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What is school What is school readiness?readiness?
Greg J. DuncanGreg J. Duncan
Department of EducationDepartment of Education
University of California, IrvineUniversity of California, Irvine
What school-entry What school-entry academicacademic, , attentionattention, , social and social and emotionalemotional skills matter most skills matter most for:for:
School achievementSchool achievement High school completion and High school completion and
college enrollmentcollege enrollment Crime in early adulthoodCrime in early adulthood
Kindergarten Skills and Kindergarten Skills and BehaviorsBehaviors
Achievement
DescriptioDescription:n:
Concrete academic skills
Example Example test areas test areas or or question question wording:wording:
Knowing letters and numbers;
beginning word sounds, word
problems
Kindergarten Skills and Kindergarten Skills and BehaviorsBehaviors
Achievement Attention
DescriptioDescription:n:
Concrete academic skills
Ability to control
impulses and focus on tasks
Example Example test areas test areas or or question question wording:wording:
Knowing letters and numbers;
beginning word sounds, word
problems
Can’t sit still; can’t
concentrate; score from a
computer test of impulse
control
Kindergarten Skills and Kindergarten Skills and BehaviorsBehaviors
Achievement AttentionProblem
Behaviors
DescriptioDescription:n:
Concrete academic skills
Ability to control
impulses and focus on tasks
i) Ability to get along with others
ii) Sound mental health
Example Example test areas test areas or or question question wording:wording:
Knowing letters and numbers;
beginning word sounds, word
problems
Can’t sit still; can’t
concentrate; score from a
computer test of impulse
control
i) Cheats or tells lies, bullies, is disobedient at school
ii) Is sad, moody
Simple associations with Simple associations with later achievementlater achievement
Simple associations with Simple associations with later achievementlater achievement
Effects on later Effects on later achievementachievement
Effects on later Effects on later achievementachievement
Effects on high school Effects on high school completioncompletion
Effects on high school Effects on high school completioncompletion
Effects on arrests, Effects on arrests, incarcerationincarceration
Effects on arrests, Effects on arrests, incarcerationincarceration
SummarySummary
Early reading and, especially, math Early reading and, especially, math matter the most for future school matter the most for future school successsuccess
Anti-social behaviors don’t interfere with Anti-social behaviors don’t interfere with early learning, but hurt in the long runearly learning, but hurt in the long run
Attention skills matter early but not laterAttention skills matter early but not later
Mild mental health problems do not Mild mental health problems do not affect school successaffect school success
ImplicationsImplications
Pre-K curricula focused on early Pre-K curricula focused on early math skills should be an math skills should be an evaluation priorityevaluation priority