WATER, ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT NEXUS ORGANIZED BY · 12:30 – 12:50 182: Water-energy nexus: Efficiencies and sustainability in demand management Aisha Bello-Dambatta Bangor University,

1

1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON

WEEN-2019

ABSTRACT BOOK

WATER, ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT NEXUS ORGANIZED BY GLOBAL NETWORK FOR RESEARCHERS (GNR)

(www.gnrwebs.org)

SEPTEMBER 5-8, 2019

HOTEL DOUBLE TREE BY HILTON,

TOPKAPI, ISTANBUL, TURKEY

WEEN-2019

http://www.gnrwebs.org/

WEEN

2019

General Information

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ORGANIZED BY

GLOBAL NETWORK FOR RESEARCHERS (GNR)

Conference Venue

Hotel Double Tree by Hilton

Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey

Language

The official conference language is English.

Registration Hours

Thursday, September 05 4:00 PM – 7:00 PM

Email: [email protected]

General information

mailto:[email protected]

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2019

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Program

The technical program includes invited plenary and keynote lectures, oral sessions and

poster presentations.

Oral Presentations

Oral presentations are scheduled for 15 minutes of presentation and 5 minutes of Q&A.

All presentations should be in PowerPoint or PDF formats. A laptop and LCD projector will

be available in all sessions. Each presenter is requested to bring the presentation in a USB

storage device and upload it to the laptop before the session begins. All presentations will

be destroyed at the end of the session.

We urge all presenters to use the provided laptop for presentation so as to minimize

changeover times.

Since we have a very tight and fully packed program, we request all the delegates to be

punctual and respect the allocated timeslots.

In case of absence of some presenter, next presenter shall be called for presentation.

Poster Session

The dimensions of the poster board will be 594 mm (Width) x 841 mm (Height) (or

equivalently 23.3 in (W) x 35 in (H)). This corresponds to A1 size in portrait layout. Posters

are to be put up according to the assigned Paper IDs.

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Road Map of Conference Venue

Istanbul Airport

to Venue

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HONORARAY CHAIRS (WEEN SERIES)

Prof. Dr. Jiri Jaromir KLEMES

2018 Highly Cite Researcher

Co-Editor in Chief

Journal of Cleaner Production (Impact Factor: 6.395)

Subject Editor Energy

(Impact Factor: 5.537)

Head of Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory (SPIL),

NETME CENTRE

Brno University of Technology Czech Republic

Prof. Dr. Ashok Pandey

2018 Highest Cited Researcher (Top 1% among 4000 in the World)

Editor-in-Chief Bioresource Technology (Impact Factor: 6.669)

Distinguished Scientist

CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, India

Executive Director (Honorary)

Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, India

WEEN SERIES CHAIRS

Dr. Muhammad

Aslam

Dr. Aqeel Ahmed

Bazmi

Dr. Inamullah Bhatti

WEEN Chairs

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CHAIRS OF WEEN-2019

Asst. Prof. Dr. Abdulaziz

Atabani

Erciyes University Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan

Kim

Inha University South Korea

WEEN SERIES CO-CHAIRS

Dr. Muhammad

Yasin

Dr. Asim Laeeq Khan

Dr. Gopalakrishnan Kumar

Dr. Syed Awais Ali

Shah Bokhari

WEEN Chairs

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2019

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WEEN-2019 intends to recommend the selected papers to the Special Issues of ISI-indexed and Impact Factor Journals depending on the quality and suitability to the journal's scope.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research(Springer)

Impact Factor: 2.914

International Biodeterioration &

Biodegradation(Elsevier)

Impact Factor: 3.824

Applied Sciences

(MDPI) Impact Factor: 2.217

Biotechnology Report

(Elsevier) Cite Score: 4.57

Partner Journals & Special Issues

https://link.springer.com/journal/11356



https://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-biodeterioration-and-biodegradation



https://www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci





https://www.journals.elsevier.com/biotechnology-reports



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Prof. Dr. Zainuddin Abdul Manan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia

Prof. Dr. Jiri Jaromir KLEMES, DSC Brno University of Technology - VUT Brno, Czech Republic

Prof. Dr. Ashok Pandey Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, India

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan Kim Inha University, Republic of Korea (South)

Plenary Speakers

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Prof. Dr. Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia

Asst. Prof. Dr. Saira Asif PMAS-ARID Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gopalakrishnan Kumar University of Stanvanger, Norway

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

Invited/Keynote Speakers

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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suresh Kumar Nagarajan Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Asst. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan

Asst. Prof. Dr. Syed Awais Ali Shah Bokhari

COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan

Invited/Keynote Speakers

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Thursday, September 5th

Friday, September 6th

16:00 – 19:00 Registration

16:00 – 17:00 Scientific committee advisory meeting

17:00-18:00 Editorial meeting for special issues

08:30 – 09:30 Registration

09:30 – 10:00 Inauguration/ Opening Ceremony

09:35 Welcome Address by Conference Series Chair

09:40 Address of Guest of honour

09:50 Address of Chief Guest

10:00 Vote of Thanks by WEEN Chair-2019

10:20 – 10:55 Coffee/Tea Break

Detailed Program

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Plenary Session

Venue: Conference Hall-A

10:55 – 11:25 Driving industrial implementation of process integration for sustainable development Prof. Dr. Zainuddin Abdul Manan

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

11:25 – 11:55 In persuit to hybrid anaerobic membrane biotechnology for wastewater reuse and energy recovery Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan Kim

Inha University, Republic of Korea (South)

11:55 – 12:25 Water, energy and environment nexus in circular economy Prof. Dr. Jiri Jaromir KLEMES

Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic

12:25 – 12:55 Prospects of renewable energy from agri-biomass: Global energy demand vs sustainability Prof. Dr. Ashok Pandey

CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, India

13:00 – 14:30

Lunch Break

Technical Session I: Water/Wastewater


Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan Kim Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Gopalakrishnan Kumar

Technical Session II: Environment

Venue: Conference Hall-B

Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Jiri Jaromir KLEMES Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb

14:30 – 15:00 Keynote Talk: Anaerobic membrane biotechnology for bioenergy and resources recovery from wastewater: Current status, opportunities and perspectives

Dr. Muhammad Aslam

COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan

Keynote Talk: Industrial symbiosis via process integration

Prof. Dr. Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia

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15:00 – 15:20 154: Synthesis of immobilized FeTAML oxidation catalyst for orange (II) dye removal in wastewater treatment

Nabilah Ismail Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia

173: High performance catalytic sheet filter of V2O5-WO3/TiO2 supported-SiC for NOx reduction

Joo-Hong Choi

Gyeongsan National University, Republic of Korea (South)

15:20 – 15:40 184: Grey water reclamation through recycled RO membranes

Jawwad Ahmed

National University of Science and Technology, Pakistan

122: Synthesis of anion exchange material from waste blast furnace slag and its application to adsorbent for harmful anion

Teruhisa Hongo Saitama Institute of Technology, Japan

15:40 – 16:00 132: Water Planning Framework for Alfalfa Fields using Treated Wastewater in Qatar : A Water-Energy-Environment Nexus Approach

Fatima-Zahra Lahlou Hammad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar

102: Environmental impact assessment of a nitrogenous fertilizer (CAN 27%N) produced in Algeria

Ali Makhlouf

Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi Ouzou, Algeria

16:00 – 16:30

Tea/Coffee Break (Networking + Poster Presentation)

Technical Session III: Energy/Alternative fuels


Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Zainuddin Abdul Manan Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Inam Ullah Bhatti

Technical Session IV: Environment


Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Joo-Hong Choi

16:30 – 17:00 Keynote Talk: Biomass to fuels and bioproducts: Trends and views for future biorefinery utopia

Prof. Dr. Gopalakrishnan Kumar

University of Stanvanger, Norway

Keynote Talk: Biomass to Biofuels: Oman's perspective

Prof. Dr. Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb

Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

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17:00 – 17:20 114: Comparison of building performance between a conventional house and a High Energy Performance house

Amel Limam CNERIB, Algeria

142: Lavandula stoechas essential oil from Algeria: Aromatic profile determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and biological activities

Lynda Lamoudi University of Science & Technol., Houari Boumediene,

Algeria

17:20 – 17:40 181: Hydrogen production potential from the paper and pulp industries wastewater in India

Saroj Sundar Baral BITS Pilani K K Goa Campus, India

149: Recyclable household waste in Annaba City, Algeria

Hamza Cheniti ENSMM Annaba, Algeria

17:40 – 18:00 160: Waste to energy: Biodiesel production from Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium) seed as a novel waste feedstock

Seyed Salar Hoseini Tarbiat Modares University, Iran

180: Contribution of calcined natural Pozzolana to sustainability of high performance concretes

Talah Aissa University of Science and Technology, Algiers, Algeria

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Saturday, September 7th

Technical Session V: Environment


Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Inam Ullah Bhatti

Technical Session VI: Water/Wastewater

Venue: Conference Hall-B Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan Kim Co-Chair: Dr. Aisha Bello-Dambatta

9:00 – 9:30 Keynote Talk: Benzene exposure among tanker workers during unloading of petrol at gas stations

Prof. Dr. Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Keynote Talk (185): Mathematical modelling of simultaneous water and energy considering water management hierarchy options for batch Processes

Prof. Dr. Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia

9:30 – 9:50 111: Analysis of flooding risk in the urban environment: Case study of Algiers city

Boualem El Kechebour University of Science & Technol., Houari Boumediene, Algeria

170: Effectiveness analysis of the development upstream land use : Case study of cibanten watershed

Siti Murniningsih University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

9:50 – 10:10 148: Thermal treatment of alum sludge for wastewater Cr (VI) removal

Zineb Salem University of Science & Technol., Houari Boumediene, Algeria

186: Bio-hythane and bio-methane production from dairy wastewaters: A study to understand the role of operational constraints on their energetic and environmental footprint

Roberto Ramírez-Díaz National University of Colombia, Colombia

10:10-10:30 169: Elaboration of thin layers of copper oxide semiconductor: application in the environment

Soraya Bouachma

CRTSE, Algeria

179: Degradation and biodegradability enhancement of tannery waste effluent using hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation processes

Virendra Kumar Saharan Malavia National Institute of Jaipur, India

10:30-11:00 Tea/Coffee Break (Networking + Poster Presentation)

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Technical Session VII: Energy

Venue: Conference Hall-A Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi Co-Chair: Asst. Dr. Muhammad Aslam

Technical Session VIII: Water-Energy

Venue: Conference Hall-B Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Inam Ullah Bhatti Co-Chair : Asst. Prof. Dr. Saira Asif

11:00 -11:30 Keynote Talk: Optimization on pretreatment of rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis) oil via esterification reaction in a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor

Dr. Syed Awais Ali Shah Bokhari COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan

Keynote Talk: Methyl ester synthesis of Pistacia khinjuk seed oil by ultrasonic-assisted cavitation system

Dr. Saira Asif PMAS-ARID Agriculture University, Pakistan

11:30 – 11:50 183: Effect of dust and shade on the performance of solar PV systems

Adnan Shariah

Jordan

137: Determination of optimal discharge system for dense wastewater from an environmental perspective through modeling

Iman Moshiri-Tabrizi University of Tehran, Iran

11:50 – 12:10 165: The influence of UV irradiance on the short-circuit current for monocrystalline and polycrystalline: Case of a semi-arid region

Fatima-Ezzahra Dahr IRESEN, Morocco

188: Assessment and simulation of biogas generation and emissions: Case study of Bizerte landfil

Sana Abid

ENIS, Tunisia

12:10 – 12:30 187: Environmental sustainability assessment of a two-stage continuous process for the synthesis of hydrogen and electricity from renewable resources

Roberto Ramírez-Díaz National University of Colombia, Colombia

108: Evaluation of the quality of groundwater in the zone of the irrigated Perimeter Guelma-Bouchegouf (Northeast of Algeria)

Benhamza Moussa University of Annaba, Algeria

12:30 – 12:50 182: Water-energy nexus: Efficiencies and sustainability in demand management

Aisha Bello-Dambatta Bangor University, U.K

213: Biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose -nanofibrous membrane based hybrid tubes for water filtration

Muhammad Awais Naeem Jiangnan University, China

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13:00 – 14:30 Lunch Break

Technical Session IX: Water-Energ-Environment

Venue: Conference Hall-A Session Chair: Prof. M. P Gopinath Co-Chair : Prof. Dr. Virendra Kumar Saharan

Symposium: Big Data to Improve Global Water


Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Suresh Kumar Nagarajan Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Mohanasundaram. R

14:30 – 15:00 Keynote Talk: Monitoring inland water quality using sensors

Dr. Suresh Kumar Nagarajan VIT University, India

Video Conference Presentations

15:00 – 15:20 220: Role of data science in resource management

M. P. Gopinath VIT University, India

15:20 – 15:40 214: A pilot-scale study to investigate the effects of biochar on poultry litter composting

Md. Muktadirul Bari Chowdhury Hajee Mohammad Danesh Sci. and Tech. Univ. Bangladesh

15:40 – 16:00 164: Benchmark of cloudless sky detection algorithms using pyranometric measurements of global horizontal irradiance

Omaima El Alani IRESEN, Morocco

16:00-16:20 152: Degradation of sulfaquinoxaline by UV/Na2S2O8 and UV/Na2S2O8/Fe(II): Effectiveness and toxicological evaluation

Lilya Boudriche CRAPC Research Center, Algeria

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16:30 – 17:00 Tea/Coffee Break (Networking + Poster Presentation)

17:00 – 17:30 Working sessions closing remarks

20:30-22:00 Gala Dinner/musical night

Sunday, September 8th

09:30 – 04:30 Recreational City Tour

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Poster Presentations

Sr. # Paper ID Presenter Country Abstract Title

1. 1 P-103 Hanane Tounsi Algeria Reduction of nitrates from the photovoltaic industry by continuous

electrocoagulation

2. P-215 Saira Asif Pakistan Assessment of biodiesel and its efficiency from Moringa Olifera L.

3. 2 P-107 Soraya Akretche-Kelfat Algeria Valorization and management of agricultural waste in the chemical fields

4. P-209 Zakir Khan United

Kingdom

Rheological improvement in performance of low rank coal water slurries

using novel cost effective additives

5. P-216 Awais Bokhari Pakistan A review on biodiesel production from Xanthium sibricum Patr seed oil

6. 4 P-125 Farida Kaouah Algeria Photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disrupting compound using Xerogel

composite beads (CaAlg/ZnO) as catalyst: Effect of different parameters

7. 6 P-157 Bekhedda Kheira Algeria Structural Study of Silicon thins films doped with Cerium

8. P-172 Zufishan Shamair Attari Pakistan Ionic Liquid Braced Membranes for CO2 Capture

9. 7 P-159 Yahia Kaci Algeria Soil fertilization by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)

10. 8 P-163 Laâldja Meddour-

Boukhobza

Algeria Synthesis and characterization of Fe-Co-O spinel oxides: Application to

catalytic degradation of pollutants

11. P-211 Humaira Tabassum Pakistan Reorientation of Pakistan's energy policy: Integrated energy planning (IEP)

frameworks implementation and perspectives

12. 9 P-176 Jeyid Yacoub El

Moubarrack

Morocco Effects of saline water on soil salinity under drip irrigation without drainage system in an arid climate

13. P-171 Nitasha Habib Pakistan Environment Friendly Membranes for Effective and Efficient CO2 Capture

14. 11 P-147 Abdelkader Debab Algeria Biomaterials' potential as coagulants in wastewater treatment

15. P-202 Salman Raza Pakistan Recent developments on sewage sludge pyrolysis and its kinetics: resources

recovery, thermogravimetric platforms and innovative prospects

16. P-217 Awais Bokhari Pakistan Review on green fuel production from non edible seeds of Azadirachta

Indica.A Juss

17. 12 P-153 Mohamed Laid Boukelloul Algeria Impacts of underground mining of horizontal deposits on the soil and

subsoil environment. Case of the mines of Algeria

18. 1P-210 Muhammad Asif Pakistan Transportation energy demand and emissions forecasts for Pakistan:

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3 Towards sustainable transportation and environmental management

19. P-201 Abdul Hanan Pakistan Wastewater as a resource for bioenergy, nutrients and water reuse:

Anaerobic membrane biotechnology as a sustainable solution

20. 14 P-144 Suzana Yusup Malaysia Evaluation of equilibrium, kinetics, and mechanism properties of CO2

adsorption onto the palm kernel shell activated carbon

21. 15 P-166 Tanzila Anjum Pakistan Preparation of Antifouling Mixed Matrix Membranes comprising of

Polysulfone and porous UiO-66, Zeolite 4A and their composite (Zeolite 4A@UiO-66) for the Treatment of Drinking Water

22. P-208 Tahir Fazal Pakistan Macroalgae and coal-based biochar as sustainable bioresource reuse for

treatment of textile wastewater 23. 1

6 P-189 Muhammad Maaz Pakistan Synthesis of microalgal biochars and its effect on membrane fouling mitigation

in fluidized bed membrane bioreactor

24. 17 P-190 Asim Waseem China Treatment of car wash station wastewater using waste almond shells as a

resource with ferric chloride and wastewater recycling: Towards sustainable wastewater management

25. P-218 Awais Bokhari Pakistan A review on Ricinus communis as feedstock for biodiesel production

26. 19 P-192 Muhammad Aslam Pakistan Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR): A magnetic approach to

wastewater treatment and application platforms for environmental

sustainability

27. 20 P-193 Hafiz Muhammad Zia ul

Noor

China Cross-linked acrylic based superabsorbent polymers incorporated with magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Swelling and antibacterial performance

28. P-205 Manzar Ishaq Pakistan Deep eutectic solvents: Properties and potential applications in membrane

technology 29. P-206 Shakhawat Hossain Republic

of Korea

Comparative review on passive micromixers: mixing evaluation

30. 21 P-194 Hafsa Khan Pakistan Metal organic frameworks as adsorbents for hazardous wastewater treatment

31. 22 P-195 Bazla Sarwar Pakistan Metal organic framework photocatalytic membrane reactors for water and

wastewater treatment

32. 24 P-196 Raana Fahim China Synergistic long term temperate-climate nitrogen removal performance in

pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF CW): Toward sustainable and clean water production

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33. 25 P-178 Zaman Tahir Pakistan Bio-MOF-11 Incorporated Mixed Matrix Membranes for Efficient Gas

Separation

34. 26 P-123 Zohra Sadouk-Hachaichi Algeria Degradation of clopidogrel by Pseudomonas spp. strain isolated from

algerian wastewater

35. 27 P-199 Naila Amin Pakistan Energy recovery from municipal solid waste: Current status, challenge and

perspectives

36. 28 P-200 Muhammad Masood Khan China Hazardous wastewater treatment with low cost sorbent with in-situ

regeneration using hybrid solar energy-electrochemical system

37. P-158 Nabil Bousbia Algeria Contribution to the study of the effect of hot microwave-air drying on the

characteristics of a local tomato variety

38. P-203 Mohsin Ali Pakistan Mixed matrix membranes incorporated with sonication-assisted ZIF-8

nanofillers for hazardous wastewater treatment

39. P-204 Hammad Saulat China Review of wind speed pattern data and wind energy potential in Pakistan

40. P-197 Muhammad Kashif Shahid Republic

of Korea Anaerobic membrane bioreactors: A brief review on recent advancements emphasizing on fouling issues

41. P-198 Zeeshan Hameed Pakistan Gasification of municipal solid waste blends with biomass for energy

production and resources recovery: Current status, hybrid technologies and

innovative prospects

42. P-104 Fatma Hassaine-Sadi

Algeria Removal and recovery of heavy metals (Cr , Ni, Cd) from wastewater by membrane processes coupling purification-concentration

43. P-219 Saira Asif Pakistan An assessment of biodiesel production methodologies from Lucky nut (Thevatia peruviana) seed oil- An overview

44. P-150 Mechehoud Naima Algeria Photooxidation of Mg dye in aqueous solution by UV/PS process and ecotoxicity study

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PLENARY SESSION

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PL-1.

Driving industrial process integration implementation for sustainable

development

Zainuddin A. Manan

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia


Process integration (PI) is a systematic approach to manage and facilitate sharing and

exchange of materials and resources (energy, water, power and materials)

among/across units, processes, areas or even companies within an industrial park. PI

contributes to achieving the triple bottomline benefits of resource utilisation efficiency,

cost savings and sustainable development through industrial symbiosis. Process

Integration (PI) techniques enable companies to target and explore the scope and extent

of resource efficiency improvement possible for their processes. The retrofit measures

may range from changes in operating conditions that require no investment cost, to

those demanding high investments that are typically backed by higher return on

investment. Even though there have been numerous successful accounts of PI

applications worldwide, there are still many companies that have yet to explore the

feasibility of implementing PI techniques, and as a result, have yet to realise the full

potential of PI application in stretching the limits of resource efficiency improvement.

While the lack of awareness of the PI methodology have been effectively addressed by PI

experts through short courses and workshops; resistance to change and skepticism of

the scope, benefits and practicality of PI implementation remain as among the key

obstacles to PI implementation in many companies. This lecture highlights some typical

barriers for practical implementation of process integration projects, possible approaches

to overcome these barriers and key strategies and value propositions to effectively drive

successful industrial PI implementation to achieve the triple bottom-line benefits of

improved efficiency, profitability and environmental sustainability.

Keywords: Process Integration; Industrial implementation; Sustainable development;

Industrial symbiosis; Resource efficiency


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2019

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PL-2.

In persuit to hybrid anaerobic membrane biotechnology for wastewater reuse

and energy recovery

Jeonghwan Kim

Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Namgu, Inharo-100,

Incheon, Republic of Korea


Growth of anaerobic membrane biotechnology research to advance resource recovery

and wastewater treatment has increased rapidly. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor

(AnMBR) is to combine anaerobic bioreactor with membrane filtration. The AnMBR can

provide high effluent (permeate) quality at relatively short hydraulic retention time

(HRT) while long solid retention time (SRT). Most importantly, the AnMBR can produce

renewable energy in form of methane. However, particular concern is the accumulation

of contaminants on membrane termed as fouling and its control requires much energy.

Advances in AnMBR in treatment of domestic sewage have produced anaerobic fluidized

bed membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) to reduce membrane fouling at low energy (less than

0.1 kwh/m3) while improving system performance. Granular activated carbon (GAC) is

often used as fluidized media to provide not only high surface area for biofilm formation

but also scouring to clean membrane. Innovations of AFMBR have been proven from

laboratory to pilot-scale studies, but development of alternative media to compensate

disadvantages of GAC need to be made. Although significant progress has been made

with various AnMBRs, there are still several major challenges that need to be resolved.

The effluent produced contains high amount of nutrients without solid materials, thus

post-treatments need to be considered to produce a satisfactory permeate quality that

meets the non-potable reuse purposes. Alternatively, the reclaimed wastewater from

AnMBR may be reused for agricultural irrigation while retaining nitrogen and

phosphorous, but harvesting nutrients with microbial safety should be a key challenge.

Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor; Resource recovery; Wastewater reuse,

Anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactor; Fouling


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2019

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PL-3.

Water, energy and environment nexus in circular economy

Jiri Jaromir KLEMES

Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory (SPIL), NETME CENTRE, Brno University of

Technology-VUT Brno, Czech Republic


The concept of Water-Energy-Environment nexus, where environment has been mainly

represented by GHG (greenhouse gas,) relies on pathways among these three

interdependent sectors from an industrial point of view: the water production, the

energy generation and GHG emission sectors. The utilisation of water and energy in

developing and functioning communities and plants generates waste (like GHG

emissions) in addition to the services from water and energy consumption. Energy is

required for water generation, operation and distribution. Water is also necessary for the

generation and operation/conversion of energy as well as manufacturing processes.

Energy production and utilisation related human activities are the main contributors to

GHG emissions. Water, energy, and GHG have become crucial indicators of social

development and environmental sustainability and base of the circular economy. The

consumptions of water and energy, as well as GHG emissions are closely related to

environmental sustainability achievement via the metabolism of the ecosystem and

human society. The confluence of declining water availability, expanding energy demand

and quality as well as increasing climate change impacts makes addressing water,

energy and GHG issues together with a critical global and regional need. In recent

studies, the nexus between these three key factors have been increasingly emphasised,

which is pivotal for decreasing environmental footprints and crucial for the circular

economy. The literature review highlighted the research gaps, the cases and data serve

as a foundation for future development. The methodologies section illustrated the

methods would be applied in future work. The comprehensive study on water-energy-

GHG nexus of multi-sectors needs still a strong research focus. The critical transmission

sectors of water-energy-GHG should also be more developed. The assessment

framework of “critical transmission sectors of water-energy-GHG nexus”, has been

established in this study.

Keywords: Water, energy and environment nexus; Circular economy; GHG emissions;

environmental sustainability; ecosystem


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2019

26

Technical Session I: Water/Wastewater

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2019

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Keynote Talk.

Anaerobic membrane biotechnology for bioenergy and resources recovery from

wastewater: Current status, opportunities and perspectives

Muhammad Aslam

Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore

Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan


Overall deficiencies of water, energy and climate change are receiving increased

attention for economical and sustainable wastewater treatment processes. A few

systems have been recommended to give solution for the need. Wastewater has been

investigated as a source for nutrient, biogas, volatile fatty acids, and biohydrogen

recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to remove resources from wastewater. Membrane

biotechnology is found very promising method for resources recovery. Anaerobic

membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology holds great potential in waste treatment, and

energy consumption. Using AnMBR can decrease carbon footprint, sludge production,

increase sludge retention time quality of effluent and eliminates wastewater impact on

environment. This talk presents analytical and complete perspective on recent advances

in anaerobic membrane biotechnology for resources and bioproducts recovery from

waste water along with challenges and opportunities.

Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor, Nutrient recovery, Biogas, Biohydrogen;

Volatile fatty acids


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2019

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Paper ID-154

Synthesis of immobilized FeTAML oxidation catalyst for orange (II) dye removal

in wastewater treatment

Nabilah Ismail1, Nur Khairunnisa Nazri1, Leonard James Wright2, Terrence J.

Collins3

1 School of Fundamental Science, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,

Terengganu, Malaysia

2 School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand

3 Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA

*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)

The development of a simple and inexpensive process that enabled the purification of

large volumes of water by the selective oxidative destruction of harmful minor

contaminants such as organic dyes and endocrine disruptors is a very important goal.

Such a system would find application and uptake world-wide, especially in the cost-

effective remediation of contaminated waste water streams. The development of special

polymer films that could incorporate a range of oxidation catalysts, including iron TAMLs,

could provide the means to achieve this goal. Iron TAMLs are macrocyclic tetraamide

iron complexes that are efficient homogenous catalysts for oxidations with hydrogen

peroxide. TAMLs are composed of non-toxic elements and breaks down into

environmentally benign products at the end of its useful lifetime. They have a number of

favourable attributes including high activity and efficiency, high water solubility, and

they are relatively simple to prepare. The use of an immobilized iron TAML oxidation

system could provide a more cost effective and greener alternative than current

technologies such as activated carbon, chlorine and membrane filtration. We have

prepared a number of immobilized catalytic oxidation films and our preliminary results

with this technique shows that it can oxidatively destroy aqueous solutions of organic

dyes such as Orange (II) in an efficient manner. Details of the development of these

techniques and the results of the oxidative destruction of organic pollutants will be

discussed further.

Keywords: Orange (II) dye; FeTAML catalyst; Hydrogen Peroxide


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2019

29

Paper ID-184

Grey water reclamation through recycled RO membranes

Jawwad Ahmed, Yousuf Jamal*

Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Chemical and

Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad

44000, Pakistan


Reuse of recycled RO membranes after oxidative treatment as ultrafiltration membranes

promises to bring membrane filtration at par with conventional treatment processes in

terms of cost-effectiveness. Although the treatment process in which discarded RO

membranes are converted into ultrafiltration membranes is well documented, limited

pilot data is available for their application in different filtration applications. This research

gap is felt because most commercially available RO membranes are spiral wound while

the ultrafiltration membranes commonly used for water filtration applications are hollow-

fiber, and pilot scale data will help to develop performance guidelines and predict fouling

characteristics of different types of feed waters. In the current paper, converted RO

membranes are subject to filtration with domestic grey water as the feed source. The

results show that the converted membranes performed at par with conventional

filtration, while also providing a consistent filtrate turbidity of < 1 NTU. The reduction in

cost and physical footprints, and recycling of membranes that would otherwise have

ended up in landfills, are added advantages that makes this an attractive proposition for

grey water filtration applications.

Keywords: Grey water; Reclamation; Recycled RO membranes; Ultrafiltration


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2019

30

Paper ID-132

Water Planning Framework for Alfalfa Fields using Treated Wastewater in

Qatar: A Water-Energy-Environment Nexus Approach

Fatima-Zahra Lahlou, Hamish R. Mackey, Tareq Al-Ansari*

Hammad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar


The state of Qatar is challenged by food insecurity due to its extreme climate and

extremely limited water resources. For agriculture, water comes from rapidly depleting

groundwater reserves or through energy intensive desalination. Considering the large

industrial infrastructure in Qatar, wastewater generated from associated operations can

be treated to produce high purity water. The treated wastewater (TWW) can be used to

enhance food production due to its high nutritional content, and to alleviate water

scarcity in the country. As wastewater can be from different sources, i.e. municipality

and industry, the nutritional content of TWW varies accordingly.

This research investigates the water-energy-environment nexus approach for a water

planning framework. The model suggests a decision-making scheme, which identifies the

optimum allocation of the different sources of TWW to be used in cultivating alfalfa at

minimum cost, energy demand and environmental footprint. The annual crop water

requirements have been computed for Alfalfa considering the weather conditions and

different cutting seasons. The TWW sources are allocated depending on their nitrogen,

phosphorus and potassium contents to meet the nutritional requirements for optimum

alfalfa growth. The energy requirements and carbon footprint are computed based on

the wastewater treatment process, the distribution system and the distance between the

wastewater treatment plants and the alfalfa fields. The proposed research demonstrates

that TWW effectively and optimally distributed to surrounding Alfalfa farms at minimal

environmental and economic cost.

Keywords: Wastewater reuse; Water; Energy; Food; Environment; Agriculture


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2019

31

Technical Session II: Environment

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2019

32

Keynote Talk

Industrial Symbiosis via Process Integration

Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi

Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Department of Chemical Engineering

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia


Industries play a key role in providing continuous supply of human’s essential needs

including food, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, building materials and equipment. Rapid

population as well as industrial growth have been accompanied by rising demands for

utility resources and widespread environmental pollution. Over the last four decades,

Process Integration (PI) has emerged as a holistic approach for the optimal planning,

design and retrofit of minimum resource utilisation networks. PI promotes symbiosis and

synergy by maximising resource utilisation efficiency and minimising wastes among

interacting processes, industry and systems. In this lecture, state-of-the-art PI

techniques for the supply, demand and end-of-pipe management are highlighted to

minimise consumption of resources such as energy, water, gas, solvents, CO2 and solid

wastes.


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2019

33

Paper ID-173

High performance catalytic sheet filter of V2O5-WO3/TiO2 supported-SiC for NOx

reduction

Joo Hong Choi1*, Ajit Dattatray Phule1, Jin Hyoung Kim2, Seongsoo Kim3

1 Department of Chemical Engineering/ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju

52828, Korea

2 Kyungsung Industry Co., LTD, Noksansandan 382 Ro 14 Bungil 41, Kangsu Gu, Busan,

Korea

3Department of Mechatronics Convergence, College of Engineering, Changwon National

University, Bldg. 51, 20, Changwondaehak-ro, Changwon 641773, Korea


The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 over catalyst based on

V2O5WO3/TiO2 is the best effective benchmark technique to reduce efficiently NOx

emissions from stationary and mobile sources. We prepared the SiC sheet filters with

different size (38, 38-53, & 53 µm) SiC powder. Also the thickness of the SiC filter had

varied to see the change in V2O5WO3/TiO2 catalyst loading and NO conversion

performance at different reaction temperature (240-340 ˚C). Increase in the thickness

(double) of the SiC sheet filter, increases the catalyst loading over the filter. As a result,

NO conversion performance improved from 80% (BM25SF_SiC53) to more than 94%

(BM25SF_SiC10mm_53) at reaction temperature range of 260-340 ˚C with Nx leakage

less than 80 ppm in the reaction temperature range of 280-320 ˚C. Microstructural

study with the help of an optical images explained the surface morphology of the SF with

empty and buried (with catalyst) pores. Mn as an alternative to vanadium (50%) in

V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst powder, which helps the NO conversion performance to be

consistent i.e. 99.9% with Nx leakage less than 50 ppm at reaction temperature range of

260340 ˚C. Mn is a best substitute to vanadium without compromising the NO

conversion performance in VWT catalyst powder.

Keywords: NOx reduction; Catalyst; Filter; Vanadium; Sheet


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2019

34

Paper ID-122

Synthesis of anion exchange material from waste blast furnace slag and its

application to adsorbent for harmful anion

Shie Yamaguchi, Yu Shimamura, Teruhisa Hongo*

Department of Life Science and Green Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama

Institute of Technology, Japan


Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a by-product generated in the iron making process. The BFS

has been discharged in large quantities and mostly reused as raw materials for cement,

roadbed, and concrete aggregate. However, the amount of use of BFS in these fields

tends to be saturated. Therefore, exploring new utilization of BFS becomes increasingly

important. In this study, we have developed a synthesis process of anion exchange

material from BFS. Furthermore, we have also revealed that the anion exchange

material have high adsorption ability for borate.

Keywords: Blast furnace slag; Adsorbent; Anion exchange material; Borate


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2019

35

Paper ID-102

Environmental impact assessment of a nitrogenous fertilizer (CAN 27%N)

produced in Algeria

Ali Makhlouf1*, Gaetana Quaranta2, Ramdane Kardache1, Raouf Chaabia, Hamza

Cheniti3

1 Department of Geological Sciences, FSBSA, Mouloud MAMMERI University, Tizi-Ouzou,

Algeria

2 EOST, Laboratoire dHydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7517, Strasbourg,

France

3 Départment des Mines, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines et de la Métallurgie

Annaba, Algérie


This paper aims to assess the environmental impact of a fertilizer produced in Algeria.

The Functional Unit chosen for this study is One ton of CAN at 27% of Nitrogen. In first,

a detailed inventory of energy and materials flows for all life cycle of the product has

been completed, and primary data collection was executed at the production facilities

located in Algeria and completed by “Ecoinvent” database. Particularly, the energy

performance and Greenhouse Gases (GHG) of the product (CAN 27% of N) were

assessed. Evaluation of the impact was carried using GEMIS 4.7 software according to

life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method and expressed with the “CML” method.

Results have focused on the assessment of energy efficiency (Cumulative Energy

Requirement (CER)) and of GHG emissions quantification. Global Warming Potential

(GWP) is very significant due to the GHG emission of 2.46 t CO2 eq/FU of CAN. CO2 is

the most important GHG emission factor with 1.136 t/t of CAN. The results show that the

Algerian fertilizers production process is characterized by its high energy requirement

(13.49 GJ/t of CAN), this request higher than the world average. The overconsumption

in the Algerian process increases the cumulative energy requirement. Two factors

contribute to explain this overconsumption of energy in the Algerian fertilizers production

process, the first is related to the multiple restarts of the plant following the failures that

usually occur. The second factor is the efficiency of the catalytic reaction in the upstream

processes (NH3 and HNO3).

Keywords: Algeria; CAN 27%N; FERTIAL; GHG; CER


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2019

36

Technical Session III: Energy/Alternative

fuels

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2019

37

Keynote Talk

Biomass to fuels and bioproducts: Trends and views for future biorefinery

utopia

Gopalakrishnan Kumar

Institute of Chemistry, bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of

Stavanger, Norway,

School of civil and Environmental Engineering, Yunsei University, Seoul, Republic of

Korea

Email: [email protected]; [email protected]

In recent years algae biotechnology and biofuels are emerging, mainly due to the fossil

fuel resources depletion and unavoidable dependence on energy sources for day today

life of human society. Besides, the algae biofuels gained more attention because of the

fact that the biomass productivity is higher compared with other organic wastes or

terrestrial cellulose feedstock in terms of land use. Besides, algae are high in lipid and

carbohydrate content based on its dry weight. The major advantage of algae is that it

can be grown in wastewater, and during the growth it will consume the CO2 (mitigation

of CO2), which is a major greenhouse gas responsible for many environmental issues.

Thus, utilizing algae for the biofuel production would reduce the significant amount of

CO2 in the atmosphere and also act as a feasible feedstock for the production of

biodiesel, bio ethanol, bio-methane and biohydrogen. In this talk, the characteristics of

various algae, algal biotechnology in environmental remediation, bio-prospecting of algal

consortia, hydrolysis methods, advantages and barriers of algae biofuel production will

be discussed. Additionally, new areas of research for the valorization to various

biopolymers could be interesting for the researchers to focus on in near future.

Keywords: Algae; Biofuel; Biopolymers; Wastewater; CO2 Mitigation



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2019

38

Paper ID-114

Comparison of building performance between a conventional house and a High

Energy Performance house

Amara Mohamed, Derradji Lotfi, limam Amel*, Boudali Errebai Farid

National Center of Studies and Integrated Research on Building Ingineering (CNERIB)

City nouvelle El MOKRANI, Suidania, Algiers 16097, Algeria


The building performance monitored over one year of a conventional house and a High

Energy Performance house in the city of Djelfa, Algeria is presented in this paper. These

two houses which differ in building fabric, orientation of the rooms and thermal

insulation, use of different energies and residents’ occupancy result in distinct building

energy performance and indoor air quality. According to the measurement data, the

primary energy demand (electricity and natural gas) of the conventional house and high

energy performance house were 454 kWh/m2 and 209 kWh/m2, respectively while the

annual average indoor temperature and relative humidity of the two houses were

maintained in the temperature range of 25 °C to 35 °C and an interval on relative

humidity of 15 to 45% for the conventional house. A temperature range of 24 °C to

31 °C and a relative humidity range of 15 to 50% for the high energy performance

house. The temperature and the relative humidity were maintained in thermal comfort

range with the use of electricity for the summer air-conditioning and the natural gas for

the winter heating. The results indicate that the reduction of space heating demand is by

about 55 % and space air conditioning demand is by about 40 % by using these simple

passive energy efficiency techniques in the buildings located in the city of Djelfa, Algeria.

Keywords: High Performance Energy house; conventional house; energy consumption;

Monitoring


WEEN

2019

39

Paper ID-181

Hydrogen production potential from the paper and pulp industries wastewater

in India

Saroj Sundar Baral*, Dileep Maarisetty, Janaki Komandu

Department of Chemical Engineering BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, India


Energy-water nexus holds key for sustainable development amidst raising population

and global industrialization. Rapid growing industries have left an indelible mark on the

ecosystems. In the view of addressing the top two crisis (energy and water), this review

is divided into two parts; discussion on phenol remediation; second on hydrogen

production. A complete statistical analysis of phenol generation around the world and

also in India is discussed by taking paper and pulp industry as the source or reference

point. Similarly, H2 productions from various non-renewable and renewable energy

sources are compared in terms of cost and sustainability. With AOPs going in full swing,

the focus has been dedicated to photo-catalysis for efficient degradation and also the

energy production from it. Besides, the underlying mechanisms for OH radical and H2

generation are detailed to explore the factors that influence their production rate. The

shortcomings in the technology such as low optical response in visible region, high

recombination of photo-generated charge carriers and their transport are reviewed and

proposed some emerging ways to overcome them with a systematically approach.

Construction of composite catalysts that offers higher quantum yield, hydrogen

production under sun light and making it more cost effective and long-lasting is the gist

of this work.

Keywords: Paper & pulp industry; wastewater; Phenol; Hydrogen; Advanced Oxidation

Process; Photocatalysis


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2019

40

Paper ID-160

Waste to energy: Biodiesel production from Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium)

seed as a novel waste feedstock

S.S. Hoseini, G. Najafi*, B. Ghobadian

Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran


Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium) is a fruit that is used in different areas of Iran. It has

also a lot of seeds which have no special applications and are considered as waste. Since

the Bitter Orange seed has a lot of oil in it (38%), so its seed can be a suitable source

for generating energy from wastes. Thus, in this research, the view of producing

biodiesel from the oil of Bitter Orange seed has been studied. Based on the high acid

value of Bitter Orange seed (16.58 mgKOH/g), so the Esterification reaction was done at

the first level and the amount of acid value was decreased to 1.2 mgKOH/g. at the next

level, the transesterification reaction was done and the reaction process was optimized in

order to catch the most biodiesel yield. The results showed that in the optimal conditions

(reaction temperature 60˚C, catalyst value 1 wt% (KOH), Rotational Speed of magnetic

stirrer at 600 rpm and the molar ratio of methanol per oil 8:1) the maximum amount of

biodiesel yield (97%) is obtained. By investigating the physical and chemical properties

of the produced biodiesel, it was found that all the measured physical and chemical

properties of the Bitter Orange seed oil biodiesel are according to the ASTM standard.

According to the obtained results, we can conclude that the Bitter Orange seed is a

suitable source for generating energy from wastes.

Keywords: Waste to biodiesel; Citrus aurantium seed; physicochemical properties;

feedstock


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2019

41

Technical Session IV: Environment

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2019

42

Keynote Talk

Biomass to Biofuels: Oman's perspective

Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb

Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan

Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman


Due to increasing concerns about global warming and dwindling oil supplies, the world’s

attention is turning to green processes that use sustainable and environmentally friendly

feedstock to produce renewable energy such as biofuels. Biomass type and availability

depends on specific region and specifically for Oman it posses arid land and Date palm

waste is abundant here. Date palm occupies 54 per cent of total agricultural land in the

country. It exists in large amounts in Oman with around 200 cultivated varieties and the

total production of dates in Oman reached 308,000 tonnes in 2018 from 281,000 tonnes

in the previous year. As, Oman’s major contributor to economy is Oil sector, but due to

limited reserves and complex geology the main concern to ponder on is to find some

alternative, potential and sustainable energy sources. While all inevitable issues related

to fossil fuels push the researchers to dig out viable alternatives. Biofuel from non-edible

feedstock pose to be a suitable alternative fuel for energy production and transportation.

However, due to some challenges, the production of biofuels is limited such as suitability

and availability of feedstock, and production cost. In order to overcome these issues

Date Pits which is agricultural waste due its excess availability and cheapness can be

suitable feedstock for producing biofuels. The oil extracted from Date Pits can be

transformed into biofuels such as biodiesel, green diesel and jet fuel fractions. Moreover,

biodiesel produced from waste Date pits can potential alternative fuel which is nontoxic,

biodegradable and renewable. Biodiesel is produced by transesterification in which oil or

fat is reacted with short chain alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. Thus, Date palm

waste is potential alternative for biofuels as well as it will help to for waste management

to resolve the environmental issues.

Keywords: Waste; Biomass; Biofuel; Green additives


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2019

43

Paper ID-142

Lavandula stoechas essential oil from Algeria: Aromatic profile determined by

gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and biological activities

Lynda Lamoudi1*, Siham Boubkeur2, Soraya Akretche-Kelfat1, Kamel Daoud1

1 Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology

Houari Boumediene, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.

2 CRD. Saidal


Lavandula stoechas essential oils (EOs), obtained from plants grown in the North of

Algeria, were gathered, dried, hydrodistilled and their essential oils analyzed by gas

chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty compounds were

identified, three of them (1,8-cineole, L-fenchone, and camphor) accounting for more

than 60% of the total oil in all the analyzed samples. This characterization was

completed with different biological activities, Antioxidant activity was evaluated

positively by DPPH method, the anti-inflammatory activity, mainly due to fenchone and

camphor was evaluated positively. The essential oil was screened for antimicrobial

activity by disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against

bacteria and fungus. Results reveal that Lavandula stoechas essential oils are inhibitory

against the tested bacteria and fungal strains. These properties support the potential use

of L. stoechas EOs as natural cosmetic and natural pharmaceutical ingredients for

several skin diseases.

Keywords: Lavandula stoechas; Essential oils; Aromatic profile, Biological activities


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2019

44

Paper ID-149

Recyclable household waste in Annaba City, Algeria

Hamza Cheniti*, Ali Makhlouf

Ecole nationale supérieur des mines et de la métallurgie ENSMM Annaba


In Algeria, the issue of solid urban waste began a new start in 2001 with the adoption of

the National Program for Integrated Municipal Waste Management (PROGDEME), whose

objectives are, among other things, the elimination of uncontrolled landfills, and

promotion of recycling and selective sorting activities to improve the quality of the

environment and protect public health. A series of works punctuated this new approach

and gave rise to a relative quantification of the reality of waste in Algeria.

Also, in 2009, the Ministry of Territorial Development reported on the possibility of

recovery of 760,000 T / year or 385,000 T / year of paper, 130,000 T / year of plastic,

100,000 T / year of metals, 50,000 T / year of glass, 95,000 T / year of various

materials (MATETCNFE, 2009).

In the city of Annaba, this work shows that the recyclable fraction is important and

proportional to the standard of living (where the average is 33.82% of the wet mass) in

the rich neighbourhoods than in the rest from the city (where it varies on average from

21.70% to 30.40%) with an average for the city of 27.86%. This proportion is close to

the national average (28%) and that of some cities in developing countries: Haiti - 26.6

to 31.1%; Amman / Jordan: 31%; Istanbul / Turkie: 34%.

Keywords: Household waste; recyclable waste


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2019

45

Paper ID-180

Contribution of calcined natural Pozzolana to sustainability of high performance

concretes

A. Talah*, M.E. Belgacem, I. Challah

University of Science and Technology, Built Environment Res. Lab. (LBE), Algiers, Algeria


This paper reports an experimental study of contribution of finely calcined natural

Pozzolana (FCNP) used as partial replacement of Portland cement (PC) on the

mechanical properties and durability of high performance concretes. The analysis of the

experimental results on concrete at 10% content of finely calcined natural Pozzolana

with a fineness modulus of 9600 cm2/g, in a chloride environment, showed that it

contributes positively to the perfection of its mechanical characteristics, its sustainability

with respect to water absorption and migration of chloride ions. On the basis of the

experiments performed, it can be concluded that the FCNP is appropriate for formulation

of high performance concretes (HPC) and their properties are considerably better

compared to the reference concrete (RC).

Keywords: Calcined natural Pozzolana; Sustainability; High performance concretes


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2019

46

Technical Session V: Environment

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2019

47

Keynote Talk.

Benzene exposure among tanker worker during unloading of petrol at gas

station

Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya

Institute of Chemical and Bio-Engineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur

Malaysian


The studies on the exposure of benzene on a high exposure area have been made

throughout the years. Benzene exposures data are compared with the current legislation

form Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) and National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health (NIOSH). Tanker worker are being expose to benzene at 0.167 ppm to

0.833 ppm at a period of 45 minutes to 95 minutes at one unload session. The data

shows that all mean Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL) benzene exposure still within the

range appointed by OSHA and NIOSH of 5 ppm and 1 ppm. Both likelihood and posterior

decision in Bayesian Decision analysis gave a rating of 3 (very high) on benzene

exposure to the tanker worker.

Keywords: Benzene; Exposure; Petrol; Gas station


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2019

48

Paper ID-111

Analysis of flooding risk in the urban environment: Case study of Algiers city

Boualem EL Kechebour, Imad Eddine Khaldoun, Ali Ahmed-Chaouch

University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Faculty of Civil

Engineering, Laboratory of Water, Environment, Geomecanique and Works, Bab Ezzouar,

Algiers, Algeria


The objective of this research work is to present an Analysis on flooding hazard and its

risk reduction. The identification of the existing correlations between the town

management and the vulnerability of a site allows the implementation of preventive

measures. During the urban design phase, the assumption of the risk is integrated in the

standards and rules of construction and urban development related to each specific site.

On existing urbanised sites, the reduction of the risks consists in making decisions to

reduce the fragility of the environment using several artifices. The research work starts

with an analysis of the natural phenomena as ground movement and flooding hazard. It

concludes by the identification of the interactions between the urban management, the

urbanization and the vulnerability of the City. Some Recommendations for disaster

reduction in the city of Algiers are presented.

Keywords: Analysis; Flooding Risk; Urban Environment; Urban Management;

Recommendations


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2019

49

Paper ID-148

Thermal treatment of alum sludge for wastewater Cr (VI) removal

Djekoune Leila, Salem Zineb*, Boumehdi Leila

University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene/ FGMGP, LSGPI, BP 32 El-

Alia. Bâb-Ezzouar, 16111. Algiers, Algeria


The objective of this study was to investigate Cr (VI) removal from aqueous solution

using low cost adsorbents such as alum sludge from water production plant. The

characterization of this material was determined by using different analysis methods. To

improve Cr (VI) adsorption on alum sludge, we treated thermally this material by

calcination. The kinetics results of Cr (VI) adsorption on the calcined material at various

temperatures and time showed that the optimum of Cr (VI) elimination is obtained by

using the temperature of 300°C, during 2 hours. The results of the comparative study on

the performances of calcined and not calcined alum sludge showed that: The adsorption

is favorable with acid pH. The Cr (VI) removal is more important with not calcined alum

sludge, and decreases with the high initial concentration. The use of calcined alum

sludge allowed to reach a Cr (VI) concentration of 0.11 mg L-1, that is below the

standard norm to discharge in the environment. The kinetic study shows that for both

materials there is a better correlation with Langmuir and Freundlich. The data are well

correlated with pseudo second order kinetic model and Cr (VI) adsorption is spontaneous

(∆G° <0) and endothermic (ΔH°>0). These results showed that using alum sludge could

be a promising solution for Cr (VI) removal in wastewater treatment.

Keywords: Alum sludge; Adsorption; Cr (VI); wastewater; Kinetics


WEEN

2019

50

Paper ID-169

Elaboration of thin layers of copper oxide semiconductor: Application in the

environment

Soraya Bouachma1* Amina Charane2, Imene Tounsi2, Noureddine Gabouze1

1 Centre de Recherché en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour I’Energetique, Algiers,

Algeria

2 Faculte de Genie de Mecanique, USTHB, Bab-Ezzouar Algiers, Algeria


Copper oxides (CuO) are wide-gap p type semiconductors (1.2 eV up to 1.8 eV) that

have many interesting properties (piezoelectric, optical, catalytic, chemical, etc.). A wide

range of applications makes them the most studied materials of the last decade,

especially in thin film form. In this work, we are interested in the synthesis of CuO thin

films on n-type porous silicon and ITO, for the realization of NH3 gas sensor. Two

methods were used: thermal evaporation and oxidation (annealing), consists of the

deposition of homogeneous pure layer of Cu on PS which is annealed at temperature 300

°C/3 h.

The structural, morphological and optical characterizations of the ITO/CuO and PS/CuO

deposit thus produced were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron

microscopy (SEM), (FTIR), UV spectroscopy and contact angle measurement. The

electrical properties of thin films of studied by "current-voltage" (I-V) measurements at

room temperature in the "Sandwich" semiconductor/oxide configuration. This study

made it possible to obtain a sensor that is very sensitive and with an extremely fast

response time of the order of 1 second for NH3.Thus, the determination of the different

parameters of the Schottky junction between copper oxides and porous silicon (PS/CuO)

was studied.

Keywords: Copper oxide; Thermal evaporation; Thin layers; Porous silicon; Gas sensor;

NH3


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2019

51

Technical Session VI: Water/Wastewater

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2019

52

Keynote Talk (Paper ID-185)

Mathematical Modelling of Simultaneous Water and Energy Considering Water

Management Hierarchy Options

Mohd Arif Misrol1, 2, Lily Shafikah Mansor1,2, Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi1,2*, Lim

Jeng Shiun1,2, Zainuddin Abdul Manan1,2, Farah Nabilah Abdul Basir1,2

¹ Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Research Institute of Sustainable

Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

2 School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia


Growing awareness regarding sustainability leads to minimisation effort of non-

renewable energy, as well as water. Both are closely linked to each other as the water

sources may be available at different temperatures, while water demands may require

different temperature values. Most of the previous works mainly focus on integration of

water and energy only, without consideration of strategies to reduce water consumption,

namely Water Management Hierarchy (WMH). This concept advocates water

minimization via the steps mentioned in increasing priority order; regeneration,

outsourcing, reduction, and elimination. Optimization for batch processes may be

relatively given lesser focus compared to continuous processes, although it is mainly

applied in certain prominent industries, such as food, biofuel, and pharmaceutical. In this

study, a mathematical modelling for simultaneous integration of energy and water

considering WMH for batch processes is developed. The superstructure consists of a set

of sources and demands with provision of regeneration, outsourcing, and fresh water

units. Time is considered in the model given batch process is time dependant. The model

is planned to be solved in two main steps; the first step involves direct heat transfer and

optimization of the minimum energy and water network. This step will also include

options as per WMH in the equations. The second stage will optimize consideration for

indirect heat transfer or heat integration. Main objective of the model is to obtain

minimum total annual cost. A case study is conducted to determine the model’s

applicability.

Keywords: Optimization; Water and energy; Water management hierarchy; Batch

process


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2019

53

Paper ID-170

Effectiveness analysis of the development upstream land use : Case study of

cibanten watershed

Siti Murniningsih

University of Indonesia, Indonesia


The future Raw water need in the District/City of Serang and Cilegon is expected to

increase along with the rapid growth of population, economy and development. In

anticipation of the increase in the raw water requirements, efforts in meeting water

needs in the District/City of Serang and Cilegon are necessary to be done. One of the

potential source of water that is enough to overcome this problem, based on the Study

on Cidanau Cibanten Water Resources Development Project by JICA in 1992, is that

Cibanten River has a great potential for the construction of a dam. This study aims to

analyze the effectiveness of the development upstream land use due to meet the water

needs in the district/city of Serang and Cilegon. In order to achieve the objectives of the

study, hydrology analysis calculations using the model SCS-CN and HEC-HMS Geo has

been conducted. The case study it is based on the detailed information from the

Geographic Information System (GIS) available for upstream Cibanten Watershed. The

comparison between the averaged and distributed CN will calculated to analyze the

effect of spatial land use variability on the surface runoff, whereas the limitation of the

soil humidity and choose directly CN with the normal condition. Based on the projected

population growth in 100 years in Sindang Heula water basin, the maximum deficit value

in the water basin is approximately 21 Million m3

Keywords: Upstream land use; SCS-CN; HEC-HMS Geo


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Paper ID-186

Bio-hythane and bio-methane production from dairy wastewaters: A study to

understand the role of operational constraints on their energetic and

environmental footprint

Roberto Ramírez-Díaz*, Dorian Prato-Garcia

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]; (Email)

Hythane (H2:10-30% and CH4: 90-70%) is an emerging fuel that improves the speed

and extends combustion, and reduces the greenhouse gas emissions due to its lower

carbon content. In the last decades, the production of hythane through anaerobic

digestion (AD) from different agro-industrial effluents has been fostered. Cheese whey is

considered a substrate with ample potential due to its high organic load (COD: 70 gO2/L)

and availability (9 L/kg of cheese). Despite the advantages of bio-hythane, little is

known about the environmental footprint that its production through the biological

pathway could leave. In this work, we evaluated the energetic and environmental

performance of the production of hythane from cheese whey through the biological

pathway. The environmental analysis of the process was performed through a life cycle

analysis (LCA) as indicated in the ISO 14040. Results of LCA indicate that more energy

can be obtained (9-15%) from the bio-hythane production process; however, this

alternative leads to greater emissions (12-34%) of greenhouse gases (kgCO2-Eqv/kg of

COD). It must be pointed out that the synthesis of hythane presents a higher

consumption of electricity (19%), vapor (50%), and reagents for the purification process

(11-17%). In both processes, the consumption of vapor was of 76% to 84% of the total

energy consumption. The energetic integration of the productive processes was a key

element for the environmental performance of the process as it led to energetic

excedents of close to 70% and to reductions in the carbon footprint of 31.6% (bio-

methane) and 44.8% (bio-hythane).

Keywords: Hythane; Methane; Energy potential; COD removal; Carbon footprint


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Paper ID-179

Degradation and biodegradability enhancement of tannery waste effluent using

hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation processes

Virendra Kumar Saharan, Suja George, Shivendu Saxena

Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur,

302017, India


This study reports the degradation of organic pollutants present in tannery waste

effluent (TWE) using hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) such as HC + ozone (O3), HC

+ H2O2 and HC + Fenton's reagent. HC treatment alone caused a reduction of 14.46%

chemical oxygen demand (COD), 12.60% total organic carbon (TOC), 10.01% total

dissolved solids (TDS) and 34.82% total suspended solids (TSS) of the TWE samples at

the optimum inlet pressure of 500 kPa within 120 min. It also caused an increase in

biodegradability index (BI) value from 0.33 to 0.43 indicating increased biodegradability.

HC combined with O3 was effective as COD and TOC reduction increased to 26.81% and

17.96% respectively at the optimum loading of 7 g/h of O3. HC combined with H2O2 also

significantly enhanced the degradation efficiency to a maximum of 34.35% COD and

19.71% TOC reduction due to the enhanced generation of hydroxyl radicals. However,

HC combined with Fenton's process was found to be the most efficient hybrid process for

the treatment of TWE at a maximum reduction of 50.20% COD and 32.41% TOC

respectively at FeSO4.7H2O/H2O2 ratio of 1:3 (w/w) with BI value increased from 0.28 to

0.46. Further, when HC treated TWE effluents were subjected to anaerobic digestion,

66.7% higher yield of biogas was obtained as compared to raw TWE. It has been

observed that he anaerobic digestion of HC treated TWE provided better performances in

comparison to raw TWE in terms of lower acclimatization time, higher COD reduction and

more biogas generation.

Keywords: Hydrodynamic cavitation; Tannery wastewater; Biodegradability Index;

Advanced oxidation Processes


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Technical Session VII: Energy/Alternative

fuels

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Keynote

Optimization on pretreatment of rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis) oil via

esterification reaction in a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor

Awais Bokhari

Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,

Pakistan


Pretreatment of the high free fatty acid rubber seed oil (RSO) via esterification reaction

has been investigated by using a pilot scale hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) reactor. Four

newly designed orifice plate geometries are studied. Cavities are induced by assisted

double diaphragm pump in the range of 1–3.5 bar inlet pressure. An optimised plate with

21 holes of 1 mm diameter and inlet pressure of 3 bar resulted in RSO acid value

reduction from 72.36 to 2.64 mg KOH/g within 30 min of reaction time. Reaction

parameters have been optimised by using response surface methodology and found as

methanol to oil ratio of 6:1, catalyst concentration of 8 wt%, reaction time of 30 min and

reaction temperature of 55 °C. The reaction time and esterified efficiency of HC was

three fold shorter and four fold higher than mechanical stirring. This makes the HC

process more environmental friendly.

Keywords: Optimization; Pretreatment; Rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis);

Esterification; Hydrodynamic cavitation


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Paper ID-183

Effect of dust and shade on the performance of solar PV systems

Adnan Shariah, Ehab Al-ibrahim

Physics Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110, Irbid , Jordan


Solar photovoltaic modules are manufactured by semiconductor materials which convert

solar radiant energy coming from the sun into direct electricity current. Solar became

the most important renewable energy technologies in the sense of new generating

capacity installed. Worldwide total PV installations represented 71.1 GW in 2011 and 480

GW at the end of 2018 according to the latest statistics published by IRENA [1].

However, solar power generation has still faces some problems like: the conversion

efficiency of solar cells is lower, and the output power of photovoltaic (PV) array has

great relationship with irradiation and temperature [2]. Regardless the problems

described above, one of the most important and critical problems on the photovoltaic

field are the shadowing and dust effects. Shaded conditions is sometimes inevitable

because some parts of the photovoltaic system receives less intensity of sunlight due to

several factors such as clouds, time of the day, season of the year or even shadows from

neighbouring objects [3], or environmental factors such as dust accumulation [4].

In this work we studied experimentally the effect of dust and shade on the performance

of solar photovoltaic system at Jordan University of Science and Technology campus.

After a comprehensive study carried out the obtained results show that both hard

shading and dust accumulation have significant reduction in the performance of PV

module.

Keywords: Performance of PV modules; shade; dust

1) The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) Renewable Capacity Statistics

2019 report.

2) Zhou, Tianpei, and Wei Sun. "Study on maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic

array in irregular shadow." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 66

(2015): 227-234.

3) Zhou, Tianpei, and Wei Sun. "Study on maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic

array in irregular shadow." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 66

(2015): 227-234.

4) Elminir, Hamdy K., et al. "Effect of dust on the transparent cover of solar collectors."

Energy conversion and management 47.18 (2006): 3192-3203.


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Paper ID-165

The influence of UV irradiance on the short-circuit current for monocrystalline

and polycrystalline: Case of a semi-arid region

Dahr fatima-ezzahra1, 2, 3*, Bah Abdellah2, Ghennioui Abdellatif1, 3

1 The Institute of Research in Solar Energy and New Energies (IRESEN), Rabat, Morocco

2 ERTE, Ecole Normale Supérieure de l'Enseignement Technique, Université Mohammed V,

Rabat, Morocco

3 The Institute of Research in Solar Energy and New Energies (IRESEN), Benguerir, Morocco


Prolonged exposure of photovoltaic (PV) modules to solar radiation, especially ultraviolet

(UV) radiation in the presence of high temperature, may cause yellow or brown

discoloration at the ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) layer. This anomaly can infect any area

of the module. The results show that the short-circuit current (Isc) is the parameter

most affected by discoloration. There is, therefore, a relationship between the electrical

characteristics and the UV dose. The aim of this work is to determine the impact of the

cumulative UV dose over time on the short-circuit current (Isc) for both polycrystalline

and monocrystalline technologies, for the semi-arid region, using the data of Isc

measured at Green Energy Park, Benguerir-Morocco, and data of the solar spectrum

simulated by the model of radiative transfer SMARTS (simple Model of the Atmospheric

Radiative Transfer of Sunshine). The plotted curves indicate that the degradation curve

is an increasing logarithmic curve.

Keywords: UV irradiation; Short-circuit current; Monocrystalline; Polycrystalline; Semi-

arid


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2019

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Paper ID-187

Environmental sustainability assessment of a two-stage continuous process for

the synthesis of hydrogen and electricity from renewable resources

Roberto Ramírez-Díaz*, Dorian Prato-Garcia

Universidad Nacional de Colombia


Dark fermentation (DF) is the most promising biological process to generate hydrogen

(H2), because of its low operation costs and high production capacity. However, the DF

can convert 10-20% of the energy contained in the substrate to H2. The integration of a

second treatment stage (To produce methane: CH4) would allow increase recovery of

energy. Some studies have pointed out that its necessary to quantify the environmental

impacts associated with some activities of the bioenergy production to improve the

environmental sustainability of these processes. In this study was to assess the

environmental sustainability of a two-stage continuous process (TSCP) that included the

purification of H2 (99.75%) and generation of electricity from CH4. In the LCA, the four

main stages indicated in the ISO 14040 were taken into account. The data required for

the LCA were obtained from a biological treatment system at a pilot scale simulated in

Aspen HYSYS®. The LCA evidenced that the consumption of electricity was a critical

activity of the TSCP, as it represented from 23.7 to 79.4% of the relative impact on the

environmental categories: global warming, fossil resource depletion, human toxicity, and

ionizing radiation. However, the electricity produced from CH4 warrants the energetic

self-sufficiency of the process and excedents of 12.9 to 44.7% per year. Finally, an

increase in COD from 3 to 25 gO2/L increased the yield of H2 production in 88.5% during

the DF stage and favored the reduction of the carbon footprint derived from the total

consumption of energy by the TSCP to 23.9 kgCO2-Eq/kg H2.

Keywords: Hydrogen; methane; electricity; sustainability; COD


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Paper ID-182

Water-energy nexus: Efficiencies and sustainability in demand management

Aisha Bello-Dambatta, Prysor Williams

School of Natural Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Bangor

University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, Uk


The water industry is very energy intensive and on average between 2-3% of the world’s

energy use is used to produce and supply water, and to process and dispose of

wastewater. In the UK for example, around 2% of total energy use is used by water

companies. However, this represents only around 11 % of actual water related energy

use, with around 89% of water-related energy use attributed to water demand,

particularly with hot water use which constitutes around 95% of household water-related

energy use. Water supply and wastewater management operations alone are therefore

poor indicators of actual water-related energy use. Assessment of different water

demands is therefore necessary to provide a better understanding of sectoral water-

related energy use and develop appropriate demand management intervention

strategies. Additionally, given the inextricable link between water and energy use,

reducing demand, especially in hot water use, can significantly reduce overall costs and

emissions. As part of the ERDF Interreg Ireland-Wales Dŵr Uisce project we are working

on scoping and quantifying the water-related energy use of different demands to enable

the benchmarking and development of policy and best practice guidelines for different

water stakeholders. We plan to present an overview of the Dŵr Uisce project and its

objectives as well as initial findings of ongoing audit and rating of wet leisure centres in

Wales.

Keywords: Water; Energy; climate; policy


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Technical Session VIII: Water-Energy

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63

Keynote

Methyl ester synthesis of Pistacia khinjuk seed oil by ultrasonic-assisted

cavitation system

Saira Asif

Department of Botany, PMAS-ARID University Rawalpindi, Pakistan


Synthesis of biodiesel from a non-edible source as Pistacia khinjuk seed oil via ultrasonic

cavitation (UC) system is reported in this study. A heterogeneous catalyst sulphated tin

oxide impregnated with silicon dioxide (SO42-/SnO2–SiO2) was employed during the

transesterification reaction in an UC reactor. Parametric optimisation results revealed the

maximum Pistacia khinjuk methyl ester (PiKME) yield was 88 wt.% at reaction time of 50

min, amplitude of 50%, catalyst amount of 3.5 wt.% and molar ratio of 13:1

(alcohol:oil). Performance of UC at optimised values was compared with mechanical

stirring (MS). UC proved advantageous over MS with 3 times more time efficient. Hence,

the superiority of UC over MS was established. About 3.2 fold higher reaction rate

constant using UC (0.029 min−1) compared to MS (0.009 min−1). PiKME production via

UC can potentially subsidise the overall cost of production by having 3.2 fold higher

reaction rate constant than MS. PiKME met most of the fuel properties enlisted in

EN14214 and ASTM D6751 standards.

Keywords: Methyl ester; Pistacia khinjuk seed oil: Ultrasonic-assisted cavitation


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Paper ID-137

Determination of optimal discharge system for dense wastewater from an

environmental perspective through modeling

Iman Moshiri-Tabrizi, Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzazdeh, Rahmat

SotudehGharebaagh

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran,

Iran


A remarkable number of experimental and modeling studies have been carried out on

the prediction of mixing behavior and dynamics of various industrial effluent discharge

systems into water bodies in recent decades. According to high pollutant and toxicity

content of buoyant and dense discharges, inappropriate disposal can pose a serious

threat to marine ecosystems as well as human's life. So that it is essential to accomplish

design criteria of the optimal system which eventuate in maximum dilution and minimum

environmental impacts. This paper will present results of CFD modeling for the purpose

of achieving the optimal discharge system from an environmental perspective.

Keywords: Effluent discharge; Computational fluid dynamics; Environmental impacts


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Paper ID-188

Assessment and simulation of biogas generation and emissions: Case study of

Bizerte landfil

Sana Abid, Moncef Zairi

Laboratoire Eau, Energy et Environnement, ENIS, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia


Biogas is produced from the decomposition of the organic fraction of municipal solid

waste and they include mainly methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) but also

ammonia (NH3), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2). Atmospheric

methane has adverse effects on the surrounding environment and can affect the human

life. The main objective of this study is to simulate biogas production and emission using

numerical models regarding the particular waste composition, meteorological and

storage conditions, to compare the measured and estimated biogas generation in the

Bizerte landfill. This allows us to offer an optimum management plan of Landfill gas

(LFG) in Bizerte City which has a significant energy potential and represent a possible

source of renewable energy.

The biogas collecting network covers the whole landfill first and second cell and 65% of

the third one. The measured biogas flux since 2016 is about 550 Nm3/h. The SIMCET

software used for biogas production and emission estimation is based on the SWANA

model. The biogas estimated production rate for the year 2016 is found to be

550 Nm3/h. After the closure of the landfill in 2025, the biogas production will be

maximal with a rate 1036 Nm3/h.

Keywords: Landfill; Biogas; Generation; Emissions; Numerical models


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Paper ID-108

Evaluation of the quality of groundwater in the zone of the irrigated Perimeter

Guelma-Bouchegouf (Northeast of Algeria)

Benhamza Moussa; Touati Mounira

Laboratory of Geodynamic and Natural Resources (LGRN) University of Annaba, B.P 12

Annaba–23000 Algeria


Extending about 80 km from East to West, the irrigated Guelma-Bouchegouf perimeter is

located in the North-east of Algeria. It has been promoted since 1996 as an irrigable

area of 9250 hectares (ha). It spans over both banks of the Seybouse Wadi and is

subdivided into five independent units. It contains a shallow water table aquifer that is

vulnerable to pollution from anthropogenic sources. In order to assess groundwater

quality, physicochemical and organic analyzes were carried out during the low flow

period (October 2017) at fourteen shallow wells within the Guelma-Bouchegouf irrigation

area. Chemical analyzes results show that the study area is dominated by chloride-

calcium, sulphate-calcium and chloride-sulphate-calcium water types. The overall

mineralization is controlled by several phenomena such as soil leaching and evaporation

process during high and low flow periods, respectively, acid hydrolysis of underlying

rocks and human activities in the area. From a quality point of view, groundwater is

moderately to highly contaminated by major elements (Mg2+, Na+, Ca2+, Cl-, SO42-),

nitrogen compounds (NO3-, NO2-, NH4+) and phosphates (PO43-) due mainly to the

presence of salt rich evaporitic formations, on one hand, and intensive agricultural

activities, on the other. It is expected that results of this work will help decision makers

to take proper actions to protect soil and groundwater quality in the study area. The

principal component analysis (PCA) made it possible to define homogenous zones of

contamination.

Keywords: Irrigated perimeter; Guelma-Bouchegouf; Algeria; Groundwater water;

Pollution; PCA


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Paper ID-213

Biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose -nanofibrous membrane based hybrid tubes

for water filtration

Muhammad Awais Naeem1*, Qufu Wei1, 2*

1 Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China

2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Textile Fibers and Materials, Minjiang

University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China

*Corresponding authors: [email protected] , [email protected] (Email)

Localized growth of bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibrils on electrospun membrane support

(ENM), to prepare nano-composite structures has been recently reported but it has not

been previously studied for the fabrication of three-dimensional hybrid structures for

water filtration and related applications. In this research work, BC-ENM based small

diameter hybrid tubes were fabricated through in-situ self-assembly. Randomly oriented

ENM where prepared using a simple lab-based electrospinning setup, which comprised of

a grounded stainless steel perforated cylinder rotating around its longitudinal axis at low

speed with help of attached motor. Afterwards, the tubular ENM along with the

perforated cylindrical supports were introduced into a lab-made horizontal bioreactor

which contained Hestrin and Schramm bacteria growth medium and the system was

autoclaved at 120C, and inoculated using Acetobacterxylinum seed broth. Air-liquid

interface of bacterial broth was fully covered by tubular ENM, which were placed parallel

to each other along the length of bioreactor and positioned 1-2mm below the broth’s

surface. In this way, after 3days long fermentation at 30C, BC-ENM hybrid tubes were

biosynthesized. As-prepared hybrid tubes were purified and dried. Hybrid tubes’ material

was assessed for structural and mechanical properties. SEM and FTIR verified the

formation of a unified BC network in ENM structure, hence securely binding electrospun

nanofibers to form a stable 3D hybrid structure. Water absorbency, wicking ability and

drying time increased, as a result of MC reinforcement. In conclusion, BC has importance

for hybrid membranes in terms of key material characteristics that are appropriate for

water filtration and related applications.

Keywords: Biosynthesis; Bacterial cellulose; Nanofibrous membrane; Water filtration



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Technical Session IX: Water-Energy-

Environment

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2019

69

Keynote Talk

Monitoring inland water quality using sensors

Suresh Kumar Nagarajan

School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology,

Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India


To process the raw remote sensed data to assess Chlorophyll, Cyano‐phycocyanin,

cyano‐phycoerythrin, Coloured dissolved organic matter, Total suspended matter,

non‐algal particulate matter, Vertical light attenuation, turbidity and Bathymetry.

To design and implement the wireless sensor network to measure the ground

values like Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Conductivity, TDS and temperature. To integrate

remote sensed data and wireless sensed data to display the water quality

parameters of the study area. Research Approach: Technology to achieve the

objectives of the novelty, data retrieved from the Remote sensed image and

Wireless sensor data are integrated.

Keywords: Water; sensors; Quality


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Paper ID-214

A pilot-scale study to investigate the effects of biochar on poultry litter

composting

Md. Muktadirul Bari Chowdhury

Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and

Technology University, Bangladesh


A pilot-scale experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar on-poultry

litter composting. Poultry waste (PW) and different bulking agents i.e. biochar, rice straw

(RS) and rice husk Ash (RHA) were used. Three square-shaped bins were used with a

total volume of 0.733 m. The study was conducted at the Research field of the

Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and

Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. To monitor the composting process and

evaluate compost quality, some physicochemical parameters such as temperature,

moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, volatile solids, total solid,

total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, potassium were measured at

different composting phases. The composting period lasted 100-110 days. Experimental

results showed that the final products had excellent physicochemical attributes (carbon

and nitrogen ratio, C/N: 17.26-22.41, germination index, GI: 119.18-137.77%, total

kjeldahl nitrogen, TKN: 0.97-1.38%, organic matter, OM: 35.22-44.3%, total organic

carbon, TOC: 20.42-25.69%, pH: 7.05-8.12, EC: 4739-6456 μS/cm). For good quality

compost, poultry waste should be used in higher amount (65:15:10:10) than different

bulking agents (RS, RHA and Biochar). The amount of biochar addition also played an

important role during composting especially on TKN content. The produced compost is

mature and stable. Nevertheless, composting duration and bulking agents and their

ratios are crucial factors that determine the quality of the final product. Biochar could be

used as additive materials for poultry waste composting. For accuracy of using biochar

as an additive material in poultry waste composting further experimentation is required.

Keywords: Biochar; Poultry waste; Composting


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Paper ID-220

Role of data science in resource management

M. P Gopinath

School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology,

Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India


Technological advancement are driving exponential growth in data, improving the

efficiency of many sectors and disrupting others. Extracting meaningful information

quickly from the modern-day deluge of data is now a requirement for being successful.

However, generating decision-ready data or predicting future outcomes from

environmental or operational data is challenging and requires specialized skills

interdisciplinary backgrounds that include data analysis, statistics, data visualization,

computer science, and mathematics. Though the applications of big data were confined

to information technology before 21st technology, now it is of emerging area in almost

all engineering specializations. But for water managers/engineers, big data is showing

big promise in many water related applications such as planning optimum water

systems, detecting ecosystem changes through big remote sensing and geographical

information system, forecasting/predicting/detecting natural and manmade calamities,

scheduling irrigations, mitigating environmental pollution, studying climate change

impacts etc.

Keywords: Data science; Resource management


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Paper ID-164

Benchmark of cloudless sky detection algorithms using pyranometric

measurements of global horizontal irradiance

Omaima. El Alani1, 2*, Abdellatif.Ghennioui2, Hicham.Ghennioui1, Yves-Marie

Saint-Drenan3, Phillipe. Blanc3

1Faculty of Sciences and Technology: Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route

d’Immouzer, B.P. 2202, Fez, Morocco

2Institut de Recherche en Energie Solaire et Energies Nouvelles, IRESEN, Green Energy Park,

Km 2 Route Régionale R206, Benguerir, Morocco

3O.I.E. Centre Observation, Impacts, Energy, MINES ParisTech, PSL – Research University,

Rue Claude Daunesse, CS 10207, 06904 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX, France


The evaluation of solar resource requires the use of solar irradiance time series, which

can be obtained from various sources as numerical weather prediction models or from

satellites, the validation of these models necessitates high-quality ground pyranometer

measurements performed for specific sites.

For specific studies, the selection of clear sky instants from measurements including all-

sky types is of great importance, such as the validation of models for estimating or

predicting clear sky radiation, the analysis of the variability due to the optical

transparency of the atmosphere, etc.

Our study aims to compare various algorithms for detecting clear sky instants, for a

semi-arid climate of Benguerir, Morocco, where the surface solar irradiance under clear

sky is the dominant situation, using ground-based measurement of irradiation from a

High Precision Meteorological Station.

Keywords: Time series; Solar irradiance; Clear sky


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Paper ID-152

Degradation of sulfaquinoxaline by UV/Na2S2O8 and UV/Na2S2O8/Fe(II):

Effectiveness and toxicological evaluation

L. Boudriche1*, Z. Safaei2, D. Ramasamy2, M. Sillanpää2, A. Boudjemaa1

1 Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques, BP 384

Bou-Ismail, RP 42004 Tipaza, Algeria

2 Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu

12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland


In order to improve existing treatment technologies for polluted waters, especially those

with refractory organic contaminants, scientists have focused on advanced oxidation

processes (AOPs), which have clearly proven effective in the treatment of various

effluents [1-3]. This study compares the degradation performance of one antibiotic, the

sulfaquinoxaline, by two AOPs processes, using photolysis (UV) in the presence of

sodium persulfate and photo-fenton oxidation. The results revealed that with the

(UV/Sulfate radicals) process at optimal concentration of oxidant (200 mgL-1), the

degradation rate reaches 90% within 5 h of irradiation. While, photo-fenton process

(UV/Sulfate radicals/Fe2+), seems to be more effective than (UV/Sulfate radicals) for

removing sulfaquinoxaline from water, since the degradation rate reaches 100% within

only 60 min of irradiations. The phytotoxicity and ecotoxicity of the treated samples

were studied against one plant species (Sinapis alba) and a crustacean (Daphnia

magna), respectively. At the end of the process, byproducts resulting from

sulfaquinoxaline oxidation by photo-fenton process appear to be more toxic towards S.

alba and D. magna than those obtained by UV-C process, although the last is less

effective in eliminating the antibiotic.

Keywords: Sulfaquinoxaline; Degradation; AOPs; Phytotoxicity; Ecotoxicity

1. I. Michael, Z. Frontistis, D. Fatta-Kassinos, Chapter 11: Removal of Pharmaceuticals

from Environmentally Relevant Matrices by Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs),

Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, 62 (2013) 345-407.

2. G. Boczkaj, A. Fernandes, Wastewater treatment by means of advanced oxidation

processes at basic pH conditions: A review, Chemical Engineering Journal, 320 (2017)

608-633.

3. M. Gągol, A. Przyjazny, G. Boczkaj, Highly effective degradation of selected groups of

organic compounds by cavitation based AOPs under basic pH conditions Ultrasonics

Sonochemistry, 45 (2018) 257-266.


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Poster presentations

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2019

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Paper ID-103

Reduction of nitrates from the photovoltaic industry by continuous

electrocoagulation

Tounsi Hanane1*, Hecini Mouna1, Derouiche Nadhjib1, Chaabane Toufik2

1 Centre de recherche en technologie des semi-conducteurs pour l’énergétique (CRTSE),

2, Bd Frantz Fanon BP140,7-merveilles, 16200, Alger, Algérie

2 Université de sciences et technolohies Houari Boumediene (USTHB), FGM_GP,

département de génie de l’environnement, BP 32 EL Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algerie


The liquid effluents generated by the various photovoltaic cell manufacturing processes,

in particular the surface treatment of the silicon wafers (pickling, degreasing) as well as

the chemical etching require large quantities of reagents such as nitric acid, fluoridic acid

and acetic acid. Consequently, the generation of large amounts of liquid discharges rich

in nitrate and fluoride ions which are often toxic to man and the environment.

Many physicochemical and biological processes have been proposed in order to solve the

nitrate problem. Continuous electrocoagulation is one of the electrochemical processes

that has been tested for its effectiveness on synthetic aqueous nitrate solutions

simulating effluents from the photovoltaic industry. Several parameters such as pH,

amperage and nitrate concentration were studied. The Results obtained showed that the

maximum nitrate removal is 51.67% for a volume of solution to be treated of 3 liters for

a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 and a pH=7.

Keywords: Photovoltaic; Nitrate; Continuous electrocoagulation; Reduction


WEEN

2019

76

Paper ID-215

Assessment of biodiesel and its efficiency from Moringa Olifera L.

Saira Asif1*, Awais Bokhari2, Muhammad Aslam2

1 Department of Botany, PMAS-ARID University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

2 Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,

Pakistan


Biodiesel is the best alternative to diesel fuel and defined as long chain alkyl esters. It is

biodegradable, renewable and environmental friendly as compare to other conventional

biodiesel fuel. The utilization of Moringa Olifera L. as a source of biodiesel captures the

attention in current scenario of food security. Moringa is a good feedstock for biodiesel

production. Fatty acid content is the best indicator of oil usage. In Moringa oil major

fatty acids are oleic acid (42.43%) and α-Linolenic (32.8%). While palmitic, elaidic,

behenic, strearic and palmitoleic and arachidic acids are 9.04, 5.66, 2.98, 2.2, 7.07, and

1.11% respectively. Its high cetane number and density also make it suitable for

biodiesel production. In current review the importance of using non-edible oil for

biodiesel, methods of production and its importance are highlighted.

Keywords: Biodiesel; Biofuel; Energy


WEEN

2019

77

Paper ID-107

Valorization and management of agricultural waste in the chemical fields

Akretche-Kelfat Soraya 1, 2*, Kerbouche Lamia1, Abdellaoui Karima3, 4, Ferhat

Zoulikha 2, Ait Amar Hamid1

1 Laboratory of Industrial Process Engineering Sciences (LSGPI). Faculty of Mechanical

Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari

Boumediene (U.S.T.H.B.), P.O. Box 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Algeria

2 High National School of Agronomy, 1 Avenue Pasteur Hassen Badi, 16200 El Harrach,

Algeria

3 laboratory of reaction engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process

Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (U.S.T.H.B.), P.O.

Box 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Algeria

4Department of Agronomy - Faculty of Sciences, M'hamed Bougara University of

Boumerdes


An opportunity to find a substitute for hexane in the extraction of vegetable oils is

studied. Limonene is an agricultural byproduct that is used in various fields. It also can

used as a green solvent replacing hexane, which causes environmental problems.

Extraction yields of vegetable oils and their fatty acid profiles were studied. It appears

that limonene allowed to obtain higher yields and it has not changed the fatty acid

composition of different oils. Limonene could be the alternative to the use of hexane in

the extraction of vegetable oils.

Keywords: Solvent extraction; Byproduct; Vegetable oils; Hexane; Limonene; Yield;

Fatty acids


WEEN

2019

78

Paper ID-209

Rheological improvement in performance of low rank coal water slurries using

novel cost effective additives

Naila Amin1, 2, Muhammad. Suleman Tahir2, Mehmood Saleem3, Zakir Khan4*,

Muhammad Aslam1, Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi1, Moinuddin Ghauri1, Muhammad

Sagir2

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,

Lahore Pakistan

2 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan

3 Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore,

Pakistan

4 Systems Power and Energy, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow,

G12 8QQ, UK


Coal-water slurry (CWS) has been targeted as a promising fuel and an alternative to fuel

oil. CWS has a numerous advantages of low and convenient transportation with high

solid content. Combustion, gasification and liquefaction of coal-water slurry can be a

potential option if the properties would be improved. This study investigated the

improvement in performance of coal water-slurry using cost-effective additives. The coal

concentration varied from 20-60% while experiments were conducted with and without

additives. The results demonstrated that coal slurry exhibited shear thinning behavior

with increase in viscosity at higher concentration (by weight) without additives. The

behavior of the slurry moved from pseudo plastic to dilatant region after the addition of

calcium lignosulphonate additive. This overall improved the fluidity of CWS. Apparent

viscosity of CWS increased with higher coal fraction in the slurry. Static stability test was

conducted at concentration of 40-60% of all coal samples. The stability of different coal

samples with 40% concentration by weight occurred earlier as compared to 50 and 60%.

Keywords: Coal; Coal water slurry; Low-cost additives; Alternative fuels; Energy


WEEN

2019

79

Paper ID-216

A review on biodiesel production from Xanthium sibricum Patr seed oil

Awais Bokhari1*, Saira Asif2,


Pakistan



In recent times, due to increasing environmental issues and depletion of fossil fuels the

world has been facing up energy crises. To cope up these issues and met the demands

for fuelling the extensive research has been done on alternative energy sources like

biofuel from biomass resources. Presently, many countries utilize edible sources for

biofuel production including soybean oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, etc. but it raises many

controversial issues about food security. In this paper, an investigation has done on the

potential of Xanthium sibricum Patr seed oil which is widely distributed in the temperate

region. It grew alo ng the shores and river and profusely found in Asia, North America,

Africa, Europe, Central America, and the Caribbean. Xanthium sibricum has a low cold

filter plugging point and high oil content i-e (42.34%) as compared to Sapium sebiferum

(38.09%) and Jatropha curcas (12-29%). The composition of Oil’s fatty acid of Xanthium

sibricum is considerably similar to that of soybean oil. Multi-step process involved in

biodiesel production from Xanthium sibricum seeds. The fuel properties fulfil the

standards of ASTM, GB/T, and EN. Hence, the biodiesel produced from the non-edible

Xanthium sibricum seeds could be a valid alternative to diesel fuel and can be used in

the commercial market.

Keywords: Biodiesel; Energy; Non-edible


WEEN

2019

80

Paper ID-125

Photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disrupting compound using Xerogel

composite beads (CaAlg/ZnO) as catalyst: Effect of different parameters

Farida Kaouah, Chahida Oussalah, Wassila Hachi, Salim Boumaza

Laboratory of Industrial Processes Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Mechanical and

Engineering Processes, USTHB, BP 32, 16111 Algiers, Algeria


The presence of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), known as emerging

contaminants (ECs), in the environment has attracted growing concern due to their

toxicity and potential hazard to the ecosystems and humans. The conventional treatment

technologies that use biological processes cannot effectively remove these contaminants.

Therefore, In this work, we focused on the photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A

(BPA) using Xerogel composite beads (CaAlg/ZnO) as catalyst. Several experimental

parameters affecting the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation, including irradiation

time, loading catalyst doses, pH, and initial concentration of BPA were investigated. The

optimum efficiency of degradation of 92 % was achieved at optimized experimental

conditions of pH = 7.1 , a dosage of CaAlg/ZnO equal to 0.2 g/L, a reaction time of 180

min and with an initial concentration of BPA of 20 mg/L. The kinetic studies were

achieved and revealed that the photocatalytic degradation process obeyed a Langmuir–

Hinshelwood model and followed a pseudo-first order rate expression. Results obtained

in this work, indicate that a Xerogel composite beads (CaAlg/ZnO) exhibits good

performance as a catalyst for degradation of BPA in a photocatalytic process.

Keywords: Bisphenol A; Photocatalysis; CaAlg/ZnO xerogel composite beads;

Langmuir–Hinshelwood model


WEEN

2019

81

Paper ID-157

Structural Study of Silicon thins films doped with Cerium

Bekhedda Kheira*, Brik Afaf, Benyahia Badra, Menari Hamid, Manseri Amar

Centre de Recherche en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour l’Energétique (CRTSE) 2

Bd Frantz Fanon, B.P.140 Alger-7 Merveilles, Algiers (Algeria)


In this work, the structural properties of silicon thins films doped with cerium (Ce) were

studied. The silicon films were prepared with low pressure chemical vapor deposition

technique using NH3/SiH4 mixture. Ce films were obtained by evaporation of Cerium

oxide (CeO2) on Si layers and subsequently annealed within the temperature range of

800-1000 °C in N2 ambient. Structural investigations were performed by Raman

spectrometry experiments and scanning electron microscopy. Energy-dispersive X-ray

spectroscopy (EDX) characterization results confirm the successful insertion of Ce3+ in

the silicon at 900 °C annealing for 1 hour. The results presented in this study indicate

that Silicon doped with cerium is a promising material candidate to the development of a

silicon-based light source, particularly for visible light emitting applications and

photovoltaic solar cells.

Keywords: Cerium; Silicon; evaporation


WEEN

2019

82

Paper ID-172

Ionic liquid braced membranes for CO2 capture

Zufishan Shamair 1, Mazhar Amjad Gillani 2, Asim Laeeq Khan1*

1 Membrane System Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS

University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan

2 Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan


Carbon Dioxide (CO2) capture is one of the major industrial operations nowadays

because of its harmful implementation on environment and delivering clean energy

resource. CO2 is separated from flue gasses to reduce the amount of greenhouse gasses

in atmosphere and removed from natural gas to provide clean, low carbon energy. So,

novel cost effective, high performance techniques for carbon capture needed to be

developed and the design of materials with the capacity to efficiently separate CO2 from

other gases is of vital importance. This research is conducted to combine cost and

energy efficient membrane technology with highly selective Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the

selective separation of CO2 from CH4 and N2. It has been reported in literature that

Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes (SILMs) have better performance than conventional

membranes due to presence of ILs having high sorption capacities. A novel IL was

synthesized for SILM based on Benziamdaole and Acetate ions and characterized by

FTIR. The SILM was tested for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 gas mixtures at ambient and room

temperature to determine pure and mixed gas permeability and selectivity. The

incorporation of IL in membranes resulted in enhanced performance of membranes SILM

showed CO2 permeance of 19 GPU and CO2/CH4 selectivity of 37. These results clearly

identify the prominence of IL in membrane technology and potential application for

effective and efficient CO2 separation and it is expected that the synthesized membranes

will play role as efficient separation materials, in particular for flue gas separation,

natural gas purification.

Keywords: SILMS; CO2 Capture; Ionic Liquid


WEEN

2019

83

Paper ID-159

Soil fertilization by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)

Selmani Zakia et Kaci Yahia

Soil Biology Team-LBPO-FSB-USTHB-Algiers


The aim of this work is to analyse the impact of the inoculation of three auxin-producing

bacterial strains (GAS, OS and HACBD2) on the growth of durum wheat (Triticum durum

L. var. Mohammed Ben Bachir). The obtained results show that GAS and HACBD2 strains

produced a great amount of AIA in the absence of tryptophan with values reaching up to

5.04 and 3.28 μg/mL respectively, whereas, the OS strain produces higher yield in the

presence than absence of tryptophan (0, 96 μg/mL). The comparison of these three

strains on the basis of their ability to produce AIA, show that, GAS strain is the best in

both culture conditions. However, if we compare the productivity of the strains

expressed as AIA/protein ratio, we notice that only the OS strain reaches the highest

value. Inoculation of durum wheat seedlings in pots, by the three bacterial strains GAS,

OS and HACBD2, showed a PGPR effect which was expressed by an increase in seedling

growth parameters, particularly in the presence of HACBD2 and OS strains. A large

production of polysaccharides in inoculated seedlings adherent soil, especially for the

strain OS that produces three times more (137.64 μg/mL) than the strain GAS and twice

more than the strain HACBD2, was noticed compared to controlled seedlings. In

conclusion, PGPR can improve the yields of durum wheat crops directly by having effect

on the plants or indirectly by improving edaphic conditions (aggregation of adhering soil

by polysaccharides).

Keywords: Bacteria; PGPR; AIA; Polysaccharides; Adherent soil


WEEN

2019

84

Paper ID-163

Synthesis and characterization of Fe-Co-O spinel oxides: Application to catalytic

degradation of pollutants

Yasmina Hammiche-Bellal1, Nabila Zouaoui2, Amel Benadda1, Laâldja Meddour-

Boukhobza1*, Amar Djadoun1,3

1 LMCCCO, Faculty of Chemistry, USTHB, BP32 El Alia Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algiers

2 LGRE, University of Upper Alsace, Research Institute Jean-Baptiste Donnet, Muhouse

3 Laboratory of Geophysics, FSTGAT, USTHB BP32 El ALIA Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algiers


Fe-Co-O spinel oxides, of different molar proportions Fe/Co, were synthesized by the co-

precipitation method using chloride salts as precursors and sodium hydroxide as

precipitating agent. The prepared materials were characterized by the X-ray Diffraction

method DRX, Texture measurements BET/BJH, Temperature Programmed Reduction

technique and SEM-EDS analysis. The samples showed the phase consisting in cubic

spinel with a lattice parameter varying from 8.084 to 8.396 Å and crystallite size

between 7.7 and 19.2 nm. The BET specific surface area measurements showed some

differences; the highest surface area values were obtained for the mixed oxides. The

synthesized powders had a mesoporous structure with a pore distribution depending on

the Fe/Co proportion. The TPR results suggest the presence of four reduction sequences

in the increasing order of temperature respectively for ionic species Co(3+), Co(2+,)

Fe(3+) and Fe(2+). The catalytic activity of the prepared samples was investigated

towards degradation of various pollutants; ethanol as a model molecule of COV, carbon

monoxide as air pollutant, 4-nitrophenol and methylene blue as organic pollutants in

industrial waste water. The cobalt ferrospinel CoFe2O4 was found to be more active than

other oxides in ethanol combustion reactions. However, the reactivity of cobalt spinel

oxide Co3O4 was proved much better than that of the mixed oxides in the reduction of

4-nitrophenol and also in oxidation process of carbon monoxide and methylene blue.

The single oxides Co3O4 and Fe3O4 showed very close efficiencies as catalysts to reduce

4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. The reduction behavior of the prepared samples is

highly dependent on the oxide composition which is directly related to the catalytic

performance. A good correlation can therefore be established between the catalytic

activity and the redox properties; the catalyst which contains easily reducible species is

more reactive.

Keywords: Iron-cobalt; Oxides; Co-precipitation; TPR; Degradation of pollutants


WEEN

2019

85

Paper ID-211

Reorientation of Pakistan's energy policy: Integrated energy planning (IEP)

frameworks implementation and perspectives

Humaira Tabassum1, Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi 2*, Abdul Waheed Bhutto 3,

Muhammad Aslam4

1 Department of Management Science, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore-Pakistan

2 Process and Energy Systems Engineering Research Centre-PRESTIGE, Department of

Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore-Pakistan

3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and

Technology, Karachi-Pakistan


Lahore-Pakistan


Historically overall objective of Pakistan’s Energy policy has been to develop the energy

sector to support enhance the expanding growing economy. 1994 energy policy brought

a decisive shift in Pakistan's diverse energy sources to promote private sector

participation in the power sector of Pakistan. The Pakistan’s diverse energy sources have

been brought to significant paradigm shift due to the implementation of 1994 energy

policy. Power generation policy 2015 recognized the need to transform power sector of

the country into a modern, efficient and resilient system to enhance energy security.

Literature on energy policy suggest that given the multiple policymakers at all levels,

energy policy is complicated and interconnected and in case of Pakistan, disconnect

vision enslaved in country’s energy policies and what is actually occurring in the energy

sector can be attributed in part to persistent shortfalls in implementation performance.

Poor implementation is the reason for current inefficient state of energy sector. This

article reviews significant constraints of Pakistan’s current energy system and paradigms

of energy policies in Pakistan. Article also analyses the energy policy of leading

developed and developing countries. Article also reviews government level energy

modelling efforts made by Pakistan alongside review of the modelling work done by the

researchers on Pakistan’s energy system and simulation studies on energy system of

Pakistan. It is important to view energy options through the lens of trade-offs. Each

energy option is not all good or bad; rather, it is some combination of both. Managing

the upsides and downsides becomes the central challenge for energy decisions.

Keywords: Energy crisis; Energy planning; Energy policy; Pakistan


WEEN

2019

86

Paper ID-176

Effects of saline water on soil salinity under drip irrigation without drainage

system in an arid climate

Jeyid Yacoub Daye1,2*, Bouya Ahmed Mohamed3, Cherif Ahmed Mohamed3,

Mourad Bakkah1, Eby Mohamedou2, Bouabid El Mansouri1

1 Department of Geology, Ibn Tofeil University, Kenitra, Morroco;

2 Department of Agricultural Engineering and Biosystem, Institute of Science and

Technology (ISET) Rosso, Mauritanie;

3 Department of Agricultural Engineering and Biosystem, Institute of Science and

Technology (ISET) Rosso, Mauritanie


The global shortage of freshwater, more specifically in the arid and semi-arid zone, is

becoming more and more of a problem affecting sustainable agriculture. This is

accompanied by an increase in the salinity level of surface and underground water. The

objective of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of irrigation with different salt

concentration (0.6 control, 3.24, 6.12, and 8.2 dS/m) on soil salinity under a localized

irrigation system. As a crop (Sorghum bicolor) was grown under greenhouse conditions

for nine weeks and then transplanted into four plots P1 to P4, each of which is irrigated

with a different salt concentration level. The different concentrations used come from a

mixture between the water of the Senegal River and that of the Trarza aquifer. During

the experiment several parameters such as soil salinity, parameterized physical soil, and

physicochemical parameter of the water as well as meteorological data of the zone were

taken. The results showed that no accumulation of salt occurred at plot 4 (control). Plots

P2, P3 experienced a lower salt rate than plot 1. Salt accumulation at depth is much

greater in plot 1 than P2 and P3.

Keywords: Soil salinity; Salt water; Arid land; Drip irrigation; Senegal river


WEEN

2019

87

Paper ID-171

Environment friendly membranes for effective and efficient CO2 capture

Nitasha Habib1, Zufishan Shamair1, Nain Tara1, Mazhar Amjad Gilani2,

Muhammad Roil Bilad3, Asim Laeeq Khan1*

1 Membrane System Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS

University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan

2 Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan

3 Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri

Iskandar, 32610 Perak, Malaysia


Excessive CO2 emissions have led to increased amount of greenhouse gasses causing

global warming. To mitigate the harmful effects of global warming and to protect the

environment, efficient CO2 capture technologies are direly required. For CO2 capture

mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) propose a cost effective and environment friendly

solution. In this work we incorporate a porous metal organic framework (MOF), NOTT-

300, in CO2 selective Pebax®1657 for CO2 capture. NOTT-300 is a unique MOF having

hydroxyl (-OH) group in its structure which interacts with CO2 molecules enhancing CO2

capture. NOTT-300 was prepared and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared

Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Various filler loadings (10, 20, 30 and 40 wt. %) was prepared. The prepared

membranes were characterized using SEM and FTIR. Physical properties of membranes

were also investigated by finding fractional free volume and glass transition

temperature. Pure and binary gas permeation and selectivity was investigated for CO2,

CH4 and N2 at multiple pressure and temperature. Combining CO2-philic properties of

MOF and CO2 selective polymer, improved CO2 capture was observed. In comparison to

neat Pebax membrane, the incorporation of NOTT-300 at 40% filler loading enhanced

the permeability of CO2 by 380%, and selectivity to 68% and 26% for CO2/CH4 and

CO2/N2 respectively. The results proved the promising potential of NOTT-300 as filler

material for MMMs aimed at CO2 capture because of their high porosity and CO2 philic

properties.

Keywords: Membranes technology; MOFs; Pebax; Sustainable gas separation; Carbon

dioxide capture


WEEN

2019

88

Paper ID-147

Biomaterials' potential as coagulants in wastewater treatment

Khelladi Malika1, DEBAB Abdelkader2, Benmoussa Hasnia2, Abaida Meriem2

Bekrentchir Khalida2,

1 Department of Process Engineering, University Abd el Hamid Ibn Badis Mostaganem,

Algeria

2 University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Chemestry-Laboratory of process and

environmental engineering, ustoran, Algeria


The various uses of water (domestic, industrial, agricultural) cause it to be loaded with

different soluble and insoluble constituents and thus it becomes wastewater that is

generally discharged into the seas or used for irrigation of agricultural land without prior

treatment. The water thus collected in a sewer system appears as a cloudy liquid

containing suspended solid of mineral and organic origin at variable contents. To

eliminate or correct these harmful pollutants, different processes can be used to purify

wastewater. The turbidity of wastewater are due to the presence of suspended particles

called "colloids". Their sedimentation rate is extremely slow. Coagulation and flocculation

are the processes that allow the elimination of colloids. It consists in destabilizing them

by neutralizing the electrostatic repulsion charges, while flocculation facilitates the

formation of aggregates that will be eliminated by settling. The objective of this work is

to highlight the potentials of local biomaterials (cactus seeds and Moringa) as coagulant

in the elimination of the turbidity of the treated wastewater from EL KARMA wastewater

treatment plant located in ORAN. In order to improve the water clarity of the EL-KARMA

wastewater treatment plant, a flocculation coagulation treatment process was developed

in our laboratory. It consists of preparing cactus powder and then adding it in well-

defined concentrations as additives to aluminium sulphate (Al2(SO4)3.18H2O) to treated

wastewater. This process is improved by optimizing factors influencing the treatment

process, such as pH, coagulant concentrations and steering speed.

Keywords: Wastewater; Turbidity; Colloids; Coagulation/flocculation


WEEN

2019

89

Paper ID-202

Recent developments on sewage sludge pyrolysis and its kinetics: resources

recovery, thermogravimetric platforms and innovative prospects

Zeeshan Hameed1, 2, Muhammad Aslam1 Zakir Khan1, 3, Salman Raza2*


Pakistan

2 School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and

Technology, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan


G12 8QQ, UK


Sewage sludge from waste water treatment plants is the only renewable and sustainable

energy resource that can provide higher percentage of carbon C and hydrogen H, thus it

is interesting to process the sewage sludge by pyrolysis process to obtain chemically

valuable products like fuels, heat and power. The main objective of this study review is

to provide an account of critically review the state of the art of the recent advancements

in sewage sludge pyrolysis and its kinetics by using thermogravimetric technique and

kinetics by using associated different kinetic models documented in the literature are

presented extensively., which is under study during recent years. In addition, poly-

generation and resources (bio-oil, biogas and char) recovery from sewage sludge

pyrolysis are discussed. This study will provide the optimum operating conditions and

design parameters to obtain high production and yield of fuels. Finally, state-of-the-art

perspectives along with challenges associated with the full-sale implementation and

practicality are highlighted for biofuels and resources recovery from sewage sludge.

Keywords: Kinetics; Pyrolysis; Resource recovery; Sewage sludge; Thermogravimetric

analysis; Wastewater treatment


WEEN

2019

90

Paper ID-217

Review on green fuel production from non edible seeds of

Azadirachta Indica.A Juss

Awais Bokhari1*, Saira Asif2,


Pakistan



Currently, non-edible seed green fuel is gaining globally attention because non edible

seeds are frequently available in most of the areas, mainly in the wastelands due to

being inappropriate for food crop cultivation. Switching toward the use of non-edible

seeds for green fueling reduces the competition of food market because more area will

be available for the cultivation of crops and food will be exclusively used for the feed

purpose. This paper will explore the potential of Azadirachta indica seed oil, which is

present abundantly in various forest belt of globe, used as a feed stock for green fuel

production. The main advantage of this crop is its high survival potency and can survive

upto 100 years and more and cause no competition with the other food crops. It’s seed

can produce upto 40-50% by weight of oil. Additionally, Azadirachta indica green fuel

has outstanding compatibility with petroleum fuels and also has lubricating abilities.

Moreover, green fuel obtained from the Azadirachta indica oil is through multistep

process has properties equal to the EU and ASTM standards and when mixed with diesel

fuel gives commendable engine performance and emission characteristics comparable to

the diesel.

Keywords: Biofuel; Biodiesel; Energy


WEEN

2019

91

Paper ID-153

Impacts of underground mining of horizontal deposits on the soil and subsoil

environment: Case of the mines of Algeria

Mohamed Laid Boukelloul*, Mohamed Bounouala*

Laboratory of mineral Processing Ressources and Environment,Badji Mokhtar

University,BP12,23000,Algeria

*Corresponding authors: [email protected]; [email protected] (Email)

Underground mines around the world exploited horizontal deposits and weakly inclined

by methods of rooms and pillars, are confronted with the problems of instability of the

overlying lands. The extent of these effects depends on the structure of the bedrock, the

condition of the areas exploited and the layout of the pillars of the mode of exploitation

applied and other natural factors. If safety and technology measures are not taken in

time, for this purpose the environment will be affected. The main objective of this article

is to dimension the geometrical parameters of the abandoned pillars exploitation mode

by application of a Plaxis 2D simulation software for the case of the Chaabet El Hamra-

Algerie mine while characterizing the rock mass on the geological, hydrogeological and

geotechnical plans. The results obtained allowed us to have an optimum extraction rate

ranging from 59 to 70 % with an acceptable stability factor of 1 to 1.53 according to the

international standard and to propose a standard model of rational exploitation by

chambers and pillars for the case of the mine studied.

Keywords: Mines of Algeria; Subsidence; Environment



WEEN

2019

92

Paper ID-210

Transportation energy demand and emissions forecasts for Pakistan: Towards

sustainable transportation and environmental management

Muhammad Asif1, Khanji Harijana, Muhammad Aslam2, Abdul Waheed Bhutto3,

Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi4*

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and

Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Pakistan


Lahore, Pakistan

3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology,

Karachi, Pakistan

4 Process & Energy Systems Engineering Center-PRESTIGE, Department of Chemical

Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan


Transport sector plays a key role for both economic development and national social

development. With exponential industrialization, economic development and accelerated

urbanization, transport demand and its share to total energy expenditure and

greenhouse gases emissions has also been proportionally rising. This study evaluated

energy demands of transport sector and associated greenhouse gas emissions

particularly for Pakistan. In this study, different scenarios were examined using Long-

range Energy Alternative Planning model with the help of vehicular emissions

environmental loading database system available in the tools. By applying different

government policies and strategies, the model estimated best possible strategy that

reduced both current energy demands as well as associated greenhouse gas emissions.

The results revealed that by imposing high custom duty taxes on private vehicles,

purchasing and promoting rapid bus transit system, efficient public transport and mini

buses with the comfortable environment would yield massive impact on minimizing

energy consumption and emissions as compared to the reference scenario. It would

minimize 29% of energy demand in 2035 and mitigate 27% in total environmental

loading (GHG emissions and other emissions), 40% in all other emissions except GHG

and 26% in total GHG (CO2, CH4, N2O) emission gasses compared to base year (2013).

Keywords: Transportation; Environment; Energy demands; Greenhouse gases

emission; LEAP Model


WEEN

2019

93

Paper ID-201

Wastewater as a resource for bioenergy, nutrients and water reuse: Anaerobic

membrane biotechnology as a sustainable solution

Abdul Hanan, Muzamil Nadeem, Azam Hussain, Umair Hassan, Muhammad

Hashim, Muhammad Aslam*

Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,

Lahore, Pakistan


Resources recovery form wastewater as one of the most appealing vector for the future

represents attractive avenue in alternative energy and resource recovery research.

Recently, variety of resources recovery pathways has been suggested to improve the key

features of the process. Nevertheless, researches are still needed to overcome remaining

barriers to practical application. Considering practicality aspects, this review emphasized

on anaerobic membrane biotechnology (AnMBRs) for resources recovery for wastewater.

Recent advances and emerging issues associated with resources recovery in AnMBR

technology are critically discussed. Several techniques are highlighted that are aimed at

overcoming these barriers. Finally, environmental and economical potentials along with

future research perspectives are also addressed to drive resources recovery technology

towards practicality and economical-feasibility.

Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor; nutrient recovery; biogas; biohydrogen;

volatile fatty acids; membrane fouling


WEEN

2019

94

Paper ID-144

Evaluation of equilibrium, kinetics, and mechanism properties of CO2 adsorption

onto the palm kernel shell activated carbon

Nor Adilla Rashidi1, Awais Bokhari2, Suzana Yusup1*

1 Biomass Processing Laboratory, Center of Biofuel Biochemical, Green Technology,

Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh 31750,

Malaysia

2Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,

Lahore, Pakistan


The volumetric adsorption kinetics of carbon dioxide (CO2) onto the synthesized palm

kernel shell activated carbon via single-stage CO2 activation, and commercial Norit®

activated carbon were carried out at an initial pressure of approximately 1 bar at three

different temperatures of 25 50 and 100 oC. The experimental kinetics data were

modelled by using the Lagergren’s pseudo-first order model and pseudo-second order

model. Comparing these two, the non-linear pseudo-second order kinetics model

presented a better fit towards CO2 adsorption for both adsorbents, owing to its closer

coefficient of regression to unity, irrespective of the adsorption temperature. In addition,

kinetics analysis showed that the corresponding kinetics coefficient (rate of adsorption)

of both activated carbons increased with respect to adsorption temperature, and

thereby, indicated higher mobility of CO2 adsorbates at an elevated temperature.

Nevertheless, CO2 adsorption capacity of both activated carbons reduced at elevated

temperatures, which signified exothermic and physical adsorption (physisorption)

behavior. Besides, process exothermicity of both carbonaceous adsorbents can be

corroborated through activation energy (Ea) value, which was deduced from the

Arrhenius plot. Ea values that were in range of 32-38 kJ/moles validated exothermic

adsorption at low pressure and temperature range of 25-100 oC. To gain an insight into

the adsorption process, experimental data were fitted to intra-particle diffusion model

and Boyd’s diffusion model, and findings revealed an involvement of both film diffusion

and intra-particle diffusion during CO2 adsorption process onto the synthesized activated

carbon and commercial activated carbon.

Keywords: Activated carbon; Activation energy; CO2 adsorption; Kinetics; Mechanism;

Volumetric adsorption


WEEN

2019

95

Paper ID-166

Preparation of antifouling mixed matrix membranes comprising of polysulfone

and porous UiO-66, zeolite 4A and their composite (Zeolite 4A@UiO-66) for the

treatment of drinking water

Tanzila Anjum1*, Rahma Tamime1, Asim Laeeq Khan2

1 Department of Environmental Science, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore, Pakistan

2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan


Due to the demand of safe and reliable drinking water and increased regulations, the

trend of using filtration membranes in drinking water treatment process has been

increased. Among polymeric membranes, Polysulfone (PSf) membranes have been used

in drinking water production. These membranes have intrinsic hydrophobic nature which

makes them prone to organic fouling due to the presence of organic matter present in

water. Generally, with the addition of hydrophilic fraction in polymer matrix, water layer

form on membrane surface that don’t allow foulant material to deposit on the membrane

surface and result in reduced fouling. Therefore, this paper reports the development of

high performance mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) comprising of two kinds of porous

fillers; UiO-66 and Zeolite 4A and their composite (Zeolite 4A@UiO-66) with polysulfone

(PSf) polymer matrix. The individual and complimentary effects of nanofillers were

investigated on membrane morphology and performance; pure water flux, humic acid

rejection, static humic acid adsorption and antifouling properties of membranes. All

MMMs exhibited higher hydrophilicity and low static humic acid adsorption than neat PSf

membrane. Pure water flux of MMMs was also higher than neat PSf membrane but the

trade-off between permeability and selectivity was witnessed in the MMMs comprising of

single filler. However, the MMMs with composite nanofillers (PSf/Zeolite4A@UiO-66)

showed no such trade-off and an increase in both permeability and selectivity was

achieved. All MMMs with lower nanofiller loadings (0.5 wt% and 1 wt%) showed

improved flux recovery. PSf/Zeolite4A@UiO-66 (0.5 wt%) membranes showed superior

antifouling properties without sacrificing permeability and selectivity.

Keywords: Mixed matrix membranes; Antifouling; Drinking water treatment; Humic

acid removal


WEEN

2019

96

Paper ID-208

Macroalgae and coal-based biochar as sustainable bioresource reuse for

treatment of textile wastewater

Tahir Fazal1, Abrar Faisal1, Azeem Mushtaq1, Ainy Hafeez1, Fahed Javed1, Amir

Aludin2, Naim Rashid1, Muhammad Aslam1, Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman2*,

Fahad Rehman1*

a Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,

Pakistan

b Department of Chemical Engineering, Khawaja Farid University of Engineering and

Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

*Corresponding authors: [email protected]; [email protected] (Email)

Emerging industrial contaminants have recently gained great of concerns as water

pollutants because of their significant effects on human health and ecosystems. Current

conventional wastewater treatment technologies are energy demanding at removing

these contaminants, cost effective approach using biochars-based on natural resources

have recently been recognized as sustainable resource use. This study investigated the

potential of macroalgae and coal-based biochars to treat industrial wastewater. Both real

industrial wastewater and model contaminants were tested to evaluate the comparative

performance of synthesized macroalgae and coal-based biochars. The results showed

that contaminants removal efficiency was achieved more than 90%. Macroalgae-based

biochars were more efficient in contaminants removal than that of coal-based biochars

from industrial wastewater. The maximum biosorption capacities with macroalgae based

biochar were found 353.9 mgg-1 at 303 K. This study demonstrates that macroalgae-

based biochars can be used as a sustainable resource for contaminants removal from

industrial wastewater because of its crystallinity and chemistry with pollutants.

Keywords: Macroalgae; Biochar; Industrial wastewater; Contaminants; Sustainable

bioresource



WEEN

2019

97

Paper ID-208

Synthesis of microalgal biochars and its effect on membrane fouling mitigation

in fluidized bed membrane bioreactor

Muhammad Maaz, Mubbsher Idrees, Muhammad Aslam*


Pakistan

*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)

In submerged membrane bioreactor to treat wastewater, gas sparging is a traditional

way to mitigate membrane fouling. However, gas sparging requires large operational

cost to run membrane bioreactor (MBR). In this study, different microalgal was

synthesized, and characterized. Moreover, combined effect of different microalgal

biochars in the presence of biocarriers with gas sparging was investigated as an effective

way to control membrane fouling. Comparative study was performed with and without

biochars as well as biocarriers. Microalgal biochar mitigated membrane fouling

significantly. Mechanical cleaning by biocarriers removed inorganic particles. However,

biocarriers was not an effective way to control fouling occurs by colloidal foulants. In

addition, presence of Ca2+ ions further mitigated the membrane fouling in fluidized bed

membrane bioreactor.

Keywords: Macroalgae; Biochar; wastewater; fluidized bed membrane bioreactor


WEEN

2019

98

Paper ID-190

Treatment of car wash station wastewater using waste almond shells as a

resource with ferric chloride and wastewater recycling: Towards sustainable

wastewater management

Asim Waseema, Muhammad Aslamb, Muhammad Masood Khanc*, Zhu Jialongc

a State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350,

China

b Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,

Lahore, Pakistan

c School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024,

Liaoning, China


In the current work, an investigation was conducted to treat car wash station

wastewater using chemical and physical strategies for recycling. The wastewater

collected from car wash station was characterized in terms of conductivity, pH, total

dissolved solids, oil and grease contents, turbidity, chlorides, sulphates and total

hardness. In physical treatment, waste almond shells were utilized and filter columns of

different depths of almond shell were prepared. The depth of the filter medium was

found to be correlated with the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and

grease. The COD removal efficiency was achieved 51.4% with filter depth of 3 cm, while

6 and 9 cm depth enhanced the removal upto 71.6 and 88.9%, respectively. In contrast,

oil and grease contents removal efficiency was 78.8, 85.5 and 95.6% at almond shell

filter depth of 3, 6 and 9 cm, respectively. In chemical treatment, car wash wastewater

was agitated with different concentrations of ferric chloride for a specific contact period

leading to the flocs formation. The results demonstrated that COD and oil/grease

removal was found to increase, when concentration of ferric chloride was increased. At

higher concentration of 200 mg/L, oil/grease and COD removal efficiency was achieved

to 93.9 and 87.8%, receptively. The comparative analysis of physical and chemical

treatment techniques revealed that treatment with waste almond shell was more

effective for removal of COD, oil and grease from car wash wastewater, providing a

viable solution due to its eco-friendliness, ease of availability and low cost.

Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Car wash wastewater; Almond shell; COD; Oil and

grease


WEEN

2019

99

Paper ID-218

A review on Ricinus communis as feedstock for biodiesel production

Awais Bokhari1, Saira Asif2*,


Pakistan



The use of non-edible plants as an alternate energy source has been gaining global

attention because of their availability in most parts of the world. The present paper aims

at investigating the potential of Ricinus communis oil commonly known as castor oil, as a

promising feedstock for the production of biodiesel. A number of different methods

including transesterification, pyrolysis and hydro processing, have been discussed and

compared for their ability to produce biodiesel using Ricinus communis as feedstock. It is

clear from the present review that transesterification alone is not sufficient.

Transesterification used in combination with other technologies such as catalytic cracking

can lead to high quality fuel products. Thus, Ricinus communis oil can be used as

promising feedstock for biodiesel production.



WEEN

2019

100

Paper ID-192

Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR): A magnetic approach to wastewater

treatment and application platforms for environmental sustainability

Muhammad Maaz, Mubbsher Idrees, Muhammad Aslam*


Pakistan


Water shortage, public health and environmental protection are key motives to treat

wastewater. The widespread adoption of wastewater as a resource depends upon

development of a technology. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology has

gained increasing popularity due to their ability to offset the disadvantages of

conventional treatment technologies. However there are several hurdles, yet to climb

over, for wider spread and scale up of the technology. This paper reviews fundamental

aspects of anaerobic digestion of wastewater, and identifies the challenges and

opportunities to the further development of AnMBRs. Membrane fouling and its

implications are discussed, and strategies to control membrane fouling are proposed.

Novel AnMBR configurations are discussed as an integrated approach to overcome

technology limitations. Energy demand and recovery in AnMBRs is analyzed. Finally key

issues that require urgent attention to facilitate global penetration of AnMBR technology

are highlighted.

Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor, membrane fouling, energy recovery,



WEEN

2019

101

Paper ID-193

Cross-linked acrylic based superabsorbent polymers incorporated with

magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Swelling and antibacterial performance

Hafiz Muhammad Zia ul Noor1, Muhammad Aslam2, Muhammad Masood Khan1*,

Hammad Saulat1, Muhammad Mahmood Khan1, Asim Waseem1

1 School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR

China

2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore



Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into superabsorbent copolymer to

investigate absorptivity in aqueous solution and antibacterial activity on gram-negative

Escherichia Coli. Cross linked copolymers of ionic acrylic acid (AA) and non-ionic

acrylamide (AAm) were synthesized in aqueous solution via free radical polymerization

by providing vigorous mixing and heating. MgO nanoparticles were incorporated in

superabsorbent copolymer during polymerization. For all the preparations, degree of

neutralization of acrylic acid was fixed at 75%, amount of cross-linker NN-MBA was 1%

moles of initial monomers and initiator potassium persulfate amount was 150 mg.

Highest absorption of distilled water was 147 g/g at 80% acrylic acid without MgO

nanoparticles content (AA30M). While in 0.9% saline solution, highest absorption

capacity was 39 g/g at 40% acrylamide content (AA10M). Reduction in swelling ability

was observed by increase in magnesium oxide nanoparticles dosage as 121.5 g/g in

AA33M copolymer. However, maximum bactericidal activity was observed for AA33M

with agar plate method and Lysogeny broth medium method via UV-spectrophotometer,

where optical density (OD) 600 was 0.022. It is expected that this study will provide a

viable solution due to its eco friendliness, ease of availability and low cost.

Keywords: Superabsorbent polymers; Nanoparticles; Antibacterial activity; MgO;

Swelling


WEEN

2019

102

Paper ID-205

Deep eutectic solvents: Properties and potential applications in membrane

technology

Manzar Ishaq1, Asim Laeeq Khan1, Muhammad Aslam1*




Membrane technology is rapidly emerging technology and is expected to perform a

pivotal role in the coming decades. The search of novel additives/fillers for the polymeric

membranes has aligned with the principle research line, which are incorporated to

enhance the membrane performance parameters, i.e., permeability and selectivity. In

this context, ionic liquids (ILs) are recently considered to be the promising choice and

extensively studied as alternative to conventional organic membrane liquids; however, in

spite of many intrinsic advantages, ILs have some serious drawbacks, such as toxicity,

high synthesis cost and high viscosity. Very recently, the deep eutectic solvents (DESs)

emerged as an alternative to ILs that share the benefits of ILs and in addition avoid their

drawbacks mainly from environmental and economic perspectives. The DESs synthesis

from natural and low-cost materials, together with their biodegradability, green nature

and tunable physicochemical properties, make them the most suitable membrane liquids

for sustainable membrane separation processes. Moreover, because of the promising

character of the DESs, these have been employed in many important membrane

separation processes in the recent years. In this review article, the state of the art of the

DESs in these membrane processes is discussed along with the crucial physicochemical

properties of the DESs considering their influence on the separation performance and the

stability of the DES-membrane systems. This aim of this work is to show the potential of

the DESs to replace the ILs in the membrane separation processes by providing an

analysis of the current literature available on DES incorporation in membrane separation

processes, comparing their properties and performance with the ILs and suggesting the

future research areas of DESs in membrane technology.

Keywords: Deep eutectic solvents: Properties; Potential applications, Membrane

technology


WEEN

2019

103

Paper ID-206

Comparative review on passive micromixers: mixing evaluation

Shakhawat Hossain1, Muhammad Aslam2, Sikander Rafiq2, Farrukh Jamil2,

Kwang-Yong Kim3*

1 Department of unmanned vehicle Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of

Korea



3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of

Korea


This review quantitatively compares typical passive micromixers. Most review articles

have introduced the development of micromixers with different operating conditions and

sizes by classifying their mixing mechanisms and geometries, without quantitative

comparison. However, for more comprehensive understanding and to provide more

practical information, this work presents a comparative review of 16 typical passive

micromixers with five types of design/mixing mechanisms. The mixing indices were

compared at fixed axial distances in a specific range of Reynolds number. The whole

Reynolds number range was divided into low (Re ≤1), moderate (1 < Re ≤ 40), and high

(Re > 40) sub-ranges, where the mixing mechanisms are different. The best

micromixers in each range were identified. The micromixers with 3D split-and-

recombination designs and two-layer crossing channels showed excellent mixing

performance in all ranges.

Keywords: Passive micromixers; Quantitative comparison; Mixing mechanism; Split-

and-recombination; Serpentine


WEEN

2019

104

Paper ID-194

Metal organic frameworks as adsorbents for hazardous wastewater treatment

Hafsa Khan, Muhammad Yasin, Asim Laeeq Khan, Muhammad Aslam*




Different strategies such as oxidation, filtration, UV degradation, adsorption, solvent

extraction are used for wastewater treatment. Among these, Adsorption has several

advantages like low cost, environmental friendly, operate at low temperature. However,

low adsorption capacity is a key bottleneck. Recently, metal organic frameworks (MOFs)

gained significant attention as a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment because

of their outstanding performance. MOFs have microporous structure with high thermal

and mechanical stability. However few studies have exploited their capability to remove

hazardous contaminants from wastewater. This article critically reviews the regeneration

of MOFs based adsorbent, hybrid adsorbent and their processes. Moreover, comparative

evaluation of different MOFs as adsorbents and removal of hazardous contaminants

during wastewater treatment are discussed. Finally, key challenges and potential

perspectives are also highlighted.

Keywords: Metal organic frameworks; wastewater treatment; adsorption; Pollutants


WEEN

2019

105

Paper ID-194

Metal organic framework photocatalytic membrane reactors for water and


Bazla Sarwar, Asad Ullah Khan, Muhammad Aslam*




With an exponential growth of wastewater and industrial pollutants, to drive the

attention towards the water scarcity, removal of potential pollutants used in industrial

processes and reuse wastewater have combined the recent advances to stimulate water

quality control at an unprecedented scale. The removal of hazardous substances from

water and wastewater in an efficient way has drawn considerable social and scientific

concern in recent years. The wastewater can include organic matters and/or different

trace contaminants. Nevertheless, industrial and pharmaceutical contamination needs to

be addressed especially in developing countries. Photocatalytic membrane reactors

(PMRs), a hybrid technology, holds great potential in industrial wastewater treatment in

which physical operation of membrane filtration and degradation of organic pollutants is

achieved by photocatalysis simultaneously. In past few years, PMRs have developed

rapidly and have been the object of sound investigation due to some unique advantages.

However, photocatalytic properties of the photocatalysts are also a major concern in

relation to the water and wastewater treatment, i.e., regarding the photocatalytic

degradation of organic compounds and inorganic pollutants, as well as photocatalytic

disinfection. Recently, photocatalytic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), commonly

recognized as “soft” analogues of zeolites, is a new class of nano-porous materials with

various topologies, adjustable pore size, controllable properties, large surface area, as

well as acceptable thermal stability. Hence, this will cover the potential of MOFs in PMR

in terms of improving permeate quality and reducing membrane fouling due to

photodegradation of pollutants in water and wastewater. The results of membrane

fouling mitigation and photodegradation performance of pure and composite MOFs in

comparison with of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) in PMR will be covered.

Keywords: Metal organic frameworks; Photocatalytic membrane reactors; wastewater

treatment


WEEN

2019

106

Paper ID-196

Synergistic long term temperate-climate nitrogen removal performance in pilot-

scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF CW): Toward

sustainable and clean water production

Raana Fahim1, Xiwu Lu1*, Hasan Mahdi1, Muhammad Aslam2*

1 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and

Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China




Human population growth, nutrients enrichment and presence of phytoplanktons

accelerated the threat of eutrophication and pose serious threats for the aquatic

environment. This study investigated the potential of horizontal subsurface-flow

constructed wetland (HSSF CW) operated under different plant regimes for long-term

nitrogen removal to control eutrophication problem. Three mesocosm HSSF CWs were

developed with three species of plants, which were collected from different regions in

order to observe their influence on total nitrogen (TN), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-–N), and

ammonia (NH4+–N) removal. All the plants tested in this study were found to be almost

equally effective for long-term nitrogen removal in HSSF-CW. The results demonstrated

that Mixed vegetation (MV) and Nasturtium officinale (NO-FW) achieved the highest

removal efficiency to some extent for TN, NH4+–N, and NO3

-–N corresponding to 75.7,

88, and 66%, respectively. Among different species of plants, Juncus effuses (JE-SW)

showed little lowest nitrogen removal efficiency than others. The nitrogen removal

performance was observed to be higher in the summer at a higher temperature, which

was lower in winter. Moreover, all plants specifically Nasturtium officinale reach their

maximum growth rate. The present study demonstrates that HSSF-CW provide a

suitable environment for plants growth and utilize the various plant regimes to improve

the long term nitrogen and organic removal to address the eutrophication problem.

Keywords: Metal organic frameworks; Photocatalytic membrane reactors; wastewater

treatment


WEEN

2019

107

Paper ID-178

Bio-MOF-11 Incorporated mixed matrix membranes for efficient gas separation

Zaman Tahir*, Muhammad Aslam, Asim Laeeq Khan




Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are the new class of materials which have attained

substantial interest of researchers. MOFs inherently have outstanding properties

including high surface area, tunable porosity and high thermal and chemical stabilities.

MOFs are extensively employed in a variety of applications such as gas separation,

storage media for gases, adsorbents, catalysis, sensing, drug delivery, thin film devices,

clean energy, luminescence and magnetism. In present work, Bio-MOF-11 was

incorporated to synthesize MMMs using PSf as a polymer. Bio-MOF-11 was synthesized

via solvothermal reaction of adenine and cobalt acetate. The synthesized MOF was

embedded in PSf for membrane fabrication. Bio-MOF-11 has inherently nitrogen-based

cavities for CO2 adsorption over CH4 and N2. Influence of these active sites (nitrogen

rings) in MOF on performance of membranes was studied in this work. The results

revealed superior selectivity, privileged CO2 uptake, and elevated physicochemical

stability due to strong interactions towards CO2.

Keywords: Gas separation, Bio-MOF-11, Metal organic frameworks; Mixed matrix

membranes


WEEN

2019

108

Paper ID-123

Degradation of clopidogrel by Pseudomonas spp. strain isolated from Algerian

wastewater

Zohra Hachaichi-Sadouk1,*; Fedeila, Mourad Fedeila1, Luis Fernando Bautista2

1Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, B.P. 32 El-Alia, 16111 Bab-Ezzouar, Faculty of

Chemistry, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria

2Department of chemical and environmental technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/

Tulipan, s/n, 28933 Madrid, Spain


For many years, pseudo-persistent organic pollutants (PPOPs), such as pharmaceuticals,

are among the more complex problems that threaten the aquatic environments and

other environmental compartments. Their transformation could depend on

environmental conditions. While the widespread presence of these organic pollutants in

various natural matrices was well documented recently, limited knowledge on their

environmental fate (e.g. persistence and toxicity) is available now. In the present work,

a bacterial strain was isolated from Algerian wastewater; the isolate was grown in

minimal medium of pH 7.0. The biodegradation of clopidogrel was evaluated by High-

Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) (U.S. Pharmacopoeia, 2007). In parallel,

the bacterial growth was followed by measuring the optical density of bacteria at 600

nm. The growth of the strain in the culture medium at temperature of 30 pH 7.0 and

agitation rates of 150 rpm, was able to degrade high amount of clopidogrel. Degradation

of 84.36, 79.65 and 75.23% of the initial clopidogrel quantity (25, 50 and 100 mg L-1,

respectively) was carried out after 96 hours of incubation. In conclusion, these results

show the effectiveness of a bacterial strain studied, it growth in activated sludge can be

less expensive process for the treatment of drugs of clopidogrel family.

Keywords: Activated sludge; Biodegradation; Clopidogrel; Pseudomonas spp.;

wastewater


WEEN

2019

109

Paper ID-199

Energy recovery from municipal solid waste: Current status, challenge and

perspectives

Naila Amin1, Zakir Khan 1, 2, Muhammad Aslam1*


Pakistan


G12 8QQ, UK


Energy crisis and tremendous availability of Municipal solid waste (MSW) at alarming

rate and its disposal is serious concern of today world. It cause of climate change, heath

hazardous and other environmental issue need to focus on urgent basis. Waste to energy

(WTE) consider as alternative renewable energy potential to recover energy from waste

and reducing globally waste problem. WTE reduced dependence/burden on fossil fuels

for energy generation, waste volumes, environmental and greenhouse gases (GHGs)

emissions. The aim of the review is to evaluating world source of waste generation and

possible route of waste management. Biological, landfill and thermal treatment are

considered but MSW gasification is most cleaning viable and environmental sustainable.

In addition, compare all technologies and its limitation and advantages.

Keywords: Municipal solid waste; Gasification; Waste to energy


WEEN

2019

110

Paper ID-200

Hazardous wastewater treatment with low cost sorbent with in-situ

regeneration using hybrid solar energy-electrochemical system

Muhammad Masood Khan1*, Muhammad Aslam2, Hafiz Muhammad Anwaar

Asghar3, Hammad Saulat1

1 School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning,

China


Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.

3 Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore,

Pakistan


Attentions to treat hazardous industrial wastewater have been gained significant

attention to meet stringent discharge standards and cope with environmental health

consequences caused by carcinogenic contaminants on aquatic life and human beings.

This study investigated the treatment of hazardous industrial wastewater using cost-

effective graphite integrated adsorbent and their electrochemical regeneration integrated

with renewable solar energy. The synthetic industrial wastewater containing crystal

violet dye was treated using an efficient and cost–effective adsorbent having a surface

area of 1.0 m2g-1. The solute removal efficiency was found more than 90%. The

adsorbent regeneration efficiency was achieved to 99.5% by passing a charge of

100 Cg-1 at current density 10 mAcm-1 for 1 h. Solar energy which is a useful renewable

source of energy was integrated with electrochemical reactor for the regeneration of

adsorbent to make the system cost-effective and self-sustainable.

Keywords: Hazardous wastewater; Cost-effective adsorbent; Electrochemical

regeneration; Renewable solar energy


WEEN

2019

111

Paper ID-158

Contribution to the study of the effect of hot microwave-air drying on the

characteristics of a local tomato variety

Bousbia Nabil1, Akretche-Kelfat Soraya2, Salhi Rym3, Nadjem Hamza3, Boudour

Nadia 4, Ait Amar Hamid2

1 Saad Dahleb University of Blida 1

2 Laboratory of Industrial Process Engineering Sciences (LSGPI), Faculty of Mechanical

Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari

Boumediene (U.S.T.H.B.), P.O. Box 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Algeria

3 Algerian Center for Quality Control and Packaging

4 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Science and

Technology Houari Boumediene (U.S.T.H.B.), P.O. Box 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar,

Algeria


A study on the physicochemical characteristics of the tomato powder was carried out;

this tomato powder was obtained with a hybrid hot-microwave air dryer. The objective of

drying a product is to lower its water content so that its water activity is brought to a

value allowing its conservation at ordinary temperature over long periods of time. The

application of microwave energy associated with hot air for the drying of agricultural

products is a good method of approach to the resolution of some problems related to the

use of microwaves alone. There are several vegetable varieties of tomato in Algeria. For

the purposes of this study, a hybrid variety called Nedjma was used. The analyzes

carried out are the humidity, the ash content, the pH, the fat content, the protein

content, the total polyphenols and flavonoids assay, the lycopene assay as well as the

antioxidant power. The results obtained show that tomato powder is a good source of

antioxidants, which is in agreement with those found in the literature.

Keywords: Tomato; Drying; Hot air; Microwaves; Analyzes


WEEN

2019

112

Paper ID-203

Mixed matrix membranes incorporated with sonication-assisted ZIF-8

nanofillers for hazardous wastewater treatment

Mohsin Ali1, 2, Muhammad Aslam1, Amin Khan2, Mazhar Amjad Gilani3, Asim

Laeeq Khan1

1Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore


2State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and

Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China

3Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus,

Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan


Attentions to treat hazardous wastewater using Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) have

been increased rapidly to obtain high effluent qualities. MMMs containing zeolitic

imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as filler in polydimethoxysilane (PDMS) matrix were

synthesized. ZIF-8 was prepared using a modified recipe and characterized by different

techniques to evaluate its morphology, thermal stability, surface area, pore volume and

other characteristics. The performance of membranes was evaluated for their application

in industrial dye-stuff wastewater treatment and solvent resistant nanofiltration. The

results demonstrated that increase in the percentage of ZIF-8 loading in PDMS led to

simultaneous increase in the solvent permeability as well as solute rejection from

wastewater. The organic dye rejection was achieved more than 87% with MMMs

incorporated with 20% loading of nanofillers. Rejection of the MMMs was significantly

higher than that of unfilled PDMS membrane due to the effect of reduced polymer

swelling and size exclusion of the nanofillers. Membrane swelling tests with toluene and

isopropanol demonstrated that nanofillers amount has inverse relation with membrane

swelling; implied that nanofillers were in good interaction with polymer and allowed

defect free membranes with higher solute rejections and reduced membrane swelling.

Keywords: Hazardous wastewater; Mixed matrix membrane; ZIF-8 nanofillers; Solvent

resistant nanofiltration; Membrane swelling


WEEN

2019

113

Paper ID-204

Review of wind speed pattern data and wind energy potential in Pakistan

Hammad Saulat1, Muhammad Masood Khan1, Muhammad Aslam2*, Muhammad

Chawla3, Faisal Zafar4, Muhammad Mahmood Khan1, Awais Bokhari2, Aqeel

Ahmed bazmi2*

1 School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024,

Liaoning, China


Defense Road, Off Raiwind road, Lahore Pakistan

3 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300350,

China

3 School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 sebou-ro,

jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea

*Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected] (Email)

Pakistan is among the top countries facing the energy crisis having different political and

financial issues so it is difficult for Pakistan to move towards green economy than

conventional fuel economy. Pakistan has a potential to produce millions megawatt of

energy and reduce the problem of energy outrage in the country. Pakistan is also

blessed with a huge potential of wind energy having all basic requirement such as windy

regions for harnessing energy. Due to the lack of technical knowledge and financial

resources, not a single grid wind farm install until 2009 in Pakistan but at present time

the condition is getting improved with the installation of many wind farms to produce

electricity. There are some ongoing projects but due to the changing national policies,

future wind energy projects face the major problems in term of investment. This critical

review highlights the steps taken in the past and present to overcome the energy

shortage in Pakistan by employing wind energy. Potential of wind energy and its barriers

in adoption are discussed with some suggestions to overcome these barriers. This article

also covers the recommendations which can help in wind energy development in the

national energy mix. Moreover, future strategies of the government are highlighted to

install more wind farm in Sindh and some other areas of Pakistan.

Keywords: Wind energy; Renewable energy; Wind turbine; Clean energy; Pakistan



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2019

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Paper ID-197

Anaerobic membrane bioreactors: A brief review on recent advancements

emphasizing on fouling issues

Muhammad Kashif Shahid1*, Ayesha Kashif2, Prangya Ranjan Rout3, Muhammad

Aslam4, Younggyun Choi1, Rajesh Banu J5, Jeong-Hoon Park5, Gopalakrishnan

Kumar7

1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon,

Republic of Korea

2 Department of senior health care, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

3 Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea


Campus, Lahore, Pakistan

5 Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University, Tamilnadu, India

6 Department of Civil Engineering, Anam Campus, Korea University, Seoul, Korea

7 Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of

Stavanger, Norway


This review article focuses on the recent developments and modifications in anaerobic

membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) with special focus on fouling issues and antifouling

measures. The low energy consumption, low sludge residual, high volumetric organic

removal rate, complete liquid-solid separation, better effluent quality and the small

footprint make the AnMBR a promising method for the wide-range wastewater

treatment. The fouling mechanism and the antifouling strategies such as membrane

cleaning, membrane modifications and addition of antifouling agents were discussed

briefly. In this paper, a special attention is given to the development of innovative Gas

Separation Membrane Bioreactor (GSMBR) system that bridges cost-effective

membranes and other process parameters towards this topic. The properties,

advantages and drawbacks of gas-separation membranes were discussed with special

focus on BioH2 enrichment. The recent advancements in the particular field and the

future perspectives were highlighted.

Keywords: Wastewater treatment; MBR; Fouling; BioH2; Microbial community


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2019

115

Paper ID-198

Gasification of municipal solid waste blends with biomass for energy production

and resources recovery: Current status, hybrid technologies and innovative

prospects

Zeeshan Hameed1, Zakir Khan1,2, Muhammad Aslam1*


Pakistan


G12 8QQ, UK


Biomass and municipal solid waste are presently perceived as a most suitable foundation

of renewable energy that should be feasibly used in oil and energy generation without

any discharge of carbon dioxide to the air. This review investigated the characteristics of

diverse types of biomass and municipal solid waste. All these materials are different from

one another in terms of properties and these properties are suitable to utilize these raw

materials in gasification processes. Different type of technologies is being exploited to

change biomasses and wastes into various types of products. All these conversion

methods have their own merits and demerits based on the product solid and properties

of raw material. This review paper also provides an overview of the technological options

such as various types of gasifiers to produce an effective fuel and energy from biomass

and waste. This is a very important task to inspect about which gasifier is suitable to

which type of biomass and waste to be an efficient and feasible option in term of low tar

content and cost. The properties of the biomass and municipal solid waste then, their

operations are significant selection factors to choose the appropriate gasification reactor

arrangement. This review also contains some information about techno-economic and

environmental impact of gasification. Gasification of biomass and waste is most suitable

option to reduce toxic elements and harmful gases for surroundings. For instant, the

ecological influence is not the real issue for limitation of biomass and waste gasification

progress, while a feasible economic return can actually appeal investors and initiate its

commercialization as well as contribute to other practical advancements.

Keywords: Gasification; Municipal solid waste; Biomass; Energy production; Resources

recovery


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2019

116

Paper ID-104

Removal and recovery of heavy metals (Cr , Ni, Cd) from wastewater by

membrane processes coupling purification-concentration

Fatma Hassaine-Sadi*, Asmaâ Zakmout, Amar Boudaa, Hafsa Bouchabou

Laboratory of Electrochemistry-Corrosion, Metallurgy and Inorganique Chemistry,

Chemical Faculty, University of Sciences and Technology (USTHB), Algiers. (Algeria)


The treatment and the industrial sewage valorization are at a time therefore a theme

carrier and unifier for the future a larger research offer and more varied. Heavy metals

are toxic to human beings and organisms. Industrial effluents drawn from different

industries such as dyeing, mining, electroplating, nuclear power operations, aerospace

and battery manufacturing processes are highly contaminated with heavy metal and

create a major environmental problem to their discharge into land. Many studies have

been devoted to utilize agricultural waste such as waste wool, tree barks and organic

extractants to remove and reduce the concentrations of heavy metals in wastewater,

those wastes are considered to be unused resources and many times, present serious

disposal problems. Liquid membrane is considered as low-cost, for treatment waste and

available.

This study primarily focuses on the extraction–reextraction considered to be the most

effective technique for the removal of heavy metals from wastewaters containing

Chromium, Nickel and Cadmium metal ions from aqueous solutions for industrial waste

application.

Study chemical variable (acidity, nature and concentration of the carriers, the time of

transportation) exam permitted to determine the parameters giving the extraction

efficiency and re-extraction optimum. Some performances have been gotten so much to

the level of the extraction that of the reextraction. The coupling required a real

optimization of the set of the parameters. The symmetrical behavior of the two

compartments showed that the extraction - reextraction association permits to achieve

transportation, one counter - transportation and a positive coupling. A chemical

modelization has allowed to identify the transport mechanisms.

This lets predict an industrial application of the process and to hope for broad

applications as well in the field of metalliferous processing liquid waste not very in

charge as in that of the industrial wastes. This also allows an effective protection of the

environment while being profitable.

Keywords: Chromium; Cadmium; Nickel; Membrane process; Wastewater


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2019

117

Paper ID-219

An assessment of biodiesel production methodologies from Lucky nut (Thevatia

peruviana) seed oil- An overview

Saira Asif1, Awais Bokhari2*



Pakistan


Biodiesel has similar engine performance, physical and chemical properties as petroleum

diesel. By looking the commercial prospective, biodiesel can be considered as valuable

alternative to the petroleum fuels. Non-edible feedstocks are gaining worldwide attention

since they are found in many parts of the world. Moreover, they can reduce competition

for food, environment friendly, and produce Glycerol (a useful by-product), and

economically theses feedstocks are more reasonable as compared to edible oils. This

paper investigates the potential of lucky nut seed oil, which is commonly found in

tropical & sub-tropical regions and grows naturally in Asian countries as promising

feedstock for biodiesel production. The main advantage of this plant is, this tree is

drought resistant and poisonous. The oil of Thevetia paruviana is compatible with fossil

fuels and has better lubricant capabilities than other non-edible feedstocks. Biodiesel is

produced from the Thevetia peruviana seed oil through multiple stages i.e., extraction,

transesterification and purification. Biodiesel has the properties in the range of ASTM

standards. However, diesel fuel gives better engine performance and emission

characteristics when blended with biodiesel fuels. Hence, in commercial market, biodiesel

produced from non-edible lucky nut oil could be used as reasonable substitute to fossil

fuel.



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2019

118

Paper ID-150

Photooxidation of Mg dye in aqueous solution by UV/PS process and ecotoxicity

study

Naima.Mechehoud1*, Chawki Djelloul2, Oualid Hamdaoui3

1 Department of chemistry Faculty Science of Matter, Laboratory of Chemistry of

Materials and Living, Activity and Reactivity, University of Batna 1, Batna 05000, Algeria

2 Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and

Process Engineering, USTHB University, Algeria

3 Department of Engineering and Process, Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,

University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Algeria


Recently, advanced oxidation process based on the sulfate radicals (SO4-) has received

growing attention as a promising alternative for the degradation and mineralization of

organic pollutants in water and sediment owing to its advantages of highly stable

reactivity, widely operative range and relatively low cost

In this work, Malachite green is initially treated by UV254 and persulfate activated by

UV254 (UV/PS). The addition of PS facilitated the decomposition of MG due to sulphate

radical formation and notably, the presence of 80 mg PS brought about a nearly

complete mineralization after 25mn. The influence of several parameters such as initial

substrate concentration (7-500) mg.L-1, pH (2-10), temperature (25-65 oC) and initial

oxidant concentration on the degradation of Malachite green was assessed. Additionally,

the impact of natural matrices (seawater and natural waters) on the degradation rate of

this dye was clarified. The degradation of the dye was strongly sensitive to the

operational conditions. The natural matrices enhanced the degradation of the dye.

Keywords: Persulfate; Malachite green; Mineralization


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