If you can't read please download the document
Upload
bartholomew-berry
View
217
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Unit 4: Post Classical Era Part B
Citation preview
Warm-Up Traveling- it leaves you speechless, then turns you into
a storyteller Ibn Battuta Unit 4: Post Classical Era
Part B Nations of Africa Ghana- a West African nation that
developed mainly based off of trading. Thrived on gold-for-salt
trade between North and West Africa. Most powerful nation until the
late 1000s AD. Conquered by the nation of Mali. Mali Mansa Musa-
great ruler of Mali in early 1300s.
Supported education and the arts. The capital Timbuktu became the
leading center for learning in Africa. Strong believer in Islam,
builds a great mosque. Mansa Musa Made pilgrimage to Mecca to
display Malis great wealth of gold. 60,000 travelers, 12,000 slaves
each caring a 4-lb. gold bar each. 80 camels with 50 to 300 lbs of
gold dust. Ibn Battuta An explorer of the world writing down
accounts of world regions. Explored the world over a 30 year
period. More than 75,000 miles traveled. Songhai 1468 rebel leader
Sonni Ali captured Timbuktu and created Songhai kingdom. Thrived on
trade Valued Education 1591, empire ends when Moroccan army uses
firearms to defeat Songhai. The Rise of Russia Invaders from
Scandinavia known as The Rus took over control of the cities
Novgorod and Kiev in 862 AD. Rich trade routes by land and river
made Kiev a trading post for the Rus and Vikings. Connected Russia
to Mediterranean *Traded with Byzantine Empire. The Land Steppe-
grassy and mostly treeless with black fertile soil that is ideal
for agriculture. Religion Originally pagan, worshipping many
gods.
Vladimir I- converts to Christianity c. 980s AD. Makes all Kievans
covert. After Great Schism, sides with Eastern Orthodox Church.
Culture Traded agriculture goods with Byzantines.
Wood, iron, salt and furs By late 1000s AD, Byzantine influence
spread all over Russian areas. Russia and the Mongols After
Vladimir I, Kievan princes fought for control of lands in Russia.
1169 and 1203, groups of princes attacked Kiev. City of Kiev became
weak Outside invaders attacked the weakened city. The Mongols
Nomadic tribe that built up an empire all over Asia.
Treated defeated enemies harshly to create fear in future enemies.
Advanced cavalry technology such as stirrups and powerful bows
Largest connected empire in history. 12.7 Million Square Miles The
Mongols Genghis Khan- great Mongol leader from Original name
Temujin. Genghis Khan means Universal Ruler Conquered Central Asia
and Persia. Kublai Khan Grandson of Genghis Khan, conquered the
rest of China, Tibet and SE Asia. Unified China and stabilized its
gov. First emperor of the Mongol Dynasty First ruler to use paper
currency. Marco Polo Italian explorer and merchant.
*He wrote of the wealth of China and encouraged trade between
Europe and the Mongols. Became good friends with Kublai Khan.
Traveled China for 17 years Traveled 15,000 miles. Batu Left
advancement on Europe to elect a new Khan.
Another grandson of Genghis Khan Invaded Europe around 1240
conquering Russia, parts of Poland, Hungary and Vienna. Army became
known as the Golden Horde because of their gold colored tents in
the sun. Left advancement on Europe to elect a new Khan. Mongols
cont Mongols control Persia, Northern parts of India, Asia, and
Russia. Attempts to conquer Japan Not able to capture Japan. Strong
storms destroyed ships crossing the sea. Fierce warriors such as
Samurai and Ninjas repelled Mongol invaders. Mongols control
Russia
From mid 1200s to late 1400s, Mongols ruled Russia. Taxed the
Russians Let Russians keep gov. as long as they pay taxes. The Rise
of Moscow 1480- Ivan III- Known as Ivan the Great no longer
acknowledges Mongol rule. Unites Russians to rebel against Mongols.
Takes back Russia. Moscow becomes new power city in Russia. Ivan
the Terrible Becomes rule in 1533, at age 3.
1547, he takes power as ruler, takes title, czar, or caesar. The
czar had absolute power. Makes Moscow an important religious and
cultural city. Warm-Up What was the capital city of the West
African nation of Mali? Growth of Church Moscow is claimed as the
Third Rome
Rome fell because of heresy Byzantine conquered by non-Christians.
Moscow needs to keep Christian faith. Mughal Empire In 1300s,
Turkish Muslims controlled India.
Fighting between Turks and Rajputs, Indian warrior princes,
weakened India. Mongols attack under Babur, capturing Delhi in
1526. Established Mughal Empire Height of Mughal Empire
Shah Jahan- emperor from Built Taj Mahal, a tomb for his wife Had
to increase taxes on his people to help pay for the building and
his wars against the Persians. A New Religion Sikhism- a religious
mix of Islam and Hindu.
Calls for devotion to one God A lack of idols A less rigid social
system China Tang Dynasty: AD Grand Canal- connected north and
south China with 1,000 miles of dug out waterways. First female
empress Empress Wu First female emperor of China.
Ruled Established Zen Buddhism, enlightenment through meditation.
Sung Dynasty 907, warlords overthrow Tang Dynasty
Warlords had no stable gov. Mongols begin invading from the north.
Tang & Sung Contributions
Gunpowder- first used in fireworks, then used in first attempts of
guns. Movable type- wooden blocks with symbols to mass produce
written text. First type of printing press. Warm-Up Which Mongol
ruler unified China and helped stabilize its government? Yuan
Dynasty Established by Kublai Khan in 1279 Defeats Sung
Dynasty
Ruled China until 1368 Ming Dynasty Established in 1368 after
collapse of Mongol rule.
Beijing is now capital Forbidden City is constructed in 1406.
Official capital palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Ming Dynasty
cont Early in the dynasty, supported many sea explorations trying
to find new people to trade with. Zheng He explores Africa and
Arabia. High demand for silk made trade favorable between Europe
and China. *Later in the dynasty, explorations stopped Emperors saw
little value in exploration Zheng He Sailed Indian Ocean from
1406-1433.
Explored SE Asia, India, Arabia Peninsula, and the Horn of Africa.
Traded for goods with other nations. Wanted to show world of
Chinese goods. Qing Dynasty Tribes from Northern China united to
form the Manchu.
Overthrew Ming and ruled from 1644 until 1912. Controlled China and
Mongolia. Stabilized Chinas gov. & people Japan Early Japanese
believed in gods and nature spirits called Kami.
Shinto meaning Way of Kami is the belief that spirits live in
natural objects. Ex. sand, waterfalls, or trees Only 1 imperial
family has ruled Japan, the Yamato Clan, since 300 AD. Feudal Japan
Two sources of power.
Central gov.- important families influenced emperor. Powerful
landowners with own warriors. 1192 two family clans were given the
title shogun, or general. Emperor keeps throne, shogun controlled
military, finances and law. Feudal Japan cont Local lords called
Daimyo protected themselves from Ninjas, hired assassins, by hiring
Samurai, fierce warriors loyal to their masters. Bushido, way of
the warrior is a code of behavior samurai would follow that
stressed bravery, loyalty, and honor. Do not complain about
physical pain Do not fear death Seppuku- ceremonial suicide if
samurai were defeated in battle or displeased their masters. A way
to avoid dishonor. Warm-Up Under which Russian ruler did the
Russians rebel against Mongol rule? Warm-Up What are two
contributions from the Tang and Sung dynasties?