Westward Expansion (early 19th century)

• Manifest Destiny:– God-given destiny to move west

• Force Native Americans West

• Andrew Jackson/ U.S. Invades Florida– Stop Seminole raids– Stop slaves from escaping– Adams-Onis Treaty – Spain gives us Florida

• New roads/canals west

• Oregon Trail

• Gold Rush -1848/1849

Latin American Independence• Latin America – 300 years of Spanish rule • 1809-1811 – Nearly all major Spanish

colonies start independence movements• Creoles (Spanish born outside Spain) left

out of government, begin to dissent• Napolean attacks Spain-puts brother on throne• Colonies use event to break away from Spain• By 1822, nearly all L.A. is independent• Monroe Doctrine – Keep hands off former

colonies in Americas, Europe

Mexico and Texas• Mex. Independence →Greater Democracy

• Mex. encourages Texas immigration

• Texans seek self-rule, permanent slavery

• New dictator Santa Ana; Tex more defiant

• Texans lose Battle of Alamo

• Texan victory at Battle of San Jacinto

• Texas independent nation 1836-1845

Industrial Revolution• Water Power, Steam Engine-make things faster

• New U.S. textile industry – 1790s

• Eli Whitney – invented– Cotton gin – slavery; King Cotton – interchangeable parts

• Lowell,MA–first centralized factory–did all in 1 spot

• Erie Canal, other canals, new roads, steamboats revolutionize commerce

• 1828 – first railroad; 1840s- Railroads take off

• Work outside home; specialization; lifestyle change