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Fighting Begins• Germany invades Belgium August
3rd, 1914• Brussels falls August 20th; however
Russia invades Germany August 17th • The Germans defeated Russia at the
Battle of Tannenberg August 26th • Germany now looks for a quick
victory over France
Fighting in France• The Germans advance deep into
France and come close to the Marne River (Miracle of the Marne)
• A battle takes place for several days and the German advance is halted
• Both sides dig in and build trenches• The Schlieffen Plan fails and Germany
is fighting a war on two fronts
Poison Gas
• The Germans started using tear gas against Russia in 1915 (however, it froze)
• The Germans used chlorine gas against the British and French
• It was a grey and green cloud and could be fatal
• The French then created phosgene, which was colorless and smelt like “moldy hay”
• Mustard gas was lethal only with high doses
• Mustard gas caused the following: blistering of skin, sore eyes, and it could take someone 4-5 weeks to die
Invasion of Gallipoli
• By 1915, England and France are at war with the Ottoman Empire
• The Ottoman Empire controls the Dardanelles, a key water way between the Black and Mediterranean Seas
• The Allies tried bombarding Gallipoli with artillery
• The Allies storm the beaches with ease April 25th, 1915 but are soon overwhelmed and build trenches
• Little is gained by either side, and the Allies evacuate January 1916
Fighting in Mesopotamia
• Mesopotamia is modern-day Iraq, which the Ottoman Empire controlled
• The British were trying to capture oilfields
• England is defeated and surrenders 10,000 men on April 29th, 1916 (England will be back)