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Subtittle if needed. If not MONTH 2018Published in Month 2018
Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statistics
Wind in power 2017
windeurope.org
Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsPublished February 2018
Wind in power 2017
TEXT AND ANALYSIS: WindEurope Business IntelligenceDaniel Fraile (Installation and generation highlights)Ariola Mbistrova (Financing highlights)
EDITORS:
Iván Pineda, WindEuropePierre Tardieu, WindEurope
DESIGN:
Laia Miró, WindEurope
FINANCE DATA:
Clean Energy PipelineAll currency conversions made at EUR/GBP 0.8774 and EUR to USD 1.1330Figures include estimates for undisclosed values
PHOTO COVER:
Courtesy of Pixabay/Distel2610
WINDEUROPE ACKNOWLEDGES THE KIND COOPERATION OF THE FOLLOWING ASSOCIATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS:
IG Windkraft (AT) - BOP, EDORA and ODE (BE) - BGWEA (BG) - RP Global Projekti (HR) - K. Ellinas Energy (CY) - CSVE (CZ) - DWIA (DK) - Tuulenergia (EE) - SEV (FO) - Suomen Tuulivoimayhdistys ry (FI) - France Énergie Éolienne and Syndicat des Énergies Renouvelables (FR) - BWE, VDMA and Stiftung Offshore Windenergie (DE) - HWEA (EL) - HWIA (HU) - IWEA (IE) - Landsvirkjun (IS) - ANEV and as-soRinnovabili (IT) - LWEA (LV) - LWPA (LT) - Energy Institute Hrvoje Pozar (HR) - Ministry of Sustainable Development and Infrastruc-tures (LU) - NWEA (NL) - PWEA (PL) - APREN (PT) - NorWEA (NO) - RWEA (RO) - Continental Wind Partners (SRB) - Slovak Renewable Energy Agency (SK) - RAWI (RS) - Svenskvindenergi (SE) - AEE (ES) - Suisse Eole (CH) - TÜREB (TK) - UWEA (UA) - RenewableUK (UK).
MORE INFORMATION:
[email protected]+32 2 213 18 68
This report summarises new installations and financing activity in Europe’s wind farms from 1 January to 31 December 2017.
WindEurope regularly surveys the industry to determine the level of installations of wind farms, and the subsequent dispatch of first power to the grid. The data represents gross installations per site and country unless otherwise stated. Rounding of figures is at the discretion of the author.
DISCLAIMER
This publication contains information collected on a regular basis throughout the year and then verified with relevant members of the industry ahead of publication. Neither WindEurope, nor its members, nor their related entities are, by means of this publication, rendering professional advice or services. Neither WindEurope nor its members shall be responsible for any loss whatsoever sustained by any person who relies on this publication.
This report was modified from the initial version published on 13 February. Please refer to the footnote in page 9 for more information.
CO
NTE
NTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................ 6
1. ANNUAL POWER GENERATION CAPACITY ..................................................... 10
1.1 New wind power in 2017 ..................................................................................... 10
1.2 Total new power generation in 2017 .............................................................. 11
1.3 New renewable power in 2017 ......................................................................... 13
2. TRENDS AND CUMULATIVE INSTALLATIONS ................................................. 14
2.1 Renewable power capacity .............................................................................. 14
2.2 Net changes in eu installed power capacity 2000-2017 ........................ 15
2.3 Total installed power capacity ........................................................................ 15
3. A CLOSER LOOK AT NEW WIND POWER CAPACITY .................................... 17
3.1 Onshore and offshore annual installations ......................................................... 17
3.2 National breakdown of new wind power installations ............................. 18
3.3 Onshore and offshore cumulative wind power installations .................. 20
3.4 Wind power generation .................................................................................... 21
3.5 Onshore wind turbines ...................................................................................... 23
4. INVESTMENT NUMBERS IN 2017 ......................................................................... 24
6 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
EXECUTIVE SUMMARYEurope installed 16.8 GW (15.6 GW in the EU) of gross additional wind power capacity in 2017, marking a record year on annual installations. With a total net installed ca-pacity of 168.7 GW, wind energy remains the second larg-
est form of power generation capacity in Europe, closely approaching gas installations.
FIGURE 1 Total power generation capacity in the European Union 2005-2017
Source: WindEurope
0
50
100
150
200
250
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
GW
Large HydroBiomass
WindNuclear
GasSolar PV
CoalFuel Oil
2007: Wind overtakes fuel oil as the 5th largest form of power generation capacity.
2016: Wind overtakes coal as the 2nd largest form of power generation capacity.
2013: Wind overtakes nuclear as the 4th largest form of power generation capacity.
2015: Wind overtakes hydro as the 3rd largest form of power generation capacity.
7Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
Executive summary
2017 annual figures
• Europe installed 15,638 MW of new wind power capacity during 2017, an increase of 25% compared to 2016 annual installations. 12,484 MW were onshore, and 3,154 MW were offshore.
• 2017 was a record year for both onshore and offshore installations. Onshore installations grew 14.3% while offshore grew 101% compared to 2016.
• Wind power installed more than any other form of power generation in Europe in 2017. Wind power accounted for 55% of total power capacity installations.
• Renewable energy accounted for 85% of all new EU power installations in 2017: 23.9 GW of a total 28.3 GW of new power capacity.
• With 336 TWh generated in 2017, wind power covered an average 11.6% of the EU’s electricity demand.
• 2017 saw €22.3bn in new investments announced in wind energy. This will finance the development of 11.5 GW of new wind farms. €14.8bn of this was for onshore wind, and €7.5bn for offshore. Overall, this was 19% less than the total investment in 2016.
• Wind energy investments accounted for 52% of the new clean energy finance in 2017, compared to 86% in 2016.
Trends and cumulative installations
• There are now 168.7 GW of installed wind power capacity in the EU: 153 GW onshore and 15.8 GW offshore.
• Wind energy now accounts for 18% of EU’s total installed power generation capacity.
• The total net EU-installed power generation capacity increased by 18.8 GW in 2017 to 937 GW.
• Conventional power sources such as fuel oil and coal continue to decommission more capacity than they install. The amount of decommissioned gas-fired generation capacity was almost equal to the amount of newly-commissioned gas-fired generation capacity.
Country highlights
• Germany installed the most wind power capacity in 2017, with 42% of the total EU new installations.
• Germany remains the EU country with the largest installed wind power capacity, followed by Spain, the UK and France. 16 EU countries have more than 1 GW of wind power installed. Nine of these have more than 5 GW installed.
• Six EU countries had a record year in new wind energy installations in 2016: Germany (6.6 GW), the UK (4.3 GW), France (1.7 GW), Belgium (476 MW), Ireland (426 MW) and Croatia (147 MW).
• Denmark is the country with the largest share of wind energy in its electricity demand with 44%. Germany registered the highest annual increase from 16% to 20% of wind energy in its electricity demand.
56
6.6
2.8
0.2
3.1
0.4
9.5
0.2
6.9
0.8
2.6
0.3
3
0.005
0.3
0.03
0.3-
0.003-
0.003-
0.60.1
0.2-
WIND ENERGYCOVERED
OF EU ELECTRICITYDEMAND IN 2017
11.6%16.8 GWTOTAL EUROPE
OF NEW WIND POWERIN THE EU
15.6 GW
0-10%
10-20%
20-30%
30-40%
40-50%
Shareof wind
in power demand
GW
New addedcapacityin 2017
Cumulativeinstalledcapacity
2.8
0.5
1.2
0.3
4.3
0.08
5.8
0.04
5.3
-
13.8
1.7
23.2
0.1
0.3-
0.5-
0.07-
0.1-
0.07-
-
5.5
0.3
18.9
4.3
6.7
0.2
2.1
0.5
0.7-
Source: WindEurope
9Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
1. 2017 onshore wind capacity in Finland was revised down from 517MW to 475 MW from the version published on 13 February 2018.2. 2016 onshore wind capacity in Poland was revised down from 1,255 MW to 682 MW from the version published on 13 February 2018.
Executive summary
TABLE 1 Cumulative and new installed wind power capacity in 2016 and 2017
EU-28 (MW) INSTALLED 2016
END 2016
INSTALLED 2017END 2017ON-
SHOREOFF-
SHORE
Austria 228 2,632 196 - 2,828
Belgium 168 2,378 302 165 2,843
Bulgaria - 691 - - 691
Croatia 79 466 147 - 613
Cyprus - 158 - - 158
Czech Republic - 281 26 - 308
Denmark 223 5,230 342 - 5,476
Estonia 7 310 - - 310
Finland 570 1,539 4751 60 2,071
France 1,561 12,065 1,692 2 13,759
Germany 5,443 50,019 5,334 1,247 56,132
Greece 234 2,369 282 - 2,651
Hungary - 329 - - 329
Ireland 255 2,701 426 - 3,127
Italy 283 9,227 252 - 9,479
Latvia 7 70 - - 66
Lithuania 178 493 - - 493
Luxembourg 56 120 - - 120
Malta - - - - -
Netherlands 887 4,328 81 - 4,341
Poland 6822 5,807 41 - 5,848
Portugal 268 5,316 - - 5,316
Romania 48 3,024 5 - 3,029
Slovakia - 3 - - 3
Slovenia - 3 - - 3
Spain 49 23,075 96 - 23,170
Sweden 468 6,494 197 - 6,691
UK 796 14,602 2,590 1,680 18,872
Total EU-28 12,489 153,731 12,484 3,154 168,729
CANDIDATE COUNTRIES
(MW)
INSTALLED 2016
END 2016
INSTALLED 2017END 2017ON-
SHOREOFF-
SHORE
FYROM - 37 - - 37
Serbia - 10 8 - 18
Turkey 1,397 6,091 766 - 6,857
Total 1,397 6,138 774 - 6,912
EFTA (MW) INSTALLED 2016
END 2016
INSTALLED 2017END 2017ON-
SHOREOFF-
SHORE
Iceland - 3 - - 3
Liechtenstein - - - - -
Norway 16 838 324 - 1,162
Switzerland 15 70 - - 70
Total 31 911 324 - 1,235
OTHER (MW)
INSTALLED 2016
END 2016
INSTALLED 2017END 2017ON-
SHOREOFF-
SHORE
Belarus - 3 - - 3
Faroe Islands - 18 - - 18
Russia - 15 - - 15
Ukraine 12 526 68 - 593
Total 12 563 68 - 631
INSTALLED 2016
END 2016
INSTALLED 2017END 2017ON-
SHOREOFF-
SHORE
Total 13,928 161,342 13,649 3,154 177,506
10 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
1.1 NEW WIND POWER IN 2017
Europe insalled 16.8 GW of wind power in 2017, 15.6 GW of which were installed in the European Union.
FIGURE 2 EU country shares of new wind energy capacity installed during 2017. Total: 15,638 MW
Source: WindEurope
ANNUAL POWER GENERATION CAPACITY
1.
Finland535 MW3.4%
Belgium467 MW3.0%
Ireland426 MW2.7%
Denmark342 MW2.2%
Greece282 MW1.8%
Italy252 MW1.6%
Sweden197 MW1.3%
Austria196 MW1.3%
Croatia147 MW0.9%
Spain96 MW0.6%
Netherlands81 MW0.5% Poland
41 MW0.3%
Czech Republic26 MW0.2%
Romania5 MW0.0%
Germany6,581 MW42.0%
UK4,270 MW27.2%
France1,694 MW10.8%
11Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
3. 2017 CSP capacity was revised up from 0 to 118 MW from the version published on 13 February 2018.
Annual market in 2017
1.2 TOTAL NEW POWER GENERATION IN 2017
FIGURE 3 Share of new installed capacity. Total 28,316 MW
Source: WindEurope, Platts, SolarPower Europe, Ocean Energy Europe
Of the capacity installed in the EU, 12,484 MW was on-shore and 3,154 MW offshore. The annual onshore in-stallations increased by 14%, while offshore installations doubled. Overall, the volume of new installations was 25% up on the 2016 figure.
Germany installed the most wind power capacity in 2017, with 6,581 MW of new capacity (a 15% increase on 2016 and a record year); 19% of the installed capacity in Ger-many was offshore. The UK came second with 4,270 MW installations, five times more than installations in 2016.
France came third with 1,694 MW (9% growth on the pre-vious year).
Finland (535 MW), Belgium (467 MW) and Ireland (426 MW) followed, with additions all above 400 MW and reaching record levels of installation.
The top six countries in 2017 all reached their highest an-nual installation figures.
In total, 17 countries saw some new installations last year, down from 2016 with 20 countries. There were no new in-stallations in the Baltic countries. The Czech Republic had new installations (26 MW) after two years of inactivity.
80% of the total new installations took place in just three countries, a considerable increase in the concentration of power capacity compared to 2016.
Gas2,612 MW9.2%
Biomass964 MW3.4%
Large Hydro1,085 MW3.8%
Coal1,741 MW6.1%
CSP3
118 MW0.5%
Waste80 MW0.3%
Nuclear28 MW0.1%
Small Hydro17 MW0.1%Ocean3 MW0.0%
Wind15,638 MW55.2%
Solar PV6,030 MW21.3%
6 EU COUNTRIESHAD A RECORD YEAR IN WIND ENERGY INSTALLATIONS
12 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
Annual market in 2017
In 2017 28.3 GW of new gross power generation capacity were installed in the EU, 9% more than in 2016.
Wind power was the energy technology with the highest capacity installations in 2017. With 15.6 GW, it accounted for 55.2% of all new installations. Solar PV came second with 6 GW (21.5%) and gas followed with 2.6 GW (9.2%).
Coal added 1.7 GW of new capacity (6.1% of total installa-tions), hydro installed 1 GW (3.9%) and biomass 964 MW (3.4%).
During 2017 countries decommissioned 7.5 GW of coal capacity, 2.2 GW of gas capacity, and 2.1 GW of fuel oil capacity. 640 MW of wind power were decommissioned.
55% OF NEW POWER CAPACITYIN THE EU CAME FROM WIND
FIGURE 4
Newly installed and decommissioned capacity in the European Union
Source: WindEurope, Platts, SolarPower Europe, Ocean Energy Europe
15,638
6,030
9642,612
1,085 80 0 118 01,741
(-640)(-2,256)
0 0
(-2,197)
(-7,510)-10,000
-5,000
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Wind SolarPV
Biomass Gas Hydro Waste Peat CSP Fuel Oil Coal
MW
New capacity installed Capacity decommissioned
13Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
Annual market in 2017
FIGURE 5 Share of new renewable power installations. Total: 23,935 MW
Source: WindEurope
1.3 NEW RENEWABLE POWER IN 2017
In 2017 renewables accounted for a total of 23.9 GW of new capacity, 85% of all new installed capacity in the EU-28. This was the tenth consecutive year in which renewa-bles contributed over 55% of all additional power capacity in the EU.
85% OF NEW POWER CAPACITYIN THE EU CAME FROM RENEWABLES
Biomass964 MW4.0%
Large Hydro1,085 MW4.5%
Waste80 MW0.3%
CSP118 MW0.5%
Small Hydro17 MW0.1%
Wind15,638 MW65.3%
Solar PV6,030 MW25.2%
14 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
FIGURE 6
Annual installed capacity and renewable share
Source: WindEurope
2.1 RENEWABLE POWER CAPACITY
In 2000 new renewable power capacity installations were a mere 2.7 GW, accounting for less than 20% of new pow-er installations that year. Since 2007 the share of renewa-bles has been more than 50% of new power installations. As from 2011, this share has been 70% or higher, with
annual additions of between 20 and 34 GW every year. Europe installed 495 GW of new power capacity since 2000, 33% of which has been wind power and 60% of which has been renewables.
TRENDS AND CUMULATIVE INSTALLATIONS
2.
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
20142015
20162017 S
hare
of
RE
S in
tot
al i
nsta
llati
ons
MW
Wind
Solar PVGas
CoalNuclear Fuel Oil Large Hydro
Biomass OtherPeat Small Hydro
Waste
Geothermal
Other GasCSP
Ocean
RES share
15Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
Trends and cumulative installations
FIGURE 7 Net electricity installations in the EU from 2000 to 2017
Source: WindEurope
2.2 NET CHANGES IN EU INSTALLED POWER CAPACITY 2000-2017Since 2000 the net growth of wind power (157.7 GW), so-lar PV (107.3 GW) and gas (96.7 GW) capacity has coincid-ed with the net reduction in fuel oil (down by 40.4 GW), coal (down by 41.2 GW) and nuclear (down by 17.2 GW).
The EU’s power sector continues to move away from fuel oil, coal and nuclear while increasing its total installed generation capacity with wind, solar PV and other renew-
ables. With a net growth of 96.7 GW since 2000, gas re-mains the technology with the largest installed capacity in the EU.
158.3
107.3 96.7
10.5 9.0 2.9 2.3 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.0
(-17.2)(-41.2) (-40.4)
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
Wind
Solar P
VGas
Biomass
Large H
ydro
Wast
eCSP
Other G
as
Small H
ydro
Geotherm
al
Peat
Ocean
Nuclear
Coal
Fuel Oil
GW
2.3 TOTAL INSTALLED POWER CAPACITY
The share of wind power in the EU’s total installed power capacity has increased from 6% in 2005 to 18% in 2017. Having overtaken coal in 2016 as the second largest form of power generation capacity in the EU, wind power is
now closely catching up with gas. Wind remains the first among renewables. Over the same period renewables in-creased their share from 26% of total power capacity in 2005 to 47% in 2017.
WIND REMAINS THE 2nd
LARGEST POWER GENERATING
CAPACITY IN THE EU
16 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
Trends and cumulative installations
FIGURE 8Share in installed capacity in 2005 and 2017
Source: WindEurope
Wind169 GW18.0%
Solar PV107 GW11.5%
Gas188 GW20.1%
Coal148 GW15.8%
Nuclear118 GW12.6%
Fuel Oil29 GW3.0%
Large Hydro137 GW14.6%
Biomass15 GW1.6%
Other27 GW2.8%
Wind41 GW6.0%
Solar PV2 GW0.3%
Fuel Oil52 GW7.7%
Gas138 GW20.5%
Coal167 GW24.8%
Nuclear131 GW19.4%
Large Hydro120 GW17.7%
Biomass7 GW1.0%
Other18 GW2.6%
2005 2017
17Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
3.1 ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE ANNUAL INSTALLATIONS
Annual wind power installations in the EU have increased steadily over the past 12 years from 6.6 GW in 2005 to 15.6 GW in 2017, breaking all previous records.
Offshore wind represented 20% of the annual EU instal-lations, with 3,154 MW of new capacity connected to the grid in 2017. This was double than 2016 and a slight in-crease compared to 2015, which was an exceptional year due to the resolving of grid connection delays in Germany.
A CLOSER LOOK AT NEW WIND POWER CAPACITY
3.
FIGURE 9 Annual onshore and offshore wind installations in the EU
Source: WindEurope
6.5 7.18.6 8.1
9.7 9.0 8.910.9 10.0 10.5 9.8
10.9 12.50.1 0.1
0.3 0.3
0.6 0.9 0.8
1.2 1.6 1.53.0 1.6
3.1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
GW
onshore offshore
18 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
A closer look at wind power installations
4. Central Eastern Europe includes Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta and Slovakia.
5. Offshore Wind in 2017, WindEurope, February 2018.
3.2 NATIONAL BREAKDOWN OF NEW WIND POWER INSTALLATIONSIn 2017 42% of new wind energy capacity was installed in Germany, slightly lower than in 2016 with 44%. The UK and Ireland significantly increased their share in new ca-pacity, from 8% in 2016 to 30% last year. France and Bene-lux remained the third largest region with 14% of the new installed capacity, down from 20% in 2016. Installations
in the Iberian Peninsula, Italy and Greece remained very modest, with only 6% of the EU total. Wind power installa-tions in countries that joined the EU after 2005 represent-ed just 1%, down from 10% in 2016.
FIGURE 10Geographical concentration of the annual wind power installations4
Source: WindEurope
0%10%
20%
30%40%50%60%
70%80%90%
100%
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
20142015
20162017
Germany Iberian peninsula, Italy & Greece France & BeneluxNordics & Austria UK & Ireland Central and Eastern Europe
Germany installed a record 6,581 MW of wind energy, largely due to the end of its feed-in-tariff regime and the entry of feed-in-premiums with auctions. Similarly, the UK experienced the largest growth of installations with 4,270 MW as the support framework (ROCs – Renewable Obli-gation Certificates) came to an end and developers rushed to ensure applicability for the outgoing regime (onshore installations). In both countries, offshore installations represented a large share of all grid-connected projects thanks to very large wind farms coming into operation5.
The French onshore market, supported by a favoura-ble regulatory regime, continued to grow steadily for its fourth consecutive year, reaching their best ever result with 1,692 MW. Belgium (476 MW) and Ireland (426 MW)
continued to build and connect wind farms at a strong pace, breaking their own national records. Importantly, Finland saw it first commercial offshore installation. Den-mark had strong onshore installations (342 MW) while no new offshore installations have been registered since
80% OF WIND POWER IN THE EUWAS INSTALLED IN JUST 3 COUNTRIES: GERMANY, THE UK AND FRANCE
19Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
A closer look at wind power installations
6. The ratio of installed capacity to average power consumption is an indicator that reflects the size of national wind energy markets relative to their electricity demand. It is a performance indicator to compare annual installations between distinct countries.
FIGURE 112017 installed wind energy capacity onshore and offshore. Total: 15,638 MW
Source: WindEurope
2013. In Greece, onshore installations have been growing for 4 consecutive years (272 MW). On the other hand, Ita-ly (255 MW) is far from the rate of installations registered between 2008 and 2012 (above 1,000 MW annually). Cro-atia (147 MW) broke a record, doubling its installations
from the previous year. Poland (41 MW) had the largest decrease compared to the last two years (above 1,200 MW). Similarly, Sweden and Austria have continued to de-crease since 2014, when they experienced their highest values.
6,581
4,270
1,694
535 467 426 342 282 252 197 196 147 96 81 41 26 50
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Germany UK
France
Finland
Belgium
Irela
nd
Denmark
Greece
Italy
Sweden
Austria
Croatia
Spain
Netherla
nds
Poland
Czech
Republic
Romania
MW
Onshore Offshore
IRELAND IS THE COUNTRY WITH MOST NEW WIND CAPACITY RELATIVE TO ITS TOTAL POWER CONSUMPTION
With a newly-installed wind capacity of 426 MW and an average power consumption of 3 GW (ratio of 14%), Ire-land is the country with the highest level of new installed wind capacity relative to its total power consumption. Germany (12%) and the UK (12%) follow closely.
TABLE 2 Top 10 countries of wind power installations relative to their power consumption6
RANKING COUNTRY RATIO
1 Ireland 14%
2 Germany 12%
3 UK 12%
4 Finland 6%
5 Belgium 5%
RANKING COUNTRY RATIO
6 Greece 5%
7 Denmark 4%
8 France 3%
9 Austria 3%
10 Sweden 1%
20 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
A closer look at wind power installations
3.3 ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE CUMULATIVE WIND POWER INSTALLATIONS168.7 GW are now installed in the European Union, a growth of 10% compared to 2016. Germany remains the EU country with the largest installed capacity, followed by Spain, the UK, France and Italy. Four other EU countries (Sweden, Poland, Portugal and Denmark) have more than 5 GW installed. Seven additional EU countries have over 1 GW of installed capacity: Austria, Belgium, Finland, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands and Romania.
168.7 GW OF WIND POWER ARE NOW INSTALLED IN THE EU
FIGURE 12 Cumulative installations onshore and offshore in the EU. Total: 168.7 GW
Source: WindEurope
40 4756 64
73 8291
101111
121121
141153
0.70.8
1.11.5
2.13.0
3.8
5.0
6.6
8.1
11
13
15.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
GW
Onshore Offshore
Over half of all wind power installations in the EU are in three countries. Germany (56.1 GW), Spain (23.2 GW) and the UK (18.9 GW) together represent 58% of all the cumulative installed capacity. France, Italy and Sweden follow with
13.8 GW (8% of total EU capacity), 9.5 GW (6%) and 6.7 GW (4%) respectively.
21Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
A closer look at wind power installations
7. At time of publication, generation data for Luxemburg and Croatia was not available.
FIGURE 13 Cumulative installations onshore and offshore by country. Total: 168.7 GW
Source: WindEurope
56.1
23.2
18.9
13.8
9.56.7 5.8 5.5 5.3 4.3 3.1 3 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.1 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Ger
ma
nyS
pa
in UK
Fra
nce
Ita
lyS
wed
enP
ola
ndD
enm
ark
Por
tuga
lN
ethe
rla
nds
Irel
and
Rom
ani
aB
elgi
umA
ustr
iaG
reec
eF
inla
ndB
ulga
ria
Cro
ati
aLi
thua
nia
Hun
gary
Est
onia
Cze
ch R
epub
licC
ypru
sLu
xem
bou
rgLa
tvia
Slo
veni
aS
lova
kia
Ma
lta
GW
Onshore Offshore
0.1 0.0
3.4 WIND POWER GENERATION
In 2017 wind energy generated enough electricity to meet 11.6% of the EU-28’s total electricity demand7.
TABLE 3 Electricity production from wind power (TWh)
TOTAL EU ELECTRICITY
CONSUMPTION (TWh)
ONSHORE WIND ENERGY PRODUCTION
(TWh)
OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY PRODUCTION
(TWh)
TOTAL WIND ENERGY
PRODUCTION (TWh)
SHARE OF EU CONSUMPTION MET BY WIND
ENERGY
2,906 292 43 336 11.6%
Denmark was the EU country with the highest penetration rate (44%), followed by Portugal (24%) and Ireland (24%). Germany registered the highest increase from the previ-ous year, now covering over 20% of its annual demand. 10
out of the 28 Member States had a wind penetration rate of more than 10%.
22 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
A closer look at wind power installations
8. The figures represent the average of the penetration rates captured hourly from ENTSO-E and corrected thanks to national TSOs and BEIS data. All European countries data is not available.
FIGURE 14
Percentage of the average annual electricity demand covered by wind8
Source: WindEurope
0%
0%
0%
0%
0.1%
0.9%
1.6%
1.6%
1.8%
2.0%
3.7%
4.6%
4.8%
4.9%
5.2%
6.0%
8.3%
8.5%
8.5%
9.6%
10.5%
10.6%
12.2%
12.5%
13.5%
18.6%20.8%
24.0%
24.2%
44.4%
11.6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Montenegro
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Switzerland
Czech Republic
FYR Macedonia
Hungary
Latvia
Norway
Bulgaria
Cyprus
France
Finland
Italy
Belgium
Greece
Estonia
Poland
Netherlands
Lithuania
Austria
Romania
Sweden
United Kingdom
Spain
Germany
Ireland
Portugal
Denmark
EU-28
wind onshore wind offshore
23Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
A closer look at wind power installations
3.5 WIND TURBINES SIZE
The size and type of wind turbines installed in the EU in 2017 varied significantly between countries. The onshore wind turbines in Denmark and Finland had an average power rating of 3.4 MW. Spain had an average rating of less than 2 MW. The average onshore turbine size was 2.7 MW.
The offshore wind turbines in the UK and Germany had an average power rating of 6.0 and 5.6 MW respectively. By con-trast, all the turbines installed in Belgium belong to a project that started in 2009 and thus uses older turbine models (3.3 MW). In France, the relatively low rating (2 MW) is due to the type of project (demo floating wind turbine).
The differences observed in onshore wind turbine ratings in the different countries are due to three main factors:• regulatory restrictions on tip height• duration of projects and• wind speeds.
For offshore wind turbines, the main difference observed in sizes per country is due to:• the year of consent for specific projects, and • whether they are floating.
FIGURE 15Number of turbines installed in 2017 and their average power rating – Onshore
Source: WindEurope
FIGURE 16Number of turbines installed in 2017 and their average power rating – Offshore
Source: WindEurope
1,792
1,067714
164 153 136 111 100 63 63 50 11 500.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.0
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Germany
UK
France
Irela
nd
Finland
Greece
Belgium
Denmark
Sweden
Austria
Croatia
Czech
Republic
Romania
Number of turbines Average size (MW)
281
222
5017
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
UK Germany Belgium Finland France
Number of turbines installed Average Turbine size (MW)
24 Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
9. Figures include only new asset financing. Project refinancing and public markets are not included in the investment activity.
FIGURE 17New asset finance in wind energy 2010 – 20179
Source: WindEurope
INVESTMENT NUMBERS IN 2017
4.
8.1 6.5 6.7 7.2
12.3 13.1
9.3
14.8 8.4
6.1 5.0 7.2
8.8
13.1 18.2
7.5
8.9
6.3 5.8 6.7
10.0 9.7 10.3
11.5
0123456789101112
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
New
ca
pa
city
fin
anc
ed (G
W)
New
ass
ets
fina
nced
(€b
n)
Onshore Wind Offshore Wind New Capacity Financed
2017 was a record year for new capacity financed. In total, 11.5 GW worth of projects reached Final Investment Deci-sion (FID): 2.5 GW in offshore and 9 GW in onshore wind. This compares to 10.3 GW in FIDs in 2016.
However, in monetary terms investments were down by 19% to €22.3bn. This is due to lower offshore wind in-
vestments and cost reductions in the industry. While off-shore wind energy investments dropped by 60%, down to €7.5bn, onshore investments hit a record level of €14.8bn. Cost reductions across the industry’s value chain and increased industry competition have made it possible for investors to finance more capacity for less cash.
25Wind in power 2017 - Annual combined onshore and offshore wind energy statisticsWindEurope
Investment numbers in 2017
10. Figures include only new asset financing. Residential ownership is not included in new investment numbers.
FIGURE 19Clean energy investments in 2017 (€bn)10
Wind energy investments in 2017 were less geographical-ly concentrated than in 2016. The top three investor coun-tries owned only 64% of FID announcements in 2017. This compares to 73% in 2016. Investments in non-EU coun-tries have increased, with a total of €2.9bn, or 13% of the new announced FIDs.
Germany was the biggest investor in 2017. They generat-ed a total financing activity of €6.7bn for the construction of new onshore and offshore wind farms. This accounts for 30% of the total wind energy investments made in 2017. The UK came second to Germany with €5bn, or 22% of the total wind energy investments in 2017.
FIGURE 18 New asset financing in 2017 by country (€bn)
Source: WindEurope
6.7
5.0
2.6
1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6
1.5
Germany UK Sweden Russia France Spain Italy Greece Ireland Norway Serbia Others
52%OF RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENTS IN WIND ENERGY Wind energy
€22.3bn
Solar€10.9bn
Offshore€7.5bn
Onshore€14.8bn
Biofuels€6.5bn
Biomass€2.3bn
Others€0.7bn
Wind energy investments accounted for 52% of the new clean energy finance in 2017, compared to 86% in 2016.
Onshore wind projects alone generated 35% of the total investment activity in the renewable energy sector.
Source: WindEurope
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WindEurope is the voice of the wind industry, active-ly promoting wind power in Europe and worldwide. It has over 400 members with headquarters in more than 40 countries, including the leading wind turbine manufacturers, component suppliers, research insti-tutes, national wind energy associations, developers, contractors, electricity providers, financial institutions, insurance companies and consultants. This combined strength makes WindEurope Europe’s largest and most powerful wind energy network.
WindEurope 2018The global on & offshore conference
25 – 28 September,Hamburg
Join the Global Wind Summit
More than 500 leading experts discussing key issues in wind and the wider energy transition. That is the WindEurope 2018 conference. Be part of it and engage with the key players in business, policy, technology and fi nance.
Register now!
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