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Tour du Valat
09/10/2018
Eva Tankovic
(Initiative PIM)
Lina Emmanouilidou
(Université de Limoges, CRIDEAU,
CIDCE)
Zones humides insulaires: comment les protéger efficacement?
Mediterranean Islands Wetlands
Ramsar Convention Resolution XII.14
Mediterranean islands wetlands : an estimation
• 160 islands and islets
• ~14500 wetlands naturals & artificials
• > 0,1 ha
Mediterranean partners
OBJECTIVES
• Documentation of mediterranean islands
wetlands through national inventories
• Dissemination of knowledge to public and
authorities
• Promotion of their protection at the national and
meditteranean scale
• Restoration of at least one wetland per country
• Kick-off Meeting – Crete (7-
9 November 2017)
• Pre-COP Ramsar – Rep.
Tchèque (19-23 March
2018)
• Sardinian meeting – June
2018
METHODOLOGY
- Pre-inventories via
Google Earth
- In situ visits
- Implementation of
National Databases
Scan thoroughly all
the islands
- Naturals &
artificials
- Not linear
systems
- > 0,1 ha
Pre-inventories
Pre-inventories
Delineation
• Modification with in situ visit
• Area : Wetland + protection
zone
• Include degraded wetland areas
(for restoration)
• Includes estuaries + part of the
sea
• With human activities
FIRST RESULTS
CORSICA
• 933 WETLANDS
• 134 Artificials
• 799 Naturals
SARDINIA
• 2428 WETLANDS
• 1735 Artificials
• 693 Naturals
SICILY• 11984 WETLANDS
• Mostly artificials
• 2153 delineated
METHODOLOGY
- Pre-inventories via
Google Earth
- In situ visits
- Implementation of
National Databases
In situ visits
Common methodology
Rapid assesment:
-Habitats
-Fauna/Flora
-Activities
-Threats
-…
Yes
No
In situ visits
Field Sheet A. BASIC INFORMATION
1. Date of the inventory:_________________________________ 2. Name of the recorder:_________________________________
3. Wetland's code: _________________________________ 4. Wetland's name: _________________________________
5. General wetland description:
Wetland's location: Marine/Coastal Inland
Salinity: Fresh (< 0.5 g/l) Brackish (0.5-18.0 g/l) Salty (> 18.0 g/l)
Presence of water: Permanent Seasonal Temporary/Intermittent Uknown
Free water surface (%): <5 5-25 26-50 51-75 76-95 >95
6. Wetland type:
7. Freshwater inflow: 8. Water outflow:
Natural Artificial Catchment area (precipitation) Outflow controlled by spillway
Salt pan/Salt flats/ Sebkhas Salt Marsh Torrent / Stream - Unconfined aquifer Outflow controlled by pipeline
Estuary Dam lake Karstic spring Outflow controlled by lock gate
Lake Excavations/gravel/brick/clay pit pool Drilling Outflow from lakeshore or river
Seasonal saltwater pond Reservoir Unknown Outflow controlled by dam
Seasonal freshwater pond Concrete reservoir Other No obvious water outflow
Marsh/Swamp Membrane covered reservoir Unknown
River / Stream Saline Other
Lagoon Mining pool
Permanent saltwater pond Wastewater treatment area
Karstic spring River barrier
Wetland system
Permanent freshwater pond
Sand bars and spits
B. CONDITION – ACTIVITIES – IMPACTS – VALUES
1. Wetland’s condition (only for natural wetlands): 0 - Unknown
1- Untouched. No signs of man-made changes
2- Original habitats/landform still predominant (>50%)
3- Original habitats/landform partially modified (10-50% untouched)
4- Original habitats/landform highly modified (<10% untouched)
5- Original habitats/landform totally changed
2. Site tenure Public Private Other
3. Human activities in 00 = Management for conservation wetland w.basin 530 = Improved access to site
010 = Habitat conservation 590 = Other forms of transportation and communication
020 = Resource conservation 60 = Leisure and tourism wetland w.basin
030 = Species conservation 600 = Sport and leisure structures
040 = Land restoration 601 = golf course
090 = Other conservation activities 603 = stadium
10 = Agriculture forestry wetland w.basin 604 = circuit track
Remarks (wetland description):
Remarks:
Biological Value (only for artificial wetlands):
Negative | Neutral |Low | Medium | High
- Field visits started for
Sardinia and Sicily
- 129 wetlands inventoried in
Sardinia
- Field visits foreseen in 2019
for Corsica
In situ visits
METHODOLOGY
- Pre-inventories via
Google Earth
- In situ visits
- Implementation of
National Databases
Table: wetlands.xlsxMain table containing basic information on wetlands
Retrieve data from Dictionaries:
Dict_Regions, Dict_Islands, Dict_Municipalities, Dict_Nuts,
Dict_North, Dict_WaterBasins, Dict_Location, Dict_Category,
Dict_Salinity, Dict_Water Inflow, Dict_Water Outflow,
Dict_Persent, Dict_Persence of water, Dict_MedWet condition,
Dict_naturalness, Dict_biological value, Dict_Land Ownership
• All tables are connected to the main one with the
wetland’s code
• Literature added to each secondary table,
automatically is added to the table: References
Table: Habitats.xlsxTable with data about habitat types
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Habitat types,
Dict_Persent, Dict_References
Table: Vegetation.xlsxTable with data about vegetation
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Vegetation
types, Dict_Persent, Dict_References
Table: Flora.xlsxTable with data about Flora species
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Flora species,
Dict_Dominant, Dict_References
Table: Invertebrates.xlsxTable with data about Invertebrates
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Invertebrates
species, Dict_Fauna presence, Dict_References
Table: Avifauna.xlsxTable with data about the birds
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Bird species,
Dict_Number, Dict_Nesting, Dict_References
Table: Mammals.xlsxTable with data about the mammals
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Mammal
species, Dict_Fauna presence, Dict_References
Table: Fish.xlsxTable with data about the fishes
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_fish species,
Dict_Fauna presence, Dict_References
Table: Ampibians.xlsxTable with data about the amphibians
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Amphibians
species, Dict_Fauna presence, Dict_References
Table: Reptiles.xlsxTable with data about the reptiles
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Reptile species,
Dict_Fauna presence, Dict_References
Table: Ramsar.xlsxTable with data about ramsar wetlands types
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Ramsar types,
Dict_Persent, Dict_References
Table: Impacts.xlsxTable with data about human impacts
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Impacts,
Dict_Intensity, Dict_References
Table Values.xlsxTable with data about wetlands values
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Values,
Dict_References
Table: ActivitiesWetland.xlsxTable with data about activities in wetlands
Retrieve data from Dict: Dict_ActivitiesWetland,
Dict_Intensity, Dict_References
Table: ActivitiesWaterbasin.xlsxTable with data about activities in water basin
Retrieve data from Dict: Dict_ActivitiesBasin,
Dict_Intensity, Dict_References
Table: CDDA Areas.xlsxTable with data about wetlands in CDDA areas
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_CDDA
categories
Table: ProtectionStatus.xlsxTable with data about wet in protection statuses
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Protection
Categories, Dict_Wildlife Refuge,
Dict_NaturaGreece
Table: OtherProtectionStatus.xlsxTable with data about wet in protection statuses
Retrieve data from Dict: Dict_Other Protection
Status
Table: IUCN categories.xlsxTable with data about wetlands in IUCN areas
Retrieve data from Dict: Dict_IUCNCategories
Table: Wetlands in IBA.xlsxTable with data about wetlands in IBA areas
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_IBAGreece,
Dict_References
Table: NationalInventory.xlsxTable with data about wets in national invent.
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_National
Inventory, Dict_References
Table: DataEntry.xlsxTable with data about visits & data entry in DB
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_Actions,
Dict_Names
Table: References.xlsxTable with references
Retrieve data from Dictionary: Dict_References
National Databases
GLOBAL FIRST RESULTS
Island wetlands will have been inventoried and documented
• Database construction in progress
France, Italy, Malta, Croatia, Turkey, Tunisia, Spain
• Pre-inventories finished in all islands
• Field visits
>408 wetlands in 43 islands visited so far
• Inventory reports in progress
• Presentations in international
congresses/workshops/seminars
4 oral & 8 poster presentations
GLOBAL FIRST RESULTS
Conservation measures will be promoted in Mediterranean,
national & local scale and relevant stakeholders will be fully
aware
• Legal framework study/proposal on island wetland protection
in progress
Cyprus, France, Italy, Croatia
• Lobbying of pertinent authorities and stakeholders
All partners are in close contact with authorities
• Citizens informed
>1700 people in 29 events
• Lobbying at E.U. level
Pre-COP, working on WWF EPO strategy for water framework
directive
Étude sur le cadre juridique
• L’objectif du projet MédisWet est de mettre en œuvre la
Résolution XII.14
Méthodologie de la partie « policy »:
• Analyser les obligations découlant de la Résolution
• Identifier les difficultés de sa mise en œuvre
• Élaborer une stratégie « science to policy » qui implique les
acteurs centraux et locaux
• Lobbying auprès des autorités compétentes
1. Analyse de la résolution
1. Analyse de la résolution
• Les quatre pylônes de la Résolution:
Inventorier Surveiller ProtégerIntégrer
« Protection juridique efficace »
• Celle qui prévoit les obligations directement
applicables de la Résolution XII.14
• Celle qui interdit les activités qui dégradent les
zones humides
• Celle qui prévoit des actions de restauration et
de maintien des zones humides en bon état
écologique
• Celle qui prévoit la participation du public et la
possibilité d’avoir recours en justice
Protéger
LE CADRE JURIDIQUE EXISTANT EN FRANCE
Législation
sur l’Eau
Législation sur
la Biodiversité
Droit
internationalDroit de
l’UE
Droit national
Aménage-
ment du
territoire
Protection par:
•Attribution d’un statut de
protection
•Contrôle des activités autorisées
en milieu humide
•Mise en place des contrats de
gestion et des mesures
financières
•Intégration dans les documents
d’urbanisme
2. Les difficultés de mise en œuvre
• La Résolution a une importance différente pour chaque pays et les
difficultés y en dépendent
France Italie Chypre
Difficile de tirer l’attention des
autorités aux ZHI car peu d’îles en
Métropole
Difficulté à la communication avec
les autorités centrales
La mise en œuvre de la Résolution
est synonyme de la mise en œuvre
de la Convention de Rasmsar
Beaucoup des mesures qui se
superposent
Problème avec partage des
compétences entre État et Régions
Absence de cadre juridique pour les
zones humides, très faible mesures
de protection de la nature
3. Élaboration d’une stratégie en france
Stratégie « science to policy »:
•Utiliser l’expertise scientifique à la formulation
des politiques publiques et l’élaboration des
normes juridiques
•Traduire les enjeux écologiques en langage
politique
•Absence de consensus scientifique: principe de
précaution
3. Élaboration d’une stratégie en france
France: Une Stratégie pour les Iles et une Stratégie Case by Case
Faire attendre aux administrations centrales et
décentralisées l’importance de protéger les ZHI
Ajouter des actions concrètes
dans le Plan d’Action milieux humides et
la Stratégie nationale pour la Biodiversité
Faire valider l’inventaire MedIsWet par
l’administration (ministère, OEC, DREALs)
Participer aux révisions de documents d’urbanisme
& d’aménagement pour ajouter les ZH
manquantes
Diffuser un guide pour l’action pour les ZHI aux
ONG et grand public
Quoi faire en cas de constat de
dégradation d’une ZH
Utiliser les données de l’inventaire pour proposer
une protection ciblée: case by case
Identifier les ZH qui satisfont les conditions de
divers statuts de protection
• COP 13 Ramsar
Dubaï (21-29 octobre 2018)
• 2nd Mediterranean Plant Conservation
Week Malte (12-16 Novembre 2018)
• Policy at national and UE level
• Explore more funds for field work and
restorations
PERSPECTIVES
Merci !
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