeZx Rvqv hvi- hyeRvwb|
¯¿xi ekxf~Z †h - •¯¿Y|
cÖ_gv ¯¿x RxweZ _vwK‡Z wØZxq evi `vi MÖnY - Awa‡e`b|
wewfbœ iKg B”Qv...
ejvi BQv - wee¶v|
‡`Lvi BQv- w``„¶v|
Kivi BQv- wPKxl©v|
‡kvbvi BQv- ïkÖ~lv|
nbb Kivi BQv - wRNvsmv|
wb›`v/ †Mvcb Kivi BQv -Ry¸áv|
cvb Kievi BQv- wccvmv|
‡fvRb Kwievi BQv - eyfy¶v|
egb Kwievi BQv- weewglv|
‡eu‡P _vKvi BQv- wRRxwelv|
‡mev Kivi BQv- wm‡lwelv|
Mg‡bi BQv- wRMwglv|
weRq jvf Kivi BQv- wewRMxlv|
cÖwZweavb/cÖwZKvi Kivi BQv- cÖwZwewarmv|
hy× Kivi BQv- hyhyrmv|
cÖ‡e‡ki BQv- wewe¶v|
‡fvRb Kivi BQv- wRNrmv|
gyw³ †c‡Z BQyK- gygy¶z|
¶gv Kivi BQv- wZwZ¶v|
niY Kivi BQv- wRNxl©v|
wewfbœ iKg WvK I aŸwb...
A‡k¦i WvK- †n«lv|
ev‡Ni WvK- K…wË|
gq~‡ii WvK- †KKv|
KzKz‡ii WvK- ey°b|
‡g‡Ni WvK- g‱`ª|
nw¯Íi wPrKvi - e„snwZ|
nwi‡Yi Pvgov - AwRb|
exYvi SsKvi -wb°b|
wms‡ni MR©b- bv`|
KK©k aŸwb- ‡µ¼vi|
AjsKv‡ii aŸwb- wkÄb|
M¤¢xi aŸwb- g‰¿|
aby‡Ki aŸwb- UsKvi|
SbSb kã- SbrKvi|
AwZ D‣Pt¯i- Zvi¯^i|
wewea....
‡h Ac‡ii †jLv Pzwi K‡i - Kz¤¢xj|
Aw¶i A‡MvPi- c‡iv¶|
Aw¶i m¤§y‡L- cÖZ¨¶|
Aw¶i mgx‡c- mg¶|
Abve„Z †`‡n †i․`ª mœvb- m~h©mœvb|
AšÍM©Z Ac hvi- AšÍixc|
A_©nxb Dw³- cÖjvc|
Ak¦, n¯Íx, i_ I c`vwZK- PZzi½|
AvKvk I c„w_ex- µ›`mx|
‡h †Kv‡bv wel‡q ¯ú„nv nvwi‡q‡Q - exZ¯ú„n|
hv jvwd‡q P‡j- cøeM|
hv Aa¨qb Kiv n‡q‡Q - AaxZ|
wbZvšÍ `» nq †h mg‡q - wb`vN|
hvi Dfq nvZ mgvb P‡j - me¨mvPx|
fwel¨r bv †f‡e KvR K‡i - Aweg„k¨Kvix|
hv c~‡e© †`Lv hvqwb Ggb - A`„óc~e ©|
B›`ªxq‡K Rq K‡i‡Q †h - wR‡Z‱`ªxq|
B›`ª‡K Rq K‡i‡Q †h - B‱`ªwRZ|
hvnv fvlvq cÖKvk Kiv hvq bv - Awbe©Pbxq|
kÎæ‡K nbb K‡i †h kÎæN′|
hvnvi `vwo D‡V bvB - ARvZk¥kÖæ|
kw³i Dcvmbv K‡i †h- kv³|
Awi‡K `gb K‡i †h- Awi‱`g|
‡h Mgb K‡i bv- bM|
‡h MvRvi †bkv K‡i - †Mu‡Rj|
hvnv evK¨ I g‡bi A‡MvPi- AevOgvbm‡MvPi|
Pwe©Z Pe©b cÖwµqv- †ivg‰b|
Kv‡R hvnvi AwfÁZv Av‡Q- KwiZKg©v|
‡h-e¯‧ cvB‡Z BQv Kiv hvq- CwáZ|
Nl©Y ev †clY RvZ MÜ- cwigj|
whwb b¨vq fvj Rv‡bb- •bqvwqK|
‡hLv‡b gvwQ ch©šÍ bvB- wbg©w¶K|
Øv‡i Øv‡i wf¶v MÖnY K‡i ‡h- gvayKi|
hvnv a¨v‡bi †hvM¨- †a¨q|
Avqyi c‡¶ wnZKi- Avqyl¨|
GK fvlvi g‡a¨ Ab¨ fvlvi cÖ‡qvM- eyKwb|
Fwli Øviv Dò- Avh©|
cv ayBevi Rj- cv`¨|
whwb ¯§„wZ kv¯¿ Rv‡bb- ¯§vZ©|
‡h Av‡ivnb Kwiqv‡Q- Aviæp|
hv Pz‡l LvIqv hvq- Pzl¨|
hv †P‡U †L‡Z nq- †jn¨|
hv wPwe‡q ‡L‡Z nq- Pe©¨|
AwMœ Drcv`‡bi KvV- AiwY|
mv‡ci †Lvjm- wb‡g©vK|
‡h mšÍvb wcZvi g„Zz¨i ci R‡b¥‡Q- gi‡YvËiRvZK|
Avg„Zz¨ hy× K‡i †h- mskßK|
8
evsjv evbvb ixwZ
†Kv‡bv k‡ãi †k‡l hw` (C/x) Kvi _v‡K Ges Zvi c‡i hw`
Z¡/ Zv/ bx/ Bbx/ mfv/ cwil`/ ZË¡/ we`¨v/ RMr/ evPK
BZ¨vw` kã ev kãvsk †hvM Ki‡j c~‡e©i ÔC/xÕ Kvi ÔB/wÕ
Kv‡i cwiYZ n‡e| †hgbÑ AwaKvix + Z¡ = AwaKvwiZ¡, m½x
+ bx = mw½bx, DcKvix + Zv = DcKvwiZv, cÖvYx + we`¨v =
cÖvwYwe`¨v, AwaKvix + bx = AwaKvwiYx, cÖvYx + ZË¡ =
cÖvwYZË¡, weRqx+bx= weRwqbx, AwaKvix > AwaKvwiYx,
cÖYqx > cÖYwqbx, `yLx> ywLbx BZ¨vw`|
ÔAvwjÕ, Ô AÄwjÕ, ÔAvewjÕ; cÖZ¨q hy³ k‡ãi †k‡l B-Kvi
n‡e| †hgb- †mvbvwj, iƒcvwj, c~evwj, eY©vwj, wgZvwj,
•PZvwj, MxZvwj, MxZvÄwj, cÖkœvewj, kÖ×vÄwj, `„k¨vewj|
ms¯‥…Z kã Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb k‡ã C ev C-Kvi e¨eüZ n‡e
bv|
‡`k, RvwZ I fvlvi bv‡gi ‡¶‡Î C-Kvi I E-Kvi Gi
¯‡j B-Kvi I D-Kvi n‡e| †hgb- Bs‡iwR, Rvcvwb,
cvwK Ívwb, AvdMvwb, Bivwb, ZzwK© BZ¨vw`|
B D Ñ mKj A-Zrmg k‡ã †Kej C I E e¨eüZ bv n‡q
B Ges D (w, y) e¨eüZ n‡e| †hgb: whï (hxï bq), cvw ª
(cv ªx bq)|
ms¯‥…Z ¯¿xevPK k‡ã C I E e¨eüZ n‡e Ab¨vb¨ †¶‡Î B
Ges D (w, y) e¨eüZ n‡e | †hgb: ¯¿x, †bÎx, `vw`, bvwb
BZ¨vw`|
D/E-Kvi msµv‰ÍÍ wbqg
ms¯‥…Z kã Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb k‡ã E ev E-Kvi ( ~ ) e¨eüZ
n‡e bv|
A™¢yZ- Gi fyZ Qvov me Òf~ZÓ G `xN© D- Kvi ( ~ ) nq|
†hgb- A½xf~Z, Awff~Z, Avwef©~Z, D™¢~Z, GKxf~Z,
ekxf~Z|
`~iZ¡ †evSv‡Z Ò ~i" Ab¨_vq Ò yiÓ n‡e| †hgb- ~i`k©b,
`~iMvgx, ~iex¶Y, c¶všÍ‡i- yišÍ, `yb©vg, ye©j, `ywf©¶,
`yb©xwZ, `yivPvi, y`©všÍ|
Ab¨vb¨
O, T, Y, b, g Ñ GB bvwmK¨ eY©¸wj hLb †Kv‡bv e‡Y©i
Av‡M hy³ nq ZLb H eMx©q e‡Y©i mv‡_B ïay gvÎ hy³ nq
Ab¨ e‡M©i eY© mv‡_ hy³ nq bv| †hgbÑ c¼, k,L, M½v
R,`‹N, gÂ, evÃv, e¨Äbv, SÅv, NÈv, eÈK, MÖšÍ, Avb
m¤cÖ`vb, m¤ú`, jç, A¤i BZ¨vw`|
b/Y Ges l/m Y-Z¡ I l-Z¡ weavb Abyhvqx e¨envi Ki‡Z
n‡e|
k‡ãi †k‡l (t) wemM© _vK‡e bv| †hgb Kvh©Z, g~jZ, e ‧Z,
µgk|
ÔAv‡bvÕ cÖZ¨qvšÍ k‡ãi †k‡l (‡ v) ÔIÕ Kvi hy³ Kiv n‡e| Ñ
Kiv‡bv, ejv‡bv, LvIqv‡bv|
nm wPý ( & ) ev EaŸ©Kgv ( Õ) h_vm¤¢e eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb-
Kie, PU, yRb, Pvik| Z‡e fyj DPvi‡Yi Avk¼v _vK‡j e¨envi
Ki‡Z n‡eчhgb - Dn&, hvn&|
Bs‡iwR ev Bs‡iwRi gva¨‡g AvMZ k‡e 'S' Gi v‡b ÔmÕ
Ges Sh, Sion, Ssion, tion BZ¨vw` ¯v‡b ÔkÕ e¨eüZ
n‡e|
wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© evbvb
AK¯§vr
AMϬvkq
AMœy¨rcvZ
AwPšÍ¨
Awb›`¨
Ab~a٩
AšÍtmË¡v
AšÍR©vjv
A‡šÍ¨wówµqv
AgZ©¨
Aj¨N
Ak¦_
AvKvv¶
Av`©ª
D‣Pt¯‡i
DQ¡vm
D¾¡j
D˨³
Dw™¢¾
Dch©y³
Dcjwä
KvwZ¶
K…wËevm
K¡wPr
µzi
¶zä
¶zwbœe„wË
Mvn©¯
MÖx®§
N~Y©¨gvb
R‡jvQ¡vm
RvR¡j¨gvb
Rxevk¥
R¡i
R¡jR¡j
R¡jv
R¡vjv
R¡vjvwb
‡R¨ô
‣R¨ô
‡R¨vr¯œv
‡R¨vwZ
Zx¶è
Z¡K
Z¡iY
Z¡ivwš^Z
Z¡wiZ
Z¨³
`qv ©ª
`vwi ª¨
`yivKvv¶
`ywb©ix¶¨
‡`․ivZ¥¨
Ø›Ø
wØZxq
wØav
‡Øl
‣ØZ
ب_©
`~¨Zµxov
aŸsm
aŸb¨vZ¥K
bT_©K
9
&Ea٩
GZØviv
GZبZxZ
J¾j¨
J×Z¨
KZ©„
KZ©„K
KΩx
`axwP
‡K․Z~nj
wKsev
cO&w³
c²
civgyL
cwi¯ªveY
cvk¦©
cÖwZØw›ØZv
cÖwZØ›Øx
cÖZ~¨l
cÖvZtK…Z
cÖvZå©gY
‡cÖv¾¡j
‡c․‡ivwnZ¨
e¶¨gvY
e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
eܨv
e‡qv‡R¨ô
ewnwiw›`ªq
evZ¨vweaŸ Í
evj¥xwK
weؾb
wefxwlKv
wef~wZf~lY
‡R¨vwZlx
‡R¨vwZ®‥
UxKvwUàbx
Zr¶Yvr
ZË¡
ZË¡eavb
ZبZxZ
ZvwˡK
wKixU
LwPZ
MÖnxZv
e¨Äbv
e¨wZµg
e¨wZe¨¯Í
e¨ZxZ
e¨Z¨q
e¨_v
e¨w_Z
e¨c‡`k
e¨e‡Q`
e¨eavb
e¨emv
e¨e v
e¨envi
e¨q
e¨_©
e¨¯Í
ey¨rcwË
e~¨n
eªvþY
‡f․MwjK
åvZ…Z¡
gaym~`b
wb°Y
wbØ›Ø
wbw`©¦av
‣bF©Z
b¨¯Í
by¨â
b~¨b
cK¡
M ©f
Nwbô
Pe©¨
h²v
hk¯x
hvTv
iwk¥
‡i․Í`ª
j²Y
j²x
km¨
kvk¦Z
wki‡ñ`
wkl¨
k¦kyi
k¦kÖæ
‡k¨b
‡kø®§v
lvY¥vwmK
msea©bv
mËv
mˡ
mܨv
mbϬvm
mbϬvmx
‣ewPÎ
‣e`»¨
‣ewkô¨
e¨³
e¨w³¯^vZšÍ¿
e¨Mª
e¨½
RxweKv
wckvP
cK¡
ZrKvjxb
ZvwoZ
Z¨³
`~lYxq
h‡kvivwk
wkitcxov
mseiY
msev`
RMØÜz
gbtKó
gb¯ÍË¡
gšÍ^šÍi
gZ©¨
gnˡ
gvnvZ¥¨
gyn©~gyn~
gyn~Z©
AZ¨waK
BZtc~‡e©
Aa¨qb
A`¨vwc
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DQ¡wmZ
Ea٩
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HiveZ
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SÅv
Zw×Z
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m‡¤§jb
mi¯Zx
mvwˡK
mvšÍbv
wm›`~i
m~²
‡m․nv ©¨
¯^Ztù~Z©
¯^Ë¡
¯^vQ›`¨
¯^vqZ¡kvmb
¯^v ¨
¯§iY
nxb¤§b¨Zv
n«¯
n«vm
msewjZ
K¼Y
b„ksm
me©v‡cÿv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© evbvb
mgxPxb, nixZwK, evj¥xwK, B‡Zvg‡a¨, Awfkvc, wZi¯‥vi,
cwi®‥vi, g~a©b¨, M„wnYx, wkitcxov, Af¨šÍixb, wbkx_, A‡avMwZ,
wbixn, wecixZ, wbix¶Y, ~lYxq, ‡ZRw¯…qZv, gyn©~gyn~©, wefxwlKv|
10
m‡gvPvwiZ kã
Ak¦ ‡Nvov
Ak¥ cv_i
Avevm evm Ívb
Avfvm AwffvlY, Avjvc, f~wgKv, gyLeÜ
Avfvm Bw½Z, A¯úó cÖKvk
KzU ce©Zk„½, `yM©
K~U KywUj
Pz¨Z öwjZ,cwZZ, fªó
P~Z Avg
Zzjv `vwocvjøv
Z~jv Kvc©vm
`vwo `vwocvjøv, c~Y©‡Q` wPý
`vox ‡h †b․Kvq `vo Uv‡b
`vwo k¥kÖƒ
`xc cÖ`xc
wØc n¯Íx, nvZx
Øxc Rj‡ewóZ f~fvM
wbivk nZvk, Avkvnxb
wbivm cÖZ¨vL¨vb, wbeviY, wbimb
wbwkZ kvwYZ, aviv‡jv, ¶ziavi
wbkx_ Mfxi ivwÎ
bxo cvwLi evmv, Kzjvq
bxi Rj, cvwb
evU nvZj, Mevw`i ¯Íb
evU c_
wek Kywo, wesk
wel Mij, njvnj
wem g„Yvj
wew¯§Z Avðh©vw¤^Z
we¯§„Z hv fy‡j hvIqv n‡q‡Q
kiY Avkªq
¯§iY ¯§„wZ
wkj wkjv, cv_i
kxj PwiÎ , ¯^fve, cÖe„wË
mxj mxj‡gvni
kyw³ wSbyK
myw³ myePb, †e`gš¿, myfvwlZ
ïwP ï×, cweÎ, wbg©j
mywP wbN©›U, cÖšvw`I welq ZvwjKv, myP
ïi exi
myi Kɯ^i , †`eZv
myi m~h©
kªeY KY©
mªeY ¶iY
mË¡ Aw¯ÍZ¡, cÖvY, mËv
¯^Z¡v AwaKvi, gvwjKvbv, ¯^vwgZ¡
mv¶i A¶iÁvbwewkó
¯^v¶i bvgmwn, `¯ÍLZ
mv_© ewYK, abevb&
¯^v_© wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb, wb‡Ri jvf
my` Kzmx`
m~` cvPK
ür ü`q
üZ AvüZ, AvbxZ
evMaviv
wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© evMaviv
A
ARMi e„wË = Avj‡mwg
Ae‡ime‡i = Kv‡j-f‡ ª
Am~h©¯úk¨v = M„‡n AšÍÍixY
A¶‡i A¶‡i = m¤ú~Y©fv‡e
A Av K L = cÖv_wgK Ávb
A¶q eU = cÖvPxb e¨w³
Aa©P‱`ª = Mjva°v
Agvem¨vi Puv` = `yj©f e ‧
AÜKv‡i wXj †Quvov = cyivcywi Av›`v‡R KvR Kiv
A‣_ Rj = fxlY wec`
Aby‡iva †XuwK ‡Mjv = c‡ii Aby‡iv‡a Kó cvIqv
Av
AvKvk aiv = e„wó eÜ nIqv
AvKv‡k _y_y †djv = wb‡RiB ¶wZ Kiv
Av‡°jg‰ÍÍ. Av‡°jg‱` = we‡ePbv K‡i Ggb
AvUKcv‡j = nZfvM¨
AvULvb Kiv, AvULvbv Kiv = UzK‡iv UzK‡iv Kiv
Avwg-Avwg Kiv = AvZ¥cÖksmv Kiv
Av‡qvmy‡qv = maev ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki `j
AvuKzcuvKz Kiv = QUdU Kiv
AvKv‡ki Puv` = `yj©f e ‧
Av‡°j¸Wyg = nZeyw× nIqv
Avbvwo = AcUz, AbwfÁ
11
B
BZzwb`Ku‡o = Ajm
BuP‡o cvKv = AKvjc°
Bj‡k ¸uwo = ¸uwo ¸uwo e„wó
Bu`yi Kcv‡j = g›`fvM¨
BZi we‡kl = cÖ‡fa ev cv_©K¨
B‡`i Puv` = KvwZ e¶ ‧
D
D‡ov K_v = ¸Re
DobPÐx = DQ„Lj
DKi-avKi = G‡jvcv_vwo
Dwbk-wek = mvgvb¨ cv_©K¨
Dcob‡c‡K = Ace¨qx
DjyLvMov = ¸iæZ¡nxb †jvK
D‡ov wPwV = †ebvwg cÎ
EbcuvR‡i = Ac`v_©
EbcÂvk evqy = cvMjvwg
Ewg©gvjx = mgy`ª
G
GK jvngvq = GK gyû‡Z©
G‡j‡e‡j = wbK…ó
GK †PvLv = c¶cvZ yó
GKv`k e„n®úwZ = gnv‡m․fvM¨
GK ¶z‡i gv_v gyov‡bv = GK `jfy³
GK K_vi gvbyl = `„p msKí e¨w³
Gjvwn KvÛ = weivU Av‡qvRb
K
K-A¶i †Mvgvsm = m¤ú~Y© g~L©
Kjwgi Svo = es‡k eû †jvK
KPy †cvov = ALv`¨
KQ‡ci Kvgo = hv mn‡R Qv‡o bv
Kwo Kcv‡j = fvM¨evb
Kwo KvV Mbv = KvR bv K‡i KvjniY
Kvey‡Z cvIqv = ev‡M cvIqv
Kzu‡Pv evmb = †QvULv‡Uv _vjvevwU
KzuR‡ovcbv = SMov‡U ¯^fve
‡Ku‡P MÐyl = †Mvov †_‡K ïiæ
Kjyi ej` = GKUvbv LvUzwb
Kcvj †div = ‡m․fvM¨ jvf
KZ av‡b KZ Pvj = wn‡me K‡i Pjv
Kovq MÐvq = m¤ú~Y©, cy‡ivcywi
KuvPv cqmv = bM` DcvR©b
L
LvgKvR = fyjKvR
Ly‡` iv¶m = †cUzK gvbyl
‡LRy‡i Avjvc = Kv‡Ri K_v
wLPzwo cvKv‡bv = RwUj Kiv
LÐKcvj = `yf©vM¨
LÐcÖjq = Zzg~jKvÐ, fxlY e¨vcvi
‡Lv`vi Lvwm = üócyó
Lvwe LvIqv = QUdU Kiv
M
MÇvwjKv cÖevn = AÜ AbyKiY|
M`vB j¯‥ix Pvj = gši MwZ|
Mix‡ei †Nvov †ivM = AwZwi³ Avkv Kiv|
M ©f ivwMbx = gvayh©nxb wPrKvi|
‡MvKz‡ji lvuo = †¯^QvPvix †jvK, †eKvi|
Mv jvMv = g‡bv‡hvM †`qv|
Mv‡q jvMv = g‡bv‡hvM †`qv|
Mv‡q duy w`‡q †eov‡bv = duvwKi g‡bvfve|
Mv‡Q Zz‡j gB Kvov = cÖwZkÖæwZ f½ Kiv|
N
NvU gvbv = Ab¨vq ¯^xKvi Kiv
Nv‡o-M`v©‡b = AZ¨šÍ †gvUv
NyY nIqv = `¶Zv jvf Kiv
‡Nvovi wWg = Aev Íe
NyNy Piv‡bv = me©bvk Kiv
Ni fv½v = HK¨ bó Kiv
‡Nvovi Nvm KvUv = AKv‡R mgq bó
‡Nvovi Kvgo = `„p cY
NÈvMiæo = AKg©Y¨ †jvK
Nv‡Ui gov = AwZ e„×, †h gi‡Z e‡m‡Q
P
P¶z`vb Kiv = Pzwi Kiv
Pkg†Lvi = m¤ú~Y© †envqv
Puv`-Kcv‡j = fvM¨evb
‡Pv‡Li evwj = P¶zk~j
P‡¶i cyZwj = Av`‡ii ab
PoB cvwLi cÖvY = ¶xYRxex ‡jvK
wPwbi cyZzj = kªgZvZz‡i
Pwe©Z Pe©Y = cybive„wË
PvPv Avcb evuPv = ¯^v_©ci
wPwbi ej` = fvievnx
P¶z PoK MvQ = we¯§‡q †PvL eo n‡q hvIqv
12
Q
Qvu`bvZjv = weev‡ni gÐc
Qvgwb bvov = `„wó wewbgq
Quy‡Pvi †KËb = Aweivg Kjn
QvB Pvcv Av¸b = AcÖKvwkZ cÖwZfv
‡Q‡ji nv‡Zi †gvqv = mvgvb¨ e ‧
Q°v cvÄv Kiv = eo eo K_v ejv
wQuP Kvu`y‡b = A‡íB Kuv‡` Ggb
wQwbwgwb †Ljv = bó Kiv
R
RjfvZ = mnRmva¨
Rj‡hvM = nvjKv Lvevi
Rjcvb = nvjKv Lvevi
Rjcvwb = e„wË
RK (RM) †`Iqv = VKv‡bv
RjMÖnY bv Kiv = m¤úK© bv ivLv
R‡ji `vM = ¶Y¯vqx
RvgvB-Av`i = cÖPzi Av`i hZœ
wRwMi †Zvjv = aŸwb †`Iqv
Rxq‡‰Í gviv = Rxeb¥„Z
‡Rv‡oi cvqiv = Nwbô eÜz
S
Sv‡oes‡k = meï×
Sv‡u‡Ki ‣K = GK `jfy³
Sv‡j †Sv‡j A¤‡j = me©Î weivwRZ
S‡ov KvK = wech©¯Í
wS‡Odzj †dvUv = Avqy dzwi‡q Avmv
‡Svji jvD A¤‡ji K y = me c‡¶i gb RywM‡q Pjv
‡Sv‡j A¤^‡j GK Kiv = wgwk‡q †djv
SivcvZv = RxY©kxY© †jvK
U
UbK bov = mRvM nIqv
UvKvi AvwÐj = wecyj UvKvi gvwjK
UvKvi Kzwgi = abx e¨w³
UvKvUv wmwKUv = Lye mvgvb¨ UvKv
Uzc fyR½ = †bkvq we‡fvi
Uvbv †cv‡ob = weiw³Ki hvZvqvZ
‡Xu‡K †MvuRv = AvZœmvr Kiv
Uzwc civ‡bv = †Zvmv‡gv` Kiv
Uvj mvgjv‡bv = wec` n‡Z gyw³
UxKv fvl¨ = `xN© Av‡jvPbvr
V
Vv‡i Vv‡i = Bw½‡Z
VvÛv jovB = †Mvc‡b we‡ivwaZv
‡VvuU KvUv = ¯úófvlx
‡VKv †g‡q = wPiKygvix
Vyu‡Uv RMb′v_ = AKg©Y¨
VuvU eRvq ivLv = Afve Pvcv ivLv
W
wW‡g †ivMv = wPi-iæMœ
Wvb nv‡Zi e¨vcvi = LvIqv
Wvgv‡Wvj = †Mvj‡hvM
W‡K IVv = bó nIqv
Wygy‡ii dzj = A`k©bxq
Wy‡e Wy‡e Rj LvIqv = †Mvc‡b †Mvc‡b KvR Kiv
X
X°v wbMv` = DP K‡É †NvlYv
Xv‡Ki KvwV = †Zvlvgy‡`
XvK XvK ¸o ¸o = jy‡KvPzwi
Xv‡K evuqv = AcÖ‡qvRbxq
Xv‡Ki KvwV cov = m~Pbv Kiv
‡XuwK AeZvi = wb‡ev©a †jvK
‡XuwKi Kzwgi = Ac`v_©
Z
Z-LiP = ev‡R LiPv
Z‡° Z‡° _vKv = †Mvc‡b mZ©K _vKv
Zvj Mv‡Qi AvovB nvZ = †kl I me‡P‡q KwVb Ask
Zzjmx e‡bi evN = m y‡e‡k ye©„Ë
wÎk¼z Ae¯v = ga¨ve¯v
_
_ n‡q hvIqv = ¯Íw¤¢Z nIqv
_inwi K¤ú = f‡q cÖPÐ Kvuvcv
_vDwK †ejv = wejvj †ejv
`
`w¶Y nv‡Zi e¨vcvi = LvIqv
`y‡ai gvwQ = mymg‡qi eÜz
`v-Kzgov m¤Ü = kÎæZv
`nig gnig = gvLvgvwL eÜzZ¡
`
avgvaiv = ‡Zvlvgy‡`
a‡g©i Kj = mZ¨
‡av‡c †UKv = hyw³wm×
a‡g©i lvo = ‡¯^QvPix
b
bbxi cyZzj = kªgwegyL
bKov QKov Kiv = ‡njv ‡djv Kiv
bvKvwb Pzevwb = Kó
bRi jvMv = Aïf „wó‡Z cov
13
wbKzwP Kiv = AMÖvn¨ Kiv
c
cyKzi Pzwi = eo ai‡bi Pzwi
cvqvfvwi = AnsKvi
ce©‡Zi gywlK cÖm` = e¨vcK cÖZ¨vkvq mvgvb¨
cv_‡i cuvPKwj = cÖej †m․fvM¨
cUj †Zvjv = gviv hvIqv
e
e¨v‡Oi mw © = Am¤¢e e¨vcvi
eK avwg©K = fÐ Zc¯x
eY©‡Pviv = Avcbvi cwiPq †Mvcb K‡i †h
f
wfUvq NyNy Pov‡bv = me©bvk Kiv
fuyB‡dvo = bZzb
fvbygwZi †Lj = Awek¦vm¨ e¨vcvi
fykwÐi KvK = `xN©Rxex
wf‡R ‡fovj = wbixn wKš‧ my‡hvM mÜvwb
g
g‡Mi gyjøyK = AivRK †`k
gv‡Qi gv‡qi cyÎ †kvK = KcU †e`bv
wgQwii Qzwi = gy‡L gay AšÍ‡i wel
gvwbK †Rvo = wbi_©K ytL
h/i/j
h‡gi †`vmi = wbôzi e¨w³
ivûi `kv = `ytmgq
‡jvUv K¤j = mvgvb¨ msMxZ
‡jdvdv yi Í = evB‡i VuvU eRvq ivLv
ivRv DwRi gviv = eo eo K_v ejv
k/l/m/n
kKzwb gvgv = KzPµx †jvK
kwbi „wó = Kz `„wó
kv‡c ei = Awb‡ô Bó jvf
‡mvbvi cv_i evwU = Am¤¢e e¯‧
mv¶x †Mvcvj = wbw®…q `k©K
‡lvjAvbv = cy‡ivcywi
lZ¡-YZ¡ Ávb = KvÐÁvb
nvZUvb = Pzwii Af¨vm
nv‡Zi cuvP = ‡kl m¤j
nvUzi eqm = wbZvšÍ wkï
cvwifvwlK kã
Abscondent ‡divix, cjvZK
Absorption AvZœxKiY
Accountant wnmvei¶K
Act AvBb
Acting fvicÖvß
Addendum cwiwkó, ms‡hvRb
Adjournment gyjZex
Advertisement weÁvcb
Affidavit njdbvgv
Agenda Av‡jvP¨
Aircraft wegvb
Alliance ‣gw·RvU
Annexdure ‡µvocÎ
Anonymous ‡ebvgx
Assassin ¸ßNvZK
Attested mZ¨vwqZ
Bankrupt ‡`Dwjqv
Bibliography MÖšcwÄ
Bilingual wØfvlx
Blackmail `yó‡K․kj
Blueprint cÖwZwPÎ
Bond cÖwZÁvcb,gyP‡jKv
Boycott eR©b
Broker `vjvj
Byelaw DcAvBb
Camping Awfhvb
Carisedover †Ri
Census Av`gïgvix
Chancellor AvPvh©
Client g‡°j
Collaborator mn‡hvMx
Commentator fvl¨Kvi
Compliment †m․Rb¨
Consignor †cÖiK
Consulate `yZvjq
Corrigendum ïw×cÎ
Copyright †jLv¯^Z¡
Convocation mgveZ©b
Curriculum cvV¨µg
Diagram bKkv, cwi‡jL
Dialect Dcfvlv
Devaluation g~j¨n«vm
Depositor AvgvbZKvix
Draftsman bKkxKvi,gymvwe`vKvix
Espionage ¸ßPie„wË
Imagination cÖevmb
Encyclopedia wek¦‡Kvl
Elasticity w¯wZ¯vcKZv
Equation mgxKib
Executive wbe©vnx
Exhaustive mvgwMÖK
Ex Officio c`vwaKv‡i
Experiment wbix¶v
14
Explosion we‡õviY
Expulsion ewn®‥vi
Eyewash ‡avKv
Eyewitness cÖZ¨¶`kx©
Ethnology †RvwZwe©`¨v
Facsimile cÖwZiƒc, AweKj
Faculty Abyl`
Falls RjcÖcvZ
Federal hy³ivóªxq
Fiction K_vmvwnZ¨
Farce cÖnmb
Fortnightly cvw¶K
Forecast c~e©vfvm
Forfeited ev‡Rqvß
Galaxy Qvqvc_
Gazetteer Z_¨‡Kvl
Genesis DrcwË
Garrison ‡mbv`j
Gravitation gnvKl©
Goodwill cÖwZôvwaKvi, mybvg
lobal wek¦e¨wc
Glossary kãcwÄ
Handbill cÖPvicÎ
Harbor ‡cvZvkªq
Hemisphere ‡Mvjva©
Higging `iKvlvKwl
Horizontal Abyf~wgK
Humanitarian gvbe‡cÖgx
Hygiene ^v we`¨v
Hypocrisy KcUZv
Hypothesis Abygvb
High Tide R‡jvQvm
Hybrid DP djbkxj
Headland AšÍixc
Handicraft n Íwkí
Handloom ZuvZ
Idealism fveev`
Imprisonment Kviv`Ð
In charge fvicÖvß
Index wba©›U, m~PK
Inventory d ©
Impeachment Awfmskb
Longitude `ªvwNgv
Lobbying Z`wei
Livestock cïcvjb
Litigation gvgjv
Lingua Franca wgkªfvlv
Liquidation Aemvqb
Light- Year Av‡jvKel©
Devaluation evgcšx
Depositor cÖPvicÎ
Latitude A¶vsk
Landslide f~cvZ, aŸsm
Laissez- Faire AevavbxwZ
Laboratory cix¶vMvi
cÖev` cÖePb
¯^ieY©
A
AfvMv †hw`‡K Pvq, mvMi ïwK‡q hvq= me©ÎB ‣bivk¨
AwZ `‡c© nZj¼v = AwZwi³ AnsKviB cZb NUvq
Avw`¨Kv‡ji ew`¨ ey‡ov = Lye cÖvPxb e¨w³
AwaK‰‧ b †`vlvq = cÖ‡qvR‡bi †ekx n‡jI ¶wZ †bB |
Amv‡ii ZR©b MR©b mvi = ¸Ynx‡bi e¨_© Avõvjb|
Afv‡e ¯fve bó = Afv‡e co‡j fvj gvbylI Amr nq|
Aí we`¨v fq¼ix = Aí we`¨vi AwZ `c©|
AwZ Pvjv‡Ki Mjvq `wo = †ewk PvjvwK Kwiqv Ab¨‡K
VKvB‡Z †M‡j A‡bK mg‡q wb‡R‡K wec‡` cwo‡Z nq|
AwZ †jv‡f ZuvwZ bó = ‡ewk ‡jv‡f me©¯^ nvivB‡Z nq|
A‡bK mb′¨vmx‡Z MvRb bó=A‡bK †jvK nB‡j Kv‡R wek„|Ljv nq
A_©B Ab‡_©i g~j = A_© nB‡ZB hZ †Mvjgv‡j m„wó|
Aivuaywbi nv‡Z c‡o iæB gvQ Kuv‡` = A‡hvM¨ †jv‡Ki nv‡Z
cwoqv fvj wRwbmI bó nq|
Av
Aviwki gy‡L cokx‡K †`Lv = wb‡Ri gZ K‡i Ab¨‡K fvev
Avov‡j †jv‡K ivRvi gv‡KI WvBwb e‡j = Amv¶v‡Z
A‡b¨i wb›`v mevB K‡i|
Av‡g `y‡a GK nj, AvuwU †Lvmv c‡o iÕj = yB c‡¶i g‡a¨
†evSvcov nBqv †Mj, A_P †hvMv‡hvM Kwiqv w`j †h †m-B
AevwÂZ ewjqv MY¨ nBj|
Avcwb euvP‡j ev‡ci bvg = PvPv Avcb cÖvY euvPv|
Avcwb ï‡Z VuvB †bB, k¼iv‡K Wv‡K = wb‡Ri Avq w`qv
wb‡R Pwj‡Z cv‡i bv; A_P A‡b¨i Rb¨ LiP K‡i|
Av‡M `k©b`vix c‡i ¸YwePvix = evwn¨K †m․›`h© ØvivB gvbyl
cÖ_g AvK…ó nq|
Avm‡j gylj †bB †XuwK N‡i Puv‡`vqv= Dchy³ e¨e¯v Aej¤‡bi Afve|
Avc fvjv †Zv RMr fvjv = wb‡R fvj n‡j mKjB fvj nq|
Avgov Mv‡Q Avg nq bv = g›` ¯^fv‡ei †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q fvj
e¨envi Avkv Kiv hvq bv|
Avcwb AvPwi ag© Ac‡i wkLvI = hv wb‡R gvb bv, Zv
Aci‡K wkLv‡e bv|
Av½yj dz‡j KjvMvQ = Awek¦vm¨ DbœwZ|
Avcb cv‡q Kzovj gviv = wb‡Ri ¶wZ wb‡R Kiv|
Av½yi dj UK = cvb bv ZvB Lvb bv|
Av`vi e¨vcvwii Rvnv‡Ri Lei = AbwaKvi PP©v Kiv|
Av‡U-wc‡V `o, Z‡e †Nvovi Dci Po = †KvbI Kvh© Kwievi
†hvM¨ bv nB‡j, †m Kvh© Kwi‡Z hvIqv DwPZ bq|
15
B
Bu`y‡i †P‡bbv fvMeZ cyuw_ = g~L© e¨w³ ¸Yxi ¸Y †ev‡S bv|
BUwU gvi‡j cvU‡KjwU †L‡Z nq = †hgb Kg© †Zgb dj,
A_©vr c‡ii Awbó Kwi‡j wb‡RiI Awbó nq|
D
Dje‡b gy³ Qov‡bv = A‡hvM¨ cv‡Î g~j¨evb e¯‧ `vb Kiv|
DwPZ K_v eÜz †eRvi = mZ¨ K_v ej‡j AvcbRbI iæó
nq|
DV‰Í e„¶ cˇbB †Pbv hvq = Kv‡Ri Avi¤¢ †`wLqv Kv‡Ri †kl
eySv hvq|
D‡ov LB †Mvwe‱`vq bgt = ‡h LB nvZ nB‡Z evZv‡m Dwoqv
†Mj, Zvnv †Mvwe‡›`i bv‡g wb‡e`b|
D‡`viwcwÐ ey‡`vi Nv‡o = G‡Ki †`vl A‡b¨i Dci Pvcv‡bv|
E‡bv fv‡Z y‡bv ej = Aí Avnv‡i kw³ e„w×|
DwPZ K_vq eÜz †eRvi = mZ¨K_v AwcÖq |
G
GK nv‡Z Zvwj ev‡R bv = †h †Kvb Kj‡nB Dfq c‡¶i
wKQz bv wKQz †`vl _v‡K|
GK Kovi gyi` †bB, fvZ gvivi †MuvmvB = DcvR©‡bi ¶gZv
bvB A_P LiP K‡i cÖPzi|
GK gv‡N kxZ hvq bv = wec` GKeviB Av‡m bv|
GK wX‡j `yB cvwL gviv = GKB mv‡_ yB D‡Ïk¨ mvab
Kiv|
GK gv‡N kxZ hvq bv = GKev‡iB wec` †kl nq bv|
e¨ÄbeY©
K
KvuPv evu‡k Ny‡b aiv = AcwibZ eq‡m •bwZK AatcZb NUv,
KB‡qi †Z‡j KB fvRv = c‡ii Dci w`‡q ¯v_© D×vi|
Kvbv †Q‡ji bvg cÙ‡jvPb = hvi †h ¸Y †bB, Zv‡K †mB
¸‡Y Awfwl³ Kiv|
KuvUv w`‡q KuvUv †Zvjv = kÎæ bvk|
K‡bi N‡i wcwm, e‡ii N‡i gvmx = Dfq‡K †jwj‡q w`‡q
¯^v_© D×viKvix|
‡Kv_v hvI †Mvcvj, m‡½ hv‡e Kcvj = fvM¨ wPim½x|
Kqjv hvq bv ay‡j, ¯^fve hvq bv gi‡j = Lvivc †jvK mn‡R
Zvi ¯fve cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
Kv‡Ri †ejvq KvRx, KvR dziv‡j cvRx = cÖ‡qvR‡b KvD‡K
Kv‡Q WvKv, AcÖ‡qvR‡b gyL wdwi‡q †bIqv|
KuvPvq bv †bvqv‡j euvk cvK‡j K‡i Vvm Vvm = †QvU‡ejvq
wk¶v bv wb‡q eo n‡j cwiYZ eq‡m Zv m¤¢e bq|
Kv‡b w`‡qwQ Zzjv Avi wc‡V †eu‡awQ gyjv = we‡kl mn¨ kw³
I •ah© AvqË Kiv|
Kcvj ¸‡Y †Mvcvj VvKzi = A „ó fvj _vwK‡j †hvM¨Zvnxb
†jvKI eo nq|
Kvbv Miæ evgyb‡K `vb = A‡K‡Rv wRwbm `vb Kwiqv `v‡bi
c~Y¨ jv‡fi †Póv Kiv|
Kzwg‡ii m‡½ weev` K‡i R‡j evm Kiv = hvnvi †hLv‡b
cÖfyZ¡ †mLv‡b Zvnvi m‡½ we‡iva Kwiqv _vKv hvq bv|
Kó bv Ki‡j †Kó wg‡j bv = mvabv Qvov mvdj¨ jvf Kiv
hvq bv|
KvOv‡ji K_v evwm n‡j Lv‡U = ¸iæZ¡ bv †`Iqv †jv‡Ki
K_vi `vg wec‡` cwo‡jB †evSv hvq|
Kv‡iv †c․Íl gvm, Kv‡iv me©bvk = G‡Ki jv‡f A‡b¨i ¶wZ|
‡KD g‡i wej †Qu‡P, †KD Lvq •K = G‡Ki cwikª‡g A‡b¨i
wejvwmZv|
‡Ku‡Pv Lyuo‡Z wM‡q mvc †e‡iv‡bv = ZzQ wel‡qi m~‡Î RwUj mgm¨vi
D™¢e|
L
wL‡` †c‡j fv‡N avb Lvq = cÖ‡qvR‡bi AvwaK¨|
Lvj †K‡U Kzgxi Avbv = wb‡Ri wec` wb‡R †W‡K Avbv|
LyuwUi †Rv‡i †fov bv‡P = kw³kvjx e¨w³i c„ô‡cvlKZvq
A‡hvM¨ e¨w³iI kw³ †`Lv‡bv m¤¢e|
Lvm Zvjy‡Ki cÖRv = Lye AbyMZ e¨w³|
M
Muv‡q gv‡b bv Avcwb †gvoj = A‡b¨ bv gvwb‡jI wb‡R‡K
eo ewjqv g‡b Kiv|
‡Mvbv Miæ ev‡N Lvq bv = wn‡m‡ei Miæ ev‡N Lvq bv|
Miæ †g‡i Ry‡Zv `vb = KvnviI h‡_ó ¶wZ Kwiqv c‡i
ZvnviB mvgvb¨ DcKvi Kiv|
Mv‡Q KuvVvj †Muv‡d †Zj = fwel¨‡Zi `iækq D`MÖxe nBqv
_vKv|
Mv‡QiI Lvq, ZjviI Kzovq = GKB m‡½ GKvwaK ¯v_©wmw×
Kiv|
‡Mu‡qv †hvMx wfL cvq bv = wb‡Ri GjvKvq ¸Yxi Av`i
†bB|
Ni‡cvov Miæ wmu`y‡i †gN `‡L Wivq = eo wec‡`i AwfÁZv
AKvi‡YB fxZ Kwiqv †Zv‡j|
‡Mv- go‡K gywPi cve©Y = G‡Ki ¶wZ‡Z Ac‡ii jvf
M`vB j¯‥ix Pvj = `xN©mywÎZvi fve
Miæ †g‡i Ry‡Zv `vb = †ekx ¶wZ K‡i mvgvb¨ wKQy w`‡q Lywk Kivi
†Póv
16
N
N‡ii †L‡q e‡bi †gvl Zvov‡bv = wb‡Ri ¶wZ K‡i A‡b¨i DcKvi
Kiv|
Ny Ny †`‡LQ duv` †`Lwb = PZzi e¨w³‡K †K․k‡j Rã Kivi
Bw½Z|
P
PKPK Kwi‡j †mvbv nq bv = †Pnviv‡Z Avmj ¸Y aiv hvq bv|
‡Pviv bv †kv‡b a‡g©i Kvwnbx = Dc‡`k w`qv Amr‡K mr Kiv
hvq bv|
PvPv Avcb cÖvY evuPv = wb‡Ri Rxeb i¶v Kwiqv Zvici
Ab¨‡K mvnv‡h¨i Rb¨ nvZ evovI|
PvgwP‡KI cvwL, wWcywUI nvwKg = AvKv‡i ev PvjPj‡b eo
ewjqv g‡b nB‡jB cÖK…Z eo nq bv|
‡Pbv evgy‡bi •c‡Z jv‡M bv = †hvM¨ †jv‡Ki Rb¨ mycvwik jv‡M
bv|
‡Pvi cvjv‡j eyw× ev‡o = NUbv NwUqv hvBevi ci Zvnv
GovBevi c_ cvIqv|
‡Pv‡i †Pv‡i gvmZz‡Zv fvB = Acivaxiv G‡K A‡b¨i mvnvh¨Kvix
nq|
‡Pviv bv ï‡b a‡g©i Kvwnbx = g›` †jvK fvj Dc‡`‡k Kvb
†`q bv|
‡Pv‡ii mv¶x MuvU KvUv = g›` †jvKB g›` †jvK‡K mvnvh¨
K‡i|
Q
‡Quov Kuv_vq ï‡q jvL UvKvi ¯c′ †`Lv = Am¤¢e Kíbv Kiv|
QvB †dj‡Z fv½v Kz‡jv = mvgvb¨ Kv‡Ri mvgvb¨ cvÎ|
QzuP n‡q Xy‡K dvj n‡q †e‡iv‡bv = `qvcÖv_©x nBqv XywKqv
weivU Awbó Kwiqv Pwjqv hvIqv|
‡Q‡o †` gv †Ku‡` euvwP = †Kvb AevwÂZ Sv‡gjv nB‡Z gyw³
cvBevi AvKzjZv|
R
‡Rvi hvi gyjyK Zvi = kw³kvjxivB wU‡K _v‡K|
Ry‡Zv †mjvB †_‡K PwÐcvV = †QvU-eo hveZxq KvR Kiv|
S
‡Svc ey‡S †Kvc gviv = my‡hv‡Mi mبenvi Kiv|
S‡o eK g‡i dwK‡ii †KivgwZ ev‡o = A‡b¨i Øviv
m¤úvw`Z K…wZZ¡ wb‡Ri e‡j `vwe Kiv|
V
VM evQ‡Z Muv D‡Rvo = †hLv‡b g‡›`i msL¨vwaK¨, †mLv‡b
fvj evQvB Kiv hvq bv|
‡Vjvi vbg evevRx = Pv‡c c‡o bwZ ¯^xKvi Kiv|
W/X
Wy‡e Wy‡e Rj LvIqv = †Mvc‡b †Mvc‡b †Kvb KvR Kiv|
Xvj †bB Z‡jvqvi †bB wbwaivg m ©vi = ¶gZv †bB wKš‧ Avõvjb
Av‡Q|
‡XuwK ¯^‡M© †M‡jI avb fv‡b = me©ÎB †h GKB iK‡gi `vq-
MvwqZ¡ enb K‡i|
‡XwK ¯‡M© †M‡jI avb fv‡b = A „ó me©Î m‡½ m‡½ hvq
Z
Zß fv‡Z byb †Rv‡U bv, cv‰Ív fv‡Z wN = cª‡qvRbxq KvR
mvgjvBevi mvg_ © bvB hLb, ZLb AcÖ‡qvRbxq Kv‡Ri cÖwZ
†SvuK †`Lv‡bv|
‡Zjv gv_vq †Zj †`qv = hvi Av‡Q, Zv‡K AviI †`Iqv|
Zzwg †di Wv‡j Wv‡j, Avwg wdwi cvZvq cvZvq = Pvjv‡Ki
†P‡qI †ewk PvjvwK Kiv|
`
`k P‡µ fMevb f~Z = GKvwaK †jv‡K wg‡j fvj‡KI g›`
e‡j cÖwZcbœ Kiv|
`y‡ai mva †Nv‡j †g‡U bv = Avmj wRwb‡mi Avb›` bK‡j
cvIqv hvq bv|
`‡ki jvwV G‡Ki †evSv = GKR‡bi c‡¶ hvnv KwVb,
`kR‡bi c‡¶ Zvnv AwZ mnR|
`uvZ _vK‡Z uv‡Zi gg© †ev‡S bv = †Kvb wKQzi Afve bv
n‡j †m wel‡qi ¸iæZ¡ Abyaveb Kiv hvq bv|
`ya-Kjv w`‡q Kvjmvc †cvlv = k·K mhy‡Z¡ cÖwZcvjb|
‣`Z¨Kz‡ji cÖnjv` = g›` cwi‡e‡k fvj †jvK |
a
awi gvQ bv QuyB cvwb = wKQz gvÎ †eM bv †c‡q nq Ggb †K․k‡j wmw×|
aiv‡K mivÁvb Kiv = KvD‡K c‡ivqv bv Kiv|
a‡g©i XvKv Avcwb ev‡R = †kl ch©šÍ mZ¨ cÖKvk cv‡eB|
a‡g©i Kj evZv‡m b‡o = A‡b¨i mgv‡jvPbv bv Kwiqv wb‡Ri
KvR wb‡R Kiv|
b
‡bov `yevi †ejZjvq hvq bv = GKB wec‡` gvbyl AwaKevi
cwZZ nq bv|
bvbv gywbi bvbv gZ = wewfbœ †jv‡Ki wewfbœ gZ|
bvB gvgvi †P‡q Kvbv gvgv fvj = bv _vKvi †P‡q mvgvb¨ _vKvB fvj|
bvP‡Z bv Rvb‡j DVvb euvKv = A‡K‡Rv †jvK Kv‡Ri
Amvd‡j¨i Rb¨ A‡b¨i †`vl †`q|
byb LvB hvi, ¸Y MvB Zvi = DcKvixi DcKvi Kiv|
byb Avb‡Z cvbZv dyivq = `vwi ªMÖ¯Í Rxeb
bv‡Ki ej‡` biæb = wfbœ wRwb‡m mvgb¨ ¶wZc~ib
17
c
‡c‡U †L‡j wc‡V mq = jv‡fi cÖZ¨vkvq Kó mn¨ Kiv|
c_ Pj‡e †R‡b, Kwo †b‡e ¸‡Y = c‡_i fv‡jvg›`
†R‡bï‡b c_ Pj‡Z nq Ges KviI KvQ †_‡K UvKv cqmv
†bIqvi mgq ¸‡Y wb‡Z nq|
c‡ii a‡b †cvÏvwi = Ac‡ii A_© h‡_ó e¨q Kiv|
c‡ii gv_vq KuvVvj fvOv = Aci‡K Kó w`‡q wb‡Ri ¯v_© nvwmj
Kiv|
cv‡ci ab cÖvqwð‡Ëi hvq = Am ycv‡q AwR©Z ab Amr
c‡_B e¨wqZ nq|
c‡ii Nv‡i e‱ yK †i‡L wkKvi = A‡b¨i Dci `vq ivwLqv ¯^v_©
D×vi Kiv|
ce‡©Zi gywlK cÖme = weivU Avo¤‡ii ZyQ cwiYwZ
wuc‡oq e‡m †cu‡ovi LiP = bMb¨ †jv‡Ki ¸iZ¡c~b© Lei
ivLv|
e
eRª AvUzwb d¯‥v †M‡iv = evB‡i kw³gvb †fZ‡i ye©j
euv‡ki †P‡q Kw eo = ev‡ci †P‡q †Q‡ji †ZR †ewk|
evgyb n‡q Puv‡` nvZ = †QvUi AwZ eo kL|
em‡Z †c‡j ï‡Z Pvq = wKQz myweav cvB‡j Av‡iv AwaK myweav
`vwe Kiv|
webv †g‡N eRªcvZ = AvKw¯§K wec` Dcw¯Z nIqv|
wel †bB Zvi Avevi Kz‡jvcbv P°i = ¶gZvnx‡bi A‡nZzK
Avõvjb|
ev‡N Qz‡j AvVvi Nv = yó †jv‡Ki cvjvq co‡j wKQz bv wKQz ¶wZ
n‡eB|
evi nvZ KuvKz‡oi †Zi nvZ exwP = g~j welq A‡c¶v
AcÖ‡qvRbxq wel‡qi evovevwo|
webv evZv‡m cvZv b‡o bv = KviY Qvov †Kvb KvR nq bv|
eP‡b RMr Zzó = wgwó K_v ej‡j mevB mš‧ó _v‡K|
f
fvM¨ev‡bi †evSv fMev‡b eq = fvM¨evb †jv‡Kiv †Kv_vI
AvUKvq bv|
fvZ Qov‡j Kv‡Ki Afve nq bv = UvKv _vwK‡j Kv‡Ri
†jv‡Ki Afve nq bv|
wf‡¶i Pvj Kuvov Avi AvKvov = `qvi `v‡bi fvj-g›` wePvi
P‡j bv|
g
‡gvjøvi †`․Ío gmwR` ch©‰Í = Kvh©¶gZvi wbw`©ó mxgv|
giv nvwZ jvL UvKv = g~j¨evb e ‧i wKQz ¶wZ n‡jI Aewkó
As‡ki g~j¨ _v‡K cÖPzi|
g‡‰Í¿i mvab wKsev kixi cvZb = ‡Kvb KvR m¤úv`b Kivi
Rb¨ `„p-cÖwZÁ nIqv|
gkv gvi‡Z Kvgvb `vMv = mvgvb¨ e¨vcv‡i weivU Av‡qvRb|
giv evN‡K wKwj‡q gviv = wg_¨v evnv yix
h
hZ M‡R© ZZ e‡l© bv = Avo¤i Abyhvqx KvR bv nIqv|
hv‡K †`L‡Z bvwi Zvi Pjb euvKv = hv‡K cQ›` nq bv, Zvi
cÖ‡Z¨K Kv‡RB †`vl|
hvi jvwV Zvi gvwU = †Rvi hvi gyj yK Zvi|
hvi R¡vjv †mB Rv‡b = f~³‡fvMxB h_v_© `ytL Dcjw× Ki‡Z
cv‡i|
hZ †`vl b‱`‡Nvl = †Kvb ye©j e¨w³‡K me †`v‡li Rb¨ `vqx
Kiv|
hZ¶Y k¦vm, ZZ¶Y Avku = †kl Aewa Avkv Z¨vM bv Kiv|
hvi Rb¨ Pzwi Kwi †mB e‡j ‡Pvi = hvnvi DcKvi Kiv nBj,
†m-B hLb wb›`v K‡i|
hvi Kg© Zvi mv‡R, Ab¨ †jv‡Ki jvwV ev‡R = †h †jvK †h
Kv‡Ri †hvM¨ bq, Zvnvi Øviv †m KvR nq bv|
‡hLv‡b ev‡Ni fq †mLv‡b ivZ nq = GKvwaK wec` GKm‡½
NUv|
‡hgb ey‡bv Ij, †Zgwb evNv †ZuZzj = †mqv‡b †mqv‡b
gy‡LvgywL|
i
i_ †`Lv Kjv †ePv = GK wX‡j yB cvwL gviv|
ivRvq ivRvq hy× nq, DjyLvMovi cÖvY hvq = ¶gZvevb‡`i
؇›`i d‡j mvaviY †jv‡Ki Rxeb wecbœ nIqv|
j
jv‡M UvKv †`‡e †M․ix‡mb = A‡b¨i Dci fimv Kwiqv
†ewnmv‡e LiP Kiv|
‡jey KPjv‡j †Z‡Zv nq = ‡h †Kvb e¨vcv‡i †ewk NuvUvNuvwU
Kwi‡j AkvwšÍi D‡ ªK nq|
k/m
wkKvwi weovj †Muv‡d †Pbv hvq = nvefve †`wLqv †evSv hvq|
mv‡ci nuvwP †e‡` †P‡b = cÖK…Z j¶Y AwfÁ †jvKB †ev‡S|
m¯Ívi wZb Ae v = m Ívi ªe¨ cÖvqB Livc _v‡K|
mey‡i †gIqv d‡j = •a‡h© mydj d‡j|
mg‡qi GK †duvo, Amg‡qi `k †duvo = mgq _vwK‡Z
mveavb nB‡j wec`Kv‡j †invB cvIqv hvq|
mvc n‡q Kv‡Uv Zzwg, ISv nq Sv‡ov = Dfq c‡¶i
civgk©`vZv wn‡m‡e †h KcUZv K‡i|
18
my‡L _vK‡Z fy‡Z wK‡jvq = †evKvwgi Kvi‡Y Sv‡gjvq RwoZ nBqv
cov|
n
nvwZi cuvP cv †`Lv = †m․fvM¨ M‡e© AwZkq evovevwo|
nv‡Z gv‡i bv, fv‡Z gv‡i = cÖZ¨¶fv‡e †Kvb kÎæZv bv
Kwiqv Aj‡¶¨ me©bvk mvab Kiv|
Abyev`
01. Ill got, ill spent- cv‡ci ab cÖqwð‡Ë hvq|
02. Grasp all, lose all - †jv‡f cvc cv‡c g„Zz¨|
03. Harm watch, harm catch.- givnvZx jvL UvKv|
04. All covet, All lost . - AwZ †jv‡f ZvuwZ bó|
05. Waste not, want not,-AcPq Ki bv,
Afv‡e‡Z c‡ov bv|
06. Fools praise fools- g~L©B g~‡L©i K`i K‡i|
07. Silence is half consent- bxieZvB A‡a©K m¤§wZ|
08. A friend in need is a friend indeed- wec‡`i eÜzi
cwiPq|
09. After death comes the doctor.- †Pvi cvjv‡j eyw×
ev‡o|
10. While in rome do as Romans do-†hLv‡b †hgb
†mLv‡b †Zgb|
11. No pains, no gains.- Kó bv Ki‡j †Kó ‡g‡j bv|
12. Grapes are sour- Av½yi dj UK|
13. Man proposes, God disposes- gvbyl fv‡e GK, nq Avi
GK|
14. It takes two to make a quarrel- GK nv‡Z Zvwj ev‡R
bv|
15. It’s your own look out.- GUv †Zvgvi wbR¯^
e¨vcvi|
16. I am looking forward to seeing you - Avwg
†Zvgvi w`‡K †P‡q AvwQ
17. Money begets money.- UvKvq UvKv Av‡b|
18. Necessity knows no law- cÖ‡qvRb †Kvb AvBb
gv‡b bv|
19. Don’t Shirk School-¯‥zj cvwjI bv|
20. Life is not worth living without friendship-
eÜzZ¡ Qvov Rxeb my›`i nq bv|
21. Too much courtesy too much craft- AwZ fw³
†Pv‡ii j¶Y|
22. He has gone to dogs-†m †Mvjøvq †M‡Q|
23. A stictch in line saves nine- mg‡q GK †dvo
Amg‡q `k †duvo|
24. A bad workman quarrels with his tools-
bvP‡Z bv Rvb‡j DVvb euvKv|
25. A to Z- m¤ú~Y©fv‡e|
26. Penny wise, pound foolish- eRª AvUzwb d¯‥v
†M‡iv|
27. A cock and bull story.- Avlv‡p Mí|
28. As you sow, So you reap- †hgb Kg©, †Zgb dj|
29. Diamond Cuts Dimonds- gvwb‡K gvwbK †P‡b|
30. All is well that ends well - me fvj Zvi †kl fvj
hvi
31. Cut your coat according to your cloth- Avq
ey‡S e¨q Ki|
32. It is a long story- †m A‡bK K_v|
33. The lion is a beast of prey- wmsn wkKvix cï|
34. One should love one’s Country- cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB
†`k‡K fvjevmv DwPZ|
35. Nero fiddles while Rome burns- KviI †c․Íl
gvm KviI me©bvk|
36. Man is the best creature of Allah- gvbyl
Avjøvni me‡P‡q †kªôRxe|
37. The examination is knocking at the door-
cix¶v mwbœK‡U|
38. Modern Science is a blessing- AvaywbK weÁvb
Avkx©ev`|
39. Health is wealth- ¯v ¨B m¤ú`|
40. Practice makes a man perfect- MvB‡Z MvB‡Z
Mv‡qb|
41. Students should observe the laws of
health.- QvÎ QvÎx‡`i ¯v ¨wewa †g‡b Pjv DwPZ|
42. Books are men’s best companion in life-
cy¯ÍK gvby‡li DËg m½x|
43. River serves us in many ways- `x bvbv fv‡e
Avgv‡`i DcKvi K‡i|
44. There is nothing nobler than forgiveness-
¶gv Kivi †P‡q gnr Avi wKQz †bB|
45. Two is Company three is none- `yR‡b eÜzZ¡ nq
wZbR‡b Kjn|
19
46. Don’t built castle in the air- AvKvk Kzmyg wPšÍv
Ki bv|
47. Books are a man’s best Companions in life-
cy ÍK gvby‡li Rxe‡bi DËg m½|
48. Look before you leap- fvweqv KwiI KvR|
49. We must have plenty of exercise- Avgv‡`i
Aek¨B A‡bK e¨vqvg Kiv DwPZ|
50. Industry is the root of success- cwikªg DbœwZi
g~j|
51. What are the demands that our freedom makes
on us. - ¯^vaxbZv Avgv‡`i Dci †Kvb †Kvb `vwqZ¡ eZ©vq|
52. We should have respect for our elder- eo‡`i
cÖwZ Avgv‡`i kª×v _vKv DwPZ|
53. Have patience in danger- wec‡` •ah© avib Ki|
54. There are many villages around Dhaka-
XvKvi Pvicv‡k A‡bK MÖvg i‡q‡Q|
55. The rose is a very beautiful flower- †Mvjvc Lye
my›`i dzj|
56. No person can be happy without friends. -
eÜz e¨ZxZ †Kvb e¨w³B myLx n‡Z cv‡i bv|
57. Poverty is a great problem in our life- `vwi ª¨
Avgv‡`i Rxe‡b GK weivU Awfkvc|
58. Man is the architect of his own life. - gvbyl
Zvi wbR Rxe‡bi cwZ|
59. Honesty is the best policy- mZZvB DrK…ó cšÍv|
60. His thirst for knowledge increased with his
age - eq‡mi m‡½ m‡½ Zvi Ávb wccvmv †e‡o hvq|
61. He is out of luck - Zvi †cvov Kcvj|
62. It is raining cats and dogs - g~ljav‡i e„wó n‡Q
63. He is good at mathematics and Science - †m
A‡¼ I weÁv‡b fvj
64. He lives hand to mouth - †m w`‡b Av‡b w`‡b
Lvq|
65. The Cow lives on grass - Miæ Nvm †L‡q Rxeb aviY
K‡i|
66. All his geese are swans – Avcb cY¨ mK‡jB
fv‡jv e‡j|
67. A man is known the company he keeps- m½
†`‡L †jvK †Pbv hvq|
68. A tree is known by its fruit- bv‡g bq K‡g©
cwiPq|
69. A stich in times saves nine- mg‡qi GK †duvo
Amg‡qi `k †duvo|
70. Birds of the same fether flock together-
‡Pv‡i †Pv‡i gvmZz‡Zv fvB
71. Blessing are not valued till they are gone- `uvZ _vK‡Z uv‡Zi gh©v`v †evSv hvq bv|
72. Blood is thicker than water - i‡³i Uvb eo
Uvb|
73. Black will take no other hue- Kqjv ayB‡j gqjv
hvqbv|
74. Better alone than bad company- Kzm‡½ _vKvi
†P‡q GKv _vKvI fv‡jv|
75. Don`t count chickens before they are
hatched- Mv‡Q KuvVvj †Mv‡d †Zj|
76. Danger often comes where danger is
feared- ‡hLv‡b ev‡Ni fq †mLv‡bB ivwÎ nq|
77. Faults is thick where love is thin- hv‡i †`L‡Z
bvwi Zvi Pjb euvKv|
78. Good wins no bush- †Pbv evgy‡bi •cZv jv‡Mbv|
79. Great minds think alike- gnr †jv‡Kiv GKiKg wP‰Ív
K‡i|
80. He is light fingured- Zvi nvZUvb Av‡Q|
81. Hunger is the best sauce- ¶zav †c‡j ev‡N avb
Lvq|
82. It is lesser evil- GwU g‡‱`i fv‡jv|
83. Ill got, ill spent- cv‡ci ab cÖvqwð‡Ë hvq|
84. I am sick of flatterers- PvUzKvi‡`i Avgvi fv‡jv jv‡M bv|
85. Like father like sons- evcKv †eUv †mcvBKv †Nvov|
86. Like cure like- KuvUv w`‡q KuvUv †Zvjv|
87. Necessity knows no law- Afv‡e ¯fve bó|
88. No smoke without fire- Kvib Qvov Kvh© nqbv|
89. Pride goeth before destruction- AwZ evo
†e‡ovbv S‡o c‡o hv‡e|
90. Every dog his day- cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Rxe‡b GKvewi myw`b
Av‡m|
91. Set a thief to catch o thief- KuvUv w`‡q KuvUv
†Zvjv|
92. Self preservation is the first law of nature- Avcwb euvP‡j ev‡ci bvg|
93. Make hay while the sun shines- †Svc ey‡S †Kvc
gviv|
94. To the pure all things are pure- Avcwb fv‡jv
†Zv RMr fv‡jv|
95. The child is the father to the man- DVw‰Í gyjv
cˇbB †Pbv hvq|
96. To add insult to unjury- KuvUv Nv‡q by‡bi wQUv|
97. To make a mess thing- fy‡Zi ev‡ci kªv×|
20
98. To cut of own nose to spite one`s face- wb‡Ri bvK †K‡U c‡ii hvÎv f½ Kiv|
99. Virtue thrives brst in adversity- ytLB gvbyl‡K gnr
K‡i|
100. A dowing man catches at the straw- hZ¶Y
k¦vm ZZ¶Y Avk|
mwÜ
wbqgvbyhvqx nIqv mwܸ‡jv m¤ú‡K© c~Y© cÖ¯‧wZi Rb¨ wb‡Pi
mwܸ‡jv jÿ¨ Kiæb:
¯imwÜ
Av = A+A
bevb′ = be + Abœ bivag = bi + Aag
wngvPj = wng + APj Ab¨vb¨ = Ab¨ + Ab¨
Acivci = Aci + Aci cÖvYvwaK = cÖvY + AwaK
¯^vaxb = ^ + Aaxb me©¯^v‰Í = me©¯^ + AšÍ
myh©v Í = m~h© + A¯Í
Av = A+Av
wmsnvmb = wmsn + Avmb wngvjq = wng + Avjq
‡`evjq = †`e + Avjq MÖ‰vMvi = MÖš + AvMvi
‣¯ivPvi = •¯^i + AvPvi cvVvMvi = cvV + AvMvi
iZ′vKi = iZœ + AvKi Kzkvmb = Kzk + Avmb
¯^vqZ¡ = ^ + AvqZ¡
Av = Av+A
Z_vwc = Z_v + Awc K_vg„Z = K_v + Ag„Z
AvkvZxZ = Avkv + AZxZ mxgv‰Í = mxgv + AšÍ
gnvN© = gnv + AN© h_v_© = h_v + A_©
AvkvwZwi³ = Avkv + AwZwi³
Av = Av+Av
we`¨vjq = we`¨v + Avjq gnvkq = gnv + Avkq
KvivMvi = Kviv + AvMvi ¶zavZzi = ¶zav + AvZzi
m`vb‱` = m`v + Avb›` gvÎvwaK¨ = gvÎv+ AvwaK¨
G = A/Av + B/C
G = A + B
b‡i‱`ª = bi + B› ª c~‡Y©‱`y = c~Y© + B›`y
‡`‡e‱`ª = †`e + B› ª ‡¯^Qv = ^ + BQv
m‡Z¨‱`ª = mZ¨ + B› ª ï‡fQv = ïf + BQv
G = A + C
A‡c¶v = Ac + C¶v f‡ek = fe + Ck
b‡ik = bi + Ck M‡Yk = Mb + Ck
iv‡R¨k¦i = ivR¨ + Ck¦i `~‡M©k = ~M© + Ck
G = Av + B
h‡_Qv = h_v + BQv g‡n‱`ª = gnv + B› ª
h‡_ó = h_v + Bó im‡bw‱`ªq = imbv + Bw› ªq
G = Av + C
g‡nk = gnv + Ck i‡gk = igv + Ck
g‡nk¦i = gnv + Ck¦i Xv‡Kk¦ix = XvKv + Ck¦ix
M‡½k¦i = M½v + Ck¦i
A/Av + D/E = I
I = A + D
b‡ivËg = bi + DËg c‡ivcKvi = ci+DcKvi
m~‡h©v`q = m~h© + D`q d‡jv`q = dj + D`q
DˇivËi = DËi + DËi kx‡Zvò = kxZ + Dò
R‡jvQ¡vm = Rj + DQ¡vm bx‡jvrcj = bxj + Drcj
wn‡Zvc‡`k = wnZ + Dc‡`k g~‡jv‡Q` = g~j+ D‡Q`
m‡e©vP = me© + DP `x‡N©vPviY = `xN© + DPviY
cÖ‡k′vËi = cÖkœ + DËi
I = A + E
P‡jvwg© = Pj + Ewg© b‡evpv = be + Epv
M„‡nvaŸ© = M„n + EaŸ© m‡e©vaŸ© = me© + EaŸ©
G‡KvbweskwZ = GK + EbweskwZ
I = Av + D
g‡nvrme = gnv + Drme h‡_vwPZ = h_v + DwPZ
K‡_vcK_b = K_v + DcK_b
h‡_vchy³ = h_v + Dchy³ g‡nvcKvi = gnv + DcKvi
g‡nv`q = gnv + D`q
I = Av + E
g‡nvaŸ© = gnv + EaŸ© m‡½vwg© = m½v + Ewg©
g‡nvwg = gnv + Ewg©
A/Av + G/H = H
H = A + G
G‣KK = GK + GK R‣bK = Rb + GK
wn‣Zlx = wnZ + Glx m‡e©e = me© + Ge
H = A + H
g‣ZK¨ = gZ + HK¨ A‣bK¨ = Ab + HK¨
a‣bk¦h© = ab + Hk¦h© iv‣Rk¦h© = ivR + Hk¦h©
fv‣ek¦h© = fve + Hk¦h© fv‣eK¨ = fve + HK¨
H = Av + G
m‣`e = m`v + Ge Z‣_e = Z_v + Ge
21
H = Av + H
iv‣Rk¦h© = ivRv + Hk¦h© g‣nk¦h© = gnv + Hk¦h©
g‣nK¨ = gnv + HK¨
A/Av + I/J = J
J = A + I
e‡b․lwa = eb + Ilwa gvs‡m․`b = gvsm + I`b
R‡j․N = Rj + IN MÖv‡g․K = MÖvg + IK
R‡j․K = Rj + IK
J = A + J
ci‡g․la = cig + Jla wP‡Ë․`vh© = wPË + J`vh©
w`‡e․la = w`e¨ + Jla
J = Av + I
K‡_․lwa = K_v + Ilwa g‡n․lwa = gnv + Ilwa
M‡½․N = M½v + IN
J = Av + J
g‡n․la = gnv + Jla g‡n․`vh© = gnv + J`vh©
g‡n․`vm¨ = gnv + J`vm¨
B/C + B/C = C
C = B + B
Kex‱ ª = Kwe + B›`ª Afxó = Awf + Bó
iex‱ ª = iwe + B› ª AZxZ = AwZ + BZ
hZx‱`ª = hwZ + B›`ª wMix‱ ª = wMwi + B› ª
gy³xQv = gyw³ + BQv gYx‱`ª = gwY + B›`ª
AZxe = AwZ + Be AZx‱`ª = AwZ + B›`ª
cÖZxZ = cÖwZ + BZ
C = B + C
cix¶v = cwi + C¶v cÖZx¶v = cÖwZ + C¶v
Aaxk¦i = Awa + Ck¦i wMixk = wMwi + Ck
w¶Zxk = w¶wZ + Ck Afxáv = Awf + Cáv
B = C + B
my`x‱ ª = myax + B›`ª gnx‱ ª = gnx + B› ª
gnx‱ ª = gnx + B› ª ‡hvMx‱`ª = †hvMx + B› ª
dYx‱`ª = dYx + B›`ª
C = C + C
j²xk = j²x + Ck c„w_exk¦i = c„w_ex + Ck¦i
c„w_¡xk¦i = c„_¡x + Ck¦i Aebxk¦i = AeYx + Ck¦i
c„w_¡xk = c„_¡x + Ck kªxk = kªx + Cl
mZxk = mZx + Ck gnxk¦i = gnx + Ck¦i
dYxk¦i = dYx + Ck¦i
B/C + B/C (wfb′¯i) = Ôh&Õ + wfb′¯^i
h`¨wc = hw` + Awc AZ¨vPvi = AwZ + AvPvi
BZ¨vw` = BwZ + Avw` Afy¨`q = Awf + D`q
AZ¨‰Í = AwZ + AšÍ AZz¨P = AwZ + DP
cÖZz¨l = cÖwZ + Dl cÖ‡Z¨K = cÖwZ+GK
Rv‣Z¨K¨ = RvwZ + HK¨ A‡Z¨vN = AwZ + IN
A‡Z¨․Íla = AwZ + Jla b`¨‰Í = b`x + AšÍ
b`¨vKvi = b`x + AvKvi b`y¨cwi = b`x + Dcwi
b`~¨wg© = b`x + Ewg© b‡`¨vN = b`x + IN
MZ¨‰Íi = MwZ + AšÍi BZ¨emi = BwZ + Aemi
cÖZ¨¶ = cÖwZ + A¶ cÖZ¨n = cÖwZ + An
e¨e v = we + Ae v cÖZ¨vkv = cÖwZ + Avkv
cÖZ¨veZ©b = cÖwZ + AveZ©b e¨vwa = we + Avwa
e¨vnZ = we + AvnZ e¨_© = we + A_©
e¨vKzj = we + AvKzj e¨envi = we + Aenvi
e¨envi = we + AÄb AZ¨vðh© = AwZ + Avðh©
BZ¨vKvi = BwZ + AvKvi cÖZz¨cKvi = cÖwZ + DcKi
AZz¨w³ = AwZ + Dw³ Afy¨Ìvb = Awf + DÌvb
AZz¨aŸ© = AwZ + DaŸ© A‣Z¨k¦h© = AwZ + Hk¦h©
b`¨¤^y = b`x + A¤y gm¨vavi = gmx + Avavi
by¨b = wb + Db AZ¨waK = AwZ + AwaK
Dchy©cwi = Dcwi + Dcwi cÖZ¨vL¨vb = cÖwZ + AvL¨vb
ch©v‡jvPbv= cwi + Av‡jvPbv Aa¨¶ = Awa + A¶
Av`¨‰Í = Avw` + AšÍ cÖZz¨Ëi = cÖwZ + DËi
D/E + D/E = E
E = D + D
wea~`q = weay + D`q ga~rme = gay + Drme
mva~Ëg = mvay + DËg KU~w³ = KUz + Dw³
Pviƒi = Pviæ + Di giƒ`¨vb = giæ + D`¨vb
Ab~w`Z = Aby + Dw`Z m~w³ = my + Dw³
m~³ = my + D³
E = D + E
jN~wg© = jNy + Ewg© en~aŸ© = eû + EaŸ©
AY~aŸ© = AYy + EaŸ© ZiƒaŸ© = Ziæ + DaŸ©
E = E + D
ea~rme = ea~ + Drme ea~w³ = ea~ + Dw³
ea~wPZ = ea~ + DwPZ
E = E + E
f~aŸ© = f~ + EaŸ© mih~wg = mih~ + Ewg©
22
D/E + Ab¨¯i = ÔiÕ + Ab¨¯i
A‰^q = Aby + Aq ¯^vMZg = my + AvMZg
A‡‰lY = AYy + GlY mvaŸxwnZ = mvay + CwnZ
g‰^‰Íi = gby + AšÍi ck¦vw` = cï + Avw`
gwaŸZ¨vw` = gay + BZ¨vw` eaŸvw` = ea~ + Avw`
ewaŸZ¨vw` = ea~ + BZ¨vw` ck¦ag = cï + Aag
¯^í = my + Aí ck¦vPvi = cï + AvPvi
Aw‰Í^Z = AYy + BZ Z‰x = ZYy + C
eaŸvjq = ea~ + Avjq eaŸvMgb = ea~ + AvMgb
ck′vewj = ckœ + Avewj ¯^vMZ = my + AvMZ
A‰Í^x¶v = AYy + C¶v ¸ex© = iæ + C
G/ + Ab¨¯i = Ag& + Ab¨¯i
Ai& = G + Ab¨¯i
bqb = †b + Ab kqb = †k + Ab
eqb = †e + Ab
H + Ab¨¯i = Avb + Ab¨¯^i
bvqK = •b + AK webvqK = we‣b + AK
I + Ab¨¯i = Ae& = Ab¨¯i
feb = †fv + Ab ceb = †cv + Ab
jeY = †jv + Ab Mevw` = †Mv + Avw`
M‡elYv = †Mv + GlYv
J + Ab¨¯i = Ave& + Ab¨¯i
cveK = †c․ + AK bvweK = †b․ + BK
fveyK = †f․ + DK kveK = †k․ + AK
`ªveK = †`ª․ + AK
Av + F = Ai&
Ai& =A/Av + F
‡`ewl© = †`e + Fwl wngZz© = wng& + FZz
gnwl© = gnv + Fwl ‡`eZvl©f = ‡`eZv + Flf
mßwl© = mß + Fwl DËgY© = DËg + FY
AagY© = Aag = FY ivRwl© = ivRv + Fwl
A/Av + FZ = AvZ©
kxZvZ© = kxZ + FZ `ytLvZ© = ytL + FZ
Z…òvZ© = Z…òv + FZ ‡kvKvZ© = †kvK + FZ
fqvZ© = fq + FZ wccvmvZ© = wccvmv + FZ
¶zavZ© = ¶zav + FZ ‡e`bvZ© = †e`bv + FZ
F + Ab¨¯^i = ( ª ) i-djv + Ab¨¯^i
wcÎbygwZ = wcZ… + AbygwZ wcÎv‡`k = wcZ… + Av‡`k
wcÎwi = wcZ… + Awi gvÎv‡`k = gvZ… + Av‡`k
gvÎxk¦i = gvZ… + Ck¦i wcÎ_© = wcZ… + A_©
wcwÎQv = wcZ… + BQv avÎx = avZz + C
wcÎyc‡`k = wcZ… + Dc‡`k wc‣Îk¦h© = wcZ… + Hk¦h©
gvwÎQv = gvZ… + BQv gvÎyc‡`k = gvZ… + Dc‡`k
e¨vÄbmwÜ
eMx©q Z…Zxq eY©
(K) hw` eMx©q Z…Zxq e‡Y©i mv‡_ ¯iaŸwbi DPviY _v‡K Z‡eÑ
w`M‱` = w`K& + AšÍ evMvo¤i = evK& + Avo¤i
evMxk = evK& + Ck RM`‰Í = RMr +AšÍ
RM`xk = RMr + Ck RMw`‱`ª = RMr + B›`ª
fe yËg = fer + DËg w`wM‱`ª = w`K& + B› ª
RM`xk¦i = RMr + Ck¦i AR‰Í = AP& + AšÍ
evM_© = evK& + A_© c„_Mb′ = c„_K& + Abœ
evMxk¦ix = evK& + Ck¦ix
cÖv‣MwZnvwmK = cÖvK& + HwZnvwmK
wbR‰Í = wbP& + AšÍ AR‰Ív = AP& + AšÍv
lovbb = lU& + Avbb loFZz = lU& + FZz
K…`‰Í = K…r + AšÍ g„`½ = g„r + A½
m`vb‱` = mr + Avb›` m`vkq = mr + Avkq
Z`‰Í = Zr + AšÍ e„n`viY¨K = e„nr + AviY¨K
Z`ewa = Zr + Aewa mw`Qv = mr + BQv
m y‡Ïk = mr + D‡Ïk mye‰Í = myc& + AšÍ
m yc‡`k = mr + Dc‡`k gn‡`․la = gnr + Jla
cÖv¸³ = cÖvK& + D³ lo½ = lU& + A½
l‣ok¦h© = lU& + Hk¦h© m`_©K = mr + A_©K
g„`½ = g„r + A½ kiw`‱`y = kir + B› y
AewM′ = Ac& + AwMœ AweÜb = Ac& + BÜb
(L) hw` eMx©q 3q e‡Y©i mv‡_ ¯iaŸwbi DPviY bv _v‡KÑ
evM&Rvj = evK& + Rvj w`M&MR = w`K& + MR
evM&`vb = evK& + `vb RM`&bv_ = RMr + bv_
FM&†e` = FK& + †e` evM&h‰¿ = evK& + hš¿
evM&`Ëv = evK& + `Ëv w`M&`k©b = w`K& + `k©b
evM&aviv = evK& + aviv lo&R = lU& + R
lo& k©b = lU& + `k©b lo&av = lU& + av
lo&wesk = lU& + wesk lo&fyR = lU& + fyR
D`MZ = Dr + MZ D`Nvib = Dr + NvUb
w`M&n Íx = w`K& + n Íx loh‰¿ = lU& + hš¿
D`&hvcb = Dr + hvcb wgå + &K`w = gå&M
loiM = lU& + iM w`Måv‰Í = w`K& + åvšÍ
(M) hw` eMx©q 3q e‡Y©i hy³ eY© _v‡KÑ
e„n×a = e„nr + ag© Am`ªƒc = Amr + iƒc
RMØÜz = RMr + eÜz gnØb = gnr + eb
KzÀwUKv = Kzr + SwUKv Z`ªæc = Zr + iæc
D`¨g = Dr + hg D`¨Z = Dr + hZ
D‡`¨vM = Dr + †hvM w`wM¦Rq = w`K& + weRq
23
RMwØL¨vZ = RMr + weL¨vZ D ¢e = Dr + fe
Dw ¢` = Dr + wf` Z ¢e = Zr + fe
m ¢ve = mr + fve Aâ = Ac + R
ÔQÕ
hw` (P) ev` w`‡q yB cv‡k fv½v hvqÑ
j²xQvqv = j²x + Qvqv cwiQ` = cwi + Q`
e„¶Qvqv = e„¶ + Qvqv ZiæQvqv = Ziæ + Qvqv
AvQv`b = Av + Qv`b GKQÎ = GK + QÎ
¯^Q‱` = ^ + Q›` gyLQwe = gyL + Qwe
cÖQ` = cÖ + Q` cÖQvqv = cÖ + Qvqv
A½‡Q` = A½ + †Q` Av‡jvKQUv = Av‡jvK + QUv
K_vQ‡j = K_v + Q‡j K_vQ‡j = K_v + Q‡j
AvQb′ = Av + Qbœ wRÁvmvQ‡j= wRÁvmv + Q‡j
cix¶vQ‡j = cix¶v + Q‡j cÖwZQwe = cÖwZ + Qwe
cwi‡Q` = cwi + †Q` we‡Q` = we + †Q`
wewQb′ = we + wQbœ Aby‡Q` = Aby + †Q`
cwiQb′ = cwi + Qbœ
hw` (P) ev` w`‡q yB cv‡k fv½v bv hvq|
gnQÎ = gnr + QÎ ZQwe = Z`& + Qwe
ZwQ`ª = Z`& + wQ ª D‡Q` = Dr + †Q`
mQvÎ = mr + QvÎ ZQvq = Z`& + Qvq
wecQvqv = wec`& + Qvqv DwQb′ = Dr + wQbœ
‡h mKj †¶‡Î (Q)-Gi cwie‡Z© (k) nqÑ
RMQiY¨ = RMr + kiY¨ gnQKU = gnr + kKU
DQ„Lj DQ¡vk = Dr + k¦vm„Lj = Dr + k
ZQw³ = Z`& + kw³ PjQw³ = Pi & + kw³
wØZ¡ e¨Äb¸‡jvi †¶‡Î
D¾¡j = Dr + R¡j fe¾©b¥ = fer + Rb¥
GZ¾j = GZ`& + Rj wec¾vj = wec¾vj
RM‡¾¨vwZ = RMr + †R¨vwZ Z¾vZxq = Z`& + RvZxq
m¾b = mr + Rb Z¾b¨ = Z`& + Rb¨
RM¾xeb = RMr + Rxeb hve¾xeb = hver + Rxeb
Z¾vZxq = Z`& + RvZxq DÇxb = Dr + Wxb
feÇg&iæ = fer + Wgiæ gnÇgiæ = gnr + Rgiæ
e„njøjvU = e„nr + jjvU DwjøwLZ = Dr + wjwLZ
we`y¨jøZv = we`y¨r + jZv ZwjøwLZ = Z`& + wjwLZ
Djøvm = Dr + jvm D‡jøL¨ = Dr + †jL¨
D‡jøL = Dr + †jL feÏk©Y = fer + `k©Y
DÆjwZ = Dr + UjwZ ZÆjwZ = Z`& + UjwZ
e„nƪxKv = e„nr + UxKv enÆWKvi = e„n r + UWKvi
RMb′v_ = RMr + bv_ Db′qb = Dr + bqb
Db′wZ = Dr + bwZ Zwb′wgË = Z`& + wbwgË
Zwb′ô = Z`& + wbô ¶zwY′e„wË = ¶za& + wbe„wË
DPviY = Dr + PviY GZPiY = GZ`& + PiY
mwP‰Ív = mr + wPšÍv mwPr = mr + wPr
wecwP‰Ív = wec`& + wPšÍv wecPq = wec`& + Pq
kiP‱ ª = kir + P›`ª PjwPÎ = Pjr + wPÎ
ZwPÎ = Z`& + wPÎ
hy³e‡Y©i cÖ_‡g bvwmK¨ eY© _vK‡j
M‰Íe¨ = Mg& + Ze¨ M‰Ív = Mg& + Zv
Avµv‰Í = Avµvg& + Z m‰Ívc = mg& + Zvc
k¼v = kg& + Kv mÂq = mg& + Pq
`‱`k„b = mg& + `k©b m¤§vb = mg& + gvb
mb′¨vm = mg& = b¨vm wKwÂr = wKg& + wPr
mÄvZ = mg& + RvZ mÂq = mg& + Rq
M‰Íe¨ = Mg& + Ze¨ wK‰Í‧ = wKg& = Zz
mÜvb = mg& + avb mwÜ = mg& + wa
wKb′i = wKg& + bi m¤ú~Y© = mg& + c~Y©
m¤cÖ`vb = mg& + cÖ`vb m‡¤^vab = mg& + †evab
m¤§vb = mg& + gvb mw¤§jb = mg& + wgjb
ÔsÕ _vK‡j
wKsK‡ivwl= wKg& + K‡ivwl M„nsMQ = M„ng& + MQ
kÎæsRwn = kÎæg& + Rwn Kósmn = Kóg& + mn
msL¨v = mg& + L¨v msNUb = mg& + NUb
ms‡hvM = mg& + †hvM wKsev = wKg& + ev
ekse` = ekg& + e` msmvi = mg& + mvi
msnvi = mg& + nvi msea©bv = mg& + ea©bv
msjvc = mg& + jvc mshg = mg& + hg
msivM = mg& + ivM msKí = mg& + Kí
msev` = mg& + ev` ms‡kvab = mg& + †kvab
ms‡hvRb = mg& + †hvRb mskßK = mg& + kßK
mskq = mg& + kq msjM′ = mg& + jMœ
msNvZ = mg& + NvZ msMxZ = mg& + MxZ
AnsKvi = Ang& + Kvi msMVb = mg& + MVb
msKxY© = mg& + KxY© wKse`w‰Í = wKg& + e`wšÍ
wcÖqse`v = wcÖqg& + e`v wekse` = wekg& + e`
wmsn = wmb& + n msi¶v = mg& + i¶v
msNl© = mg& + Nl© msMZ = mg& + MZ
msN = mg& + N mshZ = mg& + hZ
mshy³ = mg& + hy³ msi¶Y = mg& + i¶Y
me©smnv = me©g& + mnv msnZ = mg& + nZ
ÔÌÕ-Gi †¶‡Î
DÌvb = Dr + vb DwÌwZ = Dr + w wZ
24
×-Gi †¶‡Î
DׄZ = Dr + üZ D×Z = Dr = nZ
Zw×Z = Z`& + wnZ D×vi = Dr + nvi
c×wZ = c`& + nwZ
r-Gi †¶‡Î
ZrKvj = Z`& + Kvj ürK¤ú = ü`& + K¤ú
ürwcÐ = ü`& + wcÐ Zrci = Z`& + ci
Zrmg = Z`& + mg ür¯ú‱`b = ü`& + ¯ú›`b
¶zrKvZi = ¶za& + KvZi ¶zrwccvmv = ¶za& + wccvmv
ó / ô
e„wó = e„l& + wZ AvK…ó = AvK…l& + Z
lô = ll& + _
wemM©mwÜ
ÔIÕ Kvi _vK‡j
m‡`¨vRvZ = m`¨t + RvZ AKz‡Zvfq= AKzZt + fq
g‡bvMvgx = gbt + Mvgx m‡`¨vN„Z = m`¨t + N„Z
hrc‡ivbvw = hrcit + bvw Í g‡bvni = gbt + ni
g‡bvig = gbt + ig Z‡cveb = Zct + eb
g‡bvi_ = gbt + i_ g‡bvbqb = gbt + bqb
g‡bv‡hvM = gbt + †hvM m‡ivei = mit + ei
m‡ivR = mit + R g‡bvR = gbt + R
wZ‡ivavb = wZit + avb wZ‡ivfve = wZit + fve
A‡avMwZ = Aat + MwZ g‡bvMZ = gbt + MZ
e‡qv‡R¨ô = eqt + †R¨ô ·qv`k = Îqt + `k
wk‡iv‡`g = wkit + †`k wk‡ivavh© = wkit + avh©
g‡bvbxZ = gbt + bxZ A‡ave`b = Aat + e`b
m‡ivei = mit + ei g‡bvfve = gbt + fve
B‡Zvg‡a¨ = BZt + g‡a¨ m‡`¨vgy³ = m`¨t + gy³
wk‡iviZ¥ = wkit + iZœ h‡kvwjáv = hkt + wjáv
h‡kvjvf = hkt + jvf cy‡ivwnZ = cyit + wnZ
A‡avgyL = Aat + gyL A‡avMvgx = Aat + Mvgx
A‡qvgq = Aqt + gq A‡av‡iL = Aat + †iL
k/l/m-Gi hy³eY©
hy³e‡Y©i ïiæ‡Z k/m/l _vK‡j
ÔkÕ-Gi hy³ eY©
c~Y©ð‱`ª = c~Y©t + P› ª wbwðZ = wbt + wPZ
ZiæQvqv = Ziæt + Qvqv `ywð‰Ív = yt + wPšÍv
wki‡ð` = wkit + †Q` wbðq = wbt + Pq
`yðwiÎ = yt + PwiÎ wbwð`ª = wbt + wQ ª
wbðj = wbt + Pj wbwð‰Í = wbt + wPšÍ
wbwðý = wbt + wPý wbðzc = wbt + Pzc
wb‡ðvó = wbt + †Pó wb‡ðZb = wbt + †PZb
ÔmÕ-Gi hy³ eY©
wZi¯‥vi = wZit + Kvi cyi¯‥vi = cyit + Kvi
bg¯‥vi = bgt + Kvi ‡kªq¯‥i = †kªqt + Ki
hk¯‥i = hkt + Ki gb¯‥vg = gbt + Kvg
fv¯‥i = fvt + Ki evP¯úwZ = evPt + cwZ
wb¯Ívi = wbt + Zvi gb¯Ívc = gbt + Zvc
‡ZR¯‥i = †ZRt + Ki Av¯ú © = Avt + c`
`y¯Íi = yt + Zi wb‡¯ÍR = wbt + †ZR
BZ¯ÍZ = BZt + ZZ Aa¯Íb = Aat + Zb
Avwe®‥vi = Avwet + Kvi wb¯úwË = wbt + cwË
wb®úb′ = wbt + cbœ PZz‡®‥vY = PZzt + †KvY
‡ZRw¯…q = †ZRt + wµq bf¯Íj = bft + Zj
ÔlÕ-Gi hy³ eY©
wb®‥vi = wbt + Kvi `y®‥g© = yt + Kg©
Avwe®K…Z = Avwet + K…Z wbõj = wbt + dj
ewn®K…Z = ewnt + K…Z PZz‡®‥vY = PZzt + †KvY
abyó¼vi = abyt + U¼vi åvZ…®úyÎ = åvZzt + cyÎ
PZz®ú` = PZzt + c` Avqy®‥vj = Avqyt + Kvj
wb®úvc = wbt + cvc wb®‥vg = wbt + Kvg
Avwe®‥vi = Avwet + Kvi `y®úvP¨ = yt + cvP¨
`y®‥vh© = yt + Kvh© wbôzi = wbt + Vyi
wbôv = wbt + Vv PZzóq = PZzt + óq
wbðq = wbt + Pq `ywð‰Ív = yt + wPšÍv
wbwð`ª = wbt + wQ ª wki‡ð` = wkit + †Q`
PZzóq = PZzt + Uq abyó¼vi = abyt + U¼vi
wbôzi = wbt + Vyi
ÔiÕ-Gi †¶‡Î
cybiwc = cybt + Awc cybivMZ = cybt + AvMZ
¯^M©Z = ^t + MZ gvZ‡`©wn = gvZt + †`wn
wba©b = wbt + ab eÜzivMZ = eÜzt + AvMZ
abywe©`¨v = abyt + we`¨v cÖvZiæÌvb = cÖvZt + DÌvb
A‰Íi½ = AšÍt + A½ c~be©vi = c~bt + evi
wbf©q = wbt + fq wbY©q = wbt + bq
wbe©vK = wbt + evK wbivc` = wbt + Avc`
A‰Íh©vgx = AšÍt + hvgx cÖv yf©ve = cÖv yt + fve
Avwef©ve = Avwet + fve ‡R¨vwZg©q = †R¨vwZt + gq
`yivPvi = yt + AvPvi `yex©wbZ = yt + exwbZ
`yj© = ¨N yt + jN¨ wbh©vZb = wbt + hvZb
wbg©j = wbt + gj A‰ÍM©Z = AšÍt + MZ
A‰Ía©vb = AšÍt + avb Anwb©k = Ant + wbk
Anin = Ant + An PZz`©k = PZzt + `k
PZz‡`vjv = PZzt + †`vjv PZzgy©L = PZzt + gyL
PZzfy©R = PZzt + fyR `ye©vi = yt + evi
25
`yw`©b = yt + w`b `y`©g = yt + `g
` y‡e©va = yt + †eva wbiæ‡ØM = wbt + D‡ØM
wbS©i = wbt + Si `yie v = yt + Ae v
`yM©wZ = yt + MwZ `yi‰Í = yt + AšÍ
wb`©q = wbt + `q wbR©b = bt + Rb
cybivq = cybt + Avq cÖvZivk = cÖvZt + Avk
ewnM©Z = ewnt + MZ cybe©vi = cybt + evi
A‰Í`©vn = AšÍt + `vn Avkxe©v` = Avkxt + ev`
wbN©vZ = wbt + NvZ wbib′ = wbt + Abœ
wbivKvi = wbt + AvKvi wbivgv = wbt + Avkv
ewni½ = ewnt + A½ ewnwiw‱`ªq = ewnt + Bw›`ªq
wbixn = wbt + Cn wbix¶Y = wbt + C¶vY
wbiæcvq = wbt + Dcvq wbiæcgv = wbt + Dcgv
`yivkv = yt + Avkv `yiæw³ = yt + Dw³
`yiæPvh© = yt + DPvh© `yiƒn = yt + Dn
`yivZ¥v = `yt + AvZ¥v
‡R¨vwZwiw‱`ªq = †R¨vwZt + Bw›`ªq
A‰ÍivZ¥v = AšÍt + AvZ¥v A‰ÍwiZ = AšÍt + BZ
A‰ÍwiZ = AšÍt + BZ A‰Íwiw‱`ªq = AšÍt + Bw› ªq
A‰Íix¶v = AšÍ + C¶v A‰Íixc = AšÍt + Cc
cybivwaKvi = cybt + AwaKvicybiæÌvb = cybt + DÌvb
cybiæw³ = cybt + Dw³ A‰Í‡f©`x = AšÍt + †f`x
A‰Íg©vayh© = AšÍt + gvayh© A‰Íh©vgx = AšÍt + hvgx
A‰Íjx©b = AšÍt + jxb `yM„Z = yt + MZ
`yN©Ubv = yt + NUbv `yR©b = yt + Rb
ewnR©Mr = ewnt + RMr wbw`©ó = wbt + w`ó
PZzw`©K = PZzt + w`K wba©viY = wbt + aviY
PZza©v = PZzt + av `ywb©evi = yt + wbevi
`ye©n = yt + en wbe©vK = wbt + evK
A‰Íf~³ = AšÍt + f~³ `yf©vM¨ = yt + fvM¨
wbg©vY = wbt + gvY ewngy©L = ewnt + gyL
wbh©vZb = wbt + hvZb `y‡h©vM = yt + †hvM
wbj©¾ = wbt + j¾ `yj©f = yt + jf
A‰Íwn©Z = AšÍt + wnZ A‰ÍR©Mr = AšÍt + RMr
A‰ÍÁ©vY = AšÍt + ÁvY A‰ÍR©j = AšÍt + Rj
A‰Íwb©wnZ = AšÍt + wbwnZ A‰Íe©Zx = AšÍt + eZx©
PZz‡`©vjv = PZzt + †`vjv PZzgy©L = PZzt + gyL
PZzivbb = PZzt + Avbb PZz‡e©` = PZzt + †e`
PZzwe©a = PZzt + wea ‡R¨vwZwe©` = PZzt + we`
`yiwfmwÜ = yt + AwfmwÜ `ybx©wZ = yt + bxwZ
`yM©wZ = yt + MwZ `yM©Z = yt + MZ
`yie v = yt + Ae v `yi‰Í = yt + AšÍ
`yi „wó = `yt + „wó `y‡Á©q = yt + †Áq
`y`©kv = yt + `kv `y`©v‰Í = yt + `všÍ
`ye©n = yt + en `yf©vM¨ = yt + fvM¨
`yj©e = yt + jf wbi¶i = wbt + A¶i
wbi¼zk = wbt + A¼zk wbiciva = wbt + Aciva
wbiwfgvb = wbt + Awfgvb wbij¼vi = wbt + Aj¼vi
wbiæwØM′ = wbt + DwØMœ wbM©Z = wbt + MZ
wbN©vZ = wbt + NvZ wbR©jv = wbt + Rjv
wbRx©e = wbt + Rxe wb‡`©vl = wbt + †`vl
wbe©vn = wbt + evn wb‡e©` = wbt + †e`
wbY©q = wbt + bq wbfx©K = wbt + wfK
wbg©vY = wbt + gvY wb‡g©vn = wbt + †gvn
wbg~©j = wbt + g~j wbh©vm = wbt + hvm
wbwj©ß = wbt + wjß wb‡j©vf = wbt + †jvf
cybwg©jb = cybt + wgjb cybf©ve = cybt + fve
cybiæ¾xweZ = cybt + D¾xweZ
cybiærcwË = cybt + DrcwË cybiæ ¢e = cybt + D™¢e
cybiæ×vi = cybt + D×vi cybivMZ = cybt + AvMZ
cybive„wË = cybt + Ave„wË cybivMgb = cybt + AvMgb
ewnivMZ = ewnt + AvMZ ewniveiY = ewnt + AveiY
ewnM©Z = ewnt + MZ ewnØ©vi = ewnt + Øvi
ewn©evwYR¨= ewnt + evwYR¨ ewn©f~Z = ewnt + f~Z
wemM© wVK _v‡K Ggb
A‰ÍtKiY = AšÍt + KiY A‰Ít‡KvY = AšÍt + †KvY
A‰Ítµxov = AšÍt + µxov AatcZb = Aat + cZb
A‰Ítcyi = AšÍt + cyi A‰Ítmwjjv = AšÍt + mwjjv
A‰Ítkxj = AšÍt + kxj BZtc~‡e© = BZt + c~‡e©
Aatµg = Aat + µg Aat‡¶c = Aat + †¶c
AZtci = AZt + ci
mwÜi †¶‡Î me †P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© n‡jv wbcvZ‡b wm× mwÜ I we‡kl
wbq‡g mvwaZ mwÜ|
wbcvZ‡b wm× ¯^imwÜ mg~n n‡jv:
Kzj + AUv = KzjUv †Mv + A¶ = Mev¶
cÖ + Ep = †c․p Ab¨ + Ab¨ = Ab¨b¨
gvZ© = AÐ = gvZ©Ð ï× + I`b = ï‡×v`b
¯^ + Ci = ‣¯i ¯^+ CwiYx= •¯wiYx
†Mv + B›`ª = M‡e› ª †Mv + Ck¦i = M‡ek¦i
A¶ + EwnYx = A‡¶․wnYx i³ + Iô = i‡³vô
mxgb + AZ = mxgšÍ kvi + A½ = kvi½
`k + FY = `k©vY
we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ e¨Äb mwÜ mg~n
Dr + vb = DÌvb mg + Kvi = ms¯‥vi|
Dr + w Z = DwÌZ Dr + vcb = DÌvcb|
mg& + K…Z = ms¯‥…Z cwi + Kvi = cwi®‥vi|
26
mg& + K…wZ = ms¯‥…wZ cwi + K…Z = cwi®‥…Z |
KZK¸‡jv mwÜ wbcvZ‡b wm× nq| †hgb-
Av + Ph© = Avðh© †Mv + c` = †Mv®ú`
eb + cwZ = eb¯úwZ e„nr + cwZ = e„n¯úwZ|
Zr + Ki = Z¯‥i ci + ci = ci¯úi|
gbm + Clv = gbxlv lU& + `k = †lvok|
GK + `k = GKv`k ‡Mv+ h = Me¨
‡b․ + h = bve¨ we¤^ + Iô = we‡¤vô
cZr + AÄwj = cZÄwj BZ¨vw`|
mgvm
welq wfwËK Av‡jvPbv
mgv‡mi cÖwµqvq mgvme× ev mgvmwb®úbœ c`wUi bvg mg¯Í
c`|
mg¯Í c` ev mgvme× c`wUi AšÍM©Z c`¸‡jv‡K mgm¨gvb
c` e‡j|
mgvmhy³ c‡`i cÖ_g Ask (kã)-†K ejv nq c~e©c` Ges
cieZx© Ask (kã)-†K ejv nq DËic` ev cic`|
mg¯Í c`‡K †f‡O †h evK¨vsk Kiv nq, Zvi bvg mgvmevK¨,
e¨vmevK¨ ev weMÖnevK¨|
¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz mgv‡mi D`vniY
Ø‱Ø mgvm
1. wgjbv_©K kã‡hv‡M : gv-evc, gvwm-wcwm, wR¡b-cix, Pv-
we¯‥zU BZ¨vw`|
2. we‡ivav_©K kã‡hv‡M : `v-Kzgov, Awn-bKzj, ¯^M©-biK
BZ¨vw`|
3. wecixZv_©K kã‡hv‡M : Avq-e¨q, Rgv-LiP, †QvU-eo,
†Q‡j-ey‡ov, jvf-†jvKmvb BZ¨vw`|
4. A½evPK kã‡hv‡M : nvZ-cv, bvK-Kvb, eyK-wcV, gv_v-gyÐz,
bvK-gyL BZ¨vw`|
5. msL¨vevPK kã‡hv‡M : mvZ-cuvP, bq-Qq, mvZ-m‡Zi,
Ewbk-wek BZ¨vw`|
6. mgv_©K kã‡hv‡M : nvU-evRvi, Ni- yqvi, Kj-KviLvbv,
†gvjøv- †g․jwf, LvZv-cÎ BZ¨vw`|
7. AjyK Ø‱Ø : †h Ø›Ø mgv‡m †Kv‡bv mgm¨gvb c‡`i wefw³
†jvc nq bv, Zv‡K AjyK Ø›Ø e‡j| †hgb - `y‡a-fv‡Z,
R‡j-¯‡j, †`‡k-we‡`‡k, nv‡Z-Kj‡g|
8. eûc`x Ø‱Ø : wZb ev eû c‡` Ø›Ø mgvm n‡j Zv‡K eûc`x
Ø›Ø mgvm e‡j| †hgb : mv‡ne-wewe-†Mvjvg, nvZ-cv- bvK-
gyL-†PvL BZ¨vw`|
9. Ab¨vb¨: Kvco-‡Pvco, †cvKv-gvKo, `qv-gvqv, aywZ-Pv`i,
hv-Zv, †h-‡m, h_v-Z_v, Zzwg-Avwg, GLv‡b-†mLv‡b, †`Lv-
†kvbv, hvIqv-Avmv, Pjv-†div, †`Iqv-†bIqv, ax‡i-my‡ ,
Av‡M-cv‡Q, AvKv‡i-Bw½‡Z, fvj-g›`, Kg-‡ewk, Avmj-
bKj, evwK-e‡Kqv BZ¨vw`|
Kg©aviq mgvm
ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq
wmsn wPwýZ Avmb = wmsnvmb mvwnZ¨ welqK mfv= mvwnZ¨mfv
¯§„wZ i¶v‡_© †m․a = ¯§„wZ‡m․a KuvPvwgVv = hv KuvPv ZvB wgVv
bxjvKvk = bxj †h AvKvk gnvbex = gnvb †h bex
gnvRb = gnvb †h Rb gnvKve¨ = gnv †h Kve¨
gnvZK© = gnv †h ZK© kvšÍ-wkó = ‡h kvšÍ †mB wkó
PvjvK-PZzi = ‡h PvjvK †mB PZzi
Dcgvb Kg©aviq
ågiK…ò = †Kk åg‡ii b¨vq K…ò
Zzlviïå = Zzlv‡ii b¨vq ïå
AiæYiv½v = Aiæ‡Yi b¨vq ivOv
KvRjKv‡jv = KvR‡ji b¨vq Kv‡jv
Kzmyg‡Kvgj = Kzmy‡gi b¨vq †Kvgj
Zzlvi-kxZj = Zzlv‡ii b¨vq kxZj
`y»aej = `y‡»i b¨vq aej
eRªK‡Vvi = e‡Rªi b¨vq K‡Vvi
i³jvj = i‡³i b¨vq jvj
DcwgZ Kg©aviq
gyLP‱ ª = gyL P‡› ªi b¨vq cyiælwmsn = cyiæl wms‡ni b¨vq
PiYKgj = PiY Kg‡ji b¨vq P‱`ªgyL = gyL P‡›`ªi b¨vq
Puv`e`b = Puv‡`i b¨vq e`b cyiælwmsn = cyiæl wms‡ni b¨vq
dzjKzgvix = Kzgvix dz‡ji b¨vq evûjZv = evû jZvi b¨vq
iƒcK Kg©aviq
†µvavbj = †µva welv`wmÜz = welv` iƒc wmÜz
gbgvwS = gb iƒc gvwS cÖvYcvwL = cÖvY iƒc cvwL
‡h․ebm~h© = ‡h․eb iƒc m~h© ‡µvavbj = ‡µva iƒc Abj
gbgvwS = fw³ iƒc gvwS gb‡ewo = gb iƒc †ewo
‡gvnwb`ªv = ‡gvniƒc wb ªv ‡kvKvbj = ‡kvK iƒc Abj
Zrcyiæl mgvm
wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
`ytLcÖvß, wec`vcbœ, ci‡jvKMZ
Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
gbMov, kªgjä, gaygvLv, abvX¨, G‡Kvb, we`¨vnxb, Ávbk~b¨,
¯^Y©gwÐZ, nxiKLwPZ, P›`bPwP©Z, iZœ‡kvwfZ BZ¨vw`|
27
PZy_x© Zrcyiæl mgvm
¸iæfw³, Avivg‡K`viv, emZevwo, we‡qcvMjv, QvÎvevm,
WvKgvïj, †PvlKvMR, wkïg½j, gymvwdiLvbv, nR¡hvÎv,
gvj¸`vg, ivbœvNi, gvcKvwV, †g‡q¯‥zj, evwjKv-we`¨vjq,
cvMjvMvi` BZ¨vw`|
cÂgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
LuvPvQvov, wejvZ‡diZ, ‥yjcvjv‡bv, †Rjgy³, †RjLvjvm,
†euvUvLmv, AvMv‡Mvov, kvcgy³, FYgy³ BZ¨vw`|
lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
PvevMvb, ivRcyÎ, †LqvNvU, QvÎmgvR, †`k‡mev, w`jxk¦i,
euv`ibvP, cvU‡¶Z, QweNi, †Nvo‡`․o, k¦ïievwo, weovjQvbv
BZ¨vw`|
mßgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
evKcUz, †Mvjvfiv, ZvjKvbv, AKvjg„Zz¨, wek¦weL¨vZ, †fvRbcUz,
`vbexi, ev·ew›`, e ÍvcPv, ivZKvbv, gbgiv BZ¨vw`|
bT Zrcyiæl mgvm
AbvPvi, Abv`i, bvwZ`xN©, bvwZLe©, Afve, †eZvj, bvgÄyi,
Avjywb, bv‡Qvo, Abvev`x BZ¨vw`|
Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
mZ¨ev`x, B›`ªwRr, †Q‡jaiv, avgvaiv, c‡KUgvi, cvZvPvUv,
nvofv½v, gvwQgviv, Qvi‡cvKv, Ni‡cvov, eY©‡Pviv, MjvKvUv,
cv-PvUv, cvov‡eovbx, Qv-†cvlv BZ¨vw`|
AjyK Zrcyiæl mgvm
K‡ji Mvb, Miæi Mvwo, gvgvi evwo, Mv‡bi Avmi BZ¨vw`|
wظ mgvm
wÎKvj, †P․iv Ív, †Zgv_v, AóavZz, PZzi½, w·gvwnbx, †Zib`x,
cÂf~Z, mvZmgy`ª, kZvãx, cÂeUx, wÎdjv, cÂb`, BZ¨vw`|
eûeªxwn mgvm
mgvbvwaKiY eûeªxwn
nZkªx, Lvk‡gRvR, üZme© ^, DPwki, cxZv¯i, bxjKÉ,Rei`w¯Í,
mykxj, mykªx, e`eL&Z, KgeL&Z BZ¨vw`|
e¨vwaKiY eûeªxwn
Avkxwel, K_vme©¯^, `y KvbKvUv, †euvUvLmv, Qv-†cvlv, cv-PvUv,
cvZv‡Quov. avgvaiv BZ¨vw`|
e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn
nvZvnvwZ, KvbvKvwb, PyjvPzwj, KvovKvwo, MvjvMvwj, †`Lv‡`wL,
†KvjvKzwj, jvVvjvwV, nvmvnvwm, uZv¸wZ, NylvNywl BZ¨vw`|
bT& eûeªxwn
AÁvb, †e‡nW, bvPvi, wbfy©j, bvRvbv, ARvbv, bvnK, wbiæcvq,
wbS©ÅvU, AeyS, A‡K‡Rv, †e-c‡ivqv, †eûuk, AbšÍ, †eZvi
BZ¨vw`|
ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn
weovj‡PvLx, nv‡ZLwo, Mv‡q njy`, †gwbgy‡Lv, weovjv¶x, g„Mbqbv,
wZwgiKzšÍjv, Aaicjøex BZ¨vw`|
cÖZ¨qv‰Í eûeªxwn
GK‡PvLv, Nigy‡Lv, †`vUvbv, †`vgbv, GK u‡q, A‡K‡Rv, GKN‡i,
†`vbjv, †`vZjv, EbcuvRy‡i BZ¨vw`|
AjyK eûeªxwn
gv_vqcvMwo, MjvqMvgQv, nv‡Z-Qwo, Kv‡b-Kjg, Mv‡q-cov,
nv‡Z- ‡ewo, gv_vq-QuvZv, gy‡L- fvZ, Kv‡b-Lv‡Uv BZ¨vw`|
msL¨vePK eûeªxwn
`kMwR, †P․Pvjv, PvinvwZ, †Zcvqv, †mZvi BZ¨vw`|
wbcvZ‡b wm× (†Kv‡bv wbq‡gi Aax‡b bq) eûeªxwn
Øxc, AšÍM©Z Ac hvi = AšÍixc, bicï, Rxeb¥„Z, cwÐZg~L©
BZ¨vw`|
Ae¨qxfve mgvm
DcKÉ, DcK~j, cÖwZ w`b, cÖwZ ¶‡Y, Aby¶Y, wbivwgl, wbf©vebv,
wbR©j, wbiærmvn, Avmgy`ªwngvPj, Avcv`g ÍK, Dckni, DcMÖn,
Dceb, h_vixwZ, h_vmva¨, h_vwewa, h_v‡hvM¨, D‡Øj, DQ„,Lj
cÖwZK~j, Abyaveb, AvbZ, Aviw³g, DcMÖn, Dcb`x, cwic~Y©,
m¤ú~Y©, c‡iv¶, cÖwcZvgn, cÖwZQvqv, cÖwZQwe, cªwZwe¤^,
cÖwZc¶, cÖZzËi BZ¨vw`|
cÖvw` mgvm
cÖePb, cwiågY, AbyZvc, cÖfvZ, cÖMwZ BZ¨vw`|
wbZ¨ mgvm
MÖvgvšÍi, `k©bgvÎ, M„nvšÍi, Kvjmvc, Avgiv, weivbeŸB BZ¨vw`|
aŸwb I eY©
DPviY vb Abyhvqx evsjv e¨ÄbaŸwbi wefvM
DPviY
¯vb
e¨ÄbaŸwbi
eY©mg~n
DPiY vb Abyhvqx bvg
wRnŸvg~j
AMÖZvjy
cðvr `šÍg~j
AMÖ `šÍg~j
Iô
K L M N O
P Q R S T k h q
U V W X Y l i o p
Z _ ` a b j m
c d e f g
Kɨ ev wRnŸvg~jxq eY©
Zvje¨ eY©
g~a©b¨ ev cðvr `šÍg~jxq eY©
`šÍ eY© ev AMÖ `šÍg~jxq eY©
Iô¨ eY©
28
-AícÖvY I gnvcÖvY Ges †Nvl I A‡Nvl aŸwb-
DPvi
Y ¯vb
A‡Nvl (voiceless) †Nvl (voiced)
(1)
AícÖvY
(Unaspire
d)
(2)
gnvcÖvY
(Aspire
d)
(3)
AícÖvY
(Unaspire
d)
(4)
gnvcÖvY
(Aspire
d)
(5)
bvwmK
¨
KÚ K L M N O
Zvjy P Q R S T
g~a©v U V W X Y
`‰Í Z _ ` a b
Iô c d e f g
A‡N
vl
†Nvl
Zvo
b
RvZ
K¤úbR
vZ
cvwk¦©K
D®§/wk
k
A‰
Ít
K L M N bvwmK¨
O
o i j k h
P Q R S T p AbybvwmK l i
U V W X Y civkªqx s m j
Z _ ` a b s
n e
c d e f g t
gvÎv
eY© c~Y©gvÎv Aa©gvÎv gvÎvnxb
¯^ieY© 6 1 4
e¨ÄbeY© 26 7 6
‡gvU 32 8 10
[Dc‡ii Q‡Ki welqvw` ev‡`I aŸwb eY© mg~‡ni bvg wb‡q wewfbœ
iKg cÖkœ n‡q _v‡K| Gm‡ei DËi †`Iqvi Rb¨ wb‡Pi msÁv¸‡jv
†`‡L wbb|]
¯úk© aŸwb-K †_‡K g ch©šÍ 25wU aŸwb‡K ¯úk© aŸwb
e‡j|
A‡Nvl aŸwb- †h aŸwb DPvi‡Yi AvIqv‡R Mv¤¢xh© Av‡m
bv †mme aŸwb‡K A‡Nvl aŸwb e‡j| ‡hgb- K, P, U, Z, c|
bvwmK¨ aŸwb-†h aŸwb DPvi‡Yi mgq bvK w`‡q evZvm
†ei nq Zv‡K bvwmK¨ aŸwb e‡j|‡hgb- O, T, Y, b, g|
ZvobRvZ aŸwb-wRnev w`‡q uv‡Zi g~‡j AvNvZ K‡i ‡h
aŸwb DPviY Kiv nq Zv‡K ZvobRvZ aŸwb e‡j| o p|
K¤úbRvZ aŸwb-wRnevi AMÖfvM Kw¤úZ K‡i G aŸwb
DPvwiZ nq e‡j G‡K K¤úbRvZ aŸwb e‡j| i|
cvwk¦©K aŸwb-†h aŸwb DPvi‡Yi mgq wRnevi yBcvk
w`‡q evqy †ei nq Zv‡K cvwk¦©K aŸwb e‡j| j|
wkk aŸwb-†h eY© DPvi‡Yi mgq wkk †`Iqvi g‡Zv
AvIqvR nq Zv‡K wkk aŸwb e‡j| k, l, m|
D®§/wkk aŸwb-†h eY© DPvi‡Yi mgq cÖPzi evZvm(D®§)
e¨eüZ nq Zv‡K D®§ eY© ejv nq| k, l, m, n|
A‰Ít¯ aŸwb-DPvi‡Yi w`K †_‡K ¯úk©aŸwb I D®§aŸwbi
ga¨eZ©x aŸwb‡K AšÍt¯ aŸwb e‡j| h, i, j, e|
civkªqx aŸwb-†h aŸwb Ab¨ aŸwbi mvnvh¨ Qvov DPvwiZ
n‡Z cv‡i bv Zv‡K civkªqx aŸwb e‡j|
AbybvwmK eY©-†h eY© Zvi cieZ©x e‡Y©i DPviY‡K
bvwmK¨ K‡i †mB eY©‡K AbybvwmK eY© e‡j|
N„ó eY©-P,Q,R,S GB PviwU eY©‡K N„ó eY© ejv nq|
wbjxb eY©- A-†K wbjxb eY© ejv nq|
Kvi-¯ie‡Y©i msw¶ß iƒc‡K Kvi e‡j| Kv‡ii msL¨v
10wU| ÔAÕ Qvov meKwU ¯ie‡Y©i Kvi nq|
djv-e¨Äbe‡Y©i msw¶ß iƒc‡K djv e‡j| djv 6wU|
h_v- b, g, h, i, j, e|
cyiæl I ¯¿xevPK kã
K¬xe wj½evPK kã : cyiæl A_ev ¿x †KvbwU †evSvq bv| D`vniY-
cvnvo, †Uwej, eB, MvQ, dj BZ¨vw`|
Dfqwj½evPK kã : ¯¿x Ges cyiæl DfqB †evSvq| D`vniY :
Wv³vi, wkíx, Kwe, cvwL, mšvb, wkï, ¸iæ, wkw¶Z BZ¨vw`|
wbZ¨ ¯¿x evPK kã : Aa©vw½bx, KzjUv, weaev, mcZœx, Am~h©¤úk¨v,
mZxb, Ai¶Yxqv, kuvLPzwbœ, Kjw¼bx, AšÍtmË¡v, mrgv, maev,
G‡qv, `vB, WvBwb BZ¨vw`|
wbZ¨ cyiæl evPK kã : D`vniY- KweivR, XvKx, K…Z`vi,
AK…Z`vi, ivóªcwZ, †hv×v, †mbvcwZ, `jcwZ BZ¨vw`|
we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ cyiæl I ¿xevPK kã :
mfvcwZ-mfv‡bÎx wk¶K-wk¶wqÎx ‡kªvZv-‡kªvÎx
avZv-avÎx gnr-gnZx ¸Yevb-¸YeZx
mr-mZx iƒcevb-iƒceZx kªxgvb-kªxgwZ
eyw×gvb-eyw×gZx Mixqvb-Mwiqmx mgªvU-mgªvÁx
ivRv-ivÁx ivRv-ivYx k¦ïi-k¦vïwo
we‡`kx cyiæl I ¯¿xevPK kã : Lvb-Lvbg, gi`-‡Rbvbv, gv‡jK-
gv‡jKv, gynZvwig-gynZvwigv, myjZvb-myjZvbv|
KZK¸‡jv cyiælevPK k‡ãi y‡Uv K‡i ¿x evPK kã i‡q‡Q:
‡`ei-bb`/Rv, fvB-‡evb/fvwe, wk¶K-wk¶wqÎx/ wk¶KcZœx,
eÜz-evÜex/eÜzcZœx, `v`v-`vw`/†e․w` BZ¨vw`|
BKv cÖZ¨q: ¶z‡`ª A‡_© BKv cÖZ¨q †hvM nq| ‡hgb: bvUK-bvwUKv,
gvjv-gvwjKv, MxwZ-MxwZKv, cy¯ÍK-cyw¯ÍKv, GKv¼-GKvw¼Kv,
G¸‡jv ¿x evPK cÖZ¨q bq; ¶z`ªv_©K cÖZ¨q|
29
KviK
KZ…©© Kvi‡Ki ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz D`vniY
1. Avq‡i cvwL †jR †Svjv| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
2. GK †h wQj ivRv| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
3. ‡KvwKj Wv‡K| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
4. Miæ Mvwo Uv‡b| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
5. Miæ‡Z Nvm Lvq| - KZ©vq 7gx|
6. Miæ‡Z ya †`q| - KZ©vq 7gx|
7. Muv‡q gv‡b bv Avcwb †gvoj| - KZ©vq 7gx|
8. ¸Ynxb wPiw`b _v‡K civaxb| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
9. ‡Nvovq Mvwo Uv‡b| - KZ©vq 7gx|
10. ‡Nvov Nvm Lvq| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
11. QvM‡j Kx bv Lvq| - KZ©vq 7gx|
12. ‡Pv‡i bv ï‡b a‡g©i Kvwnbx| - KZ©vq 7gx|
13. Rj c‡o cvZv b‡o| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
14. Zvnviv dzUej †L‡j| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
15. `‡k wg‡j Kwi KvR| - KZ©vq 7gx|
16. bv g‡i cvlvY evc w`jv †nb e‡i | - KZ©vq k~b¨|
17. cvM‡j wKbv e‡j QvM‡j wKbv Lvq| - KZ©vq 7gx|
18. cvwL me K‡i ie ivwÎ †cvnvBj| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
19. cywjk †Pvi a‡i‡Q| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
20. eyjeywj‡Z avb †L‡q‡Q LvRbv w`e wK‡m| - KZ©vq 7gx|
21. ev‡N gwn‡l GK Nv‡U cvwb Lvq| - KZ©vq 7gx|
22. ‡g‡qwU gvjv Muv‡_| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
23. g~‡L© Kxbv e‡j | - KZ©vq 7gx|
24. iZ‡b iZb wP‡b| - KZ©vq 7gx|
25. ‡jv‡K Kxbv e‡j| - KZ©vq 7gx|
26. me©wk‡l¨ Ávb †`b ¸iægnvk| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
27. ¯^vaxbZvnxbZvq †K euvwP‡Z Pvq †n| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
28. ev‡N gwn‡l jovB evwa‡q‡Q| -KZ©vq 7gx|
29. †jv‡K e‡j gv‡Ni †k‡l e„wó n‡j †`‡ki Kj¨vY nq-
KZ©vq 7gx|
30. eyjeywj‡Z avb ‡L‡q‡Q| -KZ©vq 7gx|
31. ivRvi n Í K‡i mg Í KvOv‡ji ab Pzwi|ÑKZ©vq k~b¨|
32. ivRvq ivRvq jovB DjyLvMovi cÖvYvšÍ|ÑKZ©vq 7gx|
33. kª×vevb j‡f Ávb A‡b¨ Kfy bq| ÑKZ©vq k~b¨|
34. cvwL me K‡i ie| ÑKZ©vq k~b¨| 35. cv‡Q †jv‡K wKQz e‡j| - KZ©vq 2qv| 36. gvbyl fv‡e GK nq Av‡iK| ÑKZ©vq 7gx| 37. ‡Nvovq Nvm Lvq| ÑKZ©vq 7gx| 38. wkïMY †`q gb wbR wbR cv‡V| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
39. gvby‡l fv‡e GK, nq Avi GK| - KZ©vq 7gx|
40. eyjeywj‡Z avb †L‡q‡Q, LvRbv w`e wK‡m?- KZ©vq 7gx|
41. ‡di‡`․mx KZ…©K kvnbvgv iwPZ n‡q‡Q|- KZ©vq 3qv|
42. ‡Zvgv Øviv G KvR n‡e bv mvab| - KZ©vq 3qv|
43. mKj‡K gwi‡Z nB‡e| - KZ©vq 2qv|
44. bvBev Zzwg G‡j| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
45. Zvnvi XvKv hvIqv y®‥i| - KZ©vq 6ôx|
46. ‡Zvgv‡K †h‡Z n‡e | - KZ©vq 2qv|
47. ‡Zvgvi hvIqv DwPZ| - KZ©vq 6ôx|
48. Avgv n‡Z G KvR n‡e bv mvab| - KZ©vq 5gx|
49. Avgvi LvIqv n‡jv bv| - KZ©vq 6ôx|
50. Avgv‡K †h‡Z n‡e| - KZ©vq 2qv|
51. AvR‡K Avgvi hvIqv n‡e bv| - KZ©vq 6ôx|
52. ‡Kv_vI Avgvi nvwi‡q hvevi ‡bB gvbv- KZ©vq 6ôx|
53. mKj‡K GKw`b gi‡Z n‡e| - KZ©vq 3qv|
54. evRbv ev‡R | - KZ©vq k~b¨|
55. evwRj Kvnvi exYv? - KZ©vq k~b¨|
56. euvwk ev‡R| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
57. A_© Ab_© NUvq| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
58. Avcbvi †`k †Kv_vq? - KZ©vq k~b¨|
59. Avlvp gv‡m bvgj Xj| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
60. Nywo I‡o mybxj AvKv‡k| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
61. cvZv b‡o| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
62. Kvb‡b Kzmyg Kwj mKwj dzwUj| - KZ©vq k~b¨|
63. ‡mªv‡Z †b․KvwU DjUvBqv w`j| - KZ©vq 7gx|
Kg© Kvi‡Ki ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz D`vniY
1. ‡Pvi a„Z n‡q‡Q | - K‡g© k~b¨|
2. wRÁvwme R‡b R‡b| - K‡g© 7gx|
3. wS‡K †g‡i †e․Õ†K wkLv‡bv| - K‡g© 2qv|
4. Wv³vi WvK | - K‡g© k~b¨|
5. ‡Zvgvi †`Lv †cjvg bv | - K‡g© 6ôx|
6. ‡Zvgvq †`L‡jI cvc| - K‡g© 7gx|
7. ‡avcv‡K Kvco `vI| - K‡g© 2qv|
8. cywj‡k Lei `vI| - K‡g© 7gx|
9. cywjk WvK | - K‡g© k~b¨|
10. ‡iL gv `v‡m‡i g‡b| - K‡g© 2qv|
11. wS‡K †g‡i ‡e․‡K ‡kLv‡bv| - K‡g© 2qv|
12. cvcx‡K N„Yv K‡iv bv| - K‡g© k~b¨|
13. Avwg wPwb †Mv wPwb †Zvgv‡i| - K‡g© 2qv|
14. Zvnv‡K wK †Zvgvi g‡b c‡o| - K‡g© 7gx|
15. Avgv‡i Zzwg Kwi‡e ÎvY, G b‡n †gvi cÖv_©bv-
K‡g© wØZxqv |
16. †avcv‡K Kvco `vI| - K‡g© 2qv|
17. iex› ªbv_ MxZvÄwj wj‡L‡Qb| - K‡g© k~b¨|
18. eyw× LvwU‡q KvR Ki| - K‡g© k~b¨|
19. wec‡` †hb Kwi‡Z cvwi Rq| - K‡g© 7gx|
20. cvnvo bovq mva¨ Kvi? - K‡g© k~b¨|
21. Lye VKv V‡KwQ| - K‡g© k~b¨|
22. Avgvi KziAvb cov n‡q‡Q| - K‡g© k~b¨|
23. Av‡jv PvB, Abœ PvB, PvB gy³ evqy| - K‡g© k~b¨|
24. C‡`i Puv` D‡V‡Q| - K‡g© k~b¨|
25. evwjKv gvjv Muv‡_| - K‡g© k~b¨|
26. wec‡` †hb Kwi‡Z cvwi Rq| - K‡g© 7gx|
30
27. Avgvi fvZ LvIqv nBj bv| - K‡g© k~b¨|
28. ‡m ZzwK© bvPb bvwPj | - K‡g© k~b¨|
29. ‡m Lye VKvb VKvBqv‡Q| - K‡g© k~b¨|
30. Avgvi fvZ LvIqv nBj bv| - K‡g© k~b¨|
31. K‡cvj fvwmqv †Mj yB bq‡bi R‡j - K‡g© k~b¨|
32. ‡PvivevRvix `gb Kwi‡e ‡K? - K‡g© k~b¨|
KiY Kvi‡Ki ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz D`vniY
1. Av¸‡b †muK `vI | - Ki‡Y 7gx|
2. G Kj‡g fvj †jLv nq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
3. G myZvq Kvco nq bv | - Ki‡Y 7gx|
4. Kvwji `vM `vI | - Ki‡Y 6ôx|
5. ‡Q‡jiv ej †L‡j| - Ki‡Y k~b¨ |
6. R‡ji wjLb _v‡K bv| - Ki‡Y 6ôx|
7. Zvm †L‡j KZ †Q‡j cov bó K‡i| - Ki‡Y k~b¨|
8. bZzb av‡b¨ n‡e bevbœ | - Ki‡Y 7gx|
9. b‡Li AvuPo w`I bv| - Ki‡Y 6ôx|
10. cvBj‡U †jLv nq fvj | - Ki‡Y 7gx|
11. dz‡j dz‡j mvwR‡q‡Q Ni| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
12. jvO‡j Rwg Pvl Kiv nq | - Ki‡Y 7gx|
13. kvK w`‡q gvQ †X‡Kv bv| - Ki‡Y 3qv|
14. ‡Q‡jiv Zvm ‡L‡j cov bó Ki‡Q| - Ki‡Y k~b¨|
15. Kvwji `vM mn‡R D‡V bv | - Ki‡Y 6ôx|
16. wkKvix weovj †Muv‡d †Pbv hvq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
17. BU-cv_‡ii evwo eo k³ | - Ki‡Y 6ôx|
18. nv‡Z bv gvwiqv fv‡Z gvwie| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
19. ÒD`¨g wen‡b Kvi cy‡iv g‡bvi_? - Ki‡Y ïY¨|
20. wZwik eQi wfRv‡q ‡i‡LwQ yB bq‡bi R‡j| -
Ki‡Y 7gx|
21. Avgvwi †mvbvi av‡b wMqv‡Q fwi| - Ki‡Y 7gx |
22. gb w`qv Ki m‡e we`¨v DcvR©b| - Ki‡Y 3qv |
23. ki‡Z aivZj wkwk‡i Sjgj| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
24. ‡Zvgvi gwngv †hb R¡jšÍ A¶‡i †jLv|-
Ki‡Y 7gx|
25. A‡_© Ab_© N‡U| - Ki‡Y 7gx |
26. Aí †kv‡K KvZi AwaK †kv‡K cv_i|- Ki‡Y 7gx|
27. G mšÍvb n‡Z ytL ~i n‡e bv| - Ki‡Y 5gx|
28. K_vq K_v ev‡R| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
29. Kuv_vq kxZ gv‡b bv | - Ki‡Y 7gx|
30. UvKvq ev‡Ni ya †g‡j| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
31. UvKvq wKbv nq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
32. d‡j e„‡¶i cwiPq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
33. eb¨vq †`k cvweZ n‡jv| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
34. eo nI wb‡Ri †Póvq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
35. fv‡Z †cU f‡i| - Ki‡Y 7gx| 36. ‡jvKwU Kvbœvq fvw½qv cwoj| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
37. ki‡Z aivZj wkwk‡i Sjgj | - Ki‡Y 7gx|
38. wkKvwi weovj ‡Muv‡d †Pbv hvq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
39. ‡m cxovq n‡q‡Q ye©j| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
40. ‡R¨vrmœv‡Z Av‡jvwKZ ivZ| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
41. e¨env‡i es‡ki cwiPq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
42. eo nI ¯xq †Póvq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
43. e¨vqv‡g kixi fvj _v‡K| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
44. nv‡Zi •Zwi wRwbl Avgvi wcÖq| - Ki‡Y 6ôx|
45. wec‡` †m DZjv nBqv‡Q| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
46. e¨env‡iB BZi-f ª †Pbv hvq| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
47. kªg webv abjvf nq bv| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
48. RUv‡Z Zvcm wPwb| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
49. a‡g©i Kj evZv‡m b‡o| - Ki‡Y 7gx|
50. wPi‡ivMx wK Avkvq euv‡P? - Ki‡Y 7gx|
m¤cÖ`vb Kvi‡Ki ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz D`vniY
1. mwgwZ‡Z Puv`v `vI| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
2. mrcv‡Î Kb¨v `vb Ki| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
3. wfLvix‡K wf¶v `vI| m¤cÖ`v‡b PZz_©x|
4. me©f~‡Z ab `vI| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
5. wf¶zK‡K wf¶v `vI| m¤cÖ`v‡b 4_©x|
6. `wi`ª‡K ab `vI| m¤cÖ`v‡b 4_©x|
7. ‡Zvgvq †Kb †`Bwb Avgvi mKj k~b¨ K‡i- m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
8. ‡Zvgv‡K muwcby †gvi hvnv wKQz wcÖ‡q- m¤cÖ`v‡b 4_©x|
9. M„nnx‡b M„n w`‡j Avwg _vwK N‡i- m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
10. M„nnx‡b M„n `vI| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
11. AÜR‡b †`n Av‡jv| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
12. ¶yavZ©‡K Abœ `vI| m¤cÖ`v‡b 4_©x|
13. g„ZR‡b †`n cÖvY| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
14. Avgvq GKUz Avkªq w`b | m¤cÖ v‡b 7gx|
15. ¸iæR‡b Ki bwZ| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
16. ZvB w`B †`eZv‡i| m¤cÖ`v‡b 4_©x|
17. `x‡b `qv Ki | m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
18. w`e †Zvgv kª×vfw³| m¤cÖ`v‡b k~b¨|
19. me©R‡b `qv Ki| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
20. mKj Kg©dj fMev‡b Ac©Y Ki| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
21. ‡`eZvi ab †K hvq wdiv‡q j‡q| m¤cÖ`v‡b 6ôx|
22. wcÖqR‡b hvnv w`‡Z cvB, ZvB w`B †`eZv‡i| m¤cÖ`v‡b
7gx|
23. mKj Kg©dj fMev‡b Ac©Y Ki| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
24. me©wk‡l¨ Ávb †`b ¸iægnvkq| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
25. my‡Li jvwMqv G Ni euvwaby | wbwgËv‡_© 6ôx|
26. ‡ejv †h c‡o Gj Rj‡K Pj| wbwgËv‡_© 4_©x|
27. ‡`‡ki Rb¨ cÖvY `vI | wbwgËv‡_© 4_©x|
28. Rj‡K Pj| wbwgËv‡_© 4_©x|
29. Zviv Zx‡_© hvÎv Kij| m¤cÖ`v‡b 7gx|
30. my‡Li jvwMqv Ni euvwaby | m¤cÖ`v‡b 6ôx|
31
Acv`vb Kvi‡Ki ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz D`vniY
1. dz‡ji M‡Ü Nyg Av‡m bv| - Acv`v‡b lôx| 2. †gN †_‡K e„wó nq| - Acv`v‡b 5gx|
3. mv`v †g‡N e„wó nq bv| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
4. me wSby‡K gy³v cvIqv hvq bv| - Acv`v‡b 2qv|
5. my‡Li †P‡q kvwšÍ fvj | - Acv`v‡b 6ôx|
6. ‡jvK gy‡L G K_v †kvbv hvq| - Ac`v‡b 7gx|
7. ‡jv‡f cvc cv‡c gyZz¨| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
8. ‡g‡N e„wó nq| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
9. `y‡a Qvbv nq | - Ac`v‡b 7gx|
10. wZ‡j •Zj nq| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
11. Áv‡b wegj Avb›` jvf nq| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
12. R‡j ev®ú nq| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
13. ‡PvL w`qv cvwb c‡o| - Acv`v‡b 3qv|
14. Mv‡Q Z³v nq| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
15. KZ av‡b KZ Pvj Zv Avwg Rvwb| - Acv`v‡b 7gx
16. G Rwg‡Z †mvbv d‡j| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
17. G †g‡N e„wó nq bv| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
18. me wSby‡K gy³v †g‡j bv| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
19. ‡PvL w`‡q Rj c‡o| - Acv`v‡b 3qv|
20. me wSby‡K gy&³ wg‡j bv | - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
21. KZ av‡b KZ Pvj, †m Avwg Rvwb| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
22. covq weiZ n‡qv bv| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
23. †UªbwU XvKv Qvoj| - Acv`v‡b k~b¨|
24. ¯‥zj cvjvBI bv| - Acv`v‡b k~b¨|
25. ‡ivR †ivR K‡jR cvjvI †Kb? - Acv`v‡b k~b¨|
26. cix¶v Avwmj ZvB †Pv‡L Rj c‡o - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
27. ‡Uªb XvKv Qvoj| - Acv`v‡b k~b¨|
28. Mvwo XvKv Qvoj| - Acv`v‡b k~b¨|
29. Mvwo †÷kb Qvoj| - Acv`v‡b k~b¨|
30. Kwijvg gb kªxe„›`veb ev‡iK Avwme wd‡i|- Acv`v‡b k~b¨|
31. gvZ…‡mœn ¯M© n‡Z Av‡m| - Acv`v‡b k~b¨|
32. wngvjq n‡Z M½v cÖevwnZ| - Acv`v‡b 5gx|
33. Avwg wK WivB mLx wfLvix ivN‡e? - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
34. KzK‡g© weiZ nI | - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
35. ‡Pv‡ii f‡q Nyg Av‡m bv| - Acv`v‡b 6ôx|
36. ‡Zvgv‡K Avgvi fq nq| - Acv`v‡b 2qv|
37. Z‡K © weiZ nI | - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
38. ag© n‡Z wePwjZ n‡qv bv | - Acv`v‡b 5gx|
39. civR‡q W‡i bv exi| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
40. cv‡c weiZ nI| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
41. wec‡` †gv‡i i¶v Ki| - Acv`v‡b 7gx|
42. evev‡K eÇ fq cvB| - Acv`v‡b 2qv|
43. f~Z‡K Avevi Kx‡mi fq? - Acv`v‡b 2qv|
44. ‡hLv‡b ev‡Ni fq †mLv‡b mܨv nq|- Acv`v‡b 6ôx|
AwaKiY KviK
1. ü`q Avgvi bv‡P‡i AvwR‡K | AwaKi‡Y 2qv|
2. mvivivZ e„wó wQj| AwaKi‡Y k~b¨|
3. e¨vcviUv ¯‡cœ N‡U‡Q | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
4. el©vKv‡j mv‡ci fq Av‡Q | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
5. em‡šÍ †KvwKj Wv‡K | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
6. em‡šÍ dzj dz‡V| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
7. cÖfv‡Z m~h© I‡V| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
8. wZwik eQi wfRv‡q †i‡LwQ yB bq‡bi R‡j|
AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
9. wZwb ïµev‡i Avm‡eb| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
10. GKw`b hve| AwaKi‡Y k~b¨|
11. G eQi Lye fvj dmj n‡q‡Q| AwaKi‡Y k~b¨|
12. wK Kwi AvR †f‡e cvB bv | AwaKi‡Y k~b¨|
13. mKv‡j DwVqv Avwg g‡b g‡b ewj| AwaKi‡Y 6ôx|
14. cÖvZtKv‡j ågY Kwi‡e| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
15. AvR n‡ebv, Kvj G‡mv| AwaKi‡Y ïb¨|
16. mg‡q meB nq| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
17. mvivivZ RvwMqv KvUvBqvwQ| AwaKi‡Y k~b¨|
18. wZb ivZ Zvi Nyg nqwb| AwaKi‡Y k~b¨|
19. AvKv‡k Puv` D‡V‡Q | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
20. Kcv‡ji †jLb bv hvq LÊb| AwaKi‡Y 6ôx|
21. Kvb‡b Kzmyg Kwj mKwj dzwUj| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
22. Mv‡Q KuvVvj †Muv‡d †Zj| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
23. MZ iv‡Z cv‡ki evwo‡Z Pzwi n‡q‡Q| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
24. MM‡b Mi‡R †gN Nb eilv| AwaKi‡Y 7gx| 25. N‡i cvwb c‡o | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
26. Ni‡K hvI | AwaKi‡Y 2qv|
27. Qvqvq em| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
28. R‡j Kzwgi _v‡K| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
29. wZwb XvKv _v‡Kb| AwaKi‡Y k~b¨|
30. _vbvq GRvnvi `vI | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
31. bq‡b bqb ivwL| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
32. b`x‡Z gvQ Av‡Q| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
33. cvZvq cvZvq c‡o wbkxi wkwki| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
34. c„w_ex‡Z mvZwU gnvmgy`ª Av‡Q| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
35. dz‡U‡Q evMv‡b AvR ARmª †Mvjvc| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
36. e‡b evN _v‡K| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
37. evev AvR evwo bvB| AwaKi‡Y k~b¨|
38. e‡b¨iv e‡b my›`i wkïiv gvZ…‡µv‡o |AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
39. me©v‡½ e¨_v Jla w`e †Kv_v | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
40. e„wó c‡o Uvcyi Uzcyi b‡` G‡jv evb- AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
41. Kcv‡ji wjLb bv hvq LÊb| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
42. evsjv‡`k Avgvi Rb¥f~wg | AwaKi‡Y ïb¨|
43. mKj e„‡¶ mygayi dj d‡j bv| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
44. cvZvq cZvq c‡o wbkxi wkwki| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
45. mgy‡`ª jeY Av‡Q| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
46. m‡ive‡i cÙ R‡b¥| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
47. wkïMY †`q gb wbR wbR cv‡V| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
32
48. cv‡V g‡bv‡hvM `vI | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
49. cov‡Z Zvi gb e‡m bv| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
50. Z¨v‡M wZwb wbin¼vi| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
51. Zvnvi a‡g© gwZ Av‡Q | AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
52. ‡m․›`‡h© Kvi bv iæwP Av‡Q| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
53. AwZeo e„× cwZ wmwׇZ wbcyY| AwaKi‡Y 7gx|
54. Kvbœvq †kvK g›`xf~Z nq| - fv‡e 7gx|
55. Av‡jvq Avuavi Kv‡U | - fv‡e 7gx|
33
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnvm
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i hyMwefvM t
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnv‡mi `xN© mgqKvj‡K wZbwU hy‡M fvM Kiv
nq| h_v:
K. cÖvPxb hyM 650 wLª:- 1200 wLª: (W. gyn¤§` knx yjøvni g‡Z)
950 wLªóvã †_‡K 1200 wLª: (W. mybxwZ Kzgv‡ii g‡Z),
L. ga¨hyM 1201 wLª:- 1800 wLª:,
M. AvaywbK hyM 1801 wLª:- AvaywbK Kvj ch©šÍ|
GQvov evsjv fvlvq cwЇZiv AviI ywU hyM wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb-
(i) AÜKvi hyM (1201-1350) 150 eQi|
(ii) hyM mwܶY (1760-1860) 100 eQi|
cÖvPxb hyM
01. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖvPxbZg I cÖvPxb hy‡Mi GKgvÎ wb`k©b
Ph©vc`|
02. Ph©vc‡`i Avw` bvg Ph©vPh©wewbðq ev Ph©vMxwZ‡Kvl|
03. Ph©vc` n‡jv †e․× mnwRqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi ag©xq Mv‡bi msKjb|
ms‡¶‡c Ph©vc` msµv‰Í Z_¨
01. Ph©vc‡`i †gvU c` wQj- 51 wU|
02. nicÖmv` kv ¿x KZ©„K Avwe®K…Z c` msL¨v- 461/2 wU|
03. Ph©vc‡`i †gvU c`KZ©v ev Kwe- PweŸkRb (24 Rb)|
04. Ph©vc‡` me‡P‡q †ekx c` iPbv K‡ib †K- Kvýcv (13wU)|
05. Ph©vc‡`i Avw` Kwe - jyB cv|
06. Ph©vc‡`i cÖ_g c`wUi iPwqZv- jyBcv|
07. Ph©vc‡`i evOvwj iPwqZv- kei cv|
Avwe®‥vi I cÖKvk
01| Ph©vc` Avwe®‥vi K‡ib - nicÖmv` kv ¿x †bcv‡ji
ivR`iev‡ii cyuw_kvjv †_‡K| (1907 mv‡j)
02| 1916 mv‡j KjKvZv e½xq mvwnZ¨ cwil` †_‡K nicÖmv`
kv ¿xi m¤úv`bvq ÒnvRvi eQ‡ii cyivb evsjvfvlvq †e․×
Mvb I †`vnvÓ bv‡g Ph©vc` cÖKvwkZ nq|
ga¨hyM
1. evsjv wjwci Drm- eªvþxwjwc|
2. ga¨ hy‡Mi cÖ_g Kwe- eo PÐx`vm|
3. ga¨hy‡Mi cÖ_g gymjgvb Kwe- kvn& gyn¤§` mMxi (BDmyd
Ry‡jLv)|
4. Abyev` mvwn‡Z¨i hvÎv ïiæ nq- Kwe K…wËevm-Gi gva¨‡g|
5. ivgvqY Abyev` K‡ib- Kwe K…wËevm|
6. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Avw` ga¨hy‡Mi wb`k©b- kªxK…òKxZ©b|
7. kªxK…òKxZ©‡bi iPwqZv- eoy PÐx`vm|
8. eo PÐx`v‡mi Avmj bvg- AbšÍ|
9. kªxK…òKxZ©b cÖKvwkZ nq- 1916 wLª. (1323 e½vã)|
10. 1316 e½v‡ã euvKzov †Rjvi KuvwKj¨v MÖvg †_‡K
ÔkªxK…òKxZ©‡bi cuyw_ Avwe®K…Z nq|
11. kªx K…òKxZ©‡bi Avwe®‥viK- emšÍiÄb ivq weØØjøf|
12. cuyw_ mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g mv_©K Kwe- dwKi Mixeyjøvn|
13. we`¨vcwZ †h fvlvq c`vewj iPbv K‡ib- •gw_wj fvlvq|
14. evsjv fvlvq cÖ_g ivgvqY iPwqZv- K…wËevm ISv|
15. gnvfvi‡Zi cÖ_g Abyev` K‡ib- Kex› ª ci‡gk¦i
16. eªReywj X‡O †jLv iex› ªbv‡_i Kve¨- fvbywmsn VvKz‡ii
c`vejx|
17. ivgvq‡Yi g~j iPwqZv- evj¥xwK|
18. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i hyMmwÜi Kvj- 1760 wLª.- 1860 wLª.|
19. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ hyMmwÜi Kwe- Ck¦iP›`ª ¸ß|
20. ga¨hy‡Mi evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i †kªô Kwe- fviP›`ª ivq¸YvKi
21. ga¨hy‡Mi evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g gymwjg Kwe- kvn& gyn¤§`
mMxi|
22. ÒBDmyd Ry‡jLvÓ Kv‡e¨i iPwqZv- kvn& gynv¤§` mMxi|
Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K‡`i e¨w³MZ Z_¨
kirP‱ ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
Rb¥ - 15†m‡Þ¤^i 1876 wLª÷v‡ã
Rb¥¯vb - cwðge‡½i nyMwj †Rjvi †`evb›`cyi MÖv‡g|
g„Zy¨ - 16 Rvbyqvwi 1938 mv‡j KwjKvZvq, cvK© bvwm©s
†nv‡g|
ew¼gP‱ ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
Rb¥ - 26 Ryb, 1838wLª:
Rb¥¯vb - KuvVvjcvov MÖvg, PweŸk ciMYv †Rjv, cwðge½|
g„Zy¨ - 8 GwcÖj, 1894wLª:
iex‱ ªbv_ VvKzi
Rb¥ - Bs‡iwR 1861 mv‡ji,7 †g|
evsjv 1268 mv‡ji, 25 ‣ekvL|
Rb¥¯vb - KjKvZvi weL¨vZ VvKzi cwiev‡i|
g„Zy¨ - Bs‡iwR 1941 mv‡ji, 7 AvM÷|
evsjv-1348 mv‡ji, 22 kªveY|
wcZvi bvg - gnwl© †`‡e›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
wcZvgn - wcÖÝ ØviKvbv_ VvKzi|
bvBU Dcvwa jvf - 1915 mvj|
bvBU Dcvwa Z¨vM - 1919 mvj| Bs‡iR KZ…©K cvÄv‡ei
Ag„Zm‡i RvwjqvbIqvjvevM nZ¨vKv‡Ði cÖwZev‡`|
Gkxq‡`i g‡a¨ me©cÖ_g ‡bv‡ej cyi®‥vi jvf : 1913 mvj|
wZwb †bv‡ej cyi®‥vi cvb MxZvÄwj Kv‡e¨i Bs‡iwR Abyev‡`i
Rb¨|
34
KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
Rb¥ - 25 †g, 1899 wLª:, 11 ‣R¨ô, 1306| Rb¥¯vb - cwðge‡½i ea©gvb †Rjvi Avmvb‡mvj
gnKzgvi Pziæwjqv MÖv‡g| g„Zy¨ - 29 AvM÷, 1976, 12 fv ª 1383
hy‡× †hvM`vb Ñ 1917 mv‡j|
‡h hy‡× wZwb †hvM`vb K‡ib Ñ cÖ_g wek¦hy×|
‡h cë‡b wZwb hy× K‡ib Ñ 49 bs evOvwj cë‡b
Kwe ~iv‡ivM¨ e¨vwa‡Z Avµv‰Í nb Ñ 43 eQi eq‡m|
Rwni ivqnvb
Rb¥ - 1933 mv‡j| Rb¥¯vb - ‡dbx †Rjvi gRycyi MÖv‡g| g„Zy¨ - 1972 mv‡ji 30 Rvbyqvwi|
ûgvq~b Avn‡g`
Rb¥ - 1948 mv‡ji 13 b‡f¤i Rb¥¯vb - gqgbwmsn †Rjvi KzZzecyi MÖv‡g| g„Zy¨ - 19 RyjvB 2012
†iv‡Kqv mvLvIqvZ †nv‡mb
Rb¥ - 9 wW‡m¤^i 1880| Rb¥¯vb - wgVvcyKzi _vbvi cvqive›` MÖv‡g, iscyi| g„Zy¨ - 9 wW‡m¤^i 1932|
cÖg_ †P․ayix
Rb¥ - 7 AvM÷, 1868| Rb¥¯vb - h‡kvi †Rjv| ‣cwÎK wbevm - cvebv †Rjvi nwicyi| g„Zy¨ - 2 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1946|
gvwbK e‡‱`¨vcva¨vq
Rb¥ - 1908 wLª÷v‡ãi 19 †g| Rb¥¯vb - wenv‡ii muvIZvj ciMYv †Rjvi ygKv kn‡i g„Zy¨ - 1956 wLª÷v‡ãi 3 wW‡m¤i|
wcZ…cÖ Ë bvg - cÖ‡evaKzgvi e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
gybxi †P․ayix
Rb¥ - 25 b‡f¤i, 1925 wLª÷vã| Rb¥¯vb - gvwbKMÄ| ‣cwÎK wbevm - ‡bvqvLvwj| g„Zy¨ - 14 wW‡m¤i, 1971 wLª÷vã|
gxi gkviid †nv‡mb
Rb¥ - 1847 wLª÷vã| Rb¥¯vb - Kzwóqv †Rjvq jvwnbx cvov| g„Zy¨ - 1911 wLª÷vã|
gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
Rb¥ - 25 Rvbyqvwi, 1824 wLª÷v‡ã| Rb¥¯vb - h‡kv‡ii mvMi uvwo MÖv‡g| g„Zy¨ - 29 Ryb, 1873 wLª÷v‡ã, KjKvZvq|
myKv‰Í fÆvPvh©
Rb¥ - 1926 wLª÷v‡ã KjKvZvq Rb¥¯vb - †MvcvjMÄ †Rjvq g„Zy¨ - 1947 wLª÷v‡ã gvÎ 21 eQi eq‡m
Rmxg D`& xb
Rb¥ - 1 Rvbyqvwi 1903 wLªt| Rb¥¯vb - gvZzjvjq, Zv¤^yjLvbv MÖvg, dwi`cyi| g„Zy¨ - 13 gvP©, 1976 wLªt|
diiæL Avng`
Rb¥ - 1918 wLªt| Rb¥¯vb - gv¸iv †Rjvi gvS AvBj MÖvg| g„Zy¨ - 1974 wLªt|
mywdqv Kvgvj
Rb¥ - 1911 mv‡j Rb¥¯vb - ewikvj †Rjvi kv‡q Ívev‡`
g„Zy¨ - 1999 mv‡ji 20 b‡f¤i
kvgmyi ivngvb
Rb¥ - 24 A‡±vei, 1929 wLª÷vã| Rb¥¯vb - XvKvi gvûZUzwj|
g„Zy¨ - 17 AvM÷, 2006 wLª÷vã
Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K‡`i mvwnZ¨Kg©
mn‡R g‡b ivLvi Dcvq
kirP‱`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
Dcb¨vm
evgy‡bi †g‡q cwiYxZv kªxKv‡šÍi eiw`w`, Zvi we‡q nq wecÖ`v‡mi
mv‡_| K_v wQj wecÖ`vm Zv‡K weivR †e․ K‡i ivL‡e| wKš‧ Zvi
PwiÎnxb ¯vgx Zv‡K wb®K…wZ w`jbv †`bvcvIbvi Rb¨ ZvjvK
w`j| ZvB kªxKvšÍ I cwiYxZvi wcZv P›`ªbv_ cwÛZgkvB cjøx
mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q c‡_i `vwe Zz‡j be weav‡bi Rb¨ †kl cÖkœ Kij|
cjøx mgv‡Ri cÖavb ïf`v •eKz‡Úi DB‡ji gva¨‡g †NvlYv w`j †h,
wecÖ`vm Zvi evM`Ëv‡K †k‡li cwiPq bv w`‡j Zv‡K †`e`v‡mi
b¨vq mgvR †_‡K †ei K‡i w`‡q Zvi M„n`vn Kiv n‡e|
# evgy‡bi †g‡q, cwiYxZv, kªxKv‰Í, eiw`w`, wecÖ`vm, weivR
†e․, PwiÎnxb, ¯vgx, wb®K…wZ, †`bvcvIbv, P‱ ªbv_, cwÛZgkvB,
cjøx mgvR, c‡_i `vwe, be weavb, †kl cÖk′, ïf`v, •eKz‡Úi
DBj, `Ëv, †k‡li cwiPq, †`e`vm, M„n`vn|
35
ew¼gP‱`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
Dcb¨vm
hyMjv½yixq MÖv‡g emevmiZ wZb fvB P›`ª‡kLi, ivRwmsn I
Kcvj-KzÛjvi mv‡_ m¤úK© wQj GKB MÖv‡g emevmiZ wZb †evb
iRbx, g„Yvwjbx, I y‡M©kbw›`bxi| wKš‧ welqwU Rwg`vi cwZœ †`ex
†P․ayivYxi wbKU wele„¶ g‡b nZ| ZvB †m Bw›`iv MvÜxi Kv‡Q
bvwjk Kij| wKš‧ eyw×gwZ Bw›`iv Zvi PµvšÍ eyS‡Z cvi‡jb
Ges fve‡jb hw` ivavivYx †cÖg Ki‡Z cv‡i, hw` mxZvivg Ki‡Z
cv‡i Z‡e Zviv Ki‡j †`vl Kx? ZvB wZwb Zv‡`i mgvavb Ki‡Z
Awf‡hvMKvix I Awfhy³‡`i mv‡_ wb‡q Avb›`g‡V †M‡jb|
†mLv‡b K…òKv‡šÍi DB‡ji gva¨‡g wZwb Awfhy³‡`i we‡q w`‡q
w`‡jb|
# hyMjv½yixq, P‱ ª‡kLi, ivRwmsn, Kcvj-KzÛjv, iRbx,
g„Yvwjbx, `y‡M©kbw‱`bx, †`ex †P․ayivYx, wele„¶, Bw‱`iv, ivavivYx,
mxZvivg, Avb‱`gV, K…òKv‡‰Íi DBj |
cÖeÜ
KgjvKv‡šÍi `߇i e½‡`‡ki K…lK mgv‡Ri mvg¨ cÖwZôv wb‡q
we`¨gvb inm¨ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv nq| †mLv‡b †jvK inm¨ I weÁvb
inm¨ welqK wewea cÖe‡Üi Dc‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| †mLv‡b
Zviv K…òPwiÎ I gywPivg ¸‡oi Rxeb PwiÎ Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨
ag©Z‡Ë¡i Abykxjb K‡i|
# KgjvKv‡‰Íi `ßi, e½‡`‡ki K…lK, mvg¨, †jvK inm¨,
weÁvb inm¨, wewea cÖeÜ, K…òPwiÎ, gywPivg ¸‡oi Rxeb PwiÎ,
ag©Z‡Ë¡i Abykxjb|
Awgq PµeZx©
Kve¨MÖ‰
Awgq Zvi nviv‡bv AwK©W wUi †kv‡K AwfÁvb emšÍ bvgK bvU‡Ki
Lmov iPbv Ki‡jb| Ae‡k‡l K¬všÍ g‡bi cvjve`‡ji Rb¨ wZwb
Zvi evwo AgiveZx‡Z wd‡i †h‡Z PvB‡jb| N‡i †divi w`b Zv‡K
b`x cvivcvi n‡Z nj| evwo wd‡i †`L‡jb Zvi evwoi gvwUi
†`qvj †f‡O c‡o‡Q| †m GKgy‡Vv gvwU nv‡Z wb‡q ej‡jb Avgvi
AvZ¥wek¦vm Awbt‡kl KviY Avgvi Av‡Q cyw®úZ B‡gR|
# nviv‡bv AwK©W, AwfÁvb em‰Í, Lmov, cvjve`j. AgiveZx,
N‡i †divi w`b, cvivcvi, gvwUi †`qvj, GKgy‡Vv, Awbt‡kl,
cyw®úZ B‡gR|
M`¨ iPbv
I‡Mv mv¤cÖwZK mg‡qi cyievmx igYxiv Pj hvB c_ AšÍnx‡b|
# mv¤cÖwZK, cyievmx, Pj hvB, c_ A‰Ínx‡b|
myKv‰Í fÆvPvh©
Kve¨
GB AvKv‡j Kwei †Pv‡L Nyg †bB| KviY GB wg‡VKiv niZvj-Gi
w`‡bI cywjk †Kvb c~e©vfvm QvovB AvR Awfhvb Pvwj‡q Zvi
QvocÎ I MxwZ¸Q wb‡q †M‡Q|
# AvKvj, wg‡VKiv, niZvj, c~e©vfvm, Awfhvb, QvocÎ,
MxwZ¸Q|
‣mq` Avjx Avnmvb
Kve¨
em‡šÍi GK mܨvq (GKK mܨvq emšÍ) Pvnvi `i‡ek mnmv
mPwKZ n‡q ejj Avwg iRbxMÜv dzj Avbvi Rb¨ A‡bK AvKvk
†cwi‡q mgy‡`ªB hv‡ev| KviY Avwg Avgvi cÖwZw`‡bi k‡ã GB
AvKvLvi DPviY ïb‡Z cvB|
# GKK mܨvq em‰Í, Pvnvi `i‡ek, mnmv mPwKZ, iRbxMÜv,
A‡bK AvKvk, mgy‡`ªB hv‡ev, Avgvi cÖwZw`‡bi kã, DPviY |
‡eMg mywdqv Kvgvj
Kve¨
mywdqv Kvgvj Zvi gb I Rxeb w`‡q Abyfe K‡ib †gvi Rv y‡`i
mgvwa c‡i AvRI g„wËKvi NÖvY cvB| wKš‧ wZwb Rv‡bb Zviv GB
D`vË c„w_exi gvqv KvRj Z¨vM K‡i mv‡Si gvqvq Ab¨ RM‡Zi
AwfhvwÎK †`i `‡j †hvM w`‡q‡Q|
# gb I Rxeb, †gvi Rv y‡`i mgvwa c‡i, g„wËKvi NÖvY, D`vË
c„w_ex, gvqv KvRj, mv‡Si gvqv, AwfhvwÎK |
Rwni ivqnvb
Dcb¨vm
nvRvi eQi a‡i eid Mjv b`xi Zx‡i †kl weKv‡ji †g‡q Av‡iK
dvêyb-Gi Z…òvq A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| Zvi GKUvB wRÁvmv Avi
KZw`b K‡qKwU g„Zz¨i msev` ïb‡Z n‡e|
# nvRvi eQi a‡i, eid Mjv b`x, †kl weKv‡ji †g‡q, Av‡iK
dvêyb, Z…òv, Avi KZw`b, K‡qKwU g„Zz¨|
PjwPÎ
‡eûjv I Av‡bvqviv †mvbvi KvRj cvevi evnvbvq Kuv‡Pi †`qvj
†f‡½ m½g Kij| Zvnviv Rxeb †_‡K †bqv wm‡bgv †`L‡Z †h‡q
jvBU (†jU †`qvi we jvBU)-Gi Afv‡e wm‡bgv †`Lv ÷c K‡i
w`j (÷c †R‡bvmvBW)|
# ‡eûjv, Av‡bvqviv, †mvbvi KvRj, evnvbv, Kuv‡Pi †`qvj,
m½g, Rxeb †_‡K †bqv, †jU †`qvi we jvBU, ÷c †R‡bvmvBW|
36
kvgmyi ivngvb
Kve¨
ew›` wkwei †_‡K wd‡i kvgmyi ivngvb k~b¨Zvq Zzwg †kvKmfv
bvgK mfvq ej‡jb, AvR Avwg weׯ bxwjgv †_‡K †i․`ª
K‡ivwU‡Z mœvb Ki‡Z G‡mwQ| Avcbviv AvR †h Avgv‡K †`L‡Qb
eyK Zvi evsjv‡`‡ki ü`q GUv Avgvi GK ai‡bi AnsKvi| wKš‧
AvR D™¢U D‡Ui wc‡V Pj‡Q ¯‡`k| †h e½ my›`ix-‡K Avwg
wP‡bwQ Zvi Aweij Rjvf~wg‡Z †m․›`h© †Ljv KiZ| wKš‧ AvR
GK †dvUv †Kgb Abj GLv‡b, AvR †Mvi¯v‡b †KvwK‡ji KiY
Avnevb †kvbv hvq, fvOv‡Pviv Puv` gyL Kv‡jv K‡i ayK‡Q| ¯‡cœ I
`yt¯‡cœ †eu‡P AvwQ, G †hb bv ev¯e bv yt¯^cœ| Z‡e Avgvi
ü`‡qi aŸwb ej‡Q cÖ_g Mvb wØZxq g„Zz¨i Av‡M n‡jI Avwg
f¯§ ‧‡c †Mvjv‡ci nvwm †dvUve|
# ew‱` wkwei, k~b¨Zvq Zzwg †kvKmfv, weׯ bxwjgv, †i․ ª
K‡ivwU, eyK Zvi evsjv‡`‡ki ü`q, GK ai‡bi AnsKvi, D ¢U
D‡Ui wc‡V Pj‡Q ¯‡`k, †h e½ my‱`ix, Aweij Rjvf~wg‡Z, GK
†dvUv †Kgb Abj, †Mvi v‡b †KvwK‡ji KiY Avnevb,
fvOv‡Pviv Puv` gyL Kv‡jv K‡i ayK‡Q, ¯‡c′ I `yt¯^‡c′ †eu‡P Av‡Q,
bv ev¯e bv yt¯c′ ü`‡qi aŸwb, cÖ_g Mvb wØZxq g„Zz¨i Av‡M,
f¯§ ‧‡c †Mvjv‡ci nvwm|
‣mq` Iqvjx Djøvn
Dcb¨vm
‣mq` mv‡ne PiRvMv b`xi D‡Ï‡k¨ ejj Kuv‡`v b`x Kuv‡`v KviY
Avi †KD Puv‡`i Agvek¨vq jvj mvjy c‡o †Zvgvq †`L‡Z Avm‡e
bv|
# Kuv‡`v b`x Kuv‡`v, Puv‡`i Agvek¨vq, jvj mvjy |
bvUK
ewýcxi hvÎv c‡_i Zi½ f½ K‡i myi½ c_ aij|
# ewýcxi, Zi½ f½, myi½|
‡QvU Mí
bqbPviv MÖv‡gi RvnvRx dwKi wbõj Rxeb I wbõj hvÎvi Kv‡Q
civRq eiY K‡i g„Zz¨hvÎv Kij| Zvi Rxeb †hb cÙvi yB Zx‡i
†e‡o IVv GKwU Zzjmx Mv‡Qi Kvwnbx †hLv‡b Lybx †Kqviv Zv‡K
ZvwQj¨ K‡i nv‡m|
# bqbPviv, RvnvRx, wbõj Rxeb I wbõj hvÎv, civRq,
g„Zz¨hvÎv, yB Zxi, GKwU Zzjmx Mv‡Qi Kvwnbx, Lybx †Kqviv|
Rmxg D`& xb
bvUK
cÙv cv‡oi GK MÖv‡gi †g‡q gaygvjv I Zvi m½x cjøx eay Avmgvb
wms‡ni f‡q cy®ú †aby‡K (I‡Mv cy®ú †aby) †e‡`i †g‡qi Kv‡Q
w`‡q w`j|
# cÙv cvo, MÖv‡gi †g‡q, gaygvjv, cjøx eay, Avmgvb wmsn,
I‡Mv cy®ú †aby, †e‡`i †g‡q|
ågY mvwnZ¨
Rvg©vwbi kn‡i e›`‡i P‡j gymvwdi mevB e‡j Zvi evm nj‡`
cixi †`‡k †h †`‡k gvbyl eo|
# Rvg©vwbi kn‡i e‱`‡i, P‡j gymvwdi, nj‡` cixi †`‡k, †h
†`‡k gvbyl eo|
AvZ¥K_v
Kwei ¯§„wZc‡U AvRI fv¯§i Zv‡`i RxebK_v hv‡`i †`‡LwQ
VvKzi evwoi AvwObvq|
# ¯§„wZc‡U, Zv‡`i RxebK_v, hv‡`i †`‡LwQ, VvKzi evwoi
AvwObvq|
Kve¨
iwOjv bv‡qi gvwS nvmyi GKcqmvi euvwki myi ï‡b iƒceZx I
myPqbx mwKbv njy` eiY kvox c‡o †mvRb evw`qvi NvU I bKkx
Kuv_vi gvV-Gi gvSvgvwS avb‡¶Z cvwo w`‡q evjyP‡i Qz‡U Avmj|
ZLbB Zvi g‡b coj 71-Gi †mB fqven w`b¸wji K_v, hLb
GLv‡b wQj Kvd‡bi wgwQj i³ i‡O R‡ji †jLb| hLb †Ku‡`‡Q
A‡bK gv Rbbx (gv †h Rbbx Kv‡›`) ZviciI gv‡Mv Rvwj‡q
‡i‡L‡Q Av‡jv| (gv‡Mv Rvwj‡q ivwLm Av‡jv)|
# iwOjv bv‡qi gvwS, nvmy, GKcqmvi euvwk, iƒceZx, myPqbx,
mwKbv, njy` eiY, †mvRb evw`qvi NvU, bKkx Kuv_vi gvV,
avb‡¶Z, evjyPi, fqven w`b¸wj‡Z, Kvd‡bi wgwQj, R‡ji
†jLb, gv †h Rbbx Kv‡‱`, gv‡Mv Rvwj‡q ivwLm Av‡jv|
Dcb¨vm:- Zvi GKgvÎ Dcb¨vm Ô‡evev KvwnbxÕ|
KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
bvUK
Av‡jqv wSwjwgwj i‡Oi kvwo c‡o gaygvjvi cyZz‡ji we‡q †`L‡Z
†Mj|
# Av‡jqv, wSwjwgwj, gaygvjv, cyZz‡ji we‡q |
37
Dcb¨vm
Kz‡nwjKv g„Zz¨¶zavq evuabnviv|
# Kz‡nwjKv, g„Zz¨¶zav, evuabnviv|
Mí MÖ‰
wkDwj gvjv cÙ †MvLivi e¨_vi `vb †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z wR‡bi
ev`kvi Kv‡Q wi‡³i †e`b wb‡q ‡Mj|
# wkDwj gvjv, cÙ †MvLivi, e¨_vi `vb, wR‡bi ev`kv, wi‡³i
†e`b|
Kve¨
‡`vjbPuvcv, wPËbvgv I wmÜz wn‡›`vj Amv‡g¨i wRwÄi fvO‡Z I
mvg¨ev`x Av‡›`vj‡b kwiK n‡Z me©nviv‡`i `‡j †hvM w`j|
Zv‡`i Mv‡bi `j QvqvbU bZzb Puv‡`i mgq mwÂZv †_‡K fvOvi
Mvb MvBZ| Zv‡`i †kl mIMv‡Zi wec ex my‡ii AwMœexYvq
Pµev‡K cy‡ei nvIqvi So DV‡Zv| gifv¯‥‡i cÖjq †`‡L
KuvcZ wS‡O dzj I dwY-gbmv|
# ‡`vjbPuvcv, wPËbvgv, wmÜz wn‡‱`vj, wRwÄi, mvg¨ev`,
me©nviv, QvqvbU, bZzb Puv`, mwÂZv, fvOvi Mvb, †kl mIMvZ,
AwM′exYv, PµevK, cy‡ei nvIqv, So, gifv¯‥i, wS‡O dzj,
dwY-gbmv|
iex‱ ªbv_ VvKzi
Dcb¨vm
‡Mviv wn›`y N‡ii †g‡q ivRlx© I gvj †e․ VvKzivYxi nvU †_‡K
wdi‡Z †b․KvWywe‡Z AvnZ nj| PZzi‡½ e¨_vi Kvi‡Y N‡ii
evB‡i †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z cvij bv| N‡i e‡m yB †evb GKRb
Av‡iK R‡bi †Pv‡Li evwj‡Z cwiYZ nj Ges ï‡q ï‡q †k‡li
KweZvi Pvi Aa¨vq gyL¯ K‡i †djj|
# ‡Mviv, ivRlx©, gvjÂ, †e․ VvKzivYxi nvU, †b․KvWywe, PZzi½,
N‡i evB‡i, †hvMv‡hvM, yB †evb, †Pv‡Li evwj, †k‡li KweZv, Pvi
Aa¨vq |
bvUK
APjvqZb †`‡ki ivRv iæ`ªPÛ I ivYx wPÎv½`v LyeB `ywðšÍvq
Av‡Qb| Zv‡`i mšÍvb c„w_¡ivR ivR¨ Pvjbvq gb bv w`‡q c„w_exi
gvqvi †Ljvq †g‡Z i‡q‡Q| AvR evukix evRvq †Zv Kvj g„Mqvq
hvq| †m •eKz‡Éi LvZvq bvg †jwL‡q WvKN‡ii Kv‡Q wPiKzgvi
mfvq †hvM w`‡q‡Q| GgZve vq GB mgm¨v †_‡K cwiÎvY †c‡Z
iæ`ªPÛ †M‡jb evj¥xwKi (evj¥xwK cÖwZfv) Kv‡Q ej‡jb Avgv‡K
Rxeb hy‡×i GB civRq †_‡K i¶v K‡ib| bZzev G †`k Zv‡mi
†`‡k cwiYZ n‡e| evj¥xwK Dcvq wn‡m‡e ej‡jb kªveY gv‡m
PÛvwjKv †`exi gw›`‡i bUxi c~Rv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges gy³avivq i³
wemR©b w`‡Z n‡e| ivRv ZvB Ki‡jb Ges cieZx© dvêyb gv‡m
c„w_¡ivR ivR gyKzU MÖnY Ki‡jb I ivRv ivYx †Mvovi Mj` wgwU‡q
Kv‡ji hvÎvq P‡j †Mj|
# APjvqZb, iæ ªPÛ, wPÎv½`v, c„w_¡ivR, gvqvi †Ljv, evukix,
Kvj g„Mqvq •eKz‡Éi LvZv WvKNi wPiKzgvi mfv, cwiÎvY,
evj¥xwK cÖwZfv, civRq, Zv‡mi †`‡k, kªveY, PÛvwjKv, bUxi
c~Rv, gy³avivq, i³, wemR©b, dvêyb, gyKzU, †Mvovi Mj`, Kv‡ji
hvÎv |
Kve¨
fvbywmsn VvKzi mvbvB nv‡Z K‡i wPÎv b`x cvi nIqvi Rb¨ †Lqv
†mvbvi Zix‡Z I‡V| GKB mg‡q ¶wYKv, k¨vgjx, gûqv I gvbmx
b`x cvi nIqvi Rb¨ †mvbvi Zix‡Z I‡V| gûqv‡K †`‡L VvKzi
mv‡ne gy» nq| Zvi †cÖ‡g nveyWyey †L‡Z _v‡K| •b‡e`¨ †m Rvb‡Z
cv‡i gvN gv‡mi 12 ZvwiL gûqvi Rb¥w`b| GRb¨ †m gûqvi
Rb¥w`‡b ebdzj Kwo I †Kvgj ejvKvi Kv‡Q cvwV‡q †`q| ejvKv
ZLb Kíbvi g‡a¨ MxZvÄwj Kve¨ co‡Z _v‡K| gûqv cÎcy‡Ui
Qovi Qwe mܨvi m½x‡Zi gZ MvB‡Z _v‡K| Kwei G †kl †jLv
Zvi Rxe‡bi Kwe Kvwnbx|
# fvbywmsn VvKz‡ii c`vejx, mvbvB, wPÎv, †Lqv, †mvbvi Zix,
¶wYKv, k¨vgjx, gûqv, gvbmx, •b‡e`¨, Rb¥w`‡b, ebdzj, Kwo I
†Kvgj, ejvKv, Kíbv, MxZvÄwj, cÎcyU, Qovi Qwe, mܨv m½xZ,
†kl †jLv, Kwe Kvwnbx|
Dcvwa
Dcvwa cÖK…Z bvg
‡`․jZ DwRi evnivg Lvb
Kwe K¼b gyKz›`ivg PµeZ©x
ivq MyYvKi fviZP›`ª
hyMmwÜÿ‡Yi Kwe Ck¦iP›`ª ¸ß
evsjvi wgëb ‡ngP›`ª gy‡Lvcva¨vq
‡fv‡ii cvwL wenvixjvj PµeZ©x
mvwnZ¨ wekvi` Avãyj Kwig
wek¦Kwe iex› ªbv_ VvKzi
Q‡›`i Rv`yKi m‡Z¨›`ª bv_ `Ë
mvwnZ¨ m¤ªvU, Fwl ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
we‡`ªvnx Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
we`¨vmvMi Ck¦iP›`ª
cjøx Kwe Rwmg D``xb
iæcmx evsjvi Kwe Rxebvb›` `vm
PviY Kwe gyKz›` `vm
Aciv‡Rq K_vwkíx kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
bvMwiK Kwe kvgmyi ivngvb
fvlv weÁvbx W. ‡gvnv¤§` knx`yjøvn
38
wK‡kvi Kwe myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©
gymwjg bvix RvMi‡Yi AMÖ`yZ ‡eMg †iv‡Kqv
K¬¨vwmK Kwe myax›`ªbv_ `Ë
¯^cœvZzi Kwe ‣mq` BmgvBj †nv‡mb wmivRx
wgw_jvi ‡KvwKj we`¨vcwZ
gnvKwe AvjvIj
mvwnZ¨ †iu‡bmvi Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i wecøwe Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
Bmjvwg †iu‡bmvi Kwe diiæL Avng`
QÙbvg
QÙbvg cÖK…Z bvg
eo PÐx`vm AbšÍ eo
MvRx wgqv gxi gkviid †nv‡mb
fvby wmsn iex› ªbv_ VvKzi
exiej cÖg_ †P․ayix
Kvq‡Kvev` Kv‡Rg Avj †Kviv‡qkx
û‡Zvg †cuPv KvwjKvb›`
ebdzj ejvB Puv` gy‡Lvcva¨vq
nvqvr gvgy` W. gwbiæ¾vgvb
ciïivg ivR †kLi emy
kIKZ Imgvb ‡kL AvwRRyi ingvb
a~g‡KZz KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i wewfb′
kvLvi Avw` Kwe, cÖeZ©K,
RbK Ges cw_K…Z
weeiY ‡jLK/Kwei bvg
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i/ cÖvPxb hy‡Mi
Avw` Kwe
jyB cv
ga¨ hy‡Mi Avw` Kwe eo PÐx`vm
gbmvg½j Kv‡e¨i Avw` Kwe Kvbv nwi`Ë
PÐx g½j Kv‡e¨i Avw` Kwe gvwbK `Ë
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g gymjgvb
Kwe
kvn †gvnv¤§` mMxi
ivgvq‡Yi cÖ_g Abyev`K Kwe K…wËevm IuSv
gnvfvi‡Zi cÖ_g Abyev`K Kex› ª ci‡gk¦i
KziAvb kix‡di cÖ_g Abye`K fvB wMwik P›`ª †mb
evsjv M‡`¨i cw_K…Z DBwjqvg †Kix
wkím¤§Z M`¨ixwZi
RbK/M`¨ixwZi RbK
Ck¦iP› ª we`¨vmvMi
PwjZ M`¨ixwZi RbK cÖg_ †P․ayix
evsjv Dcb¨v‡mi cw_K…r c¨vwiPuv` wgÎ
evsjv Dcb¨v‡mi RbK ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
evsjv bvU‡Ki cÖeZ©K ZvivPiY wkK`vi
evsjv bvU‡Ki RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
evsjv cÖnm‡bi RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
evsjv m‡b‡Ui cÖeZ©K/RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ †cÎvKxq m‡b‡Ui
cÖeZ©K
cÖg_ †P․ayix
evsjv gnvKv‡e¨i RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ AwgÎvÿi Q‡›`i
cÖeZ©K
gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
evsjv †QvU M‡íi RbK iex› ªªbv_ VvKzi
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i wewfb′
kvLvi cÖ_g
weeiY iPbvi bvg iPwqZvi bvg
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Avw`
wb`k©b
Ph©vc` ‡gvU 24 Rb
ga¨hy‡Mi evsjv
mvwn‡Z¨i Avw`
wb`k©b
kÖxK…ò KxZ©b eoPÐx `vm
gymjgvb‡`i †jLv
cÖ_g mvwnZ¨
BDmyd Ry‡jLv kvn& †gvnv¤§` mMxi
cÖ_g gyw`ªZ MÖš K‡_vcK_b DBwjqvg †Kwi
cÖ_g Dcb¨vm Avjv‡ji N‡ii
`yjvj
c¨vixPuv` wgÎ
cÖ_g mv_©K Dcb¨vm `y‡N©k bw›`bx ew¼gP›`ª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
cÖ_g †ivgvw›UK
Dcb¨vm
KcvjKzÐjv ew¼gP›`ª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
cÖ_g cÖY‡qvcÿvY BDmyd †Rv‡jLv kvn& gyn¤§` mMxi
cÖ_g cÖeÜ ‡e`všÍ ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq
cÖ_g bvUK f`ªvR©yb ZvivPiY wkK`vi
cÖ_g mv_©K bvUK kwg©ôv gvB‡Kj gaym~`b
`Ë
cÖ_g cÖnmb GKB Kx e‡j
mf¨Zv
gvB‡Kj gaym~`b
`Ë
cÖ_g Ges GKgvÎ
mv_©K gnvKve¨
‡gNbv` ea Kve¨ gvB‡Kj gaym~`b
`Ë
cÖ_g †QvU Mí wfLvwibx iex› ªbv_ VvKzi
cÖ_g mv_©K †QvUMí ‡`bv cvIbv iex› ªbv_ VvKzi
cÖ_g gymjgvb
bvU¨Kvi
gxi gkviid
†nv‡mb
XvKv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ
cÖ_g iPbv
bxj `c©Y `xbeÜz wgÎ
cÖ_g evsjv Aÿ‡ii
†Lv`vBKvix
cÂvbb Kg©Kvi
cÖ_g evsjv Aÿi
†Lv`vBKvix
Pvj©m DBjwKÝ
cÖ_g gwnjv
Jcb¨vwmK
‡gevi ivR ¯^Y©Kzgvix †`ex
39
wewfb′ Kwei cÖ_g
Kve¨Mª‰
iPwqZvi bvg Kve¨MÖ‡‰i bvg
gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë The Captive Lady
iex› ªbv_ VvKzi ebdzj
KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg AwMœexYv
Rxebvb›` `vm Siv cvjK
kvgmyi ivngvb cÖ_g Mvb, wØZxq g„Zz¨i Av‡M
Avj gvngy` ‡jvK †jvKvšÍi
myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© QvocÎ
wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y ‡cÖgvsïi i³ PvB
Avey †nbv †gv Ídv Kvgvj AvcY †h․eb •eix
Rmxg D &`xb ivLvjx
diiæL Avng` mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS
ûgvqyb AvRv` A‡j․wKK Bw÷gvi
Awgq PµeZ©x cvivcvi
wewfb′ Jcb¨vwm‡Ki cÖ_g
cÖKvwkZ Dcb¨vm
Jcb¨vwm‡Ki bvg Dcb¨v‡mi bvg
ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq `y‡M©k bw›`bx
iex› ªbv_ VvKzi ‡e․ VvKzivYxi nvU
KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg euvabnviv
Avey BmnvK m~h©`xNj evwo
gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq w`ev ivwÎi Kve¨
kIKZ Imgvb ewb Av`g
knx yjøvn Kvqmvi mv‡is †e․
gxi gkviid †nv‡mb iZœveZx
AvLZviæ¾vgvb Bwjqvm wP‡j‡KvVvi †mcvB
‣mq` IqvjxDjøvn jvjmvjy
c¨vixPuv` wgÎ Avjv‡ji N‡ii yjvj
‡eMg †iv‡Kqv cÙivM
wewfb′ bvU¨Kv‡ii cÖ_g
cÖKvwkZ bvUK
bvU¨Kv‡ii bvg bvU‡Ki bvg
gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë kwg©ôv
iex› ªbv_ VvKzi iæ`ªPÐ
KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg wSwjwgwj
byiæj †gv‡gb †b‡gwmm
gvgybyi iwk` Iiv K`g Avjx
gybxi †P․ayix i³v³ evsjv
`xb eÜywgÎ bxj`c©Y
gxi gkviid †nv‡mb emšÍ Kzgvix
wewfb′ mvwn‡Z¨i
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Pwi‡Îi ªóv,
MÖ‰ I MÖ‡‰i cÖK…wZ
Pwi‡Îi bvg PwiÎ ¯ªóvi
bvg
MÖ‡‰i bvg iPbvi aib
ivav, K…ò Ges
eovwq
eo PÐx`vm kÖxK…ò KxZ©b cuvPvwj
Kve¨
Ck¦ix cvUbx fviZP›`ª
ivq ¸YvKi
Abœ vg½j
Kve¨
g½jKve¨
cÙveZx AvjvIj cÙveZx cÖYq
DcvL¨vb
VKPvPv c¨vixPuv`
wgÎ
Avjv‡ji
N‡ii yjvj
Dcb¨vm
bexb gvae,
†Zvivc
`xbeÜz wgÎ bxj `c©Y bvUK
iveY, cÖwgjv
Ges †gNbv`
gvB‡Kj
gaym~`b `Ë
‡gNbv`ea gnvKve¨
f³cÖmv` evey gvB‡Kj
gaym~`b `Ë
ey‡ov kvwj‡Ki
Nv‡o †iuv
cÖnmb
Agj iex› ªbv_
VvKzi
WvKNi bvUK
dwUK PµeZ©x iex› ªbv_
VvKzi
QzwU ‡QvUMí
ingZ, LyKx iex› ªbv_
VvKzi
KveyjxIqvjv ‡QvUMí
iZb iexY&`ªbv_
VvKzi
‡cv÷ gv÷vi ‡QvUMí
‡Mviv, jwjZv,
myPwiZv Ges
webq
iex› ªbv_
VvKzi
‡Mviv Dcb¨vm
AwgZ, jveY¨
Ges †K wU wgÎ
iex› ªbv_
VvKzi
‡k‡li KweZv Dcb¨vm
gaym~`b Ges
Kzgyw`bx
iex› ªbv_
VvKzi
‡hvMv‡hvM Dcb¨vm
ivBPiY iex› ªbv_
VvKzi
‡LvKveveyi
cÖZ¨veZ©b
Mí
‣ngšÍx,
†M․ixk¼i Ges
Acy
iex› ªbv_
VvKzi
‣ngšÍx Mí
Kz›`bw›`bx,
b‡M›`ªbv_
ew¼gP›`ª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
wele„ÿ Dcb¨vm
KcvjKzÐjv Ges
beKzgvi
ew¼gP›`ª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
KcvjKzÐjv Dcb¨vm
ågi, †ivwnYx
Ges †Mvwe›`jvj
ew¼gP›`ª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
K…òKv‡šÍi
DBj
Dcb¨vm
Av‡qkv Ges ew¼gP›`ª `y‡M©kbw›`bx Dcb¨vm
40
wZ‡jvËgv P‡Ævcva¨vq
‡ngvw½bx, †Kó
Ges Kv`w¤bx
ew¼gP›`ª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
‡gRw`w` Mí
Mdzi kirP›`ªª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
g‡nk Mí
gvawe Ges my‡ib kirP›`ªª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
eow`w` eoMí/
Dcb¨vm
b‡ib, igv kirP›`ªª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
`Ëv Dcb¨vm
kÖxKvšÍ, B›`ªbv_,
Abœ vw`w`,
ivRj²x
kirP›`ªª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
kÖxKvšÍ Dcb¨vm
mZxk, mvweÎx
Ges wKiYgqx
kirP›`ªª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
PwiÎnxb Dcb¨vm
gwng, my‡ik
Ges APjv
kirP›`ªª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
M„n`vn Dcb¨vm
igv Ges i‡gk kirP›`ªª
P‡Ævcva¨vq
cjøxmgvR Dcb¨vm
Kz‡ei, gvjv, †nv‡mb
wgqv Ges †nv‡mb
wgqv
gvwbK
e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
cÙv b`xi
gvwS
Dcb¨vm
‡Rvniv Ges Be¨vnxg
Kvw ©
gybxi †P․ayix i³v³ cÖvšÍi bvUK
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnv‡mi
¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÎcwÎKv Ges
m¤úv`K
cÎ-cwÎKvi bvg Ges weeiY m¤úv`‡Ki bvg
‡e½j †M‡RU (evsjv Z_v
fvi‡Zi cÖ_g msev`cÎ)
‡Rgm AMv÷vm wnwK
w`M`k©b (e½f~wg‡Z evsjv
fvlvq cÖKvwkZ cÖ_g mvgwqK
cwÎKv)
Rb K¬¨vK© gvk©g¨vb
mgvPvi `c©Y (cÖ_g cÖK…Z evsjv
cwÎKv hvi Øviv msev`
cwi‡ekb ïiæ nq)
Rb K¬¨vK© gvk©g¨vb
ev½vjv †M‡RU (evOvwj KZ©„K
m¤úvw`Z I cÖKvwkZ cÖ_g
evsjv msev`cÎ)
M½vwK‡kvi fÆvPvh©
m¤^v` cÖfvKi Ck¦iP› ª ¸ß
ZË¡‡evwabx AÿKzgvi `Ë
gvwmK cwÎKv c¨vixPuv` wgÎ I ivavbv_
wkK`vi
e½`k©b ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
AvwRRy‡bœnvi gxi gkviid †nv‡mb
fviZx w؇R›`ªbv_ VvKzi
mvwnZ¨ my‡ikP›`ª mgvRcwZ
mvabv iex› ªbv_ VvKzi
beb~i ‣mq` Gg`v` Avjx
mvßvwnK †gvnv¤§`x ‡gvnv¤§` AvKivg Luv
meyRcÎ (PwjZ M`¨ixwZi
gyLcÎ)
cÖg_ †P․ayix
mIMvZ ‡gvnv¤§` bvwmi DwÏb
a~g‡KZz (Avb›`gqxi AvMg‡b
cÖKvwkZ n‡j cwÎKvwU wbwl×
Kiv nq Ges m¤úv`K KvRx
bRiæj Bmjv‡gi bv‡g
†`k‡`ªvwnZvi Awf‡hvM Avbv
nq)
KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
‣`wbK AvRv` ‡gvnv¤§` AvKivg Luv
K‡jøvj `x‡bkiÄb `vm
jv½j KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
wkLv (Ávb †hLv‡b mxgve×,
eyw× †hLv‡b Avoô, gyw³
†mLv‡b Am¤¢e)
Aveyj û‡mb
mgKvj wmKv›`vi Avey Rvdi
gv‡n bI Ave yj Kvw`i
‣`wbK behyM KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
‡eMg b~iRvnvb ‡eMg
hvq hvq w`b kwdK †ingvb
AvOzi (wkï‡Zvl cwÎKv) W. gyn¤§` knx yjøvn
m‡›`k myKzgvi ivq
wewfb′ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
PiY, evYx I D×…wZ
01. c‡ii Kvi‡b ¯v_© w`qv ewj
G Rxeb gb mKwj `vI,
Zvi gZ myL †Kv_vI wK Av‡Q?
Avcbvi K_v fywjqv hvI|Ó - myL, Kvwgbx ivq|
02. ÒAvnv, wK gayi IB Avhv‡bi aŸwb
g‡g© g‡g© †mB myi evwRj wK mygayi
AvKzj nBj cÖvY, bvwPj agbx|Ó - Avhvb, Kvq‡Kvev`|
03. ÒKwi‡Z cvwi bv KvR
m`v fq m`v jvR,
msk‡q msK‡í m`v U‡j
cv‡Q †jv‡K wKQz e‡j|Ó - cv‡Q †jv‡K wKQz e‡j, Kvwgbx ivq|
04. Òwec‡` †gv‡i iÿv Ki
G b‡n †gvi cÖv_©bv
wec‡` Avwg bv †hb Kwi fq|Ó - AvZ¥ÎvY, iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
41
05. Ò‡h Rb w`e‡m g‡bi ni‡l,
R¡vjvq †gv‡gi evwZ,
Avky M„‡n Zvi, †`wL‡e bv Avi,
wbkx‡_ cÖ`xc fvwZ|Ó - wgZe¨wqZv, K…òP› ª gRyg`vi|
06. ÒwPimyLx Rb å‡g wK KLb
e¨w_Z †e`b eywS‡Z cv‡i
wK hvZbv we‡l eywS‡e †m wK‡m
Kfz Avwkwe‡l `s‡kwb hv‡i|Ó - mge¨_x, K…òP›`ª gRyg`vi|
07. ÒeveyB cvwL‡i WvwK, ewj‡Q PovB
Kz‡o N‡i †_‡K K‡i wk‡íi eovB
Avwg _vwK gnvmy‡L AÆvwjKv c‡i
Zzwg KZ Kó cvI †iv` e„wó S‡o|Ó
- ¯vaxbZvi myL, iRbxKvšÍ †mb|
08. Òabav‡b¨ cy‡®ú fiv Avgv‡`i GB emyÜiv
Zvnvi gv‡S Av‡Q †`k GK-mKj †`‡ki †miv|Ó
- abav‡b¨ cy‡®ú fiv, w؇R› ªjvj ivq|
09. ‡gv‡`i Mie †gv‡`i Avkv Av gwi evsjv fvlvÓ- Av gwi
evsjv fvlv, - AZzj cÖmv` †mb|
10. ÒAvcbv‡i j‡q weeªZ iwn‡Z
Av‡m bvB †Kn Aewb c‡i,
mK‡ji Z‡i mK‡j Avgiv
cª‡Z¨‡K Avgiv c‡ii Z‡i|Ó - civ‡_©, Kvwgbx ivq|
11. ÒMvwn mv‡g¨i Mvb
gvby‡li †P‡q eo wKQz bvB,
b‡n wKQz gnxqvb|ÕÕ - mvg¨, KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
12. Òwe‡k¦ hv wKQz gnvb m„wó
wPi Kj¨vYKi
A‡a©K Zvi Kwiqv‡Q bvix
A‡a©K Zvi bi|Ó - bvix, KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
13. ÒAvwR n‡Z kZel© c‡i
‡K Zzwg cwoQ ewm Avgvi KweZvLvwb
AvwR n‡Z kZel© c‡i|Ó - 1400 mvj, iex› ªbv_ VvKzi|
14. Ò‡n e½, fvÐv‡i Ze wewea iZb|
Zv m‡e, (A‡eva Avwg) Ae‡njv Kwi,Ó
- e½fvlv, gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
15. Ò‡n Kwe, bxie †Kb dv¸b †h G‡m‡Q aivq,
em‡šÍ ewiqv Zzgw jÕ‡e bv wK Ze e›`bvq?Ó
- Zvnv‡iB c‡o g‡b, †eMg mywdqv Kvgvj|
16. ÒcvwL me K‡i ie, ivwZ †cvnvBj
Kvb‡b Kzmyg Kwj mKwj dzwUj|Ó - g`b‡gvnb ZK©vj¼vi|
17. ÒRx‡e †cÖg K‡i †hB Rb, †mB me †mwe‡Q Ck¦i|Ó
- ¯vgx we‡eKvb›`|
18. Ò‡Zvgvi KxwZ©i †P‡q Zzwg †h gnr
GB Ze Rxe‡bi i_
cðv‡Z †dwjqv hvq KxwZ©‡i †Zvgvi evisevi
wPý Ze c‡o Av‡Q Zzwg †n_v bvB|Ó
- kvRvnvb, iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
19. Òbvbvb †`‡ki bvbvb fvlv
we‡b ¯^‡`kx fvlv
‡g‡U wK Avkv?Ó - ¯‡`kx fvlv, ivgwbwa ¸ß|
20. ÒKZ MÖvg KZ c_ hvq m‡i m‡i,
kn‡i ivbvi hv‡eB †c․‡Q †fv‡i|Ó - ivbvi, myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©|
21. ÒG‡m‡Q bZzb wkï, Zv‡K †Q‡o w`‡Z n‡e vb;
RxY© c„w_ex‡Z e¨_©, g„Z aŸsm ‧c-wc‡V
P‡j †h‡Z †ne Avgv‡`i|Ó - QvocÎ, myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©|
22. ÒRwb¥‡j gwi‡Z n‡e, Agi †K ‡Kv_v K‡e?Ó
- gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
23. Ò_vKe bv‡Kv e× N‡i
‡`Le Gevi RMrUv‡K
‡Kgb K‡i Nyi‡Q gvbyl
hyMvšÍ‡ii N~wY©cv‡K|Ó - msKí, KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
24. ÒAvcbv‡K eo e‡j eo †mB bq
‡jv‡K hv‡i eo e‡j eo †mB nq|Ó- eo †K, -Ck¦iP› ª ¸ß|
25. Ò‡Kvb †`‡k‡Z ZiæjZv
mKj †`‡ki PvB‡Z k¨vgj?
‡Kvb †`‡k‡Z Pj‡Z †M‡jB
`j‡Z nq‡i ye©v Kgj?Ó- †Kvb †`‡k, m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë|
26. ÒfvZ †` nvivgRv`v, Zv bv n‡j gvbwPÎ Lve|Ó
- iwdK AvRv`|
27. Ògv‡Mv, Iiv e‡j,
mevi K_v †K‡o †b‡e,
‡Zvgvi †Kv‡j ï‡q
Mí ïb‡Z †`‡ebv
ej, gv| ZvB wK nq?Ó - Avey Rvdi Ievq yjøvn|
28. Ògvi †Pv‡L bvB AkÖæ †Kej
AbbR¡vjv, yÔ‡PvL Zvi
kÎæ nb‡bi AvnŸvb|Ó
- knx` ¯§i‡Y, ‡gvnv¤§` gwbiæ¾vgvb|
29. Ò‡n `vwi ª¨, Zzwg †gv‡i K‡iQ gnvb|
Zzwg †gv‡i `vwbqvQ Lªx‡ôi m¤§vb
KÈK gyKzU †kvfv|Ó - `vwi`ª¨, KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
30. ÒG wek¦‡K bZzb wkïi evm‡hvM¨ K‡i hve Avwg-
beRvZ‡Ki KvQ G Avgvi „p Aw½Kvi|Ó
- QvocÎ, myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©|
42
31. ÒgnvÁvbx gnvRb, †h c‡_ K‡i Mgb
n‡q‡Q cÖvZ¯§iYxq|Ó - †ngP› ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq|
32. ÒI‡i bexbÕ I‡i Avgvi KuvPv,
I‡i meyR, I‡i AeyS,
Ava-giv‡`i Nv †g‡i ZzB euvPv|Ó
- mey‡Ri Awfhvb, iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
33. Ò‡Kb cvš ÿvšÍ nI †nwi `xN© c_
D`¨g wen‡b cy‡i Kvi g‡bvi_|
KuvUv †nwi ÿvšÍ †Kb Kgj Zzwj‡Z
`ytL webv myL jvf nq wK gwn‡Z?Ó - K…òP›`ª gRyg`vi|
34. Ògwi‡Z Pvwnbv Avwg my›`i fze‡b
gvb‡ei gv‡S Avwg euvwPev‡i PvB|Ó
- Kwo I †Kvgj, iex› ªbv_ VvKzi|
35. ÒR‡b¥wQ gv‡Mv †Zvgvi †Kv‡j‡Z
gwi †hb GB †`‡k|Ó - R‡b¥wQ GB †`‡k, mywdqv Kvgvj|
36. Ò‡Zvgv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv
‡Zvgv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨
Avi KZevi fvm‡Z n‡e i³M½vq|Ó - kvgmyi ivngvb|
37. Ò‡h me e‡½‡Z R‡b¥ wns‡m e½evYx
‡m me Kvnvi Rb¥ wbY©q b Rvwb|Ó- e½evYx, Ave yj nvwKg|
38. ÒG‡bwQ‡j mv‡_ K‡i g„Zz¨nxb cÖvY
gi‡Y ZvnvB Zzwg K‡i †M‡j `vb|Ó - iex› ªbv_ VvKzi|
39. ÒKweZvq Avi wK wjLe?
hLb ey‡Ki i‡³ wj‡LwQ
GKwU bvg
evsjv‡`k|Ó - †gvnv¤§` gwbiæ¾vgvb|
40. Òevsjvi gyL Avwg †`wLqvwQ, ZvB c„w_exi iƒc
‡`wL‡Z PvB bv Avi|Ó - Rxebvb›` `vm|
41. ÒAvevi Avwme wd‡i avbwmuwowUi Zx‡i GB evsjvq
nq‡Zv gvbyl bq nq‡Zv ev kLwPj kvwj‡Ki †e‡k|Ó
- Avevi Avwme wd‡i, Rxebvb›` `vm|
42. ÒbvB wK‡i myL? bvB wK‡i myL?
G aiv wK ïay welv`gq?
hvZ‡b R¡vwjqv Kuvw`qv gwi‡Z
‡Kewj wK bi Rbg jq?Ó - Kvwgbx ivq|
43. ÒKvÐvwi G Zixi cvKv gvwS gvjøv
`uvwo gy‡L mvwi Mvb jv kixK Avjøvn|Ó
- †Lqvcv‡ii ZiYx, KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
44. ÒMvwn Zvn‡`i Mvb,
we‡k¦i mv‡_ Rxe‡bi c‡_ hviv AvwR Av¸qvb|Ó
-KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
45. ÒEaŸ© wki hw` Zzwg Kzj gb a‡b
KwiIbv N„Yv Ze wbP wki R‡b|Ó
- imvj I ¯Y©jwZKv, gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
46. Òmy‡Li jvwMqv G Ni euvwaby
Ab‡j cywiqv †Mj|Ó - Ávb `vm|
47. Ò¯^vaxbZv nxbZvq †K euvwPZ Pvq
‡K euvwP‡Z Pvq
`vmZ¡ k„Lj ej ‡K cwi‡e cvq †n
‡K cwi‡e cvq|Ó
- ¯vaxbZv, i½jvj e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
48. ÒmwL †Kg‡b awi wnq?
Avgvi ea~qv Avb evwo hvq
Avgvi AvwObv w`qv|Ó- PÐx`vm
49. Ònv cyÎ! nv exeievû! ex‡i› ª wKkix|
‡Kg‡b awie cÖvY †Zvgvi wen‡b?Ó
- mgy‡`ªi cwZ iveY, gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
50. Òïb‡n gvbyl fvB
mevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨ Zvnvi Dc‡i bvB&Ó
- PÐx`vm|
51. Ògg GK nv‡Z euvKv euv‡ki euvkix
Avi nv‡Z iY-Zzh©|Ó - we‡ ªvnx, KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg|
52. ÒZzwg gv¯‧‡j, Avwg `uvo Uvwb fz‡j
m¤§y‡L ïay Amxg Kzqvkv †nwi|Ó - cv‡Äwi, diiæL Avng`|
53. Ò‡kvb gv Avwgbv, †i‡L †`‡i KvR, Z¡iv K‡i gvV Pj
Gj †gNbvi †Rvqv‡ii †ejv, GLwb bvwg‡e Xj|Ó
- †gNbvi Xj, ûgvq~b Kwei|
54. ÒAvgvi gv‡qi †mvbvi ‡bvjK nvwi‡q †Mj †k‡l
‡n_vq LuywR †n_vq LyuwR mviv evsjv‡`‡k|Ó
- †bvjK, Avj gvngy`|
55. Ò‡`kx fvlv we`¨v hvi g‡b b Ryovq
wbR †`k Z¨vMx †Kb we‡`k b hvq|Ó - Avãyj nvwKg|
56. ÒGK Lvwb †QvU †LZ, Avwg G‡KjvÓ
- †mvbvi Zix, iex› ªbv_ VvKzi|
57. ÒIiv Avgvi gy‡Li fvlv KvBov wb‡Z PvqÓ - Avãyj jwZd|
58. Òme KUv Rvbvjv Ly‡j `vI bvÓ - bRiæj Bmjvg evey|
59. ÒAvgiv mevB ivRv Avgv‡`iB ivRvi ivR‡Z¡Ó
- iex› ªbv_ VvKzi|
60. ÒAvgiv wn› y †hgb mZ¨ Zvi †P‡q ‡ewk mZ¨ Avgiv evOvwjÓ
- W. gyn¤§` knx yjøvn&
61. Ò‡KD gvjv, †KD Zmwe Mjvq, ZvB‡Zv RvZ wfbœ ejvqÓ-
jvjb dwKi|
62. Ò‡hLv‡b wd« w_swKs †bB †mLv‡b KvjPvi †bB|Ó
-iex› ªbv_ VvKzi|
43
63. Ògayi †P‡qI Av‡Q gayi †m Avgvi †`‡ki gvwU
Avgvi †`‡ki c‡_i a~jv LuvwU †mvbvi PvB‡Z LuvwU|Ó
- m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë|
64. Ògvby‡li gv‡S ¯M© biK, gvby‡l‡Z myivmyiÓ
- †kL dRjj Kwig|
65. Òiƒc jvwM AvwL Sz‡i ï‡b gb †fviÓ - Ávb `vm|
66. Òfvlv gvby‡li gyL †_‡K Kj‡g Av‡m, D‡ëvUv Ki‡Z †M‡j
gy‡L ïay Kvwj c‡o|Ó - cÖg_ †P․ayix|
67. ÒmKv‡j DwVqv Avwg g‡b g‡b ewj mviv w`b Avwg †hb fvj
n‡q Pwj|Ó - g`b‡gvnb ZK©vj¼vi|
68. ÒLuvPvi wfZi AwPb cvwL ‡Kg‡b Av‡m hvq?Ó- jvjb dwKi|
69. ÒRb¥B Avgvi AvRb¥ cvcÓ - `vD` nvq`vi|
70. Òcw_K, Zzwg c_ nvivBqvQ|Ó
- KcvjKzÐjv, ew¼gP› ª P‡Ævcva¨vq|
71. Òÿzavi iv‡R¨ c„w_ex M`¨gq,
c~wY©gvi Puv` †hb Sjmv‡bv iæwU|Ó - myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©|
72. Òeoi wcwiwZ evwji euva, ÿ‡Y nv‡Z `wo ÿ‡YK Puv`Ó-
-fviZP› ª ivq¸YvKi|
73. ÒG fiv ev`i gvn fv`i
k~b¨ gw›`i †gvi|Ó - we`¨vcwZ|