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Join Our Mailing List Wine Barrels: What do ASCE 710 seismic provisions say about their design and anchorage? Posted on 20151016 Topics: ASCE 710, Seismic Provisions Return to Blog Index We recently received a question asking about wine barrels and whether or not they have to be designed in accordance with the seismic provisions of Chapter 13 (nonstructural components) or Chapter 15 (nonbuilding structures) of ASCE 710. The inquirer wanted to know what the answer was for both of these situations: 1) wine barrels within a building, but anchored to the slab at the ground floor, and 2) wine barrels within a building on an upper floor. The term “barrel” is synonymous with the term “tank” for the purpose of this discussion, so we’ll switch to “tank” since that is what ASCE 710 uses. First, let’s take a look at what ASCE 710 Chapter 15 says with respect to tanks within a building (we’ve added italics and bold typeface for emphasis). ASCE 710 Section 15.7.10.1 states “tanks and vessels that are supported within buildings or incidental to the primary function of the tower are considered mechanical equipment and shall be designed in accordance with Chapter 13”. Also Section 15.7.1 states that “tanks supported on elevated levels in buildings shall be designed in accordance with Section 15.3” which may result in use of Chapter 13. We decided to go to a leading expert for the answer and sought the advice of J. G. (Greg) Soules, P.E., S.E., P.Eng., SECB, Principal Civil/Structural Engineer at CB&I and Chair of the Nonbuilding Structures Task Committee of the ASCE 7 Seismic Subcommittee. Here is what he had to say: "First some background information. There is no absolute line separating the applicability of ASCE 7 Chapter 13 from Chapter 15. The closest is for nonstructural components (or nonbuilding structures) supported by another structure. If the weight of the nonstructural components (or nonbuilding structures) is less than 25% of the combined weight of the supporting structure and the nonstructural components (or nonbuilding structures), ASCE 7 Sections 15.3 and 13.1.1 send you to Chapter 13 for forces on the anchorage. Chapter 13 can also be read to allow its provisions to be used for nonstructural components supported at grade within a building, but in the case of wine tanks, Chapter 15 is the way wine tanks at grade should be handled. Tanks are included in Table 13.61. Chapter 13, for nonhazardous materials, is only concerned with the tank anchorage so the tank does not fall and kill someone. Chapter 13 has no specific design guidelines to prevent collapse of a tank. Chapter 15, on the other hand, does concern itself with collapse prevention of the tank. Chapter 13 recognizes this

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Page 1: Wine Barrels_ What Do ASCE 7-10 Seismic Provisions Say About Their Design and Anchorage

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Wine Barrels: What do ASCE 7­10 seismic provisions say about theirdesign and anchorage?

Posted on 2015­10­16Topics: ASCE 7­10, Seismic ProvisionsReturn to Blog Index

We recently received a question asking about wine barrels and whether or not they have to bedesigned in accordance with the seismic provisions of Chapter 13 (nonstructural components)or Chapter 15 (nonbuilding structures) of ASCE 7­10. The inquirer wanted to know what theanswer was for both of these situations: 1) wine barrels within a building, but anchored to theslab at the ground floor, and 2) wine barrels within a building on an upper floor. The term“barrel” is synonymous with the term “tank” for the purpose of this discussion, so we’ll switch to“tank” since that is what ASCE 7­10 uses.

First, let’s take a look at what ASCE 7­10 Chapter 15 says with respect to tanks within abuilding (we’ve added italics and bold typeface for emphasis). ASCE 7­10 Section 15.7.10.1states “tanks and vessels that are supported within buildings or incidental to the primaryfunction of the tower are considered mechanical equipment and shall be designed inaccordance with Chapter 13”. Also Section 15.7.1 states that “tanks supported on elevatedlevels in buildings shall be designed in accordance with Section 15.3” which may result in useof Chapter 13.

We decided to go to a leading expert for the answer and sought the advice of J. G. (Greg)Soules, P.E., S.E., P.Eng., SECB, Principal Civil/Structural Engineer at CB&I and Chair of theNonbuilding Structures Task Committee of the ASCE 7 Seismic Subcommittee. Here is what hehad to say:

"First some background information. There is no absolute line separating the applicability ofASCE 7 Chapter 13 from Chapter 15. The closest is for nonstructural components (ornonbuilding structures) supported by another structure. If the weight of the nonstructuralcomponents (or nonbuilding structures) is less than 25% of the combined weight of thesupporting structure and the nonstructural components (or nonbuilding structures), ASCE 7Sections 15.3 and 13.1.1 send you to Chapter 13 for forces on the anchorage. Chapter 13can also be read to allow its provisions to be used for nonstructural components supportedat grade within a building, but in the case of wine tanks, Chapter 15 is the way wine tanksat grade should be handled.

Tanks are included in Table 13.6­1. Chapter 13, for non­hazardous materials, is onlyconcerned with the tank anchorage so the tank does not fall and kill someone. Chapter 13has no specific design guidelines to prevent collapse of a tank. Chapter 15, on the otherhand, does concern itself with collapse prevention of the tank. Chapter 13 recognizes this

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Figure 1: Typical Anchor Chair for Tank(Photo Credit: Greg Soules)

in Section 13.1.5 as reprinted below. Chapter 13 requires that the tank be designed to meetthe requirements of Chapter 15, whether it is supported at grade within a building or on anupper floor of a building.

13.1.5 Application of Nonstructural Component Requirements to NonbuildingStructures. Nonbuilding structures (including storage racks and tanks) that aresupported by other structures shall be designed in accordance with Chapter 15.Where Section 15.3 requires that seismic forces be determined in accordance withChapter 13 and values for Rp are not provided in Table 13.5­1 or 13.6­1, Rp shall

be taken as equal to the value of R listed in Chapter 15. The value of apshall be

determined in accordance with footnote a of Table 13.5­1 or 13.6­1.

I would interpret Section 13.1.5 to apply to tanks supported at grade within a building. So,Sections 15.7.10.1 and 15.7.5 would also apply.

The inquiry is in reference to wine tanks. Winetanks historically have ignored the seismicprovisions and detailing requirements found intank standards such as API 650 or AWWA D100.The poor performance of wine tanks is due to notusing anchor chair details used in water tanks andpetroleum tanks, relying on the thin bottomprojection to transfer anchor loads instead of aproper anchor chair detail, using very thin shells(which are often lap welded inducing eccentricitieswhich in turn causes additional compressivestresses from bending) that buckle under theseismic loads. The anchor provisions in ASCE 7­10 Sections 15.4.9 (anchorage to be designed toACI 318 Appendix D), 15.7.3 (anchor connectionto shell to be designed for overstrength loads),and 15.7.5 (concrete embedment designed suchthat the anchor yields and stretches thus acting asa seismic fuse) would eliminate the anchorage

problems in wine tanks if they were used. It is my personal opinion that the wine tankfailures in Napa would not have occurred if the wine tanks complied with the designprovisions and detailing requirements of tank standards such as API 650 or AWWAD100 and the requirements of ASCE 7 Chapter 15.”

We would like to thank Greg Soules for his invaluable insight on this subject and for sharing hisexpertise and knowledge.

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