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WIND AND WATER POWER PROGRAM
Briefing to Blade Workshop Jacques Beaudry-LosiqueProgram ManagerWi d d W t P T h l i
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
1
Program Name or Ancillary Text eere.energy.gov
Wind and Water Power Technologies
July 20, 2010
Goals Alignment
Administration goals:Reduce carbon emissions 50% by 2030, 80% by 2050Reduce oil consumption 50% by 2030, 80% by 2050Sti l t j b d i th h RE d l tStimulate jobs and economic recovery through RE development
Department of Energy strategic goals: Support R&D efforts to reduce the costs of RE technologies and accelerate l l f b f l t i itlarge-scale use of carbon-free electricity sources
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy goals: Strengthen U.S. energy security, environmental quality, and economic g gy y q yvitality through public-private partnerships
Wind Program goals: Optimize growth and momentum of wind power deploymentOptimize growth and momentum of wind power deployment to meet the nation’s energy needs:
- Improve COE through Innovation & Reliability Improvements- Improve Integration- Address major barriers (radar environmental)
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov2
- Address major barriers (radar, environmental)- Launch offshore wind
1 GW of New Wind Yields…
Deployment of wind power yields substantial benefits in renewable electricity generation, carbon reduction, and jobs creation
1.8 M metric tons of carbon avoided annually
1.2 M tons of coal / 20.9 Bcf natural gas saved annually
3.2 M MWh of electricity generated annually
1000 construction jobs, 200 long-term
$3 M in land-lease payments, $7.2 M in property taxes
1.3 B gallons of water saved
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov3
operations & supply chain jobs
$7.2 M in property taxes annually
water saved annually
Source: NREL Jobs and Economic Development Impact (JEDI) model.
EERE Energy Mix Analysis
Possible Scenario of US Electricity Sources
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov4
• Wind is the predicted largest source of renewable electricity in 2030 and 2050, and is the lowest cost renewable resource!
Source: Baldwin analysis dated December 2009
Major Barriers
Addressing Barriers to Widespread Wind Deployment
NOAA, NWS
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov5
Source: Ed DeMeo, Co-Lead, 20% Wind Energy by 2030
Accelerating Widespread DeploymentI. Reduce Cost of Wind Energy
– Lower turbine capital costs– Increase energy capture– Improve reliability (lower O&M costs)
II. Address Grid Integration Barriers – Facilitate integration of wind energy into grid
Add t i i t i t– Address transmission access constraintsIII. Promote Market Adoption
– Mitigate wildlife, radar, and other siting barriers– Increase public acceptanceIncrease public acceptance– Promote workforce & supply chain development
IV. Facilitate Offshore Wind Development
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov6
FY11 Budget
120
140
Offshore Wind
Market Acceptance$122M
49.0 100
120p
Grid Interconnection
Technology Development
13.111.1
80
ng ($
mill
ions
)
$80M
19.721.0
40
60
Fund
in
4741.0 20
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov7
0FY2010 (approp.) FY2011 (request)
Land-based Wind COE Reduction
$0.090
($/kWh reductions)
0.08 $/kWh
$0.060
$0.070
$0.080 8%
4%3%
2% 1% 0.064 $/kWh
0.08 $/kWh
$0.030
$0.040
$0.050 18% reduction in COE
$-
$0.010
$0.020
2008 LCOE Rotor Cost & Reliability
Manufacturing & Learning Curve
Drivetrain Cost & Reliability
Increased Energy Capture Efficiency
Tower 2020 LCOE Target
FY10 Budget for COE reductions $15.1M $10.1M $3.9M $4.5M $2.9M Total:
$36.4M
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov8
Modeled cost of energy to reflect impact of DOE R&D; lower than actual market prices
Rotor Cost and Reliability
$0.080
$0.090 Rotor Cost &
ReliabilityChallenges
Increasing blade cost & weightBlade failures & reliability concerns
Wind project underperformance$0.007
$0.060
$0.070
$0.080
BenefitsIncreased turbine performance
Increased blade reliabilityInnovative products
$0.080 $0.040
$0.050
COE [$/kWh] Activities
Blade Reliability CollaborativeLarge blade structural testing
Developing “smart” blades (embedded sensors, active aerodynamic controls)
$0 010
$0.020
$0.030 , y )
Developing new airfoil geometriesIncorporating advanced materials
Aerodynamics & aeroacoustics analysisDeveloping “stealth” blades
Non-destructive inspection methodsLi h / i l d i
$‐
$0.010
2008 LCOE Rotor Cost &
R li bilit
Lighter/stronger materials and coatingsBlade wear/soiling prevention
PartnersOEM blade manufacturers
National laboratories
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov9
Reliability National laboratoriesNIST, supply chain NGOs
FAA
Manufacturing / Learning Curve
$0 080
$0.090 Manufacturing & Learning Curve
ChallengesCost of domestic manufacturing
Quality controlAvailability of materials
$0.004
$0.060
$0.070
$0.080
BenefitsImproved component quality
Decreased turbine costsInnovative products and processes
$0.080 $0.040
$0.050
COE [$/kWh] Activities
Advanced Manufacturing Initiative Composite manufacturer project
Fabrication automation R&DNon-destructive inspection methods
$0 010
$0.020
$0.030 Non destructive inspection methods
Integrated advanced design/manufacturingManufacturing components R&D Manufacturing processes R&D
Critical Materials Initiative
$‐
$0.010
2009 LCOE
PartnersDOC Manufacturing Extension ProgramDOE Industrial Technologies ProgramNational/Regional/State supply chain
facilitation programsTurbine & component OEMs
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov10
Turbine & component OEMsUniversities, national laboratories
Drivetrain Cost & Reliability
$0 080
$0.090 Drivetrain Cost &
ReliabilityChallenges
Drivetrain / gearbox failures (high O&M, replacement costs)
Potential for efficiency improvements
$0.003
$0.060
$0.070
$0.080 Benefits
Increased turbine reliabilityIncreased capacity factors
Innovative products
$0.080 $0.040
$0.050
$0.060
COE [$/kWh]
ActivitiesGearbox Reliability CollaborativeLarge Drivetrain Testing Facility
Dynamometer performance testingDirect-drive, permanent-magnet R&D
$0.020
$0.030
C , p gComponent failure analysisCREW reliability database
Lubricant R&D Drivetrain condition health monitoring
Wear prevention R&DM i l (hi h ) i i i
$‐
$0.010
2009 LCOE Drivetrain
Materials (high wear) investigationField loads measurement campaign
PartnersOEM drivetrain & component
manufacturers
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov11
2009 LCOE Drivetrain Cost &
Reliability
manufacturersUniversities
National laboratories
Offshore Wind COE Reduction
$0 01$0.16
$0.18 ($/kWh reductions)
8%4%
3%
0.16 $/kWh
$0.01
$0.01 $0.01
$0.00 $0.00
$0.12
$0.14 3% 2% 1% 0.13 $/kWh
$0.16
$0.13 $0 06
$0.08
$0.10 18% reduction in COE
$0.02
$0.04
$0.06
$-2009 LCOE Balance of Station
Cost Rotor Cost and
ReliabilityDrivetrain Cost and
ReliabilityIncreased Energy Capture Efficiency
Tower 2020 Offshore LCOE Target
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov12
FY11 Proposed Offshore Wind Budget Total $49M
Offshore R&D Opportunities
ChallengesHigh capital costs
MarinizationFoundations & infrastructure
0.16
0.18
Installation & staging facilitiesReliability & maintenance
BenefitsLower capital costs
Innovative turbines & foundations
0.03
0.12
0.14
Innovative turbines & foundations Reduced need for maintenance
ActivitiesLarge component test facilities
Design codes & tools development0.160.08
0.1
CO
E ($
/kW
h)
es g codes & too s de e op e tFoundations & platforms R&D
Innovative turbine designsCertification & standards
Marine grid interconnection R&DResource & design condition characterizations
0 04
0.06
C
PartnersNational laboratories
Federal agencies: MMS, NOAA, NCAR, FWS, DOD, DHS, ACOE
Turbine OEMs
0.02
0.04
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov13
Turbine OEMsUniversities (U of Maine, U Delaware)
State agencies
02009 LCOE
COE reductions
Transmission & Integration
• Challenges– Integration of variable wind energy into electrical grid– No transmission access at high-quality wind resourcesNo transmission access at high quality wind resources
• Benefits– Safe & reliable integration of wind energy– Improved consideration of wind energy in transmission planning
• Activities• Activities– Improving wind forecasting techniques to improve integration– Developing wind generator & power plant models for grid operators’ use– Improving wind resource characterization
Developing grid operations methods & strategies– Developing grid operations methods & strategies– Large-scale high wind penetration studies (EWITS, WWSIS)– Informing transmission planning efforts
• PartnersDOE l d Offi f El t i it (OE)– DOE lead: Office of Electricity (OE)
– Electricity sector: utilities, public power entities, RTOs/ISOs– Federal agencies: NOAA, National Weather Service, FAA, FERC, BPA, WAPA– National laboratories
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov14
Project Siting
• Challenges– Radar interference– Potential wildlife effects (NEPA MBTA etc)Potential wildlife effects (NEPA, MBTA, etc)– Social acceptance barriers
• Benefits– Reducing time and cost of siting / permitting new projects
I i f il bl f d l t– Increase size of resource available for development• Activities
– Engagement with federal radar agencies (FAA, DOD, DHS)– Wind-wildlife impact and mitigation studiesp g– Studies on potential human impacts (property values, etc)– Collaborative engagement with stakeholders
• PartnersDOI (FWS BLM MMS BIA NPS)– DOI (FWS, BLM, MMS, BIA, NPS)
– Radar agencies (FAA, DOD, DHS)– State and local governments– Environmental orgs.
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov15
Recovery Act projects
• Large Drivetrain Testing Facility, $45M– Clemson University, Charlestown, SC– Awarded on December 30, 2009,– Ground breaking scheduled for building shell upgrades Q2 2011
• Large Blade Test Facility, $25M– Massachusetts Clean Energy Center, Boston, MA
G db ki D 1 t 2009– Groundbreaking ceremony on Dec 1st, 2009– Commissioning target: September 2011
• University-Industry Wind R&D Consortia, $24M– Awardees: Illinois Institute of Technology; U-Minnesota; U-Maine– Awards made on Jan. 15, 2010
• Wind Technology Partnerships, $14M– 27 awardees receiving funding
All awards made by Jan 31 2010– All awards made by Jan. 31, 2010– Technology R&D, manufacturing projects, transmission & integration
• NWTC Dynamometer and electrical upgrade, $10M– National Wind Test Center
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov16
– Awarded September 1, 2009– Design work underway, ground breaking scheduled for June 2011
Collaboration
National Laboratories Federal Agencies University Partnerships IndustryNational Renewable Energy Laboratory
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
National Marine Renewable Energy Centers
MOU on collaboration with 6 major wind turbine manufacturers
Sandia National Laboratories Mineral Managements Service (U Hawaii U GE: helped develop 1 5MW turbine; mostSandia National Laboratories Mineral Managements Service (U-Hawaii, U-Washington, OregonState University)
GE: helped develop 1.5MW turbine; most widely-installed design in U.S.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
National Park Service Large Blade Test Facilities in Massachusetts, Texas
Clipper: helped develop innovative 2.5MW Liberty turbine
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(U-Mass. Amherst,MIT)
Gearbox Reliability Collaborative to improve wind turbine reliability
Idaho National Laboratory U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service University research consortia: U-Maine, U-Minnesota, Illinois Institute of Technology
Verdant Power: tidal current turbine improvements
Technology
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
20% Wind FOA: multiple university partners
TPI Composites: manufacturing process improvements
Lawrence LivermoreNational Laboratory
Army Corps of Engineers Wind for Schools: multiple university partners
EPRI: fish-friendly turbine designNational Laboratory partners
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Department of Defense Advanced Water Power FOA: multiple university partners
Pacific Energy Ventures: siting protocols for marine energy projects
Argonne National Laboratory Federal Aviation Administration Multiple FOA award winners for wind,
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov17
water topics
Questions?
Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov18