What should be on your Cheat Sheet.

Pre-writing techniques

Brainstorm Cluster Outline Freewrite

types of essays/paragraphsKnow the types and how to do them.

You will have 1 paragraph to write

Illustration Narration Description Process Analysis (giving directions)

Vocabulary (Commonly confused words) What are the MOST COMMON words

on the list?

There, Their, They’re Too, two, To

Identify Sentence vs Fragment To be a sentence it needs:

Subject (who/what is doing the action) Verb (the action) A complete thought.

Watch out for those prepositional phrases! Prepositional phrases can NEVER have the

subject or the verb!

Run-ons (Pg 145) Run-ons are independent clauses that

have been combined incorrectly. There are several types:

The AND run-on (1 and per sentence!) The Fused run-on The comma splice

We will be going into detail on each one

The and run on (pg 146)

The AND run-on: two or more relatively long independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction without any punctuation.

I met Charlyce in a yoga class a the YWCA

and we liked each other immediately and we soon became friends and we often hang out at each other’s houses.

The Fused run on (pg 146) The Fused run-on : two or more

independent clauses run together without any punctuation.

I met Charlyce in a yoga class at the YWCA we soon became friends.

Parts of Speech – particularly thePreposition (pg 41!!!!!)

Pg 41 Video -

http://ttosspon.wikispaces.com/Grammar+Rocks%21#Prepositions

Over the rainbow.

The person/thing doing the action

Commands and Requests

In 'commands' and 'requests' the subject is usually not stated. The predicate is the entire sentence. The pronoun 'you' is understood to be the subject. Examples are: Listen! Please see me. Be careful.

[You][You][You]

Questions Questions frequently begin with a verb or a

helping verb or the words 'who, whom, what, when, where, why,or how.' examples are: Did he reply? Have you read Nikki Giovanni's

poetry? What do they sing?

In these cases, the subject generally follows the verb or helping verb.

To find the subject of a question, rearrange the words to form a statement.

Example: He did reply. You have read Nikki Giovanni's poetry. They do sing.

Verb Verb

Verb

Inverted Sentence Order

A sentence written in 'inverted order', in which the predicate comes before the subject, serves to add emphasis to the subject.

Examples are: Under the moonlight sat the old cypress tree. Above the forest circled three hawks.

Verb

Verb

Here and There

The word 'there' or 'here is' is never the subject.

When the word 'there' or 'here' begins a sentence and is followed by a form of the verb 'to be', the subject follows the verb.

Example: Here 'areare' (P) the 'quilts' (S)from my grandma.

Rephrase it!The quilts areare from my grandmother.

Prepositional Phrases

Remember, a word in a prepositional phrase is never the subject.

Prepositions are words that tell where or what kind. Word list on pg 41:

About Behind Except Onto Toward

Above Below For Out Under

Across Beneath From Outside Underneath

After Beside In Over Unlike