henlelatinhelps.files.wordpress.com · Web viewHENLE LATIN. FIRST YEAR LATIN. SEMESTER 2 STUDENT WORKBOOK . ANSWER KEY . CHALLENGE A. Exercises 118 - 185. Semester 2: Week 1: 118-122,

HENLE LATINFIRST YEAR LATIN

SEMESTER 2 STUDENT WORKBOOK

ANSWER KEY CHALLENGE A

Exercises 118 - 185

Semester 2:

Week 1: 118-122, 125Week 2: 126, 127, 129, 130Week 3: 131-133Week 4: 135-138Week 5: 139, 140, 142Week 6: 144-147Week 7: 150-152Week 8: 153-155Week 9: 158-160, 162Week 10: 163-165, 167Week 11: 168-171Week 12: 172-175 from lessons 13 and 14Week 13: 176, 177, 179, 180 from lessons 14 and 15Week 14: 182-185Week 15: Finish translating any assigned lines from Exercise 181 “A Dream of Judgment” and come prepared to perform it in seminar

Semester 2 Week 1

Week 1: 118-122, 125

Exercise 118 - (pg 110)

Tell what these forms are; Translate.

1. portābat - imperfect, he was carrying

2. ōrābant - imperfect, they were praying

3. occupābant – imperfect, they were seizing

4. pugnābant – imperfect, they were fighting

5. laudābās – imperfect, you were praising

6. laudābat – imperfect, he/she/it was praising

7. superābant - imperfect, they were conquering

8. superābat – imperfect, he/she/it was conquering

9. laudābam – imperfect, I was praising

10. laudābāmus – imperfect, we were praising

11. pugnābat – imperfect, he/she/it was fighting

12. laudābant – imperfect, they were praising

13. portābant – imperfect, they were carrying

14. parābant – imperfect, they were preparing, getting ready

S2W1

Exercise 119 (pg 110) 1. Point out the imperfects by identifying the tense sign;2. Point out the third-person plural verbs by identifying the final personal sign;3. Translate.

NOTE: All Latin words which end in –nt are VERBS in the THIRD PERSON PLURAL

1. oppugnābant – imperfect, tense sign – ba; third person plural, final sign – nt – they were attacking

2. portat – he/she/it carries

3. pugnant - third person plural, final sign – nt; they fight

4. parābat - imperfect, tense sign – ba; he/she/it was preparing

5. pugnat - he/she/it fights

6. laudābant - imperfect, tense sign – ba; third person plural, final sign – nt; they were praising

7. superant - third person plural, final sign – nt; they

8. superat - he/she/it conquers

9. occupābat - imperfect, tense sign – ba; he/she/it was seizing

10. portant - third person plural, final sign – nt; they carry

11. portābant - imperfect, tense sign – ba; third person plural, final sign – nt; they were carrying

12. laudās – you praise

13. parāmus – we prepare

14. occupant - third person plural, final sign – nt; they seize

15. ōrābat - imperfect, tense sign – ba; he/she/it was praying

16. laudābātis - imperfect, tense sign – ba; you were praising

17. oppugnābat - imperfect, tense sign – ba; he/she/it was attacking

18. parābās - imperfect, tense sign – ba; you were preparing

S2W1Exercise 120 (pg 111)

1. Add the correct final personal signs2. Translate

1. Equitēs fortēs cum magnō hostium numerō pugnābant. – The brave cavalry was fighting with a great

number of the enemy (against a large force of the enemy). .

2. Chrīstiānī Chrīstum, rēgem omnium gentium, laudābant. Christians were praising Christ, the King of

all nations.

3. Centuriōnēs frūmentum nōn portābant. The centurions were not carrying the grain.

4. Altus mōns collēs superābat. A high mountain surpasses (rises above) the hills.

5. Populus Rōmānus victōriās legiōnum reliquārum laudābat. The Roman people were praising the

victories of the remaining legions.

6. Chrīstiānī bonī prō frātribus ōrābant. Good Christians were praying for their brothers.

7. Equitātus Rōmānus Gallōs virtūte (in courage) superābat. The Roman cavalry was surpassing the

Gauls in courage.

8. Magnus centuriōnum numerus in prīmā aciē pugnābat. A great number of centurions were fighting

in the first battle line.


Translate:

1. The slaves were carrying the grain into the towns.

Servī in oppida frūmentum portābant.

2. The Roman legions were fighting with the tribes of Gaul.

Legiōnēs Rōmānae cum gentibus Galliae pugnābant.

3. The cavalry were conquering a large number of Gauls.

Equitēs magnum numerum Gallōrum superābant.

Equitātus magnum numerum Gallōrum superābat.

4. The centurion was fighting in the first battle line.

Centuriō in prīmā aciē pugnābat.

5. Caesar was overcoming the enemy.

Caesar hostēs superābat.


Identify the final personal signs; Translate.

1. laudābam - (m) – 1st person sing; I was praising

2. portābat – (t) – 3rd person sing; he/she/it was carrying

3. laudābātis – (tis) – 2nd person plural; you were praising

4. ōrābat - (t) – 3rd person sing; he/she/it was praying

5. superat - (t) – 3rd person sing; he/she/it conquers

6. parābat - (t) – 3rd person sing; he/she/it was preparing

7. portat - (t) – 3rd person sing; he/she/it carries

8. superant – (nt) – 3rd person plural; they are conquering (they conquer)

9. oppugnābat - (t) – 3rd person sing; he/she/it was attacking

10. pugnābat - (t) – 3rd person sing; he/she/it was fighting

11. laudābās – (s) – 2nd person sing; you were praising

12. pugnābant - (nt) – 3rd person plural; they were fighting

13. portant - (nt) – 3rd person plural; they carry

14. occupābat - (t) – 3rd person sing; he/she/it was seizing

15. parābant – (nt) – 3rd person plural; they were preparing


Tell what these forms are; Translate.

All are future indicative active (f. i. a.)

1. superābit – 3rd person sing, f. i. a., he/she/it will conquer

2. laudābō – 1st person sing; f. i. a. – I will praise

3. dabō - 1st person sing; f. i. a. – I will give

4. parābunt – 3rd person plural, f.i.a. – they will prepare

5. laudābunt– 3rd person plural, f.i.a. – they will praise

6. occupābitis - – 2nd person plural, f.i.a. – you will seize

7. dabis – 2nd person singular, f.i.a. – you will give

8. laudābis - 2nd person singular, f.i.a. – you will praise

9. pugnābimus - 1st person plural, f. i. a., We will fight

10. laudābit - 3rd person sing, f. i. a., he/she/it will praise

11. laudābitis - 2nd person plural, f.i.a. – you will praise

12. vocābis - 2nd person singular, f.i.a. -you will call

13. laudābimus – 1st person plural, f. i. a., - We will praise

14. vocābunt - – 3rd person plural, f.i.a. – they will call

15. superābit - - 3rd person sing, f. i. a., he/she/it will conquer

16. pugnābunt - – 3rd person plural, f.i.a. – they will fight

17. dabitis - 2nd person plural, f.i.a. – you will give

18. vocābit - - 3rd person sing, f. i. a., he/she/it will call

Semester 2 Week 2

Week 2: 126, 127, 129, 130


Translate

1. Omnibus gentibus Deus vēritātem dabit.

God will give truth to all nations.

2. Interim imperātor centuriōnēs in hīberna vocābit.

Meanwhile, the commander in chief will call the centurions into winter quarters.

3. Deus hominēs sānctōs post mortem in Caelum vocābit.

God will call holy men into Heaven after death.

4. Prīncipēs (reliquārum gentium) (propter mortis metum) frūmentum Rōmanīs dabunt.

On account of the fear of death the chiefs of the remaining tribes will give grain to the Romans.

The chiefs of the remaining tribes will give grain to the Romans because of the fear of death.

5. Servī frūmentum in hīberna portābunt.

The servants/slaves will carry the grain into winter quarters.

6. Centuriō prīncipēs in hīberna vocābit.

The centurion will call the leading men into winter quarters.


Translate

1. We shall praise God (in Heaven).

In Caelō Deum laudābimus.

2. Bad kings will prepare for war. (Omit for in Latin.)

Rēgēs malī bellum parābunt.

3. You will praise Rome.

Rōmām laudābis.

4. I shall praise the Lord God (of Hosts). (Hosts=armies.)

Dominum Deum exercituum laudābō.

5. God will give great rewards (to all good men).

Omnibus hominibus bonīs Deus magna praemia dabit.

Deus magna praemia omnibus hominibus bonīs dabit.

6. Caesar will call the soldiers (into the winter quarters).

Caesar mīlitēs in hīberna vocābit.

7. After the death of Caesar, the Gauls were servants of the Romans.

Post mortem Caesaris, Gallī servī Rōmānōrum erant.

8. Meanwhile the centurion will call the legions into the battle line.

Interim centuriō in aciem legiōnēs vocābit.

S2W2


Translate

1. Quis Caesarem (post caedem prīncipum Galliae) laudābit? Who will praise Caesar after the

slaughter of the leading men of Gaul?

2. Cūr senātum vocās? Why do you call the Senate?

3. Ubi sunt hīberna hostium? Where are the enemy’s winter quarters?

4. Quis Deum nōn laudat? Who does not praise God?

5. Ubi sunt cōpiae Rōmānae? Where are the Roman troops?

6. Cūr locō aliēnō castra posuērunt? Why did they pitch camp in an unfavorable place?

7. Cūr urbēs aliēnās occupat? Why does he seize the foreign cities?

8. Cūr gentēs aliēnae bellum parābant? Why were the foreign troops preparing for war?

9. Cūr omnia loca occupābat? Why was he seizing every place?

S2W2

Exercise 130 (pg 115)

Translate

1. Why were the soldiers fighting in an unfavorable place?

Cūr mīlitēs locō aliēnō pugnābant?

2. Who will surpass the great general Caesar?

Quis magnum imperātōrem Caesarem superābit?

3. What were they preparing?

Quid parābant?

4. Who is seizing foreign harbors and cities?

Quis portūs et urbēs aliēnās occupat?

5. Where will they fight at dawn?

Ubi prīmā lūce pugnābunt?

6. A man eager for fame does not praise another’s courage.

Homō cupidus glōriae virtūtem aliēnam nōn laudat.

Semester 2 Week 3

Week 3: 131-133


1. Translate;2. Write Latin answers for all the questions to which no answers are given.

1. Cūr Deum laudāmus?

Why do we praise God?

Ans. Deum laudāmus quod Deus bonus est et Dominus Caelī et terrae.

We praise God because God is good and is the Lord of Heaven and earth.

2. Cūr Rōmānī cum Gallīs pugnābant?

Why were the Romans fighting with the Gauls?

Ans. Rōmānī cum Gallīs propter caedem centuriōnum pugnābant.

The Romans were fighting with the Gauls on account of slaughter of the centurions.

3. Cūr Caesarem Rōmānī laudābant?

Why were the Romans praising Caesar?

Ans. - (Answers may vary) Rōmānī Caesarem laudābant quod erat dux fortis.

The Romans were praising Caesar because he was a brave leader.

S2W3

131 cont.

4. Cūr Chrīstiānī Spīritum Sānctum laudant?

Why do Christians praise the Holy Spirit?

Ans. (Answers may vary) - Chrīstiānī Spīritum Sānctum laudant quod Deus est. Christians praise

the Holy Spirit because He is God.

5. Cūr Chrīstiānī Marīam laudant?

Why do Christians praise Mary?

Ans. (Answers may vary) Chrīstiānī Marīam laudant quod māter Chrīstī est. Christians praise

Mary because she is the mother of Christ.

6. Cūr ōrāmus in nōmine Jēsū Chrīstī?

Why do we pray in the name of Jesus Christ?

Ans. (Answers may vary) In nōmine Jēsū Chrīstī ōrāmus quod salūs mundī est. We pray in the

name of Jesus Christ because He is the salvation of the world.

7. Quis magnam frūmentī cōpiam portābat?

Who was carrying the large supply of grain?

Ans. Servus magnam frūmentī cōpiam portābat.

The slave was carrying the large supply of grain.

8. Quid parat dux bonus?

What does a good leader prepare?

Ans. Dux bonus parat gladiōs et frūmentī cōpiam portābat.

A good leader prepares swords and a supply of grain.

S2W3Exercise 131 cont.

9. Quis prō duce bonō pugnābit?

Who will fight for a good leader?

Ans. (Answers may vary) Mīlitēs fortēs prō duce bonō pugnābunt. Brave soldiers will fight for a good leader.

10. Quis servum vocābat?

Who was calling the slave/servant?

Ans. Dominus servum vocābat.

The master was calling the slave/servant.

11. Quis erat imperātor Rōmānōrum in Galliā?

Who was commander in chief of the Romans in Gaul?

Ans. - Caesar imperātor Rōmānōrum in Galliā erat. Caesar was commander in chief of the

Romans in Gauls.

12. Quis magna praemia hominibus bonīs dabit?

Who will give great rewards to good men?

Ans. (Answers may vary) Deus magna praemia hominibus bonīs dabit.

13. Quid in bellō occupant ducēs bonī?

In war what do good leaders seize?

Ans. (Answers may vary) In bellō ducēs bonī montēs et collēs, portūs et pontēs occupant. In war

good leaders seize mountains and hills, harbors and bridges.

14. Quis est Chrīstus?

Who is Christ?

Ans. (Answers may vary) Chrīstus Fīlius Deī est. Christ is the son of God.


15. Quis ōrat prō omnibus hominibus?

Who prays for all men?

Ans. (Answers may vary) Chrīstus prō omnibus hominbus ōrat. Christ prays for all men.

16. Ubi nunc ōrat Marīa?

Where does Mary now pray?

Ans. Marīa nunc ōrat in Caelō.

Mary now prays in Heaven.

17. Ubi est Deus?

Where is God?

Ans. Deus est in Caelō et terrā et omnī locō.

God is in Heaven and on earth and in every place.

18. Ubi Caesar pugnābat?

Where was Caesar fighting?

Ans. (Answers may vary) - Caesar in Gallia pugnabat. Caesar was fighting in Gaul.

19. Ubi sunt impedīmenta Rōmānōrum?

Whre is the Romans’ baggage train?

Ans. (Answers may vary) - Impedīmenta Rōmānōrum in ponte sunt. The Romans’ baggage train is on the bridge.

20. Ubi Deus praemium hominibus sānctīs post mortem dabit?

Where will God give a reward to holy men after death?

Ans. (Answers may vary) - Deus praemium hominibus sānctīs in Caelō post mortem dabit. God

will give a reward to holy men in Heaven after death.

S2W3Exercise 132 -(pg 117)

Translate.

1. Pugnābantne semper Rōmānī?

Were the Romans always fighting?

2. Parābantne frūmentum post longum iter?

Were they preparing grain after the long march?

3. Montēs et silvās et flūmina Galliae laudābitis.

You will praise the mountains and the forests and the rivers of Gaul.

4. Pugnābantne in itinere Rōmānī cum Gallīs?

Were the Romans fighting with the Gauls on the march?

5. Erantne post bellum multa corpora in flūminibus et silvis?

After the war were there many bodies in the rivers and in the forests?

6. Suntne impedīmenta et legiōnēs in agmine?

Are the baggage train and the legions in the column?

7. Laudābāsne nōmen Marīae?

Were you praising the name of Mary?

8. Propter vulnera longum iter nōn fēcērunt.

On account of wounds they did not make a long march.

Because of their wounds, they did not make a long march.

9. Superatne exercitus Rōmānus Gallōs?

Does the Roman army surpass/conquer the Gauls?

10. Ōrābantne semper hominēs sāncti?

Were holy men always praying?


11. Lēgem et vēritātem Chrīstī semper laudābō.

I will always praise the law and the truth of Christ.

12. Datne imperātor signum?

Is the commander in chief giving the signal?

13. Dantne Rōmānī cōpiam frūmentī Gallīs post ōrātiōnem prīncipis?

After the speech of the chief are the Romans giving the Gauls a supply of grain?

14. Vocābitne prīmā lūce centuriō equitēs?

Will the centurion call the cavalry at dawn?

15. Ōrantne Chrīstiānī in nōmine Chrīstī?

Do Christians pray in the name of Christ?

16. Fēcēruntne semper Gallī impetum in agmina Rōmānōrum?

Did the Gauls always make an attack against the columns of the Romans?

17. Eratne magnus pōns in altō flūmine?

Was there a long bridge over the deep river?

18. Oppugnābantne Gallī hīberna?

Were the Gauls attacking the winter quarters?

19. Victōriam et glōriam Chrīstī laudābāmus.

We were praising the victory and glory of Christ.

20. Laudābatne imperātor centurīonem propter magnam virtūtem et multa vulnera?

Was the commander in chief praising the centurion on account of his great courage and many wounds?

21. Dantne rēgēs magna praemia amīcīs?

Do kings give great rewards to their friends?


22. Occupābitne collēs?

Will he seize the hills?

23. Interim, propter grātiam Caesaris, Gallī frūmentum in hīberna portant.

Meanwhile, on account of the favor of Caesar, the Gauls are carrying grain into the winter quarters.

24. Ōrabatne nauta propter vulnerum metum?

Was the sailor praying on account of fear of wounds? Was the sailor praying because of the fear of wounds?

25. Parābatne dux frūmentum et gladiōs?

Was the leader preparing grain and swords?

26. Chrīstum, Rēgem glōriae, laudābimus.

We will praise Christ, the King of glory.

27. Quis loca occupābat?

Who was seizing the places?

28. Pugnābatne equitātus in silvīs?

Was the cavalry fighting in the forest(s)?

29. Portābantne servī magnum gladiōrum numerum?

Were the slaves carrying a great number of swords?

30. Propter metum vulnerum et mortis, nautae et mīlitēs in bellō semper ōrant.

On account of the fear of wounds and death, the sailors and soldiers always pray in war.

31. Deus ōrātiōnēs multōrum Chrīstiānōrum audīvit.

God heard the prayers of many Christians.

32. Pugnābantne equitēs locō aliēnō et angustō?

Was the cavalry fighting in an unfavorable and narrow place?

S2W3Exercise 133 - (pg 119)

Translate

1. Do you always praise the names of Jesus and Mary?

Laudāsne semper nōmina Jēsū et Marīae?

2. Shall we praise God in heaven?

Laudābimusne Deum in Caelō?

3. Christians pray always, as Christ advised1 his2 friends.

Chrīstiānī semper ōrant, sīcut Chrīstus amīcōs suōs monuit.

1. advised: monuit 2. his: suus, a, um.

4. On account of the prayers of Christians, God will give grace to many men.

Propter ōratiōnēs Chrīstianōrum Deus multīs hominibus grātiam dabit.

5. On account of the general’s speech, the chiefs of the tribes will prepare (for) war.

Propter ōrātiōnem imperātōris prīncipēs gentium bellum parābunt.

6. In the beginning of the war the Romans were conquering the enemy.

In prīncipiō bellī Rōmānī hostēs superābant.

7. Are there many long and renowned rivers in America1?

Suntne multa flūmina longa et nōbilia in Americā?

1. America; America, ae

8. Was the journey long and difficult?

Eratne iter longum et difficile?

9. On account of the many serious wounds of the soldiers, the army made1 a short march into

winter quarters.

Propter multa et gravia vulnera mīlitum exercitus iter breve in hīberna fēcit.

1. made: fēcit

10. Was the route full of dangers?

Eratne iter plēnum perīculōrum?

S2W3

Exercise 133 cont.

11. Were the columns of Caesar safe in Gaul?

Erantne agmina Caesaris tūta in Galliā?

12. Will God call all good men into heaven after death?

Vocābitne post mortem in Caelum Deus omnēs hominēs bonōs (sānctōs)?

13. Was the place unfavorable?

Eratne locus aliēnus?

14. What were the Roman slaves begging (for)? (Omit for in Latin)

Quid servī Rōmānī ōrābant?

15. Was there a large number of slaves in the Roman Empire?

Eratne in imperiō Rōmānō magnus servōrum numerus?

16. Were the Romans conquering all the tribes of Gaul?

Superābatne Rōmānī omnēs gentēs Galliae?

17. The slaves were carrying the body of the chief.

Servī corpus prīncipis portābant.

18. Will American sailors and soldiers seize foreign harbors and cities?

Occupābuntne nautae et mīlitēs Americānī portūs et urbēs aliēnās?

American: Americānus, a, um

19. A Roman column was assaulting the camp.

Agmen Rōmānum castra oppugnābat.

20. Meanwhile, where were the remaining Gauls fighting?

Interim ubi reliquī Gallī pugnābant?

Semester 2 Week 4Week 4: 135 - 138 LESSON 10Exercise 135 (pg 121)1. Tell what these forms are; 2. Give three English meanings for each form:

All of the following are present indicative active (p.i.a)

1. timet - 3rd person sing; p.i.a. – he/she/it fears, is fearing, does fear

2. moneō – 1st person sing; p.i.a. – I warn, am warning, do warn (advise)

3. monēs - 2nd person sing, p.i.a – you warn, are warning, do warn (advise)

4. terrent – 3rd person plural, p.i.a. – they terrify, are terrifying, do terrify

5. monētis – 2nd person plural, p.i.a. – you advise, are advising, do advise (warn)

6. monet – 3rd person sing; p.i.a.- he/she/it advises, is advising, does advise (warn)

7. habet - 3rd person sing; p.i.a. - he/she/it has, is having, does have

8. timent - 3rd person plural, p.i.a. – they fear, are fearing, do fear

9. monēmus – 1st person plural, p.i.a. – we warn, are warning, do warn (advise)

10. monent – 3rd person plural, p.i.a. – they advise, are advising, do advise (warn)

11. terret – 3rd person sing; p.i.a. – he/she/it terrifies, is terrifying, does terrify

12. habent - 3rd person plural, p.i.a. – they have, are having, do have


1. Tell what these forms are;

2. Translate:

All of the following are imperfect indicative active (i.i.a)

1. monēbant - 3rd person plural, i.i.a – they were warning

2. terrēbat – 3rd person singular, i.i.a. – he/she/it was terrifying

3. monēbam – 1st person singular, i.i.a. – I was advising (warning)

4. habēbant - 3rd person plural, i.i.a - they were having

5. timēbant - 3rd person plural, i.i.a - they were fearing

6. monēbātis -2nd person plural, i.i.a. - you were advising (warning)

7. monēbāmus – 1st person plural, i.i.a. – We were advising (warning)

8. timēbat - 3rd person singular, i.i.a. - he/she/it was fearing

9. monēbās – 2nd person singular, i.i.a. – you were advising (warning)

10. monēbat – 3rd person singular, i.i.a. – he/she/it was advising (warning)

11. terrēbant – 3rd person plural, i.i.a - they were terrifying

12. habēbat - 3rd person singular, i.i.a. – he/she/it was having

S2W4


1. Tell what forms these are;2. Translate:

All of the following are future indicative active (f.i.a)

1. monēbunt – 3rd person plural, f.i.a. – they will

2. timēbō – 1st person singular, f.i.a. – I will fear

3. monēbis – 2nd person singular, f. i. a. – you will advise (warn)

4. monēbitis - 2nd person plural, f. i. a. – you will advise (warn)

5. monēbit – 3rd person singular, f.i.a. – he/she/it will advise (warn)

6. monēbō - 1st person singular, f.i.a. – I will advise (warn)

7. habēbit - 3rd person singular, f.i.a. – he/she/it will have

8. terrēbunt - 3rd person plural, f.i.a. – they will terrify

9. timēbimus – 1st person plural, f.i.a. – we will fear

S2W4

Exercise 138 -(pg 122)

Translate:

1. Timēs. You fear.

2. Ducem monēbit. He will advise the leader. 3. Hostēs terrēbat. He was terrifying the enemy.

4. Frātrem monēbant. They were advising the brothers.

5. Imperium habent. They have command.

6. Populum terrent. They terrify the people.

7. Partem habēbat. He was having a part.

8. Equitātum timēbitis. You will fear the cavalry.

Semester 2 Week 5

Week 5: 139, 140, 142


1. Fill in the required personal signs;2. Translate:

1. Clāmor hostium mīlitēs Rōmānōs nōn terret, quod Rōmānī fortēs sunt.

The shouting of the enemy does not terrify the Roman soldiers because the Romans are brave.

2. Multī hominēs in pāce fortēs sunt; in bellō autem hostēs timēbunt.

Many men are brave in peace; in war, however, they will fear the enemy.

3. Servī propter metum dominum monēbunt.

On account of fear the slaves will warn the master.

4. Metus Deī hominēs malōs terret.

Fear of God terrifies bad men.

5. Propter grātiam Caesaris Gallī Rōmānōs monēbant.

On account of the favor of Caesar, the Gauls were warning the Romans.

To gain favor with Caesar, the Gauls were warning the Romans.

6. Omnēs hominēs vulnera et mortem timent.

All men fear wounds and death.

7. Legiōnēs magnam armōrum cōpiam habēbant.

The legions had a large supply of arms.

S2W5


Translate:

1. Omnēs hominēs rēs difficilēs timent.

All men fear difficult things.

2. Propter rem gravem centuriōnēs imperātōrem monēbunt.

On account of a serious affair, the centurions will warn the general.

3. Clāmor hostium locīs difficilibus et angustīs legiōnēs terret.

The shouting of the enemy in difficult and narrow places terrifies the legions.

4. Rēx malus rēs aliēnās habet.

A bad king has unfavorable affairs.

5. Populus Rōmānus perīcula gravia et rēs difficulēs nōn timēbat.

The Roman people were not afraid of serious dangers or difficult things.

The Roman people were not fearing serious dangers or difficult things.

6. Multae gentēs arma nōn habent.

Many tribes do not have arms.

S2W5

Exercise 142 (pg 123) - QUIZ [Honor Work]

PEARL HARBOR

Portus Margaīitārius.

The enemy were always preparing (for) war because they were eager for empire and fame and victory.

Hostēs semper bellum parābant, quod cupidī imperiī et glōriae et victōriae erant.

However, they were fearing the American forces, they were fearing the American sailors and soldiers.

Copiās Americānās autem timēbant; nautās et mīlitēs Americānōs timēbant.

American: Americānus, a um.

The leading men of the enemy were warning and terrifying the nation:

Prīncipēs hostium populum monēbant et terrēbant:

"The Amercians were eager for empire.

“Americānī cupidī imperiī sunt.

Americans: Americānī, Americānōrum

They have a large supply of arms and a large supply of sailors and soldiers.

Magnam armōrum copiam et magnum nautārum et mīlitum numerum habent.

They will attack the harbors and the towns.

Portūs et oppida oppugnābunt.

And so we shall prepare a supply of arms and of all things.

Itaque copiam armōrum et omnium rērum parābimus.


And fight with the legions of the enemy and we shall conquer."

Cum legiōnibus hostium pugnābimus et superābimus.”

And so they were preparing (for) war.

Itaque bellum parābant.

In America, however, there was peace.

In Americā autem erat pāx.

America: America, ae.

The American people were not eager for war; the generals were not desirous of the glory of war.

Populus Americānus cupidus bellī nōn erat; imperātōrēs cupidī glōriae bellī nōn erant.

American: Americānus, a um.

Not many leading men were warning the Senate and the people.

Nōn multī prīncipēs senātum et populum monēbant.

On December 7, 1941, the enemy made an attack on Pearl Harbor.

Ante diem septimum Idūs Decembrēs, 1941, hostēs impetum in Portum Margarītārium fēcērunt.

December 7, 1941: ante diem septimum Idūs Decembrēs, 1941Pearl: Margarītārius, a um.

They killed many sailors and soldiers. There was war!

Multōs nautās et mīlitēs occīdērunt. Bellum erat!

Now, however, we are conquering the enemy; we are terrifying the tribes of Japan.

Nun autem hostēs superāmus; gentēs Japōniae terrēmus.

Japan: Japōnia, ae.


Brave sailors and soldiers are fighting for America.

Nautae et mīlitēs fortēs prō Americā pugnant.

They are fighting in places unfavorable and fuill of great dangers; but they are eager now for

victoria, the reward of courage.

In locīs aliēnīs et plēnīs magnōrum perīculōrum pugnant; sed cupidī victōriae, praemiī virtūtis, nunc sunc.

They will conquer the enemy!

Superābunt hostēs!

Semester 2 Week 6

Week 6: 144-147

LESSON 11


1. Tell what forms these are;2. Translate

1. videt – 3rd person singular, pres. ind. active - he/she/it sees.

2. meī - genitive singular – of me, of myself

3. vidēbimus – 1st person plural, future ind. active – we will see

4. ego - nominative singular – I

5. mihi – dative singular – to me, to myself

6. vidēbat – 3rd person singular, imperfect ind. active – he was seeing

7. nōbīs – dative plural – to us; ablative plural – by us

8. vidēbant – 3rd person plural; imperfect ind. active – they were seeing

9. nōs – nominative plural – we; accusative plural - us

10. vident - 3rd person plural, pres. ind. active – they see

11. vidēbit – 3rd person singular; future ind. active – he/she/it will see

12. mē - accusative singular – me; ablative singular – by me

S2W6


An imaginary letter from a centurion named Marcus, serving with Caesar inGaul, to his mother.

Translate:

Mārcus Centuriō Rōmānus Mātrī Salūtem Dat.

Marcus, a Roman centurion, gives his mother greeting.

Ego nunc cum exercitū in Galliā sum.

I am now with the army in Gaul.

Magnus exercitus in Galliā est quod Gallī cum Rōmānīs pugnant.

There is a large army in Gaul because the Gauls are fighting with the Romans.

Caesar, homō fortis, est imperātor omnium legiōnum.

Caesar, a brave man, is commander in chief of all the legions.

Caesarem ego laudō quod dux bonus est -

I praise Caesar because he is a good leader -

Omnia* videt; omnia*parat.

he sees everything and prepares everything.

Adjectives are sometimes used as nouns. Here Omnia means all things or everything.

S2W6

Exercise 145 cont.

Ego in periculō nunc nōn sum.

I am not now in danger.

Nōs in castrīs sumus.We are in camp.

Hostēs castra Rōmāna nōn oppugnant quod fortēs nōn sunt.The enemy does not attack the Roman camp because they are not brave.

Galba* mēcum in castrīs est.

Galba is in camp with me.

*Galba, ae: Galba (a Roman proper name)

Homō bonus est et mihi amīcus.

He is a good man and a friend to me.

Nōs saepe pugnābāmus cum Gallīs et superābāmus.

We were often fighting with the Gauls and overcoming (them).

S2W6

Exercise 145 cont.

Itaque nunc multī Gallī servī sunt et nōbīscum in castrīs sunt.

And so now many Gauls are slaves and they are with us in the camp.

Nōbīs frūmentum dant.

They give grain to us.

Impedīmenta in castra portant et multās rēs nōbīs parant.

They carry the baggage into camp and prepare many things for us.

Post prīmam victōriam mē Caesar in castrīs propter virtūtem et fidem laudābat.

After the first victory, Caesar was praising me in camp on account of (my) courage and reliability.

Prīmā lūce hostēs in nōs impetum fēcērunt. At dawn, the enemy made an attack against us.

Et ego et Galba in prīmā aciē pugnābāmus, et multī Gallī nōbīscum pugnābant, sed nōs nōn terrēbant, nōn superābant.

Both Galba and I were fighting in the first battle line and many Gauls were fighting with us, but they were not terrifying us or overcoming us.

Caesar nōs vidēbat.

Caesar was watching us.

Itaque Caesar nōs propter virtūtem laudābat.

And so Caesar was praising us on account of (our) courage.

Magnam glōriam ego nunc habeō, et post bellum Caesar mihi magnum praemium dabit.

I now have great fame and after the war Caesar will give me a great reward.

Laudāsne fīlium? Valē!

Do you not praise your son? Farewell!

S2W6

Exercise 146 - (pg 127)1. Express all the italicized pronouns;2. Translate:

1. He is warning me. Mē monet.

2. We shall warn the Senate and the leading men.

Nōs senātum et prīncipēs monēbimus.

3. I am seizing the hill, but Caesar is seizing the bridge.

Ego collem occupō sed Caesar pontem occupat.

4. He sees us.

Nōs videt.

5. I praise the Holy Spirit.

Ego Spīritum Sānctum laudō.

6. They are fighting on my behalf.

Prō mē pugnant.

7. He is fighting with me.

Mēcum pugnat.

8. The Gauls were giving us rewards.

Gallī nōbīs praemia dabant.

9. Will he give me a reward?

Dabitne mihi praemium?

10. They were fighting with us.

Nōbīscum pugnābant.


11. The Christians are praying for me.

Chrīstiānī prō mē orant.

12. Holy Mary prays for us.

Sāncta Māria prō nōbīs orat.

13. We shall see the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit in heaven.

Nōs Patrem et Fīlium et Spīritum Sānctum in Caelō vidēbimus.

14. Many brave soldiers are fighting with me.

Multī et fortēs mīlitēs mēcum pugnant.

15. Does God give us grace?

Datne Deus nōbīs grātiam?


1. Translate;2. Express the italicized pronouns.

1. I shall give you (sing.) a reward. Ego tibi praemium dabō.

2. The Lord fights for you (pl.).

Dominus prō vōbīs pugnat.

3. God will give you (pl.) a reward, heaven.

Deus vōbīs praemium Caelum dabit.

4. I was warning you (sing.).

Ego tē monēbam.

5. The master is calling you (sing.).

Dominus tē vocat.


6. The Lord is with you (sing.)

Dominus est tēcum.

7. You (pl.) will praise the victory of Christ.

Vōs victōriam Chrīstī laudābitis.

8. You (sing.) will warn the leader.

Tū ducem monēbis.

9. Does the fear of death move you (sing.)?

Movetne tē metus mortis?

10. We shall pray for you (pl.).

Prō vōbīs orābimus.

Semester 2 Week 7

Week 7: 150-152


1. Tell what forms these are; 2. Translate:

Note: Sustin- can be sustain or withstand

1. sustinēbat - 3rd person singular, imperfect indicative active – he was sustaining

2. sustinet – 3rd person singular, present indicative active – he withstands

3. vidēbat – 3rd person singular, imperfect indicative active – he was seeing

4. habēbant - 3rd person plural, imperect indicative active – they were having

5. sustinēbant - - 3rd person plural, imperect indicative active – they were withstanding

6. sustinēbit - 3rd person singular, future indicative active – he will sustain

7. sustinent – 3rd person plural, present indicative active – they are withstanding

8. habēmus – 1st person plural, present indicative active – we have

S2W7

Exercise 151 - (pg 133) 1. Translate;2. Point out the words to which the italicized pronouns refer and explain the agreement:

1. Caesarem laudābās. Itaque is tibi praemium dabit.

You were praising Caesar. And so he will give you a reward. Is refers to Caesarem and agrees in number and gender: singular, masculine

2. Caesar agmen hostium nōn videt. Monēbisne eum?

Caesar does not see the enemy’s column. Will you warn him? Eum refers to Caesar; singular, masculine.

3. Marīa sāncta erat. Itaque Deus eī praemium dedit.

Mary was holy. And so God gave her a reward. eī refers to Marīa; singular, feminine.

4. Hostēs in hīberna impetum fēcērunt. Mīlitēs autem fortēs impetum eōrum sustinēbant.

The enemy made an attack against the winter quarters. The brave soldiers, however, were withstanding their attack. Eōrum refers to mīlitēs; plural, masculine.

5. Marīa est Māter Deī. Itaque eam Chrīstiānī laudāmus.

Mary is the mother of God. Therefore we Christians praise her. Eam refers to Marīa; singular, feminine.

6. Amīcus est in perīculō. Itaque prō eō ōrābimus.

A friend is in danger. So we will pray for him. eō refers to amīcus; sing. masc.

7. Hostēs oppidum occupant. Tenēbuntne id?

The enemy is seizing the town. Will they hold it? Id refers to oppidum; sing., neut.

8. Hostēs bellum parant, sed impetum eōrum sustinēbimus.

The enemy is preparing for war, but we shall withstand their attack. Eōrum refers to hostēs; plural, masc.

9. Caesar ducēs Gallōrum in hīberna vocat; sed eī nōn sunt amīcī senātūs et populī Rōmānī.

Caesar is calling the leaders of the Gauls into winter quarters, but they are not friends of the Senate and the Roman people. Eī refers to to ducēs; plural masc.


10. Mātrēs bonae sunt. Virtūs eārum magna est. Nōs eās semper laudāmus, et Deus eīs magna

praemia dabit.

Mothers are good. Their virtue is great. We always praise them, and God will give them great

rewards. Eārum, eās, and eīs refer to mātrēs; plural, feminine.

11. Caesar est imperātor Rōmānus, sed senātus virtūtem ējus nōn laudat.

Caesar is a Roman commander, but the Senate does not praise his courage. ējus refers to Caesar; sing. masc..

12. Caesar oppidum Gallōrum occupābit, sed tū eōs nōn monēbis.

Caesar will seize the town of the Gauls, but you will not warn them. eōs refers to Gallōrum, plural masculine.

13. Multī hominēs sāncti sunt. Eīs Deus praemia dabit. There are many holy men. God will give them rewards. eīs refers to hominēs, plural, masc.

14. Chrīstus est fīlius Marīae et nunc in Caelō cum eā est.

Christ is Mary’s son and is now in heaven with her. eā refers to Marīae, sing., feminine.

15. Mīlitēs semper in perīculō sunt. Itaque prō eīs ōrāmus.

Soldiers are always in danger. Therefore, we pray for them. eīs refers to mīlitēs, plural, masc.

16. Caesar in castrīs est. Eī servus gladium dat. Caesar is in camp. A slave is giving a sword to him. Eī refers to Caesar, sing. masc.

17a. Omnēs Gallī in armīs sunt. Spem victōriae in virtūte posuērunt.

All the Gauls are in (under) arms. They have placed hope of victory in courage.

17b. Equitēs eōrum fortēs sunt. Cōpia frūmentī in oppidīs eōrum est.

Their cavalry is brave. There is a supply of grain in their towns. eōrum (both times) refers to Gallī, plural, masc.

17c. Et pontēs et collēs tenent. Ea Caesar audīvit; eōs tamen nōn timet.

They hold both bridges and hills. Caesar heard those things; nevertheless he does not fear them (the Gauls). Ea has no expressed antecedent.


1. Translate;2. Express all the italicized pronouns:

Warning. Remember that the pronoun must agree in gender and number with the Latin word to which it refers.

1. The Senate praises Caesar because he fights for the Roman people in the territory of the Gauls.

Senātus Caesarem laudat quod is prō populō Rōmānō in finibus Gallōrum pugnat.

2. The roads are good. The Romans constructed them.

Viae bonae sunt. Eās Rōmānī mūnīvērunt.

3. Caesar was fighting with the Gauls in their territory. He was seizing their towns and cities. The

Gauls were not withstanding his attacks.

Caesar cum Gallīs in fīnibus eōrum pugnābat. Oppida et urbēs eōrum occupābat. Gallī impetūs ējus nōn sustinēbant.


4. We praise Christ and Mary, His mother. She was holy. God gave her a great reward. All holy

men will see her and her Son in heaven. They will all pray with her for us.

Nōs Chrīstum et Marīam mātrem ējus laudāmus. Ea sāncta erat. Deus eī magnum praemium dedit. Omnēs hominēs sānctī eam et ējus Fīlium in Caelō vidēbunt. Eī cum eā ōrābunt omnēs prō nōbis.

5 The Gauls were not friends of the Romans. The Gauls were not giving them grain, and they

were not praising them. The Gauls were fighting with them.

Gallī nōn amīcī Rōmānōrum erant. Gallī eīs frūmentum nōn dabant, et eōs nōn laudābant. Gallī

cum eīs pugnābant.

6. Christ is the light of the world and the salvation of all men. We praise Him now on earth, .

and with Him we shall praise God in heaven forever.

Chrīstus lux mundī et salūs omnium hominum est. Eum in terrā nunc laudāmus, et cum eō Deum

in Caelō in saecula saeculōrum laudābimus.

7. We praise the Roman legions on account of their victories. They were fighting for the Senate

and the Roman people. The Gauls were fighting with them but they conquered the Gauls. Caesar

was their commander in chief and was praising them on account of their courage and reliability.

Therefore the Senate gave them great rewards.

Legiōnēs Rōmānās propter victōriās eārum laudāmus. Eae prō senātū et populō Rōmānō

pugnābant. Gallī cum eīs pugnābant, sed eae Gallōs superābant. Caesar imperātor eārum erat et propter

virtūtem et fidem eārum eās laudābat. Itaque senātus eīs magna praemia dabit.

8. The enemy are carrying grain and arms into the town. Will they hold it?

Hostēs frūmentum et arma in oppidum portant. Tenēbuntne eī id?

9. The Gauls are preparing a camp. In it they will fight for the common welfare of Gaul.

Nevertheless they will not hold it. Caesar will overcome them and seize it.

Gallī castra parant. In eīs prō salūte commūnī Galliae pugnābunt. Ea tamen nōn tenēbunt. Caesar eōs superābit et ea occupābit.


10 The winter quarters of the Romans were in the territory of the enemy. The enemy were

attacking and were seizing them.

Hīberna Rōmānōrum in fīnibus hostium erant. Hostēs ea oppugnābant et occupābant.

11. The Gauls often made an attack on the Roman columns, but the Romans were withstanding

their attacks.

Gallī impetum in agmina Rōmāna saepe fecērunt, sed Rōmānī impetūs eōrum sustinēbant.

Semester 2 Week 8

Week 8: 153 - 155

Exercise 153 - (pg 137) Translate.

1. We often pray for ourselves.

Prō nōbīs saepe ōrāmus.

2. He prays for himself.

Prō sē ōrāt.

3. You pray for yourself. Prō tē ōras.

4. They pray for themselves.

Prō sē ōrant.

5. They praise him.

Eum laudant.

6. The legion prays for itself.

Legiō prō sē ōrat.

7. I pray for myself.

Prō mē ōrō.

8. He sees them.

Eōs videt.

9. You pray for yourselves.

Prō vōbis ōrātis.

10. She does not praise him.

Eum nōn laudat.

11. She prays for herself. Pro sē ōrāt.


12. We have the grace of God in us.

In nōbīs grātiam Deī habēmus.

S2W8Exercise 154 - pg 137 Translate.

1. Holy men do not praise themselves.

Hominēs sānctī sē nōn laudant.

2. Mothers praise not themselves but their sons. (Omit their in translating.)

Matrēs nōn sē sed filiōs laudant.

3. Men often do not see themselves as we see them.

Hominēs saepe sē nōn vident sīcut eōs vidēmus.

4. Christians often pray for themselves and for all men. For God gives them and all men grace on

account of their prayers.

Chrīstiānī prō sē et prō omnibus hominibus saepe ōrant. Deus enim eīs et omnibus hominibus

propter ōratiōnēs eōrum grātiam dat.

5. Caesar was not praising himself.

Caesar sē nōn laudābat.

6. The legion also was praising itself.

Legiō etiam sē laudābat.

7. Now Mary does not pray for herself but for us, for she is in heaven and is also the mother of all

men.

Marīa nōn prō sē sed prō nōbīs nunc ōrat, in Caelō enim et mater etiam omnium hominum est.

8. The Gauls often killed themselves after the victories of the Romans.

Post victōriās Rōmanōrum Gallī sē saepe occīdēbant.


VIRTUS ROMANA ET VIRTUS CHRISTIANA Roman Virtue and Christian Virtue

The Romans had many virtues and the best of the Romans were upright and idealistic men. Among these was the famous Roman orator and politician, Marcus Tullius Cicero. But they were not Christians and therefore the great Christian virtue of humility was unknown to them. They did not, of course, have our personal devotion to Christ nor our loving submission to in God. Their ideal was a natural one, good in many ways, but far inferior to the supernatural ideal which shines forth in our Master and our Model, Jesus Christ.

1. Translate;2. Point out the words to which the italicized pronouns refer and explain your translation of these pronouns:

Mārcus Tullius Cicerō, ōrātor* magnus et bonus, vēritātem et virtūtem saepe laudābat.

Marcus Tullius Cicero, a great and good orator, often praises truth and virtue.

*ōrātor, ōrātōris: an orator

Dē* virtūte “Vīrtūs propter sē,” inquit**, “laudātur***.”

Concerning virtue, he said, “Virtue is praised for itself.” Sē refers to vīrtūs; reflextive

*de, prep w/ abl. : concerning**inquit: he said*** laudātur: is praised

In ōrātiōnibus hominēs bonōs saepe laudābat, malōs autem nōn laudābat.

In speeches, he often praised good men, but the evil he did not praise.

Multa perīcula sustinēbat; mortem et gladiōs nōn timēbat; nōmen populī Rōmānī semper laudābat.

He sustained many dangers; death and swords, he did not fear; he was always praising the name of the Roman people.

Cicerō tamen Chrīstiānus nōn erat.

Cicero nevertheless was not a Christian.

(Post ējus mortem Chrīstus in terram vēnit.)

(Christ came into the world after his death.)Ejus referes to Cicero; modifies mortem.

S2W8 Exercise 155 cont.

Itaque Cicerō, glōriae cupidus, sē saepe laudābat.

And so Cicero, eager for fame, often praised himself. sē refers to Cicero; reflexive

Omnēs Rōmānī saepe sē laudābant. Senātus sē laudābat.

All the Romans praises themselves often. Sē refers to Rōmānī; reflexive. The Senate praised itself. Sē refers to Senātus; reflexive.

Etiam imperātōrēs et ducēs Rōmānī sē laudābant.

The Roman emperors and leaders also praised themselves. sē refers to imperātōrēs and ducēs; reflexive

Hominēs sānctī autem nōn sē sed Deum landant, sīcut Marīa, Māter omnium Chrīstiānōrum, sē nōn laudābat.

Holy men, however, praise not themselves but God, just as Mary, the mother of all Christians, did not praise herself. The first sē referes to hominēs, the second to Marīa; both reflexive.

Ea post Annuntiātiōnem* ōrābat:

After the annunciation, she prayed: Ea refers to Maria in the preceding sentence; personal pronoun used as a subject

* Annuntiātiō, Annuntiātiōnis: the Annunciation by the Angel Gabriel

Magnificat anima mea Dominum….

My soul doth magnify the Lord...

quia fēcit mihi magna….

for He has done great things unto me...

Et sānctum nōmen ējus (est).

and holy is His name.

S2W8

Exercise 155 cont.

Cicerō et omnēs Rōmānī spem in sē posuērunt.

Cicero and all Romans placed hope in themselves.

Chrīstiānī autem spem nōn in sē sed in grātiā Chrīstī pōnunt.

Christians, however, place hope not in themselves but in the grace of Christ. sē refers to Chrīstiānī; reflexive.

Cicerō multa et gravia perīcula sustinēbat quod et bonus erat et glōriae cupidus.

Cicero sustained many dangers because he was both good and desirous of fame.

Chrīstiānī autem erīcula sustinent quod Chrīstum sēcum habent.

Christians, however, withstand dangers because they have Christ with them. Sē refers to Chrīstiānī; reflexive, used for cum sē

Chrīstiānī enim Jēsūm Chrīstum in sē “portant.”

For Christians carry Jesus Christ in themselves. Sē refers to Chrīstiānī; reflextive

Itaque nōmen Chrīstiānōrum erat etiam “Chrīstophorī.”

And so the name of Christians was also “Christophers” (Christ-bearers)

Semester 2 Week 9

Week 9: 158-160, 162


1. Pick out the third person plural by the final personal signs;2. Translate.

1. dēfendunt - 3rd person plural – they defend, are defending, do defend

2. mittis – you send, are sending, do send

3. dēfendit – he defends, is defending, does defend

4. mittunt - 3rd person plural – they send, are sending, do send

5. dūcunt - 3rd person plural – they lead, are leading, do lead

6. mittit – he sends, is sending, does send

7. gerunt - 3rd person plural – they carry, are carrying, do carry

8. dūcit – he guides, is guiding, does guide

9. īnstruit – he draws up, is drawing up, does draw up

10. dēfendimus – we defend, are defending, do defend

11. mittō – I send, am sending, do send

12. gerit – he carries on, is carrying on, does carry on

13. mittimus – we send, are sending, do send

14. īnstruunt - 3rd person plural – they equip, are equipping, do equip

15. mittitis - you send, are sending, do send

16. dēfendis – you defend, are defending, do defend

17. dūcimus – we guide, are guiding, do guide

18. geris – you carry, are carrying, do carry

S2W9


A short short-story – A Roman “Spotter”

1. Mīles Rōmānus hostēs videt. Hostēs autem eum nōn vident.

A Roman soldier sees the enemy. The enemy, however, does not see him.

2. Mīles servum in castra mittit.

The soldier sends a slave into the camp.

3. Servus Caesarem in castrīs monet. “Hostēs in flūmine sunt; perīculum nōbīs est!”

The slave warns Caesar in the camp. “The enemy is on the river; there is danger for us!”

4. Caesar ducēs et centuriōnēs vocat.

Caesar calls the leaders and the centurions.

5. Centuriōnēs mīlitēs vocant. Eōs prō castrīs īnstruunt.

The centurions call the soldiers. They draw them up before the camp.

6. Caesar mīlitēs dūcit. “Hostēs nōs terrēbimus! Fortiter pugnābimus!”

Caesar leads the soldiers. “We will terrify the enemy! Bravely we will fight!”

7. Interim hostēs mīlitem Rōmānum vident. Is autem sē fortiter dēfendit.

Meanwhile, the enemy sees the Roman soldier. He, however, defends himself bravely.

8a. Vident hostēs legiōnem et Caesarem. Metus Caesaris eōs terret. “Caesar est! Superābit nōs!

Perīculum est!” Prīncipēs hostium cōpiās īnstruunt. Sē dēfendunt.

The enemy sees the legion and Caesar. Fear of Caesar terrifies them, “It is Caesar! He will overcome us! There is danger!” The leading men of the enemy draw up (their) forces. They defend themselves.

9. Rōmānī rem fortiter gerunt et hostēs superant. Hostēs sē Caesarī dant.

The Romans carry on the affair bravely and conquer the enemy. The enemy give themselves up to Caesar.

10. Caesar mīlitēs et hostēs in castra dūcit; omnēs mīlitēs īnstruit et laudat.

Caesar leads the soldiers and enemies into camp; he draws up all the soldier and praises (them).

S2W9Exercise 160

Translate.

1a. The Roman legions defend themselves bravely because they are eager for the glory of war.

Legiōnēs Rōmānae fortiter sē defendunt quod sunt cupidae glōriae bellī.

2. Caesar is leading the army into the territory of the enemy; the enemy sees and fears him.

Caesar in fīnēs hostium exercitum dūcit; hostēs eum vident et timent.

3. The Romans always wage war bravely with the enemy.

Rōmānī semper bellum fortiter gerunt cum hostibus.

4. The centurion is drawing up the legion in front of the wall.

Centuriō prō mūrō legiōnem īnstruit.

5. Does he send centurions to the neighboring tribes?

Mittitne centuriōnēs gentibus fīnitīmis?

6. Caesar carries a sword.

Caesar gladium gerit.

7. The Romans often carry on war with the neighboring peoples and tribes.

Rōmānī cum populīs et gentibus fīnitīmis bellum daepe gerunt.

8. Is the slave guiding the column into a narrow and difficult place?

Dūcitne servus agmen in locum angustum et difficilem?

9. The general is strongly warning the Senate.

Imperātor senātum fortiter monet.

10. The king is equipping an army; we, however, shall conquer him and his army.

Rēx exercitum īnstruit; nōs autem eum et exercitum ējus superābimus.

S2W9

Exercise 162 - (pg 143)1. Pick out the third person singular forms by the final personal signs;2.Translate.

1. pellit - 3rd person singular – he drives

2. gerēbant – they were carrying

3. īnstruēbat - 3rd person singular - he was drawing up

4. vincēbant – they were conquering

5. petēbant – they were seeking

6. pellunt - they repulse

7. petunt – they seek

8. pellēbam - I was driving

9. mittēbās – you were sending

10. mittēbāmus – we were sending

11. pellēbant – they were routing

12. dūcēbat - 3rd person singular – he was leading

13. mittēbat - 3rd person singular – he was sending

14. mittēbam – I was sending

15. petēbat - 3rd person singular – he was seeking

16. mittēbant – they were sending

17. vincunt – they conquer

18. mittēbātis – you were sending

19. vincit - 3rd person singular – he is conquering

18. dūcēbant – they were guiding

19. gerēbat - 3rd person singular – he was carrying on

20. vincēbat - 3rd person singular – he was conquering

21. īnstruēbant – they were equipping

22. pellitis – you request

Semester 2 Week 10

Week 10: 163-165, 167


1. Add the correct final personal signs to the verbs;2. Translate.

1. Gallī bellum cum Rōmānīs gerēbant sed eōs nōn vincēbant.

The Gauls were waging war with the Romans but they were not overcoming them.

2. Gallī post victōriam Caesaris pācem petēbant.

After Caesar’s victory, the Gauls were seeking peace.

3. Chrīstus mundum vincit.

Christ conquers the world.

4. Ego hostēs in pontem pellēbam.

I was driving the enemy onto the bridge.

5. Hostēs mīlitēs prō castrīs īnstruēbant.

The enemy was drawing up soldiers before the camp.

6. Mittēbatne Caesar litterās?

Was Caesar sending a dispatch?

7. Rēx pācem petēbat.

The king was seeking peace.

8. Mīlitēs fortēs hostēs pellunt.

The brave soldiers are routing the enemy.


Translate.

1. Propter metum Rōmānōrum Gallī bellum cum eīs gerēbant. Rōmānī autem semper vincēbant.

On account of fear of the Romans the Gauls were wagin war with them. The Romans, however, were always conquering (them).

2. Nōs frūmentum petēbāmus. Vōs frūmentum nōn mittēbātis.

We were begging for grain. You were not sending grain.

3. Legiōnēs rōmānae hostēs semper vincunt.

The Roman legions always conquer the enemy.

4. Caesar Gallōs pellit.

Caesar routes the Gauls.


Translate.

1 .The general was sending a dispatch and was begging (for) a supply of rations and swords.

Imperātor litterās mittēbat et cōpiam frumentī et gladiōrum petēbat.

2. We were often routing the enemy. We were often conquering them. Nevertheless they were

carrying on the war and defending themselves bravely.

Nōs hostēs saepe pellēbāmus. Eōs saepe vincēbāmus. Tamen fortiter bellum gerēbant et sē dēfendēbant.

3. They were driving the first battle line into a deep river.

Prīmam aciem in altum flūmen pellēbant.

4. The general is sending a letter. A slave will carry it into the province.

Imperātor litterās mittit. Servus in prōvinciam eās portābit.

S2W10


Translate.

1. Vōs legiōnēs in castra mittētis.

You will send the leguons into camp.

2. Litterās dē multīs rēbus mittēmus.

We will send a dispatch concerning many things.

3. Rōmānī cum Gallīs semper contendunt.

The Romans are always contending with the Gauls.

4. Ubi Rōmānī castra pōnent?

Where will the Romans pitch camp?

5. Ego frūmentum nōn mittam.

I shall not send grain.

6. Mittēsne servōs?

Will you send slaves?

7. Ibi castra pōnent.

They will pitch camp there.

8. Reliquī Gallī prīmā lūce in montēs contendent.

At dawn the remaining Gauls will hasten into the mountains.

9. Spem salūtis in virtūte pōnet.

He will place hope of safety in courage.

10. Eōs in flūmen agam.

I shall drive them into the river.

11. Senātus dē rē gravī aget.

The Senate will act concerning a serious affair.

Semester 2 Week 11

Week 11: 168-171


Translate.

1. We shall pitch the camp there.

Ibi castra pōnēmus.

2. They will treat with the tribe about peace.

Cum gente dē pāce agent.

3. He will hasten with all the troops into the town.

Cum omnibus cōpiīs in oppidum contendet.

4. They will contend with the Gauls.

Cum Gallīs contendent.

5. They will put faith in the courage of the remaining legions.

Fidem in virtūte reliquārum legiōnum pōnent.

S2W11

LESSON 13

Exercise 169 - (pg 148)Translate the Present Tense – 4th conjugation verbs.

1. audiunt – They hear

2. mūnit – He fortifies

3. audīs – You hear

4. venit – He comes

5. audiō – I hear

6. mūniunt - They fortify

7. audītis – You hear

8. conveniunt – They assemble

9. audit – He hears

10. veniunt – They come

11. audīmus - We hear

12. convenītis - You come together


Translate these Imperfect & Future Tenses

1. audiam – I will hear

2. audiēbātis – you were hearing

3. veniēs – you will come

4. audiēbāmus – we were hearing

5. audiēs – you will hear

6. veniet – He will come

7. audiēbās – You were hearing

8. veniētis – You will come

9. audiam – I will hear

10. convenient – They will assemble.

11. audient – They will hear.

12. veniam – I will come.

13. audiētis – You will hear.

14. veniēbant – They were coming

15. audiet – He will hear

16. audiēbam – I was hearing

17. venient – They will come

18. veniēbās – You were coming.

19. conveniēbant – They were assembling.

20. veniēbat - He was coming

S2W11 Exercise 171 - (pg 148)

Translate

1. Metus vōs terret.

Fear terrifies you.

2. Senātus conveniet.

The Senate will assemble.

3. Impetum sustinēbant.

They were withstanding the attack.

4. Portum vident.

They see the harbor.

5. Equitātum timēbunt.

They will fear the cavalry.

6. Castra pōnunt.

They are pitching the camp.

7. Dē victōriā contendent.

They will contend for victory.

8. Oppidum mūniunt.

They are fortifying the town.

9. Centuriōnem vocābit.

He will call the centurion.

10. Sē dēfendit.

He defends himself.

11. Exercitum in Galliam mittet.

He will send the army into Gaul.

12. Per silvās veniēbant.

They were coming through the forest.


13. Dē rē agēbant.

They were treating of the affair.

14. Vōcem audit.

He hears a cry.

15. Spīritus Deī eum dūcit.

The Spirit of God leads him.

16. Bellum gerēbat.

He was waging war.

17. Adventus Caesaris vōs terrēbit.

Caesar’s coming will terrify you.

18. Deum laudat.

He praises God.

19. Collem occupābit.

He will seize the hill.

20. Cōpiās īnstruit.

He is drawing up the troops.

21. Vōs eōs superābititis.

You will overcome them.

22. Urbem oppugnābat.

He was attacking the city.

23. Orātis.

You are praying.

24. Arma parābant.

They were preparing arms.

25. Ego servōs nōn habēbam.

I did not have the slaves.


26. Vōs monēbō.

I will warn you.

27. Pontem tenēbunt.

They will hold the bridge.

28. Signum portābunt.

They will carry the standard.

29. Fortiter pugnant.

They are fighting bravely.

30. Gladiōs dabit.

He will give swords.

31. Ego hostēs vincam.

I will conquer the enemy.

32. Castra movētis.

You are moving the camp.

33. Pācem petam.

I will beg for peace. Or I will request peace.

34. Equitēs pellitis.

You are repulsing the cavalry.

35. Oratiōnem audiēbant.

They were listening to the speech. Or They were hearing the speech.

Semester 2 Week 12

Week 12: 172 - 175


1. Ducēs oppida et pontēs saepe mūniunt.

Leaders often fortify towns and bridges.

2. Pars hostium per silvās vēnit; pars autem eōrum per prōvinciam venit.

Part of the enemy is coming through the forest; part of them, however, is coming through the province.

3. Audīsne vōcēs servōrum?

Do you hear the cries of the slaves?

4. Rōmānī propter commūnem salūtem longās viās per prōvinciās mūniēbant.

On account of the common welfare the Romans were building long roads through the provinces.

5. Clāmōrem equitum audiēbāmus.

We heard shouting of the cavalry (horsemen).

6. Imperātor in senātum veniet. Ōrātiōnem ējus senātus audiet.

The general will come into the Senate. The Senate will hear his speech.

7. Ducēs et prīncipēs Gallōrum in oppidum convenient.

The leaders and chiefs of the Gauls will assemble (come together) in the town.

8. Prīmā lūce senātus in locum tūtum conveniet. Dē rē gravī aget.

At dawn the Senate will assemble (come together) in a safe place. It will act concerning a serious matter.

9. Interim Caesar cum omnibus cōpiīs per prōvinciam veniēbat.

Meanwhile Caesar was coming through the province with all the troops.

10. Equitēs Caesarem dē ējus perīculō monēbant. Itaque castra mūnit.

The cavalry were warning Caesar about his danger. And so he is fortifying the camp.


Translate

1. They are assembling in the camp.

In castra conveniunt.

2. The Romans were constructing long roads.

Rōmānī longās viās mūniēbant.

3. They were fortifying the bridges.

Pontēs mūniēbant.

4. They will come together at dawn.

Prīmā lūce convenient.

5. Are the Romans coming into the territory of the enemy?

Veniuntne Rōmānī in fīnēs hostium?

6. Do they hear the cries and the shouting of the calvary?

Audiuntne vōcēs et clāmōrem equitum?

7. Will the column come through the province?

Venietne agmen per prōvinciam?

8. The leaders of the tribe were assembling in the mountains.

Ducēs gentis in mōntēs conveniēbant.

9. Will they defend the Roman law?

Dēfendentne lēgem Rōmānam?

10. The light and truth of Christ guide me.

Lūx et vēritās Chrīstī mē dūcunt.

11. They were hearing the speech of the chief.

Orātiōnem prīncipis audiēbant.


12. After the arrival of Caesar the Gauls were fortifying the towns.

Post adventum Caesaris Gallī oppida mūniēbant.

13. The general was praising the centurions on account of their courage and faithfulness.

Propter virtūtem et fidem eōrum imperātor centuriōnēs laudābat.

14. The enemy were bravely defending themselves.

Hostēs sē fortiter dēfendēbant.

15. They were slaves in the hills.

Erant servī in collibus.

16. Part of the leading men are now assembling.

Pars prīncipum nunc convenit.

17. The Gauls will fear the calvary after the slaughter of the chiefs.

Post caedem prīncipum Gallī equitēs timēbunt.

18. They came into favor with the king on account of the victory.

Propter victōriam in grātiam cum rēge veniēbant.

19. They were treating with the commander in chief about peace.

Cum imperātōre dē pāce agēbant.

20. The army was coming through the forest.

Exercitus per silvās veniēbat.

21. They will pitch the camp there. But Caesar will attack it.

Ibi castra ponent, sed Caesar ea oppugnābit.

22. We shall pray in the name of Jesus Christ. Therefore, God will give us grace.

In nōmine Jēsū Chrīstī ōrābimus. Itaque Deus nōbīs grātiam dabit.


23. We praise the holy wounds of Christ.

Vulnera sāncta Chrīstī laudāmus.

24. We shall seek peace and salvation through Christ.

Per Chrīstum pācem et salutem petēmus.

25. You will come to Gaul and you will see deep rivers and great mountains, towns and large cities.

In Galliam veniētis et flūmina alta et magnōs montēs et oppida et magnās urbēs vidēbitis.

25b. You will seee brave and renowned chiefs.

Ducēs fortēs et nōbilēs vidēbitis.

25c. There is an abundance of grain in the cities. You will praise Gaul and the Gauls.

Est cōpia frūmentī in urbibus. Galliam et Gallōs laudābitis.


DE SENATU - The Senate

Translate:

In senātū Romānō sunt multī hominēs nōbilēs et fortēs.

In the Roman Senate there are many noble and brave men.

Sentātus Populusque* Rōmānus imperium multārum gentium et prōvinciārum habet.

The Roman State (The Roman Senate and the people) has an empire of many tribes and provinces.

* Populusque = et Populus. Sentātus Populusque* Rōmānus (usually abbreviated: SPQR) was the official title of the Roman government. It regularly takes a singular verb.

Senātus saepe convenit.

The Senate assembles often.

In senātum rēgēs gentium aliēnārum saepe veniunt.

Kings of foreign tribes often come into the Senate.

Pācem saepe petunt; saepe cōpiam armōrum et frūmentī petunt.

Often they are seeking peace; often they are requesting a supply of arms and rations.

Prīncipēs Rōmānī saepe in senātum veniunt.

The leading men of Rome often come into the Senate.

Dē rēbus gravibus et dē salūte populī Rōmānī saepe agunt.

They often treat of serious matters and of the welfare of the Roman people.

Dē lēgibus, dē bellīs, dē prōvinciīs agunt.

They act regarding laws, wars, and the provinces.

Omnēs gentēs alienae senātum timent.

All foreign tribes fear the Senate.

S2W12


1. Rome was a large and renowned city.

Rōma urbs magna et nōbilis erat.

2. The enemy were on all sides.

Hostēs undique erant.

3. Many rivers of Gaul were deep and long.

Multa flūmina Galliae erant alta et longa.

4. Will you be brave?

Eritisne fortēs?

5. There are mountains on all sides.

Undique sunt montēs.

6. The Roman camp was full of swords and darts.

Castra Rōmāna erant plēna gladiōrum et tēlōrum.

7. We shall be with God in heaven.

In Caelō cum Deō erimus.

8. We were eager for the grace of God.

Cupidī grātiae Deī erāmus.

9. You are Christians and sons of God.

Chrīstiānī et fīliī Deī estis.

10. I am a soldier of Christ.

Mīles Chrīstī sum.

11. THe way is narrow and difficult.

Via angusta et difficilis est.

12. The mountains of Gaul are high.

Montēs Galliae sunt altī.

S2W12 Exercise 175 cont.

13. Caesar's journey were often long and difficult.

Itinera Caesaris longa et difficilia saepe erant.

14. You will be safe on account of the grace of God.

Propter grātiam Deī tūtī eritis.

15. Christ is a good and noble leader.

Chrīstus dux bonus et nōbilis est.

16. The Romans were eager for fame.

Rōmānī cupidī glōriae erant.

17. Are you like Christ?

Estisne similes Chrīstō?

18. There will be many holy men in heaven.

In Caelō multī homines sānctī erunt.

19. The Gauls are next to the province.

Gallī fīnitimī prōvinciae sunt.

20. The glory of Rome will always be great.

Glōria Rōmae semper erit magna.

21. We are Christians and God's servants.

Nōs Chrīstiānī et servī Deī sumus.

22. Many kings were bad.

Multī rēgēs erant malī.

23. The remaining soldiers were safe.

Reliquī mīlitēs erant tutī.

24. Were you in the first battle line?

Erāsne in prīmā acie?

S2W12

Exercise 175 cont.

25. I was not with Caesar.

Cum Caesare nōn eram.

26. Not all Christians are like Christ.

Nōn omnēs Chrīstiānī sunt similēs Chrīstō.

27. There are many and large cities in the province.

Sunt in prōvinciā multae et magnae urbēs.

Semester 2 Week 13

Week 13: 176, 177, 179, 180


1. Propter metum hostium in castrīs Caesaris sumus.

We are in Caesar’s camp on account of fear of the enemy.

2. Undique erat clāmor hostium.

From all sides there was the shouting of the enemy.

3. Erat perīculum grave in prōvinciā.

There was serious danger in the province.

4. Gallī semper sunt cupidī imperiī.

The Gauls are always eager for power.

5. Omnēs hominēs cupidī sunt glōriae.

All men are desirous of fame.

6. Erantne tēla in castrīs?

Were there darts in the camp?

7. Undique erant montēs et silvae.

On all sides there were mountains and forests.

8. In Caelō cum Chrīsto erimus.

In heaven we shall be with Christ.

9. Erantne montēs altī et difficilēs?

Were the mountains high and difficult?

10. Caesar erat imperiī cupidus.

Caesar was eager for power.

11. Estne Chrīstus fīlius et Marīae et Deī?

Is Christ the son of Mary and God?

S2W13

Exercise 176 cont.

12. Estne Marīa grātiā plēna?

Is Mary full of grace?

13. “Vōs autem omnēs frātrēs estis.” (Words of Christ to His disciples.)

You, however, are all brothers.

14. Eratne Chrīstus in mundō propter nōs?

Was Christ in the world on our account?

15. In silvīs nōn erāmus.

We were not in the forest.

16. Caesar in prīmā aciē erat.

Caesar was in the first battle line.

17. Erō fortis.

I will be brave.

18. Eram in Galliā cum exercitū.

I was with the army in Gaul.

19. Esne eques? Esne mīles?

Are you a horseman? Are you a soldier?

20. Omnēs hominēs sānctī Chrīstō similēs sunt.

All holy men are like Christ.

S2W13


Translate: Practice with compound forms of sum

1. Hīberna ab oppidō Gallōrum nōn longē aberant.

The winter quarters were not far from a town of Gauls.

2. Caesar longē aberat ā castrīs.

Caesar was a long way from camp.

3. Hīberna nōn longē absunt ā Caesare.

The winter quarters are not far away from Caesar.

4. Legiōnēs aberunt.

The legions will be away.

5. Caesar aberat.

Caesar was away.

6. Rōma longē abest ā nōbīs.

Rome is a great distance from us.

7. Deus ā nōbīs nōn longē abest.

God is not far from us.

8. Bellum et mortis perīculum longē ā Caelō absunt.

War and danger of death are far away from heaven.

S2W13LESSON 15


Latin word

Perfect Stem

3rd per. sing of perfect indicative active

3rd per. plural of perfect indicative active

Translate 3 ways

1 laudō laudāv laudāvit – he praised, has praised, did praise

laudāvērunt – they praised, have praised, did praise

2 occupō occupāv occupāvit – he seized, has seized, did seize

occupāvērunt – they seized, have seized, did seize

3 oppugnō oppugnāv oppugnāvit – he attacked, has attacked, did attack

oppugnāvērunt – they attacked, have attacked, did attack

4 parō parāv parāvit – he prepared, has prepared, did prepare

parāvērunt – they prepared, have prepared, did prepare

5 pugnō pugnāv pugnāvit – he fought, has fought, did fight

pugnāvērunt

6 superō superāv superāvit – he overcame, has overcome, did overcome

superāvērunt – they overcame, have overcome, did overcome

7 portō portāv portāvit – he carried, has carried, did carry

portāvērunt – they carried, have carried, did carry

8 dō ded dedit – he gave, has given, did give

dedērunt – they gave, have given, did give

Latin word

Perfect Stem



Translate 3 ways

9 vocō vocāv vocāvit – he called, has called, did call

vocāvērunt – they called, have called, did call

10 moneō monu monuit – he warned, has warned, did warn

monuērunt – they warned, have warned, did warn

11 timeō timu timuit – he feared, has feared, did fear

timuērunt – they feared, have feared, did fear

12 terreō terru terruit – he terrified, has terrified, did terrify

terrērunt – they terrified, have terrified, did terrify

13 habeō habu habuit – he had, has had, did have

habuērunt – they had, they have had, did have

14 videō vid vidit – he saw, has seen, did see

vidērunt – they saw, have seen, did see

15 teneō tenu tenuit – he held, has held, did hold

tenuērunt – they held, have held, did hold

16 moveō mov movit – he moved, has moved, did move

movērunt – they moved, have moved, did move

17 sustineō sustent sustentit – he sustained, has sustained, did sustain

sustentērunt – they sustained, have sustained, did sustain

18 dēfendō dēfend dēfendit – he defended, has defended, did defend

dēfendērunt – they defended, have defended, did defend

19 dūcō dūx dūxit – he led, has led, did lead dūxērunt – they led, have led, did lead

20 gerō gess gessit – he carried, has carried, did carry

gessērunt – they carried, have carried, did carry

Latin word

Perfect Stem



Translate 3 ways

21 vincō vīc vīcit – he conquered, has vīcērunt – they conquered, have

conquered, did conquer conquered, did conquer

22 petō petīv petīvit – he sought, has sought, did seek

petīvērunt – they sought, have sought, did seek

23 pellō pepuli pepulit – he drove, has driven, did drive

pepulērunt – they drove, have driven, did drive

24 pōnō pōsu pōsuit – he put, has put, did put

pōsērunt – they put, have put, did put

25 contendō contend contendit – he strove, has striven, did stive

contendērunt – they strove, have striven, did strive

26 audiō audīv audīvit – he heard, has heard, did hear

audīvērunt - they heard, have heard, did hear

27 mūniō mūn mūnīvit – he built, has built, did build

mūnīvērunt – they built, have built, did build

28 veniō vēn vēnit – he came, has come, did come

vēnērunt – they came, have come, did come

29 conveniō convēn convēnit - he assembled, has assembled, did assemble

convēnērunt – they assembled, have assembled, did assemble

30 agō ēg ēgit – he did, has done, did do ēgērunt – they did, have done, did do

31 sum fu fuit – he has, he has been fuērunt – they were, have been

Latin word

Perfect Stem



Translate 3 ways

32 absum afu- afuit – he was away, have been afuērunt – they were away, have

away been away

33 collocō collocāv collocāvit – he placed, has placed, did place

collocāvērunt – they placed, have placed, did place

34 maneō māns- māsit – he remained, has remained, did remain

mānsērunt – they remained, have remained, did remain

35 compleō complēv complēvit – he filled, has filled, did fill

complēvēerunt – they filled, have filled, did fill

35 cēdō cess cessit – he gave way, has given way, did give way

cessērunt – they gave way, have given way, did give way

S2W13


1. Tell what form these are;2. Tranlate:

The following verbs forms are mostly perfect indicative active (p.i.a)

1. vīdērunt –3rd person plural, p.i.a – they saw

2. cessērunt – 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they gave way

3. audīvistis – 2nd person plural, p.i.a. – you heard

4. mānsit – 3rd person singular, p.i.a. – he remained

5. terruērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they have terrified

6. cessit - 3rd person singular, p.i.a. – he gave way

7. fuit - 3rd person singular, p.i.a. – he has been

8. monuimus - 1st person plural, p.i.a. – we have warned

9. complēvit - 3rd person singular, p.i.a. – he filled

10. munīvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they have fortified

11. mānsērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they remained

12. mīsērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they sent

13. complēvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they have filled

14. audīvimus - 1st person plural, p.i.a. – we have heard

15. oppugnāvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they attacked

16. fuistī - 2nd person singular, p.i.a. – you have been


17. laudāvī - 1st person singular, p.i.a. – I have praised

18. vīcit - 3rd person singular, p.i.a. – he has conquered

19. petīvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they have sought

20 parāvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they prepared

21. fuimus - 1st person plural, p.i.a. – we have been

22. laudāvistī - 2nd person singular, p.i.a. – you have praised

23. collocāvit - 3rd person singular, p.i.a. – he has stationed

24. monuērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they advised

25. mittimus - 1st person plural, present active indicative – we are sending

26. collocat – 3rd person singular, present active indicative – he places

27. fuī – 1st person singular, p.i.a – I was

28. portāvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they carried

29. collocāvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they stationed

30. superāvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they have overcome

31. mīsī – 1st person singular, p.i.a. – I have sent

32. vocāvērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they called

33. fuērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they were

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Exercise 180 cont.

34. collocābat – 3rd person singular, imperfect indicative active – he was placing

35. sustinērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they have sustained

36. dēfendērunt - 3rd person plural, p.i.a – they defended

Semester 2 Week 14

Week 14: 182 - 185


1. Caesar stationed soldiers on the bridge and in front of the camp.

Caesar mīlitēs in ponte et prō castrīs collocāvit.

2. Christ did not remain on earth.

Chrīstus in terrā nōn mānsit.

3. They filled the walls with men.

Mūrōs hominibus complēvērunt.

4. Caesar prepared a supply of grain.

Caesar cōpiam frūmentī parāvit.

5. The Romans did not yield to the enemy.

Rōmānī hostibus nōn saepe cessērunt.

6. Where have you been?

Ubi fuisti?

7. The Senate often praised Caesar on account of his victories.

Senātus Caesarem saepe laudāvit propter ējus victōriās.

8. Caesar did not fear danger and death.

Caesar perīculum et mortem nōn timuit.

9. There were many Romans in Gaul.

In Galliā multī Rōmanī fuērunt.

10. Did the Romans overcome the Gauls?

Vīcēruntne Rōmānī Gallōs?

11. Did they treat with the chief about peace?

Egēruntne cum prīncipe dē pāce?

S2W14Exercise 182 cont..

12. The leading men of the Gauls assembled at dawn.

Prīmā lūce prīncipēs Gallōrum convēnērunt.

13. The calvary did not yield, but withstood the attack bravely.

Equitēs nōn cessērunt, sed impetum fortiter sustinuērunt.

14. Who conquered the Gauls and seized the cities and towns?

Quis Gallōs vīcit et urbēs et oppida eōrum occupāvit?

15. The Gauls did not praise Caesar, but they feared him.

Gallī Caesarem nōn laudāvērunt, sed eum timuērunt.

16. Have you seen Rome?

Rōmamne vīdistī?

S2W14


Practice with the pluperfect tense.

1) Translate2) Explain the case of the italicized nouns

1. Prīncipēs gentēs prōvinciae fīnitimās incitāverant quod victōriae cupidī erant.

The leading men had incited the tribes next to the province because they were eager for victoryprōvinciae – is dative with fīnitimās; victōriae is genitive with cupidī

2. Interim equitēs reliquōs Gallōs perturbāverant.

Meanwhile the cavalry had confused the remaining Gauls. reliquōs is accusative, agreeing with Gallōs

3. Chrīstiānī bonī fidem et vēritātem Chrīstī servāverant.

Good Christians had kept the faith and truth of Christ.

4. Imperātor urbēs et oppida incenderat.

The general had set fire to the cities and towns.

5. Multī Gallī legiōnēs Rōmānās adjūverant.

Many Gauls had aided the Roman legions.

6. Dux hostium collēs hominibus complēverat.

The leader of the enemy had filled the hills with men.hominibus – ablative without a preposition, used with complēverat

7. Equitēs agmen hostium perturbāverant.

The cavalry had confused the enemy’s column.

8. Virtūs Rōmam servāverat.

Courage had kept (preserved, saved) Rome.

9. Caesar et collēs et pontēs (prīmā lūce) occupāverat.

At dawn Caesar had seized both the hills and the bridges.

10. Senātus prōvinciam Caesarī dederat.

The Senate had given the province to Caesar. The Senate had given Caesar the province.

Caesarī – dative, indirect object.


Translate.

1. The king had aroused the slaves.

Rēx servōs incitāverat.

2. God had helped them.

Deus eōs adjūverat.

3. They had kept the faith.

Fidem servāverant.

4. The calvary had confused the enemy.

Equitēs hosteē perturbāverant.

5. The slaves had burned the town.

Servī oppidum incenderant.

6. They had called the leading men of Gaul into the Senate.

In senātum prīncipēs Galliae vocāverant.

7. He had stationed the calvary in the forest. The enemy made an attack on them.

In silvīs equitēs collocāverat. Hostēs in eōs impetum fēcērunt.


Translate.

ās ēs īs ōs ūs

1. The Senate praised Caesar.

Senātus Caesarem laudāvit.

2. The Gauls had always feared Caesar.

Gallī Caesarem semper timuerant.

3. The calvary terrified the enemy.

Equitēs hostēs terruērunt.

4. The soldiers had burned the crops.

Mīlitēs frūmenta incenderant.

5. The slaves had helped the enemy.

Servī hostēs adjūverant.


6. They kept the faith.

Fidem servāvērunt.

7. They did not yield.

Nōn cessērunt.

8. They have held the city.

Urbem tenuērunt.

9. They moved camp.

Castra movērunt.

10. He seized the bridge.

Pontem occupāvit.

11. They had prepared many darts.

Multa tēla parāverant.

12. The slaves had had arms.

Servī arma habuerant.

13. They saw the Roman column.

Agmen Rōmānum vīdērunt.

14. They did not withstand the attack.

Impetum nōn sustinuērunt.

15. He defended himself.

Sē dēfendit.

16. They sent arms into Gaul.

Arma in Galliam mīsērunt.

17. The slaves had carried grain into the camp.

Servī in castra frūmentum portāverant.


18. The Romans overcame the Gauls.

Rōmānī Gallōs superāvērunt.

19. They had prayed for the king.

Prō rēge ōrāverant.

20. He has called the chiefs.

Prīncipēs vocāvit.

Semester 2 Week 15

Week 15: Finish translating any assigned lines from Exercise 181 “A Dream of Judgment” and come prepared to perform it in seminar

Exercise 181 - (pg 160) – UNIT TEST

A DREAM OF JUDGMENT

This was my dream. I was in the midst of light, a light brilliant and intense, so intense that it seemed to penetrate and reveal the depths of the soul. And I was aware of a Presence at the very center of the light and I knew with a strange inner conviction that there stood the Angel of Judgment. After a breathless moment, I became aware of other presences, felt rather than saw the. Were they angels? Were they souls? Then the Angel spoke in a voice like the sound of many waters, like no voice ever heard upon earth.

The Voice of the Angel: Quis es?

Who are you?

Second Voice (harsh and unpleasant): Ego rēx sum. Rēgnum et imperium Rōmānōrum in terrā tenuī.

I am a king. On earth I held the kingdom and command of the Romans.

Voice of the Angel: Petisne nunc praemium et glōriam?

Do you seek a reward and glory now?

Second Voice: Ego petō. Ego magnam glōriam in terrā habuī et semper habēbō. Mē omnēs hominēs laudāvērunt. Imperātor magnus fuī. Multa bella fortiter gessī. Dux bonus, omnēs rēs parāvī; frūmentum et arma parāvī; castra et oppida mūnīvī; mīlitēs īnstrūxī et collcāvī. In mē mīlitēs spem semper posuērunt. Ego saepe in prīmā aciē cum mīlitibus pugnāvī. Ego eōs per montēs et silvās dūxī.

Yes, I do. I had great fame on earth and always shall. All men praised me. I was a great emperor. I waged many wars strongly. A good leader, I prepared everything; I prepared rations and arms; I fortified camps and towns; I equipped and stationed soldiers. The soldiers always placed hope in me. I often fought with the soldiers in the first battle line. I led them through mountains and forests.

In Galliā et in omnibus prōvinciīs cum hostibus contendī. Mē metus hostium nōn mōvit neque terruit. Fīnēs multārum gentium occupāvī. Ego et multa oppida et magnās urbēs oppugnāvī. Prōvinciās Rōmānās et eārum urbēs fortiter dēfendī. Hostēs nōminis Rōmānī terruī atque impetūs eōrum fortiter sustinuī. Equitēs et mīlitēs in eōs mīsī – hostēs semper cessērunt. Hostēs pepulī et in bellīs eōs superāvī et vīcī.

In Gaul and in all the provinces I contended with the enemy. Fear of the enemy neither moved nor terrified me. I have seized the territory of many tribes. I have attacked both many towns and great cities. I have strongly (vigorously) defended the Roman provinces and their cities. I have terrified the enemies of the Roman name and bravely withstood their attacks. I have sent cavalry and soldiers against them – the enemy always gave way. I routed the enemy and surpassed them in war and conquered.

S2W15

THE VOICE OF THE ANGEL: Homō sē fortiter laudat!

The man praises himself strongly.

SECOND VOICE: Propter mē gentēs prōvinciīs fīnitimae legiōnēs Rōmānās timuērunt; eae saepe prīncipēs in castra Rōmānōrum dē pāce mīsērunt. Mēcum prīncipēs et rēgēs dē pāce ēgērunt. Mihi sē dedērunt. Prīncipēs Gallōrum in castra vocāvī. In castra convēnērunt! Frūmentum petīvī. Magnam cōpiam in castra portāvērunt. Omnēs hominēs mē timuērunt. Omnēs gentēs nōmen rēgis Rōmānī audīvērunt.

On account of me, the tribes near the provinces feared the Roman legions; they often sent (their) chiefs into the camp of Romans concerning peace. The chiefs and kings treated with me about peace. They gave themselves up to me. I called the chiefs of the Gauls into the camp. They came together into the camp. I demanded grain. They carried a large supply into the camp. All men feared me. All tribes heard the name of the Roman king.

VOICE OF THE ANGEL (There was a deeper earnestness in the voice.): Cūr cum multīs gentibus bellum gessistī? Cūr eās pepulistī, terruistī, vīcistī?

Why have you waged war with many tribes? Why did you rout and terrify and conquer them?

VOX REGIS (And his voice seemed to swell as though he were speaking in the Roman Senate.): Propter glōriam et salūtem Senātūs Populīque1 Rōmānī!

For the glory and the welfare of the Roman Senate!

(Suddenly another voice broke in, harsh with malicious hatred.)

THIRD VOICE: Nōn! Nōn propter ea! Sed quod cupidus fuit glōriae et imperiī! Pācem nōn petīvit, sed gladiōs et bella et caedem petīvit. Flūmina et silvās et oppida corporibus complēvit; mīlitēs et nautās caedī dedit quod SIBI glōriam petīvit. Praemium eī dabō EGO.

No! Not on account of that, but because he was eager for glory and power! He did not seek peace, but swords and wars and slaughter. He filled rivers and forests and towns with bodies; he gave soldiers and sailors to slaughter because he sought glory for himself. I will give him (his) reward.

VOX REGIS (shaken and fearful): Quis es tū? 1 Populīque = et Populī

Who are you?

S2W15

THIRD VOICE: Aaah! Mē nōn vīdistī, sed nōn longē ā tē āfuī. Omnia vīdī. Tē autem nōn monuī. (A shrill, diabolical laugh.) Tēcum semper in terrā fuī – nunc mēcum manēbis in saecula saeculōrum!

Ah! You did not see me, but I was not far away from you. I saw everything. I did not warn you, however. I was always with you on earth – and now you remain with me forever!

(A black shadow passed swiftly across the light . . . a shriek, and then again the peace and the brilliance. Then I knew that another had entered.)

VOICE OF THE ANGEL: Quis es?

Who are you?

THE NEW VOICE: Chrīstiānus sum.

I am a Christian.

VOICE OF THE ANGEL: Quid petis? Petisne glōriam cum Chrīstō?

What do you seek? Do you seek glory with Christ?

CHRISTIANUS: Deum et Chrīstum petō. (then silence)

I seek God and Christ.

THE GUARDIAN ANGEL: Is sē nōn dēfendet neque laudābit. Ego autem semper cum eō fuī. Servus imperātōris Rōmānī fuit. Lēgem autem Chrīstī fortiter tenuit; in nomine Chrīstī ōrāvit. Imperātor autem eum, quod Chrīstiānus fuit, in vinculīs2 tenuit. Metus autem mortis et vulnerum eum nōn mōvit neque terruit. Spem in grātiā Chrīstī posuit et fidem semper tenuit. Itaque Rōmānī eum occīdērunt.

He will neither defend nor praise himself. But I was always with him. He was a slave of the Roman emperor. However, he bravely held the law of Christ; he prayed in the name of Christ. The emperor, however, held him in chains because he was a Christian. But fear of death and of wounds neither moved nor terrified him. He placed hope in the grace of Christ and always held the faith. And so the Romans killed him.

2 vinculum, i: chain

S2W15

(The light grew slowly more intense and a new voice, stronger and more tender, spoke:) Intrā3 in gaudium4 Dominī tuī5:

Enter into the joy of your Lord.

(Vocēs undique audivi:) Glōria Patrī et Fīliō et Spirīituī Sānctō sīcut erat in prīncipiō et nunc et semper et in saecula saeculōrum. Amēn.

Glory be to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit, as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.

The vision faded.

3 Intrā: enter! 4 gaudium, i: joy 5 tuus, a, um: your

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henlelatinhelps.files.wordpress.com · Web viewHENLE LATIN. FIRST YEAR LATIN. SEMESTER 2 STUDENT WORKBOOK . ANSWER KEY . CHALLENGE A. Exercises 118 - 185. Semester 2: Week 1: 118-122,