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In this Symposium:
• mentioned in the guidelines
• validated protection against aerosols
• if properly used
Importance of Biosfetycabinets
Aerosol → ContainmentAerodynamicsHEPA filtrationLAF cabinets vs BSC[do’s & don’ts]
laboratory infectionscaused by
• puncture/spraying with hypodermic 22%
• spillage / spraying in general 22%
• cut by broken glass 20%
• swallowing during pipetting 17%
• bite or scratch by infected animals 11%
• other known causes 1%
• unknown 7%
reference : Pike (1976)
containment & procedures & personnelprotection
secondary containment
fermenter/culture bottle
down streamprocessing
biosafetycabinet
primary containment
HEPA filter
Restricted entrancetraining/informationmedical control
personel protection
1µm0,1µm 10µm 1mm1nm 0,1mm0,1nm 10nm
gasses
atoms
prionsvirusses
falling particlesaerosol [floating particles]
Human hair
pollen
bacteria
High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter [HEPA]
mamalian cells
HEPA-filterfilter-efficiency and particle size
‘Making sense of HEPA filtration’Anderson et al.March 1988
Factors influencing the effectivity
mechanism Air velocity Particle size Fiber diameter Filter densitydiffusion(BrownianMovement)
- - - +
Collision /Impaction(inertia)
+ + - +
interception 0 + - 0
- = Negative correlation
+ = Positive correlation
0 = No influence
From: De Rudder& Remon: Aanbevelingen bij de productie van Parenteralia
HEPA-filter
1µm0,1µm 10µm 1mm1nm 0,1mm0,1nm 10nm
virusses
falling partioclesaerosol [floating particles]
bacteria
most penetrating size
fine filtration
ULPA HEPA pre filter
sizes of particles
Beware of the difference !
LAF cabinetproduct protection
BSC [dutch BVK]Biosafety cabinet [workbench]product + worker protection
Use [indicative !]
How Biological Safety Cabinets Are Classified
Classification is an important consideration in the selection of any biological safety cabinet. Over the years,the scientific community has adopted commonly accepted classification criteria to differentiate containmentcapabilities and performance attributes. Biological safety cabinets are divided into three classifications.Baker designs and manufactures all of these types of biosafety containment cabinets.
Classification Biosafety Level Application
Class I 1,2,3 low to moderate risk biological agents
Class II 1,2,3 low to moderate risk biological agents
Class III 4 high risk biological agents
Baker Company
Classification[mainly USA]
75 FPM = 0,4 m/s100 FPM = 0,5 m/s
Baker Company
New NSF
Classification,
Adopted 2002
Previous NSF
ClassificationGeneral Description
A1Class II,
Type A
70% air recirculated; 30% exhausted from a common
plenum to the room;
75FPM intake;
may have biologically contaminated positive pressure
plenum
A2Class II,
Type A/B3
70% air recirculated; 30% exhausted from a common
plenum to the room;
100FPM intake;
biologically contaminated plenum under negative
pressure or surrounded by negative pressure
A2Class II,
Type B3
70% air recirculated; 30% exhausted from a common
plenum to a facility exhaust system;
100FPM intake;
biologically contaminated plenum under negative
pressure or surrounded by negative pressure
B1Class II,
Type B1
40% air recirculated; 60% exhausted from cabinet;
exhaust air pulled through dedicated exhaust duct into
facility exhaust system;
100FPM intake
all biologically contaminated plenums are negative to
the room or surrounded by negative pressure plenums
B2Class, II
Type B2
0% air recirculated; 100% exhausted from cabinet
exhaust air pulled through dedicated exhaust duct into
facility exhaust system;
100FPM intake
all ducts and plenums are under negative pressure
all contaminated ducts are under negative pressure or
surrounded by directly exhausted negative pressure
ducts or plenums
BSC
1000 mm
B 5726 (1992)British Standard - recomandations for installation
minimal distances
Location in the Lab.
checklistClothinggloves
cleaningswitch on in time
moving in materialssitting position
surroundigsorganization work area
doing the work
cleaning
filling in logbook[maintenance]
sleeves
discarding waste
disinfection
[sterile]
disinfection