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MARINE FISHERIES INFORMATION SERVICE

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CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE

COCHIN, INDIA

INDIAN COUNCIL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH

THE MARINE FISHERIES INFORMATION SERVICE: Technical and Extension Series envisages the rapid dissemination of information on marine and brackish water fishery resources and allied data available with the Fishery Data Centre and the Research Divisions of the Institute, results of proven researches for transfer of technology to the fish farmers and industry and of other relevant information' needed for Research and Development efforts in the marine fisheries sector.

Abbreviation — Mar. Fish. Infor. Sew. T & E Ser., No. 51 : 1983

CONTENTS

1. List of titles — Marine Fisheries Information Service T & E Series No. 1 — 50

2. Subject index

3. Author index

4. List of Bulletins and Special Publications issued from CMFRI

UST OF TITLES

MARINE FISHERIES INFORMATION SERVICE T & E SERIES NO. 1 50

No. 1. September 1978 Books

Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India for the first quarter of 1978 3-10 Cruâcean Fishery Resources Team

FAO News

Fish Production Aquapiosion—Dr. T.V.R. Piliay predicts 11

Announcement of Seminar -on "Role of traditional small-scale fisheries and coeKstal aquaculture in integrated rural development". 12-13

Highli^ts of marine products exports from India—MPEDA

Recent CMFRI Publications

rô. 2. October 1978

Estimatbn of marine fish production in India

Trends in total marine fish production in India in 1977

Marine fish production in India during January to June 1978 Fishery Resources Assessment Division

Marine Products Exports from India— MPEDA

News—India and Overseas

Books

Indian Journal of Fisheries Vol. 23,

No. (1 & 2), 1976—Contents 15-17 12

No. 3. November 1978

AH India Marine Fisheries Census, Frame Survey—1973-77 2-8 13 Intensive culture of marine prawns 9-12 14

Resources available for coastal aqua-culture in India 13 15

News—India and Overseas 13-14 16

Symposiurn on coastal aquaculture. Marine Biological Association of India— Announcement and Prospectus 15-27 17

14

15

1-2

2-3

4-12

13

13-14

14-15

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

No. 4. December 1978

Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India for the second quarter of 1978 Crustacean Fishery Resources Team

Experiment on polyculture in a brackish water fish farm in Dakshina Kan-nada (Karnataka) S. Ramamurthy, M.H. Dhulkhed, N.S. Radhakrishnan and K.K. Sukumaran


Books No. 5. Janun^y 1979

Marine fish productbn in India during July to September 1978 Fishery Resources Assessment Division


Books

ICAR Golden Jubilee transfer of technology programme of CMFRI

No' 6. Feln-uary 1979

Seminar on the role of small-scale fisheries and coastal aquaculture in integrated rurul development 6-9 December 1978, Madras — Recommendations


Books _

Small-scale fisheries at Lawson's Bay, Waltair Staff of Waltair Research Centre

No. 7. March 1979

Synopsis of Marine Prawn Fishery of India for the Third Quarter erf 1978 Crustacean Fishery Resources Team

Pollution and Fish Mortality in Chaliyar River, Mavoor P. Karuppasamy


Books

27

1-9

1 9

9-11

12-13

13

1-6

6-8

8-9

18

19

9-10 20

10-12 21

13 22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

10-13 30

1-10 31

U-12 32

12-13

13

33.

34

No. 8. April 1979

The Indian Mackerel in 1978 1-11 35 A. Noble in association with the staff of Fishery Resources Assessment Division


Books 12-13 37

No. 9. May, June, July 1979

Malpe fishing harbour inferno: an impact analysis 1-5 38 T. Jacob and G. Venkataraman in association with M.V. Pai & Staff of Fishery Resources Assessment Division

Induced breeding of the Indian white prawn Penaeus Indicus 6 39 M.S. Muthu and A. Laxminarayana

Trends in total marine fish production in India—1978 7-22 40 Fishery Resources Assessment Division

Books


No. 10. August 1979

Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India—1978 1-17 43

Crustacean Fishery Resources Team

News—India and Overseas 17-19 44-47

Books 19 48

No. 11. September 1979

Marine fish production in India during January to June 1979 1-9 49 Fishery Resources Assessment Division Impact of the Cylone of November 1978 on fishing activities at Rameswaram 9-11 50 C.R. Shanmughavelu, R. Sathiadas and S. Haja Najeemudeen in associatbn with other staff of F.R.A. Division


Books

No. 12. October 1979

12-13

13

51

52

Socio-economic implications of purse seine operations in Karnataka T. Jacob, S.K. Dharmaraja and K.K.P. Panikkar in association with the- staff of F.R.A. Division

1-8 53

A good nursery ground for tiger prawns located in Kerala 8-9 54 C. Suseelan and M. Kathirvel

News—India and Overseas 9-10 55'

Books 11-12 56

The mud bank prawn fishery of Kerala —declining trend 12-13 57 N.S. Kurup


Tuna fisheries in India: Recent trends 1-10 58 E.G. Silas, M.S. Rajagopalan and P. Parameswaran Pillai

On the occurrence of Acanthaster planci (The crown-of-thorns) at Minicoy atoll 10-12 59 A.V.S. Murthy, G.Subbaraju, C.S.G. Pillai, V. Josanto, P. Livingston & Vasantha Kumar

22

23

41

42


Books

12-13

13

60

61


The Indian oil sardine V. Balan and R. Reghu


1-13

13-15

Preliminary report on a reconnaissance survey of the major coastal and marine eco-systems in Gulf of Kutch. 16-20 C.S. Gopinatha Pillai & M.S. Rajagopalan, CMFRI and M.A. Varghese of Marine Biok>gical Station, Port Okha

Books 21

No. 15. January 1980

Industrial fisheries of Visakhapatnam coast based on exploratory surveys during 1972-78 Staff of Waltair RC of CMFRI


Books

No. 16. February 1980

Cyclones and fisheries: Aftermath of four cycbnes in Andhra Pradesh during 1976 to 1979 G. Venkataraman and K. Alagaraja

16-17

17

62

63

64

65

1-16 66

67

68

1-11 69

Culture of brown mussel Perna indica at Vizhinjam 11-13 K.K. Appukuttan i.n consultation with K. Alagarswami

News—India and Overseas 13-14

Books 15

No. 17. March 1980

Echo location of fish 1-10 S. Natarcyan, K.C. George and V.N. Bande

70

71

72

73

News-India and Overseas

Books

No. 21. July 1980

Impact of mesh size reduction of trawl nets on the prawn fishery of Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh G. Sudhakara Rao, C. Suseejan & S. Lalitha Devi

Dolphin fishes P.K. Mahadevan Pillai

11-13

13

1-6

6-7

87

88

•

89

90

Prawn culture proved highly profitable in Pondrcherry 11 L. Chidambaram

A case of overfishing: Depletion of shrimp resources along Neendakara coast, Kerala M.J. George, C. Suseelan, M.M. Thomas and N.S. Kurup, CMFRI, Cochin

1-8

74


Books

No. 18. April 1980

11-12

13

75

76

77

Coastal rural indebtedness—a case study 8 12 K.K.P.Panikkar, CMFRI, Cochin


Books 13

No. 19. May 1980

Mud banks-and coastal erosion in rcla-

78

79

80

tion to fisheries 1-10 81 D.S. Rao, K.J. Mathew, C.P. Gopinathan, A. Reghunathan and A.V.S. Murthy

Techniques for the collection and trans-portion of prawn seeds 11-12 82 G.S.D. Selvaraj, K.J. Mathew and K.N. Gopalakrishnan


Books

No. 20. June 1980

12-13

13

83

84

The Bombay duck 1-9 85 V.M. Deshmukh and Alexander Kurian

Penaeid prawn seed resource in the estuaries and backwaters of Karnataka and Kerala 9-11 86 P. Vedavyasa Rao

All India census in the marine fisheries sector—Planning and field operatons 8-10 91 Fishery Resources Assessment Division

News—India and Overseas . 11-12 92

Books 12-13 93

No. 22. August 1980

Trends in total marine fish production in India—1979 1-19 94 Fishery Resources Assessment Division

News—India and Overseas 20 95


Eel culture in India 1-7 96 K. Dorairaj, R. Soundararajan, & D. Kandasami e

Culture of blood clam at Kakinada 7-9 97 K.A. Narasimham

Workshop on mussel farming — An action plan for R & D programmes 10-13 98 E.G. Silas and P. Vedavyasa Rao



Purse seine fishery — Imperative need for regulation 1-9 100 E.G. Silas, P: Parameswaran Pillai, M.H. Dhulkhed, C. Muthiah and G. Syda Rao

Chank fishing of Kerala with special reference to long line fishery 10-14 101 K.K. Appukuttan, Mathew Joseph, K.T. Thomas and T. Prabhakaran Nair Under water exploration 14-17 102 S. Mahadevan and K. Nagappan Nayar


Books 19 104


Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of Indi&-1979 1-13 105 Crustacean Fishery Resources Team


Books 16-17 107


Oyster farming 1-3 108 S. Mahadevan, K. Nagappan Nayar and P. Muthiah

Laboratory bred prawns from Narakkal cultured in salt pan reservoirs at Tuti-corin — A success story 3-5 109 K.H. Mohamed, M.S. Muthu and R. Marichamy

Possibility of using polythene lined ponds for maricuiture in, sandy beaches 6-8 110 R.S. Lai Mohan and K. Nandakumaran

Mews—India and Overseas 9-10 HI

Books 10-11 112

No. 27. January, February, March 1981

Preface 3-4 113

Summary of proceedings of Seminar on Fisheries Extension 5-7 114

List of status reports/background

papers 7-11 115

Recommendations 11-16 116

Committees of Seminar 17 117

Delegates 18-21 118

No. 28. April, May, June 1981 By-catch of the shrimp fishery in India 1-13 119 M.J. George, C. Suseelan and K. Balan


Books

13-15 120

15 121

No. 29. July 1981

Impact of mechanised fishing on the socio-economic conditions of the fishermen of Sakthikulangara—Neendakara, Kerala 1-18 122 R. Sathiadas and G. Venkataraman

No. 30. August 1981

Preface 1 124

All India Census of Marine Fishermen, Craft and Gear: 1980 2-32 125

Fishery Resoruces Assessment Division

Books 33 126

No. 31. September 1981 Commercial trawl fisheries off Kakinada during 1969-78 ^-^ Staff of Kakinada Research Centre A low cost electrical rudder indicator for the medium sized power vessel 7-9 S. Natarajan

Barracudas K. Mahadevan Pillai



17

Trends in total marine fish production in India~1980 1-6 Fishery Resources Assessment Division

News—India arid Overseas 37

127

128

9-10 129

Culture of fishes in polythene lined ponds 11-14 130 R.S, Lai Mohan and K. Nandakumaran

Unusually heavy catches of ribbon fish ctase to the shore at Visakhapatnam 15-16 131 K. Radhakrishna, S. Reuben and M.V. Soma Raju

132

133

Industrial fisheries off Madras coast based on exploratory surveys during 1973-1980 7-36 134 P.T. Meenakshisundaram, J.C. Gnana-muthu, R. Sarvesan, E. Vivekanandan, M. Rajagopalan, S. Srinivasarengan, S.K. Balakumar, S. Chandrasekar & P. Thirumilu

135


No. 33. November, December 1981

Preface 1 136

Socio-economic status of fishermen community of Calicut area 2-12 137 K.K.P. Panikkar and K. Alagaraja

Mussel culture at Karwar, Karnataka State 13-16 138 M. Vasudev Pai and P.S. Kuriakose

On the rare occurrence of a giant sized Hawksbill turtle off Eiephanta caves (near Bombay) 17 139 J.P. Karbari

Occurrence of small sized seer fishes S. c^ttatus and S. commerson at Kar-war (Karnataka) 18-19 140 M.H. Dhulkhed

No. 37. April 1982

The purse seine fishery of Mangalore (Karnataka) 1-7 M.H. Dhulkhed, C. Muthiah, G. Syda Rao & N.S. Radhakrishnan

The exploited squid and cuttlefish resources of India: A review E.G. Silas, K. Sathyanarayana Rao, R. Sarvesan, K. Prabhakaran Nair and M.M. Meiyappan

1-17 143

Books 17


Illegal fishing in Indian waters S.S. Dan

19

Cyclone havoc along Saurashtra coast 19-20 G. Sudhakara Rao

News—India and Overseas 21

144

145

146

Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India—1980 1-14 Crustacean Fisheries Resources Team

A potential new resource of prawns from Neendakara area in Kerala coast 15-17 C. Suseelan, M.M. Thomas, N.S. Kurup and K.N. Gopalakrishnan

No. 36. March 1982

The emerging purse seine fishery for anchovy (whitebait) resources of the west coast of India 1-6 147 K.V. Narayana Rao, G. Syda Rao, G. Luther and M.N. Kesavan Elayathu

Distribution of the Indian mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier) along the coasts of India in 1979 and 1^0 7-15 A. Noble

Crisis in fisheries harbour. Cochin 16-19 R. Reghu, K. Balachandran & M. Abdul Nizar

148

149

150

151

152

153

Drift gill net fishery of the Dakshina Kannada coast 8-15 154 C. Muthiah


Books


19-20

21

141

142 News—India and Overseas

Books No. 38. May 1982

15-16

17

155

156

The present status of small-scale traditional fishery at Vizhinjam 1-17 157 G. Luther, P.N. Radhakrishnan Nair, G. Gopakumar and K. Prabhakaran Nair

Mechanisation of indigenous crafts with outboard motors in Tamil Nadu — An impact study 17-19 158 R. Sathiadas


No. 39. June 1982

Pair trawling strikes good grounds for white pomfret in the Palk Bay, Tamil Nadu 1-6 160 N. Gopalakrishna Pillai and R. Sathiadas Scientific basis for the management of penaeid shrimp fishery 6-11 161 M.J. George

Black kingfishes 12 162 P.K. Mahadevan Pillai

News—India and Oversea$ 13 163 No. 40. July 1982

Focus on small-scale fisheries sector. Adventurous bunching of catamarans for monsoon fishery at Valiathura, Trivandrum l_5 164 G. Luthur, P.A. Thomas, P.N.Radha-krishnan Nair and R. Bhaskaran Achari

Experimental trawling off Vizhinjam 5-7 165 M.D.K. Kuthalingam, G. Luther, S. Lazarus and K. Prabhakaran Nair

Impact of purse seine operations on traditional fishery with special reference to oil sardine in Kerala during 1980 and 1981 8-11 166

T. Jacob, K. Alagaraja, S.K. Dharma-raja, K.K.P. Panikkar, G. Balakrishnan, U.K. Sathyavan, V. Balan and K.V.N. Rao


No. 41. August, 1982

Trends in marine fish production in India—1981 1-33 168 Fishery Resources Assessment Division


Scuba diving investigations and training 1-8 169 S. Mahadevan and K. Nagappan Nayar

Prawns in purse seine catches 9-13 170 K.V. Somasekharan Nair, A.A. Jaya-prakash, K.K. Sukumaran, K.Y. Telang & K.K. Balasubramanian


Books 15 172

No. 43. October, 1982

Major breakthrough in spiny lobster culture 1-5 173 E.G. Silas

Unprecedented growth induced in spiny lobsters 6-8 174 E.V. Radhakrishnan & M. Vijaya-kumaran

Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India—1981 8-23 175 Crustacean Fisheries Resources Team

Earning by learning and doing 23-24 176 K.N. Rasachandra Kartha

Proven technology — Induced maturation of prawns for production of spawners for hatcheries 25-26 177



Cyclone devastation along Saurashtra coast of Gujarat in November 1982 1-7 179 G. Sudhakara Rao and K.K. Datta

Trawl fishery of South Kanara with special reference- to prawns and by-catches 8-14 180 K.K. Sukumaran, K.Y. Telang and O. Thippeswamy

Induced spawning and larval rearing of Crassostrea madrcsensis (Preston) in the laboratory 14-16 181 K. Nagappan Nayar, M.E. Rajapandian, A. Deivendra Gandhi and C.P. Gopi-nathan

Destruction of eggs of catfish, Tachy-surus tenuispinis by purse seiners at Karwar 16-17 182 M.H. Dhulkhed, S. Hanumantharaya and N. Chennappa Gowda

Scientific, common and local names of commercially important marine fishes and shell fishes of Maharashtra and Gujarat coasts 18-23 183 J.P. Karbhari

News—India and Overseas 23


New light on the migration of the Indian white prawn Penaeus indicus 1-9 National Tagging Project Team

Gazette of India notification on the Maritime Zones of India (Regulation of Fishing by Foreign Vessels) Rules, 1982 10-21

Proven Technology R.V. Skipjack Commissioned

22-24 25


Proceedings of the workshop on acquisition and dissemination of data on marine living resources of Indian seas 1-49

184

185

186

187 188

189


Trends in secondary production in the inshore waters of the seas around India 1-8 190 K.G. Girijavallabhan, S. Krishna Pillai, R. Marichamy, C.V. Mathew, T.S. Naomi, Pon Siraimeetan, K. Rama-. chandran Nair,- Rani Mary Jacob, G. Subramanya Bhat and K.J. Mathew

Kuruma shrimp from Bombay waters— a new resource 9-12 191 M. Aravindakshan and J.P. Karbhari

Farming the coastal land at Tuticorin 13-15 192 R. Marichamy and S. Rajapackiam

Occurrence of wahoo, oriental bonito and bigeye tuna off Karwar 16 193 M.H. Dhulkhed, G.G. Annigeri & G.M. Kulkarni

Proven Technology 17-18 194


No. 48. March, 1983

Fish culture in marine farm at Man-dapam 1-8 196 G. Mohanraj, A. Raju, V. Gandhi & V.S. Rengaswamy

Fluctuations in the mackerel catches at Cochin 9-11 197 M.V. Pai, K.V. Somasekharan Nair, A.A. Jayaprakash and M. Abdul Nizar

Preliminary observations on fish pen culture in a lagoon at Mandapam 12-16 198 R.S. Lai Mohan

Unusually high landings of some penaeid prawns at Bombay 16 199 S. Ramamurthy and A.Y. Mestry

TTie catch trend of the commercial trawl fisheries off Rameswaram 17-19 200 P.K. Mahadevan Pillai, N. Jayabalan, M. Srinath and S. Subramani


Proven Technology 22-23 Molluscan Fisheries Division

Books 23

No. 49. April — May 1983

Calcibiocavitological investigations 1-13 P.A. Thomas, K.K. Appukuttan, K. Ramadoss and S.G. Vincent

Clash between purse seine and artisanal fishermen at Cochin 14-16 K.V. Somasekharan Nair and A.A. Jayaprakash

Spurt in fish landings along North Tamil Nadu coast 17-19

201

202

203

204

205

206

E. Vivekanandan, M. Kathirvel, V. Selvaraj, K.G. Girijavallabhan, M. Raja-gopalan and L. Chidambaram

Exploitation of clam shell deposits in the Kundapur estuary 20-22 G. Syda Rao

Proven Technobgy


23-24

24-25

No. 50. June 1983

Sea turtles of India — need for a crash programme on conservation and effective management of the resource 1-12 E.G. Silas, M. Rajagopalan and A. Bastian Fernando

Marine turtle conservation and management: A survey of the situation in Orissa 1981/82 and 1982/83 13-23 E.G. Silas, M. Rajagopalan, A. Bastian Fernando and S.S. Dan

Marine turtle conservation and management: A survey of the situation in West Bengal 1981/82 and 1982/83 24-32 E.G. Silas, M. Rajagopalan and S.S. Dan

Nesting site and hatching of the Hawks-bill turtle along Thirunelveli coast of Tamil Nadu 33-34 A. Bastian Fernando

Leatherback turtle Dermocheli^s cori-acea washed ashore at Kovalam, Madras 35-36 M. Rajagopalan.

Conservation of fresh water turtles of India 37-39 M. Rajagopalan and S.S. Dan

Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute turtle hatchery programme, Kovalam, Madras 40-41

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

SUBJECT INDEX

Acanthaster planci 59 Acanthastrea 64 Acanthocybium solandri 193 Acetes indicus 1, 19, 31, 43, 89, 105, 145, 175 Achil 157 Acquisition of data 189 Acropora 59, 64 Acropora corvmbosa 59 Acropora hebes 59 Acropora hemprichi 59 Acropora humilis 59 Acropora mtermedia 59 Age composition 35, 58, 62, 85, 166 Age determination 35, 62, 85, 148, 166 Agricultural Refinance Development Corporation 136 Anadara grarôsa 15,97 Arichoviella 6, 23, 30, 40,. 49, 94, 133, 147, 153, 157,

169 Anchovies 147, 153, 157, 180 Anchovy resources 147 Anguilla 96 Anguilla bicolor bicolor 96 Anguilla nebulosa 96 Aquaculture 14, 15, 20, 27, 39, 63, 70, 82, 86, 96, 97,

98, 106, 108, 109, no , 130, 138, 161, 173, 174. 177, 181, 187, 192, 194, 196, 202, 208

Aquaculture conference 17, 27, 98 Aquaculture development 14, 27, 70, 74, 96, 108, 173,

177, 181, 187, 192, 1%, 202, 208 Aquaculture economics 14, 15, 27, 74, 108, 138, 192,

196, 202 Aquaculture experiment culture 14, 20, 39, 70, 74,

%, 97, 108, 110, 130, 138, 174, 192, 196, 198 Aquaculture hianagement 161, 173 Aquaculture rearing 14, 20, 39, 109, 130, 174, 198 Aquatulture statistics 15, 108, 138, 196 Aquaculture techniques 14, 20, 39, 82, 96, 108, 174,

177, 181, 187, 194, 202, 208 Aqualung 103, 169 Aqualung diving training 103, 169 Aquaplosion 2 Aquatic animals 178, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215 Aquatic animals — survey devices 90, 189, 210, 212 Artificial breeding 39, 45, 109, 181 Artisanal fishemian 122, 125, 205 Artisanal fishing 53, 127 Ashtamudi Backwater 54 Aspidosiphor\ elegans 204 Astrea semicostata 64 Atoll 59, 64 Auxis rochei 58 Auxis thazard 58 Auiccnnia marinp 64

Bag net 13, 125 Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus) 201 Balistids 165 Banana prawn 15 Barracudas 119, 129 Behrê 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 168 Benthos 57, 81 Bigeye tuna 193 Bill fishes 154 Bioaccumulation 30 Biology 35, 58, 62, 85, 143, 162, 193 Biological features 1, 6, 7, 8, 19, 23, 31, 35, 40, 43, 49,

58, 62, 85, 86. 90, 94, 105, 119, 129, 133, 140, 143. 145, 148, 162, 168, 182, 191, 193, 197, 204.

Biological oxygen demands 32 Black king fishes 154, 162 Blood clam 15, 97, 201 Bluefin tuna 58 Boat seine 13, 30, 125, 137. 143, 206 Boleophthalmus 64 Bombay Duck 8, 23, 40, 49, 66, 85, 94, 133, 168 Boring sponges 204 Botuia cinryamomea 204 Brachionus plicatilis 194 Brackish water 20, 86 Breeding 39, %, 130, 174, 177, 181 Bregmaceros 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 168 Brine shrimp 167 Brown mussel 70 By-catch 1, 8, 19, 23, 31, 35, 40, 43, 49, 58, 62, 77,

85, 94, 105, 119, 133, 145, 148, 168, 170. 175, 180. 200

Cadalmin IX 128 Calcibiocavitological investigations 204 Calcium hypochlorite 32 Canoes 119 Carangids 119, 134. 153, 154, 165 Caranx 7, 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 154, 168 Carcasses 211 Cardium 97 Caretta caretta 210 Catamarans 119, 158, 164, 166, 170 Catch composition 1, 8, 19, 23,'31, 40, 43, 49, 58,

62, 66, 85, 89, 94, 105, 119, 131, 133, 134, 145, 146, 148. 168. 175, 197,200

Catch effort 119, 134, 147, 148, 164, 165. 166 Catching methods 122, 134, 166, 180, 189, 200 Catch statistics 1, 8, 19, 23, 31, 35, 40, 43, 49, 58,

62, 66, 85, 94,. 105, 119, 127, 131 134, 143, 145. 146. 148. 168. 170. 175, 189, 197, 199, 200

Catfishes 8, 23. 40. 66, 94, 100, 119, 122, 133, 153, 154, 168, 182

Catfish eggs 100, 182 Caulerpa recemosa 64 Caulerpa scapelUformis 64 Census 13, 67, 91, 125 Cephalapods 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 133. 143, 153,

154, 160, 165, 166, 168, 180, 200 Cephalopod production 143 Cerithidea fluviatilis 64 Chaakara 57 Chaetoceros affinis 194 Chaetognatha 190 Chala vala 157 Chank fishing 101, 111, 204 Chanos cbanos (Milk fish) 15, 110, 130, 1% Chehnh depressa 15, 210 Chehnia mydas 210 Chilled fish 83 Chirocentrus 6, 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 158, 168 Chorinemus 6, 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 158, 168 Clam 15, 55. 75, 97, 120, 207 Calm culture 97, 120 Cabn resources 15, 96, 207 Cliona carpenteri Hancock 204 Cliona celata Grant 204 Cliona lobata Hancock 204 Cliona margaritifera 204 Cliona vastifica Hancock 204 Coastal aquaculture 15, 17, 27, 192 Coastal erosion 81 Coastal lagoons 59, 64 Coastal ponds 192 Coastal rural indebtedness 78 Code 189, 210 Commercial fishing 127, 134, 180, 200 Commercial species 1, 6, 19, 23, 40, 43, 49, 94, 105,

133, 145, 168, 200 Computer fisheries information system 189 Computer programme 189 Copepoda 190 Corals 59, 64, 169 Coral reef 59, 64, 207 Corvphaena 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 168 Coiyphaena equiselis Linnaeus 90 Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus 90 Coscinaraea monile 64 ' Cost analysis 122, 147 Crabs 6, 15, 19, 24, 40, 49, 77, 94, 133, 154, 168, 180 Craft and gear. 13, 58, 119, 153, 154, 160, 165 Crassostrea madrasensis (Preston) 108, 181 Crassostrea sp. 15, 204 Crocodile porosus Schneider 152 Crustacea 1, 8, 14, 15, 19, 23, 31, 39, 40, 43, 49, 54,

74, 82, 89, 94, 105, 109, 119, 133, 145. 146, 168. 170, 173, 174, 175, 177. 181. 185, 191, 194, 200

Culcita 59 Culture media 14. 20. 39, 70, 96, 97, 108, 130, 174,

177, 181, 187, 192, 196, 202, 208 Cuttle fish 143, 157 Cyclone 10, 50, 69. 151, 179 Cynog/ossus sp. 160 Cvphastrea seriatia 64

Data acquisition 161, 189 Data base management 161, 1 ^ Data collection 161, 189 Data dissemination 189 Data integration 161, 189 Data processing 161, 189 Decapod larvae 190 Decapterus sp. 127, 157 Declining trend 57 Deep dive 102, 169 Depletion — shrimp 77 Deep water 102, 169 Dendrostoma signi/er 204 £)ermocfie/is coriacea 210, 214 Devil ray 63, 195 Diodontids 165 Diplothi/ra sp. 204 Dissemination of data 189 Distribution 1, 6, 19, 23, 40. 43, 49, 94, 1(», 133, 145,

168, 200 Diving 102, 169 Diving equipment 102, 169 Diving physiob^ 102, 169 Dolphin 90, 154 Dolphin fishes 90 Dorabs 119 Doryteuthis sp. 143 Drag net 119, 145 Drepane punctata 160 Drift gainet 13, 58, 119, 125, 154 Drift net 13, 58, 125, 157, 154. 158 Dussumieria acuta 204

Earning by learning and doing 176 Echogram 73 Echo integrators 73 Echo location 73 Echo sounders 73 Echo sounding 73 Echo surveys 73 Economic analysis 53. 74, 122, 153, 165 Economic situation 122 Ecosystem 64, 103 Edible oysters 15. 108 Education 27. 114, 125 Educational status of fishermen 125 Eels 8, 23, 40, 49, %. 119, 133, 168

Eel culture % Eggs 182 Elacate 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 168 Elasmobranchs 8, 23, 40,94, 119, 133, 154,

168, 180 Electronic computers 189 Electrical fishing 128 Electrical rudder 128 Elephanta caves 139 Elvers % Eleutheronema tetradacfylus 15 Employment 53, 122, 125, 164, 176 Enteromorpha sp. 15 Environmental data 1, 19, 31, 105, 145, 175, 189 Environmental effects 31, 69, 81, 98, 114, 151, 189 Environmental factor 31, 81, 98, 122, 137, 161 Environmental parameters 1, 19, 31, 105, 145, 175 EretrrKJcheliis imbricata 139 Estuaries 20, 36, 207 Etroplus suratensis 15, 130 Eunice tubifex 64 Euthynnus affinis 58 Exhippolvsmata ensirostris 145, 175 Exopalaemon stvliferus 145, 175 Experimental trawling 165 Exploratory fishing 66, 102, 134 Exploratory survey 66, 102, 134 Extension 27, 114 Eyestalk extirpation 173, 174

FAO Fishery Project in Bay of Bengal 44 Farming 14, 20, 70, 74, %, 108, 109, 130, 138, 177.

192, 1%, 208 Favia favus 64 Fauia pallida 64 Fauites hallicora 64 Feed 14, %, 143 Feed composition 14, %, 143 Fertility 14, 39, %, 97, 109, 177, 181, 196 Fibreglass boats 83 Fiji 58 Financing 27, 33, 53, 78, 122, 166 Fin whale 201 Fire incident 38 Fish catch statistics 1, 7, 8, 19, 23, 31, 35, 40, 43, 49,

58, 62, 85, 94, 105, 119, 127, 131, 133, 134, 143, 145, 148, 153, 168, 170, 175, 180, 197, 199, 200

Fish culture 14, 20, 110, 130, 192, 1%, 198 Fish landings 1, 7, 8, 19, 23, 31, 35, 40, 43, 49, 58,

62, 85, 94, 105, 119, 127, 131, 133, 134, 143, 145, 148, 153, 168, 170, 175, 180, 197, 199, 200

Fish larvae 110, 130, 181, 196, 198 Fish marketing 27, 143 Fish mortality 32

Fish pen culture 198 Fish poisoning 79 Fish ponds 110, 196, 198 Fish preservation 27, 119 Fish production 1, 6, 7, 8, 19, 23, 31, 35, 40, 43, 49,

58, 62, 85, 94, 105, 119, 127, 131, 133, 134. 143, 145, 148, 153, 168, 170, 175, 180, 197. 199,. 200

Fish processing 27, 122, 123, 143 Fishery Act 186 Fishery biology 35, 58, 62, 85, 143 Fishery data 1, 7, 8, 19, 23, 31, 35, 40, 43, 49, 58, 62,

85. 94. 105. 119. 127, 131, 133,134, 143, 145 148, 153, 168, 170, 175, 180. 197. 199, 200

Fishery development 27, 36, 114, 161, 173, 189 Fishery economics 27, 122, 153, 157, 166, 189 Fishery industry 27, 66, 134 Fishery management 27, 144, 161,173, 189, 210 Fishery regulations 100, 147. 186. 205 Fishery resources 1.' 7, 8, 15, 19, 23, 31, 35. 40. 43,

39. 58. 62. 85. 94, 105, 119, 127, 131, 133, 134, 143, 145, 148, 153. 168, 170, 175, 180, 197, 199, 200

Fishery statistics 1, 7, 8, 19, 23, 31, 35, 40, 43, 49, 58, 62, 85, 94, 105, 119, 127, 131, 133, 134, 143, 145, 148, 153, 168, 170, 175, 180, 197, 199, 200

Fishery surveys 13, 27, 125, 166, 210 Fisheries census 13 Fisheries Co-operatives 13, 83, 114, 125, 137 Fisheries extension 27, 114 Fishermen 13, 27, 125, 137, 157, 205 Fishermen Co-operatives 27, 114, 125, 137 Fishermen family 122, 125, 137 Fishermen population 13, 122, 125, 137, 157, 211, 213 Fishing areas 43 Fishing by diving 102, 169 ^ Fishing crafts 13, 50, 119, 122, 125, 127 Fishing effort 158, 164, 165, 166 Fishing gears 13, 58, 62, 119. 125, 143, 157 Fishing harbour 10. 24, 38, 42, 67, 95, 123, 148, 149,

179, 184 Fishing industry. 66, 125, 134 Fishing nets 13, 89, 125, 180 Fishing operations 53, 66, 100, 122, 134, 137, 143,

147, 153, 157, 158, 165, 166 Fishing power 128 Fishing regulations 150, 186, 189 Fishing vesselis 128, 186, 189 Fishing villages 13, 69, 91, 122, 125, 137, 179 Flat Back turtle 210 Flat fish 127 Flying fish 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 133, 168 Food 14, %, 143, 191 Food composition 14, 96

10

Foreign vessels 186 Frame survey 13, 125, 189, 210 Fresh water turtles 215

Gazza 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 133, 168 Gears 13, 58, 62, 105, 119, 125, 143, 145, 157, 180 Gearwise production 13, 58, 62, 105, 119, 125, 143,

157, 180 Gelidiella sp 15 Gill net 13, 58, 62, 119, 125, 148, 153 Glass eel 93 Goniastrea pectinata 64 Goniopora nigra 64 Gracilaria sp 15 Gracilaria verrucosa 64 Green algae 15 Green tiger prawn 15 Green mussel 208 Green turtle 210

Harpodon nehereus 8, 23, 40, 49, 85, 94, 133, 168 Harvesting 14, 70, 74, %, 97, 108, 109, 110, 138,

192, 196 Hatcheries 86, 177, 187, 194 Hatchery production 86, 177, 187, 194 Hawksbill turtle 139, 210, 213 Hemirhamphus 8, 23, 40, 49, 85, 94, 133, 168 Hilsa ilisha 8, 23, 40, 49, 85, 94, 133, 160 168 Hippoli/smata ensirostris 1, 19, 31, 43, 105, 145, 175 Holocentrus rubrum 206 Holothuria atra 59 Hook and Line 157 Hybrid lobster 51 Hydrophora exesa 64 Hydrology 206 Hydrospace 101

Illegal fishing 132, 150 Impact analysis 38, 158, 166 Indian mackerel 35, 148 Indigenous crafts 154, 158, 164, 205 Induced breeding 39, %, 109, 174, 177, 181, 1% Induced growth 174 Induced spawning 14, 39, 109, 174, 181, 1% Industrial fishery 66, 134, 200 Inferno 38 Intensive culture 14, %, 108, 109, 138, 181, 192, 196 Integrated rural development 27 Istiophorus plafypterus 58

Johnius arêus 66 Johnius dussumieri 165 Juvenile fishes 157

Katchal 157 Katelysia 15

Katsuworyus pelarr\is 58 King fishes 154, 162 Konchu vala 158 Krill peeling machine 152 Krill resources 33, 51, 87, 37, 163 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 24, 114, 116, 176 Kuruma shrimp 191

Lab to land programme 138 Lactarius 8, 23, 40, 49. 94, 133, 145, 160, 168 Lagoons 59, 64 Landing centres 125, 189 Large vessels 189 Larvae 174, 181 Larval development 108, 174, 181 Larval rearing 63, 108, 174, 181 Lates calcarifer 15 Launching of catamarans 164 Leather back turtle 214 Legal aspects 100, 149, 186, 189, 2(& Legislation 100, 149, 186, 205 Leiogncthus 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 145, 160, 168 Lepidochelys oUuacea 210 Lepturacar\thus sauala 131 Lesser sardines 8, 23, 40, 49, 62,94, 133,145, 160 168 Life cycle 35, 62, 85, 143, %, 191, 174 Linkia 59 Lithophaga bisulcota 204 Lithophaga laevigata 204 Lithophaga sp 204 Littornia spp 64 Lizard fish 8. 23, 40, 49, 62, 94, 119, 133, 145, 160, 168 Lobsters 8, 15, 23, 40, 49, 62, 94, 133, 134, 145, 168,

173, 174 Lobster culture 15, 173, 174 Loggerhead turtle 210 Loligo duvaucelii 143 Long line fishery 101 Lucifer 190 Macrobrachium rosenbergii 15 Mackerel 8, 23, 35, 40, 49, 94, 119, 127, 133, 145,

148, 153, 154, 168, 197 Mammals 90, 154 Management — scientific basis 161 Mangrove 64,212 Mariculture 14, 15, 20, 27. 39. 70, 74, 98, 108. 110.

130, 138, 173, 174, 192, 1% Marine fish production 1, 6, 7, 8, 19, 23, 31, 40, 43.

49, 94, 105, 133. 145. 168, 175 Marine farm 20. %, 192, 196 Marine fishing villages 13, 125, 211 Marine resources 1, 8, 15, 19, 23. 31. 35. 40. 43. 49,

58, 62, 77, 85, 86, 94, 105. 119. 127, 131. 133. 143. 145. 146, 147, 148, 153. 166, 168. 170. 175, 189. 197. 200. 210

11

Marine metal protector 51 Marine products export 4, 9, 24, 42 Maritime states 8, 23, 40, 49, 125, 133, .168 Maritime zones 186 Marketing 9, 27, 35. 58, 62, 101, 119, 143, 204 Maturation 35, 58, 62, 85, %, 108, 143, 174 Mechanisation 158 Mechanised boats 77, 119, 122, 125, 137, 189 Mechanised crafts 77, 119, 125, 154, 158, 189 Mechanised fishing 77, 119, 122, 154, 158 Mechanised vessels 141, 154, 186, 189 Megalaspis 157 Mercury content analyser 36 Meretrix casta 207 Meretrix meretrix 207 Meretrix spp 15 Mesh size reduction 89 Metapenaeus cffmis 1, 15, 19, 31, 43, 66,77, 86,

106. 145, 175, 181, 185 Mefqpenaeus brcuicomis 1, 15, 19, 31. 43. 54, 66,

105, 145, 170. 175 Metqper\aeus dobsoni 1. 15, 19. 31, 39. 43, 54, 66,

105, 145, 170, 175, 180, 185 Metapenaeus kutchensis 1, 15, 19, 31, 43, 54, 66,

105. 145. 170, 175 Metaper\aeus monoceros 1, 15, 19, 31, 43, 66, 77.

86, 106, 145, 175. 181. 185, 199 Metapenaeopsis stridulans 199 Meteorological data 189 Migration 185 Milk fish 15. 44, 110, 192, 1%, 198 Model gadgets 102, 169 Monsoon fishery 81, 164 Montipora uenosd 64 Mud bank fishery 57, 81 Mugi7 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119. 133, 168 Muraenesox spp 66 Mussels 15, 70. 55. 98. 108. 138, 208 Mussel culture 15, 70, 98, 108, 138, 208 Mussel farming 70, 98, 108, 138. 208 Mussel production 70, 98, 108, 138

Nandu vala 157

Nertupterus sp 157 Nerrupterus japorucus 165 Nendpterus bleekeri 165 Nesting 213 Netholi vala 157 Nonpenaeid prawn 1, 8, 19, 23. 31, 40. 43. 49, 77,

89, 94, 105. 119, 133, 145, 146, 168, 170, 175 180

Nursery ground 54

OctofMis fisheiy 71, 141

Offshore data 189 Oil sardine 8, 23, 40, 49, 62, 94, 119, 133, 134, 153

157, 158, 165, 166, 168, 180, 200 Oil spills 87 Olive Ridely 210 Open sea mariculture 70, 108, 208 Open sea mussel culture 70, 108, 208 Oriential bonito 193 Outboard motors 158 Over fishing 77, 131, 206 Oysters 108, 187, 204, 181, 202 Oyster culture 36, 108, 181, 187, 202 Oyster fanning 108

Pair trawling 160 Palaemon tenuipes 1. 19, 31, 43, 105. 145, 175 Pampus arger\teus 160 Pampus chinensis 160 Panulirus homarus 8, 15, 23, 40,'- 49, 77, 94, 133,

168, 173, 174 Panulirus longipes 105, 173 Panulirus omatus 173 Panulirus penicillatus 173 Panulirus polyphagus 173 Panulirus versicolor 173 Parapenaeopsis harduAckii 105, 175 Parapenaeopsis sculptHis 105, 175 Parapenaeopsis stx^lifera I, 15, 19, 31, 43, 57, 77,

105, 119, 145, 175 Pearl culture 108, 187, 208 Pearl oyster 15, 102, 108, 187, 204 Pearl oyster collection 102, 108 Penaeid prawn 1, 8, 15, 19, 23, 31, 39, 40, 43, 49, 54,

74, 82, 94, 105, 109, 119, 133, 134, 168, 170, 175, 185, 200

Penaeus indicus 1, 8, 14, 19, 23, 31, 39, 40, 43, 49, 54, 74, 82, 94, 105, 109, 119, 133, 134, 168, 170. 175, 185, 200

Penaeus japonicus 191 Penaeus merguiensis 1, 8, 14, 19, 31, 57, 77, 105,

145, 175 Penaeus monodon 1, 8, 14, 19, 31, 57, 77, 105, 145,

175 Penaeus semisulcatus 1, 8, 14, 19, 31, 57, 77, 105,

145, 175 Pen culture 197, 198 Perches 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 133, 145, 154, 168 Periophthalmus 64 Perna indica 70, 208 Perna sp 208 Perna viridis 208 Photosynthetic process 59 Pinctada fucata 15, 187 Plank built boats 119, 125 Pfatygyra daedalea 64

12

Plot survey 189 Pocillopora 64 Pollution 32 Polynemids 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 133, 160, 168 Pdi/nemus indicus 15 Poiycheates 204 Polyculture 20, 98, 110, 1%, 197 Polydora antennata 204 Polydora caeca 204 Poli/dora homelli 204 Poh/dorella proKfer 204 Polythene lined ponds 110, 130, 198 Pomadasys basta 66 Pomfrets 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 133, 153,. 160, 168 Pond 110, 130, 192, 198 Pond construction 110, 130, 192, 198 Pond culture 110, 130, 192, 198 Prawn 1, 8, 14, 15, 19, 23, 31, 39, 40, 43, 49, 54, 57,

66, 74, 77, 82, 89, 94, 105, 109, 119, 127, 133, 145, 146, 153, 154, 165, 168, 170, 175, 177, 180, 185, 190, 199, 200

Prawn culture 14, 74, 109, 194 Prawn seed 14, 82, 86, 109, 194 Processing and dissemination 189 Proven technology 177, 187, 194, 202, 208 Punch cards 189 Purse seine 13, 53, 66, 100, 143, 147, 149, 153, 165,

166, 170, 182

Raft culture 108 Rampani gear 53 Rastrelliger kanagurta 30, 35, 148 Rays 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 127, 133, 134, 168 Red mullets 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 168 Red tide 63 Reefs 59, 51, 204 Regulations 100, 150, 186, 189 Relief and rehabilitation measures 38, 50, 69, 179 Reptiles 154, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216 Resource conservation 143, 154, 210, 211, 212, 213,

214, 215 Resources survey 13, 66, 91, 125, 134, 137, 157,

164, 211 Rhincodon tvpus 122, 209 Rhizoplmra canadus 162 Rhizophora mucronata 64 Ribbon fish 8, 23, 30, 40, 48, 94, 119, 127, 131, 168 Rock oyster 108, 204 Rudder indicator 128 Rural development 27, 78 Rural indebtedness 78

Sail fish 30

Salicomia 64 Salinity 14 Sarda orientatis 58, 193 Sardines 8, 23, 38, 40, 49. 62, 66. 77. 94, 100. 119,

122, 127, 133, 134, 147, 153, 158. 165, 166,168, 200

Sargassum sp 15 Saurida and Saurus 8, 23. 40, 49, 94, 133, 168 * Saurida tumbil 66, 160 Sciaenids 7, 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 127, 133. 157.

158. 160. 165. 180 Scientific, common and local names 183, 210 Scomberomorus commerôni 30, 140 Scomberomoms guttatus 30. 140. 141 Scomberomorus sp 154. 158, 160 Scuba diving 102, 169 Scylla serrata 15 Sea bed 102, 169 Sea turtles 154, 210, 21i; 212, 213, 214, 216 Seaweeds 15, 71 Secondary prodyction 190 Seed 14, 86, 82, 194 Seed collection 82, 86. 194 Seed composition 82. 86, 194 Seeding 14, 82. 86, 194 Seed production 14, 82, 86, 194 Seed transportation 82 Seer fish 7, 8, 23, 40, 49, 94. 140. 154. 168 Seine boat 13, 119, 125 Seine nets 113, 119, 125 Seminar recommendations 27, 116, 189 Sepeiofeu^hts lessoniana 143, 201 Sepia aculeata 143, 153 Sepia brevimana 143 SepJa ettiptica 143 Sepia pharaonis 143, 153 Sepia prashadi 143 Sepiella inermts 143 Seriatopora 64 Sex determination 35, 58, 62, 85, 96. 143. 191 Sex maturity 35, 58, 62, 85, %, 143, 191 Sex ratio 143, 191 Sharks 7, 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 127. 133. 157. 158

160, 165, 168, 180 Shell 15, 101, 204, 207 Shell dredge 204, 207 Shell production 204, 207 Shrimp farntMng 24, 60, 63^123 Shrimp fishery 77, 119, l6l Shrimp management 161 Shrimp resources 77, 119 Shrimp trawl 21. 31. 119 SilverbcDy 7, 8. 23. 40. 49. 119. 127, 133, 157, 158.

165. 168, 180

13

Saiaao sihama 7, 8, 23, 40, 49, 127, 133, 157, 158, 165, 168, 180

Sipunculids- 204 Skates 66, 127, 134, 143 SkeletcmerrKi costatum 64, 193 Skin diver 102, 169 Skin diving 102, 169 Skqjjack 188 Small scale- fisheries 21, 27, 30, 157, 164, 166. Socio economic situation 53, 69. 77, 78, 119, 122,

137, 157 Sociological aspects 53, 69, 77, 78, 122, 137, 157 Software 189 Soles 7, 8. 23, 40, 49. 94, 119, 133, 168, 180 Solenocera crassicorms 19, 31, 105, 145, 175 Solenocera indica 9, 31, 105, 145, 175 Spawners 177 Species composition 1, 7, 8, 19, 23, 31-, 40, 43, 49,

58. 62, 66, 77, 89, 94. 100, 105, 119, 127, 133, 134, 143, 145, 147, 153, 154. 158, 165. 166, 168, 175, 180, 200

Sperm whale 106, 178 Sphyraena 7, 8. 23, 40, 49, 94, 133, 168 Sphyraena barracuda 129 SfihyrfKna jello 129 SphyrtKna obtusata 129 Spiny lobster 173, 174 Spiny lobster culture 173 Sponges 204 Squids 44, 106, 143, 201, 209 Standardisation 189 Starfish 59 Stock assessment 62, 161. 189 Stolefôrus batauienas 131. 147 Stolerôrus buccaneeri 147 Stolefdiorus devia 147 Stolephorus macrops 147 Stratified multistage sampling 189 Suaeda 64 Stomatopods 119. 197 Synopsis 1. 19, 31, 43, 105, 145, 175

Tachysurus tenuispinis 182 Tagging 185 Thais rudolphi 64. 204 Threadfin breams 134 Thrissocles 7. 8. 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 133, 168. 180 Thryssa sp 127 Thunmjs albacares 58 Thunrms obesus 58, 192 Thunnus tonggpi 58 Tiger prawn 54 Traditional fishery 157, 166 Training 27, 144

Trachi/notus 8, 23, 40, 49, 94, 119, 127, 133, 168 Transfer of technology 26, 114, 177, 187, 194, 202,

208 Trachypenaeus curvirostris 145 Trachvpenaeus sedili 145 Transportation 82 Trawlers 13, 71, 77, 83, 89, 125, 143, 148, 164. 165,

180, 189, 200 Trawl fisheries 13, 77, 89. 125, 143. 149. 160, 170,

180, 200 Trawl net 13, 77, 89. 125, 149, 169, 170. 180 Trawling surveys 13, 125 Trichiurus 157 Trichiurus lepturus 165 Trichiurid 165 Trichiurus spp 64 Trochus nUoticus 64 Trolling 58 Tuna 7, 8, 23, 40, 49, 58, 94, 120, 133, 145, 153, 154,

165, 168, 193 Tuna breeding 120 Tuna long liners 58, 189 Tunnies 7, 8. 23, 40, 49, 58, 94, 133, 145, 153, 154,

164, 168, 193 Turbinaria peltate 64 Turtle 154, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216 Turtle conservation 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216 Turtle farming 67 Turtle hatchery 216 Turtle landings 30, 119, 120, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214.

215, 216 Turtle rookery 212

Ulva sp 15 Ulva reticulata 64 Under water exploration 102, 106, 169 Upwelling 28

Valampuri (sinistral) chank 11 Venurupis macrophi^lla 204 Vermetes 64 Vessel 128, 186

Wahoo 193 Whale sharks 195 White bait 30, 127, 147 White fish 119 White pomfret 160 Wolf herring 30, 154

Xancus pi;rum 101, 204

Yield 14, 96. 97, 108, ip9, 110, 130, 138, 192, 1%, 198

Zooplankton 190

14

AUTHOR INDEX Abdul Nizar, M. See Pai, M.V. Abdul Nizar, M. See Reghu, R. Alagaraja, K. See Jacob, T. Akgaraja, K. See Panikkar, K.K.P. Alagaraja, K. See Venkataraman, G. Alagarswami, K. See Appukuttan, K.K. Alexander Kurian See Deshmkh, V.M. Annigeri, G.G. See Duikhed, M.H. Appukuttan, K.K. and K. Alagarswami 1970 70 Appukuttan, K.K. Mathew Joseph, K.T. Thomas and

T. Prabhakeran Nair 1980 101 Appukuttan, K.K. See Thomas, P.A. Aravindakshan, M. and Karbhari, J.P. 1983 191

Baiachandran, K. See Reghu, R. Balakrishnan, G. See Jacob, T. Balakumar, S.K. See Meenakshisundaram, P.T. Balan, K. See George, M.J. Balan, V. See Jacob, T. Balan, V. and R. Reghu 1970 62 Balasubramanian, K.K. See Somasekharan

Nair, K.V. Bande, V.N., G. Luther, S. Lazarus and

A.A. Jayaprakash 1980 106 Bande, V.N. See Natarajan, S. Bastian Fernando 1983 213 Bastian Fernando, A. See Silas, E.G. 210, 211 Bhaskaran Achari, R. See Luther, G.

Chandrasekhar, S See Meenakshisundaram, P.T Channappa Gowda See Dhulkhed, M.H. Chidambaram, L. Chidambaram, L. Chidambaram, L. CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI CMFRI

1978 CMFRI

1978 CMFRI

1979

1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1982 1983 1983 1983

1980 74 See E. Vivekanandan Sec Palani, E. 14 15 27 30 66

113-118 127 189 177 187 203 208 216

Crustacean Fishery Resources Team 1



CMFRI Crustacean Fishery Resources Team 1979 43




CMFRI Fishery Resources Assessment Division 1978 6








CMFRI Fishery Resources Assessment Division 1980 94 .




CMFRI Fishery T a ^ n g Project Team 1982 185

Dan, S.S. 1982 150 Dan, S.S. See Rajagopal, M. Dan, S.S. See Silas E.G. 211,212 Datta, K.K. See Sudhakara Rc», G. Deivendra Gandhi, A. See Nagappan Nayar, K. Deshmukh, V.M. and Alexander Kurian 1980 85 Dharmaraja, S.K. See Jacob, T. Dhanaraju, K. See Ramasomayajulu Dhulkhed, M.H. See Silas, E.G. Dhulkhed, M.H. 1981 140 DhiJkhed, M.H. G.G. Annigeri and Kulkarni, G.M.

1983 193 Dhulkhed, M.H., S. Heffiumantharaya and

N. Channapa Gowda 1982 182 Dhulkhed, M.H., G. MuthiaH, G. Syda Rao and

N.S. Radhakrishnan 19S2 153 Dorairaj, K., R. Soundararajan and D. Kandasami

1980 96

15

Ganamuthu, J.C. See Meenakshisundaram, P.T. Gandhi, V. See Mohanraj, G. Haja Najeemudeen, S. See Shanmughavelu, R. George, K.C. See Natarajan, S. George, M.J. 1982 161 George, M.J., C. Suseelan and K. Balan 1981 119 George, M.J., C. Suseelan, M.M. Thomas and

N.S. Kurup 1980 77 Girijavallabhan, K.G., S. Krishna Pillai,

R. Marichamy, C.V. Mathew, T.S. Naomi, Pon Siraimeetan, K., Ramachandran Nair, Rani Mary Jacob, G. Subramanya Bhat, and K.J. Mathew 1982 190

Girijavallabhan, K.G. See Vivekanandan, E. Gopakumar, G. See Luther, G. Gopalakrishnan, K.N. See Selvaraj, G.S.D. Gopalakrishnan, K.N. See Suseelan, C. Gopalakrishna Pillai, N. and R. Sathiadhas

1982 160 Gopinathan, C.P. See Rao, D.S. Gopinathan, C.P. See Nagappan Nayar, K. Gopinatha Pillai, C.S. See Murty, A.V.S. Gopinatha Pillai, C.S., M.S. Rajagopalan and

M.A. Varghese 1979 64 Government of India 1982 186

Hanumantharaya, S. See Dhulkhed, M.H.

Jacob, T., K. Alagaraja, S.K. Dharmaraja, K.K.P. Panikkar, G. Balakrishnan, U.K. Sathyavan, V. Balan and K.V.N. Rao 1982 166

Jacob T., S.K. Dharmaraja and K.K.P. Panikkar 1979 53

Jacob T. and G. Venkataraman 1979 38 Jayabalan, N. See Mahadevan Pillai, P.K. Jayaprakash, A.A. See Bande, V.N. Jayaprakash, A.A. See Pai, M.V. Jayaprakash, A.A. See Somasekharan Nair, K.V. Josanto, V. See Murty, A.V.S.

Kandasami, D. See Dorairaj, K. Karbhari, J.P. 1981 139 Karbhari, J.P. 1982 183 Karbhari, J.P. See Aravindakshan, M. Karuppasamy, P. 1979 32 Kathirvel, M. See Suseelan, C. Kathirvel, M. See Vivekanandan, E. Kesavan Elayath See Narayana Rao, K.V. Krishna Pillai, S. See Girijavallabhan, K.G. Krishna Pillai, S. See Nammalwar, P. Kulkarni, G.M. See Dhulkhed, M.H. Kuriakose, P. S. See Pai, M.V. Kurup, N.S. 1970 57 Kurup, N.S. See George, M.J. Kurup, N.S. See Suseelan, C.

Kuthalingam, M.D.K., G. Luther, S. Lazarus and K. Prabhakaran Nair 1982 165

Lalitha Devi, S. See Sudhakara Rao, G. Lai Mohan, R.S. 1983 198 Lai Mohan, R. S. and K. Nandakumaran

1980 110 Lai Mohan, R. S. and K. Nandakumaran

1981 130 Laxminarayana, A. See Muthu, M.S. Lazarus, S. See Bande, V.N. Lazarus, S. See Kuthalingam, M.D.K. Livingston, P. See Murty, A.V.S. Luthtr, G. See Bande, V.N. Luther, G. See Kuthalingam, M.D.K. Luther, G. See Narayana Rao, K.V.N. Luther G., P.N. Radhakrishnan Nair, G. Gopakumar

and Prabhakaran Nair K. 1982 157 Luther G., P.A. Thomas, P.N. Radhakrihnan Nair

and Bhaskaran Achari, R. 1982 164

Mahadevan S. and K. Nagappan Nayar 1980 102 Mahadevan S. and K. Nagappan Nayar 1980 111 Mahadevan S. and K. Nagappan Nayar 1982 169 Mahadevan S., K. Nagappan Nayar and P. Muthiah

1980 108 Mahadevan Pillai P.K. 1980, 1982 90, 162 Mahadevan Pillai P.K., N.J. Jayabalan, M. Srinath and S. Subramani 1981 200 Marichamy, R. See Mohamed, K.H. Marichamy, R. See Girijavallabhan, K.G. Marichamy R. and Rajapackiam S. 1983 192 Mathew, C.V. See Girijavallabhan, K.G. Mathew, K.J. See Girijavallabhan, K.G. Mathew, K.J. See Rao, D.S. Mathew, K.J. See Selvaraj, G.S.D. Mathew Joseph See Appukuttan, K.K. Meenakshisundaram P.T.,J.C. Ganamuthu,

R. Sarvesan,E. Vivekanandan, M. Rajagopalan, S. Srinivasarengan,S.K. Balakumar, S. Chandrasekar and P. Thirumilu 1981 134

Mestry, A.Y. See Ramamurthy, S. Meiyyappan, M.M. See Silas, E.G. Mohamed K.H., M.S. Muthu and R. Marichamy

1980 109 Mohanraj G. A. Raju, V. Gandhi and

V.S. Rengaswamy 1983 1% Murty A.V.S., G. Subbaraju, C.S.G. Pillai, V. Josanto,

P. Livingston and R. Vasantha Kumar 1979 59

Murty, A.V.S. See Rao, D.S. Muthiah, C. 1982 154 Muthiah, C. See Dhulkhed, M.H. Muthiah, C. See Silas, E.G.

16

Muthiah, P. See Mahadevan, S. Muthu M.S. and Laxminarayana A. Muthu, M.S. See Mohamed, K.H.

1979 39

Nagappan Nayar, K. See Mahadevan, S. 102, 108, 111, 169

Nagappan Nayar K., M.E. Rajapandian, A. Deivendra Gandhi and C.P. Gopinathan 1982 181

Nammalwar P. and S. Krishnapillai 1983 209 Nammalwar P. and V. Thanapathi 1982 178 Nandakumaran, K. See Lai Mohan, R.S.

110, 130 Naomi, T.S. See Girijavallabhan, K.G. Narasimham, K.A. 1980 97 Narayana Rao K.V., G. Syda Rao,

G. Luther and M.N. Kesavan Elayath 1982 147

Narayana Rao See Jacob, T. Natarajan, S. 1981 128 Natarajan S., KG. George and V.N. Bande

1980 73 Noble, A. 1978 35 Noble, A. 1982 148

Pai M.V., K.V. Somasekharan Nair, A. A. Jayaprakash and Abdul Nizar 1983 197

Pai M.V. and P.S. Kuriakose 1981 138 Palani E. and L. Chidambaram 1982 195 Panikkar, K.K.P. 1980 78 Panikkar K.K.P. and K. Alagaraja 1981 137 Panikkar, K.K.P. See Jacob, T. 53, 166 Parameswaran Pillai, P. See.Silas, E.G.

58, 100 Pon Siraimeetan See Girijavallabhan, K.G. Prabhakaran Nair, K. See Appukuttan, K.K. Prabhakaran Nair, K. See Kuthalingam, M.D.K. Prabhakaran Nair, K. See Luther, G. Prabhakaran Nair, K. See Silas, E.G.

Radhakrishnan K., S. Reuben and M.V. Somaraju 1981 131

Radhakrishnan, N.S. See M.H. Dhulkhed Radhakrishnan, N.S. See S. Ramamurthy Radhakrishnan E.V. and M. Vijayakumaran

1982 174 Radhakrishnan Nair, P.N. See G. Luther

157, 164 Rajapackiam, S. See R. Marichamy Rajapandian, M.E. See K. Nagappan Nayar Rajagopalan, M. 1983 214 Rajagopalan, M. See Meenakshisundaram, P.T. Rajagopalan, M. See Silas, E.G. — 210, 211, 212 Rajagopalan, M. See Vivekanandan, E.

Rajagopalan M. and S.S. Dan 1%3 215 Rajagopalan, M.S. See Gopinatha Pillai, C.S. Rajagopalan, M.S. See Silas, E.G. Raju, A. See Mohanraj, G. Ramachandran Nair, K. See Girijavallabhan, K.G. Ramadoss, K. See P.A. Thomas Ramamurthy S., M.H. Dhulkhed,

N.S. Radhakrishnan and K.K. Sukumaran 1978 20

Ramamurthy S. and A.Y. Mestry 1983 199 Ramasomayajulu and K. Dhanaraju 1983 209 Rani Mary Jacob See Girijavallabhan, K.G. Rao D.S., K.J. Mathew, C.P. Geînathan,

A. Reghunathan and A.V.S. Murty 1980 81

Rasach^ndra Kartha, K.N. 1982 176 Reghu R., K. Balachandran "and M. Abdul

Nizar 1%2 149 Reghu, R. See Balan, V. Reghunathan, A. See Rao, D.S. Rengaswamy, V.S. See G. Mohanraj Reuben, S. See Radhakrishna, K.

Sarvesan, R. See Silas, E.G. Sarvesan, R. See Meenakshisundaram, PT. Sathyanarayana Rao, K. See Silas, E.G. Sathyavan, U.K. See Jacob, T. Sathiadas, R. 1982 ISB Sathiadas, R. See Gopalakri^na Pillai, N. Sathiadas, R. See Shanmughavelu, C.R. Sathiadas, R. and G. Venkataraman 1981 122 Selvaraj G.S.D., K.J. Mathew and

K.N. Gopalakrishnan 1980 22 Selvaraj, V. See Vivekanandan, E. Shanmughavelu C.R., R. Sathiadas and

S. Najeemudeen 1979 50 Silas, EG. 1982 173 Silas E.G., P. Parameswaran Pillai,

M.H. Dhulkhed, C. Muthjah and G. Syda Rao 1980 100

Silas E.G., M. Rajagopalan and A. Bastian FernanA) 1983 210

Silas E.G., M. Rajagopalan, A, Bastian Fernando and S.S. Dan 1983 211

Silas E.G., M. Rajagopdan and S.S. Dan 1983 212

Silas E.G. M.S. Rajagopalan and P. Parameswaran Pjllai 1979 58

Silas E.G., K. Sathyanarayana Rao, R. Sarvesan, K, Prabhakaran Nair and M.M. Meiyyappan 1982 144

Silas E.G. and P. Vedavyasa Rao 1980 98 Somaraju, M.V. See Radhakrishna, K. Somasekharan Nair K.V. and A.A. Jayaprakash

1983 205

17

Somasekharan Nair K.V. and A.A. Jayaprakash 1983 205

Somasekharan Nair K.V., A.A. Jayaprakash, K.K. Sukumaran, K.Y. Telang and K.K. Balasubramanian 1982 170

Somasekharan Nair, K.V. See Pai, M.V. Soundararajan, R. See Dorairaj, K. Srinath, M. See Mahadevan Pillai, P.K. Subbaraju, G. See Murthy, A.V.S. Subramanya Bhat, G. See K.G. Giriavallabhan Sukumaran, K.K. See S. Ramamurthy Sukumaran, K.K. See Somasekharan Nair, K.V. Sukumaran K.K., K.Y. Telang and

O. Tippeiswamy 1982 180 Subramani, S. See Mahadevan Pillai, P.K. Sudhakara Rao, G. 1982 151 Sudhakara Rao G. and K.K. Datta 1982 179 Sudhakara Rao G., C. Suseelan and S. Lalitha Devi 1980 89 Suseelan, C. See George, M.J. 77, 119 Suseelan C. and M. Kathirvel 1979 54 Suseelan C., M.M. Thomas, N.S. Kurup and

K.N. Gopalakrishnan 1982 146 Suseelan, C. See Sudhakara Rao, G. Syda Rao, G. 1983 207 Syda Rao, G. See Dhulkhed, M.H. Sj/da Rao, G. See Narayana Rao, K.V.

Syda Rao, G. See Silas, E.G.

Telang, K.Y. See Somasekharan Nair, K.V. Telang, K.Y. See Sukumaran, K.K. Thanapathi, V. See Nammalwar, P. Thippeswamy, O. See' Sukumaran, K.K. Thirumilu, P. See Meenakshisundaram, P.T. Thomas, K.T. See Appukuttan, K.K. Thomas, M.M. See George, M.J. Thomas, M.M. See Suseelan, C. Thomas P.A., K.K. Appukuttan, K. Ramadoss

and S.G. Vincent 1983 204 Thomas, P.A. See G. Luther

Varghese, M.A. See Gopinatha Pillai Vasanthakumar, R. See A.V.S. Murty Vedavyasa Rao, P. 1980 86 Vedavyasa Rao, P. See Silas E.G. Venkataraman G. and K. Alagaraja 1980 69 Venkataraman, G. See T. Jacob Venkataraman, G. See R. Sathiadas Vijayakumaran, M. See Radhakrishnan, E.V. Vincent, S.G. See Thomas, P.A. Vivekanandan E., M. Kathirvel, V. Selvara},

K.G. Girijavallabhan, M. Rajagopalan and L. Chidambaram 1983 206

Vivekanandan, E. See Meenakshisundaram, P.T.

RECORD PRODUCTION OF MILKFISH FROM PONDS DEVELOPED IN SANDY BEACH AT CALICUT

The milkfish, Ch<mos charms, a hardy, euryhaline and fast growing species was cultured to study the production as well as survival rates in the pump-fed, polyethylene film lined ponds developed on sandy beach at Calicut Research Centre of CMFRI from July 1982 to February 1983. In experiments conducted in 0.20 ha ponds a production of 1819 kg/ha/169 days (3927 kg/ha/year) in a monoculture pond, 1308.9 kg/h£ /169 days (2825 kg/hVyear) in a polyculture pond with prawn Penaeus indicus and 1007.4 kg/ha/211 days (1741 kg/ha/year) in a mixed culture pond with prawn, P. indicus and fish Etroplus suratensis was obtained.

The maximum survival rate was 87.1% in monoculture pond, 74.4% in polyculture pond and 48.9% in mixed culture pond. In milkfish stocked at 18 mm size brought h om Mandapam in the east coast, maximum growth of 361 mm in length and 357 g in weight was observed at harvest after 169 days of stocking. The fishes were fed with an artificial feed made out of coconut oil cake, ground nut oil cake and rice bran mixed in the ratio 1 : 1 : 1 at the rate of 10% of the body weight.

S. LAZARUS AND K. NANDAKUMARAN

18

LIST OF BULLETINS AND SPECIAL PUBUCATIONS ISSUED FROM CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE

CMFRI BuUetin

1. Biblbgraphy of marine fisheries and oceanography of the Indian Ocean, 1%2-1%7. V. Sriramachandra Murty, D.C.V. Easterson A. Bastin Fernando K.K. Appukuttan and M.S. Ameerhamsa.

2. Catalogue of serials and expedition reports in the Library of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute. K. Kanakasabhapathy •

3. An annotated bibliography on the breeding habits and development of fishes of the Indian region. S. Jones and P. Bensam

4. Bibliography of the Indian Ocean 1900-1930 — A supplement to the 'Partial Bibliography'. K. Alagarswamy, R.S. Lalmohan D.B. James and K.K. Appukuttan

5. Bibliography of the Indian Ocean, 1968 (With a supplement for 1%2-1967). v. Sriramachandra Murty D.C.V. Easterson and A. Bastin Fernando

6. Distribution pattern of the major exploited marine fishery resources of India. K. Virabhadra Rao

7. Catalogue of types and of sponges, corals, poly-chaetes, crabs echinoderms in the reference collections of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute. CMFRI

8. Catalogue of fishes from the Laccadive Archipelago in the reference collections of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute. S. Jones

9. Catalogue of molluscs, prawns, stomatopods and marine algae in the reference collections of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute. CMFRI

10. Catalogue of fishes (excluding from the Lac-cadives) in the reference collections of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute. V. Sriramachandra Murty

11. Bibliography of the Intfian Ocean 1931-1961. — A supplement to the 'Partial Bibliography'. R.S. Lalmohan, D.B. James and K.K. Appukuttan

12. Exploratory fishing by R.V. Varuna. E.G. Silas

13. Marine fish production in India, 1950-1968. CMFRI

14. Prawn fisheries of India. CMFRI

15. Bibliography ot the echinoderms of the IrKlian Ocean. D.B. James and R.S. Ldmohan

16. The Indian oil sardine. B.T. -Antony Raja

17. Mackerel and Oil Sardine tagging proâmme (1966-67 to 1968-69). M.S. Prabhu and G. Venkataranan

18. The polynemid fishes of India. P.V. Kagwade

19. Bibliography of contributions from Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute. K. Kanakasabhapathy

20. The economic seaweeds of India. M. Umamaheswara Rao

21. The Bombay Duck, Harpodon nehereus (Ham) S.V. Bapat

22. Primary productivity in the Indian seas. P.V. Ramachandran Nair

23. The Tunas and Tuna like fishes of Irxfia. CMFRI

24. The Indian Mackerel. CMFRI

25. The commercial molluscs of India. Ed. R.V. Nair and K.S. Rao

26. The dugong Dugong diôn. R.V. Nair, R.S. Lalmohan and K. Satyanarayana Rao.

19

27. Exploited marine fishery resources of India: A synoptic survey, with comments on potential resources. . E.G. Silas, S.K. Dharma Raja and K. Rengarajan

28. Coastal aquaculture: marine prawn culture: Part 1. Larval development of Indian penaeid prawns. Ed. K.N. Krishna Kartha

29. Coastal Aquaculture: Mussel farming progress and rfpor,ts. . Ed. K. i?8i!garsw^mi

30. A. Proceedings of the seminar on the role of small-scale fisheries and coastal aquaculture in integrated rural development, 6-7 December 1978, Madras.

30. B. Present status of small-scale fisheries India and a few neighbouring countries. CMFRI

m

31. CoE^stal Zone Management: mudbanks of Kerala Coast. Ed. K.N. Krishna Kartha

32. Resources of Tunas and related species and their fisheries in the Indian Ocean. E.G. Silas and P.P. Pillai

33. Fishery resources of the exclusive economic zone of the northwest coast of India. S.V. Bapat, V.M. Deshmukh, B. Krishnamoorthi, C. Muthiah, P.V. Kagwade, C.P. Ramamirtham, K.J. Mathew, S. Krishnapillai and C. Mukundan

34. Mariculturfe potential of Andaman and Nicobar islands: An indicative survey. Ed. K. Alagarswami

35. Sea Turtle Research and Conservation. Ed. E.G. Silas, M. Vijayakumaran and P.T. Meenakshi Sundaram.

(1 to 27 and 32 out of stock)

CMFRI Special Publication

Number 1. Pearl culture training: Long-term and short-term courses. Ed. K.N. Krishna Kartha

Number 2. Mariculture research and developmental activities. Ed. K.N. Krishna Kariha

Number 3. Summer Institute in breeding and rearing of marine prawns: Held at Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin from 11 May to 9 June 1977. Ed. K.N. Krishna Kartha

Number 4. Economics of the indigenous fishing units at Cochin: A case study. A. Noble and V.A. Narayanan Kutty

Number 5. Seminar on the role of Small scale Fisheries and Coastal Aquaculture in integrated rural development: Madras, 6-9 December 1978. CMFRI

Number 6. Proceedings of the first workshop on technology transfer in coastal aquaculture held at Cochin, 23-24 July and Mandapam, 27-28 July 1979. Ed. K. Alagarswami and K.N. Krishna Kartha.

Number 7. Manual of research methods for crustacean biochemistry and physiology. Ed. M.H. Ravindranath

Number 8. Manual of research methods for fish and shellfish nutrition. CMFRI

Number 9. Manual of research methods for marine invertebrate reproduction. T. Subramaniam

Number 10. Analysis of marine fish landings in India: A new approach. K. Alagaraja, K. Narayana Kurup, M. Srinath and G. Balakrishnan

Number 11. Approaches to finfish and shellfish pathology investigations. CMFRI

Number 12. A code list of common marine living resources of the Indian seas. G. Venkataraman, P.K. Mahadevan Pillai and Joseph Andrews

Number 13. Application of genetics in aquaculture. V.J. Bye and A.G. Ponniah

Number 14. Manual of research methods for invertebrate endocrinology. R. Nagabhushanam, R. Sarojini and M.S. Mirajkar

Number 15. Production and use of Artemia in aquaculture. Patrick Sorgeloos and S. Kulasekara Pandian

20

Number 16. Manual on marine toxins in bivalve Number 18. Proceedings of the Workshop on Sea molluscs and general consideration of shellfish Turtle Conservation, sanitation (in press). Ed. E.G. Silas

Number 19. Mariculture Research under the Centre Number 17. Handbook on diagnosis and control of of Advance Studies, CMFRI (in press).

bacterial diseases in finfish and shellfish culture (in press). (1 to 6, 8, and 11 out of stock) C. Thankappan Pillai

LABORATORY PRODUCTION OF SEED OF GREEN MUSSEL PERNA VIRIDIS

Adult mussels (Perna viridis) with mature gonad were induced to spawn at the Kovalam Field Laboratory of CMFRI by subjecting them to thermal stimulation. The mussels were kept at 18° - 20°C for half an hour and transferred quickly to sea water at 30° - 32°C. Within an hour, spawning occurred and the orange coloured eggs settled at the bottom of the tank.

The fertilized eggs measuring 45 - 50>u in diameter were washed well and allowed to develop in a 200-1 fibre glass tank containing pure sea water. The straight-hinge or D-shape larvae, measuring 65 -70/u, were obtained in about 24 hours after fertilization. The larvae were screened through 41 u bolting silk and transferred to a 1000-1 larval rearing tank. The larval density was adjusted to 5000 larvae per litre. From the third day onwards the larvae were fed with a mixed microalgal culture containing Chaetoceros sp., Skeletonema sp. and other every minute algal cells. Aeration was provided to maintain oxygen level and also to keep the larvae and the algal cells in suspension. Half the quantity of water in the rearing tank was changed on alternate days.

The larvae passed through various development stages, namely umbo, eyed stage and pediveliger stage and attained a length of 280 - 300 u on the 15th day after fertilization. The pediveliger possessed a well developed foot, with which it started crawling and exploring the substratum, a pair of dark eye spot, 4-5 rudiments of gills and degenerating velar lobe. Experimental spat collectors such as tile, velon screen, frayed nylon rope, byssal threads of green mussel, glass wool and shells of oyster and mussel were introduced in the tank. First spatfall was observed on the 16th day and continued for about a week. Intense spatfall at 2-8 spat per sq. cm was obtained on glass wool, byssal threads and tiles. The length of a just settled spat was 320>ti. Posterior elongation of the shell took place when the larvae were 22 days old with a length of 390 - 420/u and possessed 6-7 gill filaments. At the end of one month (July 1983) the spat measured 1.25-1.50 mm in length and had 3-4 patches of green colour along the margin of the shell. The spat usually ascended the wall of the tank and congregated at the water level. They attained a length of 3.5-4.0 mm in about 45 days.

For the first time in India the sea mussel has been bred successfully in the laboratory. This paves the way to further advances in the development of technology for large-scale production of mussel seed in hatchery.

K. RANGARAJAN

Compiled and prepared by M.J. George, G. Subbaraju, S.K. Dharmaraja & E. Johnson Published by Dr. M.J. George, Senior Scientist on behalf.of the Director, Central Marine Fisheries Research institute,

Cochin-682018 and Printed at PAICO, Cochin-31,

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