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Vadim Utkin, CEO
ULTRACAPACITORS AND HYBRID DEVICES: FAST CHARGE-DISCHARGE AND HIGH EFFICIENCY
NEEDS FOR ENERGY STORAGE IN AEROSPACE
▶ Emergency power back up ▶ Portable equipment (torches, megaphones, defibrillators, etc.) ▶ Unmanned aircrafts
TYPICAL REQUIREMENTS:
▶ Fast charging (5 seconds … 5 minutes range) ▶ High safety (no explosion or fire risks, no thermal runaway, lithium content limitations) ▶ Extended lifetime (up to 10 years at rated voltage) ▶ High reliability ▶ The lowest volume/mass/cost possible
Battery is not the best solution for the aerospace application where high power/fast charge and operation under extreme environment are required… see the next slide
PARAMETER BATTERY ULTRACAPACITOR Energy density 100Wh/kg 10Wh/kg Power density 1kW/kg 10kW/kg Efficiency ~80% >90% Cyclability 400 – 2500 1,000,000 Calendar life Short (4..6 years) Long (15+ years) Low temperature -20°C -40°C High temperature +60°C +85°C Principle Electrochemical Electrostatic
Death Sudden Predictable
BATTERY VS ULTRACAPACITOR
Ultracapacitors are all about power, unlimited cycling, safety and predictable life. This is über reliable short term energy storage
UNMANNED AIRCRAFT APPLICATION
Batteries vs fuel cells. Source: http://www.hes.sg 2016
Battery is not the best solution for unmanned aircraft application due to weight constrains. However, an obvious drawback of fuel cells is lack of power output needed for takeoff and maneuvering.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Fuel cell Energy Li-ion battery
High power Li-ion battery
YUNASKO ultracapacitor
Powe
r den
sity,
kW/kg
POWER DENSITY OF VARIOUS TECHNOLOGIES
Ultracapacitor can provide substantial power to the system with the lowest weight among the energy storage devices
SOLUTION: ULTRACAP AND FUEL CELL COMBINATION
ULTRACAPACITOR
FUEL CELL
POWER SUPPLY TAKEOFF AND MANEUVERING
STEADY FLIGHT
Charging Providing energy for extending the flying range
Ultracapacitors effectively load level the fuel cell providing enough power for peak power demands, improving reliability and safety and extend the life of the energy storage system
YUNASKO’s TECHNOLOGY ADVANTAGE Low internal resistance resulting in:
3-5 times higher power than anyone else on the market à lower weight and cost of the system
2 times more available energy à deliver more energy within time interval up to 6s and/or high current/power rate
3 times lower heat generation à no active cooling required, improved safety
POWER CONVERTS TO MONEY Test results verified by independent experts … see next slides
INDEPENDENT TESTS OF ULTRACAPACITORS (as tested by Dr. John R. Miller together with Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH)
YUNASKO is 2-3 times better in power (efficiency) than closest competitors J. R. Miller, S. M. Butler, S. McNeal. Life Performance of Large Electrochemical Capacitors. Proc. 46th Power Sources Conference, Paper # 27.1, June 9-12, 2014, Orlando, FL, USA, pp. 380-381
COMPANY CAPACITANCE, F
DC RESISTANCE, µΩ
RC-CONSTANT, s
STORED ENERGY*, Wh/kg
MAX POWER**, kW/kg
Maxwell Technologies 3140 230 0.7 4.5 15.6
Ioxus 3100 230 0.7 4.3 15.5
Nippon Chemi-con 1090 860 1.1 2.8 6.3
Batscap 1290 330 0.4 4.0 24.2
YUNASKO 1230 160 0.2 4.0 50.2
* Calculated assuming discharge to half rated voltage **calculated as (0.25 x U2 ) / (ESR × mass) as per IEC 62391-2
0 20 40 60 80
100
Maxwell Ioxus YUNASKO
MAX
POW
ER, k
W/kg
INDEPENDENT TESTS OF ULTRACAPACITORS (as tested by Dr. Dennis Corrigan, Wayne State Univ., Detroit)
YUNASKO is 5X more powerful than the closest competitor
Energy retention with power increase is superior for YUNASKO devices. In other words, to meet the power/energy requirements one can use YUNASKO devices of much less size/cost
INDEPENDENT TEST RESULTS (as tested by Dr. Dennis Corrigan, Wayne State Univ., Detroit)
Yunasko cell: - 2 times more energy under high load; - high power density that can not be reached by other UC’s
Battery
Ultracapacitor
Battery
Ultracapacitor Energy
Power Cycle life Temperature performance Safety
WHAT IF BOTH POWER AND ENERGY ARE REQUIRED?
There is nothing to bridge the gap between battery and ultracapacitor in terms of energy and power. Such solution is needed for application when substantial energy and fast charging/high power are required: eg. small drones etc. – see the next slide for possible example.
RESULT: energy density has reached 30-40 W.h/kg (also confirmed by Dr. A.F. Burke tests in ITS, USA and by VW lab)
YUNASKO SOLUTION – LITHIUM-ION CAPACITOR
YUNASKO approach: Electrode level hybridization - both positive and negative electrodes comprise Li-ion and AC components with thoroughly matched potential ranges //LIC, patent pending
HIGH POWER Li-ion
ULTRACAPACITOR YUNASKO LIC
Power, kW/kg 1…3 10…50 3…5 Energy, Wh/kg 60…100 5 30…40 Charge / discharge time 15…90
minutes 3…30
seconds 2…3
minutes Cycle life <10,000 >1,000,000 >10,000 Temperature -20 0C…+60 0C -40 0C…+85 0C -40 0C…+65 0C
HYBRIDIZATION RESULTS
=
We can charge energy of lead-acid battery within 2 minutes and discharge up to 150C rate with efficiency >90%
the most effective TECHNOLOGY COMPARISON
▶ Yunasko carbon-carbon ultracapacitors (Double Layer Capacitors) can be the best solution for high power applications within the time range between 0.1…20 seconds
▶ Yunasko “parallel hybrid” Li-ion capacitor ( //LIC ) technology
with the energy density of 30… 40 W.h/kg can be the best solution for high power applications within the time range between 20… 200 seconds
INTERIM CONCLUSION
HIGH SAFETY STANDARDS
NO explosion, fire or thermal runaway
LIC
Ultracapacitor
Nail penetration moment
Yunasko has already licensed part of ultracapacitor technology to Chinese company (PowerTech): ▶ 10’000 square meters ultracapacitor manufacturing
facility ▶ Main target – plug-in and hybrid buses, windmills ▶ More info at http://yunasko.com/en/about/for-media
YUNASKO EXPERIENCE Yunasko carried out projects with a number of companies from EU and US including: VW group, PSA group, Renault, BFFT - Audi, MTS Systems – Ferrari and others Pouch–type cells
48V 165F module
MODULE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
Module designed for car producer
90V 10F module 16V 500F module 112V 28F module
NOTE: Yunasko can design other module types based on performance required and space available
SOME FURTHER R&D DIRECTIONS
▶ High voltage/high temperature UC (3.0V; 100°C) ▶ Technology for dry electrode manufacture
TO WRAP UP ▶ Ultracapacitor is ideal solution where high power/fast charge and operation under
extreme environment are required
▶ Ultracapacitors could effectively unload the fuel cell and allow to build light weight energy storage system for unmanned aircraft
▶ Yunasko is the ultracapacitor technology leader today – with the lowest resistance, highest power density, efficiency and energy
▶ Yunasko hybrid Li-ion capacitors and modules ( //LIC ) are capable of capturing the energy of Pb-acid battery within 2 min with high efficiency
COMPANY BACKGROUND AND DOMAIN COMPANY MANUFACTURING PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY
▶ Founded in 2010, in energy storage projects since 1989
▶ 51 employees: 18 in R&D, 7 PhD level
▶ Ukraine: R&D, Design Bureau and Pilot Plant
▶ London: financial and IP harbor
▶ Pilot Plant in the West of Ukraine
▶ Manufacturing in Europe and China
▶ Heavy duty UC cells from 300F to 3,000F
▶ 16V, 48V, 112V stack and module building blocks
▶ LIC with large energy (up to 40 Wh/kg) and high power (up to 5 kW/kg at >90% efficiency)
▶ Carbon-carbon ultracapacitors: organic electrolyte, proprietary design, superior power capability
▶ Parallel lithium capacitors, //LiC
▶ 4 patents granted and 13 patent applications filed
▶ Commercially available, low cost components only
TALK TO YUNASKO:
▶ If you can offer sales channels for our products ▶ If you see the right application for YUNASKO
ultracapacitors and LICs ▶ If you want to license YUNASKO technology ▶ If you see joint development opportunities
