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Lecture 22-23(Hollow Fibers Biomaterials in Nephrology)
Within the context of biomaterials, what is meant by the term hollow fiber!"
#ist se$eral important biome%ical applications of hollow fibers"
What is meant by the terms semipermeable or selecti$ely permeable!"
How are hollow fibers &se% in ner$e repair"
Within the context of cell encaps&lation, what is meant by the term
imm&noisolation!"
What is meant by the term phase in$ersion!"
How are hollow fibers ma%e"
What types of reagents are re'&ire% for fabricating a hollow fiber"
What is meant by the term ann&lar spinneret!"
How is the perm-selecti$e sin of a hollow fiber create%"
Why %o many types of hollow fibers ha$e an anisotropic wall architect&re"
What %oes the <ra-topography of the inner sin loo lie an% why %oes it
ha$e this characteristic str&ct&re"
How %oes one characterie the sie$ing or filtration properties of a hollow fiber
membrane"
What is meant by the term *olec&lar Weight +&t-off (*W+)"
What is meant by the term hin%ere% %iff&sion"
escribe how a hemo%ialyer is constr&cte% an% how it f&nctions"
What are the primary iss&es that %etermine hemo%ialysis biocompatibility"
What is the chemical nat&re of +&prophane"
What are the clinical symptoms most fre'&ently obser$e% after the &se of
c&prophan heom%ialyers"
#ect&re 2. (Hy%rogels) /ro$i%e a complete %efinition of the term hy%rogel!"
escribe the $ario&s chemical schemes that can participate in the
constr&ct&ion of a hy%rogel networ"
What is meant by the phrase hy%rogel water content can $ary from 01-
4!5"
How is swell beha$ior characterie% empirically5"
What is meant by the term s&pramacromolec&le!5
What two characteristics %etermine the sie of a swollen hy%rogel networ5"
What is meant by the term xerogel!5"
What is the chemical nat&re of chitosan an% where is ti %eri$e%5" How are xerogels an% hy%rogels &se% in %r&g %eli$ery applications"
#ist fi$e nat&rally occ&rring hy%rogels"
#ist the f&nctions of biological hy%rogels"
#ist fi$e synthetic hy%rogels"
What are the common chemical attrib&tes of h%rogels5
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What is meant by the term polyelectrolyte hy%rogels6 an% how are they
&se%5"
ifferentiate between hyla&ronic aci% an% alginic aci% in terms of str&ct&re
an% f&nction"
escribe a scheme for encaps&lating cells in a biocompatible hy%rogel coating
&sing polyelectrolytes"
#ect&re 2-(7pplications in pthalmology)
escribe the chemical nat&re of polyacrylates!"
How are poly(acrylates) synthesie%"
escribe fo&r significant e$ents in the historical %e$elopment of contact lens"
escribe why the original /**7 contact lens were not as biocompatible as
pH8*7 lens"
ifferentiate p**7 an% pH8*7"
#ist the properties that mae pH8*7 &sef&l as a contact lens material"
#ist three ways by which contact lens can be fabricate%" What is a cataract"
What is meant my the term 9#!"
#ist the common materials &se% for maing intraoc&lar lens"
What was the firs materials &se% for maing 9#6s an% why was it chosen:"
What are the most common complications with 9#6s"
What animal mo%el is generally &se% in the %e$elopment of 9#6s an% why is
it &se%"
What is meant by the term calification!"
What type of a%%iti$es are a%%e% to 9#6s to protect the retina"
What are the two ma;or ca&ses of lens opacification5" What is meant by a 3-pience lens!"
What is the chemical nat&re of the calcification"
Lecture 2 7pplications)
n a broa% le$el, list the $ario&s types of biomaterials"
From an engineering perspecti$e, what are the a%$antages of &sing metals as
biomaterials"
#ist . applications of metals an% pro$i%e specific examples of %e$ices an% their
&ses"
#ist se$eral physical properties that are characteristics of metals"
#ist se$eral chemical properties that are characteristics of metals"
/ro$i%e a simple chemical %efinition of metals"
#ist three common lattice types an% %escribe how they are relate% to mechanical
properties"
What is meant by the statement the %etails of the processing can strongly affect
the mechanical properties of a metal!"
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What is meant by the term grain formation!"
From a str&ct&ral perspecti$e, what is meant by the term phase!"
escribe two %efects in lattice architect&re an% pro$i%e an explanation of how
they affect mechanical beha$ior of the soli%"
What is meant by the term fatig&e fail&re!" How are the mechanical properties of the metal relate% to its internal str&ct&re5"
escribe two metho%s of increasing the strength of a metal"
What is meant by the term alloy!"
What are the two principle types of alloys"
#ist se$eral important alloys an% their &ses"
What is meant by the term strain har%ening!"
#ist three common metals &se% as biomaterials"
For long term &se, What metals are preferre% an% why"
escribe the principal components of the total artificial nee an% pro$i%e a list of
materials"
escribe the ma;or ca&se of re$ision s&rgery with the ?@A
Lecture 29 (Ceramics and glasses)
ifferentiate the terms ceramic an% glass!"
How %o metals compare with ceramics in terms of physical properties5"
What are the generally accepte% a%$antages an% %isa%$antages of &sing ceramics
as biomaterials5"
#ist se$eral orthope%ic applications of ceramics" #ist se$eral %ental applications of ceramics"
What are the fo&r most commonly s&e% ceramics5"
What is meant by the term osteintegration! an% how is it achie$e%"
escribe the $ario&s possible concept&al interactions of ceramics an% tiss&e"
escribe a generic processing scheme for processing a ceramic implant"
#ist two commonly &se% str&ct&ral bioceramics"
/ro$i%e two common fail&re mechanisms of the total artificial hip"
What is the composition of %ental porcelain5"
What is meant by the term calci&m phosphates!"
What is the inorganic component of bones an% teeth5" #ist se$eral ways that calci&m hy%roxyapatite is in the biome%ical %e$ice
in%&stry"
What is meant by the term bioceramic coating!5 an%, what is a rationale for their
&se5"
What is meant by the term tiss&e engineering!"
escribe a tiss&e engineering scheme to replace bone in a %efecti$e man%ible
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Lecture 30 (Adhesives and Sealents)
efine the terms a%hesion! an% a%hesi$e!"
What is meant by the term sealant!"
How are a%hesi$es an% sealants &se% as biomaterials5"
#ist se$eral ways that can be &se% to classify a%hesi$e materials" 7s an %esign engineer, what generally nee%s to be consi%ere% in the selection of a
partic&lar a%hesi$e5"
#ist the factors that %etermine the breaing strength of an a%hesi$e ;oint"
#ist fo&r common a%hesi$es"
ifferentiate between %ifferent bon%ing mechanisms"
What is meant by the term s&rface treatment! an% how %o the $ario&s treatments
increase a%hesi$e bon% strength"
ifferentiate between the $ario&s terms &se% in fail&re analysis"
ifferentiate between the two ma;or types of a%hesi$es an% pro$i%e an example of
each" What is meant by the term light c&re% system!"
escribe some of the f&n%amental characteristics of light c&re a%hesi$es"
What are some of the typical applications of light c&re a%hesi$es"
From an biome%ical engineering perspecti$e, what are the benefits of a%hesi$es"
From an biome%ical engineering perspecti$e, what are the limitations of
a%hesi$es"
n the basis of their limitations, %ifferentiate between cyanacrylate a%hesi$es,
light c&re% acrylate a%hesi$es" epoxy a%hesi$es" an% poly&rethane a%hesi$es"
Lecture 31 (Biomaterials in Dentistr)
What is meant by the term a%hesi$e %entistry!5"
escribe how sealants are &se%"
What is a glass ionomer cement an% how is it &se%"
Class ionomer restorations are bacteriostatic- explain"
Class iomers are composites-explain"
What is the most common %ental resin &se% in composite restorations5"
What is meant by the term inorganic filler!5"
How are restorations lie s&staine% release! form&lations5
Lecture 32-33 (!iodegrada!le materials) Dsing graphical representation, show what is meant by the term polymer
%egra%ation!"
/ro$i%e a rationale for the &se of %egra%able materials in orthope%ic me%icine"
#ist se$eral a%$antages for the &se of bio%egra%able implants"
/ro$i%e fo&r general str&ct&ral form&las %epicting %egra%able f&nctional gro&ps"
Be able to i%entify the most liely hy%rolytic sites in common str&ct&ral form&lae"
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#ist se$eral nat&ral an% se$eral synthetic %egra%able polymers &se% in me%ical
applications"
What are the a%$antages of synthetic %egra%able polymers o$er nat&ral ones5"
&tline the synthesis of poly(glycolic aci%)"
With a graph, %escribe how $arying the ratio of /C7 to /#7 infl&ences the time of
%egra%ation of the co-polymer" What are the two most common mechanisms of bio%egra%ation5"
With respect to biome%ical %e$ice %esign, %ifferentiate between s&rface an% b&l
%egra%ation"
#ist the most important factors that affect the beha$ior of %egra%able polymers"
#ist fi$e common metho%s for st&%ying polymer %egra%ation"
What wo&l% a comparison of ?gs tell yo& abo&t the %egra%ation of two %ifferent
/C#7 copolymers"
How is a$erage molec&lar weight infl&ence% o$er time5"
What metho%s wo&l% yo& &se to st&%y how a$erage molec&lar weight is affecte% o$er
time" #ist se$eral me%ical specialties which mae &se of %egra%able materials an% pro$i%e
specific examples of their applications"
Lecture 3" (#$ and Biomaterial %rocessing)
What is meant by the term tiss&e engineering scaffol%!"
escribe how a poro&s scaffol% wo&l% be prepare% &sing the sol$ent casting metho%"
ifferentiate between the terms particle leaching, ball leaching an% filament leaching"
What are the ma;or consi%eration when &sing a leaching process to create a poro&s
scaffol% or s&bstrate"
What are the ma;or metho%s for creating poro&s tiss&e engineering scaffol%s"
What is the %ifference between melt spinning an% electrospinning processes"
escribe a simple way to create a scaffol% &sing thermoplastic filaments"
9n the f&t&re, how is it en$isione% that imaging can be integrate% into the man&fact&re
of tiss&es for therape&tic &se5"