Irjn- hn-⁄m-\ -]-c-ºc 1/2012

imkv{Xob ]®-°-dnssØ

DXv]m-Z\w

Published by : Dr. G. Syda Rao, Director, CMFRI, Kochi - 18Edited by : Dr. Shinoj Subramannian, Programme Coordinator / Sr. Scientist

Prepared by : Shoji Joy Edison, SMS (Horticulture)Krishi Vigyan Kendra, CMFRI (ICAR), Narakkal - 682 505

October 2012

Irjn-hn-⁄m-\-tI{μwtI{μ kap{Z a’y Kth-jW ÿm]\w

(tZiob Im¿jnI Kth-jW Iu¨kn¬)

Rmd-bv°¬ ]n.-H., sIm®n ˛ 682 505

t^m¨ : 0484-̨ 2492450

C.-sa-bn¬ : kvkernakulam@cmfri.org.in

ssXIfp≠m°p∂ hn[w

t{Sbnse Ipgn-Iƒ am[yaw D]-tbm-Kn®v \nd-

bv°p-I. aÆnc ItºmÃv BWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂-sX-¶n¬ ka-ambn aWepw tN¿°-Ww. 800 {Kmw

NIn-cn-t®m¿ thWw 98 Ad-Iƒ \nd-bv°p-hm≥.

0.5 sk.-ao. Bg-Øn¬ hnc-ep-]-tbm-Kn®v hnØv

]mI-Ww. Hcp Ipgn-bn¬ Hcp hnØv F∂ IW-

°n¬ hnØn-´-tijw AXn-\p-ap-I-fn¬ NIn-cn-

t®m¿ CSp-I. \\-hp-s≠-¶n¬ apf-bv°p-∂-Xp-hsc

Pe-tk-N\w Bh-iy-an -√. H∂n\p apI-fn¬

H∂mbn 10 t{SIƒ hbv°p-I. t{SI-fpsS apI-fn¬

t]mfn-Øo≥ jo‰n´p aqSp-I. apf-®-Xn-\p-tijw

Ch ASp°n hf¿® A\p-k-cn®v Xcw-Xn-cn®v

hbv°mw. BgvN-bn-sem-cn-°¬ 19% NPK an{inXw

3g/en‰¿ Pe-Øn¬ F∂ IW-°n¬ emb-\n-

bm°n Xfn-°Ww. X°mfn, Imt_-Pv, tImfn-^vf-

h¿ apX-em-bh 20-˛25 Znhkw sIm≠v Xøm-dm-

hpw. apf-Iv, Im]vkn°w apX-em-bh 35-̨ 40 Znhkw

sIm≠mWv Xøm-dmhp-∂-Xv.

IoS-tcm-K-\n-b-{¥Ww

apf-®-Xn-\p-tijw tIm∏¿ HmIvkn t¢mssdUv

(3g/en‰¿ PeØn¬) As√-¶n¬ Im¿_-≠mknw

(2g/en‰¿ Pe-Øn¬) D]-tbm -Kn -°p -∂Xv

ssXIƒ°v tcmKw h∂v \in-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥

klm-bn-°pw. CanUm t¢m{]nUv (.3ml/en‰¿ Pe-

Øn¬) apf®v 7˛10 Znh-k-Øn-\p-tijw Xfn-°p-

∂-Xp-aqew IoS-\n-b-{¥Ww Dd-∏m-°mw. ]dn-®p-\-

Sp-∂-Xn\v Hcm-gvN-apºv Pe-tk-N-\hpw XWepw

Ipd®v ssXIsf i‡-am-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

t{]mt{S-I-fn¬ ssXIƒ D≠m-°p-∂-Xns‚ KpW-߃

hnØp-Iƒ icn-bmbn apf-bv°p-Ibpw tISm-

hp-∂Xv Ipd-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p

hne-]n-Sn-∏p≈ k¶-c-bn-\-߃ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n√

Hmtcm ssXbv°pw hf-cm-\m-h-iy-amb ÿew

e`n-°p-∂p

IoS-tcm-K-_m[ Ipdhv

]dn®p \Sp-tºm-fp≈ thcp-s]m-´¬ Ipdhv

ssIImcyw sNøm\pw sIm≠p-t]m-Iphm\pw

Ffp∏w

Htc coXn-bn-ep≈ hf¿®

Xøm-dmb ]®-°dnssØIƒ

Xøm-dm-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ ]e-bn\w ]®-°dnssØIƒ

t]mfn-Øo≥ jo‰p-sIm≠v s]mXn-b-Ww. ]m¿iz-h-

i-߃ 40 sajns‚ IoS-߃ IS-°mØ s\‰p-

sIm≠v s]mXn-b-Ww. Npcp-́ n-sh-°m-hp∂ tjUv

s\‰v kqcy-{]-Im-ihpw Xm]-\n-ebpw Ipdbv°p-∂-

Xn\p klm-bn-°pw. NqSp-Im-eØv Xm]-\ne Ipd-

bv°p-hm-\mbn t^mK¿ Bh-iy-ambn hcpw. CØ-

c-Øn¬ kwc-£Ww \¬In Xøm-dm-°p∂

ssXIƒ°v sshdkv tcmK-߬ _m[n-°p-I-bn√.

IqSmsX sh≈o-®, ap™ apX-emb \ocq-‰n-°p-Sn-

°p∂ IoS-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ssXIƒ°v c£ e`n-

°p-∂p.

BtcmKy-ap≈ ssXIƒ Im¿jnI DXv]m-Z-

\-Øn¬ henb ]¶mWv hln-°p-∂-Xv. \√

ssXIƒ ]dn-®p-\-´m¬ s]s´∂v thcv ]nSn-°p-

Ibpw, icn-bmb hf¿®bpw \√ DXv]m-Z-\hpw

\¬Ip-∂XmWv. ]®-°-dn-hn-Øp-Iƒ t\cn v́ Irjn-

bn-S -Øn¬ \Sp-I-tbm, Xhm-c-W-I-fn¬ \´v

ssXIƒ ]dn®p \Sp-Itbm sNøp∂ c≠v Xcw

coXn-I-fmWv \ne-hn-ep-≈-Xv. ssXI-fpsS Hcp-an-

®p≈ ]cn-N-cWw Dd-∏m-°m≥ Ign-bpI F∂Xpw

Ipd-®p-am{Xw hnØv aXn F∂p≈Xpw Xhm-cW

coXn-bpsS KpW-^-e-ß-fm-Wv. Xpd∂ ÿeØv

Xhm-c-W-I-fn-emWv km[mc-W-bmbn hnØp-Iƒ

]mIp-∂-Xv. hnØp-Iƒ hcn-h-cn-bmbn ]mIp-Itbm

hnX-bv°p-Itbm sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Xhm-c-W-I-

fpsS \ofw 3 ao‰¿, hoXn 1 ao‰¿, Dbcw 15 sk.ao

F∂mWv IW-°v. Xhm-c-W-Iƒ D≠m-°nb

tijw DW-ßnb NmW-I-s∏mSn Hcp NXp-c-{i-ao-

‰-dn\v 2 Intem F∂ IW-°n\v C´v sImSp-°-

Ww. Hcp Izn‚¬ NmWIhp-ambn 10 Intem

th∏n≥ ]nÆm-°pw, Hcp Intem ss{St°m-

S¿abpw Iq´n-bn-f-°p-∂Xv \√-Xm-Wv. CØ-c-Øn¬

Xpd- mb ÿeØv Xhm-c-W-I-fn¬ Xøm-dm-°p∂

ssXIƒ°v Nne \yq\-X-Iƒ D≠v. sh≈o-®,

ap™ XpS-ßnb IoS-_m-[-tb-ev°p∂ImcWw

sshdkv tcmK-߃ CØ-c-Øn¬ Xøm-dm-°p∂

ssXI-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]dn-®p-\-Sp-tºmƒ thcv

s]m´p-∂-Xp-aqew ]dn-®p-\-S-ens‚ BLm-X-ta‰v

hf-sc-b-[nIw ssXIƒ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬

CXn-s\mcp ]cnlmw F∂ coXn-bn¬, kwc-£nX

am¿§-Øn¬ kwh¿≤\ t{SI-fn¬ ssXIƒ Xøm-

dm°p∂ coXn hf-sc-b-[nIw {]Nm-c-ta-dn-h-cn-I-

bm-Wv. t{S-I-fn¬ kpjn-c-߃ D≈-Xp-sIm≠v

\o¿hm¿® Dd-∏m-°mw.

ssXI-fpsS kwc-£Ww

Btcm-Ky-ap≈ ssXIƒ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v

]cn-]m-e-\hpw t]mj-Whpw IqSmsX kwc£-

Whpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. ]®-°-dn-ssØ-Iƒ Nne-hp-

Ip-d™ t]mfn-l-ukn-tem, s\‰v lukntem

BWv hf¿tØ-≠-Xv. t]mfn-lu-kns‚ apIƒ

`mKw 200 ssat{Im-Wns‚ UV sÃ_n-ssekvUv

t]mfn-lu-kp-I-fn¬ t{]mt{Sbn-ep≈ ssX DXv]m-Z\w

ssXI-fpsS t{S

CØ-c -Øn -ep≈ t]mfnlukp -I -f n¬

ssXIƒ DXv]m-Zn -∏n -°p-∂-Xv t{SI-fn -em-Wv.

ssXI-fp¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ t{Ssb t{]mt{S (kw-

h¿≤\ t{S) F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. Ch t]mfn s{]m∏n-

en≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®mWv D≠m-°p-∂-Xv. Zo¿L-N-Xp-

cm-Ir-Xn-bn-ep≈ t{SI-fn¬ kpjn-c-ß-fp≈ 98

hrØm-Ir-Xn-bn¬ D≈ Ad-Iƒ D≠v. ka-N-Xp-

cm-Ir-Xn-bn¬ D≈ 144 Ad-IfpsS Zo¿L-N-Xp-cm-

Ir-Xn-bn¬ D≈ t{SIfpw Itºm-f-ß-fn¬ e`y-

amWv. X°m-fn, hgp-X-\, apfIv, Im]vkn-°w,

Imt_-Pv, tImfn-^vf-h¿, sh≈cn h¿§-߃

apXemb ]®-°-dn-Iƒ Cu t{Sbn-emWv hf¿Øp-

∂-Xv. Hmtcm XhW D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv

t{SI-fn¬ Ipanƒ\m-in\n D]-tbm-Kn®v AWp-\-

io-I-cWw Dd-∏m-°-Ww.

t{]mt{S-I-fn¬ aÆn\p ]Icw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ am[yaw

NIn-cn-t®mdv \√-hÆw Agp-In-bXv Bhn-bp-

]-tbm-Kn®v AWphnap‡-am-°n-b-tijw D]-tbm-

Kn-°p∂ am[yaw a‰p am[y-a-ß-tf-°mƒ \√-

XmWv. Cu¿∏w \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw tcmKw hcp-

Øm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw CXv klm-bn-°pw. NIn-cn-

t®m-dn-\p-]-Icw aÆn-c-I-tºmÃv, aW¬ an{inXw

F∂n-hbpw D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. NIn-cn-t®m-dv, th¿an-

°p-sse-‰v, s]¿sse‰v an{inXw 3 : 1 : 1 A\p-]mX-

Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv hfsc \√-Xm-Wv. NIn-

cn-t®m¿, πqtdm-´kv kvt]m¨, bqdn-b, ss{St°m-

U¿a, th∏n≥ ]nÆm°v apX-em-bh D]-tbm-Kn®v

ItºmÃv sNbvsX-Sp-°p-∂-XmWv G‰hpw em`-I-

chpw DØ-a-hp-am-bn-´p≈ am¿Kw.

144, 98 Ad-I-fp≈ t{]mt{SIƒ

t{]mt{S-bn¬ \nd-bv°p-hm-\p≈ am[yaw Xøm-dm-°p∂p