Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density

Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density

Dr. Natalia Stryzhakova, Deputy R&D Director

Supercapacitors Europe, Berlin, April 17-18, 2013

Table of contents

1. Brief company presentation

2. C/C supercapacitors: YUNASKO approach to reduce ESR and RC values

3. YUNASKO hybrid devices

4. Conclusions and Acknowledgements

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3

About Yunasko

YUNASKO Ltd is registered in the UK since Feb. 2010 and has the subsidiary company: YUNASKO-Ukraine with R&D, Design Bureau and Pilot Plant (team 60+).

The core R&D team has 23 years of experience in UC technology. Previous R&D projects included:- Idaho National Laboratory (1996-1997)- Superfarad/Skeleton Technologies (1996-2002)- Ener1 Group (2004-2005)- APowerCap Technologies (2006-2009)

Pilot Plant managers have wide experience in the capacitor industry (former “Kation” Plant in Ukraine).

Near perspectives: scale production in Europe and Asia.


4

Energy storage system classification

2-6 Wh/kg; 1-10 kW/kgEDLC ACAC

Battery BN BP 15-200 Wh/kg; 1-5 kW/kg

ACBN

AC BPInternalSerialHybrids

10-20 Wh/kg; ~2 kW/kg

AC/LMOAC/LTOInternalParallelHybrids

D.Cericola et al. J.Power Sources, 2011, v.196, p.10305-10313D.Cericola, R. Kötz. Electrochim. Acta, 2012, v.72, p.1-17.


5

EDLC vs. Hybrid capacitor (HC)

NPT CCC111

EDLC

2)(NP

T

CC

1. Capacitance

HC(Internal Serial)

)(NPT CC

2. Resistance

3. Voltage

W.G.Pell, B.E.Conway. J.Power Source, 2004, v.136, p.334-345


Low internal resistance, Rin - key advantage of SC devices in various applications

Heat generation = ʃI2Rint (low heat generation implies simple design and safety)

Efficiency = RLoad/(RLoad + Rin)(high efficiency is important for KERS and many other applications)

Power output ~ 1/ Rin

(high power density allows to meet customer requirements with less mass)

Also MASS and COST reduction!6

Quick response (low RC-constant)(is important for grid frequency regulation)


rAl-C ~ 0.01

rC ~ 0.07

Thus: rEl ~ 0.9

“pore resistance” ~ 0.7

SC resistivity (in W.cm2)

total ~ 1.0

Though: rEl-in-bulk ~ 0.2

Yunasko approach to reduce R and RC

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8

Correlation of diffusion coefficients in pores with SC resistance

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 161

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

Diffusion coefficient, D, 10-10 m2/s

EDLC

resi

stiv

ity, R

, Ohm

.cm

2

Diffusion coefficients of BF4- anions and EtMe3N+cations in NP carbons

(pulsed field-gradient 19F NMR measurements, see: Y. Cohen, L. Avram, L. Frish; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2005, 44, p.520 )

1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.20.5

0.7

0.9

1.1

1.3

1.5

1.7

Diffusion coefficient, D, 10-10 m2/sED

LC re

sist

ivity

, R, O

hm.c

m2


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Correlation of diffusion coefficients in pores with SC resistance

Diffusion coefficients of Fc+ cations in NP carbons (Rotating Disc Electrode measurements, see: A.J.Bard, L.R.Faulkner; Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications (2nd ed.); Wiley, 2001, p.335 )

NOTE: in bulk solution

Deff = 10.1×10-10 m2/s


RC-constant comparison1

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1) source: JME and ITS test results, also Producer’s site;2) non-acetonitrile based electrolyte

Nippon Chemi-Con2

Maxwell Technologies

Ioxus

Nesscap

BatScap

Wima

Yunasko

1.1 s

0.5 ÷ 0.7 s

~ 0.7 s

0.5 ÷ 0.7 s

0.4 ÷ 0.5 s

~ 0.7 s

0.15 ÷ 0.20 s


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Recent Yunasko SC modules

15 V, 200 F:

max working voltage 16.2 V max surge voltage 18.0 V dc pulse resistance 0.5 mΩmass 2.5 kg (equipped with voltage balancing system and temperature sensor)


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Yunasko competitive advantage: low heat generation

Continuous cycling the module over 8 hours

basic city duty cycle

ΔT:cells in the centre

cells at the edge


YUNASKO hybrid device

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Operation voltage

2.7 ÷ 1.35 V

Capacity 1250 mAh

Weight 75 g

Operation temperature

-40 ÷ +60 °C


Yunasko hybrids - Ragone plot

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Hybrid capacitor cycle life


0 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000060

80

100

120

140

160

180

Q/Q

0 (R/R

0), %

Cycle number

Charge/discharge 20A CC Q/Q

0 R/R

0

Test resultsDevice C,

F

ESR,

mW

RC,

sec

Energy,

Wh/kg

Power(95% eff),

kW/kg

Match.Imped.Power,kW/kg

Maxwell Tech a 605 .90 .55 2.4 1.1 9.6

Maxwell Tech c 1200 .29 .35 3.9 2.5 22.5

Ioxus a 2000 .54 1.1 4.0 0.9 8.2

Ioxus c 3000 .17 .51 4.5 2.4 21.5

NessCap a 3160 .4 1.3 4.4 1.0 8.7

BatScap a 2680 .2 .54 4.2 2.05 18.2

Yunasko a,b 1200 .11 .13 4.6 9.7 85.9Yunasko a,b 1500 .10 .13 4.6 9.2 81.9Yunasko c 1200 .08 .10 4.3 11.0 95.3Yunasko-hybrid a,c 6000 1.0 6.0 36 4.5 ~40JSR Micro a 2000 1.9 3.8 12 1.0 9.2

a) ITS test results;b) JME test results;c) YUNASKO test results for BCAP1200 P270 K2, RSC2R7308 LR, SP4 16


Conclusions

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1. Yunasko has found a method to significantly reduce ESR (US and EU patents pending).

2. Due to low ESR Yunasko devices demonstrate the highest power density and do not require active cooling in many applications.

3. YUNASKO hybrid devices based on mechanical mixture of LIB and SC components provide the energy density of 36 W.h/kg accompanied by low internal resistance and good cycle life.

4. Optimal market niches for hybrid devices can be related with the tasks that require the operation at high power but at the same time specific energy of SC devices is not enough.


Acknowledgements

Special thanks to my R&D and Design Bureau colleagues: Dr. Y.Maletin, Dr. S.Zelinskyi, Dr. D.Tretyakov, S.Chernukhin,S.Podmogilny, S.Tychina, O.Gozhenko, A.Maletin, D.Drobny, and A.Slezin

Our Pilot Plant and Administrative Department: For the great support, diligence and dedication to work

Many thanks to Dr. Andrew F. Burke (ITS) and Dr. John R. Miller (JME) for their measurements and stimulating discussions

Financial support from FP7 Project # 286210 (Energy Caps) is very much acknowledged

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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Please visit us at: www.yunasko.com

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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density