Wimax-Huawei

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

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www.huawei.com

WiMAX Overview

CDMA Team

In Wireless Network General Engineer's Office

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2Huawei Confidential

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WiMAX is a broadband radio access

technology based on the IEEE 802.16

protocol. To apply this technology, you need

to be familiar with the basic concepts and

technology benefits of WiMAX.

This document describes the basic concepts,

application scenarios, and network structure

of WiMAX.





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After learning this document, you will be

capable of:

Being familiar with the basic concepts

and associated protocols of WiMAX

Being familiar with the application

scenarios and technology benefits of

WiMAX

Being familiar with the network

structure of WiMAX





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Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of WiMAXChapter 1 Basic Concepts of WiMAX

Chapter 2 Application Scenarios of

WiMAX

Chapter 3 Network Structure of

WiMAX





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Development of Radio Communication

2G 2.5G 3G





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Development Background of WiMAX

5

60

120

(Km/h)

BWA (WiMAX 802.16d, 802.16e)

(GSM, UMTS, CDMA, HSDPA)

Data Rate





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Basic Concepts of WiMAX

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

IEEE 802.15 – Bluetooth

WAN

MAN

LAN

PAN ETSI HiperPAN

IEEE 802.11 – Wireless LAN

ETSI HiperLAN

IEEE 802.16-Wireless MAN

ETSI HiperMAN & HiperAccess

IEEE 802.20(proposed)

3GPP,3GPP2

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)Access (WiMAX)

WiMAX based on the IEEE802.16 protocol is a broadband wireless technology applied to the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN).

It complies with the "Broadband + Wireless" trend. WiMAX features the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex Access (OFDMA), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), and other advanced technologies to maintain its broadband advantage.

It is called "3.5G" or "4G" technology. In October of 2007, it becomes the fourth standard of 3G technology.





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Protocols

WiMAX is based on the 802.16 protocol that has two

standards:

802.16dFixed broadband radio access standard

It specifies the air interface layer between the fixed

access terminals and the BTS.

802.16eMobile broadband radio access standard

It supports the mobile station.

It supports both the fixed broadband radio access

system and mobile broadband radio access system.





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Technical Specifications of WiMAXTechnical

Specification 802.16d 802.16e

Bandwidth (MHz) 1.75-20 1.25-20

Frequency (GHz) 2-11 2-6

Mobility Fixed or roaming Middle-rate mobile station (<120 km/h)

Transmission technology

Multi-carrier, OFDM Multi-carrier, OFDMA

Multiple access OFDMA

Spectrum assignment unit

Sub-channel

Duplex mode TDD,FDD

Peak rate (Mbit/s) 75 Mbps (20 MHz) 15 Mbps (5 MHz) , 30 MHbps (10 MHz)

Modulation mode DL:BPSK,QPSK,16QAM,64QAM ;UL:BPSK,QPSK,16QAM

Inter-cell handovers No Yes

Enhanced technology Intelligent antenna, MIMO, HARQ, AMC

Access control The BS periodically allocates bandwidths to the MS and provides opportunities for periodic unicast polling. The MSs access the network based on the priority.

QoS Supporting five QoS class standards, including UGS, ERtPS, RtPS, NrtPS, and BE

Battery saving mode No Supporting idle and sleep modes





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Technical Benefits of WiMAX

Advanced technical functionsIt incorporates multiple technologies, including OFDMA, MIMO, AMC, and HARQ.

Wide coverage and high throughputThe maximum coverage distance of a BS is 50 km. The typical coverage distance is six km to ten km. The maximum throughput of each sector is 75 Mbit/s.

Easy to expandIt is easy to add new sectors.It is easy to plan the channel bandwidth.

Low risks of overhead and investment

Broadband access





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Global Spectrum Distribution of WiMAX

2.3 ,2.5 ,3.5GHz2.3 ,2.5 ,3.7

GHz

2.5 ,3.5GHz

2.5 ,3.5GHz

3.5GHz

2.3 ,2.5 ,3.5

GHz

2.3 ,2.5,3.3,

3.5GHz

2.3G 2.3 － 2.4 GHz

2.5G 2.496 － 2.690 GHz

3.5G 3.4 － 3.6 GHz

Primary frequency bands:





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Comparison Analysis of WiMAX/EV-DO/HSDPA

Technology WiMAX 1x EV-DO HSDPA

Standard IEEE 802.16e CDMA-2000 WCDMA/UMTS

Throughput 30 Mbit/s(10MHzbandwidth)

2.4 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s (HSDPA supports more than10 Mbit/s throughput.)

Coverage range

Typical: 6 km to10 km Typical: 2 km to 5 km Typical: 2 km to 5 km

Frequency 2 GHz to 6 GHz 400 MHz, 800 MHz, 700 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 2100 MHz

900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 2100 MHz

Bandwidth 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz 1.25 MHz 5 MHz

Core technology of the physical layer

OFDMA, MIMO/AAS, AMC CDMA, AMC CDMA, AMC

Duplex mode TDD FDD FDD

Mobility Low speed(<120km/h) High speed High speed





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IEEE 802.16 Working Group

IEEE 802.16 Working Group

In 1999, the IEEE working group is set up, which studies the

broadband radio access technology standard. The aim of this

group is to establish a global broadband radio access standard.

This group sets down the broadband access system standards,

including the air interface standards and associated standards.

At the beginning of 2003, this group issues the 802.16a

standard that defines the 2 GHz to 11 GHz NLOS fixed access

system.

On October 1 of 2004, this group issues the 802.16d fixed

access standard. In the end of 2005, this group issues the 802.16e standard.

Now, the 802.16e Release3 has been issued.





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WiMAX Forum

In April of 2001, the WiMAX forum is set up. This forum participates in

authenticating the standardization and interoperability of the broadband

radio access products based on IEEE 802.16 and ETSI HiperMAN.

This forum is organized by many radio communication equipment suppliers,

component suppliers, operators, which is a nonprofit organization.

In November of 2004, the Network Working Group (NWG) is set up, which

participates in setting downing the network standards for the IEEE 802.16d

and IEEE 802.16e.





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Structure of WiMAX Forum

The WiMAX forum is set up for the purpose of push and accelerate the process of commercialization of the high-quality broadband radio service.





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Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of

WiMAX

Chapter 2 Application Scenarios of Chapter 2 Application Scenarios of

WiMAXWiMAX

Chapter 3 Network Structure of

WiMAX





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NomadicFixed Simple Mobility

Full-rate Mobility

Application Scenarios of WiMAX

Portable

Fixed(16d/16e)

Nomadic(16e)

Portable(16e)

Simple Mobility（ 16e)

Full-rate Mobility （ 16e)

Application

Application in buildings,application in the high-level residences

Family indoor access,terminal access(It does not support handovers.)

Family outdoor access,Mobile terminal access(It supports handovers.)

Medium-rate terminal access

high-rate terminal access

Terminal CPE PCMCIA, USB module

PCMCIA, USB module, embedded portable terminal

PDA , mobile terminal

Mobility No No > 5 km/h > 60 km/h >120 km/h





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QoS-Based Services

Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) – VoIP (without silence suppression)

Extended Real-time Polling Service (ertPS) – VoIP with silence

suppression

Real-time Polling Service (rtPS) – MPEG video

Non-real-time Polling Service (nrtPS) – FTP service

Best Effort (BE) – network browse, e-mail





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Development of the WiMAX Product

Equipment supplier BWA manufacturer Chip manufacturerterminal

manufacturer





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Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of

WiMAX

Chapter 2 Application Scenarios of

WiMAX

Chapter 3 Network Structure of Chapter 3 Network Structure of

WiMAXWiMAX





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End-to-End Network Structure of WiMAX





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Network Elements of WiMAX MSS - Mobile Subscriber Station　 ASN - Access Service Network

The ASN consists of the base station (BS) and the Access Service Network-

Gateway (ASN-GW). The ASN manages the IEEE 802.16e air interface and

enables the MS to access multiple CSNs.

CSN - Connect Service Network

The CSN is connected to the Internet, ASP, PLMN, and other networks. It

provides Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA), roaming

between different (Network Service Providers) NSPs, IP address management,

location management, mobility management, connection for multiple

services, policy management, and QoS management.

NAP- Network Access Provider

NSP- Network Service Provider





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WiMAX NWG-ASN Profile A

ASN-GWBS

R2

•RRA•Auth. Relay•Key Receiver

•HO •Authenticator•RRC•Key Distribute•PC

•Centralized ASN model •Semi-Flat Architecture•HO and RRC are at GW•Profile A with standard

R1,R2 ,R3,R4

CSNASN

R1

AirInterface

BS

BS

ASN-GW

ASN-GWHA AAA

R6 R3

R4

Internet


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WiMAX NWG-ASN Profile B

•Distributed ASN solution;•Flat Architecture;•BS and ASN-GW function is embedded in BS;•Profile B with standard R1, R2, R3, R4;

•HO•PA•RRA+RRC•Key Receiver + Distribute

•AAA Client •DHCP Proxy•Authenticator•PC

Combined BS+ASN-GW

Internet

R2

R1

AirInterface

BS+ASN-GW

BS+ASN-GWHA AAA

R3

R4

CSNASN


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WiMAX NWG-ASN Profile CCSNASN

ASN-GWBS

•HO•RRA+RRC•Auth. Relay•Key Receiver

•Authenticator•Key Distribute•PC

•AAA Client •DHCP Proxy•MIP FA

•Centralized ASN model;•Semi-Flat Architecture;•HO and RRC are at BS;•Profile C with standard R1,R2 ,R3,R4,R6;

Internet

R2

R1

AirInterface

BS

BS

ASN-GW

ASN-GWHA AAA

R6

R3

R4





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Interface Introduction

Interface

Description

R1 R1 interface between the MS and the ASN as the air interface specification for (PHY and MAC)

R2 R2 is the interface between the MS and the CSN associated with Authentication, Service Authorization, IP Host configuration management, and mobility management. R2 is a logical interface and does not reflect a direct protocol interface between the MS and CSN.

R3 R3 is the interface between the ASN and CSN to support AAA, policy enforcement and mobility management capabilities. In addition, R3 encompasses the bearer plane methods (e.g., tunneling) to transfer IP data between the ASN and the CSN.





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Interface Introduction

Interface

Description

R4 R4 consists of a set of control and bearer plane protocols originating and terminating in various entities within the ASN that coordinate MS mobility between ASNs.

R5 R5 consist of a set of control plane and bearer plane protocols for interworking between CSNs

R6 R6 provides the communication between the BS and the ASN GW which provides a set of control and bearer plane protocols.

R8 R8 is a set of control plane message flows and in some causes, bearer plane data flows between the BS to ensure fast seamless handover.





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Networking Features of WiMAX

Independent networking

Hybrid networking with 2G/3G

Easy to construct the network

Low cost





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Networking Solution of WiMAX

MSS

ASN

CSN

ASN-RANBS ： BBU BBU3703 RRU RRU3701CFunctions: The BS receives and transmits radio signals and thus enables the communication between the WiMAX network and the MS.

ASN-GW WASN9770

Functions: The ASN-GW forwards packet data, and provides access control, QoS management, traffic management, and accounting management.

Internet

IMS/NGN

Home AgentPolicy Decision Function

AAA

iManager M2000

WASN9770

BTS3706

WASN9770

BTS3706

RRU3701C

BBU3703

RRU3701C

BBU3703

PCMCIA HandsetFixed Access

PSTN

ASN

CSN





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BTS3703Specification Distributed BTS Profile A Channel Bandwidth: 5 MHz or 10 MHz Frequency: 2.3 G, 2.5 G, or 3.5 G MIMO: 2 x 1 Transmit power: 10 W/20 W (3.5 G or 2.5 G) Weight

BBU: 5 kgRRU: 22 kg or 15 kg

Dimensions (width x depth x height) (mm)BBU: 436 x 300 x 42RRU: 430 x 176 x 571(with rack) 350 x 125 x 440(without rack)

Capacity (single cell):Number of BTSs: 1 to 3Throughput: 30 Mbit/s (10 MHz)

15 Mbit/s (5 MHz) Service port: FE/GE





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DBS3900 WiMAXSpecificationCompatible with RRU3701C.Distributed BTS, and based on HERT platform. Profile C Channel Bandwidth: 5 MHz,10 MHz, 7MHz Frequency: 2.3 G, 2.5 G, or 3.5 G MIMO: 2 x 2 Weight

BBU: <=11 kg with full configuration

Dimensions (width x depth x height) (mm)

BBU: 442 x 310 x 86 Supports six RRU at most with configuration S222.





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pBTS3701

SpecificationChannel Bandwidth: 5 MHz,10 MHz Frequency: 2.5 G MIMO: 2 x 2 Weight <=2.5 kg Dimensions (width x depth x height) (mm)

230 x 165 x 65.2Capacity (single cell)

DL: 28MbpsUL: 7Mbps





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WASN9770

N68-22service cabinet, dimensions: 2200 mm x 600 mm x 800 mm

Components: WASN rack (mandatory) Power distribution box

(mandatory) LAN switch (optional) Fire wall (optional)

In the case of dual-plane networking, both the LAN switch and firewall can be used.

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