WORK AND MOTIVATIONResponsibility
(Employers vs. Employees)
What I need is someone who will make me doWhat I can
(Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)American philosopher and poet)
FACTORS THAT AFFECT WORK MOTIVATION individual differences
job characteristics
organisational practises
STRATEGIES FOR RAISING JOB SATISFACTION AND QUALITY OF WORK LIFE (QWL) improving work conditions and security increasing the workers responsibility providing financial stability enhancing the workers sense of self- worth providing opportunities for social relationships within the organisation
Good motivationresults in more productive environment
higher competitiveness
higher profitability
Employees like work or
have to be forced
Managers motivategood remuneration: (salary, commission, bonuses, perks)sick pay / pensiongood working relationsgood working conditionsjob security / job safetypromotionchallenging jobresponsibilitycontact with peopleopportunities to travellong holidays / vacations
MK: p: 15 Discussion Which statements do you agree with?
Motivation theoriesAbraham Maslow: Hierarchy of needsDouglas McGregor: Theory X / Theory YFrederick Herzberg: The motivation to Work a) hygiene factors / satisfiers b) motivators
1. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs
2. McGregors Theory X and Theory Y
a) Theory X - traditional approach - people are lazy/dislike work/lack ambition - motivated only by money - they have to be threatened and rewarded/need discipline, control - most people are incapable of taking responsibility - managers are authoritarian (direct everything, from the top down)
2. Theory Y - more progressive - workers are motivated by many needs, they like work - people can take responsibility (prefer to participate in decision- making, like autonomy) - managers should trust workers and help them do their best, team-oriented, organise communication channels and listen to their subordinates opinions
3. Herzbergs Hygiene FactorsNeeds of workers:
a) Satisfiers (hygiene factors/
to keep workers contented: - clean, quiet and safe working conditions - adequate rest breaks - good labour relations - good wages and benefits - job security
b) Motivators (encourage to do their best)
- praise from managers - career advancement - more responsibility
(If the hygiene factors are poor then the motivating factors wont work)
Is it true or false? 1.Theory X and Theory Y are theories of leadership. True/False2.Theory X is more traditional description of management. True/False3.Theory Y - managers tell workers what they want True/False4. Theory X - managers are authoritarian. True/False5. Theory Y - workers are lazy and dont want to work. True/False6. For Theory X workers, work is natural. True/False7. Theory Y working relationships are open, communicative and creative. T/F
MK: p: 17 Comprehension True or false? 18 - Vocabulary
Complete the three definitions of motivationbehaves, drives, effort, outcomes, reach, willingness
Motivation is what ______________ us to try to ____________ certain goals. Motivation is a decision-making process through which a person chooses desired ____________ and _________in ways that will lead to acquiring them. Motivation is the _____________to make the __________ to achieve certain goals.
Read the following text and answer the questions:What are extrinsic rewards?What are intrinsic rewards related to?What are the four intrinsic rewards?What is the sense of meaningfulness and why is it important?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Uf7C7rr1O8
What motivates staff to perform better in work?
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