Wednesday, August 12th

Bell-Ringer: Please pick up an SFI worksheet and review book from the back table. Quietly find your seat and look over the terms listed on the sheet.

Next, using your review book, begin identifying the terms on the worksheet and their historical

significance.

Daily Agenda:

• Bell-Ringer: SFI Previewing

• Discussion: Native American groups

• Lecture: Pre-Columbian America and European Exploration

• Debate: Columbus and the Americas

• Summarizer: EQ Review

Essential Questions: • How might the human

and physical environment in North America have been different without the introduction of European peoples?

Homework: Review bracketing dates for tomorrow’s quiz. In addition, read pgs. 21-33 in your textbook and complete Short Response Questions (Due Thursday).

Coded Note-Taking:

• Each of you will receive an article to review. • Carefully read the directions at the top of the

article. • As you read, I would like you to mark the text

according to the directions provided. • What did you learn about the Natives in the

region you were assigned?• Were all Native American groups the same?• What distinguished Native American groups

prior to European contact?• In the context of American history, why does

that matter?

First Americans and European Exploration

Unit 1.1 and 1.2

Who, When, from Where, Why?• What is the difference between immigration

and migration?• Long before Columbus , what is the story of

how people got to America?• Land Bridge over Bering Strait• Approx. 20-40 thousand years ago

Development of Civilization

• Hunter-gatherers• What did they do?

• Subsistence farmers

• Enough for who?

• City-States• In N & S America,

civilizations came about after there was a surplus of what crop?

Early Cultures in America• Olmec/Mayan in Yucatan Peninsula• Aztec is Central Mexico• Inca in South America• Anasazi and Hohokam – SW USA• Mississippian Culture

• Mound builders• Cahokia Mound (Illinois)• Crystal River

• Ancestors to modern tribes

What is the most important thing to know about the pre-Columbian Native Americans?

• There were hundreds/thousands of different nations.

• Not United!• How would that hurt

them against European invaders?

• One group loosely united – Iroquois

• Confederation (loose union) of tribes• Mohawk, Onondaga,

Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Tuscarora

Florida Tribes in 1492

• South Florida – Calusa

• Middle/NE – Timucua

• Panhandle – Apalachee• Plus other smaller

tribes

• If you were a Native America living in Citrus County 500 years ago, what area would be best to live?

• How would you live?

ExplorationUnit 1.2

Who came before Columbus?

• Besides the original Native Americans, one group from Europe - • Vikings

• Vineland, around 1000 A.D.• Why does it not really matter compared to

Columbus?

Portugal

• Prince Henry the Navigator – Started school, financed explorations

• Portugal would search for route to Asia around Africa

• Later Treaty of Tordesillas between Portugal and Spain.• Why would the Pope want this in 1494?• What was the problem with it?

1492 Who sailed the Ocean blue?• 1492 - Columbus changes history.• Columbian Exchange

• New things in new places.• What are some new things to the New World?• What are some new things to the Old World?• What major agricultural products came to Florida that

were not here before Columbus?

Spanish in the Americas• Conquistadores and the three Gs – Gold, Glory,

and God• Cortes and the Aztecs• Repeating theme for Native Americans:

• What happened to them once they met Europeans?

• Encomienda System – demanded labor (feudal-like)• What was the problem with Native Americans for labor?• What was the solution?

Spanish in Florida (and Citrus Co.)• Ponce de Leon – 1513. What happened on his 2nd

trip?• What is he truly looking for?• Pánfilo de Narváez – 1527

• Hernando de Soto – 1539• St. Augustine (first city established in future US)• Pensacola and missions

• Why did the Spanish establish those towns in Florida?

Spanish in the Southwest

• Santa Fe established as capital of New Mexico in 1609.

• Harsh treatment of Native Americans led to Pueblo Rebellion • Led by Pope in 1680

• California missions in response to Russian Alaska settlement

Taking Sides:

• Consider the following statement:

Christopher Columbus should be celebrated as a hero for his role in the development of Western Civilization.

• If you agree with the statement, move to the front of the classroom.

• If you disagree with the statement, move to the back of the classroom.

• Be prepared to defend your position.

French in the Americas• Would settle in future Canada, Great Lakes area,

and Mississippi River valley. New France• Explorers – Champlain, Jolliet, Marquette, La Salle• What was their major source of income?• How was their treatment of Native Americans

different from other Europeans? Why?

The Dutch and Swedish • Established trading

posts called Patroons

• In New Netherlands• Now New York• New Amsterdam –

NYC• Many financial ideas

start• Port Orange – Albany

• How was the treatment of Native Americans by the Dutch?

• Swedish settle in current N.J. area• Taken over by Dutch• Bring to America the

log cabin

Early British Exploration

• Sir Francis Drake and raids on Spanish• John Cabot and the search for the Northwest

Passage • Defeat of Spanish Armada in 1588 open door for

English• Roanoke – “The Lost Colony” – founded in 1587

• Virginia Dare – 1st English child born in North America• What happened to it?

• Croatan

Jamestown - 1607• Virginia Company / London Company

• Joint-stock company – purpose is to make $$$• What were they looking for?

• John Smith• Powhattan and his daughter (who is that?)

• Starving Time (1609/10)• Saved (economically) by John Rolfe and his “brown

gold”• Virginia Company later bankrupted, Virginia became

the 1st royal colony.

Homework:Please read and take notes on pgs. 21-33 in your textbook tonight. In addition, please complete the short answer questions worksheet. This assignment is due on Thursday.