World Geography

Exam 1 Study Guide

Exam 1 will cover chapters 1, 2, 3, in the book. The test will also cover everything discussed in

class as well as some map skill based questions. Please review the following vocabulary terms.

TEST DATE: January 28, 2015

Chapter 1: An Introduction to Geography

1. What is Geography?

2. What are the five themes of Geography?

3. What is the exact spot at which a place is found on the globe?

4. The location in relation to other places

5. What is half of a sphere or globe called?

6. What are the physical and human features geographers study?

7. How do geographers describe the earth’s features and their patterns?

8. What kinds of geographic careers are available today?

9. How is geography related to the other subject areas?

10.________________________ is the study of how people make choices about ways to use

scarce resources to meet their needs and wants

11. The branch of geography that studies features such climate, land, water, plants, and animals

is called _________________________ .

12. What are at least two of the concerns cartographers have when they select a map projection?

13. Identify two physical features, two human-made features, and two political features that

could be shown on a typical urban-area map.

14. What are the major branches of geography, and what topics does each branch study?

15. What are the three type of Regions How are relative location and place related?

16. How do thematic maps help geographers understand the five elements?

17. How absolute location different from relative location?

18. What are some examples of information that would be included in a place description?

19. How is place different from region?

20. Why do geographers study movement?

21. What is the purpose of a map?

22. Why is GIS a valuable tool for examining the geography of a place?

23. How is the use of small-scale maps different from the use of large-scale maps?

24. In what ways may relief be shown on a map?

25. What are three types of thematic maps?

Chapter 2: Physical Geography

1. What does the Theory of Plate Tectonics explain?

2. --Explain the process of continental drift.

3. --How does magma differ from lava?

4. --How are the Earth’s plates set in motion? (where does the energy come from?)

5. --How did Alfred Wegener further the Theory of Plate Tectonics?

6. --What was Pangaea, Laurasia, & Gondwanaland?

7. --What is a Convergent Plate Boundary & what type of landform/s does it create?

Example?

8. --What is a Subduction Plate Boundary & what type of landform/s does it create?

Example?

9. --What is a Transform Plate Boundary & what type of landform/s does it create?

Example?

10. --What is a Divergent Plate Boundary & what type of landform/s does it create?

Example?

11. --What and where is the Ring of Fire?

12. --What is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?

13. --What is the deepest part of the ocean? What type of plate boundary is it?

14. --What are rift valleys and where can one be found?

15. --What is the continental shelf?

16. --What is weathering and erosion?

17. --What is the main product of weathering?

18. --Sheet glaciers (continental glaciers) & mountain glaciers (alpine glaciers)---what is the difference?

19. --What is the hydrologic cycle and what are its different parts?

20. --What drives the hydrologic cycle?

21. --What is evapotranspiration?

22. --What is the distribution of water around the world? (How much is salty vs. fresh?)

23. --What is desalinization?

24. --What are headwaters?

25. --What is a tributary?

26. --What is a watershed or drainage basin?

27. --What is an estuary?

28. --What is a delta?

29. --What is groundwater?

30. --What is the water table?

31. --What is an aquifer?

32. --What are renewable resources? Examples?

33. --What are non-renewable resources? Examples?

34. --What is humus?

35. --What are the soil horizons (Topsoil, Subsoil, Parent Material)

36. --Explain the process of leaching?

37. --What is contour plowing?

38. --What is soil exhaustion and how does it happen?

39. --What is crop rotation?

40. --What is irrigation?

41. --What is soil salinization?

42. --Deforestation & reforestation?

43. --What is acid rain a product of?

44. --What are aqueducts?

45. --What is fossil water?

46. --What are fossil fuels?

47. --What are some examples of renewable energy resources?

48. List four elements that cause regional climate patterns.

49. Most places near the __________ have warm climates.

50. Areas with higher elevation in a region are usually __________

51. What is savanna vegetation?

52. What are the three characteristics of climate?

53. What climate zone receives the least amount of precipitation?

54. What area of the world do monsoons usually occur in?

55. What area of the world do typhoons usually occur in?

56. List the climates that usually occur in the middle latitudes.

57. List the climates that usually occur in the high latitudes.

58. List the climates that usually occur in the low latitudes.

59. What latitude zone are rainforests found in?

13. What latitude zone is taiga found in?

14. What is tundra?

15. What is the climate zone that has a rainy season in summer and a dry season in winter

called?

Chapter 3: Human Geography

--What is demography and how is it used in real life?

--What is population density and how is it expressed?

--Where in the world have people settled and why do they live there?

--What is the current world population?

--What is Total Fertility Rate?

--What is the Replacement Rate?

--What does the Total Fertility Rate need to be in order to achieve the Replacement Rate? Why?

--What does the Infant Mortality Rate measure? What are some factors that contribute to a

high infant mortality rate?

--What is a culture region?

--What is an ethnic group?

--Can ethnic diversity lead to conflict?

--How do phonetic and pictographic languages differ?

--What are ethnic religions? Examples?

--What are animist religions? In what type of society might we find animism being practiced?

--What is the difference between monotheism & polytheism?

--What are universalizing religions? Examples?

--You should be able to distinguish between MDCs and LDCs and their characteristics.

--Be able to distinguish between the different Levels of Economic Development (5). Also, how does

education

play a role in each of the levels?

-Primary Industry—characteristics?

-Secondary Industry—characteristics?

-Tertiary Industry—characteristics?

-Quaternary Industry—characteristics?

-Quinary Industry—characteristics?

--Be able to distinguish between the different Economic Systems (3):

-Traditional/Subsistence Economy—characteristics?

-Free Market Economy—characteristics?

-privatized industry

-free enterprise

-capitalism

-In what type of political system will you most likely find this type of economic system?

-Command Economy—characteristics?

-nationalized industry

-What is the difference between Socialism & Communism?

-In what type of political system will you most likely find this type of economic system?

What does it mean when a country becomes industrialized?

--What is a country’s standard of living an indication/measure of?

--What does the literacy rate of a country truly indicate?

--What are some characteristics of developed countries? What about developing countries?