2002 IMECE,2002 IMECE,New OrleansNew Orleans
The History of Engineering The History of Engineering Radiation Heat TransferRadiation Heat Transfer
John R. HowellJohn R. Howell
The University of Texas at AustinThe University of Texas at Austin
USAUSA
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Radiation history begins much Radiation history begins much earlier than for other modes earlier than for other modes
Experiments and observations with lightExperiments and observations with light Discovery of the IR, UV spectral regionsDiscovery of the IR, UV spectral regions Quantifying the basic phenomena (energy Quantifying the basic phenomena (energy
vs. T, wavelength, transfer among vs. T, wavelength, transfer among surfaces)surfaces)
Engineering applications of the physicsEngineering applications of the physics
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Isaac Newton and the Isaac Newton and the “corpuscular theory”“corpuscular theory”
Sir Isaac Newton(1642-1727)
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Huyghens disagrees with Newton, Huyghens disagrees with Newton, proposes light is made of wavesproposes light is made of waves
Christiaan Huyghens
(1629-1695)
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Lambert shows the variation of Lambert shows the variation of radiation with surface angleradiation with surface angle
Johann Heinrich Lambert
(1728-1777)
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Sir William Herschel (1738-1822)Sir William Herschel (1738-1822)discovers “invisible light” discovers “invisible light”
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Herschel’s Experiment uncovers Herschel’s Experiment uncovers the infrared spectrum the infrared spectrum
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Nobili and Melloni provide Nobili and Melloni provide the accurate toolsthe accurate tools
Leopoldo Nobili
(1784-1835)
Macedonio Melloni
(1798-1854)
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
John William Draper (1811-1882) John William Draper (1811-1882) just misses the Tjust misses the T44 relation relation
(1847)(1847)
00
10 1012
20 1012
30 1012
40 1012
50 1012
60 1012
70 1012
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0
Intensity
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Kirchhoff describes the relations Kirchhoff describes the relations between surface propertiesbetween surface properties
Gustav KirchhoffGustav Kirchhoff
(1824-1887)(1824-1887)
, ,
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Stefan and Boltzmann find the Stefan and Boltzmann find the Fourth Power LawFourth Power Law
Josef StefanJosef Stefan1835-18931835-1893
Ludwig BoltzmannLudwig Boltzmann 1844-19061844-1906
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
John Ericsson’s Hot Air Engine: John Ericsson’s Hot Air Engine: after the after the MonitorMonitor
John EricssonJohn Ericsson1803-18991803-1899
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
James Clerk Maxwell solidifies James Clerk Maxwell solidifies EM TheoryEM Theory
James Clerk James Clerk MaxwellMaxwell
1831-18791831-1879
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Lummer and Pringsheim Lummer and Pringsheim measure the Blackbody measure the Blackbody
SpectrumSpectrum
Lummer-type photometerLummer-type photometer
Ernst Pringsheim1859-1917
Otto Lummer1860-1925
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Lord Rayleigh, Sir James Jeans Lord Rayleigh, Sir James Jeans and Willy Wien try to derive the and Willy Wien try to derive the
blackbody characteristicsblackbody characteristics
Rayleigh Rayleigh (1842-1919)(1842-1919)
JeansJeans(1877-1946)(1877-1946)
Wien Wien (1864-1928)(1864-1928)
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Max Planck ponders the Max Planck ponders the Blackbody Spectral DistributionBlackbody Spectral Distribution
Max PlanckMax Planck1858-19471858-1947
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Comparing classical approaches Comparing classical approaches with the quantum resultwith the quantum result
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Hoyt Hottel initiates Engineering Hoyt Hottel initiates Engineering Radiation Heat TransferRadiation Heat Transfer
Hoyt C. HottelHoyt C. Hottel
(1903-1998)(1903-1998)
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Space-related Thermal Control Space-related Thermal Control drives research on radiationdrives research on radiation
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Advanced Propulsion Systems:Advanced Propulsion Systems:Solid-Core Nuclear RocketsSolid-Core Nuclear Rockets
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Advanced Propulsion Systems:Advanced Propulsion Systems:Gas-Core Nuclear RocketsGas-Core Nuclear Rockets
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Continued Development of Solar Continued Development of Solar Energy ApplicationsEnergy Applications
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Manufacturing processes: IR-Manufacturing processes: IR-Cure-Initiated Filament WindingCure-Initiated Filament Winding
Mandrel
Computational domainthickness H
Incoming tape with velocity Vand temperature T
Infrared heatsource
R
Y
X
X = R
Tin
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Applications Driving Present Applications Driving Present ResearchResearch
Advanced manufacturing methodsAdvanced manufacturing methods
semiconductor wafers, chips, circuit boards, laser- semiconductor wafers, chips, circuit boards, laser-
surface interactionssurface interactions Micro- and nanoscale interactionsMicro- and nanoscale interactions Thermal stresses in large-scale structures Thermal stresses in large-scale structures
(space station)(space station) Radiation in large fires and combustion systemsRadiation in large fires and combustion systems Radiative transfer effects at higher temperatures Radiative transfer effects at higher temperatures
utility furnaces, jet enginesutility furnaces, jet engines
2002 IMECE,New Orleans
Applications Driving Present Applications Driving Present Research (Cont.)Research (Cont.)
Improved spectral full-field radiative diagnostic Improved spectral full-field radiative diagnostic techniquestechniques
Continued improvement of analytical techniques Continued improvement of analytical techniques and experimental and predictive sources for and experimental and predictive sources for radiative transfer data radiative transfer data
anisotropic scattering anisotropic scattering
spectral propertiesspectral properties