Warren Adaptasi Edisi 2_Ch05-1


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"' Define an accounting system and descri$e

its implementation'' Journali(e and post transactions in a

manual accounting system that uses

su$sidiary ledgers and special journals'

After studying this chapter, you shouldbe able to:


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)' Descri$e and give e*amples of additional

su$sidiary ledgers and modified special journals'

+' ,pply computeri(ed accounting to the

revenue and collection cycle'

-' Descri$e the $asic features of e.commerce'

After studying this chapter, you shouldbe able to:


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Define an accountingsystem and describe its

implementation.

/$jective "/$jective "

/$jective "/$jective "

5-1


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-

5-1Accounting Systems Growth Process

Accounting system is the

methods and procedures for

collecting0 classifying0summari(ing0

and reporting a $usiness1s

financial and operating

information


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3dentify the needs of those 4ho use the $usiness1s financial information'

Determine ho4 the system should

provide this information'

Step 1: Analysis

Three Step Process as a Business

Grows and Changes

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6he system is designed so that it meets

the users1 needs'

Step 2: Design

6he system is implemented and used'

Step 3: Implementation

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/nce a system has $een

implemented0 feedback 0 or inputfrom the users of the information

can $e used to analy(e and

improve the system'

5-1Feedback


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Internal controls are policies

and procedures that protect

assets from misuse0 ensure that

$usiness information is accurate0

and ensure that la4s and

regulations are $eing follo4ed'

5-1Internal Controls


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Processing methods are the

means $y 4hich the system

collects0 summari(es0 and

reports accounting information'

6hese methods may $e either

manual or computerized '

5-1Processing Methods


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Journalize and post transactionsin a manual accounting system

that uses subsidiary ledgers and

special journals.

/$jective /$jective /$jective /$jective

5-2


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, large num$er of individual

accounts 4ith a commoncharacteristic can $e grouped

together in a separate ledger called

a subsidiary ledger .

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6he primary ledger0 4hich

contains all of the $alancesheet and income statement

accounts0 is called a

general ledger .

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%ach su$sidiary ledger is

represented in the generalledger $y a summari(ing

account0 called a

controlling account .

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6he individual customers1

accounts are arranged in

alpha$etical order in a su$sidiaryledger called the accounts

receivable subsidiary ledger or

customers ledger '

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6he individual creditors1

accounts are arranged in

alpha$etical order in a

su$sidiary ledger called the

accounts payable

subsidiary ledger 0 or

creditors ledger .

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"5"5

Cash 11

Accts. Pay. 21

General Ledger

Accts. ec. 12

Supplies 1!

Accounts ecei"a#le

Su#sidiary Ledger

A $ C D

Customer Accounts

Accounts Paya#le

Su#sidiary Ledger

A $ C D

Creditor Accounts

General edger and Subsidiary edgers 5-2


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S%LLI&GS%LLI&G

Pro"iding ser"ices on account

e"enue 'ournale"enue 'ournalrecorded inrecorded in

eceipt o( cash (rom any source

Cash receipts 'ournalCash receipts 'ournalrecorded inrecorded in

Special !ournals 5-2


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6he all.purpose t4o.column

journal0 called the general journal

or simply the journal can $e used

for entries that do not fit into any

of the special journals'

Special !ournals 5-2


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6he revenue journal is used for

recording fees earned on account .Cash fees earned 4ould $e recorded

in the cash receipts journal'

5-2


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Posting the "e#enue !ournal

e"enue +ournal In"oice Post Accts. ec. , De#it

Date &o. Account De#ited e(. -ees %arned , Credit

Page 3

"

)

+

-

2

"

)

+

-

2

/ /1/ ap0one 1

1 /1 4e# Cantina 2 /

2 /1 Accessories #y Sintha 3

!!7

5ar. 2 /1 Accessories #y Sintha 2 2

5-2

olu inet


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Page 3

"

)

+

-

2

"

)

+

-

2

/ /1/ ap0one 1


2 /1 Accessories #y Claire 3

!!7


Accounts ecei"a#le Su#sidiary Ledger

Date Item P.. De#it Credit $alance

Accessories #y Sintha

5ar. 2 3 2626 2626!!7

5-2


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Page 3

"

)

+

-

2

"

)

+

-

2

/ /1/ ap0one 1


2 /1 Accessories #y Claire 3

!!7




Accessories #y Sintha

5ar. 2 3 2626 2626!!7

5-2


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Page 3

"

)

+

-

2

"

)

+

-

2

/ /1/ ap0one 1



!!7


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Page 3

"

)

+

-

2

"

)

+

-

2

/ /1/ ap0one 1



!!7


31 7 /

5-2$%hibit & "e#enue !ournal


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ACC8)&9 Accounts ecei"a#le Account &o. 12

$alance

Dr. Cr.Date Dr. Cr.Item

Post.

e(.

2

5ar. 1$alance 3 !

31 7 / 13 3

6he de$it total is posted from the

revenue journal to Accounts

Receivable in the general ledger'

e"enue +ournal6 page 3

5-2


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Page 3

"

)

+

-

2

"

)

+

-

2

/ /1/ ap0one 1



2


31 7 /

12;

Indicates a de#it posting o( p76/6 to

Accounts Receivable ( General Ledger Account 12;

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ACC8)&9 -ees %arned Account &o. !1

$alance

Date Dr. Cr.ItemPost.

e(.

2

5ar. 31 7 / 3

6he credit total is posted from the

revenue journal to ees !arned in

the general ledger'

e"enue +ournal6 page 3

5-2

7 /

Dr. Cr.


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Example Exercise 5-1

6he follo4ing revenue transactions occurred during

Decem$er9

)"

Record these transactions in a revenue journal as

illustrated in %*hi$it '

5-2

Dec' - 3nvoice :o' )! to ;udiman for services

provided on account0 Rp-0!!!0!!!'Dec' 8 3nvoice :o' )!) to JoJo %nterprises for

services provided on account0 Rp0"!!0!!!'

Dec' "- 3nvoice :o' )!+ to Dou$le D0 3nc' for

services provided on account0 Rp)0-!0!!!'


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Follow My Example 5-1

5-2



Page

"

)

+

-

2

"

)

+

-

2

7 33 +o+o %nterprises 2 1

1 3! Dou#le D Inc. 3 2

Dec. 32 $udiman


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,ll transactions that involve the

receipt of cash are recorded in a

cash receipts journal '

%very entry recorded in the cash

receipts journal 4ill involve a de$it

to the


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)-)-


4e# Cantina

5ar. 1 $al. 36!6

1 3 26/6 /66

!!7

36!6

26/617

5ar. 1 ent e"enue !6 !6

CAS< %C%IP9S +8)&AL

8ther Accounts

Post Accounts ecei"a#le Cash

Date Account Credited e(. Cr. Cr. Dr.

Page 1!

!!7

17 4e# Cantina 36!6 36!6

2 Accessories #y Sintha 2626 2626

3 ap0one 166 166


!2

C1!

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,fter all journali(ing and

posting for the month toindividual accounts is complete0

the columns are totaled'

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5ar. 1 ent e"enue !6 !6

CAS< %C%IP9S +8)&AL

8ther Accounts

Post Accounts ecei"a#le Cash

Date Account Credited e(. Cr. Cr. Dr.

Page 1!

!!7

17 4e# Cantina 36!6 36!6

2 Accessories #y Sintha 2626 2626

3 ap0one 166 166

!2

!6 636 66

; 12; 11;

Posted Cash "eceipts !ournal 5-2

, checkmark indicates that

the items in this column are

posted individually'

, checkmark indicates that

the items in this column are

posted individually'


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,fter posting0 the total amount of the

accounts in the accounts receiva$le

su$sidiary ledger should match the

$alance in the general ledger1s

Accounts Receivable account'

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Accounts ecei"a#le=Controlling;

;alance0 =arch "0 !!7 Rp)0+!!0!!!

6otal de$its >from revenue journal? 802!!0!!!

6otal credits >from cash receipts journal? >50)-!0!!!?

;alance0 =arch )"0 !!7 Rp-02-!0!!!

Solusi&etCustomer $alance Summary eport6 5arch 316 2

,ccessories ;y Sintha Rp)0!!!0!!!

Rap@one !We$ Cantina 02-!0!!!

6otal accounts receiva$le Rp-02-!0!!!

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6he de$its and credits from t4o transactions are presented

in the follo4ing customer account9

+!

Descri$e each transaction and the source of each

posting'

&A5% 5itra Prima

ADD%SS +alan aden Saleh &o.7!

+uly 1 $al. /26

In". 3 12 / 116

31 In". 31 C! 122 76

Date Item P.. Dr. Cr. $alance

5-2


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July 5 #rovided Rp720!!! services on account to =itra

#rima0 itemi(ed on invoice )-' ,mount posted

from page " of the revenue journal'

July )" Cash of Rp"0!!! 4as collected from =itra

#rima >invoice )"?' ,mount posted from page +

of the cash receipts journal'

5-2


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+)+)

Accts. 8ther

Post Paya#le Supplies Accounts Post

Date Account Credited e(. Cr. Dr. Dr. e(. Amount

P)Co Desiana 16!6 16!6

2 9o>o


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:ote that the =arch " purchase

of office eAuipment for

Rp07!!0!!! is recorded as ade$it in the


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Accts. 8ther



P)Co o Desiana !26 !26

12 +u'ur 266 8((. %?uip. 266

17 9o>o Desiana 16!6 16!6

2 9o>o


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Accts. 8ther



P)Co o Desiana !26 !2612 +u'ur 266 8((. %?uip. 266

17 9o>o Desiana 16!6 16!6

2 9o>o o


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Accts. 8ther



P)Co o Desiana !26 !26

12 +u'ur 266 8((. %?uip. 1 266

17 9o>o Desiana 16!6 16!6

2 9o>o ,ccount "7 in the

general ledger? is de$ited for Rp07!!0!!!'


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,t the end of =arch0 all columns are totaled

and eAuality of de$its and credits is verified'

6hen the total amount in the


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9o>o Desiana !26 !26

12 +u'ur 266 8((. %?uip. 1 266

17 9o>o Desiana 16!6 16!6

2 9o>o


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Accts. 8ther



9o>o Desiana !26 !26

12 +u'ur 266 8((. %?uip. 1 266

17 9o>o Desiana 16!6 16!6

2 9o>o


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6he follo4ing purchase transactions occurred during

/cto$er for elping and Cleaners9

/ct' "" #urchased cleaning supplies for Rp)-0!!!0 on

account0 from eneral Supplies'"8 #urchased cleaning supplies for Rp""!0!!!0 on

account0 from utama Supplies'

+ #urchased office eAuipment for Rp7-!0!!!0 on

account0

from /ffice Warehouse'

Record these transactions in a purchases journal as

illustrated at the top of %*hi$it -' -"

5-2


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P)C


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,ll transactions involving

a credit to %ash arerecorded in the cash

payments journal .

5-2Cash Payments !ournal


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CAS< PA*5%&9S +8)&AL

8ther Accounts

C>. Post Accounts Paya#le Cash

Date &o. Account De#ited e(. Dr. Dr. Cr

PAG$ (

!!7

=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!!0!!! "02!!0!!!

/n =arch 0 issued Check "-!

for rent of Rp"02!!0!!!'

5-2

olu inet


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CAS< PA*5%&9S +8)&AL

8ther Accounts



PAG$ (

!!7

=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!!0!!! "02!!0!!!

/n =arch "-0 issued Check "-" to

untur on account0 Rp"0)!0!!!'

"- "-" untur "0)!0!!! "0)!0!!!

5-2


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&et1s post to the accounts

paya$le su$sidiary ledger atthis time to keep the

creditors1 account current'

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CAS< PA*5%&9S +8)&AL8ther Accounts



PAG$ (

!!7=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!!0!!! "02!!0!!!

"- "-" untur "0)!0!!! "0)!0!!!" "- Jujur' 07!!0!!! 07!!0!!!

"-) 6oko Desiana +!0!!! +!0!!!

)! "-+ Etilities %*pense "0!-!0!!! "0!-!0!!!

)" "-- 6oko usin 2!!0!!! 2!!0!!!

Journali(e the remainder of

=arch1s cash dis$ursements'

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-8"




PAG$ (

!!7=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!! "02!!

"- "-" rayco Supplies "0)! "0)!" "- Je4ett ;usiness Sys' 07!! 07!!

"-) Donnelly Supplies +! +!

)! "-+ Etilities %*pense "0!-! "0!-!

)" "-- o4ard Supplies 2!! 2!!

Journali(ed the remainder of

=arch1s cash dis$ursements'

-8




PAG$ (

!!7=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!!0!!! "02!!0!!!

"- "-" untur "0)!0!!! "0)!0!!!

" "- Jujur 07!!0!!! 07!!0!!!

"-) 6oko Desiana +!0!!! +!0!!!

)! "-+ Etilities %*pense "0!-!0!!! "0!-!0!!!

)" "-- 6oko usin 2!!0!!! 2!!0!!!

#ost to individual

creditor1s accounts'

5-2


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2!2!




PAG$ (

!!7=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!! "02!!



)! "-+ Etilities %*pense "0!-! "0!-!





PAG$ (

!!7=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!!0!!! "02!!0!!!

"- "-" untur "0)!0!!! "0)!0!!!

" "- Jujur 07!!0!!! 07!!0!!!

"-) 6oko Desiana +!0!!! +!0!!!

)! "-+ Etilities %*pense "0!-!0!!! "0!-!0!!!

)" "-- 6oko usin 2!!0!!! 2!!0!!!

6he journal is ruled0 summed0 and verified for

eAuality of de$its and the


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2"2"




PAG$ (

!!7=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!! "02!!



)! "-+ Etilities %*pense "0!-! "0!-!





PAG$ (

!!7=ar' "-! Rent %*pense "02!!0!!! "02!!0!!!

"- "-" untur "0)!0!!! "0)!0!!!" "- Jujur 07!!0!!! 07!!0!!!

"-) 6oko Desiana +!0!!! +!0!!!

)! "-+ Etilities %*pense "0!-!0!!! "0!-!0!!!

)" "-- 6oko usin 2!!0!!! 2!!0!!!

)" 02-!0!!! -0!-!0!!! 505!!0!!!3tems in the


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Accounts Payable Control and

Subsidiary edger

,ccounts #aya$leF

>Control?

;alance0 =arch "0 !!7 Rp"0)!0!!!

6otal credits >from purchases journal? 20)!0!!!

6otal de$its >from cash payments journal? >-0!-!0!!!?

;alance0 =arch )"0 !!7 Rp0+"!0!!!

Solusi:et

Supplier ;alance Summary Report

=arch )"0 !!7

6oko Desiana Rp"0+-!0!!!untur !

6oko usin 82!0!!!

Jujur !

6otal Rp0+"!0!!!

5-2

5 2


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2)


6he de$its and credits from t4o transactions are presented

in the follo4ing creditor1s >supplier1s? account9

2)

Descri$e each transaction and the source of each

posting'

&A5% Lusiana

ADD%SS +alan Palmerah Selatan &o.1

Aug. 1 $al. 326

12 $ill 11 CP3/ 26 126

22 $ill 1/ P1/ 1!6 2/6

Date Item P.. Dr. Cr. $alance

5-2

5 2


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,ug' " #aid Rp!!0!!! to &usiana on account >;ill

"!"?' ,mount posted from page C#)2 of the

cash payments journal',ug' #urchased Rp"+!0!!! of services on account

from &usiana itemi(ed on ;ill "!2' ,mount

posted from page #"2 of the purchases journal'

5-2


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Describe and givee&amples of additional

subsidiary ledgers and

modified special journals.

/$jective )/$jective )/$jective )/$jective )

5-3


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, $usiness may modify its special

journals $y adding one or morecolumns for recording transactions

that occur freAuently'

5-3Modi)ied Special !ournals


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/n :ovem$er 0 Solusi:et

issued 3nvoice :o' 7+ to

6ulus ,$adi for

Rp+055!0!!!0 4hich

included sales ta*es ofRp5!0!!!'

5-3

olu inet


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5-3Modi)ied "e#enue !ournal

e"enue +ournal Page !

&o". 2 !2 9ulus A#adi ! ! 2 2

In"oice Accts. ec. -ees %arned Sales 9a. Pay

Date &o. Account De#ited P Dr. Cr. Cr.

olu inet


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e"enue +ournalIn"oice Accts. ec. -ees %arned Sales 9a. Pay


Page !

&o". 2 !2 9ulus A#adi ! ! 2 2

5-3

Rp+055!0!!! is de$ited to

6ulus ,$adi in the

accounts paya$le

su$sidiary ledger

Rp+055!0!!! is de$ited to

6ulus ,$adi in the

accounts paya$le

su$sidiary ledger


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5!5!


&o". 2 !2 9ulus A#adi ! ! 2 2

5-3

, checkmark indicates

that the amount has

$een posted'

, checkmark indicates

that the amount has

$een posted'




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/n :ovem$er )0 issued 3nvoice

:o' 7+) to Kum$ang forRp"0"220!!!0 4hich included

sales ta*es of Rp220!!!'

5-3


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5-3


&o". 2 !2 9ulus A#adi ! ! 2 2

3 !3 Bum#ang 1 1// 1 1 //

5



5 3


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5)


6he state of 6ennessee has a 5G sales ta*' Sukmajaya0

had t4o revenue transactions as follo4s9

,ug' ) 3ssued 3nvoice :o' -7 to elena Company for

services provided on account0 Rp"0+!!0!!!0 plus

H,6

"8 3ssued 3nvoice :o' -8 to Kalam %nterprises for

services provided on account0 Rp8!!0!!!0 plus

H,6'

Record these transactions in a revenue journal asillustrated in the previous section'

5)

5-3

5 3


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5+5+


5-3

e"enue +ournal

Aug. 3


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5-

Apply computerized

accounting to the revenue

and collection cycle.

/$jective +/$jective +/$jective +/$jective +

5-4


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Computeri(ed accounting systems have three main

advantages over manual systems9

"' Computerized systems simplify the record-keeping

process' 6ransactions are recorded in electronic forms

and0 at the same time0 posted electronically to general and

su$sidiary ledger accounts'' Computerized systems are generally more accurate than

manual systems'

)' Computerized systems provide management current

account $alance information to support decision making0since account $alances are posted as the transactions

occur'


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, database collects0

stores0 and organi(esinformation in a

retrieva$le format'

5-4*atabase


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5-4

55


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,t any time0 managers may reAuest

reports from the soft4are'

"? 6he customer $alance

summary'

? 6he fees earned $y customer

detail'

)? 6he cash receipts'

5-4


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Describe the basic

features of e'commerce.

/$jective -/$jective -/$jective -/$jective -

5-5


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Esing the 3nternet to perform $usinesstransactions is termed e'commerce .

5-5e+Commerce

When transactions are $et4een a company

and a consumer0 it is termed ()% >$usiness.to.consumer? e'commerce .

When transactions are conducted $et4een a

company and another company0 it is termed ()( > $usiness.to.$usiness? e'commerce'


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7

6hree more advanced areas 4here the

3nternet is $eing used for $usiness

purposes are9

Supply chain management >SC=? Consumer relationship management

>CR=? #roduct life.cycle management

>#&=?

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%nd of Chapter -

5-5

Documents

Warren Adaptasi Edisi 2_Ch05-1