WSBC Oil&Gas Book1

8/8/2019 WSBC Oil&Gas Book1

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This Infoflip is for WorkSafeBC officersfor use as a guide in their inspectionalwork. Interested stakeholders may referto or use the information contained inthis infoflip to assist them in carryingout their occupational health and safetyroles and responsibilities. WorkSafeBCmakes no representations, warranties, or,condition, expressed or implied, that thisdocument is and will remain accurate at alltimes. WorkSafeBC is not responsible for

direct, indirect, special, or consequentialdamages, however caused, arisingfrom the use of this document andits information. This infoflip does notreplace the Occupational Health andSafety Regulation or the WorkersCompensation Act of BC. This infoflip isnot intended to explain the many healthand safety requirements that apply tothis industry. Employers and workersshould always refer to the WCAct/Regulation and applicable guidelinesfor specific requirements that apply totheir work operations and activities.

F I E L D O F F I C E R G U I D E

BOOK ONE

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IF.G.01.00284.B.01

WorkSafeBC Safety Officer Inspection Protocol

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ProtocolThe Officer must wear all PPE including:✎ Safety headgear ✎ Protective eye wear/screen

✎ Hearing protection ✎ Hi-visibility apparel (vest) as

✎ Safety footwear needed

✎ Gloves as needed ✎ FRC clothing

✎Weather-related gear when appropriate (rain, snow, cold)

✎ Chemical resistant clothing and gloves as needed

Accessing the Worksite Protocol

✎Review all posted signage, check in and radio use instructions,and site hazard signs (e.g., Sour Gas H2S) prior to entering

✎ Follow road protocol; no cell phone use while driving

✎When stopping, use the appropriate communication proceduresfor traveling on resource roads (radio frequency)

✎ Drive to the posted speed limit or current conditions

✎ Park out of the way and identify self to the Prime Contractor(PC), Producer/Producer's Rep before proceeding

✎ Receive site orientation or obtain a guide for the visit

✎ Follow all the Employers’ safety rules, where these rulessurpass WorkSafeBC’s own internal safety program

Pre-Inspection Protocol✎ Plan the inspection (Firm file check, EFS)

✎ Ensure site is active and obtain site orientation

Inspection Protocol✎ Be professional and respectful

✎ Keep accurate/complete field notes (blue Officer Notebook)including:

❃ Location of worksite and number of workers on site

❃ Names of persons who accompanies you

❃ Name of Supervisors and workers (Union if applicable)

❃ Equipment type(s), serial and model numbers

✎ If necessary record statements of Supervisor and Workers

✎ Take photographs and measurements as required

✎ Camera use/hot work permit as needed✎ Collect any information that would serve as a memory tool

Post-Inspection Protocol

✎ Complete inspection report

✎ If required and appropriate, visit firm’s office to discuss issuesrequiring further attention

✎ Follow provincial/regional administration processes

✎ Carry out normal inspection follow-up

Note: As per operating procedure, routineinspections must not be pre-announced.

01/2008 BK115



1 Glossary

1 Glossary

BlowoutPreventer(BOP) – The equipment installed at thewellhead for the purpose of controlling pressures in the annular

space between the casing and drill pipe (or tubing) during drilling,completion, and certain workover operations

Christmastree – The assembly of valves, pipes, and fittings used

to control flow of oil and gas from the well

Competent (whenreferringtoaworker) – Adequately qualified,suitably trained and with sufficient experience to safely perform

work with or without minimal supervision

CS/WC–Contract Supervisor/Wellsite Consultant–Usually

employed by the Producer as a contract employee

ERP– Emergency Response Plan

EngineeringControl – Methods of controlling Employee exposure

to safety or health hazards by enclosing the hazard, isolating theEmployee from the hazard, or reducing the transmission of thehazard to the Employee, without the use of personal protective

equipment

FSR– Forest Service Road

Fracturing(fracing)– Application of hydraulic pressure to thereservoir formation to create fractures through which oil or gas may

move to the wellbore

IRP– Industry recommended practices

LAD– Radio channel used for general communication; not to beused as a road channel

MEMPR– Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources

NOP– Notice of Project (for Construction, Forestry, etc.) submitted

to WorkSafeBC

OGC– Oil and Gas Commission of BC

PDR– Petroleum Development Road

P.Eng– Professional Engineer

PPE – Personal Protective Equipment

PPR– Personal Performance Review

QC– Qualified Coordinator – Person by reason of education,

training, and experience is knowledgeable of the work andassociated hazards and their control. Appointed by the Owner/PC

for the purpose of ensuring the coordination of OHS activities onmulti-employer worksites

QP–Qualified Person – Person designated by the Employer as

capable (by experience, education and/or specified training) toproperly fulfill the required function

RPs– Recommended practices or best practices

SFOS– Seismic Field Operations Supervisor

SiteSafetyPlan – Site specific plan that identifies all known

hazards and controls, site drawings or map that shows the projectlayout, First Aid location(s), emergency transportation provisions

and evacuation plan and muster locations

Snubbing– The insertion or extraction of downhole equipment by

a mechanical means while the well is live

SWP – Safe Work Procedures



2 OGC/MEMPR-CreationofaSecondOwner

2 OGC/MEMPR-CreationofaSecondOwner

Practice

Usually this second Owner is known as the Producer, which

can include a joint venture agreement between variousparties.The second Owner is usually granted based on the purchaseof land titles offered for sale by the Crown.Second Owners may also include permit holders, licence

holders i.e., geophysical permit, license to cut timber,

pipeline permit, well license, reclamation abandonment andproduction operation permits.

PeopleandEquipment

✎ Involved parties must discuss planning requirementsand the need for site safety plans to be achievable by

Contractors without compromising safety✎ Site safety plan changes may require amendments to the

operating approval, permit or well licence. If the changesare lengthy, contact must be made with the OGC

✎ Overlapping tenures such as recreation and logging mustbe identified to the Producer

✎ The site safety plan must ensure that planned equipmentuse is appropriate to site conditions and lease size

✎ Hauling of equipment and personnel must be done safelyon all planned road and access trails

Considerations

✎ A maintenance agreement must be in place for the access

road system and roads under road use permits

✎ The OGC ensures that road use permits are in place

✎ The Owner/Producer/permittee should be providedwith information about any hazards known to the OGC/

MEMPR

✎ Land provided should be maintained in a safe manner (for

example, ensuring that planned development in adjacentareas does not negatively impact site safety)

✎ Development plans are carried out considering projectlayouts, work activities, potential hazardous releases and

ERPs

✎ A protocol for visits by regulators, including the handlingof observed site hazards, should be communicated by theOwner

✎ Environmental requirements that affect safety are

identifiedSampleDocuments

✎ Site safety plans with notes

✎ Visitation protocol

✎ Maintenance agreement and road use permit

Validation

✎ Review site safety plans for safety issues

✎ Verify that known hazards are identified and land ismaintained in a safe manner

✎ Verify that a road maintenance and use system is in place



3 Producers–Planning

3 Producers–Planning

Practices

The Producer/permittee is responsible for preparing a site

safety plan within the guidelines provided to them by theOGC. Site safety plans must consider scope, and durationof activities and resources needed on site, equipment andpersonnel, and road systems. Site safety plans must be

achievable within the requirements of the WCAct/Regulation.

PeopleandEquipmentA system should be in place to ensure that safety issuesarising from the site safety plan are discussed and resolvedwith the OGC, or other land Owner. These discussions

should be documented.

Terrain and slope limitations in relation to equipment shouldbe considered in the site safety plan.

Considerations

A site safety plan always considers compliance with theWCAct/Regulation.

✎ A development plan is in place✎ Multiple-Employer workplaces are identified

✎ Circumstances in which the Owner is the PrimeContractor (PC) are identified

✎Where a PC is assigned, a written agreement spells outthe duties of the PC

✎When a PC is selected, the Owner ensures that they havethe knowledge and authority to carry out the assignedduties

✎ The Owner ensures that there is no overlap of PCs

Site safety plans should identify items such as:

✎ Known hazards (for example, potential sour zones)✎ Road locations and design

✎ Lease sizes

✎ Steep slopes

✎Well control concerns, i.e., shallow gas

✎ Exploration or production methods

✎ Access roads

Producers/permittees are responsible for responding tofires on their land or operating area. They must implementa response plan and communicate it to the PC or siteContractors.

SampleDocuments

✎ Site safety plan

✎ PC agreement

✎ Site Safety plan (Glossary)

Validation✎ Review plans and verify that work can be carried out

safely

✎ Review the PC agreement



4 Producers–Communication

4 Producers–Communication

Practices

Land Owners must inform Producers of known or

foreseeable hazards in the operating or permit area.Producers will typically discover more such hazards asthe site safety plan is developed. Disclosure of knownhazards to exploration and Service Contractors is important.

Communication should also focus on issues in the site safetyplan.

PeopleandEquipment

Site safety plans should be discussed and agreed upon,and provision made regarding safety issues with Owners, as

required.

Equipment needs should be discussed and changes shouldbe made to the site safety plan or equipment, as necessary.

Considerations

✎ A site safety plan is communicated to the PC/MainContractor and, where applicable, Exploration or ServiceContractors. All parties know of provisions to discuss

plans further as safety issues arise✎ The PC or main Service Contractor is aware of any

Contractors the Producer will hire directly. Expectations forhealth and safety standards have been discussed with allContractors hired by the Producer

✎ The PC’s authority has been communicated

✎ The role of the Owner/Producer (during site visits) is

known to all Contractors

✎ Known & foreseeable hazards have been communicated

✎ Extraordinary issues such as shallow gas, sour zones orlimited lease size have been identified to the PC/main

Contractor

✎ Protocols for well maintenance and use have been

communicated to the PC

✎ The Producer has informed the PC/main Contractor ofissues that the Owner/Producer will need to know aboutimmediately (for example, incidents or release of gases)

SampleDocuments

✎ Site safety plan and additional notes

✎ Documentation of additional discussions with land Ownersand agreed-upon changes

✎ Documentation of discussions about the Owner/Producer's

role, and known hazards, health and safety expectations

Validation

✎ Review the site safety plan and notes

✎ Identify whether changes to the plan are or were required,and the process followed

✎ Check for pertinent documentation of discussionsbetween Producer and site Contractors

✎ Validate discussions with site Contractors if feasible

✎ Determine whether road use protocols are known and

followed



5 Producer–RoadsandTrails

5 Producer–RoadsandTrails

Practices

The Producer/Road Permit Holder, or whomever they direct,

is responsible for building and maintaining high-graderoads and winter access trails. Slope limitations must beconsidered carefully when planning for construction of roadsand trails.

Once in place, access roads are maintained by contract.The Producer will likely remain the party who communicates

road issues to the OGC or the road use permit holder.WorkSafeBC has developed a program called the Resource

Road Safety Practices.

PeopleandEquipment

For access roads not under the Producer's control, an

agreement with the road maintainer/PDR holder must be inplace.

Good engineering practices and the applicable parts of theWCAct/Regulation must be used to ensure that truck and

equipment traveling roads and trails are safe, and are within

slope limitations. High grade roads and winter roads must bedesigned and constructed to allow for safe navigation by thetrucks and equipment that will use them.

Considerations

✎ Known hazards (such as loose rocks or unstable mushy

areas, potential slide areas, and dangerous trees) aremitigated and communicated to those affected

✎ Maintenance is planned for roads and bridges

✎ There is traffic control for safe vehicle coordination andwhenever the work process or equipment would endangerother vehicular traffic or people. This may be an issue

when other Contractors use a road through a lease asaccess to their location

Consider the following for access roads:

✎ Roads and bridges meet acceptable design andmaintenance standards

✎Road use permits are in place

✎ Known road hazards are communicated and mitigated

✎ Road signage, radio frequencies and usage protocols areidentified

SampleDocuments

✎ Site safety plan for high-grade road and winter road layout✎ Road use permit

✎ Road and bridge inspections

✎ Agreement with access road maintainer

Validation

✎ Check the suitability of all access roads✎ Review the site safety plan for high-grade road and winter

road layout

✎ Speak to site Contractors (truckers) about road issues



6 Producers–ContractorRelationships

6 Producers–ContractorRelationships

Practices

The key relationship for a Producer is with the PC. When a

Producer’s Representative visits a site, the PC is responsiblefor certain health and safety issues. This does not relieve theProducer of his or her duties as anEmployer. When Producers remain

PCs, they must establish andmaintain relationships with all site

Contractors for safety purposes.

PeopleandEquipment

A CS or equivalent is often in place.

If the site safety plan calls for equipment that is not usable

for safety reasons, the Producer should be notified.

Considerations

✎ Producers should be aware of PC's and ServiceContractors' safety programs, incident statistics, andcompliance history

✎ Producer site visit protocols should be known to allContractors

✎ Contractors should be aware of known hazards andenvironmental issues such as sour wells or shallow gas

✎ Single-Employer workplace responsibilities and

expectations should be clear. Employers/Contractorsshould be reminded of key responsibilities such as

emergency response, fire expectations, care when

operating equipment, well servicing requirements, andresponsibilities under the WCAct/Regulation

Multiple-Employer workplaces should be identified. Ensure

the following:

✎ The qualified coordinator (QC) is identified and has theknowledge and control to fulfill their role

✎ A site safety plan has been developed that specifies roles,

responsibilities, site drawing or map, project layout, FirstAid location, ERP, and muster points

✎ The authority of the QC is communicated to all

Contractors

✎ The Producer’s expectations are clear and understood

SampleDocuments✎ PC agreement if established in writing

✎ Notes of discussions with Contractors

Validation

✎ Review documentation and notes of discussions, and the

PC agreement

InmostOiland

Gassituationsthe

Producer/Owner

remainsasPC



7 Producers–ContractSupervision

7 Producers–ContractSupervision

Practices

When Producers enter into agreements with the Contract

Supervisor (CS)/Wellsite Consultant (WS) to manageworkplace safety, they will designate a QC to carry out dutiessuch as communicating known hazardsand contractual obligations. Site visits by

the QC may vary from once a week to aconstant site presence.

PeopleandEquipment

✎ The Producer must designate a QC or equivalent andtrain that person

✎When a QC is on site, the QC is responsible forrepresenting the Producer or, if designated, the PC in all

matters of health and safety.✎ From a WorkSafeBC officer’s standpoint, the QC or

Wellsite Supervisor is a Representative of the Producer

✎ The Producer/PC should provide the QC with a siteorientation

QCs should not direct work processes or equipment. Theyare present to manage the site and represent the Producer’s

interests.

Considerations

✎ A protocol is in place for site visits and documentation of

related site discussions with all Contractors✎ An initial on-site meeting takes place with the Contractors

(service) to discuss known hazards, scope of the work,and how to resolve issues

✎ Issues and pertinent discussions with Service Contractors

are relayed to the Producer

✎ Site visits are timely and regular enough to ensure thatthe contract is being followed and the location is beingmaintained safely

✎ Producer's Representatives follow all road and site safetyprotocols

SampleDocuments

✎ QC’s job description

✎ Visitation and orientation protocol

✎ Meetings with Service Contractors document

Validation

✎ Review documentation

✎ Verify the system with the QC and Producer

TheCSmay

alsofunction

astheQC



8 DiligenceDocumentation

8 DiligenceDocumentation

Practices

Documentation is crucial; it provides evidence that Owners

fulfill their duties without giving specific work direction. QCdocumentation must also support the separation of the two roles of

Owner and PC if established.

PeopleandEquipment

Records kept by the OGC and MEMPR may differ from those kept

by Producers/Owners/permittees.

Owner/Producer Representatives drive vehicles maintained/ operated safely in addition to following road usage protocols.

Considerations(for record keeping

SampleDocuments

✎ Site safety plans ✎ Contracts ✎ Logbooks ✎ Licenses

Validation

✎ Review relative documents

Records of pertinent documents are

kept by the individual groups

✔ ✔Site safety plans with modification notes,including approved changes

✔ ✔Contracts/permits regarding road use, well licencing,or GEO Permits and maintenance

✔ ✔ Bridge inspections✔ ✔ Road issues and resolutions

✔ ✔ OGC visits and discussions

✔ ✔ Other site contacts or visits

✔ ✔ Interactions with WorkSafeBC

O w n e r s /

P r o d

u c e r s

k e e p r e c

o r d s

O G

C / M E M

P R

k e e p r e c o

r d s

Owners/Producerskeeprecords

✔License (contract agreement) for scope of work, includinga list of known hazards identified by Owner

✔ Discussions with the OGC on approvals, plans, and roads

✔ Initial discussions with Contractors (known hazards andscope of work discussed)

✔ Discussions and signed agreement with PC if established

✔ Verification of PC’s safety system

✔ Overview of the site safety plan and ERP

✔ QC visits and issues discussed

✔ Records of Contractor claims/compliance history

✔ Site inspections and incident investigation reports

✔ Site safety committee/crew talk meeting minutes

OGC/MEMPRkeeprecords

✔ Tenures, licenses, and contracts✔ Discussions with the Producer/permit holder on tenures

and roads

✔ Discussions of known hazards and maintaining the landsafely

✔ ERP requirements and related audits

✔ Records of significant issues and resolutions



9 Planning

9 Planning

Practices

Owner, PCs and Contractors are likely to be considered

Employers when on site, with responsibilities of an Employer.Employers who have 20 or more Workers must have aformal safety program. Employers with fewer than 20Workers generally require a less formal program; however,

a formal program may be required if an officer deems itnecessary. Regardless of the size of an operation, the basic

duties specified in the WCAct/Regulation will still apply. AContractor’s site organization and procedures should support

the PC’s/Producer's system, not replace it.

PeopleandEquipment

Site safety plans should be reviewed to determine that the

requirements can be met without compromising safety. Ifthey cannot, the plan must be returned for revision.Equipment should match exploration, well servicing orproduction needs.

Considerations

The Owner or PC must ensure that a safety system is in

place, including the following:✎ Expectations for all Contractors/Contract Management

Program

✎ PC’s authority of workplace and relationship with Producer

✎ Schedule of planned safety meetings

✎ Identification of high-risk situations and work timing

✎ Coordination & sequencing of work, as it relates to safety✎ Number of persons expected on site

✎ Relevant IRPs

✎ Road signage and use protocols

✎ Traffic control system

✎ Emergency response plan

✎ Hazard identification and control✎ Identification of responsible Safety Supervisors Qualified

Person (QP) (for each Contractor)✎ Visitor and site orientation procedure and process

✎ Reliable communication with site location (Lat & Long)

✎ Risk assessment for high-hazard processes

The following are additional considerations:

✎ Larger sites may also have a plan for a safety committee,including its functions and duties

✎ If appointed PCs also require applicable site safetyorganization

✎ Known hazards identified by the Owner need to bemitigated before anyone is exposed to them

✎ Adequate sized leases should be planned

SampleDocuments

✎ Site safety plan and notes ✎ Orientation forms

✎ ERP ✎ Permit forms ✎ Site safety plan

Validation

✎ Review site safety plans for safety issues and

documentation indicating mitigation of known hazards

✎ Ensure that proper equipment is in use

✎ Review the site safety plan for completeness



10 Start-Up

10 Start-Up

Practices

Although the Producer will likely hire most Contractors,

the sub-Contractors or main Service Contractors may hireothers. Both circumstances will require some coordinationfrom the Owner/Producer.

PeopleandEquipment

A pre-work meeting with Contract Supervisor/Wellsite

Consultant or other Representative, Producer or permit holder:✎ Expectations of the Owner/Producer

✎ Identification of known hazards

✎ Expectations of the OGC/MEMPR

✎ Notification when other Contractors are starting who are

hired by the Producer directly

There needs to be an effective procedure for visitors such asGovernment staff, Producer Representatives, WorkSafeBCofficers, and maintenance persons. The Producer or PC

should be aware of Service Contractors’ safety systems,claims histories, and past compliance for the purposesof change, where required. Contractor safety systems

are discussed to ensure site compliance in areas suchas inspections, investigations, and Worker education and

training.Before start-up, the site should be assessed for concerns,particularly for critical or high-risk operations, equipmentmaintenance, emergency transportation vehicles, and

Considerations

✎ If the Producer delegates, the PC submits an NOP as

required✎ Site safety plan/required records of activities are available

✎ There is a system for Contractor site orientation

✎ The site safety board, safety binder, or other method ofmaintaining pertinent information is available to everyone

✎ For access roads, Producer responsibility will likely

include communicating issues and protocols toContractors, and reporting hazards/needs to the PDRholder

SampleDocuments

✎ Record or notes of a pre-meeting with the Producer

✎

If available, Contractors’ safety programs/claims histories✎ NOP (Glossary)✎ Safety board or binder

Validation

✎ Check records or notes of pre-meetings

✎ Note if there was a visitor procedure

✎ Ensure signage in place and no road issues of concern✎ Ensure all on site know communication system in use

✎ Ensure Producer is aware of Contractors’ histories

✎ Ensure that the location, lease, or project site is free fromhazards

general parking. Equipment and machinery coming on-siteshould match up with site safety plan expectation.



11 PlannedSiteMeetings

11 PlannedSiteMeetings

Practices

Meetings with Producer and site Contractors to set expectations

and maintain the systems for safety coordination and ensuringcompliance with the WCAct/Regulation. Site meetings do not

replace the required Employer safety meetings with their Workers.

PeopleandEquipment

There is an initial/pre-work meeting with all Contractors before

start-up and before new or critical phases in the project or well

development. Procedures which overlap the Employer’s systems donot relieve Employer/Contractor of their obligations. Producer/PCmust coordinate safety-related activities/ensure site compliance

among Contractors.

Equipment suitability needs, and initial set-up and work areasshould be discussed.

ConsiderationsSite meetings need to address critical site-specific procedures to

mitigate injury to Workers, including:

✎ Getting assistance when working alone or encountering potential

problems with the well or project

✎ Emergency response plan (ERP)

✎ Road use protocols

✎ Hazard identification and reporting process

✎ Safe work procedures

Safetycoordination discussions should include:

✎ Producer's/PC’s system to ensure site compliance andexpectation of participation

✎ Producer's/PC’s person responsible for safety✎ Names of Contractors’ designated QP

✎ Individual Contractor responsibilities for a safety program

✎ Communication process and necessity of work sequencing

Workconsiderations include:

✎ Site safety plan concerns and work sequencing

✎ Visitor procedure✎ Systems for service suppliers/maintenance persons on site

✎ Ensuring Workers are instructed/trained in all required tasks

✎ Expectations of safety meetings & inspections and investigations

✎ Expected care and professionalism

✎ Concurrent operations (i.e., drilling and completion or completion and

tie in) on the same site as the industry moves to multi-well pad sites

Larger sites may require safety inspections and participation in

Contractor safety meetings, or a functioning safety committee.

Terms of reference (safety committees) include but are not limited to:

✎ Makeup, purpose, authority and duties

✎Participation by all site Contractors expected

✎ Disposition of recommendations

✎ Safety committee members should be known to site personnel

✎ Planned meetings held monthly and otherwise as required

✎ Meaningful participation in inspections and investigations

✎ Communication of minutes

ProcessDocuments✎ Minutes of meetings

Validation

✎ Review minutes

✎ Attend a meeting, if appropriate

✎ Speak with Contractors about meeting contents



12 Inspections

12 Inspections

Practices

Workplace/equipment inspections are usually each individual

Employer’s responsibility. Producer or PC should ensuresite compliance by having a system to ensure effectiveinspections are carried out. Situations that should bemonitored include application of general site processes such

as emergency response and work sequencing.

PeopleandEquipment

Those who monitor or conduct safety inspections shouldbe trained and knowledgeable in the requirements of the

processes being inspected.

The Producer/PC compliance system should ensure that

Contractors carry out required inspections of equipment,machinery, and processes.

Considerations

✎ For specialized processes such as well completions,seismic line clearing, etc., there are guidelines and

checklists or acceptable standards such as IRPs or RPsavailable to inspectors

✎ Records are kept of inspection dates, and items foundand discussed such as a logbook or personal notes

✎ Issues requiring follow-up are addressed and the resultsare communicated to all those affected

✎ The safety committee or a Safety Representative

participates in the process

✎ The Supervisor or QC responsible for safety and the

safety committee review all required inspections carriedout by Service Contractors

✎ Issues affecting all Contractors are communicated to them

✎ A report and follow-up system is in place

SampleDocuments

✎ For small firms, recorded evidence that issues are beingfound and dealt with

✎ For larger firms, copies of Contractor inspection reportsand follow-up

✎ Checklists or guidance given for inspecting

Validation

✎ Review available records of inspections by the Produceror PC

✎ Discuss resulting actions with the affected parties

✎ Observe and note compliance on the site

✎ Emphasize the need for all Contractors to conduct

inspections of their workplaces and equipment



13 IncidentInvestigations

13 IncidentInvestigations

Practices

Individual Employer/Contractors are responsible for their

own incident investigations. Producers/PCs may be directlyinvolved in incidents involving their site processes (such asemergency response) or more than one Contractor (suchas in situations involving work sequencing). Producers/PCs

are aware of and should be involved with the follow-upand communications with officials, other Contractors and

associations.

PeopleandEquipment

Those who monitor or participate in investigations should beinstructed or trained and knowledgeable in the process.

Someone knowledgeable such as a Manufacturer's

Representative or P.Eng should inspect equipment involvedin incidents to confirm that it is safe to operate. Producer/PCshould be aware that major equipment failures, and otherstructural failures must be reported to WorkSafeBC.

Considerations

✎ There is a system to ensure all incidents, including nearmisses, are recorded/reported to the Producer/PC

✎ The Producer/PC reviews investigations from all ServiceContractors and informs other affected Contractors of

changes to equipment or processes

✎ The supervision system, including the frequency of visits/

inspections, is reviewed following an incident

Terms of reference are in place that clarify the following:

✎ Incidents to be reported to WorkSafeBC, who reports them,

phone numbers to call, timeliness, and limits on actionsbefore a WorkSafeBC officer gives clearance

✎ A system to report to the Producer/PC✎ Types of incidents that will require the Producer/PC to be

involved in the investigation

✎ Qualification requirements of investigators

✎ Forms and processes to be followed

✎ Involvement of Contractor(s)

✎ Tracking of reports and follow-up on findings✎ Records to be kept of incidents reported and investigated

✎ Investigation team identified and safety committee orSafety Representative involved

✎ Submission of industry alerts

SampleDocuments✎ Investigation terms of reference including forms & reports

✎ Completed investigations and follow-up notes

✎ First Aid records

✎ Contractor investigations

✎ Reports to WorkSafeBC from the site

Validation

✎ Review incident investigations

✎ Check that incident investigation and follow-up is evident

✎ Ensure that all Contractors are aware of the need to

report and investigate incidents



14 HazardIdentification–Assessment–Control

14 HazardIdentification–Assessment–Control

Practices

Producers/PCs must carry out hazard identification, deal

with known hazards, and communicate them to all affectedContractors and persons. Once identified, potential risksshould be assessed and mitigated using control measures,SWPs which must include the number of Workers needed,

equipment needed, and the steps to be followed. Contractorshave similar responsibilities when it comes to their own

work and work areas. Some hazards specific to a singleContractor may be given to that Contractor to deal with.

PeopleandEquipment

Initially, the Owner should identify known hazards and

communicate them to the Producer/PC so the Producer/PC

can implement controls and relay the information to theService Contractors. Contractors and Workers should begiven a process for reporting hazards as they arise.

The Employer/Contractor is responsible for specificequipment hazards. The Producer/PC should ensure thatappropriate steps are taken to ensure safe use of equipment.

Considerations

✎ Plans are reviewed to identify potential risks

✎ Identified hazards are assessed and controlled

✎ The hazard control process is documented andcommunicated to everyone affected

Potential risks include the following:

✎ Release of gases

✎ Critical high-risk operations i.e., snubbing, under-balanceddrilling, etc.

✎ Possible falls from elevation

✎ Road washouts and other road concerns

✎ Improper work sequencing

✎ Lease issues

✎ Transportation and access concerns✎ Improper work procedures

✎ Created hazards such as well stimulation or fracturing

✎ Inadequate traffic control

SampleDocuments

✎ Initial meeting document with Producer/PC✎ Permit documents, i.e., confined space entry, hot work, etc.

✎ Notes or record confirming hazards discussed withContractors

✎ Documents of formal system, if available

Validation

✎ Review documents from Producer/PC and any hazardreporting system documents

✎ Inspect the worksite for hazards

✎ Ask Contractors about the reporting process

✎ SWP developed

✎ IRPs reviewed



15 EmergencyPreparedness

15 EmergencyPreparedness

Practices

Emergency preparedness should take into account the

number of people on site and the types of emergencies thatmay arise. Individual Contractors need to be prepared forsituations in which they may need to respond immediately(for example, if there is a hazardous spill or gas release).

PeopleandEquipment

The emergency response plan (ERP) is communicated toeveryone on site and plan components should be discussedat crew safety meetings. The plan should describe individualresponsibilities (for example, initial response to a fire) andprovide for any necessary training.

Required equipment should be available to deal with specific

parts of the plan, e.g., First Aid, fire fighting, cleanup.Considerations

Emergency preparedness and plans should be coordinated.A site-specific assessment must determine needs such as:

✎ First Aid levels and requirements

✎

Potential for fires or explosions✎ Rescue from heights or difficult areas such as confined spaces

✎ Hazardous wildlife

✎ Potential weather issues.

An ERP should include the following:

✎ Frequency and types of drills

✎ Emergency washing facilities✎ Site map with coordinates (Latitude and Longitude)

✎ Reliable communication system

✎ On-site facilities, equipment, supplies and services

✎ Emergency evacuation and transportation

✎ Rescue plans for specific areas and situations

✎ Plan evacuation for the site✎ Spill control and cleanup for hazardous substances

✎ System to ensure visitor safety

✎ Provisions for practice drills

✎ Provisions for gas detection

In addition, consider the following:

✎ If there is a safety committee, it should have an active rolein communication and drills

✎ For larger sites, supplementary First Aid must beimplemented, as necessary

✎ The plan must consider environmentally sensitive areas

SampleDocuments

✎ First Aid assessment document or default to First Aid tables

✎ ERP

✎ Contractor crew safety meeting minutes

Validation

✎ Review the site assessment and ERP

✎ Verify that there is a First Aid system

✎ Verify that there are practice drills

✎ Ask Contractors about knowledge/roles during emergency

✎ Confirm the presence of fire, spill, or other importantequipment onsite



16DiligenceDocumentation


Practices

Although Producers/PCs must coordinate safety-related

activities and ensure site compliance, there is no directrequirement to provide documentation proving that theseresponsibilities have been fulfilled. However, some evidenceto support efforts by the Producer/PC is necessary.

PeopleandEquipment

The Producer's/PC's appointed QC should keep diligentnotes of observations and conversations.

Records should be kept for specific equipment-relatedissues.

Considerations

Accurate records or notes should indicate the coordination

of safety-related activities and a system to ensure sitecompliance with the WCAct/Regulation. Such records mayinclude the following:

✎ A copy of the site safety plan, site drawing, or map with

modification notes✎ Initial discussions with the Owner

✎ Producer's Representative visits and issues discussed

✎ Discussions and meetings with Service Contractors

✎ OGC visits and discussions

✎

Reviews of Service Contractors’ safety systems✎ Inspection and incident investigation reports

✎ Hazard identification, assessment, and control records

✎ Emergency response drills and First Aid records

✎ Interactions with WorkSafeBC

✎ Discussions with the maintainer of access road systems

✎ Interaction with Service Contractors’ safety persons✎ Service Contractor orientations

✎ Records of Service Contractors’ claims and compliancehistories

✎ Safety committee meeting minutes

✎Records of supervision

✎ Record of spot checks of Workers, areas, and processes

SampleDocuments

✎ Producer's/PC’s site safety plan and related documents

Validation

✎ Review documents



Practices

In the Oil and Gas Upstream sector in most cases the

Producer/Owner functions as the PC, in that they continueto control and direct activities at the worksite.

PeopleandEquipment

✎ Contractors are responsible for their own Workers, work

areas, and how their work activities affect others

✎ Each Contractor must have a designated person (QC)responsible for safety to liaise with the PC

✎Workers must be aware of Employer’s procedures, rules,

and standards for site safety. Each Contractor should beaware of their claims history and past compliance issues.Site organization should reflect processes and changes

based on these experiences

Contractors must ensure that proper, well-maintainedequipment and appropriate PPE is available to Workers.

Considerations

✎Workers have access to the WCAct/Regulation✎ In multiple-Employer workplaces, Contractors must

ensure open communication with the PC so that safetyprocedures are followed and hazards controlled. Tailgate

meetings will afford opportunity to discuss issues andbring information forward

Site safety systems should include information on planning,training, supervision, and professionalism, including:

✎ Inspections and incident investigations

✎ Supervisor and Worker qualifications

✎ Identification of training needs

✎ Safe work procedures✎ Information and procedure updates for Workers

✎ Meetings and discussions with Workers

✎ Ongoing contact with Workers and work areas

SampleDocuments

✎ Health and safety program or system✎ Initial and ongoing safety meeting minutes

✎ Documents and records of program application

✎ Claims statistics and previous incident reports

Validation

✎ Review the program for completeness

✎ Review safety meeting minutes & related system records

✎ Review statistics and previous incident reports

17SiteSafetyOrganization

17SiteSafetyOrganization



18Planning

18Planning

Practices

The Producer/PC carries out the initial site safety planning.

This must also include information provided by the OGC/ MEMPR related to resevoir and site issues that may impactsite safety (i.e., shallow gas potential, well permit criteria,lease size etc.). The development and/or operational plan

for the site should be able to be followed safely or it mustbe revised or returned to the OGC/MEMPR for revision. Day

to day planning should also consider safety and should bereviewed with the same diligence.

PeopleandEquipment

Workers’ experience, knowledge, abilities and skills mustmeet the site safety plan needs. If a Contractor is working

on a single-Employer workplace and there is no PC, theContractor must inform the Owner if circumstances changeand a multiple-Employer workplace is created.

Contractors must ensure that Workers are capable and use

proper equipment that meets the needs of the site safetyplan and are in good mechanical order, to safely perform its

functions.Considerations

✎ Plans promote compliance with the WCAct/Regulation

✎ Site safety plans are reviewed to ensure that work can be

carried out safely

✎ Emergency response plans are reviewed to ensure that all

✎Work activities are sequenced so no one is endangered

✎ Deviations from work plans are identified, discussed, andresolved

✎ Changes in plans are discussed with all persons affected

✎ Safety meetings include planning for safe work

✎ Maintenance of equipment is planned

✎ Non-Worker visits during regular hours or after hours areplanned for

✎ Provisions are made for site safety when circumstanceschange and Contractor is working at a single-Employerworkplace

✎ Planning considers areas such as work at heights orconfined space entry that may require risk assessments,changes to work processes, or specific procedures

SampleDocuments

✎ Site safety plan and other planning documents i.e., sitedrawings, maps

✎ Safety meeting minutes

Validation

✎ Ensure that proper equipment is in use✎ Ensure that work is sequenced with a focus on safety

✎ Ensure everyone is aware of daily plans/changes to plans

✎ Check log entries such as Supervisor notes and

equipment logs

work areas are covered

✎ Daily planning considers the safety of all persons affected



19SafetyProcedures

19SafetyProcedures

Practices

Employer/Contractors must follow Producer/PC rules and

procedures in a multiple-Employer workplace (workingon site, using road systems). Contractors have additionalresponsibilities for their Workers, including but not limited to:

✎ PPE requirements

✎ Procedures for working alone

✎ Specific work procedures such as confined space entry

✎ Rules dealing with Worker conduct

✎ A system for reporting hazards

PeopleandEquipment

Employer/Contractors must ensure that Workers understandand follow safety procedures.

Contractors must follow applicable procedures and ruleswhen operating or working around equipment.

Considerations

Contractors need to ensure that fundamental procedures arein place, including but not limited to:

✎ Confined space entry✎Working alone and emergency preparedness

✎ Expectations of road-usage protocols

✎ Traffic control for using PDRs and heavy traffic areas

✎ Reporting hazards, safety concerns, and near misses

✎ Knowing when and how to ask for assistance

✎ Using PPE and refusing unsafe work

✎Wildlife awareness and procedures

✎ Reliable communication for Workers, both on site andwhile using road systems

✎ Consideration of other Workers’ safety (e.g., when passingthrough an active work area)

Contractors must develop/implement safe work proceduresfor jobs such as snubbing, under-balanced drilling, well

completions, and seismic line clearing. Special proceduresbe in place for working around environmentally sensitiveareas and should be available to Workers in writing.

SampleDocuments

✎ ERPs

✎ Critical work and individual Employer procedures

✎ Road protocols and traffic control process

✎ Investigation and near miss-record

✎Hazard and inspection record

✎ Procedure for refusing unsafe work

✎ Record of emergency drills

✎ Employer-specific safe work procedures

Validation

✎ Review work safety procedures and systems, Contractor

safe work procedures, and road use protocols✎Workers know responsibilities for refusing unsafe work

✎ Observe work procedures being performed

✎ Review records of emergency drills



20WorkerEducationandTraining

20WorkerEducationandTraining

Practices

Contractors must ensure that only trained, qualified, authorized

persons operate equipment and/or machinery. A qualifiedperson may provide on-site training or instruction, but outsideformal training may be required. Contractors are responsiblefor confirming capabilities/limitations of Workers operating

equipment or engaged in high-hazard tasks. Contractorsmust also provide information such as known hazards to

Workers on a regular basis. Crew safety meetings provide agood opportunity for education and information distribution.

Instruction of Workers is an ongoing process.

PeopleandEquipment

Contractors must ensure that Workers have enough

information to access the site and work safely.

Ensure that everyone knows that only trained and authorizedpersons are allowed to operate equipment or undertake highrisk critical tasks.

Considerations

✎ Regular safety meetings must be held, focussing on safety-related issues and known and foreseeable hazards

✎ A site supervision system is essential

✎ Formal training/development for all persons would be ideal

✎ Specific training, instruction and controlled practice should

operation; crane operating

✎ Site organization and authority of the PC in a multiple-Employer workplace

✎ Cooperation with WorkSafeBC officers

✎Wildlife management

✎ Site safety procedures

✎ Daily work planning

✎ Known road and site hazards

✎ Dangerous terrain or slide potentials

SampleDocuments

✎ Start-up meeting minutes with list of attendees


✎ Documentation of specific training

✎ Supervision system

Validation

✎ Review applicable records and minutes

✎ Review the list of known hazards and their disposition

✎ Verify Worker knowledge of critical issues

✎ Discuss Employer/Contractor involvement with both Workersand Supervisors

✎ Observe professionalism of Workers

be provided for Workers for hand falling; equipmentoperating; confined space entry; snubbing; forklift



21IncidentInvestigations

21IncidentInvestigations

Practices

Contractors must know the requirements for incident

investigations and be prepared to carry them out whennecessary. Service Contractors will likely receive help fromthe PC or Producer for serious investigations. Investigationsreports are also required for near misses.

PeopleandEquipment

Contractors need to know about all incidents that must bereported to WorkSafeBC. Reportable incident scenes mustnot be disturbed, unless rescue is necessary or to control animminent hazard.

Contractors must ensure that damaged equipment is

repaired to a serviceable standard before it is returned towork. Some equipment (for example, equipment fitted withROPs or drilling derrick following a crown out may need tobe recertified).

Considerations

✎ There must be a system in place to ensure that all

incidents and near-misses are reported and recorded

✎ The supervision system should be reviewed following anincident

✎ Incidents, including near-misses, should be discussed

with all Workers and Contractors

✎ Records should be kept for all reported incidents andincident investigations

✎ Investigation teams should be identified and safetycommittees involved where applicable. Team membersshould be knowledgeable and credible

✎ Investigation teams should receive appropriate instruction

or training

Considerations for investigation include:

✎ Reporting to WorkSafeBC, the Producer/PC, and theOwner

✎ Knowledge of the types of incidents that require

investigation✎ Forms and processes to be followed

✎ Involvement of Producers/PCs and Owner

✎ Providing a written report to WorkSafeBC

✎ Action and follow-up on findings

SampleDocuments✎ Terms of reference (policy)

✎ Forms and reports

✎ Action and follow-up taken

Validation

✎ Review completed investigations

✎ Ensure that recommendations have been implemented

✎ Check that everyone is aware of reporting procedures

✎ Ensure that incidents have been reported to WorkSafeBCwhen necessary



22Inspections

22Inspections

involved in inspections

✎ Safety committees should be involved in inspections andfollow-up where applicable

✎ Inspectors should pay special attention to lease andterrain issues that may create hazards

An inspection system should include:

✎ Regularly scheduled inspections

✎ Guidelines for hazards to watch for and appropriate

corrective actions✎ A record of findings and corrective actions

✎ Results discussed at safety meetings

✎ Direct communication of findings to everyone affected andProducer/PC in a multiple-Employer workplace

SampleDocuments✎ Inspection checklists and reports

✎ Directive that all appropriate inspections take place

✎ Equipment logbooks

✎ Supervisor notes or logbook


Validation

✎ Review records and reports

✎ Ensure hazards/work practices are acceptable in all areas

✎ Talk to Workers about inspections by their Supervisor

✎ Review Supervisor notes

construction

✎ There should be specific instruction or training for anyone

Practices

Contractors must have a system in place for conducting

formal inspections. Regular inspections by Supervisors,Producers, and Workers will eliminate many hazards. Ageneral awareness of potential hazards such as hazardousgas, or corrosive or flammable liquids can be conveyed

through discussions and crew meetings.

PeopleandEquipment

Persons conducting inspections must be knowledgeableof the sections of the Regulation that apply to the workprocesses and areas they are inspecting.

Machine and equipment inspections must be conducted by

qualified persons.

Considerations

✎ Supervisors and Workers should conduct inspections,daily or before each use, for equipment and machinerysuch as trucks, hand tools, rigging, derricks, and seismicdrills

✎

Regular inspections should be carried out by Supervisorswho know the safety requirements of the work and areathey are inspecting. They should pay special attention tohigh-risk work processes and work sequencing

✎ Supervisors should keep notes or a logbook on criticalinspections such as well completions, fracing, seismic line



23Relationships

23Relationships

Practices

A Service Contractor’s work often affects other Contractors

and people. Professionalism and communication betweenContractors supports the Producer's/PC’s coordination andcompliance system. Communication with the Producer/PCand, when appropriate, the Owner is essential. Special

attention should be paid to interactions between theContractor and OGC and WorkSafeBC.

PeopleandEquipment

Contractors should ensure that there is discussion anda safety system when another Contractor’s work adjoins,influences, or overlaps their work.

Employer/Contractors who send other Contractor/Workers

on site to carry out work for them directly should have safetysystems discussed. Issues such as road travel, emergency

assistance, and working alone should be covered.

Considerations

✎ The Producer has communicated expectations and the

scope of responsibility and authority of the PC to eachContractor

✎ The Producer, when appropriate, has ensured that known

hazards have been communicated to Contractors

✎ The Producer/PC has identified a QC and received thenames of Contractors’ QP

✎ The Producer/PC has outlined a site safety system forcoordination and compliance. Concerns or programconflicts with individual Contractor’s safety plans arediscussed and rectified

✎ Protocols have been discussed with the Producer/PCfor site visitors such as WorkSafeBC officers, OGC, and

maintenance crews

✎ Additional concerns are discussed with the Producer/PC

such as joint road use, mitigation of known hazards, andadjoining Contractor issues or production issues

✎ Discussions take place among Contractors whenadditional hazards become known or are created by the

well completion or stimulation

SampleDocuments

✎ Orientation from Producer/PC or others

✎ Protocols and directives

Validation✎ Known hazards have been addressed

✎ The authority of the Producer/PC is clearly understood in

a multiple-Employer workplace

✎ A responsible Supervisor is in place

✎ Protocols for cooperation are followed





Practices

Documentation of safety activities specific to the site

should be accurate and meaningful. Documentation shouldinclude plans and personal logs. The Regulation requiressome formal documentation. A note of discussions with ordirections given to Supervisors and Workers is important.

PeopleandEquipment

Contractors must ensure that essential information isavailable to Workers, including applicable parts of theWCAct/Regulation.

Equipment logbooks should reflect safety issues andmaintenance.

ConsiderationsDocuments, notes, or logbooks of activities related to sitesafety activities and the methods to ensure compliance with

the WCAct/Regulation include:

✎ A copy of the site safety system and site diagram or map

✎Site safety plans which need modifications are noted

✎ Daily planning

✎ Changes to plans for slope, terrain, or well issues

✎ Initial discussions with the OGC/MEMPR

✎ Discussions with the Producer/PC

✎ OGC visits and issues discussed

✎ Discussions and meetings with other Service Contractors

✎ Validation of Worker orientation, education, and trainingrelated to safety

✎ Inspection and incident investigation reports

✎ Hazard identification, assessment, and control records

✎ Emergency response drills and First Aid records✎ Records of supervision

✎ Interactions with WorkSafeBC

✎ Discussions pertaining to road systems

✎ Interaction between the Producer/PC and QC

Additional record-keeping for large firms may include but isnot limited to:

✎ A formal safety program/system

✎ Audits of the safety program/system

✎ Safety committee meeting minutes

SampleDocuments

✎ Safety program and site record documents

Validation

✎ Review documents



OWNERS

Traditional Owners in the Upstream Petroleum Industry are the Crown

– represented by the Ministry of Energy and Mines, Oil and Gas

Commission (OGC), Private Land Owners, License and Permit Holders,

and Producers which can also include tenants, lessees, occupiers and

persons who act on behalf of an Owner as an agent or delegate.

A



The Prime Contractor (PC) oversees the site and related work on a

multiple-Employer workplace from a health and safety perspective.

They must have the knowledge and authority to carry out necessary

activities. Their specified duties are appointed by the Owner in a

signed agreement.

PRIME CONTRACTORS B



Employers

C