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Welcome to the CIM University

ČEPSPrague, Czech Republic

10 May 2011

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CIM Standards Overview And Its Role in the Utility Enterprise

CIM Users GroupPrague, Czeck Republic

10 May 2011Terry Saxton

3

Presentation Contents

• Background• What is the CIM• How the CIM is used in the Utility Enterprise• Three Layer Architecture for Using the CIM Standards• CIM UML model• Profiles for business context• Implementation syntax• IEC CIM Working Groups and Standards• CIM as Basis for Enterprise Semantic Model (ESM)• Case studies• Where to get CIM information

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The IEC Common Information Model (CIM) - What Is It?• A set of standards in enable system integration and information exchange

based on a common information model– Provides a general information model and message/file schemas for

messages/files exchanged between systems• A key differentiator: The CIM standards are based on a Unified Modeling

Language (UML) based information model representing real-world objects and information entities exchanged within the value chain of the electric power industry

– Provides common semantics for all information exchangesReferred to as Model-Driven Integration (MDI)

– Not tied to a particular application’s view of the world• But permits same model to be used by all applications to facilitate information sharing

between applications– Maintained by IEC in Sparx Enterprise Architect modeling tools– Many tools available generating design artifacts and documentation– Enable data access to enterprise data warehouse in a standard way

5

CIM History• 1992 – Unified Information turned over a data model based on the EPRI OTS

to the CCAPI Task Force with the understanding it would be turned into an industry standard model

• 1993 to 1996 - The CCAPI task force expanded the data model with a primary goal of enabling use of plug compatible applications to help protect utility investment in applications

– Entity Relationship Visio Diagram with MS Access database• 1996 – The CIM was turned over to IEC Technical Committee 57, Working

Group 13&14, where it is advancing through the standards process. It covers both electric utility transmission and distribution business operations

– Converted to UML and initially maintained in Rational Rose • 2000 – NERC mandates CIM and first IOP test• 2003 – ISO/RTO Council and EPRI sponsored an initiative to expand CIM

into Market Operations, a.k.a. CME, followed by extensions for Planning and Dynamics

• 2005 – First edition of IEC 61970-301 CIM Base• 2005 – CIM Users Group established under UCA Users Group• 2008 – CIM adopted by UCTE• 2009 – NIST identifies CIM as key standard for Smart Grid interoperability• 2010 – ENTSO-E migrates to CIM and holds first IOP test

Smart Grid Conceptual Model

Slide 7

8

Information is Needed From Many Individual Systems

AM/FM/GIS

Mobile

SCADA

Work Mgmt

CustomerInformation

NetworkManagement

Maintenance& Inspection

HRFinancial

ContractManagement

ProtectionAsset

Planning

RiskAnalysis

NetworkPlanning

Historian OutageManagement

PropertyMgmt Compliance

The CIM

VENDORHELP!

GWAC Stack and the CIM Standards

Organizational

Technical

Informational

8: Economic/Regulatory Policy

7: Business Objectives

6: Business Procedures

3: Syntactic Interoperability

5: Business Context

2: Network Interoperability

4: Semantic Understanding

1: Basic Connectivity

Interoperability Categories

Political and Economic Objectives as Embodied in Policy and Regulation

Strategic and Tactical Objectives Shared between Businesses

Alignment between Operational Business Processes and Procedures

Awareness of the Business Knowledge Related to a Specific Interaction

Understanding of the Concepts Contained in the Message Data Structures

Understanding of Data Structure in Messages Exchanged between Systems

Mechanism to Exchange Messages between Multiple Systems across a Variety of Networks

Mechanism to Establish Physical and Logical Connections between Systems

CIM

10

Sample Power System Model

Generator AC Line Substation

Company

Load

Operates

Operates

Belongs To

Member Of

Owns

Load Area

Connects To

Connects To

Connects To

11

Application of Information Model

SISCO SYSTEMS

Common model creates understanding

Application 1 Application 2

12

The Common Language Should Provide Relevant Information To A User Regardless of Source

EngineeringConcerns

MaterialsManagement

ConcernsConstruction

Concerns

OperationsConcerns

ProtectionConcerns

MaintenanceConcerns

13

The Needs of Various Users –Some Same, Some Different

14

The Needs of Various Users –Some Same, Some Different (continued)

15

Exchanging Common Language Messages Among Systems Should Provide Relevant Information To Each System That Is Harmonious With All Other Systems’ Information

WorkBlah, Blah, Blah,

Organization,Blah, Blah, Blah

MaintenanceBlah, Blah, Blah,

Organization,Blah, Blah, Blah Switching Schedule

Blah, Blah, Blah, Organization,

Blah, Blah, Blah

Load Data SetBlah, Blah, Blah,


Meter ReadingBlah, Blah, Blah,


Load ControlBlah, Blah, Blah,


Asset CatalogBlah, Blah, Blah,


CrewBlah, Blah, Blah,


Service ConnectionRequest

Blah, Blah, Blah, Organization,

Blah, Blah, Blah

Planned OutageBlah, Blah, Blah,


For example, in each of the message exchanges depicted above, the same Organization is referenced for different reasons. There should be NO inconsistencies about this Organization in them!

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For example, a common language-based logical infrastructure facilitates collaboration among the many applications involved in Asset Management

Asset Strategy

Asset Portfolios

Risk Management

RegulatoryReporting

Financial Management

ResourceScheduling &

Planning

Equip./FleetManagement

Supply Chain Management

ContractManagement

Mobile Workforce

Mgmt.

Work Collaboration & Reporting

Work Design

Asset Owner Asset Manager Service Provider

Asset Investment Planning Asset Program Management

Customer Management Asset Operations

CIS

CRM

IVR eBusiness EMS DMS

SCADA

OMS

Asset Planning Tool

Budget Load Forecast

ReliabilityAnalysis

NetworkAnalysis

Asset Repository

ExecutiveDashboard

Program Mgmt.

Work Mgmt.

Mobile & Dispatching

Contract Mgmt.

GISRevenue

Facility I&M

Portal

SA/DA

Metering

SRCM

17

Application To Common Language Mapping –The Typical Field to Field Process Is Cumbersome

• Individual fields of data models from data sources are mapped to each other

• Approach does not scale well as the number of maps grows exponentially with each new data source

• Mapping is a challenge as ‘mappers’ must have an in depth understanding of all relevant data sources – a tall order!

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Using A Semantic Model ToSimplify & Scale Up The Mapping Process

• What is a Semantic Model?– The key ingredients that make up a semantic model are a vocabulary of

basic terms, a precise specification of what those terms mean and how they relate to each other.

• How is it used?– Before making mappings, a model (or an ontology) of a given business

domain is defined. – The model is expressed in a knowledge representation language and it

contains business concepts, relationships between them and a set of rules.

– By organizing knowledge in a discrete layer for use by information systems, semantic models enable communication between computer systems in a way that is independent of the individual system technologies, information architectures and applications.

– Compared to one-to-one mappings, mapping data sources to a common semantic model offer a much more scaleable and maintainable way to manage and integrate enterprise data.

[source: TopQuadrant Technology Briefing, July 2003]

The CIM is a Canonical Data Model (CDM)

Provided by Jay Britton

A CDM is a semantic model chosen as a unifying model to govern a collection of interface specifications

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ETLIntegration BusWeb Services

Apps.

GenericServices

Composite Applications

DW

Business Intelligence

CommonLanguage

SemanticModel

Metadata

The CIM Provides a Semantic Layer in an Enterprise Architecture

21

App CIMY.1 X.1Y.2 X.2Y.3 X.3Y.4 X.4Y.5 X.5

Publisher

Publishers:One Application Connector:•Obtains Data From Application And/Or Database•Transforms Data (if necessary) to the “CommonLanguage” (a Canonical Data Model)

•Puts Data Into Message Template•Publishes The Message (Fires & Forgets)

DataWarehouse

SubstationAutomation

OMS

DistWiresModel

GridWiresModel

DAC

CIS

VRU

AM/FM/GIS

DistributionAutomation

HumanResources

OutageReporting

Event History WorkManagement

EMS

...

CIMX.1 X.2 X.3 X.4 X.5

Subscriber

CIM AppX.1 B.1X.2 B.2X.3 X.4 X.5

Subscriber

CIM AppX.1 A.1X.2 X.3 X.4 A.4X.5 A.5

Subscriber

CIM AppX.1 C.1X.2 X.3 C.3X.4 C.4X.5

Subscriber

Subscribers:Several Application Adapters Receive The Same MessageEach Adapter:•Parses Message, Pulling Out Data Needed By Application•Transforms Data (if necessary) to Local Application Format•Passes Data To Local Application And/Or Database Through Most Appropriate Means

Message Type Instance: ChangedNetworkDataSet (Expressed In Common Language)

Decoupled InformationExchange

© 2003-2004 Xtensible Solutions, Inc. 21

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The CIM and Related Standards

• The CIM standards are more than just an abstract information model (or CDM) expressed in UML

• Profiles for specifying a subset of the CIM classes and attributes for a specific business context at a specific system interface or system interaction

• Implementation models– Use of XML to create serialized files and messages

• RDF Schema-based standards for power system model exchange• XML Schema-based standards for information message payloads

– ETL based on CIM for data base access• DDLs for data tables

We Need An Organizing Framework

• Layered Reference Architecture for TC57• Based on UN/CEFACT

– Information Model– Contextual Model– Message Syntax

• Rules for Message Assembly

GWAC Stack

Organizational

Technical

Informational

8: Economic/Regulatory Policy

7: Business Objectives

6: Business Procedures

3: Syntactic Interoperability

5: Business Context

2: Network Interoperability

4: Semantic Understanding

1: Basic Connectivity

Interoperability Categories

Political and Economic Objectives as Embodied in Policy and Regulation

Strategic and Tactical Objectives Shared between Businesses

Alignment between Operational Business Processes and Procedures

Awareness of the Business Knowledge Related to a Specific Interaction

Understanding of the Concepts Contained in the Message Data Structures

Understanding of Data Structure in Messages Exchanged between Systems

Mechanism to Exchange Messages between Multiple Systems across a Variety of Networks

Mechanism to Establish Physical and Logical Connections between Systems

CIM

– Not an IT Architecture for the CIM Standards

TC57 Layered Reference Architecture

CIM UML

Information and Semantic Models

Context

Message Syntax

Profiles

Message/FileFormat

(XSD, RDFSchema, OWL)

Contextual layer restricts information model• Specifies which part of CIM is used for given profile• Mandatory and optional• Restrictions• But cannot add to information model

Message syntax describes format for instance data• Can re-label elements• Change associations to define single structure for

message payloads• Mappings to various technologies can be defined

Information Model• Generalized model of all utility objects and their

relationships• Application independent, but defines all concepts

needed for any application

From Information

Model to Syntactic

Model

•Abstract•Model

•Syntactic •Model

•<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>•<xsd:elementname=« MT_EnergyTransaction">•<xsd:sequence>• <xsd:elementname=« EnergyTransaction"/>• <xsd:sequence>• <xsd:element name=« Name"/>• <xsd:element name=« Type"/>• </xsd:sequence>• </xsd:element>

UML World

XML Syntactic World

•Information/SemanticModel

•Context/Profiles

•MessageAssembly

•MessageSyntax

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Semantic Models and Profiles

CIM UML


Context

Message Syntax

Profile

MessageXML Schema

CIM/XMLRDF Schema

RelationalDatabase

61968Rules

CIM/XMLRules

ProjectRules

Message Assembly

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To Summarize

• The CIM is an abstract information modelstandard expressed in UML.

• Profiles specifying a subset of the CIM classes and attributes for specific business context

• Implementation technologies, such as use of XML to create serialized files and messages– Standards for power system models– Standards for information message payloads

• Also, the CIM UML can be extended– Standard extensions for new functional areas– Private extensions for specific utility requirements

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Market Operation Apps

60870-6-503App Services

SCADA Apps EMS Apps DMS Apps Engineering & Maintenance Apps

ExternalIT Apps

Data Acquisition and Control Front-End / Gateway / Proxy Server / Mapping Services / Role-based Access Control

61850-8-1Mapping to MMS

TC13 WG14 Meter

Standards

61334

60870-5101&

104

61970 Component Interface Specification (CIS) and 61968 SIDMS for Enterprise Application Integration (EAI, EII, and ETL)

61970 / 61968 Common Information Model (CIM)

Inter-Application Messaging Middleware (specified in XML; mapped to appropriate protocols)

61850 Substation Devices

61850 IED Field Devices &

Distribution Feeders

60870-6TASE.2

Other Control Centers

60870-5RTUs or

SubstationSystems

IEDs, Relays, Meters, Switchgear, CTs, VTs

End

-to-E

nd S

ecur

ity S

tand

ards

and

Rec

omm

enda

tions

(wor

k in

pro

gres

s)

IEC TC57 Reference Architecture

External Systems(Symmetric client/server

protocols)

Specific Communication Services Mappings

Specific Object Mappings

ApplicationInterfaces

Equipment AndSystem Interfaces

Communication Industry Standard Protocol Stacks(ISO/TCP/IP/Ethernet)

XMLMessaging

(work inprogress)

Protocol Profiles

XML Messaging

External Systems (e.g., Substations)

Communications Media and Services

FieldDevices

Utility CustomersEnergyMarket Participants Other BusinessesUtility

Service Providers

Net

wor

k, S

yste

m, a

nd D

ata

Man

agem

ent

(futu

re)

TC13 WG14

*Notes: 1) Solid colors correlate different parts of protocols within the architecture.2) Non-solid patterns represent areas that are future work, or work in progress, or related work provided by another IEC TC.

61850-7-2 ACSI

61850-7-3, 7-4 Object Models

CustomerMeters

Peer-to-Peer 61850 overSubstation bus and Process bus

60870-6-802Object Models

60870-6-703Protocols

Field Object Models

Application To Application (A2A)and Business To Business

(B2B) Communications

Let’s look at each layer of the CIM

CIM UML


Context

Message Syntax

Profiles

Message/FileFormat








32

Foundational Relationships Of The CIM

PowerSystemResourceElectrical Network Role Used For

Planning, Operations, etc.

AssetPhysical Plant Filling A Role

Such As A Transformer, Pole, etc.

LocationWhere To Find Something By

GPS, Address, Electronically, etc.

OrganisationEntities Performing Roles Such

As Operations, Tax Authority

PersonPeople Performing Roles SuchDispatcher, Field Operator, etc.

DocumentInformation Containers Such AsTrouble Ticket, Work Orders, etc.

CustomerIndustrial, Commercial, & Residential

Which Can Have Multiple Accounts

33

IEC TC57 CIM Packages

WG13TransmissionEMS/Planning Interfaces

WG14DMSInterfaces

WG16DeregulatedMarketCommunications

34

WG13 CIM Packages - 61970

35

WG14 CIM Packages - 61968pkg M ain

AssetsPointOriented

Customers

Common

Operations

ERPSupport

Work

Assets

M etering PaymentM etering

Domain2Locations

TypeAssetAssetM odelsAssetsLinear

Planning

LoadControl

GM LSupport

Parts 3, 4 (and 5?)

Part 4

Parts (5 and 7)?

Part 6

Part 8

Part 9

Part 10?

36

WG16 CIM Market Extensions

37

CIM UML Release Cycles

• 61970 CIM UML has annual release cycle– Current official annual release is IEC61970CIM14v13– Basis for IEC 61970-301 CIM Base Fourth Edition

• Word document auto-generated from the UML electronic model– Information system and Profile documents are synchronized with

UML model release

• 61968 CIM UML different update cycles– Basis for IEC 61968-11 CIM Distribution Information Exchange

Model

• 62325 CIM UML on another update cycle– Basis for IEC 62325-301 CIM for Deregulated Markets

• Complete CIM UML available as a combined model on CIMug Sharepoint site: iec61970cim14v13_iec61968cim10v28_combined

39

Structureheight : ShortLengthweedAbate : BooleanweedRemDate : AbsoluteDatefumigant : StringfumigantApplyDate : AbsoluteDatejpaRefNum : String

Asset

code : Stringutc : Stringnumber : StringserialNumber : SerialNumberassetType : StringmaufacturedDate : AbsoluteDateinstallationDate : AbsoluteDateinServiceDate : AbsoluteDateoutOfServiceDate : AbsoluteDateremovalDate : AbsoluteDatewarrantyDate : AbsoluteDatefinancialValue : Moneystatus : StringstatusDate : AbsoluteDatecritical : BooleancorpStandard : StringremovalReason : Stringcondition : StringplantTransferDate : AbsoluteDateusage : StringpurchaseDate : AbsoluteDatepurchasePrice : MoneypurchaseOrderNumber : String

(from AssetBasics)

Pole

classification : Stringspecies : Stringtreatment : Stringbase : Stringpreservative : StringtreatedDate : AbsoluteDatebreastBlock : Boolean

Streetlight

rating : StringarmLength : ShortLength

0..1

0..n

+AttachedTo_Pole

0..1 +Support_Streetlights0..n

The CIM Is Expressed In Unified Modeling Language (UML) Notation*

Class Name usually describes things in the real world

Associations connect classes and areassigned a role that describes the relationship

Class Attributes describesignificant aspects about the thing

This Specialization indicates that a “Pole” is a type of“Structure.” Since a “Structure” is a type of “Asset,” the Poleinherits all of the attributes from both Structure and Asset

* For more information on UML notation (a standard), refer to Martin Fowler’s book“UML Distilled,” Addison-Wesley

40

Concepts: Generalization/Inheritance

• Breaker: Specialization of ProtectedSwitch

• ProtectedSwitch: Specialization of Switch

• Switch: Specialization of Conducting Equipment

• ConductingEquipment: Specialization of Equipment

• Equipment: Specialization of PowerSystem Resource

41

Equipment InheritanceHierarchy

class InheritanceHierarchy

Transf ormerWinding

Core: :PowerSystemResource

HeatExchanger

BusbarSection

VoltageControlZone

ShuntCompensator

ACLineSegment

DCLineSegment

LoadBreakSwitch

Core: :VoltageLevel

TapChanger

PowerTransf ormer

Fuse

StaticVarCompensator

RegulatingCondEq

Rectif ierInverter

Junction

Jumper

Ground

Conductor

Disconnector

EnergySource

SeriesCompensator

ProtectedSwitch

Core: :Identif iedObject

PlantLine

FrequencyConverter

Connector

Core: : Bay

Switch

Core: :ConnectivityNodeContainer

Core: :Substation

EnergyConsumer

GroundDisconnector

Core: :ConductingEquipment

Breaker

SynchronousM achine

Core: :Equipment

Core: :EquipmentContainer

CompositeSwitch

42

NamingHierarchy 1

class NamingHierarchyPart1

Core: :Substation

Core: : Bay

Core: :VoltageLevel

Core: :SubGeographicalRegion

Line

Core: :GeographicalRegion

Core: : Identif iedObject

+ aliasName: String [0..1]+ description: String [0..1]+ localName: String [0..1]+ mRID: String [0..1]+ name: String [0..1]+ pathName: String [0..1]

Core: :Equipment

Core: :EquipmentContainer


Plant

Core: :ConnectivityNodeContainer

+EquipmentContainer0..1

+Equipments0..*

+Region 0..1

+Regions 0..*

+Region 0..1

+Substations 0..*

+Region

0..1

+Lines 0..*

+VoltageLev el0..1

+Bay s0..*

+Bay s 0..*

+Substation

0..1

+Substation 1

+VoltageLev els 0..*

43

NamingHierarchy 2

class NamingHierarchyPart2

Fuse

EnergyConsumer

ShuntCompensator

Connector

BusbarSection

Breaker

ACLineSegment

Disconnector

Jumper

FrequencyConverter

EnergySource

StaticVarCompensator

Rectif ierInverter

Conductor

Core: :ConductingEquipment

Core: :Equipment

DCLineSegment

SynchronousM achine

CompositeSwitch

Switch

M eas: :M easurement


Transf ormerWinding

TapChanger

PowerTransf ormer

Ground

RegulatingCondEq

GroundDisconnector

Production: :GeneratingUnit

Core: : Identif iedObject

+ aliasName: String [0..1]+ description: String [0..1]+ localName: String [0..1]+ mRID: String [0..1]+ name: String [0..1]+ pathName: String [0..1]

SeriesCompensator

ProtectedSwitch

LoadBreakSwitch

Junction

HeatExchanger

+PowerSy stemResource

0..1

+Measurements

0..*

+TransformerWindings 1..*

+PowerTransformer 1

+GeneratingUnit 0..1+Sy nchronousMachines 1..*

+HeatExchanger 0..1

+PowerTransformer 1

+CompositeSwitch 0..1

+Switches 0..*

44

ConnectivityandTopology Model

cla ss Ma in

Cor e::EquipmentConta iner

Switch/Node static Model

Cor e::Connect iv i ty Node

Cor e::Connect iv i ty NodeConta iner

Cor e::Ter mina l

Bus/Branch calculated Model

Topologica lNode

Meas::Measur ement

Cor e::Conduct ingEquipment

Sta teVa r iables::Topologica l Island

Cor e::Power Sy stemResour ce

Cor e::Ident i f iedObject

BusNameMar ker

Cor e::Equipment

Bus/Branch bus naming specificaiton static model.

Contr olAr ea ::Contr olAr ea

+ netInterchange: ActivePower [0..1]+ pTolerance: ActivePower [0..1]+ type: ControlAreaTypeKind [0..1]

+Terminals

0..*

+ConductingEquipment 1

+TopologicalNodes 1..*

+TopologicalIsland 1

+Terminal0..*

+TopologicalNode0..1

+ConnectivityNodes 0..*

+TopologicalNode 0..1

+AngleRef_TopologicalIsland0..1

+AngleRef_TopologicalNode0..1

+Measurements 0..*

+Terminal0..1

+BusNameMarker

0..1

+Terminal1..*

+TopologicalNode

0..*

+ConnectivityNodeContainer 0..1

+ConnectivityNodes 0..*

+ConnectivityNodeContainer

1

+Terminals0..*

+ConnectivityNode 0..1

45

Converting a Circuit to CIM Objects

• Example to show how voltage levels, current transformers, power transformers and generators are modelled

• Circuit contains a single generating source, load, line and busbar. The circuit also contains two power transformers resulting in three voltage levels of 17kV, 33kV and 132kV

Taken from McMorran, “An Introduction to IEC 61970-301 & 61968-11: The Common Information Model”, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK

46

Example Circuit as a Single Line Diagram

EnergyConsumer

Breaker

SynchronousMachine

GeneratingUnit

Breaker

BusbarSection

Breaker

ACLineSegment

Current measurement represented by

Measurement connected to Terminal

47

Representing a Power Transformer as CIM Objects• A power transformer is not mapped to a single

CIM class– Represented by a number of components with a single

PowerTransformer container class– Two-winding power transformer becomes two

TransformerWinding objects within a PowerTransformer container

• If a tap changer is present to control one of the windings– An instance of the TapChanger class is associated

with that particular winding– Also contained within the PowerTransformer instance

48

Transformer Class Diagram

Inherits from Equipment, since does not conduct

electricity

Physically connected to network and conducts

electricity, so inherits from ConductingEquipment

Part of TransformerWinding, not

separate piece of equipment

Shell of transformer, containing windings,

insulation, magnetic core, etc.

49

CIM Mapping for Transformer 17-33

• Transformer 17-33 is represented as four CIM objects

50

Transformer Model Diagram from 61970-301CIM Base

ConductingEquipment(from Core)

Equipment(from Core)

PowerSystemResource(from Core)

RegulationSchedule

TapChanger

0..1

0..n

+RegulationSchedule0..1

+TapChangers0..n

WindingTest

HeatExchanger

TransformerWinding

0..n+TapChangers

0..n

+TransformerWinding

1

1

0..n

+From_TransformerWinding1

+From_WindingTests1

0..n

+To_WindingTest

+To_TransformeWindings0..n

PowerTransformer

0..1

1

+HeatExchanger0..1

+PowerTransformer 1

1..n

1

+Contains_TransformerWindings

+MemberOf_PowerTransformer

1

51

Transformer Winding Attributes

Transformer Windingb: SusceptanceinsulationKV: VoltageconnectionType: WindingConnectionemergencyMVA : ApparentPowerg: Conductancegrounded: Booleanr: Resistancer0: ResistanceratedKV: Voltagerated MVA: ApparentPowerrground: ResistanceshortTermMVA: ApparentPowerwindingType: WindingTypex: Reactancex0: Reactancexground: Reactance

52

Example Circuit with Full CIM Mappings

• Maps to– 17 CIM classes– 45 CIM objects

• Could be extended further with addition of objects for

– control areas– equipment

owners– measurement

units– generation and

load curves– asset data

53

How The CIM Handles Location For Logical Devices And/Or The Physical Asset Performing The Device’s Role

54

Types Of Document Relationship Inherited By All Assets

55

Activity Records

56

CIM UML in Enterprise Architect

• The CIM UML model is maintained in Sparx Enterprise Architect (EA)

• Current ENTSO-E CIM UML Model for IOP– iec61970cim15v15_iec61968cim10v16_combined.eap

• Go to UML model in EA

Next - Context Layer

CIM UML


Context

Message Syntax

Profiles

Message/FileFormat








From Information

Model to Syntactic

Model

•Abstract•Model

•Syntactic •Model

•<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>•<xsd:elementname=« MT_EnergyTransaction">•<xsd:sequence>• <xsd:elementname=« EnergyTransaction"/>• <xsd:sequence>• <xsd:element name=« Name"/>• <xsd:element name=« Type"/>• </xsd:sequence>• </xsd:element>

UML World

XML Syntactic World

•Information/SemanticModel

•Context/Profiles

•MessageAssembly

•MessageSyntax

59

Example Circuit with Full CIM Mappings

• Maps to– 17 CIM classes– 45 CIM objects

• Could be extended further with addition of objects for

– control areas– equipment

owners– measurement

units– generation and

load curves– asset data

61970 Profiles Currently Defined

• Equipment – Identifies equipment, describes

basic characteristics, and electrical connectivity that would be input to topology processing

• Schedules – Describes input to functions

that derive parameters for a specific point in time

• Measurement Specs– Describes how SCADA will

obtain measurements and what equipment objects are measured

• Measurement Set– The set of SCADA values for

measurements for a particular point in time

• Topology– The result of topology

processing. i.e. Description of how equipment connects into buses and how buses makeup connected systems

• State Variables – Result of a state estimator or

power flow, or the starting conditions of state variables

• Dynamics– Adds dynamics to static

network model for running system simulations

• Schematic Layouts– Describes how equipment

objects are placed on schematic diagrams

61970-452 Static Transmission Network Model Profiles• Also known as Common Power System Model (CPSM)• Many Interoperability (IOP) tests since year 2000• In use in many countries• 61968-13 distribution model (CDPSM) based on these profiles as well

Plus 61970-456 Solved System State Profiles

61970-452Profiles

Equipment Model

61970-456 Profiles

Common Objects

Topology

State Variables

Schedules

Measurement Set

Measurement Specifications

Boundary Objects

Adds steady state solution of power system case produced by power flow applications

Dependencies via references to CPSM Part 452

Plus 61970-457 Dynamic Models Profile

61970-452Profiles

Equipment Model

61970-456 Profiles

Common Objects

Topology

State Variables

Schedules

Measurement Set


Boundary Objects

Future 61970-457 Profile

DynamicModels

Adds dynamic models used in system simulation

Dependencies via references to CPSM Part 452

Plus 61970-453 Diagram Layout Profile

61970-452Profiles

Equipment Model

61970-456 Profiles

Common Objects

Topology

State Variables

61970-453 Profile

Schedules

Diagram Layout

Measurement Set


Boundary Objects

Future 61970-457 Profile

DynamicModels

Adds diagram layout info for schematic data

Dependen- cies via reference to CPSM Part 452

Typical Workflow for Model Exchange

•S1

•S2

•S3

•S4

•S5

•S6

•S7

•S8

•E1

•E1.1•Time

•T1

•Profile

•Full model

•DifferentialModel

•Predecessor

•DependsOnModel

•T1.1

•T1.3

•T1.2

TC57 Reference Architecturefor Model Exchange

•CIM UML

•Information and Semantic Models

•Context

•Message Syntax

•Profiles

•Message/FileFormat


•Contextual layer restricts information model• Specifies which part of CIM is used for given profile• Mandatory and optional• Restrictions• But cannot add to information model

•Message syntax describes format for instance data• Can re-label elements• Change associations to define single structure for


• Information Model• Generalized model of all utility objects and their



•Conforms to IEC 61970-301 CIM

•Conforms to collection of

Standard4xx Profiles

•Conforms to IEC 61970-552-4

CIM XML Model Exchange Format

Example of Use of CIM to Define Standard Interfaces

MeterReading &

Control

MeterReading &

Control

Utility ControlCenter

Utility ControlCenter

NetworkExpansionPlanning

NetworkExpansionPlanning

CustomerInquiry

CustomerInquiry

NetworkOperationNetwork

Operation

Records& Asset

Management

Records& Asset

Management

OperationalPlanning &

Optimization

OperationalPlanning &

Optimization

IEC 61968CompliantInterface

Architecture

IEC 61968CompliantInterface

Architecture

Maintenance&

Construction

Maintenance&

Construction

UtilityBusinessSystems

(ERP, Billing,Energy trading,other systems)

UtilityBusinessSystems

(ERP, Billing,Energy trading,other systems)

Corporate LAN

Corporate LAN

Distribution AutomationDistribution Automation

Substation Protection,Monitoring and Control

Substation Protection,Monitoring and Control

RTU Communications RTU Communications

Working Group 14:Establishing A Common Language For Enterprise Application Integration In the IEC 61968 Series of Standards

•Information: •http://www.ucainternational.org/•http://www.iec.ch

The IEC 61968-1 Interface Reference Model (IRM) Provides The Framework For Identifying Information Exchange Requirements Among Utility Business Functions

•All IEC 61968 Activity Diagrams and Sequence Diagrams are organized by the IRM

The Business Sub-Function Level of the IRM for IEC 61968 Scope

•Application Integration Infrastructure

•Network Operations•Network Operations•Monitoring (NMON)

•Network Control•(CTL)

•Fault Management•(FLT)

•Operational Feedback•Analysis (OFA)

•Operation Statistics•& Reporting (OST)

•Network Calculations•- Real Time (CLC)

•Records & Asset•Management

•Substation & Network•Inventory (EINV)

•Geographical•Inventory (GINV)

•Asset Investment•Planning (AIP)

•Operational Planning•& Optimization •Network Operation

•Simulation (SIM)

•Switch Action•Scheduling (SSC)

•Power Import Sched.•& Optimization (IMP)

•Maintenance and•Construction

•Maintenance &•Inspection (MAI)

•Construction WMS (CON)

•Design &•Estimate (DGN)

•Scheduling•& Dispatch (SCH)

•Field•Recording (FRD)

•Network Extension•Planning

•Network•Calculations (NCLC)

•Project Definition•(PRJ)

•Construction•Supervision (CSP)

•Compliance•Management (CMPL)

•Customer•Support

•Customer Service•(CSRV)

•Trouble Call•Management (TCM)

•Meter Reading & Control•Meter Reading•(RMR)

• External Systems

•Dispatcher Training (TRN) •General inventory

management (GIM)

•Load Control•(LDC)

•Meter Maintenance (MM)

•Meter Data (MD)

•Point Of Sale•(POS)

•Meter Operations•(MOP)

•Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

•Meter Data Management IMDM)

•Metering System•(MS)

•Demand Response•(DR)

The IEC 61968 Basic Message Structure

Message Header

Message Types Are Created By Combining IEC 61968 Verbs With Information Exchange Topics, Referred To As Nouns

(IEC 61968 Verbs - continued)

78

Work Overview

Publication No. Description Status Responsible WG14 Lead

To IEC Next Step

61968-01 Interface Architecture and General Requirements

IS Shawn Hu July 2010 MCR

61968-01-1 ESB Implementation Profile

Working Draft

Scott Neumann July 2010 NWIP & CD

61968-01-2 Web Services Working Draft

Mark Ortiz July 2010 NWIP & CD

61968-02 Glossary Technical Report

David Haynes June 2009 MCR

61968-03 Network Operations IS Bruce Scovill July 2011 MCR

61968-04 Records & Asset Management

IS Jon Fairchild July 2011 MCR

•WG14 Status

79

Work Overview

Publication No.

Description Status Responsible WG14 Lead

To IEC Next Step

61968-05 Operational Planning and Optimization

Working Draft Jim Waight TBD Postponed until experts from 5 countries are provided. Also, part 5 should be based on the revised parts 3.

61968-06 Maintenance and Construction

Working Draft Nada Reinprecht

July 2011 NWIP & CD

61968-07 Network Extension Planning

Working Draft Jim Waight TBD Postponed until experts from 5 countries are provided. Also, part 7 should be based on the revised parts 3 & 4 and coordinated with part 6 and WG13.

61968-08 Customer Support NWIP & CD Larry Clark and Mark Ortiz

Sept 2010 Work to recast document to new format& issue CD. Get experts from 5 countries to develop CDV, which is due Dec 2011..

61968-09 Meter Reading and Control

IS Scott Neumann July 2011 MCR

•WG14 Status

80

Work Overview

Publication No. Description Status Responsible WG14 Lead

To IEC Next Step

61968-11 Common Information Model for DMS

FDIS Tanja Kostic March 2011 MCR

61968-12 Compliance and Interoperability Testing

Working Draft

Margaret Goodrich

As tests are performed

NWIP & Technical Report

61968-13 Common Distribution Power System Model

IS Eric Lambert January 2011 MCR

61968-14-1 Mapping between MultiSpeak 4.0 and IEC 61968, parts 3 through 10

Working Draft

Gary McNaughton

In planning and recruitment stage

61968-14-2 A CIM profile for MultiSpeak 4.0, one profile for IEC 61968 parts 3 through10

Working Draft

Gary McNaughton

In planning and recruitment stage

•WG14 Status

Next - Context Layer

CIM UML


Context

Message Syntax

Profiles

Message/FileFormat








82

Implementation Syntax – XML Schema

• Example of use of XML Schema• Mapping Proprietary EMS Interfaces to the CIM

– Provide enterprise system access to transformer data

83

Mapping EMS Interfaces to the CIM –User access to transformer data

• EMS Native Interface attributes:– TRANS_NAME – The Transformer’s name– WINDINGA_R – The Transformer’s primary winding resistance– WINDINGA_X – The Transformer’s primary winding reactance– WINDINGB_R – The Transformer’s secondary winding resistance– WINDINGB_X – The Transformer’s secondary winding reactance– WINDINGA_V – The Transformer’s primary winding voltage– WINDINGB_V – The Transformer’s secondary winding voltage

84

Transformer Class Diagram in CIM

85

CIM Interface Mapping- Beginnings of Profile/Message Payload Definition

Two different interface attributes (WINDINGA_R and WINDINGB_R) map to same

CIM attribute

Aggregation changed from 0..n to 2

Multiplicity changed from

0..1 to 1

Multiplicity changed from

0..1 to 1

86

Message Payload in UML

Note:• Associations changed to aggregations• Parent classes removed

• Not required in actual message content• Parent classes already known by both sender and receiver

• Corollary: Only those parts of the CIM used in message exchange need to be supported by interface applications

• End result – modified class structure• Example of application of business context to information model

87

XML Schema of CIM

• An XML Schema of the CIM can be generated with XML tools

• The CIM classes and attributes are used to define tags

• Then the CIM can be shown in XML as well as UML

• Example is PowerTransformer

88

Transformer Model Diagram from 61970-301CIM Base

ConductingEquipment(from Core)

Equipment(from Core)

PowerSystemResource(from Core)

RegulationSchedule

TapChanger

0..1

0..n

+RegulationSchedule0..1

+TapChangers0..n

WindingTest

HeatExchanger

TransformerWinding

0..n+TapChangers

0..n

+TransformerWinding

1

1

0..n

+From_TransformerWinding1

+From_WindingTests1

0..n

+To_WindingTest

+To_TransformeWindings0..n

PowerTransformer

0..1

1

+HeatExchanger0..1

+PowerTransformer 1

1..n

1

+Contains_TransformerWindings

+MemberOf_PowerTransformer

1

89

XML Schema for Transformer Message

90

Sample Transformer Interface Message Payload in XML

<cim:PowerTransformer> <cim:Naming.name>Transformer SGT1</cim:Naming.name> <cim:PowerTransformer.Contains_TransformerWindings> <cim:TransformerWinding.r>0.23</cim:TransformerWinding.r> <cim:TransformerWinding.x>0.78</cim:TransformerWinding.x> <cim:TransformerWinding.windingType>WindingType.primary </cim:TransformerWinding.windingType> <cim:Equipment.MemberOf_EquipmentContainer> <cim:VoltageLevel.BaseVoltage> <cim:BaseVoltage.nominaVoltage>400 </cim:BaseVoltage.nominalVoltage> </cim:VoltageLevel.BaseVoltage> </cim:Equipment.MemberOf_EquipmenContainer> </cim:PowerTransformer.Contains_TransformerWindings> <cim:PowerTransformer.Contains_TransformerWindings> <cim:TransformerWinding.r>0.46</cim:TransformerWinding.r> <cim:TransformerWinding.x>0.87</cim:TransformerWinding.x> <cim:TransformerWinding.windingType>WindingType.secondary </cim:TransformerWinding.windingType> <cim:Equipment.MemberOf_EquipmentContainer> <cim:VoltageLevel.BaseVoltage> <cim:BaseVoltage.nominaVoltage>275 </cim:BaseVoltage.nominalVoltage> </cim:VoltageLevel.BaseVoltage> </cim:Equipment.MemberOf_EquipmenContainer> </cim:PowerTransformer.Contains_TransformerWindings>

</cim:PowerTransformer>

91

XML Implementation Technologies

• XML Schema– Used for generation of message payloads for system

interfaces in system integration use cases• RDF Schema

– Used for exchange of power system models

92

Big Issue

• “Although we can swap our documents with each other through XML, we still haven’t a clue what they mean.”

» (“Professional XML Meta Data,” by Kal Ahmed, et al.)

• Resource Description Framework (RDF) Is W3C’s Means To Resolve This.

93

RDF Schema

• RDF Schema mechanism is a set of RDF resources (including properties) and constraints on their relationships

• Defines application-specific RDF vocabularies, for example CIM vocabulary

• RDF Schema URI unambiguously identifies a single version of a schema

[Courtesy Of Leila Schneburger]

94

Technical Approach

• RDF (Resource Description Framework) - Defines mechanism for describing resources that makes no assumptions about a particular application domain, nor defines the semantics of any application domain. The definition of the mechanism is domain neutral, yet the mechanism is suitable for describing information about any domain:– For more information: http://www.w3.org/RDF– Status: W3C Recommendation 22 February 1999

• http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-rdf-syntax/

• RDF Schema - Defines a schema specification language. Provides a basic type system for use in RDF models. It defines resources and properties such as Class and subClassOf that are used in specifying application-specific schemas:– Status: W3C Proposed Recommendation 03 March 1999

• http://www.w3.org/TR/PR-rdf-schema/

95

Technical Approach (Cont.)

• Namespaces - provide a simple method for qualifying element and attribute names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by URI references:– Status: WC3 Recommendation 14-January-1999

• http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/

• URI (Uniform Resource Identifiers)- provide a simple and extensible means for identifying a resource:– Status: Internet RFC August 1998

• ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2396.txt

96

CIM UML=>RDF Schema=>RDBMS

UML. RDF Relational Model

Object Resource Tuple (i.e. row)Attribute or association

Property Attribute (i.e. column) or foreign key

Class Class Relation (i.e. table)

Resource Description

Tuple value

URI Key value Value Field value

[Courtesy Of Leila Schneburger]

97

Simple Network Example

SS1

SS2

400KV

110KV

12345 MW

12345 KV

12345 MW

Cable1 Cable2

SS1-SS2

T1

BB1

SS4

Cable3

98

Simple Network Connectivity Modeled with CIM Topology

SS 1

Cable2

SS 2

110KV

400KV

Cable1 CN2CN3BR1DC2 CN4

P1(MW)

CN5

BB1

T 1

TW 1

TW 2

CN7

CN6

Volts(KV)

BR3

P2(MW)

CN1

SS1-SS2

Cable3

SS 4

CN8

BDD-RSK2

T1 T2

99

Siemens 100 Bus Network Model in RDF

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rdf:RDF xml:base="siemens" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:cim="http://iec.ch/TC57/2001/CIM-schema-cim10#"><cim:ACLineSegment rdf:ID="_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"><cim:Naming.name>BBD-RSK2</cim:Naming.name><cim:Conductor.bch>2.79</cim:Conductor.bch><cim:Conductor.x>4.3378</cim:Conductor.x><cim:Conductor.r>0.4761</cim:Conductor.r></cim:ACLineSegment><cim:Terminal rdf:ID="_EB6085D9DF364DA78A884D4D0A571371"><cim:Naming.name>T2</cim:Naming.name><cim:Terminal.ConnectivityNode rdf:resource="#_CC312D30C85C4236948A4129AEE3B5F7"/><cim:Terminal.ConductingEquipment rdf:resource="#_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"/></cim:Terminal><cim:Terminal rdf:ID="_7C8354E0DA247DBB3611E2E8BF8A86D"><cim:Naming.name>T1</cim:Naming.name><cim:Terminal.ConnectivityNode rdf:resource="#_D16FD63501444AECBF8157D1E4764E38"/><cim:Terminal.ConductingEquipment rdf:resource="#_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"/></cim:Terminal><cim:ACLineSegment rdf:ID="_E83B07FE54A945539A95FD2DB2CDD4FC"><cim:Naming.name>BKR-TUR</cim:Naming.name><cim:Conductor.bch>0.39</cim:Conductor.bch><cim:Conductor.x>4.1262</cim:Conductor.x><cim:Conductor.r>1.0051</cim:Conductor.r></cim:ACLineSegment><cim:Terminal rdf:ID="_E273D9258F9D42FCA018B274BE6F5FA6"><cim:Naming.name>T2</cim:Naming.name><cim:Terminal.ConnectivityNode rdf:resource="#_576B6D171B174B8BACB7AFF7289D0434"/><cim:Terminal.ConductingEquipment rdf:resource="#_E83B07FE54A945539A95FD2DB2CDD4FC"/></cim:Terminal><cim:Terminal rdf:ID="_B23175B9692441AFBD2C581E86300550"><cim:Naming.name>T1</cim:Naming.name><cim:Terminal.ConnectivityNode rdf:resource="#_A69ED82F4EB4B65A8840CDD1E064887"/><cim:Terminal.ConductingEquipment rdf:resource="#_E83B07FE54A945539A95FD2DB2CDD4FC"/></cim:Terminal><cim:Unit rdf:ID="_5EAAD38A446E429E9905FAC32070D6FC"><cim:Naming.name>Amperes</cim:Naming.name></cim:Unit><cim:ACLineSegment rdf:ID="_329884C01F6B4DC08492F711088538D6"><cim:Naming.name>CRS-ANY1</cim:Naming.name><cim:Conductor.bch>5.03</cim:Conductor.bch><cim:Conductor.x>12.90761</cim:Conductor.x><cim:Conductor.r>1.2696</cim:Conductor.r></

Top of RDF Schema version of Siemens 100 bus model

100

ACLineSegment in RDF

Siemens 100 bus model - RDF schema

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rdf:RDF xml:base="siemens" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:cim="http://iec.ch/TC57/2001/CIM-schema-cim10#">

<cim:ACLineSegment rdf:ID="_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"><cim:Naming.name>BBD-RSK2</cim:Naming.name><cim:Conductor.bch>2.79</cim:Conductor.bch><cim:Conductor.x>4.3378</cim:Conductor.x><cim:Conductor.r>0.4761</cim:Conductor.r>

</cim:ACLineSegment>

<cim:Terminal rdf:ID="_EB6085D9DF364DA78A884D4D0A571371"><cim:Naming.name>T2</cim:Naming.name><cim:Terminal.ConnectivityNode rdf:resource="#_CC312D30C85C4236948A4129AEE3B5F7"/><cim:Terminal.ConductingEquipment rdf:resource="#_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"/>

</cim:Terminal>

<cim:Terminal rdf:ID="_7C8354E0DA247DBB3611E2E8BF8A86D"><cim:Naming.name>T1</cim:Naming.name><cim:Terminal.ConnectivityNode rdf:resource="#_D16FD63501444AECBF8157D1E4764E38"/><cim:Terminal.ConductingEquipment rdf:resource="#_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"/>

</cim:Terminal>

101

ACLineSegment in RDF

Siemens 100 bus model - RDF schema

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rdf:RDF xml:base="siemens" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:cim="http://iec.ch/TC57/2001/CIM-schema-cim10#">

<cim:ACLineSegment rdf:ID="_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"><cim:Naming.name>BBD-RSK2</cim:Naming.name><cim:Conductor.bch>2.79</cim:Conductor.bch><cim:Conductor.x>4.3378</cim:Conductor.x><cim:Conductor.r>0.4761</cim:Conductor.r>

</cim:ACLineSegment>

<cim:Terminal rdf:ID="_EB6085D9DF364DA78A884D4D0A571371"><cim:Naming.name>T2</cim:Naming.name><cim:Terminal.ConnectivityNode rdf:resource="#_CC312D30C85C4236948A4129AEE3B5F7"/><cim:Terminal.ConductingEquipment rdf:resource="#_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"/>

</cim:Terminal>

<cim:Terminal rdf:ID="_7C8354E0DA247DBB3611E2E8BF8A86D"><cim:Naming.name>T1</cim:Naming.name><cim:Terminal.ConnectivityNode rdf:resource="#_D16FD63501444AECBF8157D1E4764E38"/><cim:Terminal.ConductingEquipment rdf:resource="#_6B1DD5C2CB934E86AC53FFD886E2D1B3"/>

</cim:Terminal>

102

Containment in RDFSubstation VOL with 230 KV voltage level and Bay 240W79 with Breaker CB

<cim:Substation rdf:ID="_277B2933524E43E19DAAF1D138DC62C4"><cim:Naming.name>VOL</cim:Naming.name><cim:Substation.LoadArea rdf:resource="#_BA2173878B0645A7AC8EA57B6249D537"/>

</cim:Substation>

<cim:VoltageLevel rdf:ID="_C20AF84C15E047218D75C47870C34C87"><cim:Naming.name>230K</cim:Naming.name><cim:VoltageLevel.MemberOf_Substation rdf:resource="#_277B2933524E43E19DAAF1D138DC62C4"/><cim:VoltageLevel.BaseVoltage rdf:resource="#_CF8BD1450E264399891F7FE5653D0760"/>

</cim:VoltageLevel>

<cim:BusbarSection rdf:ID="_5E0DBC09FE4D4A0DB902FEFF18AA4C30"><cim:Naming.name>VOL 2304</cim:Naming.name><cim:Equipment.MemberOf_EquipmentContainer rdf:resource="#_C20AF84C15E047218D75C47870C34C87"/>

</cim:BusbarSection>

Further down in document

Substation VOL with 230 KV voltage level and Bay 240W79 with Breaker CB

<cim:Bay rdf:ID="_7DBBA5E32C834B6AB08BB6FB07155D46"><cim:Naming.name>240W79</cim:Naming.name><cim:Bay.MemberOf_VoltageLevel rdf:resource="#_C20AF84C15E047218D75C47870C34C87"/>

</cim:Bay>

<cim:Breaker rdf:ID="_4A74B55420834E40B85F0304B6F9ADF8"><cim:Naming.name>CB</cim:Naming.name><cim:Switch.normalOpen>false</cim:Switch.normalOpen><cim:Equipment.MemberOf_EquipmentContainer rdf:resource="#_7DBBA5E32C834B6AB08BB6FB07155D46"/>

</cim:Breaker>

103

Measurement in RDF<cim:Measurement rdf:ID="_5B22599688AC4DE6B99FD8B13C1BA36F">

<cim:Naming.name>LN 1 MVAr</cim:Naming.name><cim:Measurement.MeasurementType rdf:resource="#_83D7B035901D4D2E80C040609D5ED7EC"/><cim:Measurement.Unit rdf:resource="#_61784D3DA1954750A4E09444BE5206CB"/>

</cim:Measurement>

<cim:MeasurementValue rdf:ID="_FF332A9A82FF43719AAF4E5DAFCFB9CD"><cim:Naming.aliasName>ICCP ID 24</cim:Naming.aliasName><cim:Naming.name>MVAr</cim:Naming.name><cim:MeasurementValue.MeasurementValueSource

rdf:resource="#_F0F5BA1CDE23483A8C80D20A4907A272"/><cim:MeasurementValue.MemberOf_Measurement rdf:resource="#_

5B22599688AC4DE6B99FD8B13C1BA36F"/></cim:MeasurementValue>

104

Implementation Syntax – WG13 61970

• Part 501 specifies the translation of the CIM in UML form into a machine readable format as expressed in the Extensible Markup Language (XML) representation of that schema using the Resource Description Framework (RDF) Schema specification language

– The resulting CIM RDF schema supports CIM Model Exchange specifications, as presented in IEC 61970-452 and others

• Part 552 describes the CIM XML format at a level for implementation to support the model exchange requirements in IEC 61970-452

– This standard relies upon the CIM RDF Schema of IEC 61970-501

105

Basics: Schema from CIM

EnterpriseArchitect

CIM (in UML)

UMLto RDF

Transformers

CIM asXML/RDFSchema

specifies

PowerSystem Data

Exporter

PowerSystem Data

as XML/RDF

106

How Are CIM Standards Used?

• Unlike most standards we use– Ex: ICCP/TASE.2 Communication Protocol standard– Fixed functionality, very stable, easy to test compliance, but inflexible

• CIM standards can be strictly applied and tested for compliance– Ex: CIM/XML Power system model exchange– Product interfaces can be developed and tested for compliance– Subject of several EPRI-sponsored interoperability tests for specific

interface definition

107

Example: Power Flow Network Model Exchange

CIM UML


Context

Message Syntax

Power SystemModel Profile

Group

CIM/RDFSchema

Information Model• Defines all concepts needed for

exchange of operational load flow models

– Reused parts– New extensions

Contextual layer restricts information model• Specifies which part of CIM is used for

static/dynamic model exchange• Mandatory and optional• Restrictions• But cannot add to information model

File syntax• Can re-label elements• Change associations to define single

structure for message payloads• Mappings to various technologies can

be defined

Conforms to IEC 61970-301 CIM

Conforms to IEC 61970-452, 453,

456, othersModel Exchange

Profile

Conforms to IEC 61970-501 and -552


108

Ex: Power Flow Network Model Exchange

Information Model• Defines all concepts needed for

exchange of operational load flow models

– Reused parts– New extensions

Contextual layer restricts information model• Specifies which part of CIM is used for

static model exchange• Mandatory and optional• Restrictions• But cannot add to information model



be defined

CIM UML

Profile

CIM/XML RDFSchema

ConcreteMessage

Conforms to IEC 61970-301 CIM

Conforms to IEC 61970-452

Model ExchangeProfile

Conforms to IEC 61970-552


109

How Are CIM Standards Used?

• Unlike most standards that we are used to– Ex: IDDP/TASE.2 Communication Protocol standard– Fixed functionality, very stable, easy to test compliance, but inflexible

• CIM standards can be strictly applied and tested for compliance– Ex: CIM/XML Power system model exchange– Product interfaces can be developed and tested for compliance– Subject of several EPRI-sponsored interoperability tests for specific

interface definition• CIM can also be used as a starter kit

– Basis for an Enterprise Semantic Model (ESM) which includes other models/semantics from other sources

– Ex: Sempra Information Model (SIM)– Interfaces are usually project-defined, so no standard tests– System interfaces are managed and tested for each project

110

GridWise Interoperability Framework

Role of CIM

111

Enterprise Semantic Models– CIM + Other Industry Standards

CIM UMLPrivate UMLExtensions

Merge – resolvesemantic

differences

Other Information

Models

Context

Message Syntax

Profile

SchemasXSD, RDFS,

DDL

Contextual layer restricts information model• Constrain or modify data types• Cardinality (may make mandatory)• Cannot add to information model

Message/data syntax describes format for instance data• Can re-label elements• Change associations to define single structure for message payloads• Mappings to various technologies can be defined

112

3) Generate Canonicals•Syntactically and semantically consistent canonical models

Semantic Consistency

1) Establish Vocabulary•Control Content•Collaborate•Identify and refine semantics

Semantic Formalization

Context Refinement

2) Develop ESM•Model using vocabulary terms•Refine context

Existing Terminologyand Metadata

Building and Using an ESM for GeneratingCanonicals (XSDs, DDLs, others)

Compliments Xtensible MD3i

113

Role of Enterprise Semantic Model

Enterprise Integration Platforms

Application Information

Process Integration

Business Intelligence

BPM/Workflow

EnterpriseSemantic

Model

Open Standards

ApplicationsMetadata

Bus

ines

sD

efin

ition

s

114

Let’s Apply to a Utility Project- Interface Architecture

CIM UMLCIM UMLExtensions

Context

Interface Syntax

Profile 1

MessageXML Schema

Profile 2

CIM/RDFSchema

Profile 3

DDL

BridgeOther

Information Models

System Interface Design

Document

Profile 1Profile 1

115

Ex: Project Interaction Test

Enterprise Semantic Model• Defines all concepts needed for

Enterprise– Reused parts– New extensions for project

ESM

Profile

XML Schema

ConcreteMessage

Conforms to Utility ESM

Conforms to Profiles defined

for each system interaction

Conforms to WSDLs and Message

XML Schemas

Contextual layer restricts ESM• Specifies which part of ESM is used for

specific system interaction• Mandatory and optional• Restrictions• But cannot add to information model



be defined

116

Project Integration Architecture

117

Data Architecture– Model

CIM

Semantic Model

XML SchemaDB Schema

CIS OTHERREFEFENCE MODELS

SEMPRA MODEL

MESSAGES

SCHEMAS

Business Entity

Business Entity

Business Entity

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Use of ESM to Implement a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)

• CAISO designed a new power market system– Multi-year program that involved many vendors, new systems, as

well as numerous legacy systems• Includes EMS, Full Network Model, Outage Management, PI

Historian, Market Systems, many others• External interfaces to Market Participants included

• Integration Competency Center decided on a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) for the integration framework– Require all new applications and systems to be “Integration

Ready” with service-enabled interfaces– Use only standard CAISO-defined services– Payloads based on the CIM– Based on Web services– CIM and Model Driven Integration (MDI) methodology used to

define information exchange

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Interface Examples:Interface Type Example Implemented

byUtilized by Description

Information Creation

submitBid(XML) Vendor Enterprise These interfaces are for creating or modifying information within a system of record.

Information Transfer

publishCleanBidSet(XML) CAISO Vendor These interfaces are for transferring information and releasing custody.

Information Interest

receiveCleanBidSet(XML) Vendor EAI These interfaces are implemented by vendors to allow systems to receive information as it becomes available. This indicates a subscription type interest in data.

Information Sharing

getResourceInfo(XML) XML

Vendor Enterprise These interfaces are implemented by the vendors to surface information currently within custody to the enterprise.

(Slide from Stipe Fustar, KEMA)

120

System A Integration Layer

PI

BITS

MC

broadcastMarketMeterDataWS

retrieveMarketMeterData WS

broadcastMarketMeterData

WSretrieveMarketInterchange

WS

receiveMarketMeterDataWS

receiveMarketMeterDataWS

broadcastInvoiceData WS

broadcastGeneralLedgerData WS

receiveInvoiceData WS

receiveGeneralLedgerData WS

broadcastStatusInvoiceDataWS

(Slide from Stipe Fustar, KEMA)

121(Slide from Stipe Fustar, KEMA)

122(Slide from Stipe Fustar, KEMA)

123

CAISO Project Statistics22 Systems• Dispatch System• MP Report Interface• Load Forecast• Transmission Capacity

Calculator• Real Time Nodal System• Settlement and Market

Clearing• Bid Interface and Validation

7 Vendors• Siemens - Market Systems• ABB - EMS system• Areva - Settlement System• Legacy - CAISO system• Nexant - Congestion

Revenue Rights System• MCG - Interchange

Scheduling System• Potomac - Default Energy

Bids

• Default Energy Bids• Real Time Metering• Adjusted Metering• Market Participants

– Bidding– Market Results– Settlement– Outage Scheduling– Dispatch Signals

• Forward Market NodalSystem

• EMS

• OASIS• Interchange Scheduling

System• Congestion Revenue Rights• Intermittent Resources• Compliance• RMR Validation• Generation Outage Scheduling• Transmission Outage

Scheduling• Market Quality System

(ATF updates)

Appr 130 integrations between the 22 systemsAppr 75 message schemasAppr 175 service definitionsAppr 450 publisher/consumer testable data transfers

between systems

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Pacificorp Use of CIM

• PacifiCorp is successfully using CIM to design both interfaces and databases– CIM was adopted in 1999 as PacifiCorp’s application integration standard – Used for both messaging and database design for new projects– Existing interfaces are reworked when the need arises

• Model Driven Integration based on the CIM viewed internally as “Best Practice”– Having a common vocabulary reduces semantic misinterpretation– Reusing messages minimizes integration costs– Minimal knowledge of internal application designs required– Xtensible MDI Workbench used for message creation, management, and

maintenance • CIM is here to stay

– CIM is standard design practice– PacifiCorp vendors are getting used to the idea– PacifiCorp’s data warehouse is based on the CIM– EMS/SCADA system (Ranger) uses a CIM-based data maintenance tool

125

CIM Scorecard – Examples of CIM useBusiness Units

Application/Project

Message(s) CIM Pct of message that is CIM

Power Delivery

Substation Measurements

IntervalRead, SubstationEquipment.Measurement MeasurementList 90%

Outage Center Call Handing

TroubleCalls, TroubleReportAlerts, TroubleReportDetails, TroubleReportSummary, Customer Info, Customer Balance, Customer Account Balance

OutageManagement 80%

Retail Access Project

RegisterReadRequest, BillDeterminant, CustDrop, Enroll.DACust, EnrollmentChange, NonDACust, Reg.ESSRegister, Register.ESS, ESStatusChange, SESSESSRelationshipChange, RegisterReadResponse, CnIConsumption, DAEnrollConsumption, EnrollmentChange, NonDAEnrollConsumption, ESSStatusChange

CustomerMeterDataSet,CustomerServiceAgreement,MeasurmentList,Document, ActivityRecord, CustomerBilling, BillingDeterminant

80%

Pole Attachment System

FacilityPoint, JointUse.Agreement, JointUse.Attachment, JointUse.Notice, JointNoticeRequest, FacilityPoint

AssetList 70%

Transmission Transmission Planned Outages

PlannedOutage.Change PlannedOutageNotification 50%

Transmission Wholesale Billing System

TransmissionData, STLossData, LTLossData, Scheduling.LoadData,ConsumptionData, InvoiceData

Settlement and MarketClearing 70%

EMS SCADA WeatherData MeasurementList 100%

126

CIM Scorecard Cont’dBusiness Units

Application/Project

Message(s) CIM Pct of message that is CIM

Power Supply/Generation

Availability Information System

GeoThermalPlantGeneration MeasurementList 60%

Hydro Information Website

FlowDisplay MeasurementList 100%

Generation Equipment Performance Work Management

SolutionNotification, Performance, SolutionProject, EquipmentGroupRepetitiveTasks, Inventory.StockingPlan, WorkHistoryDocument

WorkWorkHistory

90%

Commercial & Trading

CRS MarkToMarketData MarkToMarket (Not in CIM) 80%

California ISO interface

EDI810 Settlement 50%

Corporate Giving Campaign

EmployeeDetails, ContributionPayrollDetails Employee (erpPerson) 70%

Sarbanes Oxley Audit

ChangeAuditReport ChangeAudit (Not in CIM) 90%

127

Addressing Objections to the Use of the CIM Standards• Claim: CIM is not stable

– Fact: The CIM UML model is evolving as new applications are identified– Fact: Only small part of CIM information model is used for a given interface, so change of information model

unlikely to affect specific interface.– Solution: Version control - tie interface designs to project specifications, not directly to standard

• CIM is to complex too learn and contains many parts I do not need– Fact: The overall CIM UML model is large and complex– Reality: A typical interface requires only very small subset of information model

• CIM creates too much overhead in message content– Fact: Only instantiated concrete class/attributes are actually sent in a message instance– Reality: Message payload is no larger than any XML formatted message

• I don’t want to add in an extra step of converting to CIM for system integration– Fact: There is an extra step of mapping to CIM for one connection– Reality: Consequence of not mapping to a common language is solution that does not scale:

• n(n-1) instead of 2n connection mappings• I can’t expect my vendors to adopt the CIM model for their interface

– Fact: Only a few parts of the CIM need to be “Known” by the vendor– Reality: Approach is to specify the mappings to a common language (CIM) as part of the interface contract

• I don’t want to convert all my metadata to the CIM– Fact: CIM is a starter kit– Reality: Use CIM as appropriate for building your own ESM – far better than starting from scratch

• CIM does not contain everything I need or in the form I need for my interfaces– Fact: CIM UML is extensible– Reality: Many utilities still use the CIM as a starting point, using namespaces to maintain traceability

128

CIM Usage• Many EMS vendors support power system model exchange using CIM/RDF/XML,

some with CIM-based databases behind the scenes• EPRI has sponsored 12 interoperability tests for transmission model exchange and

service validation and more recently for planning and distribution• Utilities have implemented CIM-based integration using EAI technologies

– Utilities have used the CIM as the basis for developing common messages for integration• Asset and work management vendors as well as GIS application vendors are

supporting CIM/XSD standards• AMI (Smart Meter) projects use IEC 61968 Part 9 for meter related information

exchange• CIM has been extended into the power market, planning, and dynamic model

exchange• CIM provides a foundation for Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) and Web service

implementations• Vendors have developed tools to build CIM-based information exchange messaging,

ESB and OPC interfaces, and repository applications that can process CIM-aware data• MultiSpeak is converting to CIM-based UML models and XML• ENTSO_E is converting power model exchanges and day-ahead forecasts for

planning/operational applications to CIM based format– Second IOP conducted in July 2010 (first was UCTE IOP in March 2009)

• Many Smart Grid-related activities based on CIM– Separate presentations during week

129

CIM Acceptance• In use at dozens of utilities throughout world

– In North America, used at TSOs, RTO/ISOs, IOUs, and Distribution Utilities

– In Europe now being adopted by ENTSO-E and TOs• 80+ applications support CIM standards• 60+ suppliers sell application/products based on CIM

– See CIM Reference List for Details• Endorsed and used by other standards organizations

– Multispeak, Zigbee, HAN, ENTSO-E, NASBE, OASIS, etc. • Foundation for information exchange between utilities and/or other

external organizations• Foundation for Model-Driven Integration (MDI) architecture based on

Enterprise Information Model (EIM) within an enterprise• Key building block in Smart Grid to achieve interoperability

– 61968/70 are top 2 of 5 priority standards recognized by FERC in North America• CIM User Group to deal with questions and issues arising from

increased use

130

Where to Get More Information About the CIM and Related Standards• Visit CIM User Group (CIMug) Web Site

– http://cimug.ucaiug.org• Single site for gaining access to information about the CIM and related

standards– Includes all standards being developed by IEC TC57 Working Groups 13, 14, 16,

and 19• Now provide access to:

– Announcements of CIM-related activities and events – Calendar of activities – CIM electronic model in various formats – Lists of CIM-related tools and access to open source tools – Documents that are publicly available

• Draft IEC TC57 CIM standards for CIMug members – Lists of the CIMug working groups and works in progress as well as minutes of

meetings and conference calls – CIM issues lists and status of resolution – Help desk – Discussion forums – Links to other CIM-related sites

http://cimug.ucaiug.org/

131

Concluding Remarks

• Bottom line: CIM standards are different and much more powerful– Can be applied in many ways– Support many types of functions/applications through

combination of reuse and extension– Architecture supports future, unknown applications