Warm Up: Tuesday 11/9/13

• On the back of your current Table of Contents, start a new Table of Contents.

Table of Contents- 2nd Quarter 1. 10/25 C-notes: Tone vs. Mood P. 27 2. 11/5 C-notes: Vocab 4-A (Author’s Bias & Info Texts) P. 28-29 3. Quickwrites 2nd Quarter Pp. 30-33 4. So Far From the Bamboo Grove Map P. 34

Test Corrections…

• Due this Friday, 11/8• See Mrs. Batson AFTER CLASS to get a copy of

the test if you DO NOT have internet access at home.

• You may earn half credit back for corrected answers if: 1. You write the letter of the correct answer2. You write explanations for each answers in complete sentences. Tell me WHY you changed it.

Vocab 4-A: Author Bias

What is bias and how does it affect an author’s reliability?

Bias

• A prejudice, an opinion• A personal judgment either for or against a

particular person, position, or thing• Examples: – “All dogs are vicious.” – “All politicians are dishonest.”

How do we detect bias?

• The author…– uses loaded or emotionally appealing words– uses stereotypes or generalizations – presents a one-sided argument by excluding

or including particular informationBetter… Exciting… Delight… New… Delicious…Creative… Dangerous… Fantastic… Helpful… Convenient… Should… Worthwhile… Horrible… Strongly Recommend… Magnificent… Harmful… Popular… Repulsive

Argument

• An author takes a position and defends it with reasons and evidence

• Example:– “Students should not be required to wear

uniforms to school because it takes away their individuality.”

Objective Point of View

• Presents facts, not feelings• Usually found in newspaper articles, textbooks,

and biographies• Example: “It was while Villa was in Chihuahua

City, two weeks before the advance on Torreon, that the artillery corps of his army decided to present him with a gold medal for personal heroism on the field.” – From “The Rise of Pancho Villa” by John Reed

Central Idea

• The major topic of a passage or work that may be stated directly or inferred.

• To find the central idea, ask yourself: – “What is the most important point the author

wants me to understand about the topic?”

Central Idea: Example

Marko and Troy wanted to drive to Key West for the weekend. Marko decided that he did not have enough gas in his car. The trip to Key West was about 400 miles, and would cost about $150 in gas. Troy said that he would pay for the gas just as long as Marko would pay him back when they returned. Marko and Troy had a good time in Key West until Troy left Marko at the beach to talk to some girls. Marko drove back without Troy and they never spoke again.

Central Idea: Example

What is the central idea of the passage?A. Marko decided that he did not have enough gas in his car.B. Marko and Troy had a good time in Key West until Troy

left Marko at the beach.C. Marko drove back without Troy and they never spoke

again.D. Marko and Troy decided to take a trip to Key West that

later cost them their friendship.

Word Choice: Denotation

• The specific or literal meaning of a word• Example: “My date was so cheap! He picked

me up on a bicycle, took me to McDonalds, and made me pay for my own dinner.” – What is the denotation of cheap in this context?

a. Well-pricedb. Discountedc. Ruded. A Bargain

Word Choice: Connotation

• A word’s implied meaning• Consists of suggestions, associations, and

emotional feelings attached to the word– Positive– Negative– Neutral (no feelings)

Word Choice: Connotation

Example: “My date was so cheap! He picked me up on a bicycle, took me to McDonalds, and made me pay for my own dinner.” • What is the connotation of the word cheap in

this context?A. PositiveB. NegativeC. Neutral

Euphemism

• The substitution of a mild and pleasant phrase for a harsh and blunt one.

• Example: “Because Emily was visually impaired, all of her work needed to be translated into Braille.”– The phrase visually impaired substitutes for the

word blind

Euphemism or Idiom?Idiom Word Euphemism

“Bite the dust”“Kick the bucket”

Die “Pass away” “Go to a better place”

Propaganda• The goal is to persuade • Calls the reader to action

either for or against someone or something

• Usually a one-sided argument or appeal to reader’s emotions

• Types: Bandwagon, Testimonial, Glittering Generality, and Name Calling

Glittering Generality

• Emotionally appealing words applied to a product or idea but that present no solid argument

• Examples: “In defense of democracy,” “stand for freedom and individualism,” etc.

Name Calling

• The use of derogatory language or words that carry a negative connotation

• Examples: – Calling a policeman a pig– “My opponent is a flip flop

man who cannot make up his mind… How could anyone follow such a weak-willed flip-flopper?”