WHOLE How to Overcome Barriers in Communication

8/2/2019 WHOLE How to Overcome Barriers in Communication

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Click to edit Master subtitle style

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Communication And its barriers

Adam R, Jay W, Andy W, Jay S, HannahT, Hannah S, Louise W, Louise W, Andy

S, Kelly W, Caroline H.


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EnvironmentalBarriers to

communication


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Environmental barriers tocommunication

Noise

Lighting

BystandersPearsons 2010 & Gregory&Ward2010


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The DoH (2010) state that environment must be

appropriate to encourage effectivecommunication


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How to overcome thebarrier

Increase/ decrease lighting as appropriate

Background noise reduced or move thepatient

Bystanders asked to move onDoH (2010)


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4/14/12Communication With Children & Overcoming

Communication Barriers


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Most Likely Barriers to Overcome WithChildren

Age

Language

Selective / Elective MuteDisability

Social Issues


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Overcoming These Potential Barriers

IDENTIFY THEBARRIER TOOVERCOME IT!

Use The Parent Find a Common

Ground

Use All YourCommunicationSkills Verbal & Nonverbal


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Barriers when treating with theelderly

There are many potential barriers when communicating with theelderly, some of these barriers may include:

Poor hearing or sight

Social isolation

Memory loss problems Processing information

Bereavements

Loss of cognitive and physical function

Depression

Poor mobility

Confusion


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Further Research

Surveys has shown that a majorityemergency health care workers do notfeel comfortable treating the elderly andsay that elderly people are time

consuming, difficult to evaluate, unable tounderstand or learn the circumstancethey are in and senile, additionally manyprofessionals say that becoming old is aunfortunate state of physical andcognitive function, this view often leadsto focusing on the disease rather thanprevention (Wykle & Gueldner 2011).


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Further research cont.

Depression is often missed and untreated inolder people and the rate for suicide is higherin the elderly than any other age group.

When dealing with the elderly in the pre-hospital setting paramedics are often treatingchronic conditions more often than acuteconditions (Caroline et al 2010).


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Overcoming the Barriers

Approach with respect and dignity

Pilot and attentive attitude to patients concerns

Formal approach and direct eye contact

Treat them as individuals not just as elderly patientsDont make assumptions about their health because

of their age

Be patient for a response when asking questions

(Macdonald2004)


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Physical Disabilities


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Most disabilities are not cause by freakaccidents!

Certain impairments that may cause physicaldisability are:

Loss of limbs

Multiple Sclerosis

Heart disease

Downs syndrome

Cancer

Diabetes

Arthritis


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Speech and Language Impairment

Speech disorder- when a person is unable toproduce correct speech soundsExamples:

Difficulties pronouncing words

Articulation disorders

Stuttering

(American Speech-Language Association2012)


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How to overcome this barrier

Speech and language therapist.

Speech exercises tailored to the problem.

The facts: around 2.5 million people in the UKhave a speech or language difficulty.

30% of stroke sufferers have a persistingspeech and language disorder.

(Council for Disability Awareness 2010)


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Visual Impairment

Visual impairment is the acceptable genericterm that refers to all levels of vision loss.

Vision loss can make it difficult or impossible

for a person to do some things.

(Hardy et al 2007)


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Braille

the remarkable system of dots invented nearly200 years ago by Louis Braille

(Royal National Institute

for Blind People 2011)


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Hearing Impairments

Hearing impairment is any degree ofreduction of the ability to apprehend sound.

(McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of ModernMedicine 2002) by The McGraw-HillCompanies, Inc.


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Makaton -this is a language

programme where speech is usedalongsidegestures/signs/symbols/pictures.http://www.makaton.org/

There is an electronic device thatturns speech into writing... this iscalled the Minicom (a service

available for service users who aredeaf hard of hearin . Also the
http://www.makaton.org/http://www.makaton.org/


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In pairs... Spell the word paramedic


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If you're a caregiver, try to remember thatalthough your loved one may appear

uninterested in communicating, it could be thatthe disease has simply made him or her

incapable of showing a desire to communicate.That is why it's crucial to always strive for

meaningful communication with your loved oneat every stage of the disease.


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Mental Heath


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One in four adults experience mental illness atsome point during their lifetime and one in sixexperience symptoms at any one time.

It is often easier to see the obvious sings ofphysical health and illness than may be apparentfor mental health and mental illness.

Just as the absence of obvious physical illness orinjury is only a foundation for physical health, theabsence of symptoms of clear mental illness is onlya foundation for understanding the concept ofmental health.


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A complete state of physical, mental, and socialwell being and not merely the absence of disease

or infirmity.Most of us suffer no clearly diagnosed mental

illness, but may often live and experience life inways that are well below our potential for

productivity and contentment. Physical Impacts

Mental Impacts

World Health Organisation Mental

Barriers to communicating with people with Mental


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Barriers to communicating with people with MentalHealth problems

Many people suffering with mental health problems haveno visible disability and this can lead to difficulties incommunicating effectively. Failing to recognise suchbarriers can result in messages being misunderstood andcommunication breakdown (Open University 2006).Because mental health conditions are sometimes notobvious, sufferers can find themselves the victim's of

discrimination.

Batty (2004) published an article on the discrimatorybehaviours of businesses against people with mentalhealth problems. These behaviours varied from:

Employers forcing employees to sign contracts withclauses relating to their mental health; Insurancecompanies not paying out for mental health relatedillnesses and companies persuading customers with severemental health problems to sign up for services they do notneed or have the use of.

Lupton2000

It could be argued that the discrimination is due barriers orunwillingness to be educated about the causes or reasons

for someone having a disorder.

Lupton(2000)


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Mangal and Mangal (2009) found that there many differentfactors effecting communication with people with mentalhealth problems. To ensure that the message is

understood and conveyed correctly there are severalfactors that must be addressed. They also believed thatutilising different types of communication such as use oftouch and eye contact must be employed. The followingbarriers could result in communication breakdown:

Prejudices and how people with mental health problemsfeel they are seen.

Non-attention and ignorance to personal feelings,thoughts and wishes.

Feelings of insecurity and isolation which can in turn leadto anxiety and depression.


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How to overcome barriers incommunication

MentalHealth

H t b i i


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How to overcome barriers incommunication

HPC 1a.1 understand the need to act in the bestinterests of service users at all times

1b.3 be able to demonstrate effective and

appropriate skillsin communicating information, advice, instructionand professional opinion to colleagues, service users,their relatives and carers.

(HPC

ITS A

REQUIREMENT!


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What can you do?

Respect

(Shives

Dont argue/contradict thepatient

LISTEN!

SetLimitsBe aware ofsymptoms

AppropriatelyTouch

Be aware of spatial

elements

Not a HotPotato

Never Assume

Use other resources AgedependantNever

Judge/discriminate

Community Resources


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Religion and communication

oThe nature ofparamedicsworks meansthat meetingpeople from

culturesdifferent fromour own is anevery dayoccurrence.

o As theprofessionalit is our

responsibilityto consider

o We will be looking

into the religiousbeliefs of Islamand Hinduism.

o Whatconsiderationsmust we thinkabout when

dealing withpeople fromdifferent religionsand cultures?


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Hinduism

Some things to consider:

It is important to use a persons title such asMr, Miss or Mrs.

For slightly older people use Sir or Maam.

Standing tall with your hands on your hips isseen as aggressive.

Touching of the opposite sex in public is to beavoided.

The left hand is seen as unclean and thereforeavoid using it.(A to Z Manner and Etiquette 2004)

Islam


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Customs to note

Individuals following the faith of Islam may avoid the shakingof hands with a person of the opposite sex (KwintessentialLtd). In the aspect of communication what issues could yousee arising from this?

Fasting is a practice adopted during the month of Ramadan, it

requires fasting of food and drink (nothing must pass the lips)between sunrise and sunset(Kwintessential Ltd). In pre-hospital care this could have possible implications totreatment and also to communication, what could be some ofthese implications?

Islam

Q&A


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Q&A

It is said that before entering a Hindu homeyou should remove all footwear. Within a

paramedic setting do you think it isappropriate and practical to do this?

Are we always able to get away with not usingthe left hand? What can we do to try and

combat this?

Is it our responsibility to try and conveyformalities in our patients native tongue?

Can we avoid the touching of the opposite sexall the time in the pre-hospital environment?

What could be done to help this?(A to Z Manner and Etiquette2004)


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References

Kwintessential Ltd (no date noted) Islam in the Workplace -suggested practice for HR personnel.http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/cultural-services/articles/islam-in-the-workplace.html

R f


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References

A to Z of manners and etiquette (2004) http://www.a-to-z-of-manners-and-etiquette.com/aboutus.ht

[31/01/2012]
http://www.a-to-z-of-manners-and-etiquette.com/aboutus.htmlhttp://www.a-to-z-of-manners-and-etiquette.com/aboutus.htmlhttp://www.a-to-z-of-manners-and-etiquette.com/aboutus.htmlhttp://www.a-to-z-of-manners-and-etiquette.com/aboutus.htmlhttp://www.a-to-z-of-manners-and-etiquette.com/aboutus.htmlhttp://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/@ps/documents/digitalasset/dh_119973.pdf


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Reference list

Department of Health (2010) Essence of Care Benchmarksfor Communication.http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/d

h_digitalassets/@dh/@en/@ps/documents/digitalasset/dh_11997

3.pdf [24/01/2012]

https://www.pearsonschoolsandfecolleges.co.uk/FEAndVocational/HealthAnd

Gregory P & Ward A (2010) Sanders Paramedic Textbook.Elsevier, China

Images

http://www.oxstyle.com/2011/05/noise-pollution.html

http://www.lightingtoronto.net/

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References

Equality Act (2010) Disability and the EqualityAct 2010http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/DisabledPeople/RightsAndObligations/DisabilityRights/DG_4001

068 [15th February 2012]Disabled World (2010) Definition of Disabilities

http://www.disabled world.com /disability/

types/[15th February 2012]Carol Banks (ND) Mobility Impairments

http://library.thinkquest.org/11799/data/mobility.html [8th February 2012]

Medicine Plus (2011) Mobility Aids
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Refereneces

Health Professions Council (2007) Standardsof Proficiency. London. HPC

Shives L.R (2008) Basic Concepts, Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing. 7th Edition.Philidelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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Reference list

Macdonald E Edited (2004) DifficultConversations in Medicine. Oxford,Oxford University Press

Caroline N, Macdonald RD & Burgess RJ(2010) Emergency Care in the Streets6th Edition. London, John & BartlettPublishers

Wykle M & Gueldner S.H (2011) AgeingWell: Gerontological Education forNurses and other Health Professionals.London, John &Bartlett Publishers

References:
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e e e ces

Batty D (2004) The Guardian: People with mental illnessface widespread discrimination. Online version,

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2004/apr/28/equality.mentalhealth [6th February 2012]

Lupton D (2000) Mental Health 2: Fear.http://www.crippencartoons.co.uk/cartoons/mentalhealth/mental02.shtml [7th February 2012]

Mengal S and Mengal U (2009) Essentials ofcommunication. New Dehli. Asoke Publishers.

Open University (2006) Recognising barriers: Mental healthdifficulties.http://www.open.ac.uk/inclusiveteaching/pages/inclusive-teaching/recognising-barriers-mental-health-difficulties.php[6 h b 0 ]
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Documents

WHOLE How to Overcome Barriers in Communication