Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
What happened to the water when the What happened to the water when the charged ruler was put close?charged ruler was put close?
How did the paper react to the How did the paper react to the charged ruler?charged ruler?
Did the balloon stick to your hair?Did the balloon stick to your hair?
What happened to the charged What happened to the charged balloons placed next to each other?balloons placed next to each other?
Class Discussion
All these things happen because of
Static
Does this help us to Does this help us to understand understand lightning?lightning?
What is Static?
Static electricity occurs when there is a Static electricity occurs when there is a build up of electric charge on the surface of build up of electric charge on the surface of a material (rubbing a balloon increases the a material (rubbing a balloon increases the negative electrons)negative electrons)
When the balloon is put near hair, the When the balloon is put near hair, the imbalance causes the hair to be attracted imbalance causes the hair to be attracted to the balloon – to try and stabilise the to the balloon – to try and stabilise the balloon’s negative charge.balloon’s negative charge.
What is charge? To understand charge we have to look To understand charge we have to look
at things on an extremely small scale.at things on an extremely small scale. We have to try and understand things We have to try and understand things
that we can’t even see with the most that we can’t even see with the most powerful microscope.powerful microscope.
ATOMS!
The Atom Everything we see around us everyday is Everything we see around us everyday is
made of atoms.made of atoms.
We can’t see individual atoms because We can’t see individual atoms because they are so small.they are so small.
The atom is made of 3 sorts of particles.The atom is made of 3 sorts of particles.
The electron The electron The protonThe proton
The neutronThe neutron
We can imagine each as a tiny little ball. We can imagine each as a tiny little ball.
In the nucleus
Inside an Atom The protons and The protons and
neutrons sit neutrons sit together in a lump together in a lump in the middle called in the middle called the nucleus.the nucleus.
The electrons orbit The electrons orbit around the around the nucleus, a bit like nucleus, a bit like the planets orbiting the planets orbiting the Sun.the Sun.
Most of the atom is empty space if Most of the atom is empty space if atoms were the size of football fields, atoms were the size of football fields, the nucleus would be a grain of sand in the nucleus would be a grain of sand in the middle and the electrons would be the middle and the electrons would be orbiting around the edge. orbiting around the edge.
..
Charge The electron is negatively charged.The electron is negatively charged. The proton is positively charged.The proton is positively charged. The neutron has no charge, it is neutral. The neutron has no charge, it is neutral.
Static Static is caused when certain Static is caused when certain
materials are rubbed against each materials are rubbed against each other.other.
Electrons can be rubbed off one Electrons can be rubbed off one material and on to another. material and on to another.
The material with The material with extra electrons is extra electrons is now negatively now negatively chargedcharged
The material which The material which has lost electrons has lost electrons has more protons has more protons and is positively and is positively charged.charged.
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+- -
-
-
-
-
- --
-
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+- -
-
-
-
-
- --
-
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+- -
-
-
-
-
- --
-
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+- -
-
-
-
-
- --
-
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+- -
-
-
-
-
- --
-
+
+
+
+++- -
-
-
-
-
- --
-
+
+
+
+
StaticIt is this imbalance of positive and It is this imbalance of positive and negative charges that causes:negative charges that causes:
Balloons to stick to walls.Balloons to stick to walls.Your hair to stand on end when Your hair to stand on end when
brushing your hair on a dry day.brushing your hair on a dry day.And neutrally charged water to move And neutrally charged water to move
towards a negatively charged ruler.towards a negatively charged ruler.
