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Work Schedule 2020
Homework 1
Date:
Provide labels for the following diagram.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 2
Date
Tabulate the differences between DNA + RNA.
DNA RNA
1
2
3
4
5
6 7
2
Homework 3
Date
Provide labels for the following diagram. Make your own label lines.
3
Homework 4
Date
Provide labels for the following diagram.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 5
Date
Draw each stage of the different stages of meiosis , explaining each diagram with a short description.
…………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………
1
2
3
4
4
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…………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………
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Homework 6
Date
Draw a simple diagram with labels to illustrate “crossing over”
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Homework 7
Date
Draw a diagram to illustrate “non disjunction.
Homework 8
Date
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6.1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6.2…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6.4….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.5.1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6.5.2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.5.3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6.5.4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6.6…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6.7…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6.8.1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.8.2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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Homework 9
Date
7.1.Which molecule A or B represents RNA ? Give TWO reasons for your answer.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..............
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7.2.Identify (no abbreviations) the parts numbered 1 to 10.
1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9
5……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.3.Nucleotides X and Y appear almost identical .However , there are TWO differences. Identify
these differences.
Nucleotide X Nucleotide Y
7.5.In the four molecules below , the number of nitrogenous bases are indicated as they would
appear in parts of the nucleic acid molecules.
Molecule 1 A 98 B 76 C 54 D 108
Molecule 2 A 715 B 523 C 523 D 715
Molecule 3 A 78 B 95 C 95 D 87
Molecule 4 A 103 B 89 C 89 D 103
7.5.1.Identify the nucleic acid represented by the molecules numbered 1 to 4 respectively. Explain
your answer.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7.5.2.Identify the nitrogenous base marked B in molecule 2 , if nitrogenous base C (also in molecule
2) is not found in molecules 1 and 3. Explain.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 10
Date
10.1.What is your understanding of the term DNA replication ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10.2.During which phase of the cell cycle does replication take place ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10.3.Describe the process of replication as it takes place in the DNA molecule.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 11
Date
1.Which process is represented here ?
………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.How did strands 1 and 2 separate from each other ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Which strand(s) serve(s) as a template in this process ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Which strand(s) represent(s) the complementary DNA strands ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.Write down the sequence of the nitrogenous bases next to each other as it will appear from top to
bottom on strand 3.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.Which strand is identical to strand 3 ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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7.Where in the cell does this process take place ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8.Why must replication of DNA take place ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 12
Date
14.1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14.2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14.3……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
13
14.4……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14.5……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
14.6……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 13
Date
15.1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15.2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 14
Date
16.1 Identify the cell organelles represented by X and Y respectively.
X …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Y………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15
16.2.Identify the molecules numbered 1 to 3.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16.3.Identify the fluids represented by 4 and 5 respectively.
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16.4.Identify the groups of nitrogenous bases as represented by 6 , 7 and 8 respectively.
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16.5.Identify the labels numbered 9 and 10.
9………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
16.6.Give the name of the process during which the molecule numbered 2 is formed.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16.7.Write down the base sequence of the parts that are numbered 11 , 12 and 13 respectively.
11………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
16.8.Identify the amino acids numbered AA1 – AA5 using the table provided.
AA1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
AA2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
AA3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
AA4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
AA5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16.9.What type of bond joins amino acids together ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16.10.A fraction of an insulin molecule was extracted from cattle. The sequence of amino acids is
listed as follows.
His – Leu – Cys – Gly – Ser – His – Leu – Val
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16.10.1.Write down the sequence of the base triplets for eight amino acids mentioned above as it
would appear on the DNA template.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16.10.2.Write down the base sequence as it would appear on the mRNA.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16.10.3.Write down the base sequence as it would appear on the consecutive tRNA molecules.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 15
Date
1.Identify which molecule (DNA or RNA ) is indicated by the parts numbered 1 to 5 respectively.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Which process takes place at the stages labelled A and B respectively ? Give a reason for each
answer.
A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
B………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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3.Write down the base sequence (as read from top to bottom) of the parts that are numbered 6 to 9
respectively.
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 16
Date
1.What is the chromosome pair , encircled with the dotted line called ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Which one of A or B is the male ? Give a reason for your answer.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.What is the chromosome number of the somatic cells of a fruit fly ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Draw a representation of an egg cell / ovum of a fruit fly in order to indicate the chromosome
number.
19
5.Which type of cell division is responsible for the formation of eggs ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Homework 17
Date
1.What type of cell division results in daughter cells with chromosome numbers identical to the
mother cell ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Give THREE reasons why the type of cell division mentioned in Question 1 is biologically
important.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Study the representations below and identify the FOUR different phases of the division process
mentioned in Question 1 by writing the down the LETTER and the NAME of the phase in the correct
order.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Do these diagrams represent a human somatic cell ? Give a reason for your answer.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
20
5.If the daughter cells formed in D divide again by mitosis , what would the chromosome number of
their daughter cells be ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 18
Date
1.Identify the organs numbered 3 and 4 respectively.
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Identify the cell division process labelled A.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Name the process which forms:
Sperms…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Ova………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.Identify the process labelled
B………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Identify cell division process labelled
C………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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5.What would the chromosome number be (2n or n) in a cell nucleus in the part that is numbered
2………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………….
9………………………………………………….
10………………………………………………..
Homework 19
Date
1.Identify the parts that are numbered from 1 to 12.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....
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8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.When the surrounding temperature is low , the smooth muscles in the scrotum contract to draw
the testes close to the body , but when the surrounding temperature is high the testes move further
away from the body.
Explain the importance of this phenomenon.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Give the functions of the following.
Epididymis……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Vas Deferens……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Give the functions of the following accessory glands.
Seminal vesicles…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Prostate gland……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Cowpers glands……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.Tabulate TWO differences between the ureter and the urethra
Ureter Urethra
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6.Which division process takes place in the part numbered 6 , which results in haploid(n) gametes ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7.Name the structures that are produced during the division process mentioned in Question 6 , how
many chromosomes occur in these structures mentioned ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.Make a neatly labelled drawing of the structure mentioned on Question 7.
Homework 20
Date
Study the representations of the human karyotypes below and answer the questions that follow.
1.Determine which of the preceding karyotypes (A and B) represent male or female individuals
respectively. Motivate your answer in each case.
A………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
B………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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2.How do you know that this is definitely the human karyotype ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Name ONE obvious difference between karyotypes A and B.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
To represent a karyotype , microscope photographs of the chromosomes are taken. The
chromosomes are then arranged in pairs (1 – 23)
4.Do you think these photographs are taken during interphase or the division phase of a cell ?
Motivate your answer.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5.During cell division different phases occur. During which phase were these chromosomes possibly
photographed ? Explain.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 21
Date
The diagrams below show chromosome pair 21 in the nucleus of a cell from a female ovary. The
chromosomes involved in a process that occurs in a phase of meiosis.
1.Give labels for A and B.
A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
B………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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2.Rearrange the letters X , Y and Z to show the correct sequence in which events take place in this
phase.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Explain why the chromosomes in diagram X and Y are different in appearance.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The diagram below shows the nuclei of four cells that resulted from meiosis involving the
chromosomes in Diagram X above.
4.Explain why nuclei O and P do NOT have chromosomes.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.Name and explain the disorder that will result if diagram M represents an egg cell that fuses with a
normal sperm cell.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 22
Date
1.Identify the process that takes place between parts numbered 1 to 7.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Identify the parts that are numbered from 1 to 8.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
27
3.Tabulate the differences between an Oogonium and a Primary follicle.
Oogonium Primary Follicle
4.1. Which hormone is responsible for the development of the primary follicles into
Graafian follicle ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.2.Which gland is responsible for the secretion of the hormone mentioned in Question 4.1. ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.1. Which structure secretes the hormone oestrogen ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.2. What are the functions of oestrogen ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.1.Name the process during which the part numbered 7 is released.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.2. How often does the process mentioned in Question 9.6.1. take place ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7.1.The part numbered 8 secretes a hormone. What is the name AND function of this hormone ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7.2. Which hormone is responsible for the formation of the structure that is numbered 8 ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8.Tabulate the differences between a Secondary Oocyte and an Ovum.
Secondary Oocyte Ovum
28
Homework 23
Date
1.What is meant by uterine cycle ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.What is meant by the starting point , puberty and the end , menopause of the uterine cycle ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Which hormones are responsible for thee cyclic thickening of the endometrium ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.1.Define the term menstruation .
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.2.How long after ovulation does menstruation take place ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.3. Why does the body shed the endometrium ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.4. What are the main components of the shed endometrium ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.5. Why do you think menstruation causes pain ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 24
Date
1.Identify the structures numbered 1 to 4.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Name and describe the functioning of as well as the interaction with the hormones that are
numbered 5 and 6. Name these hormones and explain their functioning and interaction with one
another.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
30
3.The hormone that is numbered 6 closely interacts with the hormones that are numbered 7 and 8.
Name these hormones and explain their functioning and interaction with one another.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.1.Name the hormones relevant in each of the following cases.
4.1.stimulates follicle development
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.2.inhibits follicle development
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.3.stimulates endometrium development
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.4.stimulates corpus luteum development
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.5.stimulates LH secretion
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.6.inhibits LH secretion
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
4.7.stimulates ovulation
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.8.a sudden decrease causes menstruation
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.How does progesterone prevent further ovulation ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
31
6.1.Describe the role of progesterone at the start of menstruation and in the consequent
development of new follicles.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.2.Identify the phenomenon where an increase in progesterone or oestrogen inhibits the secretion
of FSH.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 25
Date
Complete the following table.
Female hormone Secreted by … Effect / Function
FSH Hypohysis
Follicles are formed
Oestrogen Follicles
Endometrium Inhibits FSH
LH Hypophysis
Ovuation
Progesterone Corpus Luteum
Endometrium Inhibits FSH
32
Homework 26
Date
Study the representation of the female reproductive system.
1.Identify the parts numbered 1 to 7.
1 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Describe the function of part numbered 1 , also mention how that part is adapted to perform it’s
functions.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Give the functions of the following parts.
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
33
4.Name the process that forms female gametes.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.How many chromosomes are there in a haploid female gamete ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. Name the hormones that cause TWO changes in the endometrium , also name these TWO
changes.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 27
Date
Study the representation below of part of sexual reproduction in humans and answer the questions
that follow.
1.Identify the cycle represented by A.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Identify the structures that are numbered from 1 to 11.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
34
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.Which hormone
Was involved in the development of structure 1…………………………………………………………………………………
Is secreted by structure 1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Ensures development of structure 3……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Is secreted by structure 3…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.What is the chromosome number of the parts numbered 2,4,5,6 and 7 respectively.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.Identify the process represented by C.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. What happens to each of the following if fertilisation DOES occur.
Progesterone level……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Corpus luteum……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Menstrual cycle……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Follicle development…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
35
Homework 28
Date
1.On which day does ovulation take place ?.......................................................................................
2.Between which days does menstruation take place ?......................................................................
3.State ONE function of FSH during the menstrual cycle…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Describe the functional relationship between progesterone and FSH.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.Account for the change in thickness of the endometrium between day 14 and day 21.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.Did fertilisation take place within the 28 day cycle depicted in the graph ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
36
7. Give FOUR reasons for your answer given in Question 6.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 29
Date
1.Arrange the stages in the correct sequence by using the NUMBERS provided.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Identify the following structures.
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Which type of cell division is responsible for this development ?....................................................
4.What is the chromosome number of the stages that are numbered 2 and 4 ?
2…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
37
Homework 30
Date
1.Define the term pregnancy.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.How long does this period last in humans ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.What is this period called in animals ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.Identify the parts numbered 1 to 9.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
38
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.Explain the role of the chorion as an extra – embryonic membrane in the development of the
placenta.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.Name FIVE functions of the placenta.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7.What are the functions of the amniotic fluid ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8.What does the umbilical cord consist of ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9.What are the functions of the umbilical cord ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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39
Homework 31
Date
1.Define the term Greenhouse effect.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.What is the advantage of the natural greenhouse effect for life on earth ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Explain the relationship between the greenhouse effect and global warming.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Explain why increased carbon dioxide levels pose a threat to life on earth.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.5.Name THREE main sources of CO 2 emissions caused by human activities.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 32
Date
When you walk on wet sand you leave visible footprints . In a similar way you have a carbon
footprint that you cannot see , yet it has an enormous impact on the earth.
1.Define the term carbon footprint.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
40
2.Draw a pie chart to show how the following factors can contribute to your carbon footprint.
Factor Contribution to carbon footprint (%)
Clothing 10
Food 21
Recreation 18
Transport 8
Heating 23
Air transport 7
Housekeeping 13
3.Why is it important that you should reduce your carbon footprint ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
..................................................................................................................................................................
41
Homework 33
Date
Discuss the following consequences of global warming.
1.Melting polar ice caps and glaciers
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Increase in extreme weather conditions
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Lowered pH of sea water
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 34
Date
1.Define the term desertification
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Explain how desertification takes places
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Desertification causes soil degradation , define soil degradation.
….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Explain why human activities can be seen as one of the main causes of desertification.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
42
5.List FOUR consequences of desertification.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 35
Date
1.What is meant by deforestation ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Which TWO causes of deforestation are represented here ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Name FOUR reasons why trees are cut down.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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4.Name THREE other causes of deforestation , besides the reasons suggested in the diagram.
..................................................................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
43
Homework 36
Date
1.Give an explanation and example of the following concepts.
Complete dominance
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Incomplete dominance
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Co – dominance
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 37
Date
In a certain specie of rabbits , body colour is controlled by two alleles where black (B) is dominant to white (b). Ear shape is controlled by a second gene.The allele for wide ears (E) is dominant to the allele for narrow ears (e).
1.What is the possible genotype for a black rabbit with narrow ears ?
A BbEe
B bbee
C BBEe
D Bbee
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
44
2.What is the possible genotype of gametes produced by a white rabbit with narrow ears ?
A bbee
B be
C BE , Be and be
D bE and be
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 38
Date
Flower colour (purple or white) in a particular plant specie is controlled by two alleles D and d. Four
crosses were carried out to determine which allele is dominant . Forty (40) offspring were produced
in each cross. The phenotypes of the parents and offspring in each cross were recorded.
The results are shown in the table below.
CROSS PHENOTYPE
Parent 1 Parent 2 Offspring
1 Purple White 40 purple
2 Purple Purple 31 purple , 9 white
3 White White 40 white
4 Purple White 21 purple , 19 white 1.State the dominant flower colour.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Use cross 1 to explain your answer to Question 1.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.State Mendels law of segregation.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Use a genetic cross to show how the crossing of two purple flowering plants can produce white
offspring , as in cross 2.
45
Homework 39
Date
Female fruit flies are approximately 2,5 mm long. Males are smaller and possess aa distinct black patch on their bodies .Females lay up to 400 eggs , which develop into adults in 7 to 14 days. Fruit flies will survive and breed in small flasks containing simple nutrient medium consisting mainly of sugars. 1.Use the information above to explain TWO reasons why the fruit fly is a useful organism for studying genetic crosses. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Male fruit flies have the sex chromosomes XY and the females have XX. In the fruit fly , a gene for eye colour is carried on the X chromosome. The allele for red eyes (r) is dominant to the allele for white eyes (r). A white eyed male is crossed with a homozygous red eyed female. Use a genetic cross to show the F1 offspring . 3.Explain why male fruit flies are more likely than female fruit flies to show a phenotype produced by a recessive allele. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
46
Homework 40
Date
Mrs Q and Mrs P both had baby girls in the same hospital on 24 May 2019 , at 03h44 and 03h45 , respectively. Tags were put around the wrists straight after birth to identify them. Baby X was given to Mrs Q and Y to Mrs P. However , after 3 days the mothers instinctively felt that the babies had been switched at birth. They insisted on blood tests to determine whether a switch had possibly occurred. The results of the blood tests were as follows: Mr Q is blood group A and his wife is blood group B : while Mr P is blood group A and his wife is blood group AB. Baby X is blood group A and baby Y is blood group O.
1.Use Punnett diagrams and give detailed reasons why you think a switch did or did not take place.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.If baby Y’s blood group was B , this problem could not be resolved through blood group testing .
Explain.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Name and explain the phenomenon applicable where …
3.1.Genotype I A i a is phenotypically blood group A.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
47
3.2. Genotype I A I B , is phenotypically blood group AB.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.3. blood group O only occurs when the genotype is i i ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Homework 41
Date
In sweet pea plants, the genes that determine the shape of the pollen grains and the colour of the flowers are linked on the same chromosome. The pollen grain could either be rod – shaped (R) or round – shaped (r) and the flowers could be either purple (P) or red (p) . In a dihybrid cross investigation, a sweet pea plant with genotype PpRr was crossed with a sweet pea plant with aa genotype pprr . 1.Write down the genotypes of the offspring produced by crossing of the sweet pea plants with the genotype PpRr and pprr. .................................................................................................................................................................. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. What is the phenotype of a parent plant with genotype Pprr.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 42
Date
1.State Mendels law of indepenedent assortment.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
48
Homework 43
Date
Polydactyly (extra finger/toe) is a dominant trait in humans controlled by a single pair of alleles. The
pedigree diagram below shows a family in which this trait has occurred.
Use F to represent the allele for polydactyly.
1.How many of the males in this pedigree diagram are polydactylous
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
2.Give the genotype of all normal people shown in this pedigree diagram.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Can individuals A and B have a polydactylous child?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.Give ONE reason for your answer in QUESTION 3.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
A B
Normal Female Polydactylous
female
Normal Male Polydactylous male
49
Homwork 44
Date
The pedigree diagram below shows the inheritance of blood groups in a family.
1.How many males in the family are homozygous recessive?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What type of dominance is represented by the genotype of individual 3 ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Give the genotype of individual 1.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. If individual 3 marries a man with blood type O, use a genetic cross to show the possible results in
the F1 generation.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
O A
1 B
B
2
AB
3 O
50
Homework 45
Date
1.Explain what the conditions of the following genetic disorders are.
Haemophilia
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Colour blindness
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Down Syndrome
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 46
Date
1.Distinguish the difference between ‘n chromosomal mutation and a gene mutation. Give an
example of each.
Chromosomal Mutation Gene Mutation
51
Homework 47
Date
1.Fill in the missing labels.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
52
Homework 48
Date
1.Give FOUR advantages/benefits of genetic engineering and FOUR disadvantages/negatives of
genetic engineering.
Advantages/Benefits Disadvantages/Negatives
Homework 49
Date
1.Mention the role of each of the following in paternity testing.
Blood grouping
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
DNA profiles
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
53
Homework 50 + 51
Date
1.Provide labels and functions for the following diagram.
1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 52
Date
1.Give a simple definition of the following.
Reflex Action ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Reflex Arc…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
1
2
3
4
54
Homework 53
Date
1.Provide labels and functions for each of the following parts.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
55
Homework 54
Date
1.Briefly mention the mechanism of how a synapse works as well as the importance of a synapse.
Mechanism………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Importance………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Homework 55
Date
Provide labels and functions for the following.
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
1
2
3 4
5
6
7
8
9
10
56
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....
Homework 56
Date
State the changes that occur in the human eye when accommodation takes place.
Object further than 6 m away.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Object closer than 6 m.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
57
Homework 57
Date
Discuss the pupillary mechanism
In bright light
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
In dull light
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
58
Homework 58
Date
Provide labels and functions for the following
1………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 59
Date
Explain step by step how the sensation of hearing occurs in the human being. Include the role of the
Organ of Corti (the structure does not need to be elaborated on)
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Homework 60
Date
Explain step by step how balance occurs in the human being. (Include the role of maculae and
cristae, without details of their structure)
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Homework 61
Date
1.Label parts:
A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
C………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
D………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.Identify the LETTER representing the auditory nerve.
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3.Name the type of neuron that can be found in the auditory nerve.
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4.Make a simple drawing to illustrate this neuron mentioned in Question 3.
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5.When a person is close to a bomb explosion, a significant amount of pressure is exerted on the ear.
Explain the effect this will have on the process of hearing.
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Homework 62
Date
Tabulate TWO differences between an endocrine and exocrine gland.
Endocrine gland Exocrine gland
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Homework 63
Date
Identify the following glands and state which hormone each one secretes.
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4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 64
Date
1.Give the definition of a negative feedback mechanism.
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2.Explain the negative feedback mechanism using Insulin and Glucagon as examples.
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Homework 65
Date
Give the definition of homeostasis.
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Homework 66
Date
1.Simphiwe took part in the Comrades Marathon which is a long distance race that starts very early
on a cold, winter’s morning.
Describe the effect of adrenalin on his body and how his body temperature was regulated as he
waited to start the race on a cold day. Also describe the changes that took place in his eyes to adjust
to the increasing light as the sun was rising.
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Homework 67
Date
1.Give the general functions of the following.
Auxins………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Gibberellins………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Abscisic acid…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Homework 68
Date
Maria wanted to investigate the effect of light coming from one direction on the growth of shoots.
She planted some bean seeds in two seed trays and allowed them to germinate. When the young
shoots appeared above the soil level, the shoots were exposed to light from all directions for three
days.
After three days, the trays received the following different treatments:
• Tray A: The shoots were exposed to light from all directions.
• Tray B: The shoots were exposed to light from one direction only.
The diagram below shows the effects of these treatments.
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1.Explain why it is important to include Tray A as part of this investigation.
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2.Explain the results obtained in Tray B in terms of the role of auxins.
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3.State TWO factors that should be kept constant in this investigation.
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Homework 69
Date
Discus the role of the following as plant defence mechanisms:
Chemicals…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Thorns…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Homework 70 + 71 + 72
Date
Give a brief description on the ideas on evolution in the order of their origin are as follows:
Lamarckism…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Darwinism……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Punctuated Equilibrium……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Homework 73
Date
1.Name FOUR evidences that prove that evolution took place.
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Homework 74
Date
1.Elaborate on the “Out of Africa Hypothesis”
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Homework 75
Date
1.State SIX advantages of a larger cranium.
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Homework 76
Date
1.Name SIX advantages of bipedalism.
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Homework 77
Date
1.Name the changes that took place in primates began to evolve to bipedalism.
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Homework 78
Date
1.Compare the Homos sapiens to the African ape under the following headings.
Feature Humans African apes
Cranium
Brow
Spine
Pelvic girdle
Canines
Palate shape
Foramen Magnum
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Homework 79
Date
Name EIGHT similarities that primates have in common with humans.
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Homework 80
Date
Reproduction isolation , isolates the gene pool of a specie. Name FOUR examples of reproductive
isolation.
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Homework 81
Date
Name the general aspects of speciation due to Geographic isolation.
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Homework 82
Date
1.Tabulate THREE differences between Natural Selection and Artificial selection.
Natural Selection Artificial Selection
Homework 83
Date
1.Give a simple example of how organisms evolved due to Natural Selection.
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Homework 84
Date
Which two species are LEAST related?
A Pygmy hippopotamus and blue whale
B White-tailed deer and wild boar
C Blue whale and white-tailed deer
D Alpaca and blue whale
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Homework 85
Date
As a result of a mutation, bacteria with three varieties of cell wall exist as shown below.
cell wall with round spikes
cell wall with square
spikes
cell wall with triangular spikes
An antibiotic destroys the bacteria by binding with it. The antibiotic has two binding sites, one
triangular and the other square.
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Use Darwin’s theory of evolution through natural selection to explain why the bacteria with round
spikes on their cell walls will increase in proportion in future generations.
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Homework 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90
Date
Label part X and the type of teeth at Y. X ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Y……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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Explain the significance of the location of structure X in organism C. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Which of the skulls (A, B or C) belongs to: (a) (b)
An australopithecine …………………………………………………………………………………………………… A quadripedal primate ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Explain how the change in the skull from B to C could indicate a change in intelligence. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Describe the significance of the shape of each of the following as a trend in human evolution: (a) Spine
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(b) Shape of the pelvis ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....
Describe the significance of Homo erectus to the ‘Out of Africa’ hypothesis. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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