What is the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of R404a Global... · • Many F-gases have high Global Warming Potential (GWP). • Carbon Dioxide has a designated GWP of 1 (Base Reference)

NACC Scottish Training Seminar 24/06/15

What is the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of R404a

refrigerant?


It’s All About Sustainability


MANDATORY ENERGY LABELLING FROM 1ST JULY 2016

&

F-GAS REGULATIONS 2015 - THE CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS



A joint European wide energy labelling scheme for professional refrigerators and freezers is on the way. It is based on a new EU ECO-design requirement which sets Minimum Energy Performance standards for commercial refrigeration cabinets sold within the EU. In practice this will mean that all products which consume energy above the minimum level will not be able to be sold within the EU from 1st July 2016. The new requirements of ECO-design, which are designed to drive energy efficiency and environmentally friendly design, will apply to all manufacturers and importers who sell and market products within the EU.



The labelling scheme will be mandatory across Europe, and is based on a letter-based rating A to G, where A denotes the most energy saving products. To further improve energy efficiency the energy thresholds will be tightened at yearly intervals. This means that class A+ will be introduced on 1ST January 2018 and A++ on 1ST July 2019. This will make understanding energy efficiency much simpler for consumers and will accelerate the growing shift in the market toward sourcing more energy efficient products.




UNTIL THE ECODESIGN LABELLING TAKES EFFECT DO NOT BE MISLED People purchasing or working with professional appliances like a fridge often get confused about the energy efficiency of a product. For good reason ! The following table describes three test methods commonly used and referred to by manufacturers. The test method determined by the ECO-design labelling scheme is mandatory to follow for all manufacturers of refrigerators and freezers by 1ST July 2016.



F-GAS REGULATIONS 2015 – THE CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS

WHY HAVE F-GAS REGULATIONS? • To reduce the effects of GHG`s on the earths atmosphere • By reduction in leaks and banning deliberate release to atmosphere • By training and creating register of users for control


F-GAS REGULATIONS 2015 – THE CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS

WHY THE NEW CHANGES?

• Many F-gases have high Global Warming Potential (GWP).

• Carbon Dioxide has a designated GWP of 1 (Base Reference).

• Many Fluorinated gases have GWP`s much more potent

• The GWP of R404a is

• The regulations are designed to reduce drastically the potential overall effects of F-gases in the atmosphere by 2030


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Global Warming Potential

R134a R404a R407a R410a R290 R600 R1234yf R717 R744

HOW WILL THE CHANGES WORK

GWP


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

Phase down of HFC`s with >2500 GWP

HFC within Quota HFC`s in pre-charged imports

TIME SCALES


EFFECTS ON THE SERVICE INDUSTRY

Leak Checking / Records

• Equipment with less than 3kg of F-Gas requires no record keeping. This changes to <5 tonnes CO2 equivalent in 2017 for R404a less than 1.27kg

• Equipment containing >5 tonnes CO2e to 50 tonnes CO2e must be leak checked annually and recorded.

• Reclaimed refrigerant can be used until 2030

• Who is the operator for record keeping & responsibility, the owner or the service company.

Training Tools & Equipment

• As F-gases begin to disappear from the market place they will be replaced by others, currently Hydrocarbons are the most popular choices R290 & R600. these require handling certificates .

• Some tools and parts will need to be Hydrocarbon specific i.e.: compressors and thermostats.


Article 13 .2 From 1 January 2020, the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases, with a global warming potential of 2500 or more, to service or maintain

refrigeration equipment with a charge size of 40 tonnes of CO 2 equivalent or more, shall be prohibited.

Excepting : Recycled / Reclaimed or Authorised exception until 1st January 2030.

TIMELINE

2015

517/2014 arrives.

freeze in

refrigerant sales.

10% quota

Sales reduction

to 93%

10% quota

2016

2017

Sales capped.

end import quota

& Changes to Leak

checking

Sales reduction

to 63%

2018

2020

Ban on new

equip

Ban on service

40T CO2e

Sales reduction

to 45%

2021

2024

Sales reduction

to 31%

Sales reduction

to 24%

2027

2030

Sales reduce to 21%


EFFECTS ON THE OVERALL REFRIGERATION INDUSTRY

• Restriction then reduction of highest GWP refrigerants

• Encourage the use of alternative refrigerants & low GWP alternatives – cabinets R290 & R600

• CO2 is an option for larger systems but has disadvantages regarding higher pressures and associated costs

• Hydrocarbons are now widely used in smaller systems and will increase in use

• Other refrigerants such as Perfluorocarbons PFC`s and Hydrofluoroolefins HFO`s are being tested and developed.


MANUFACTURER CHALLENGES

• The backdrop of the ECO Design Directive & MEP’s

• Managing the phasing out process

• Use of approved refrigerants – primarily Hydrocarbon for cabinets, available for over 16 years

• Re invention of manufacturing process – gassing bays etc.

• Control of component inventory

• Short term duplication of stock

• Overcoming ‘explosive/flammable’ worry

• Retraining of manufacturing and service teams both in house and external



• Major branded suppliers are clearly managing their way through the process.

• Hydrocarbon refrigerants are key in meeting MEP’s and satisfying long term F-Gas requirements.

• E.g. R290 ODP - 0 GWP - 3

R600 ODP - 0 GWP - 3

• Importers and manufacturers outside the EU?

• Barriers to long term supply to EU?



ISSUE AREAS

• Blast Chillers & Freezers

• Cold Rooms

• Secondary systems – expensive for most solutions

• Co2 is a real option – BUT specialist contractors, equipment (compressors and pipework), design and installation are needed. There are safety considerations in bringing high pressure systems into public areas.

• Very successful as part of an integrated heat recovery system running multiple cooling systems


CONCLUSION AND REFERENCES

• Please seek specialist advice from your manufacturer & supply partners.

• Consult with CEDA & CESA technical bodies.

-Thank You-

Regulation (EC) 517/2014 of the European Parliament (16 April 2014) http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2014.150.01.0195.01.ENG ACRIB 2014 F-gas Regulations and QWP values. http://www.acrib.org.uk accessed(15.09.2014) 4th IPCC assessment values http://wwwipcc.ch/publications and data/ar4/wg1/en/ch2s2-10-2.html

http://wwwipcc.ch/publications and data/ar4/wg1/en/ch2s2-10-2.html





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What is the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of R404a Global... · • Many F-gases have high Global Warming Potential (GWP). • Carbon Dioxide has a designated GWP of 1 (Base Reference)