DNARNA
(gene)----RNADNA..,,DNADNA
DNA
RNA
1958F.CrickRNA
DNADNADNADNARNA RNADNARNADNADNADNA
DNADNADNA
1.413dNTP(dATP,dGTP,dCTP,dTTP)DNARNA)DNADNADNADNA)RNADNA DNASSBRPA DNAligase)
DNA4dNTPDNAdNTP 3OH(RNA)5 3DNA
2.DNA
(Replicon)::DNA
50000bp/min3000bp/min
DNA(1)1958MeselsonStahl14N15NCsClDNA
DNA(2)1963Cairns3HDNADNA
19681Kb-2Kb 100-200bpRNA
DNAdNTP35DNA
3.DNA(1)(2)(3)
DNARNADNA35
RNARNADNARNA(reverse transcriptase, RT) RNADNARNase H RNA/DNA RNADNA DNADNADNA3`5`
cDNAmRNAmRNADNAmRNADNA(cDNA)cDNA(cDNA library)
RNADNADNARNARNADNARNARNARNA,RNARNA
DNARNANTPATPGTPCTPUTPRNA53 DNA DNARNA35
RNA473RNArRNAtRNA(1)rRNARNase(2)tRNARNAase PRNARNAtRNA3tRNA3CCAOH3mRNA
RNA(1)rRNA(rRNArRNARNAsnoRNA)rRNA(2)tRNAtRNA(3)mRNAhnRNARNA)
mRNAhnRNARNA)5 m7G5ppp5 Np-3 poly(A)
RNARNA 491RNARNARNARNARNARNARNA
DNADNADNA cDNA4362,45,610,11,13,14 5032,18
GTP
TranslationmRNAtRNA,mRNA
1. 511mRNA5 3(1961) mRNA3
2.513UAGUGAUAA AUGmRNAtRNA
mRNA tRNA GTPATP( )Mg2+K+-tRNA
1.mRNADNAmRNA
mRNASDAUG10SD16SRNA37AUG
2.tRNAmRNA3-CCA-tRNA ()
tRNA Phe
3. 522ribosome (rRNA)
mRNAAacceptor site)P(donor site ).GTP
4.tRNA
1.(-tRNA())2.
mRNAmRNA53NC
GTP1-tRNAATPGTPGDPGTPGDPGTPGDPGTPGDP
GGTPGTP GDP
30ATP?
mRNA
AUG20 (N)(SRP)(SRP)
1
2
3
SD3382,79375355162,55373,45,67,8
(origin of replication, ori):DNA 200bp(ori C245 bp)( terminate of replication, ter)DACB23bpTusterminator utilization substance
DNA1Kb-2Kb 100-200bp1964TeminRousRNADNA RNARNADNATeminDRNARNA RNATeminDNARNA1970Temin RouseBaltimore
mRNADNA(cDNA)cDNA(cDNA library): mRNA