Xac Dinh Ham Luong Chi Trong Rau Xanh

7/31/2019 Xac Dinh Ham Luong Chi Trong Rau Xanh

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Faculty of Applied Chemistry

XC NH HM LNG CHTRONG RAU XANH

Nhm 1-2

Nguyn Th Yn Nhi

Ng Th M Dung

H Mnh Khang

L Trung Hiu

Nguyn Hong Minh


2/29


Gii thiu v rau xanh v vai tr ca n i vi conngi.

Gii thiu v ch v tc hi ca ch.Gii thiu v phng php F-AAS.

Phng php x l mu kh t.

Thc nghim v kt qu.

NI DUNG


3/29


GII THIU V RAU XANH V VAI TRCA N I VI CON NGI

Tm quan trng ca rau xanh Cung cp vitamin, mui khong

Cung cp cht x

Gip h tr tiu ha

Ngn nga cc bnh v tim mch.


4/29


Rau sch l rau khng b nhimbi cc tc nhn l,ha, sinh hcvt qu quy nh cho php.

Rau khng nhhngtisckhe con ngi.


Th no l rau sch?


5/29


Do trong rau b nhim vi khun, vi rt, k sinh trng


nhim sinh hc


6/29


nhim kim loi nng, ha cht bo v thc vt, chtph gia.


nhim ha hc


7/29


Do trong rau c cha: Sn, ct v s dng cc tia phngx bo qun rau.


nhim vt l


8/29


GII THIU V CH

Tnh cht vt l Ch l kim loi mu xm thm, rtmm, dlt mng, c cu trc kiu lpphng tm din,stht l 82 trong bnghthngtun hon.


9/29


10/29


Ch b oxi ha thnh lp oxit mu xm bao bc trn b mt

2Pb + O2 2PbO

Ch tc dng vi halogen v cc nguyn t phi kimPb + X2 PbX2

Ch chtc dng trn bmt acid HCl long v dung dchacid sunfuric < 80% v b bao bc bi lp mui kh tan

nhng i vi dung dch m hn ca cc acid ch cth tan v lpmui kh tan lpbovchuyn thnh hpcht tan.

PbCl2+ 2HCl H2PbCl4

PbSO4 + H2SO4 Pb(HSO4)2

GII THIU V CH

Tnh cht ha hc


11/29


Vi HNO3phnngvibt k nng no

3Pb + 8HNO3 3Pb(PN3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O

Ch khi c mt oxi c th tc dngvinc

2Pb + 2H2O + O2 Pb(OH)2

Ch c th tan trong acid acetic v cc dung dch cht

hu c khc2Pb + 4CH3COOH + O2 2Pb(CH3COO)2 + 2H2O

Khi un nng ch tc dngvi dung dchkim

Pb + 2KOH + 2H2O K2[Pb(OH)4] + H2

GII THIU V CH

Tnh cht ha hc


12/29


Dng trong xy dng,c qui ch, n v l mtphncanhiuhp kim.

N c s dng nh cht nhum trng trong sn,thnh phn mu trong trng men cbit l to mu v vng.

Ngoi ra, n cn c dng trong cc tm ngnchng phng x v trong nha PVC. Thm vo na l don c tnh chngn mn cao nn n c s dng cha cc chtn mn nh axit sulfuric.

GII THIU V CH

ng dng


13/29


Ch l mt kim loic c th gy tnhi cho hthnkinh, gy ra cc chngrilon no v mu

Tip xc lu ngy c th gy bnh thn, v cc cnaubt thnggingnhaubng v lm gimkh

nng sinh sn nam giiiviphn mang thai, khi tip xc vi ch mccao c thbxy thai

TC HI CA CH I VI CON NGI


14/29


Ch lm gin on qu trnh chuyn ha axit amino-levalinicsang photpho-billinnogen lm tng protoporphyrin t do tronghngcu v vydnnthiu mu

Ch ph hy myelin ca cc dy thn kinh ngoi bin lm gimsdntruynthn kinh vnng

Ch cn gy ra tn thng thn, lm gim chcnng gan

tm thi, gy au khp, au u,bun nn, aubng, mtmi,

TC HI CA CH I VI CON NGI


15/29


GII THIU PHNG PHP F-AAS

Nguyn tc

trng thi bnh thng th cc nguyn t khnghp thu hay bcxnng lngnhng khi chng tntitrng thi t do didng cc mhi nguyn tth chng s hp thu v bc x nng lng v minguyn t ny ch hp thu nhng bc x nht nhtngngvinhngbcx m chng c th pht ra

trong qu trnh pht x.


16/29



Nguyn tc

Khi nguyn t nhn nng lng chng chuyn ln

mcnnglng cao hngi l trng thi kch thch vqu trnh cgi l qu trnh hp thu nnglngca nguyn tt do trng thi hi v to ra phcanguyn t v ph ny c gi l ph hp thunguyn t.


17/29



Cc qu trnhcnthittrong phpophhpth nguynt:

Chn iu kin v mt loi trang b ph hp chuyn ha mu phn tch t trang thi u (rn haydung dch) thnh trng thi hica nguyn tt do.

Chiu chm tia sng bcxctrngca nguyn tcn phn tch qua mhi nguyn tvato ra.

Nhmththng my quang ph thu ton b chmtia sng, phn li v chn mt vch ph hp th ca

nguyn tcn nghin cuocngca n.


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u im

C nhy v chnlc cao.

Trong nhiutrnghp khng cn lm giu nguyntcn xc nhtrc khi phn tch.

t tn nguyn tiumu, t thi gian v khng cn hacht tinh khit cao khi lm giu.

Trnh csnhimbn khi x l mu.

Ktqu phn tch nnh v sai snh.


19/29



Nhc im

Hthng my ttin,phctp v kh tinh vi.

S nhim bn rt c ngha i vi kt qu phntch hm lngvt.

Ch cho ta bit thnh phn nguyn t ca cht trong mu phn tch m khng chra trng thi lin kt

ca nguyn t trong mu.


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PHNG PHP X L MU KH T

Nguyn tc chungMu

Mt lng nh axitv cht ph gia

X l s bHn hp Than en

Tro trng

Nung 1000C

Nung

5000C

Troho

Than ho

Axit m c

Nung 1000CMui m


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Lng axit thng dng x l l rt t, v vys ttn km axit hn.

Sau khi x l sbem nung mus phn husnhanh hn

Hnchbtcsmtcamts kim loi trongkhi nung.

t tnnhiuthi gian.Dung dch thu c l sch v trong hn so vi v

c ho t.

PHNG PHP X L MU KH T

u im


22/29


Phng php x l t kh

Cc loi axit thng dng cho qu trnh x lt kh l: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, HCLO4......

Cc loi cht ph gia thng dng l: KNO3,Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2, Na2B4O7......


23/29


Phng php x l t khC ch phn hu:Giai on u x l t l k thut dng cc axit

mnh,c phn humu.

H2SO4 : ng vai tr phn hy cc hpchthucdo axit ny c khnngt chy chthuc.

HCl, HNO3, HClO4 : cc axit ny c vai tr xc tincho phnng nhanh hn v n c khnngctmch

phn t.V d: x l mu thc phm rau qu: Mu + HNO3 + H2SO4 CO2 + H2O + mui kim loi ha tan

F l f A li d Ch i


24/29


Phng php x l t khCch phn hu:Giai on sau l x l kh: sdngnhit cao

ph mu

Giai on than ha: mcchca qu trnh than ha llm bc hi nc v cc axit s dng trong giaion trc cng vi mt s cht bay hi nhit khong 1000C

Giai on tro ha: mc ch ca qu trnh tro ha lphn hy ton bchthuc c trong mu,gii phngkim loididngt do hay mui kim loi tan.

F lt f A li d Ch i t


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THC NGHIM

Qui trnh thc nghimRa sch

Mu

Tro trngNung 5000C

Nung 1000C

Sy kh5g mu, 10 ml HNO3 65%, 5ml

Mg(NO3)2 2%

Chn nung

Nung

1000C

Than enNung3 gi

4500C

Tro

20 ml HNO3 65%

Mui m

o bng thit b AAS

nhmcbngHNO32%



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KT QU

ng chun

Kt qu nng ch t ng chun

Kt qu o hm lng ch trong rau



27/29


KT QU

Giihn cho php 46/2007QBYT (mg/kg )

(1): mu rau ng(2): mu rau nhc

(3): mu rau ng



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http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%AC http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%AC#.E1.BB.A8ng_d.E1.BB.A5ng http://www.amthuc365.vn/t12930c167/cam-nang-huu-ich/2012/04/thuc-pham-nhiem-chi-va-cach-phong-tranh.html http://thanhdiadc.forumotion.com/t19-topichttp://rausach.com.vn/forum_posts.asp?TID=3152&PID=13810&SID=f928b8fe3be7b9383cd2ca9cdf9cc3z9&title=rau-xanh-ca-mi-ngi#13810

http://rausach.com.vn/forum_posts.asp?TID=3152&PID=13810&title=rau-xanh-ca-mi-ngi#13810 T Vng Nghi (2001), Ha hc phn tch-C s l thuyt cc phng php ha hcphn tch, NXB i hc Quc Gia H Ni Trn T Hiu, T Vng Nghi, Nguyn Vn Ri, Nguyn Xun Trung (2003)-Ccphng php phn tch cng c -phn hai-i hc Khoa hc T nhin -ihc

Quc Gia H Ni Phm Lun(1998), C s l thuyt phng php phn tch ph pht x v hp thnguyn t phn II-i hc Khoa hc T nhin-i hc Quc Gia H Ni Phm Lun (2003), Phng php phn tch ph hp th nguyn t- NXB i hcQuc gia H Nihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_t%C3%ADch_As_b%E1%BA%B1ng_ph%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_ph%C3%A1p_AAS

TI LIU THAM KHO

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Chn thnh cm n !

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Xac Dinh Ham Luong Chi Trong Rau Xanh