w - Ahmadiyya Muslim Community - Al Islam Online · apl½Zv id-^p-±o³ CÀ^m\n hnZym`ymkw : \mep tNmZy§fpw hnip² JpÀBsâ adp]Snbpw acWm\´c PohnX¯nsâ bpànimkv{Xw DÅS¡w Hcp

$Page 1: w - Ahmadiyya Muslim Community - Al Islam Online · apl½Zv id-^p-±o³ CÀ^m\n hnZym`ymkw : \mep tNmZy§fpw hnip² JpÀBsâ adp]Snbpw acWm\ć PohnX¯nsâ bpànimkv{Xw DÅS¡w Hcp$
sabv 2011 e°w 5 hne 20JpXz_: s°Xnscbp≈ {]t£m`ßƒ

v `c-W-Iq-S-ß-ƒ

hnZym`ymkw: \meptNmZyßfpw hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ adp]SnbpwhnZym`ymkw: \meptNmZyßfpw hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ adp]Snbpw

icoAØv \nbahpw cmjv{S\nbahpwicoAØv \nbahpw cmjv{S\nbahpw

Jnem^Øv Hcp imizX ssZhoI kwhn[m\wJnem^Øv Hcp imizX ssZhoI kwhn[m\w

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥2

Bbni (d)bn¬ \n∂v \nth-Z\w : "Fs‚ Cu ̀ h-\-Øn¬sh®v

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂Xv Rm≥ tIń-´p-≠v.

"A√m-lpth, Fs‚ {]P-I-fpsS h√ {]iv\hpw Bsc-¶nepw

Gs‰-SpØp, F∂n-´-h≥ Ahsc iey-s∏-SpØn F¶n¬ \o

Ah-s\bpw iey-s∏-Sp-tØ-Wta. Fs‚ {]P-I-fpsS Imcyw

Bsc-¶nepw Gs‰-SpØp, F∂n-´-h≥ Ah¿°p \∑-sNbvXp

F¶n¬ Ahs\ A\p-{K-ln-t°-Wta' (apkvenw).

KXn-ap-́ n-b-h≥ {]m¿Yn-°p-tºmƒ DØcw \¬Ip-Ibpw t¢iw

Zqco-I-cn-°p-Ibpw \nßsf ̀ qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-I-fm-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xm-cmWv? A√m-lp-hn-t\m-sSm∏w a‰p h√ ssZh-hp-

apt≠m? \nßƒ hf-sc-°p-d®v am{Xta D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-°p-

∂p-≈p. (27:63)

A√mlphns‚ ̀ cWm[nImcw ̀ uXnIamb cmPm[nImcØn¬

\n∂v tIhew hyXykvXambn´p≈XmIp∂p. Ah\mIs´

kakvX {]]©tØbpw H°∏msS \in∏n°p∂Xn\pw

ho≠pw ]pXpXmbn krjvSn k©bßsf DXv`hn∏n

°p∂Xn\pw Ignhp≈ I¿Ømhs{X. Ah≥ Cßs\

k¿Δi‡\mb {kjvSmh√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ Ah\p

A\ymbhpw A{Iahpw sIm≠√msX Xs‚ `cWw

\SØphm≥ Ignbpambncp∂n√. F¥psIms≠∂m¬

]pXpXmbn krjvSn°phm≥ Ignh‰h\msW∂phcpIn¬

krjvSn temIØn\v Hcn°¬ tamN\hpw apIvXnbpw \¬Inb

Xn\ptijw B BZy kqjvSnsbXs∂ ho≠pw PU

temItØ°v Abt°≠Xn\p Ahcn¬\n∂p A\ymbamb

\nebn¬ AhcpsS apIvXn Xncns®Sp°phm≥ Ah≥

\n¿_‘nX\mbXocp∂Xmbncn°p.

(CkvemwaX XØz⁄m\w)

ssZhØns‚ cmPXzw


sabv 2011kXyZqX≥4

bpK

i_

vZw

lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

ssZhw :k¿ssh-I-Zm-Xmhv

GsX-¶nepw Hcp {]tXy-I-h¿K-°m-

cntem cmPy-°m-cntem am{Xsa {]hm-

N-I-∑m¿ Ah-X-cn-°-bp≠mbn´p≈q

F∂ hnizmkw A_-≤-am-sW∂p

ssZhw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]e

ÿe-ß-fn-embn ]d-™p-X-∂n-cn-°p-

∂p. - A-h≥ Bflo-bm -\p - {Klw

\¬Ip∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ bmsXmcp

h¿K-°m-scbpw hnkva-cn-®p-I-f-™n-ń-

√. Cu ]c-am¿Yw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬

]e ÿe-ß-fn¬ kμ¿t`m-Nn-X-ß-

fmb DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°-

s∏-ń-´p-≠v. k¿ssh-I- Zm-Xm-hmb

ssZhw F√m cmPy -°m¿°pw

AhcpsS ùXn -Im -h -iy -ßƒ°p

th≠ k¿hhpw kw`-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-

°p∂ {]Imcw Xs∂, F√m cmPy-°m-

cp-sSbpw F√m h¿K-°m-cp-sSbpw

Bfl-]-cn-N-c-W-Øn\p Bh-iy--amb

G¿∏m-Sp-Ifpw Ah≥ sNbvXp t]m∂n-

´p-≠v. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ Hcn-SØp Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂p:

""Hcp D]-tZ-jvSmhv h∂pIgn-™n-

ń-√mØ Hcp kap-Zm-bhpw C√''. (35:25)

BI-bm¬, \msa -√m -hcpw

Ahiyw hniz-kn-t°-≠p∂ kI-e-k-

ºq¿W\pw kXy -kz -cq -] -\p -amb

ssZhw k¿h-tem -I -ß-fp -sSbpw

{kjvSmhpw ]me-I-\p-am-sW-∂Xv Ahn-

X¿°n-X-am-Wv. Ahs‚ Ir]m-]-cn-]m-

e\w GsX-¶nepw {]tXyI PmXnt°m

{]tXyI h¿KØnt\m {]tXyI cmPy-

Ønt\m ]cn-an-X-am-b-X-√. Ah≥

F√m h¿K-°m-cp-sSbpw F√m Ime-

Øp-≈-h-cp-sSbpw F√m cmPy-°m-cp-

sSbpw c£n-Xmhpw ]me-I-\p-am-Ip-∂p.

kIe A\p-{K-l-ß-fp-sSbpw \ne-b-\-

hpw ùXn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb

k¿h-i-‡n-I-fp-sSbpw DZv`h-ÿm-

\hpw Ah-\-s{X. Ah≥ Xs∂-bmWv

AJne krjvSn-I-sfbpw t\m°n c£n-

°p-∂-Xv. F√m hkvXp°fpw Ah-¶¬

Xs∂-bmWv B{i-bn®p \n¬°p-

∂Xpw. Ahs‚ A\p-{Klw Cßs\

k¿h-hym-]-I-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Ahs‚

Ir]m-]-cn-]m-e-\sØ kw_-‘n®v Hcp

Iq´¿°pw Bhem-Xn-s∏-Sm≥ Ah-k-

c-an-√m-Xn-c-n°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-Ø-s∂-bm-

Ip-∂p. ssZhw Ahs‚ A\p-{Klw

a‰p-≈-h¿°-√msX Xßƒ°p \¬In-

bn -s√-t∂m, ssZh-Øn-¶¬ \n∂p

am¿K Z¿i-\-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ CXc∑m¿°-

√msX Xßƒ°v e`n -®n -s√-t∂m,

ssZhw Xs‚ hN-\hpw shfn-]mSpw

ZrjvSm-¥hpw aptJ\ Ign™ Nne

Ime-ß-fn-e-√msX Xß-fpsS ImeØv

{]Xy£-\m-bn-s√t∂m Hcp Iq´¿°pw

]d-bm≥ CSw sImSp-Øn-√. Aß-s\,

B k¿h-h-√-`≥ Xs‚ ùXn-Ihpw

Bflo-b-hp-amb A\p-{K-l-ß-fn¬

\n∂v GsX-¶nepw Hcp kap-Zm-b-

sØtbm Hcp Ime-sØtbm Hgn-hm-

°msX Xs‚ Ir]m-hn-X-cWw k¿h-

hym-]Ihpw \nXy-hp-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Cßs\, ssZh-Øns‚ A\p-{Klw

\n o-ahpw k¿h-hym-]-I-hpw Bbn-cn-

°p-tºmƒ, Ahs‚ Znhy-Kp-W-ßsf

\mw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]I¿Øp-

Ibpw AX\pkcn®v \ΩpsS kz`m-h-

ßsf {Ia-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNtø-≠-

Xm-h-iy-am-Ip-∂p. A√tbm, \m´p-Im-c-

\mb ktlm-Zcm! Cu hnim-e-\n-e-bn-

ep≈ am\-hkw-kvIm-c-Øn-te°p

\nßsf £Wn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-´m-Wv,

""ssa{Xo ktμiw'' F∂p Rm≥ \mam-

`n-[m\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ Cu A`y¿Y-

\sb \nß-fpsS apºmsI ka¿∏n-°p-

∂-Xv. kvt\l-]q¿h-I-amb Cu £W-

Øns‚ ]n∂n¬ F\n°v kzm¿Y-]-c-

amb h√ Dt± -iyhpw D≈-Xmbn

\nßƒ hnNm-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p

k¿h-i-‡-\mb ssZhw Xs∂ \nß-

fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ kXyw shfn-s∏-

Sp-am-dm-°p-Ibpw \nß-fpsS t£am-`n-

hr-≤n-°mbns°m≠p Fs‚ lrZ-b-

Øn¬ IpSn-sIm-≈p∂ B B{K-l-

Øns‚ cl-kyhpw Fs‚ Bflm¿

YXbpw Ah≥Xs∂ \nßƒ°v

t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cn-Ibpw sNøs´

F∂v Rm≥ D≈-gn™p {]m¿Yn-°p-

∂p.

(dqlm\oJkmC≥)

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥5

IqSn-bm-tem-N-\bpw {]t£m`hpwP\m-[n-]Xyw F∂Xv A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn-s‚bpw s]mcp-Ø-s∏-S-en-s‚bpw cmjv{Sob am¿K-am-Wv. Hcp `c-W-coXn F∂-Xn-ep-]cn B[p-\nI a\p-jys‚ ùXnI˛kmaq-ln-I-˛cmjv{Sob afi-esØ kw_-‘n®Hcp Pohn-X-ho-£Whpw [m¿anI \ne-]m-Sp-amWv P\m-[n-]Xyw. \nc-h[n Ncn-{Xm-\p-`-h-ß-fn-eqsS a\pjy-

k-aqlw B¿Pn-s®-SpØ P\m-[n-]Xy{Ia-Øn¬ CkvemanI aqey-ßfpsS {]Xn-^-e\w ImWmw. IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-bmWv P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ apJ-ap-{Z. hncp-≤-ho-£-W-ß-sfbpw A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ß-sfbpwka-\z-bn-∏n-°m≥ P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ Hmtcm Nph-Spsh∏nepw thZn-I-fp-≠v. N¿®Ifn-eq-sSbpw IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I-fn-eq-sSbpw k{Inb kwhm-Z-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw kwL¿j-c-ln-X-ambn A`n-{]m-b-k-a-\z-b-Øn-se-

Øm≥ P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ km[n-°p∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ Hcp kph¿W XØz-amWv ChnsS km£m-Xv°-cn-°s∏Sp-∂-Xv.

"Xß-fpsS Imcy-ßƒ ]c-kv]cwIqSn-bm-tem-Nn®v Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw \mw Ah¿°v \¬In-b-Xn¬\n∂v sNe-h-gn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hcpw (42:32). "AXn-\m¬ Ah¿°v \o s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-IbpwAh¿°mbn ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-\mbn {]m¿Yn-°p-Ibpw {][m-\-Im-cy-ßƒ Ah-cp-ambnIqSn-bm-tem-Nn-

°pIbpw sNøpI' (3:160).

P\-ß-fpsS t£a-Øn\v hncp-≤-ambn \nev°p∂ Kh¨sa‚p-Isf Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-eqsS am‰m-\p≈

Ah-k-chpw ]uc-∑m¿°v P\m-[n-]Xyw Dd∏v \¬Ip∂p. ]cm-Xn-Ifpw X¿°-ßfpw \oXn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Xo¿∏m°m-\p≈ kzX-{¥-amb \oXn-\ymb hyh-ÿbpw P\m-[n-]Xy ̀ c-W-k-{º-Zm-b-Øns‚Ahn`mPy-L-S-I-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v P\m-[n-]Xy hyhÿbn¬ hn\m-i-I-c-amb {]t£m-̀ --ßƒ°v ÿm\-an-√.

{]t£m-̀ -hpw c‡-cq£n-X-amb Iem-]-ßfpw hnπ-hhpw kz¥w {]Xy-b-im-kv{X-Øns‚ Ahn-̀ mPyLS-

I-ß-fmbn kzoI-cn® cmjv{Sob I£n-I-fmWv P\m-[n-]-Xy-k-{º-Zm-bsØ kwL¿j-`-cn-X-hpw hn-Iehp-am-°n-Øo¿°p-∂Xv. P\m-[n-]Xyw Ah¿°p IqSn Bib {]Nm-cW kzmX{¥yw \¬Ip∂p. \ne-hn-ep≈ cmjv{Sob hyh-ÿ-bn¬ hnizm-k-an-√m-Ø- Ah¿ AXns\ XI¿°m≥ {ian-°p-∂p. IqSn-bm-tem-N-\°pw A\p-c-RvP-\Øn\pw {ian-°p-∂Xv Iog-S-ßepw _e-lo-\-XbpamsW∂mWv Ah-cpsS ]£w.

Cu {]t£m-`-cmjv{So-b-amWv temIw ap-gp-h-\p-ap≈ aX-cm-jv{Sob I£n-Isfbpw atX-X-c-I-£n-Isfbpwkzm[o-\n-°p-∂Xv. {]t£m-`-Im-cn-Iƒ Im‰v hnX®v sImSp-¶m‰v sImøp-IbmWvv. At\-Im-bncw a\p-jyscsIms∂m-Sp°n t\Snb hnπ-h-Im-cn-I-fpsS cmjv{Sob hyh-ÿ-Iƒ Akzm-X-{¥yhpw ISpØ tkzOm[n-]-Xy-hp-amWv temI-Øn\v kΩm-\n-®-Xv. Ah-km\w AXv Nn√p-sIm-´mcw t]mse XI-¿∂Snbp-∂Xpw

\mw I≠p.

Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc {]Xn-tj-[hpw {]IS\-ßfpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ A\p-h-Z\o-b-am-Wv. ]t£ hn\m-i-I-c-amb {]t£m-`w ]ptcm-K-Xn-sbbpw hnI-k-\-sØbpw apc-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw hn`-h-ßƒ \in-∏n-°p-IbpwsNøp-∂p. Ahn-I-kn-X, hnI-kzc cmPy-ß-fnse FIm-[n-]Xy `c-W-{I-a-ß-fn-emWv IqSn-bm-tem-N-\°v]Icw {]Xn-]£w {]t£m-̀ --Øns‚ am¿Kw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ ss\XnI XØzßsf∏‰n

Ah¿ t_m[-hm-∑m-c-√. IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-°p≈ k∂-≤-X-bn-√m-bva-bmWv aq∂m-w tem-I-ß-fnse Zmcn-{Z-yØn\pw hnI-k\ apc-Sn-∏n\pw Imc-Ww. Iayq-WnÃv cmjv{Sßfnepw aX-Iob `c-W-Iq-S-ß-fnepamWvhntbmPn∏pIsf s]mdp∏n°mØXv. a\pjykzmX{¥yw Xßfpambn tbm-Pn-°p-∂-h¿°v am{Xsa A\p-h-Zn°q F∂mWv Ah-cpsS \ne-]m-Sv.

A`n-{]m-b-hn-tb-mPn-∏p-Isfbpw hncp-≤-ho-£-W-ß-sfbpw ka-\z-bn-∏n-°m≥ aXw F∂-\n-e°v

Ckvemapw `c-W-k-{º-Zmbw F∂ \ne°v P\m-[n-]-Xyhpw Hcp t]mse aptºm´p sh°p-∂-"IqSnbmtemN\' a\p-jys‚ kmaq-lnI cmjv{Sob Pohn-XsØ t£a-I-c-am-°n-Øo¿°p-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠v GXv GIm-[n-]Xy tkzOm-[n-]Xy `c-WIq-S-ß-fpsS Iognepw hntbm-Pn-∏ns‚ taJ-e-I-fn¬ IqSn-bm-tem-N\ F∂ A\pKrloX am¿Kw \nc-¥cw Bcm-tb-≠-Xp≠v. hyh-ÿsb A]-I-S-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ {]t£m-

`--Øns‚ am¿Kw Hcn-°epw kam-[m-\hpw Zo¿L-Im-e-t£-ahpw sIm≠phcn√. {]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\vhyh-ÿ-°p-≈n¬ Xs∂ kulr-Z-]q¿W-amb IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-Iƒ°p≈ Ah-k-c-ßƒ Is≠Øn ]cn-lmcw tXSp-I-bm-Wv {]Xn-]-£-Øns‚ cmjv{Sob [¿aw. apkvenw \mSp-I-fnse {]iv\-ß-fn¬ IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-bpsS Ckvem-anI am¿Kw Ah-ew-_n-°m≥ AlvaZnøm Jeo^ \n¿tZ-in-®Xpw AXv sIm≠m-Wv.

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥6

JpX

zv_ k

w{K

lw

lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (AøZlp)

Jeo^Øp¬ akolv

`c-W-Iq-S-ß-ƒs°Xnscbp≈ {]t£m-`-ßƒ

(1˛04˛2011 \v Jeo^Øp¬

akolv ss_Øp¬ ^pXqln¬

(e≠≥)sh®v \n¿hln® PpapA

JpXzv-_-bp-sS- kw-{Klw.)

apkvenw \mSp-I-fnse `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-

Iƒ Ah-cpsS IS-a-Iƒ th≠-hn[w

\nd-th-t‰-≠-Xp≠v F∂ ktμiw

Ah-cpsS khn-[-Øn-se-Øn-°m≥

Rm≥ AlvaZn-I-tfmSv A`y¿Yn-®n-cp-

∂p. Ah¿°v Cu IrXyw \n¿h-ln-

°m≥ ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v

{]m¿Y-\-bn¬ ]q¿hm-[nIw apgp-In-

s°m≠v apkvenw ̀ c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ°v

k¬_p-≤n-bp-Zn -°m≥ A√m-lp-hn-

t\mSv tIWt]£n°pI.

`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-sf-t]mse Xs∂

s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ°pw hfsctbsd

DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßƒ C°m-cy-Øn-ep-≠v.

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ AlvaZn-Iƒ°v

as‰mcp ktμiw IqSn \¬Im≥

Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Xo{h-hmZw

H∂n\pw ]cn-lm-c-a-s√∂pw G‰hpw

i‡-amb Bbp[w ZpB BsW∂pw

s]mXp-P-\-ßsf t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.

AlvaZn-Iƒ s]mXpsh im¥-io-e-cm-

Wv. F∂m¬ A{I-an-I-fmb `c-Wm-[n-

Im-cn-Iƒs°-Xnsc F{X-Imew hsc

Xßƒ £a ssIs°m-≈Ww F∂v

Nne¿ Bi-¶-s∏-Sp-∂p. A{I-an-I-fmb

`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-tfmSv AlvaZn-Iƒ

F¥v \ne-]m-SmWv ssI s°m-t≈-≠Xv

F∂-h¿ tNmZn-°p-∂p. Ah-tcm-Sp≈

{]Xn-tj-[-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp -°mtam

F∂pw tNmZn-°p-∂p. Ad_v \mSp-I-

fnse Cu {]t£m-`sØ kw_-‘n®v

hy‡-amb \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ Ad-_nIv

UkvIns‚ Npa -Xe hln -°p∂

P\m_v lm\o Xzmln¿ km-ln-_n-t\mSv

Rm≥ kpZo¿L-ambn kwkwkm-cn®v

hy‡-am -°n -bn´p -≠v . `c -W-Iq -S -

ßƒ°pw s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ°pw D≠m-

th≠ \∑-Xn-∑-Iƒ GXv coXn-bn-emWv

\mw ImtW-≠-sX∂v Rm≥ At±-l-

tØmSp ]d-™n-cp-∂p. ]t£ Nne

IØp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw AlvaZn-Iƒ°v

kwibw _m°n-\n¬°p-∂-Xmbn Adn-

bm≥ Ign-bp-∂p.

AlvaZnøm ho£-W-Øns‚ ASn-

ÿm\w hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw Xncp-N-

cy -Ifpw lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zn(A)s‚ D]-tZ-i-ß-fp-am-Wv. auen-I-

ambn hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ C°m-cy-

Øn¬ \¬Ip∂ ]mT-sa-¥m-sW∂v

\mw a\- n-em-°-Ww. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-

bp∂p: "\m\m-Xcw \oN-{]-h¿Øn-

tbbpw \njn-≤-I¿a-tØbpw \nb-a-ew-

L-\-tØbpw Ah≥ hne-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p (16:91)

Cu Bb-Øn¬ "_Kvbv' F∂ ]Z-

Øns‚ hni-Zo-I-cWw am{X-amWv

Rm≥ \¬Im-\p-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-Im-

i-ß-fnepw IS-a-I-fnepw Ipdhpw Aan-

X-Xzhpw ImWn-°p-∂-Xn -s\-bmWv

"_Kvbv' F∂p ]d-bp-I. `c-Wm-[n-Im-

cnbpw s]mXp-P-\hpw Xß-fpsS IS-a-

I-sf°p-dn®pw Ah-Im-i-ß-sf-°p-

dn®pw AanX-Xztam Ipdthm ImWn-°-

cp-Xv. Cu Iev]-\-s°-Xn-cn¬ {]h¿Øn-

°p-∂-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ Iev]-\-s°-

Xn-cn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw.

C°m-eØv `c-W-Iq-S-ßƒs°-

Xnsc Xo{h-ambn {]Xn-I-cn-°m≥ P\-

ßƒ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Cu {]h-W-

Xsb kw_-‘n-®mWv Rm\nXv ]d-bm-

\m-{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv. ̀ c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS

sX‰mb \ne-]m-Sp-I-fp-am-bn-´p-IqSn

s]mXp-P-\-ß-tfmSpw apAvan\o-ß-

tfmSpw £a ssIs°m-≈m-\mWv lZo-

kp-I-fn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn -°p-∂-Xv.

_pJm-cn-bn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp lZokv

C{] -Im -c -am -Wv . "Xncp -\ -_n( -k)A≥km-dp-I-tfmSv C{]-Imcw ]d™p:F\n°v tijw \nßƒ CjvS-an-√mØ]e {]h¿Øn-Ifpw ImWp-∂-Xm-Wv.A_vZp-√mlv_v\p sskZv_n≥ Ban¿(d) ]d-bp∂p: "Xncp-\-_n(-k) A≥km-dp-I-tfmSv C{]-Imcw IqSn ]d-™p."lufn¬ Iuk-dn'¬ Fs∂I≠pap´p-∂Xv hsc C°m-cy-Øn¬\nßƒ £a ssIs°m-≈p -I.'sskZv_v\p hl_v ]d-bp∂p: "Rm≥A_vZp-√mln_v\p akv-DuZv (d) ]d-bp-∂-Xmbn tI´p: "\_n(-k) Rß-tfmSv ]d™p: \nß-fpsS Ah-Imiw[zwkn-®p-sIm≠v a‰p-≈-h¿°v ]cn-K-W\ \¬Ip-∂-Xmbn F\n°v tijw\nßƒ ImWp-∂-Xm-Wv. \nßƒ°vCjvS-a-√mØ ]e Imcy-ßfpw \nßƒImWpw. CXv tI v́ A\p-N-c-∑m¿ tNmZn-®p. "bm, dkq-ep-√mlv, B kμ¿`-Øn¬ Rßƒ F¥mWv sNtø-≠Xv?' Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d™p: A°m-esØ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-tfm-Sp≈ IS-a-Iƒ \nßƒ \nd-th‰p-I. \nß-fpsS

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥7

Ah-Im-i-ßƒ A√m-lp -hn -t\mSvtNmZn -°pI: (_p-Jm-cn). C_v\pA∫mkv (d) \nth-Z\w sNbvXas‰mcp lZo-kn¬ Xncp-\-_n(-k)]d™p: "Xs‚ Aao-dns‚ GsX-¶nepw {]hrØn B¿s°-¶nepw A\n-jvS-I-c-ambn tXm∂n-bm¬ Abmƒ£a ssIs°m-≈-s´. ImcWw Aao-dns‚ A\p-k-c-W-hr-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂vHcp Nm¨ AI-∂-h≥ Pmln-en-ø-Øns‚ ac-W-am-bn-cn°pw hcn-°p-I.DsskZv_v\p kpss_¿ (d) \nth-Z\wsNbvX lZo-kn¬ ]d™p. ""bm dkq-ep-√mlv Xm¶ƒ C∂-bmsf `c-Wm-[n-Im -cn -bmbn \n›-bn -®n -cn -°p -∂p.F\n°v `cWw \¬In-bn-√''. Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]d-™p. ""a‰p-≈-h¿°v \nß-tf-°mƒ ap≥K-W\ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn \nßƒ ImWp-∂-XmWv. Jnbm-aØv \mfn¬ Fs∂ I≠v ap´p-∂Xvhsc \nßƒ £a ssIs°m-≈p-I''.

k¬am-\p_v\p bkoZv A≥Pm^ndkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-tbmSv tNmZn-®p."bm dkq-ep-√mlv, Rß-fn¬ \n∂vAh-Im-i-ßƒ tNmZn®p hmßp-IbpwF∂n´v Rß-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ßƒ\¬ImXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂ Hcp ̀ c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bmWv Rßƒ°p-≈-sX-¶n¬ Rßƒ F¥v sNø-W-sa-∂mWvAß-bpsS Iev]-\? Cu tNmZyw tI v́dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k) tNmZy-I¿Øm-hn¬ \n∂pw apJw Xncn-®p. At±lwtNmZyw ho≠pw Bh¿Øn-®p. Xncp-\-_n( -k) ho≠pw apJw Xncn -®p.At±lw aq∂mw {]mhiyw tNmZn-®p.CXv I≠-t∏mƒ A∫m-kn_v\pssJkv At±-lsØ ]pd-tIm´v hen-®p. (Xn-cp-\-_n°v Cu tNmZyw CjvS-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xn-\m¬ an≠m-Xn-cn -°m≥At±-l-tØmSv BwKyw ImWn-®p)At∏mƒ Xncp-\-_n(-k) Acp-fn. "Aß-s\-bp≈ Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬ \nß-fpsS`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS hm°p-Iƒ tIƒ°p-Ibpw Ahsc A\p-k-cn-°p-IbpwsNøpI. Ah-cn¬ A¿∏n-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn -Xz -sØ-°p-dn®vAh¿ tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. \nß-fn¬ A¿∏n-X-amb DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v \nßfpw tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.'

Ppss\Zv_v\p Da-øm(-d)-bn¬ \n∂v\nth-Z\w: D_m-Zv_v\p km_nØv (d)]d-™p: "Rßƒ Xncp-\-_n-bpsSssIbn¬ ss_AØv sNbvXp.

kt¥m-j-Ønepw ZpxJ-Ønepw IjvS-∏m-Snepw Bizm-k-Ønepw Ah-Im-i-[zw-k\w \S-∂mepw Rßƒ tIƒ°p-Ibpw A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpwF∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Rßƒ ss_AØvsNbvXp. Bcv ̀ c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bmepwAh-tcmSv Rßƒ X¿°n-°n-√ F∂pwRß-fn¬ \n∂v Icm¿ hmßn. Ah¿{]tXy-I-ambn Ip^vdv sNøp-∂Xv\nßƒ ImWp-Ibpw AXn -\p≈kv]jvS-amb sXfnhv \nß-fpsS hiwDs≠-¶nepw HgnsI' HSp-hn¬ ]d™

lZokv Aev]w hni-Zo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp-

≠v. ke-̂ n-I-fpw hlvlm-_n-Ifpw Nne

Xo{h-hm-Z kwL-S-\-Ifpw ̀ c-Wm-[n-Im-

cn-bn¬ \n∂pw hy‡amb Ip v̂dv {]I-

S -ambn ImWp -∂Xv hsc £a

ssIs°m-≈m≥ ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬

`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bn¬ \n∂v Ip^v¿ {]I-

S-am-bn-°-gn-™m¬ AXn¬ \n∂v At±-

lsØ tamNn-∏n-t°-≠-Xpw At±-l-

Øn¬ \n∂v A[n-Imcw ]nSn-s®-Sp-

°m≥ t]mcm-tS-≠Xpw \n¿_-‘-am-

sW∂pw Nne ]fin-X-∑mcpw Xo{h-hm-

Zn-Ifpw Cu lZo-kns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. "\mw Im^n-dm-°n-b-

hs\ Im^n-dm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m-Ø-

h\pw Im^n-dmWv' F∂mWv Ah-cpsS

]£w. {]I-S-ambn Ip v̂dv sNøp-Itbm

sNøm≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-

h-scm-gn-sI-bp≈ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Isf

A\p-k-cn-°pI F∂-XmWv Cu lZo-

kns‚ Xmev]-cyw. {]I-S-ambn Ip^v¿

sNbvXm¬ t]mepw \nb-a-ew-L-\-

Øn\v A\p-a-Xn-bn-√. AlvaZn-I-fpsS

DZm-l-cWw t\m°q. ]mIn-kvXm-\n¬

AlvaZn -I-tfmSv apkvenam -sW∂v

kzbw ]d-bm≥ ]mSn√ F∂pw Iena

sNm√m -\pw ]c -kv]cw kemw

]dbm\pw Jp¿ -B≥ ]mcm -bWw

sNøm\pw ]mSn√ F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.

]t£ CsX√mw aX-]-c-amb Imcy-am-

b-XvsIm≠v lZo -kn¬ ]d-™Xv

{]Imcw A\p-k-cn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-

√. F∂mepw ChnsS "_Km-hØv'

sNøm-dn-√. AXv cmPy-t{Zm-l-am-b-Xn-

\m¬ Rßƒ AXv sNøm-dn-√. Camw

\hhn-bpsS A`n-{]mbw CXmWv. CXv

Xs∂-bm-Wv AlvaZn-I-fp-sSbpw A`n-

{]m-bw. hy‡-amb Ip^vdv shfn-s∏-´m-

e-√msX `c-W-Iq-S-Øn\v Iogn¬ \n∂v

sIm≠v `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-tbmSv \nßƒ

t]mcm-Sp-Itbm Ahsc Bt£-]n-°p-

Itbm Acp-Xv. Jp¿-B\pw lZokpw

CXn\v km£yw \ne v°p -∂p.

hy‡hpw sXfn-bn-°-s∏-´-Xp-amb

Ip^vdv I≠m¬ A°m-cy-Øn¬ Ah-

tcmSv {]Xn-tj[w Adn-bn-°p-I. kXyw

[oc-ambn Xpd-∂p-]-d-bp-I. \nb-a-ew-L-

\hpw t]mcm-´hpw Acp-Xv. `c-Wm-[n-

Im-cn-Iƒ {Iqc-cpw Xn∑ \nd-™-h-cm-

bmepw icn.

A{I-an-bmb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-s°-

Xnsc t]m epw t]mcm-´hpw A{I-a-{]-

t£m-`-hpw \S-ØcpsX∂v Alvep

p∂-Øns‚ sFI-I-WvtTy-\-bp≈

Xocp-am-\-am-Wv. Aßs\ sN bvXm¬

AØcw tkz—m-[n-]-Xn-Iƒ \ne-\n-

ev°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ henb c‡-s®m-

cn-®n-ep-Ifpw A{I-a-W-ßfpw XpS¿∂p-

≠m-hpw. kao-]-Im-e-kw-`-h-ßƒ CXv

icn-bm-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂p.

_pJm-cn -bnse Hcp lZo-kn¬

I∏¬ bm{X-°m-cpsS DZm-l-cWw

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k) hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v.

I∏¬ bm{Xn-I-cn¬ XmgsØ \ne-bn-

ep-≈-h¿ sh≈-sa-Sp-°m≥ th≠n

apI-fn-esØ \ne-bn-te°v hcp-am-bn-

cp-∂p. AXv apI-fnse bm{X-°m¿°v

{]bm-k-ap -≠m-°n. CXv ImcWw

XmgsØ bm{X-°m-cn-sem-cmƒ Hcp agp-

sh-SpØv I∏-en-\-Snbn¬ Hcp Zzmc-ap-

≠m-°m≥ {ian®p. At±lw ]d-™Xv

apI-fn-te°v hcp-tºmƒ AXv apIƒX-

´p -Im¿°v {]bm-k-ap -≠m-°p∂p.

Rßƒ°m-Is´ sh≈hpw thWw

AXp-sIm-≠mWv Rm≥ Zzmc-ap-≠m-°p-

∂-Xv F∂mWv. apI-fnse bm{X-°m¿

Cbmsf XS-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ F√m-

hcpw c£-s∏-Spw. C\n XS-bp-∂n-s√-

¶n¬ Zzmc-ap-≠m-°p-∂-bmfpw as‰-√m-

hcpw \in-s®m-Sp-ßpw. Cu lZo-kns‚

Xmev] -cy - {] -Imcw Ipg -∏ -°msc

Kh¨sa≥dn\v XS-bm-sa-∂m-Wv.

A_q kCuZp¬ JpZvcn (d) \nth-Z\w sNbvX lZo-kn¬ "\nßƒ Bsc-¶nepw A\n-jvS-I-c-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p-I -bm -sW-¶n¬ AXns\ \ns‚ssIsIm≠v XS-bp-I. AXn\pw Ign-bn-s√-¶n¬ \mhp-sIm≠v XS-bp-I.AXn\pw Ign -bn -s√-¶n¬ lrZbwsIm≠v shdp-°p-I. CXv G‰hpw _e-lo-\-amb hnizm-k-am-Wv. Camw ap√m

Aen-øp¬ Jmcn-bpsS A`n-{]m-b-{]-

Imcw A\n-jvS-I-c-amb {]hrØn

ssIsIm≠v XS-bWw F∂v ]d™Xv

`c-Wm-[n -Im -cn -I -tfmSmWv. \mhp

sIm≠v XS-tb-≠-h¿ ]fin-X-∑m-cm-

Wv. lrZ-b-Øn¬ AXns\ shdp-t°-

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥7

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥8

lZvdØv Da-dns‚ `cWw hcm≥ IrkvXym-\n-Iƒ

B{K-ln -®n -cp -∂Xv \oXn -\n¿hl-W-Øn-ep≈

hnizmkw sIm≠m-Wv. Ct∏mƒ apkvenw `c-Wm-[n-

Im-cn-Iƒs°-Xn-sc-bmWv apkvenwIƒ \oXn°v bmNn-

®p-sIm≠v t]mcm-Sp-∂-Xv.

≠Xv s]mXp-P-\-ß-fm-Wv. CXv Xs∂-

bmWv \ΩpsS A`n-{]m-b-hpw. hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-ambpw ]d-bp-∂Xv

"A√mlp Ipg∏w CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂n√'

F∂m-Wv.

Jp¿-B-\n-ep≈ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS

Ncn-{Xhpw CXv Xs∂-bm-Wv shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. GsX-¶nepw Hcp {]hm-N-

I≥ \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ ̀ c-Wm-[n-Im-

cn-Iƒs°-Xnsc ùXn-I-Im-cy-ßƒ°v

th≠n \nb-a-ew-L-\tam hn[zw-kI-{]-

h¿Ø-\tam \S-Øn-b-Xmbn sXfn-bn-

°m-\m-Ip-tam? Ah¿ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-

Iƒ°v apºn¬ Xß-fpsS Bi-b-ßƒ

Xpd∂v ]d -bp -I -bm -Wp -≠m -b -X v .

lZvdØv bqkp^v \_n (A)sb DZm-

l-c-Wamsb-Sp-°p-I. CuPn-]vXnse

cmPm-hns‚ Iym_n-\-‰n¬ Hcp a{¥n-bm-

bn-cp∂p At±-lw. cmPm-hn\v bqkp^v

\_n(-A)bpsS t\¿t°m bqkp^v

\_n(-A)°v cmPm-hn\v t\sctbm Hcp

Ahn-izm-khpw I]-S-\-bhpw D≠m-bn-

cp-∂n√.

kcn°pI' (4:60). ChnsS A√m-lp-hn-

t\m-Spw dkq-en-t\m-Sp-sam∏w "Dep¬

Awdn's\ A\p-kcn°pI F∂v ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn¬ Kh¨sa≥dv

Dƒs∏-ńń√ F∂m-sc-¶nepw ]d-™n-

´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv Ah-cpsS A⁄-X-

bm -Wv . \sΩ FXn¿°m-Ø-h¿

\Ωn¬s∏-´ -h¿ Xs∂-bm -Wv .

Kh¨sa‚ns\ A\p -k-cn -°m≥

Xs∂-bmWv Cu hN-\-Øns‚ Xmev]-

cy-sa∂v Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂pw hy‡-

am-hp-∂p. `c-Wm-[n-Imcn A{I-an-bm-

sW-¶n¬ t]mepw At±-lsØ A[n-

t£-]n®p \S-°p-∂Xv icn-b-√. \∑-I-

fpsS amXr-I-I-fmbn F√mw ssZh-

Øn¬ \mw `c-ta¬∏n-°p-I. \nb-a-ew-

L\w bmsXm-c-h-k-c-Ønepw Acp-Xv.

Den≥ Awdn an≥Ipw (\n-ß-fn¬

\n∂p≈ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ) sIm≠v

apkvenw ̀ c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ F∂v am{X-

a -√. CtX°pdn®v Jeo -^-Øp¬

akolv km\n (d) C{]-Imcw hni-Zo-

I-cn-°p-∂p.

A¿Yw \¬Ip-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \Du-Zp-

_n-√mlv dkq-en\v Ip^v^m-dp-I-fpsS

AtX aX-hn-izmkw D≠m-bn-cp∂p

F∂v Icp-tX≠n hcpw. AXn-\m¬

"an≥Ipw' F∂Xv Htc aX-hn-izm-k-ap-

≈-hsc am{Xw Dt±-in®p ]d-™-Xm-

bn-cn-°-W-a-∂n-√. CXv a‰¿Y-ß-fnepw

D]-tbm-Kn -°-s∏-Sp -∂p-≠v. ChnsS

CXns‚ A¿Yw "\nß-fpsS \mńse

`c-Wm-[n-Imcn' F∂m-Wv. \mń-\p-]p-d-

Øp≈ a‰p `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Isf A\p-

k-cn-°m-\√ ]d-™Xv. \nß-fpsS

`cWm-[n-Im-cn-Isf A\p-k-cn-°pI

F∂m-Wv.'

"h√ Imcy-Ønepw A`n-{]m-b-`n-

∂X h∂m¬ A√m-lp-hns‚bpw

Ahs‚ dkq-en-s‚bpw Iev]-\-I-fn-

te°v aS-ßpI' F∂ Jp¿-Bs‚

Iev]-\-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ `c-W-

IqSw sX‰p-Iƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-sh-

¶n¬ P\-ßƒ AXv Ahsc DW¿Øp-

I. Ah¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬

Imcy-ßƒ A√m-lp-hn-te°v hnSp-I.

Ah≥ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-Ibpw A{I-

ansb \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. lZvdØv

bqkp^n (A)s‚ Imcy-Øn¬ hy‡-

am-Ip-∂Xv ̀ c-Wm-[n-Imcn Im^n-dm-sW-

¶n¬ Xs∂bpw `c-W-Øn¬ `mK-`m-

°m-Im-sa∂pw Ahsc A\p-k-cn-°m-

sa-∂p-am-Wv.

lZvdØv akolv auDuZv (A) ]d-

bp-∂p. kam-[m-\-`w-K-ap-≠m-°pI,

cmPy-t{Zm-l-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-ØpI

F∂nh sIme-tb-°mƒ amc-I-am-Wv.

"Deq¬ Awdv' F∂Xv sIm≠v Dt±-

in°p∂Xv ̀ uXnIm¿Y-Øn¬ cmPm-°-

∑mcpw Bflo-b-ambn Ime-L-́ -Øns‚

Cam-ap-am-cp-am-Wv. ̀ uXn-I-ambn \ΩpsS

FXn-cm-fn-I-f-√mØ F√m-hcpw Ah¿

aptJ\ aX-]-c-amb t\´w \ap°v e`n-

°p-sa-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah¿ \Ωn¬ s∏ -́

h-cm-Wv.

Hcn-°¬ emtlm¿ bqWnthgvkn-

‰n-bn¬ ka-c-ap-≠m-b-t∏mƒ AXn¬

]s¶-SpØ hnZym¿ Yn-I-tfmSv Cu hn[-

Øn¬ ka-c-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-hp-∂Xv

\ΩpsS A≤ym -] -\ -Øn -s\Xncm -

sW∂pw AXv cmPy-t{Zm-l- {]-h¿Ø-

\-ß-fn¬s∏ -́Xm-sW∂pw Bsc-¶nepw

A{]-Imcw sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ am∏v

]d™v XncnsI tImtf-Pn¬ {]th-in-

°-W-sa-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂p akolv auDu-

Zv (A) s‚ D]-tZiw. Iev]\ A\p-

k-cn® AlvaZo hnZym¿Yn-I-fpsS

Jp¿B≥ ]d-bp∂p: "Cßs\bqkp-^n\v th≠n \mw Hcp X{¥wsa\-™p. Xs‚ ktlm-Z-cs\ Cu ̀ c-W-Øn\v Iogn¬ Xs‚ ASpØv \n¿Øm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. A√mlp Dt±-in-®m-sem-gn-sI.'lZvdØv bqkp^v \_n(-A) Xs‚

ktlm-Z -cs\ XS -™p-sh-°m≥

Afhv]m{Xw k©bn¬ Icp-Xn-°qń

sh°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv ]cn-tim-[\ \S-

Øp-I-bp-am-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Cu kw`-h-

Øn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-hp-∂Xv bqkp v̂

\_n(-A) Im^ndpw apivcn°p-amb

cmPm -hns‚ \nb-a -ßƒ A\p -

kcn°m≥ _m[y-ÿ-\m -bn -cp∂p

F∂mWv. F∂m¬ aX-Im-cy-ß-fn¬

A\pkcn-®n-√.

"hniz-kn-®-h-tc, A√m-lp-hns\A\p-k-cn-°p-I, ZqX-t\bpw \nß-fn¬\n∂p≈ A[n-Im-c-ÿ-tcbpw A\p-

"Nne¿ sX‰mb coXn-bn¬ a\- n-

em-°n-bn-´p-≈Xv CXv apkvenw `c-Wm-

[n-Im-cn-Isf am{Xw A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn-

s\-°p-dn -®m -sW-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ ASn-ÿm-\-XØz-

Øn-s\-Xn-cm-WnXv. ChnsS "an≥Ipw'

F∂ ]Zw Ds≠∂Xv icn -X-s∂.

F∂m¬ ChnsS an≥Ipw F∂Xv

sIm≠v A¿Yam-°p-∂Xv \nß-fpsS

aX-Øn¬s∏´ Bƒ F∂ A¿Y-Øn-

e-√. CXns‚ hnh£ \nß-fn¬ \n∂v

B¿ ̀ cWm-[n-Im-cn-bmbn \nb-an-°-s∏-

ń -cn -°p-∂pthm Ah¿ F∂mWv.

"an≥Ipw' hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ Cu

A¿Y-Øn¬ D]-tbm -Kn -®n -´p -≠v .

Ip^v^m-dp-Isf kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-

sIm≠v A√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬

]d-bp-∂p. "Aew-bAvXoIpw dpk-q

ep≥ an≥Ipw' ChnsS an≥Ipw F∂

]Z-ap-≠v. CXv Htc aX-hn-izmkw F∂v

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥8

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥9

amXrI I≠v a‰p hnZym¿Yn-Ifpw

Aßs\ sNøp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Jeo-

^-Øp¬ akolv c≠mas‚ \n¿tZ-

ihpw CXp Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. `c-Wm-

[n-Im-cn-Iƒ t{ZmlnIfm-sW-¶n¬ P\-

ßƒ £an-°p-I. AXn\v km[y-a-s√-

¶n¬ B \mSp-hn-´p-t]m-Ip-I. A\p-k-

c-W-Øn¬ A√mlphpw dkqepw Ign-

™m¬ "Den¬ Awdv' BZy-ÿm-\Øv

]fin-X-∑mcpw a‰p≈h¿ c≠mw

kvYm\-Øp-am-Wv.

1929 \hw-_-dn¬ Hcp l¿Øm-ep-

≠m-b-t∏mƒ Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv

km\n-(d)tbmSv F¥v \ne-]m-sS-Sp-°-W-

sa∂v tNmZn -® -t∏mƒ ]d -™p:

"l¿Øm-en¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ ]mSn-√.

CXv kw_-‘-ambn h√ tbmK-ßfpw

{]I-S-\-ßfpw kwL-Sn-∏n-®p-s≠-¶n¬

AXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°mw. \nß-fpsS Ah-

Im-i-ßƒ t\Sm≥ ktΩ-f-\-ßƒ \S-

Øp-I, {]I-S-\-ßƒ \S-ØpI F∂-

Xp-h-sc-bmImw. ImcWw Hcp ]cn[n

hsc Kh¨sa‚ v AXn-\p≈ A\p-

hmZw \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬

l¿Ømepw ISI-fS∏n-°epw F√mw

XI¿°p-∂Xpw a‰pw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-√.

Hcmƒ tNmZn®p: "]´-W-ß-fn¬

Alv aZn-I-fpsS IS-Iƒ hfsc Ipd®v

am{X-am-Wp-≈X;v AXv Xpd-∂m¬ A{I-

an-°-s∏-Spw. l¿Øm-ep-Im¿ \n¿_-

‘n®v AS-∏n-°pw'. \n¿_-‘n-®n-́ m-sW-

¶n¬ Aßs\ sNøp-I. CXv t]meo-

kn¬ dnt∏m¿´v sNøpI. t]meokv

kwc-£Ww Xcp-sa-¶n¬ Xpd-°p-I.

As√-¶n¬ Xpd-t°-≠-Xn-√. \nb-a-ew-

L-\w \SØp∂ bmsXm-∂n-t\mSpw

\ap°v tbmPn-°m≥ km[y-a-√. Kh¨

sa‚ v AlvaZn-Iƒs°-Xnsc Xnc-n -

™mepw Rßsf Ipcn-in¬ Xd®v

sIm∂mepw ico-AØv \nb-ahpw

\mńse \nb-ahpw ewLn -°m≥

Rßƒ Xøm-d√.

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

"Ah¿ A[n-Imcw Ic-ÿ-am-°n-°-

gn-™m¬ \mń¬ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°p-

Ibpw Dev]-∂-ß-sfbpw a\p-jy-

k¥Xn-I-sfbpw \in-∏n-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-hm≥ HmSn \S-°p-∂-Xpam-Wv.

F∂m¬ A√mlp Ipg-∏sØ CjvS-

s∏-Sp-∂n-√.'

Dev]-∂-ßsfbpw k¥-Xn-I-sfbpw

\in∏n-°p-∂-h¿ A{I-an-I-fmb ̀ c-Wm-

[n-Im-cn-I-fmWv. AtXm-sSm∏w "^km-

Zns\' AXm-bXv Ipg-∏sØ A√mlp

CjvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂n-√. `c-Wm-

[n-Im-cn-I-ƒ°pw s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ°pw

C°m-cy-Øn¬ am¿K-\n¿tZ-i-ß-fp-≠v.

kaq-l-Øn¬ D≈-h\pw C√m-Ø-

h\pw XΩn-ep≈ AI¬® A[n-I-am-

h-cp-Xv. AXmWv Ipg-∏-Øn\v hgn-a-cp-

∂n-Sp-I. ̀ c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ ]ecpw s]m

Xp-ap-X¬ I´p-ap-Sn-°p-I-bm-Wv. apkvenw

cmPy-ß-fn-emWv Cu {]h-WX IqSp-

X¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. P\-t£-a-I-c-amb

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-ØmsX "^km-

Zn\v' Imc-W-am-Ip∂ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-

fmWv `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ sNøp-∂-Xv.

lZvdØv Da-dns‚ `cWw hcm≥

IrkvXym-\n-Iƒ B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂Xv

\oXn-\n¿hl-W-Øn-ep≈ hnizmkw

sIm≠m-Wv. Ct∏mƒ apkvenw `c-Wm-

[ n - I m - c n - I ƒ s ° - X n - s c - b m W v

apkvenwIƒ \oXn°v bmNn-®p-sIm≠v

t]mcm-Sp-∂-Xv. `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw

s]mXp-P-\-ßfpw Jp¿-Bs‚ XØz-

ßsf a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

AlvaZn -Iƒ Cu Ipg -∏ -ß-fn¬

\ns∂√mw hn´p-\n∂p ZpB sNøpI.

A{I-a-W-ß-fn-eqsS A{Ian ̀ c-Wm-

[n-Im-cnsb hn]m-S\w sNbvXm¬ Xm¬

°m-en-I-ambn kam-[m\w D≠m-tb-

°mw. ]t£ ho≠pw A{I-an-I-fmb

`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ DZbw sNøpw. Hcp

A{Ian t]mbm¬ as‰mcp A{Ian cwK-

{]-thiw sNøpw. A{I-an-I-fmb `c-

Wm-[n-Im-cn -I-fn¬ \n∂v A√mlp

\ap°v tamN\w \¬I-s´. `c-Wm-[n-

Im-cn-Ifpw s]mXp-P-\-ßfpw Ah-cpsS

IS-a-Iƒ \nd-th‰p-∂-h-cmbn Xoc-s´.

hnizkn®htc, A√mlphns\ A\pkcn°pI; (Ahs‚)

ZqXt\bpw \nßfn¬ \n∂p≈ A[nImcÿtcbpw A\pkcn

°pI. ]ns∂ \nßƒ GsX¶nepw ImcyØn¬ At\ym\yw

`n∂n®m¬ AXv A√mlphn¶te°pw (Ahs‚) ZqX¶te°pw

(Xocpam\Øn\mbn) Gev]n°pI. \nßƒ A√mlphnepw

A¥yZn\Ønepw hnizkn°p∂hcmsW¶n¬ AXmWv G‰hpw

DØaambXpw G‰hpw\√ KpW]cy hkmbnbpw.

(hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ 4:60)

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥9

sabv 2011kXyZqX≥10

kam-Z-c-Wob _nj∏v Ah¿Itf Cu

kan-Xn-bpsS P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn, a‰p

_lp-am-\y-cmb AYn-Xn-Itf ktlm-

Zco ktlm-Z-c-∑mtc!

Cu kan-Xn-bpsS cq]o-I-c-W-Øn\v

tijw BZy-ambn £Wn-°-s∏-Sp∂

hy‡n-bmWv Rm≥. CXv aln-X-amb

Hcp _lp-a-Xn-bmbn Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂p.

bmsXmcp XS- -hp-an-√msX kzX-

{¥-ambn \nß-fp-ambn A\p-`-h-ßƒ

]¶p-sh-°mw, DXvI-WvTtbm hnIm-cm-

th-itam IqSmsX ]Iz -X-bm¿∂

kwhm-Z-ß-fn-te¿s∏-Smw, anX-kz-`m-h-

ap≈ km[m-c-W-°m-sc-t]mse hmZ-ap-

J-ßsf JWvVn-®p-sIm≠v \ΩpsS

ho£-W-ßƒ k`y-amb coXn-bn¬

Ah-X-cn -∏n-°mw. a‰p-≈-h¿ \sΩ

Fßs\ a\- n-em-°p∂p F∂v Adn-

bm\pw a‰p-≈-hsc \ap°v a\- n-em-

°m\pw ChnsS kμ¿`w e`n-°p-∂p.

AXp-sIm-s≠√mwXs∂ Cu Xpd∂

kwhmZw F\n°v Akp-e-`-am-sbmcp

Ncn-{X-ap-lq¿Ø-am-Wv. Hcp Xpd∂

kwhm-Z-Øns‚ Dt±iyw CsXm-s°-X-

s∂-bm-Wv. Cu al-Ømb ]cn-]mSn

\nßƒ Gs‰-SpØp \S-Øp∂p F∂-

Xn¬ Rm≥ AXoh k¥p-jvS-\m-Wv.

Pohn-X-Øns‚ kakvX aWvU-e-ß-

fnepw CØcw Xpd∂ kwhm-Z-ßƒ

temIØv A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv.

Rm\n-hnsS ]d-bm-\p-t±-in-°p∂

hnjbw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºmbn

\nß-tfmSv F\n°v am∏v tNmZn-t°-≠n-

h-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv Cu

c≠v hnj-b-ßfpw AXn-hn-]p-e-ß-fm-

Wv. ]cn-an-X-amb Cu ka-b-Øn-\p-

≈n¬ Ah c≠pw ]d-™p-Xo¿°m≥

km[y-a-√. Hcp hnj-b-tØmSpt]mepw

\oXn ]pe¿Øp∂ coXn-bn¬ kwkm-

cn-°m≥ Cu kabw ]cym-]vX-a-√.

AXn -\m¬ Rm≥ Hcp \n¿tZiw

sh°mw. Cu hnj-b-Øns‚

BZysØ `mK-amb ico -AØpw

(Ckvemw aX-\n-b-aw) cmjv{So-b-hpw,

ico-AØv \nbaw GsX-¶nepw Hcp

cmPyØv \S-∏m-°¬ F∂o hnj-b-

ßƒ kwkm-cn-®-Xn\v tijw kabw

_m°n-bp-s≠-¶n¬ Rm≥ hnj-b-

Øns‚ c≠mw `mK-Øn¬ {]th-in-

°mw. ka-b-an-s√-¶n¬ \ap°v B

hnh-cWw hnSmw. ImcWw \nßƒ°v

\nß-fpsS ho£Ww Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-

\p≈ kabw At∏mƒ e`n-°p-∂-Xm-

Wv. \nßƒ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

At∏mƒ \nßƒ°v tNmZy -ßƒ

tNmZn -°m-hp -∂-Xp -am -Wv. Rm≥

Npcp°n ]d-bm≥ {ian-°mw. F¶nepw

AXv ka-{K-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw.

ico-A-Øv \nbaw C∂v apkvenw cmPy-

ß-fn¬ NqtSmsS N¿® sNø-s∏-́ p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp hnj-b-am-Wv.

]mIn-kvXm-\nse ico-AØv \nb-aw.

ico-AØv \nb-asØ ]‰n ]mIn-

kvXm-\n¬ {]_p-≤hpw Xo]m-dp-∂-Xp-

amb N¿®-I-fmWv \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. Hcp apkvenw ̀ qcn-]£ cmPyØv

ico -AØv \nbaw \S -∏m -°m≥

apkvenwIƒ°v Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. AXn-

t\-°m-fp-]cn AXv apkvenwI-fpsS Hcp

_m[y-X-bp-am-sW-∂mWv s]mXpsh

a\- n-em-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. apkvenwIƒ

Jp¿-B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬

Jp¿-B≥ a\p-jy-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚

kI-e-ta-J-esbbpw kv]¿in-°p∂

{KŸ-am-sW∂pw Pohn-X-Øns‚ ka-

kvX-ta-J-e-I-fnepw a\p-jy≥ Fßs\

s]cp-am-d-W-sa∂v \n¿tZ-in-°p-∂

{KŸ-am-sW∂pw hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xp≠v

F∂mWv hmZw. A√mØ]£w Cu

Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-hp-ambn shdp-sX-bn-cn-

°p-∂Xv Im]-Sy-am-sW∂pw hmZn-°-s∏-

Sp -∂p. Jp¿ -Bs\ kw_-‘n®v

Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p∂ apkvenwIƒ

A\n-hm-cy-ambpw ico-AØv \nbaw

\S-∏n -em-°p-Ibpw AXv cmPyØv

AwKo-Im-c-ap≈ Htc-sbmcp \nb-a-

am°n am‰p-Ibpw thWw.

Cu ]d-b-s∏-´Xv hnj-b-Øns‚

Hcp hi-am-Wv. adp-h-i-Øm-Is´ ico-

AØv \nb-a-ßƒ \S-∏m-°p-∂Xv

kw_-‘n®v \nc-h[n XS- -ßƒ

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXm-bXv

\nba {]iv\-ßƒ, Kpcp-X-c-amb ̀ c-W-

L-S\m {]iv\-ßƒ, ico-A-Øv \nbaw

\S-∏m-°p∂ taJ-e-I-fnse√mw kwPm-

X-am-hp∂ _p≤n-ap-´pIƒ F∂n-h-bm-

W-h. apkvenwI-fpsS km[m-c-W-Po-hn-

X-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

Ah¿ amXr-Im-Po-hnXw \bn-°m-Ø-

ico-AØv \nb-ahpw cmjv{S \nb-ahpwlZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv

kqcn-\m-anse aXm-¥-cob N¿®m thZn-bpsS (Inter-relegion consults, Suriname) B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬1991 Pq¨ 3˛mw XobXn kwL-Sn-∏n® {]Ya tbmK-Øn¬ {]`m-j-I-\m-bn-cp∂ Jeo-̂ -Øp¬ akolvdm_nAv (dlv) ico-AØv \nbaw Hcn-°epw cmjv{S-\n-b-a-ambn ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°m≥ km[y-a-s√∂pw HcpaX-hpw- Xß-fpsS aX-\n-ba-ßƒ cmjv{S-\n-b-a-ß-fmbn am‰p-∂Xv icn-b-s√∂pw hy‡-am-°p-∂p. tIh-e-\o-Xn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ sk°p-e¿ Kh¨sa‚mWv Ckvemw hn`m-h\w sNøp-∂-sX∂pw aXwcmjv{S hyh-l-mc-ß-fnepw cmjv{Sw aX-Im-cy-ß-fnepw t\cn´v CS-s]-Sm≥ ]mSn√ F∂ sk°p-e¿ XØz-amWv A`n-Im-ay-sa∂pw At±lw Xs‚ {]`m-j-W-Ønepw XpS¿∂v \S∂ tNmtZym-Ø-c-Ønepw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.


JpX

zv_ k

w{K

lw


h¿ am{X-a√; A[n-Ihpw AXn\v hn]-

co-X-am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.

AØcw Hcp kaq-l-Øn\pta¬ ico-

AØv \nbaw {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-

Itbm ASn-t®¬∏n-°p-Itbm sNøm≥

km[y-a√ F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv F¥vsIm-

≠m-sW∂v Rm≥ Npcp°n hnh-cn-

°mw. Ckvemw aXw BN-cn-°m≥

]q¿W-kzm-X-{¥y-ap≈ Pohn-X-ta-J-e-I-

fnse√mw apkvenwIƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw

hogvN-Iƒ hcp-Øp∂p F∂n-cns°

kztb-—-bm¬ Ckvemw aXw BN-cn-

°m≥ hnap-J-cmb C°q-´sc \nbaw

aptJ-\tbm A[n-Im-c-i-‡n-sImt≠m

Fßs\ CkvemanI am¿K-Øn¬ hgn-

\-S-Øm-\m-hpw? CXvt]mse \nc-h[n

taJ-e-I-fn¬ ico-AØv \S-∏m-°p-∂Xv

kw_-‘n®v N¿®-Ifpw Xo£vW-amb

kwhm-Z-ßfpw XpScp-I-bm-Wv. Cu

hnj-b-Øns‚ \m\m-h-i-ßsf kw_-

‘n®v hfsc Npcp-°-Øn¬ Rm≥

hnh-cn-°mw.

]mIn-kvXm-\n¬ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-

°p∂ ico-AØv kwhm-Z-ß-fn-se√mw

hy‡n-]-c-ambn ]s¶-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-

°p∂ HcmfmWv Rm≥. e≠-\n¬

hcp∂ \nc-h[n ]WvVn-X-∑m-scbpw

am¿K-\n¿tZ-i-ßƒ°v th≠n F\n°v

IsØ-gp-Xp-∂-h-scbpw Cu hnj-b-

Øn¬ Rm≥ klm-bn -°m-dp -≠v.

Fs∂ kao-]n-°p∂ Ch¿s°√mw

henb Ipdn-∏p-I-sf-gp-Xn-s°m-Sp-Øp-

sIm-≠√ Rm\Xv \n¿hln®-Xv. ]t£

hen-sbm-c -f -thmfw Imcy -Øns‚

bmYm¿Yyw Ah¿°v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-

Øn-s°m-Sp-°m≥ F\n°v km[n-®n-´p-

≠v. {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏´ \nc-h[n teJ-

\-ß-fn¬ Fs‚ A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ {]Xn-

^-en-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

ico -AØv Hcp \nb-a -am -Wv .

AXn¬ bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an -√.

AXv CkvemanI \nb-a -am -Wv .

apkvenwIƒ°p-th≠nbp≈-Xm-Wv.

]t£ Hcp cmjv{Sob ̀ c-W-Iq-S-Øn∂v

ico-AØv F{X-tØmfw \nb-a-ß-

fm°n ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°m-\mhpw F∂-

Xm-Wv {]iv\w. AXn-\p-]p-dsa a‰p ]e

{]iv\-ßfpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. DZm-

l-c-W-Øn\v Hcp apkvenw cmPy-Øn\v

Ah-cpsS aX-\n-b-a-ßƒ cmjv{S-\n-b-

a-ß-fm°n am‰m≥ Ah-Im-i-ap-s≠-

¶n¬ AtX bp‡n-\ym-b-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v

Aapkvenw `qcn-]£ {]tZ-i-ß-fn¬

AhcpsS aX-Øns‚ \nb-a-ßfpw Cu

hn[w {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m≥ Ah¿°pw

Ah-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

Aßs\ temIw apgp-h≥ cmjv{So-

b-kw-L¿j-Øns‚ thZn am{X-a-√, aX-

cm-jv{Sob kwL¿j-ß-fpsS thZn-IqSn

Bbn-Øo-cp-∂p. Ah-sc-√mw-Xs∂

Xß-fpsS \nb-a-ßƒ ssZh-Øn¬

Btcm-]n-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. AtX-k-abw

Ah-cpsS \nb-a-ß-sf√mw ]c-kv]cw

IS-hn-cp-≤-ß-fp-am-Wv. ssZhw Hcp P\-

X-tbmSv ]d-bp∂ Imcyw as‰mcp P\-

X-tbmSv as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p.

AXm-bXv Hcp P\-X-bn¬ \S-∏m-°-W-

sa∂v ]d™ \nbaw as‰mcp P\-X-

tbmSv \S-∏m-°m≥ ]mSn-√mØ Ak-

Xy-am-sW∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. CØcw

Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ßƒ P\-ßƒ°v ssZh-

Øn-ep≈ hnizmkw Xs∂ C√m-Xm-

°pw.

DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v C¥y-sb-t]m-

ep≈ Hcp cmPyØv `qcn-]£ lnμp-

°-fpsS \nbaw \yq\-]-£o-b-cmb

apkvenwI-fn¬ {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬ F¥m-bn-cn°pw kw`-hn-

°pI F∂v \nßƒ ̀ mh-\-bn¬ I≠p-

t\m-°q. CkvemanI cmPy-ß-fn¬ \S-

°p∂ ico-AØv hXv°-cW \o°-ß-

fpsS {]Xn -I -cWw F∂ \ne°v

C¥y≥ kaq-l-Ønse Hcf-thmfw

Xo{h-hm-Zn-I-fmb lnμp-°ƒ CØcw

Bh-iy-ßƒ D∂-bn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn-

cn-°p∂p F∂Xv Hcp hmkvX-h-am-Wv.

Hcp CkvemanI cmPyØv Cßs\

kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v hnNm-cn-®m¬ C¥y-

bn¬ apkvenwIƒ°pw AXvt]mse

a‰p aX\yq\-]-£-ßƒ°pw F¥mWv

kw`-hn -°p-I F∂v Btem-Nn -®p -

t\m°q. AXn-ep-]-cn-bmbn CXv C¥y-

bpsS am{Xw {]iv\-a-√. C{km-tb¬

cmPyØv PqX-a-X-Øns‚ \nb-a-amb

X¬aqZv Ah-cpsS cmPysØ \nb-a-

ambn {]Jym-]n-®m¬ Ah-ÿ-sb-¥m-

bn-cn°pw?

Rm≥ X¬aqZv hmbn-®-Xm-Wv. Hcp

PqX-\-√mØ hy‡n°v PqX-\n-b-a-Øn-

\p-Io-gn¬ A¥-t m-sSbpw km[m-cW

\ne-bnepw Pohn-°m≥ km[y-a-√. A{]-

Imcw {InkvXp-a-X-°m¿°pw _p≤-a-X-

°m¿°pw CtX Ah-Imiw hI-sh-®p-

sIm-Sp-t°-≠n-h-cpw.

\nb-a-\n¿Ωm-W-Ønse ]¶m-fnØw.

ASpØ N¿® cmjv{S k¶¬]-

sØ-°p-dn -®m-Wv. cmjv{So -bsØ

kw_-‘n®pw A¥mcmjv{S \nb-a-

sØ-°p-dn®pw N¿® sNøp-∂hcm¬

]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-tS≠Xpw N¿® sNø-s∏-

tS-≠-Xp-amb Hcp ASn-ÿm\ hnj-b-

am-Wn-Xv. Hcp cmPyØv P\n®p hogp∂

]uc\v B cmPy-Øns‚ \nb-a-\n¿am-

W-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-

apt≠m F∂-XmWv tNmZyw. sk°p-

e¿ k¶¬]-ß-fpsS ASn -ÿm-\-

Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ Hcp `c-W-Iq-

S-Øn-s‚bpw \nb-a-\n¿amW k`-I-fp-

tSbpw XØz-{]-Imcw Hcp cmPyØv

]nd-∂p-ho-gp∂ GsXmcp ]uc\pw

Abmƒ GXv aX-Øn¬s∏-´-h-\m-

bmepw GXv h¿K-Øntem h¿W-

Øntem s]´ -h -\m -bmepw icn

Abmƒ°v auen-I-amb ]ucm-h-Im-i-

ßƒ e`y-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. \nb-a-\n¿am-

W-ß-fn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-hpI F∂-XmWv

Hcp ]ucs‚ G‰hpw {][m-\-s∏´

Ah-Im-iw.

Xo¿®-bmbpw Hcp cmPyØv

cmjv{Sob I£n-Iƒ hcn-Ibpw t]mIp-

Ibpw sNøpw. `qcn-]£ cmjv{Sob

I£n-Iƒ \yq\-]£ ]m¿ń-I-fmbn

amdpw. F√m-h-cp-tSbpw B{K-l-ßƒ

km£m¬°-cn-°p-Itbm \nh¿Øn-

°p-Itbm C√. F¶nepw XØz-Øn¬

F√m-h¿°pw \ymb-amb Ah-k-c-

ßƒ ka-Xz-tØmsS e`y-am-Ip-∂p.

Npcp -ßn -bXv GsXm-cm -fp -sSbpw

s]mXp-Im-cy-ß-fn-ep≈ ]cn-tZ-h\w

h n t b m - P n - t ∏ m - s S - s b - ¶ n e p w

tIƒ°s∏Sp-∂p. F∂m¬ GsX-

¶nepw Hcp cmPyØv ico-AØv \nb-

atam Hcp aX-\n-b-atam Ahn-SpsØ

\nb-a-ambn {]Jym-]n-®m¬ F¥mWv

kw`-hn-°pI? Hcp cmPyØv apkvenw

\nbaw \S-∏m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B

cmPysØ Aapkvenw ]uc-∑m-sc√mw

c≠mw-X-ctam aq∂mw-X-ctam \memw-X-

ctam ]uc-∑m-cmbn KWn-t°-≠n-h-cpw.

B cmPysØ \nb-a-\n¿am-W-ß-fn¬

Ah¿°v bmsXmcp ]¶m-fn-Ø-hp-ap-

≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂X-√. {]iv\-ß-fpsS

k¶o¿W-X-Iƒ Ckvem-an -\p-≈n¬

ho≠pw k¶o¿W-am-hp-∂p. ImcWw

Ckvemw aX-Øn\v ssZhw shfn-s∏-

Sp-Ønb Hcp {KŸ-ap≠v. B {KŸw

hymJym-\n-°m≥ Ckvemw aX-Ønse

]WvVn-X-∑m¿°v am{X-amWv Ah-Im-

i-sa-∂mWv Ah-cpsS hmZw.

\nb-a- \n¿amWk` aX-]-WvVn-X-∑m¿°v

Xmsg

\nb-a-\n¿amW k`bpw aX-]-

WvVn-X-∑mcpw XΩn¬ A`n-{]m-b-hy-



Xymkw DS-se-Sp-Øm¬ hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v sshZKv[yw

t\Snb aX-]-WvVn-X-∑mcpsS A`n-{]m-

b-Øn-\v, As√-¶n¬ Aßs\ Ah-Im-

i-hmZw D∂-bn-°p-∂-h-cpsS A`n-{]m-

b-Øn-\m-bn-cn°pw {]map-Jyw. \nb-a-

\n¿amW k` AXn\p Iosg Bbn-cn-

°pw. \nb-a-\n¿amW k`-bpw aX-]-

WvVn-X-∑m-cpsS k`bpw XΩn-ep≈

_‘w Fß-s\-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw

F∂-XmWv {]iv\w \nb-a-\n¿am-W-Øn-

\m-bn-́ mWv Hcp k`sb Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-

∂-Xv. B \nb-a-\n¿amWk` \nbaw

\n¿an-®p-I-gn-™m¬ \nßƒ°v Nne

aX-]-WvVn-X-∑m-cn¬ \n∂v C{]-Imcw

tIƒ°p-hm≥ km[n°pw. \nßƒ

apt∂m-´p-sh® \nbaw Ckvemans‚

ASn-ÿm\ {]am-W-ßƒs°-Xn-cm-Wv.

AØcw Akw-_-‘-ßƒ°v

Ckveman¬ bmsXm-cn-S-hp-an-√ F∂v.

BcpsS hm°p -I -fmWv \mw

ssIs°mt≈-≠-Xv . Hcp hiØv

kwkm-cn-°p∂hcpsS ]n∂n¬ ssZhw

Xs∂-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. AXm-bXv ssZh-

Øn\v th≠n {]Xy-£-Øn¬ kwkm-

cn -°p -∂-h -cm -W-h¿. adp -h -iØv

cmPysØ P\-ß-fpsS `qcn-]-£hpw.

AXp-sIm≠v Cu {]tl-fnI ]cn-l-cn-

°m≥ {]bm-k-I-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.

aX-ß-fnse `n∂-I-£n-Iƒ

am{X-a-√, F√m-a-X-ßfpw XpS-°-

Øn¬ GIhpw A`n-∂-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Imew Ign-bpw-tXm-dpw AXn¬ `n∂-X-

Iƒ cq]-s∏-Sm≥ XpS-ßn. `n∂-I-£n-

I-fmbn amdn. I£n-Iƒ s]cp-In.

AXns‚ B[nIyw hfsc A[n-I-

ambn. DZm-lcW-Øn\v tbip-{In-kvXp

(-A) s‚ ImeØv {InkvXp-aXw H∂m-

bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv AXv \qdp-I-W-°n\v

{InkvXp-a-X-ß-fmbn amdn. Hmtcm

I£n-bp-sSbpw ho£-W-tIm-Wn¬

{InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ t{kmX- ns\

t\m°p-tºmƒ hn`n∂ h¿W-ß-fn¬

ImW-s∏-Sp∂p. Hmtcm hn`m-Khpw

hnhn[ h¿W-Øn-ep≈ IÆm-Sn-bn-

eqsS t\m°p-tºm-gmWv hnhn[ \nd-

ß-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ckvemans\

kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw CXv Xs∂-

bmWv Ah-ÿ. CXv kp∂n-Isfbpw

inbm-°-sfbpw kw_-‘n® {]iv\

tam Ah¿ Fßs\ ico-A-Øns\

t\m°n-°m-Wp∂p F∂ {]iv\tam

am{X-a-√.

inbm-°-fn¬ Xs∂ 34 hn`m-K-ß-

fp≠v. ico-A-Øns\ kw_-‘n®

Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw hymJym-\-ßƒ

hyXy-kvX-ß-fm-Wv. Hcp hnj-b-Øn¬

GtIm-]n®v A`n -{]mbw ]d-bp∂

hn`n∂ hn`m-K-Øn-ep≈ c≠v De-am-

°-∑msc ImWm≥ km[y -a -√.

_ln¿`m-K-ÿtam imJm-]-c-amtbm

D≈ hnj-b-ß-fn¬ am{X -a -√;

Ckvemans‚ aqe-{]-am -W-ß-fn¬

t]mepw Ah¿°v GtIm-]n® A`n-{]m-

b-an-√. C°mcyw t_m[y-am-hm≥

\nßƒ ap\o¿ IΩo-js‚ At\z-jW

dnt∏m¿´v am{Xw hmbn-®m¬ aXn. 1953

se AlvaZnøm hncp≤ {]t£m-`-

Øns‚ Imc-Whpw AXn∂v ]n∂n¬

{]h¿Øn-®-h¿ Bcm-sW∂pw At\z-

jn-°m≥ \nb-an-X-cmb c≠v PUvPnam-

cn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp-∂p ]mIn-kvXm≥

kp{]ow tImSXn No v̂ PÃn-kmb apl-

ΩZv ap\o¿.

BcmWv apkvenw?

At\z-j-W-t°m-S-Xn-bpsS sXfn-sh-

Sp-∏n¬ Pkv‰nkv apl-ΩZv ap\o¿ At±-

l-Øn\v ap∂n¬ lmP-cmb Hmtcm

apkvenw De-am-°-tfmSpw C{]-Imcw

tNmZn-®p: ‘a‰v hn`m-K-°m¿°v IqSn

kzoIm -cy -tbm -Ky -am -bXpw F√m -

h¿°pw Hcp-t]mse _m[-I-am-b-Xp-

amb \nßƒ°-dn-bm-hp∂ Hcp \n¿h-

N\w Ckveman-s\-]‰n \nßƒ ]d-bp-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B \n¿h-N-\-Øns‚

klm-b-tØmsS Rßƒ°v apkvenw

Bcm-sW∂v Xncn-®-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.’AXm-bXv ‘AsX, Cbmƒ apkvenamWv

Abmƒ apkvena√’ F∂n-ß-s\.

F∂m¬ dnt∏m¿ń¬ Pkv‰nkv ap\o¿

]d-bp-∂Xv, tNmZyw sNbvX apkvenw

De-am-°-∑m-cn¬ c≠p-t]¿°v t]mepw

FtIm]n®psIm≠v Ckvemw F¥m-Wv

F∂-Xn-s\-kw-_-‘n®v Hcp \n¿h-N\w

\¬Im≥ km[n-®n√ F∂m-Wv.

Hcp Dea \n¿h-N-\-sØ-]‰n Nn¥n-

°m≥ Ipd®v kabw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-

bp-≠m-bn. At∏mƒ PÃnkv ap\o-

dns‚ ]¶m-fnbpw ckn -I -\p -amb

PÃnkv Ibm\n ]d-™p. "CXn-s\-]‰n

Nn¥n-°m≥ \nßƒ 13 \q‰m-≠p-I-sf-

SpØp Ign-™p. C{Xbw kabw CXn-

\p-a-Xn-bm-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-t√? Ckvemans‚

Hcp aqe {]am-W-sØ-°p-dn®v a\- n-

em -°m≥ 13 \q‰m≠pw Ipd -®p -

h¿jhpw IqSn e`n-®n-´pw \nßƒ°v

km[y-am-bn-√. C\n F{X-k-a-bw-IqSn

\nßƒ°v C°m-cy-Øn-∂mbn th≠n-

hcpw?'

CXv hfsc Kpcp -X-c -amb Hcp

{]iv\-am-Wv. Hcp hn`m-K-Øns‚ ico-

AØv hymJym\w Hcp cmPyØv \nb-

a-ambn \S-∏m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv

AapkvenwIsf kw_-‘n -t® -S -

tØmfw \oXn-]q¿h-am-bn-cn-°-bn√.

AapkvenwIƒ cmPysØ \nb-a-\n¿am-

W-Øn¬ `mK-`m-°m-Im-\p≈ auen-

Im-h-Im-i-Øn¬ \n∂pw Hgn-®p-\n¿Ø-

s∏-Spw. Cßs\ Hgn-®p-\n¿Ø-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv AapkvenwIƒ am{X-am-bn-cn-°n-

√. apkvenwI-fnse Xs∂ `cn-°p∂

HutZym-KnI I£n HgnsI a‰p ]e-hn-

`m-K-ßƒ°pw \nb-a-\n¿am-W-Øn¬

]s¶-Sp-°m-\p≈ auen-Im-h-Imiw

\ntj-[n-°-s∏-Spw.

GXv hn`m-K-Øns‚ hymJym-\-amWv ico-

AØv \nb-a-ambn kzoI-cn-°pI

C\n-bp-ap≠v [mcmfw {]iv\-ßƒ.

DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v Hcp Ip‰-Øn\v Hcp

hn`mKw I¬]n-°p∂ in£-b√ adp-

hn -`m-K-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. hf-sc-tbsd

hyXym-k-ap≠v. Htc {]iv\-Øn¬

Ckvemw temI-Øns‚ hnhn[ ̀ mK-ß-

fn¬ hnhn[ coXn-bn-emWv BN-cn-°-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. CXv Aapkvenw temI-Øn\v

Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n®v òI-c-amb

Hcp Nn{X-am-bn-cn°pw \¬Ip-I. Htc

Ip‰-Øn\v hnhn[ in£-Iƒ \¬Ip∂

aXw F¥v hn[-Øn-ep≈ aX-am-Wv.

a‰p Nne ÿe-ß-fn¬ NneXv Ip‰-I-c-

a-√-Xm-\pw. ]Icw \oXn-bm-Wv. CØ-

c-Øn-ep≈ \nc-h[n {]iv\-ßƒ ico-

AØv {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°¬ Akm-[y-

am-°n-Øo¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

am{X-a√ an° Ah-k-c-ß-fnepw

a‰p hn`m-K-°m-cpsS auen-Im-h-Im-i-

ßƒ Nhnń saXn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. DZm-l-

c-W-Øn\v aZy-]m-\-Øns‚ {]iv\-sa-

Sp-°mw. aZyw Ckveman¬ \ntcm-[n-°-

s∏´ hkvXp -hmWv. icn -Xs∂,

F∂m¬ AXv in£n-°-s∏-tS≠ Ip‰-

amtWm? Fs¥-¶nepw in£-bp-s≠-

¶n¬ AXv a\p -jy\v Cu

temIØvsh®v \¬Im≥ ]mSpt≠m

F∂Xv Hcp X¿°-hn-j-b-am-Wv. Cu

X¿°-Øn¬ GI-I-WvT -amb Hc-

`n {]mbw Dcp -Øn -cn -™n -ń -√.

Ckvemans‚ aqe-{]-amWamb hnip≤

Jp¿ -B≥ aZy -]m -\ -Øn\v Hcp

in£bpw I¬]n-®n-ń-√. \nb-a-]p-kvX-

I-ßfmIs´ lZo-kn¬ \n∂v Nne

]WvVn-X-∑m¿ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xm-Wv.



Ah¿ aZy-]m\w in£m¿l-am-sW∂v

]d-bp∂p. ]t£ Cu \nbaw hen-®p-

\o-ń-b-Xm-sW∂pw B lZokv Xs∂

B[n-Im-cn-I-a-s√∂pw kwi-bm-kv]-Z-

am-sW∂pw Nne ]WvVn-X-∑m¿ hmZn-

°p-∂p.

a‰p-≈-h-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ°v

t\sc XnI®pw Ak-ln-jvWpX ImWn-

°p-∂-h-cm-Wv Xo{h-hm-Zn-Iƒ. kwi-bm-

kv]-Zhpw Ahy-‡-Xbpw \nd™

CØcw hnj-b-ßƒ Xo{h-hm-Zn-Iƒ

bmsXm-cp kwi-b-hp-an-√mØ JWvVn-

X-amb Imcy-ambn FSp-°p-∂p. Ah¿

]dbpw "AsX Rßƒ°nsX√mw

Adnbmw. Rß-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-a-Xm-

Wv. a≤y-Im-e-L-́ -Ønse Hcp ]WvVn-

Xs‚ ]n¥pW Rß-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-

Øn-\p-≠v. AXn-\m¬ AXmWv \nb-

aw'.

ico-AØv \nbaw {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m≥]mIn-kvXm≥ Kh¨sa‚v A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ {]iv\-ßƒ]mIn-kvXm-\n¬ ico-AØv \nb-a-wkw-

_‘n®v CubnsS \S∂ Hcp N¿®

bn¬ Cu hyXym-k-ß-sf√mw {]I-S-

am-bn-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ {][m-\-a{¥n

\hmkv ico^v Hcp hn`m-K-Øn-\p-

am{Xw ico-A-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

am°n \nbaw \n¿an-°p-I-bn-s√∂v

Dd∏v \¬Ip-I-bp-≠m-bn.

Jp¿-Bs‚ ]c-am[nImcw AwKo-I-

cn-®p-sIm≠mWv Ah¿ \nbaw ]mkm-

°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Jp¿-B≥ hncp-≤-am-

b-sXm∂pw Ah¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bn-

√. ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v hcp∂ \nb-a-

\n¿tZ-i-ß-sf-t]mse a‰p bmsXmcp

\nb-atam N´tam Ah¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-

I-bn-√.

A°mcyw hnSp-I. cmPysØ

CkvemanIh¬°-cn-°m≥ Jp¿-B-

\n¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ ico-A-Øns‚

s]mXp XØz-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-

ep≈ \nb-a-ßƒ _m°n-sb-s¥m-s°-

bm-Wv.

{][m-\-a{¥n kzbw Xs∂ \qem-

am-e-I-fn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-́ n-cn-°-bm-Wv.

A{X-tØmfw \√-Xp-X-s∂. ]t£ B

c£ Zo¿L-Im-e-tØ-°m-bn-cn-°n-√.

De-am-°-∑m¿ {][m-\-a-{¥n-bpsS Igp-

Øn\p t\sc hmtfmßn \n¬°p-∂p-

≠v. cmPyØv \ne-hn-ep≈ ico-AØv

tImSXn XpS-cpI am{X-a-√ AXns‚

A[n-Imcw h¿[n-t°-≠-Xp-ap≠v F∂-

Xm-Wv Ah-cpsS Bhiyw. cmPysØ

\nbaw Ckvem-an\v \nc-°p-∂-XmtWm

A√tbm F∂v \n¿W-bn-°m-\p≈ ]c-

am-[n-Imcw icoAØvkp{]ow tImS-

Xn°v \¬tI-≠-Xm-sW∂pw De-am-

°ƒ hmZn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ ]ns∂

A[n-Im-c-Øns‚ tI{μo-I-cWw Xnc-

s™-Sp-°-s∏´ ]m¿e-sa‚ v saº¿am-

cn¬\n∂pw Xo{h-hm-Zn-I-fmb De-am-°-

∑m-cn-te°v amdp-I-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv

A{]m -tbm -Kn -I -amb Hcp Imcyw

\nßƒ Hcn -°¬ kzoI-cn -®p -I-gn -

™m¬ AXv a‰v \nc-h[n {]iv\-ß-fn-

te°v \bn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. IqSp-X¬

k¶o¿W-X-Iƒ krjvSn-®p-sIm-≠-

√msX AXn\p apt∂m´v t]mIm≥

km[y-a-√.

Ckveman-I-a-√mØ PohnX ssien

apsº ]d-™Xv k¶o¿W

{]iv\-ß-fpsS Hcp taJ-e-bm-Wv.

F∂m¬ Kpcp-X-c-amb k¶o¿W-X-Iƒ

Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp taJ-e-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v.

AXv apkvenwI-fpsS PohnX ssien-

bm-Wv. H´p-an° apkvenw cmPy-ß-fp-

sSbpw PohnX ssien ASn -apSn

Ckveman-I-a√ F∂ Imcyw Ahn-

X¿°n-X-am-Wv.

\nß-tfm¿°p-I. \nß-fpsS 5

t\csØ \a-kv°mcw \n¿hln-°m≥

Hcp ico-AØv \nb-a-Øn-s‚bpw Bh-

iy-an-√. \nßƒ hnizm-ky-X-tbmsS

s]cp-am-dm≥ Hcp ico-AØv \nb-a-Øn-

s‚bpw Bh-iyan√. \nßƒ kXyw

]d-bp-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°m≥ bmsXmcp

ico-AØv \nb-a-Øn-s‚bpw Bh-iy-

an-√. tImS-Xn-I-fntem as‰-hn-sS-sb-¶n-

eptam kXy-ambpw hniz-kvX-X-tbm-

sSbpw km£n-samgn \¬Im\pw ico-

AØv \nb-a-Øns‚ Bh-iy-an -√.

Fhn-sS-bmtWm Hcp kaq-l-Øns‚

Ifhv km¿h{Xn-I-ambn ImW-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv, Fhn-sS-bmtWm {Ia-cm-ln-Xy-hpw

Ipg-∏-hpw A\y-cpsS Ah-Im-i-ßƒ

Ih¿s∂-Sp-°epw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv,

Fhn-sS-bmtWm tImS-Xn-I-fn¬ kXy-

k-‘-amb Hcm-fpsS km£yw AXy-

]q¿h-ambn tIƒ°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, Fhn-sS-

bmtWm Ak-̀ yw-\n-d™ ̀ mj s]mXp-

ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ \n¿_m[w D]-tbm-Kn-°-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw A¥- m¿∂ s]cp-am-‰-

Øns‚ Hcp IWn-I-t]mepw C√m-ØXv

Aß-s\-bp≈ ÿeØv ico-AØv

\nb-a-ßƒ F¥v sNøm-\m-Wv. AØ-

c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp cmPyØv ico-AØv

Fßs\ kXy-k-‘-ambn \S-∏m-°pw.

CXmWv {]iv\w.

DNn-X-amb A¥-co£Øns‚ A\n-hm-cyX.

Rm≥ Cu {]iv\w hyXy-kvX-amb

cq]-Øn-emWv Ah-X-cn∏n°p-∂-Xv. CXv

Cu cq]-Øn¬ CXvhsc D∂-bn-°-s∏-

Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. ]t£ Ct∂-

hsc F\n°v CXv kw_-‘n® ]cn-

lmcw F∂ \ne°v Hcp DØ-chpw

tIƒ°m≥ Ign-™n-ń-√.

{]iv\-an-Xm-Wv. F√m Hmtcm cmPy-

Øn\pw Hmtcm Imem-h-ÿ-bp-≠v. B

Imem-h-ÿ-bn¬ F√m kky-e-Xm-Xn-

Ifpw ]pjv]n-°-W-sa-∂n-√. CuØ-

∏gw acp-`q-an-bn-emWv Imbv°p-∂Xv;

Ipfn-cp≈ hS-°≥ cmPy-ß-fn-e-√.

AXvt]mse sNdn-∏gw acp-`q-an-bn¬

hf-cn-√. AXn\v {]tXyI Imem-hÿ

thWw. AXvt]mse ico -A-Øv

{]mh¿Øn-I-am-I-W-sa-¶n¬ {]tXyI

Imem-hÿ thWw. \nßƒ°v B

Imem-hÿ krjvSn-°m≥ km[y-a-√.

AXn-\m¬ ico-AØv ASn-t®¬∏n-

°m\pw km[y-a-√.

apl-ΩZv \_n (k) am{X-a√ F√m

{]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ssZhn-I-\n-b-a-ßƒ

{]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m≥ th≠n Btcm-

Ky-I-c-amb Hcp Imem-h-ÿ-bmWv

BZy -ambn A\p -\ -bm -fl-I -ambn

krjvSn-°m≥ {ian-®-Xv. Hcn-°epw

i‡n D]-tbm-Kn-®√ Ah-c-Xn\v {ian-

®-Xv. Aßs\ kaqlw AXn\v k÷-

am-bm¬ B \nbaw {]mh¿Øn-I-am-

°mw. ]n∂oSv B \nb-a-ßƒ IqSp-

X¬ IqSp -X¬ IWn -i -X -tbmsS

ÿm]n-°s∏Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. apgp-

h≥ \nb-a-ßfpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-

hsc Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp∂p {]hm-N-I-

∑m¿ {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Aß-s\-

bmWv kaqlw aX-\n-b-a-ßƒ hln-

°m-\p≈ {]m]vXn t\Sp-∂-Xv. AXns\

\nßƒ ico-AØv \nb-a-sat∂m

as‰¥v \nb-sat∂m hnfn-®mepw icn.

Ifhv km¿h-{Xn-I-amb Hcp kaq-

lØn¬ AXm-bXv Ifhv ]d-b¬

km[m-cW ioe-amb Hcp kaq-l-

Øn¬ Ifhv \S-Øp-∂-hs‚ ssI

sh´p∂ ico-AØv \nbaw \nßƒ

\S-∏m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ F¥m-bn-

cn°pw kw`-hn-°p-I.

A[n-Imcw ]nSn-s®Sp-°m≥th≠n ico-AØv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p

]mIn-kvXm-\nse GsX-¶nepw Hcp

sNdnb ]´Ww \nßƒ BZyw



kwkv°-cn -s® -Sp -°p -I. F∂n´ v

AhnsS ico-AØv \nbaw ]m m-°p-

I F∂v ]m°n-kvXm-\nse aX-]-WvVn-

X-∑msc £Wn-®p-h-cpØn Bh-iy-s∏-

Sm≥ Rm≥ ]m°n -kvXm -\nse

cmjv{Sob t\Xm-°-∑m-cp-sS apºn¬

Hcp \n¿tZiw sh®n-cn-°p-∂p. DZm-l-

c-W-Øn\v If-hn\pw Zpjn-∏n\pw

t]cvtI´ ss^k-em-_m-Zvt]msebp≈

hmWn-Py-{]-[m-\-amb Hcp sNdnb

]´Ww, As√-¶n¬ Hcp henb ]´Ww

BZyw Ah¿ CXn-\mbn sXc-s™-Sp-

°-s´. ]mIn-kvXm-\nse kIe De-am-

°-tfbpw B Hscm‰ ] -́Ww kwkv°-

cn-s®-Sp-°m≥ `c-ta¬∏n-°pI F∂v

Rm≥ hn\o-X-ambn \n¿tZ-in-°p-∂p.

B ]´-W-Ønse P\-ßƒ°v ico-

AØv hln-°m-\p≈ tijn kam-K-

X-am-bm¬ ico-AØv \nbaw `c-W-\n-

b-a-ambn \S-∏m-°m≥ Kh¨sa‚n-s\

£Wn-°p-I.- ]t£ AsXm-cn-°epw

kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-√. AØcw A`n-{]m-

b-ßƒ Ahscmcn-°epw {i≤n-°m≥

t]mIp-∂n√. ico-AØv \nbaw \S-∏m-

°m≥ th≠n-bp≈ Cu apd-hnfn

Ckveman -t\m -Sp≈ kvt\lw

sIms≠m∂p-a-√. ico-AØv Ah¿°v

A[n-Imc i‡n ]nSn-s®-SpØv ssZh-

Øns‚ t]cn¬ `cWw \S-Øm-\p≈

Hcp D]-I-cWw am{X-am-Wv. kaq-l-sØ

Ct∏mƒ ̀ cn-°p-∂Xv If-¶n-Xcpw {Iqc-

cp-amb hy‡n-I-fm-Wv F∂Xv icn-

Xs∂. ]t£ B ̀ c-W-sa√mw \S-Øp-

p-∂Xv a\p-jys‚ t]cn-em-Wv. Hc-fhv

hsc AsX√mw kl-\o-b-am-Wv. Cu

If-¶-ßfpw A{I-a -ßfpw ssZh-

Øns‚ t]cn¬ \S-Ø-s∏-SpI F∂Xv

G‰hpw \nμm-I-c-am-Wv. kw`-hn-°m≥

km[y-X-bp-≈-Xn¬sh®v G‰hpw PpKp-

]vkm-h-l-amb Imcy-amWn-Xv.

temI-sØ-hn-sS-sb-¶nepw aX-\n-b-

a-ßƒ cmjv{S-\n-b-a-ß-fmbn hcp-∂-

Xns\ hy‡n-]-c-ambn Rm≥ kwi-bn-

°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v B {]iv\sØ

k a o - ] - n ° p - ∂ - X n - \ p - a p - º m b n

Bh¿Øn®mh¿Øn®v AXn-s\-∏‰n

AKm-[-ambn Nn¥n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

(J-eo-^-Øp¬ akolv \mem-as‚

{]`m -j-W-Øn\v tijw \S∂

tNmtZym-Ø-c-th-f-bn¬ ̀ c-Whpw ico-

AØpw kw_‘n® \nc-h[n hnjb

ßƒ hniZoIcn°pIbp≠mbn.)

kqd: ^mØnl A√m-lp-hn -s≥d

c≠v ZnhyKpW-ßƒ {]Xn-]m--Zn-°p∂p.

(1) A¿d-lvam≥, (2) A¿dlow

tem-IØv A‘-hn-izm-k-hpw A{I-

a-hpw A\o-Xn-bpw A\m-Nm-c-ßfpw

hym]I-amIp-tºmƒ P\---ßƒ°v kXy-

am¿Kw ImWn®p sIm≠v Ah-cn¬

hnπ-hm-fl-I-amb Hcp BXvaob ]cn-

h¿-Ø--\w kwPm-X-am-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn

A√mlp Xs≥d dlvam\n-bØv F∂

kn^Øv aptJ\ {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn

Hcmsf \n›-bn-°p∂p. B Bƒ Jeo-

^--Øp-√mlv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂p. B

Jeo--^-Øp-√mlv Hcp \_n, Hcp

dkq¬ F∂ apdbn¬ temIØv

BXvaob ]cn-h¿ Ø\w \S-Øp-Ibpw

HcmXvaob Pam-A-Øn∂v AkvXnhmcw

CSp-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

DZm-l-c-W-ambn lZvdØv BZ-an-

(A)s\bpw lZvdØv Zmhq -Z n -

(A)s\bpw A√mlp Xs≥d {]-Xn-\n-

[n-I-fm-sW∂p hntijn∏n°p∂p.

AXm-bXv A√mlp lZvdØv BZan

(-A)-s\°p-dn®v ""`qanbn¬ Hcp {]Xn-

\n-[nsb (J-eo-̂ -sb) \nb-an°p-hm≥

t]mhp-I-bmWv F∂v \ns≥d \mY≥

ae-°p-I-tfmSv ]d-™ kμ¿`w (Hm¿

°pI) (2:31) F∂pw lZvdØv Zm-

hqZv(A)s\ Ipdn®v "A√tbm ZmhqZv

\mw \ns∂ `qanbn¬ {]Xn -\n[n

B°nbn-cn-°p∂p. AXv sIm≠v \o

\oXn]q¿Δw hn[nI-ev]n-°pI \o

kztb—sb ]n≥]‰-cpXv' (38:27)

F∂pw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ F√m {]hm-N-I-

∑mcpw -ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑mcpw A√m-lp-

hns‚ Jeo^-bpw {]Xn-\n -[nbpw

BIp∂p. ImcWw Ah-scm -s°

ssZh-{]m-Xn-\n[yw h-ln®p sIm≠v

Ahs≥d Iev]\-Iƒ°\p-k-cn®v

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p. Cu

{]hm-N-I≥am¿ aptJ\ k∑m¿K

Øns≥dbpw kXyam¿KØn-s‚bpw

_oPm-hm]w sNø-s∏-SpIbpw h≥a-c-

ambn hf-¿∂p-h-cnIbpw sNøp∂p.Aßs\ Cu {]hm-N-I∑m¿ aptJ\A√mlp Xs≥d ZnhyiIvXn {]I-S-am-°p∂p. Cu ZnhykvYm\w hmkvXh-Øn¬ F√m {]hm-NI≥am¿°pw ssZ-h-Zq-X∑m¿°pw \¬I-s∏-Sp∂p.

Cu {]hm-N-I≥am-sc√mw Xs∂a\p-jy¿ F∂ \n-e°v {]IrXymacWw hcn-°p-∂-h-cmWv. Ah-cpsShntbm-K-Øn\p tijw A-h¿ _oPm-hm]w sNbvXp \´p -h -f¿Ønb{]kvYm-\sØ AXns≥d ]cn-]q¿WZi-bn-se-Øn-°p-hm≥ Ah-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf A√mlp `qan-bn¬ \ntbm--Kn-°p∂p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn lZvdØvapl-ΩZv\_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsSJnem^Øn\p tijw lZvdØv A-_q-_-°¿(d) lZvdØv Da¿(d), lZvdØvD-kvam≥(d), lZvdØv Aen (d) F∂n-h¿ Xncpta\n-(k) bpsS {]mXn-\n[ywh-ln®p sIm≠v Jeo-^-am-cmbn kXy--hn-izm-kn-I-fm¬ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-́ -h-

cmWv.

Jnem-^ØvHcp imizX ssZhnI kwhn-[m\w

"Jnem-̂ Øv ' Hcp {]h-N-\-a√. A√m-lp-hns‚ hmKvZm-\-am-Wv. \p_q-Δ-Øn\v

XpS¿®-bmbn h∂ Jnem-̂ Øp dmin-Z°v ssZhn-I -hm-KvZm\ {]Im-c-ap≈

A\p-{K-l-ßƒ e`n-®-Xn\v Ncn{Xw km£n-bm-Wv.

apl-ΩZv Da¿, \mbn_v \mkn¿ AAvem, JmZn-bm≥

teJ

\w



lZvdØv hmKvZØ akolv (A)Acpƒ sNøp∂p: "Jeo^ F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿Yw {]Xn-\n[n F-∂mWv.Ah¿ BK-X-cmbn aX]-cn-jvIcWw --\-S-Øp∂p. \_namcp-sS Im-e-tijwA‘Imcw hym]n-°p-tºmƒ AXns\C√mbva sN-øp-∂-Xn-\mbn Ah-cpsS --ÿm-\Øp h-cp∂ B-fp-Iƒ Jeo-^-am¿ F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p. (a¬^q-

kmØv 4 t]Pv 383)

as‰mcp -ÿ-eØv FgpXp∂p:

"Jeo^°v {]Xn-\n-[n F∂v ]-d-bs∏-Sp∂p. Hcp {]hmN-Is‚ {]Xn-\n[nbYm¿Y-Øn¬ B {]-hm-NIs≥d{]Xn-Ombsbt∂mWw {]hm-NIs≥d]cn-]q¿WX-Iƒ X∂n¬ Dƒs°m--≈p∂ Bfmbn-cn°pw. AXv sIm≠mWvA{I-an-I-fpw t{Zmln-Ifpw Bb cmPm-°≥am¿°v "Jeo^m' F∂ ]Zwdkq¬ Xn-cp-ta\n{]tbm-Kn-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv; ImcWw J-eo^ dkq--ens≥d{]Xn-—m-b-bm-Ip∂p. (-i-lm-Z-Øp¬Jp¿-B≥, dqlm \nJkm-bn≥ 6 t]Pv353)

Jnem-̂ Øv kw-hn-[m-\sØ°pdn®vlZvdØv hmKvZØ ako-ln(A)-s≥dZznXob ]p{X≥ lZvdØv an¿km_io¿ AlvaZv (d) F-gp-Xp∂p: "hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-s≥d A[ym]\-ßfpw{]hmN-IXz irw-J-e-bpsS Ncn-{Xhpw]mcm-bWw sNøp-tºmƒ \ap°p{Kln -°p -hm≥ km-[n -°p -∂Xv ,A√mlp temIØv Hcp {]hm-N-I-s\tbm Xs≥d ZqX-s\tbm -A-b-°p-∂Xv Hcmƒ temIØv h∂v Hcp i_vZ-an´v (Xs≥d hmZw {]I-Sn-∏n®v) IS-∂p-t]mIpI F∂-Xn-\√. adn®v temIØvHcp {]hm-N-I-s\tbm ZqX-s\tbmAb-°p-∂-Xns≥d Dt±iyw, temIØvHcmflob ]cn-h¿Ø\w hcp-ØpIF∂XmWv. AXn\v _mly-amb co-Xn-bn¬ kpZo¿L-amb Hcp {]kvYm\-Øn-s≥dbpw Xp-S¿∂p≈ Xo{h-b-Xv\-Øn-s≥dbpw Bh-iy-ap≠v. a\pjym-bp v]cn-an-X-amb H-∂mWv. A-Xp-sIm≠vssZhn-I-N-cy-b-\p-k-cn®v Hcp {]hm-NIs≥d Xr°cw aptJ\ _oPm-hm]wsNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw B _oPsØ AXn-s≥d ]cn-]q¿-W-X-bn-se-Øn-°p-hm≥\_n-bpsS hn-tbm-K-Øn\p tijwAt±-l-Øn-s≥d Pam-A-Øn¬ \n∂v{]m]vXcpw kXy-hn -izm -kn-Ifpw -k¬°¿anI-fp-ambh-cn¬ \n∂v At±-l-Øn-s≥d {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn sIm≠vAt±lw XpSßn sh® {]h¿Ø-\-

ßsf ]cn-]q¿W--X-bn-se-Øn-°p-IbpwsNøp∂p. Cu {]Xn -\n -[n -IƒCkvemanI kmt¶-XnI {]tbm-K-Øn¬Jeo^ F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p. (Jm-en-Zv

amkn-I,- sabv 1960)

ChnsS A-√mlp Xs≥d dlo-an-

bØv F∂ kn^Øv {]I-Sn∏n-°p∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ \p-_pΔØv A√m-lp-

hn-s≥d dlvam\n-bØv F∂ kn -̂Øn-

s≥dbpw Jn-em-̂ Øv Ahs≥d dlo-

an -bØv F∂ kn^-Øn-s≥dbpw

_ln¿{]I-S-\-am-Ip∂p.

Cu Imcyw ChnsS Aev]w hnh-

cn--t°≠-Xp-≠v. a\p-jy≥ arKob Pohn-

Xw -\-bn-°m≥ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ Ahs\

a\p-jy-Xz-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥

A√mlp Xs≥d {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn Hcp

{]hmN-Is\ Ab-°p∂p. Cu {]-hm-

N-Is\ P\ß-f√ sXc-s™-Sp-°p-

∂Xv. AYhm Hcp {]hm-N-Is\ sXc-

s™-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ kzmX{¥yw B

ImeØp≈ P\-ßƒ°v \¬I-s-∏-Sp-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ DZm-l-c-W-ambn dkq¬

Xncp--ta-\n(k)-bpsS ImeØv P\-ßƒ

A_q-P-l-en -s\tbm A_qkq^n-

bms\tbm Bbn-cn°pw P\-ß-fp-sS

t\Xm-hmbn {]hmN-I-\mbn sX-c-s™-

Sp-°pI. AXpsIm≠v A√mlp Xs≥d

{]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn kzbw {]hm-N-Is\

\n›-bn®v Xs≥d i‡n {]I-S-am-

°p∂p. CXv A-√m-lp-hn-s≥d dlvam\n-

bØv F∂ kn-^-Øn-s≥d _mly-

amb {]I-S-\-am-Ip∂p. Aßs\ {]-hm-

N-I∑m¿ Ah-X-cn®v kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-

fp -sSbpw k¬I¿an -I -fp -sSbpw

]mh\hpw ]-cn-ip-≤-hp-amb Hcm-flob

Pam-AØv cq-]o-I-cn-°p∂p. ]n∂oSv

{]kvXpX {]hm-N-I≥ ZnhwK-X-\m-Ip-

tºmƒ A√mlp At±-l-Øn-s≥d

Jeo-^-sb sXc-s™-Sp-°p∂p. CXv

A√m-lp-hn-s≥d dlo-an-bØv F∂

kn^-Øn-s≥d _ln¿ {]I-S-\-am-

Ip∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Cu sX-c-s™-

Sp∏v ssZ-hn-I-amb Hcp G¿∏m-Sm-Ip∂p.

hmkvX-h-Øn¬ A√mlp Xm≥

Xs∂bmWv Xs≥d kXym-flm-°-

fn¬s∏´hcn¬ t{i-jvT\mb Hcmsf

Xs≥d {]hm-NIs≥d {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn

sXc-s™-Sp-°p-∂Xv. C-Xns\ Ip-dn-

®mWv A√mlp kqd-Øp∂q-dn¬

CkvXnJn-em^ns‚ F∂ B-b-Øn¬

(Xm≥ apºv D≈h-cn¬) kXy-hn -

izmkn-Ifpw k¬I¿an-I-fp-amb k-Xym-

flm-°-fn¬ J-eo^sb \n-›-bn-°p-∂-

Xm-sW∂v hm-KvZm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂Xv.

\p_pΔØn\p tijw Jnem-̂ Øv

kwhn-[m\w D≠mbn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬

A√mlp a\pjy Ipe-Øn-s≥d \∑-

°pw Bflo-tbm¬°¿jØn-\p-ambn

Hcp ]≤Xn Bhnjv°-cn-°p-Ibpw

AX-\p -k-cn®p Hcp {]hm-N-Is\

Ab®v AXv ê-{]m-]vXn-sb-Ø-p∂-

Xn\v aptº {]-hm-N-Is\ Xncn®p hnfn-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv

A√mlp ImWn-°p∂ A\o-Xn-bm-

sW∂v ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. AXp-sIm-

≠mWv Hcp {]hm-N-Is≥dbpw Jeo-

^-bp-sSbpw sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ {]IS-

amb A¥cw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. AXm-

bXv {]hmNIs≥d sXc-s™-Sp∏v

A√mlp t\cn´v \SØp∂p. ImcWw

A‘-Im-c -\n -_nV-amb Ime-L-´-

Øn¬ sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-Øp-hm-\p≈

tbm-Ky-X-bp≈ Hcp- P-am-AØpw D≠m

Ipambn-cp-∂n√. AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn Jeo-

-̂bpsS sX-c-s™-Sp∏v A√mlp kXy-

hn-izm-kn-Ifpw k¬--°¿an-Ifpw AS-

ßnb Pam-AØv aptJ\ \S-Øp∂p.

{]Xy-£-Øn¬ Cu sXc-s™-Sp∏v P\-

ß-fmWv \S-Øp-∂-sX-¶nepw CXns‚

]n∂n¬ A√m-lp-hn-s≥d CjvShpw

Xr]vXnbpamWv h¿Øn-°p -∂Xv .

Aßs\ kqd-Øp∂qdn¬ {]Xn-]mZn®

Jnem^Øn-s≥d A\p-{K-l-ßƒ Xnc-

s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Bƒ aptJ\ {]I-S-am-

°n-sIm-≠v A-√mlp At±-l--Øn-s≥d

kXy-w tem-IØv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p.

CXv kw_-‘n®v lZvdØv hmKvZ-Ø-

a-kolv (A) ]d-bp-∂p:

"Ah≥ (A-√m-lp) Cu {]ÿm-\-

Øn\v ]q¿W-amb ]p-tcm-KXn \¬Ip-

∂-XmWv. NneXv Fs≥d I-c --ß-

fneqsSbpw NneXv F\n°v tijhpw.

CXv ssZhn-I-amb Hcp Ncy BIp-∂p.

A-h≥ `qanbn¬ a\pjys\ krjvSn--

®tXmsSm∏w Ft∏mgpw A-h≥ Xs≥d

Cu kp∂Øv (N-cy) {]ISn-∏n®p

sIm≠ncn-°p∂p. Ah≥ Xs≥d {]hm-

NI∑mscbpw ZqX≥am-scbpw k-lm-

bn®psIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah¿°v -hn-

Pbw \¬Ip-Ibpw sN-øp∂p. -G-

sXmcp hnizm-k-hpw k-Xy-k-‘-Xbpw

temIØv hym]n -°p-hm≥ Ah≥

B{K-ln-°p-∂pthm AXns≥d _oPm-

hm]w AhcpsS ssII-fm¬ \S-Ø-

s∏-Sp∂psh¶nepw AXns≥d ]-cn-

]q¿WX Ah¿ aptJ-\-b√ \S-Øp-

∂Xv..... Ah≥ Xs≥d i‡n {]`m-h-

Øn-s≥d as‰mcp apJw ImWn-°p∂p.



Ah≥ Hcp ]cn[n-hsc {]Xy-£-

Øn¬ A]q¿W-sa∂v tXm∂n-°p∂

Hcp Imcyw Xs≥d km[-\- km-a-{Kn--Iƒ

aptJ\ ]cn-]q¿W-X-bn-se-Øn-°p∂p

(dq-lm-\n- J--km-bn≥ hm 20 t]Pv 303,

304)

hnip≤Jp¿-B-\nse A∂q¿

F∂ A≤ym-b-Ønse 56˛mw BbØv

CkvXnJvem v̂ F∂ t]cn¬ Adnb-

s∏-Sp∂p. {]kvXpX Bb-Øn¬ k-Xy-

hn-izm-kn-Ifpw k¬°¿an-Ifpw Bb

k÷-\-ß-tfmSv Ahcn¬ Ah¿°p

apºp≈ hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ A√mlp

Jnem-̂ Øv ÿm]n-®Xv t]mse-bp≈

Jnem-̂ Øv kwhn-[m\w G¿s∏Sp-Øp-

∂Xm-sW∂v hm-KvZm\w sNøp∂p. Cu

-Jn-em-^Øv hm-KvZm\w tkm]m-[n-I-

amWv. AXm-bXv kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw

k¬I¿an -Ifpw Bb k÷-\-ß-

ƒ°m-bncn°pw Cu Zn-hym-\p-{Klw

\¬Is∏-SpI. CXv {]h-N-\-a√, hmKv-

Zm-\-amW.v

{] -kvXpX ssZhnIhmKvZm -\ -

a\pkcn®v lZvdØv \_nIcow(-k)°v

tijw "Jnem-^Ø≥ Aem an≥lm

Pn\qΔØv' \p_pΔ-Øn-s≥d am¿K-Øn-

ep≈ Jn-em-^Øv ÿm-]nX-ambn.

C{Xbpw hnh-cn -® -Xn -\p -tijw

lZvdØv \_n-Icow(k)°v tijw

ÿm]n-X-amb \p-_p-ΔØn-s≥d am¿K-

Øn-ep≈ Jnem-^-Øns\ Ipdn®v

Aev]w hnh-cn°mw

lZvdØv \_nIcow(-k) Xncp-ta\n

X\n-°vtijw Xs≥d {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn

htc≠Xv Bcm-sW∂v ]d-™n-cp-

∂n√. F∂m¬ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-s≥d

A≤ym-]-\-ß-fpsS shfn®-Øn¬ C-

kvem-an¬ Jnem-^Øv kwhn-[m\w

D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw B kwhn-

[m\w CXc ù-XnI kwhn -[m -\-

ßsft∏mse IpSpw-_-Øn-s≥d ASn-

ÿm-\-Øntem at‰m ÿm]n-X-amIp∂

H∂m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn√ F∂pw Ah¿

Xocpam\n®p.

lZvdØv \_n-I-cow(-k) Znhw-K-X-

\m-b-t∏mƒ B ]pWymflm-hn-t\m-

Sp≈ AXn-c‰ A\p-c-‡nbpw `b-`-

‡nbpw \nanØw Xncp-\-_n(-k) h^m-

Øm-IpI F∂ bm-Ym¿Yyw Dƒs°m-

≈p-hm≥ Ah¿ k∂-≤-cm-bn-cp-∂n√.

XZ-h-k-c-Øn¬ lZvdØv Da¿(-d)-s≥d

Bth-ihpw lZv-dØv A_q-_-°¿(-d)-

s≥d km¥z\-hN\ßfpw CkvemwaX

Ncn-{X-Øn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. dkq¬

Xncp -ta -\n(k)bpsS h^m-Øn¬

AhnsS kwPm-X-am-bncp∂ kml-

Ncyw hf-sc k¶o¿Wambn-cp-∂p.

akvPnZp∂_hn-bn¬ lZvdØv A_q-

_-°¿ (d)s≥d {]-`m --j-W-Øn\p

tijw "kJo-^sb _\p-k-Cu-Zn'¬

A≥kmdpIƒ H∂n-®p IqSn aplm-Pn-

dpI-fpsS A-`n-{]mbw Bcm-bmsX

I≠v Xß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ Aao-dn-s\-

tbm Jeo-^-sbtbm \n-tbm-Kn-°p∂

Im-cy -Øn¬ N¿®-Iƒ \S -°p∂

hnhcw Adn™p. lZvd-Øv A_q-_-

°¿(-d) DSs\ lZvdØv Da-dn(-d)-s\bpw

lZvdØv A_q Dss_-Z(-d)--sbbpw

IqSn kJo-̂ - _\pkCu-Z-bn-te°v ]p-

d -s∏´p. Cu aq∂p alm -∑mcpw

AhnsS sN∂--t∏mƒ AhnsS hf-sc-

b-[nIw tIm-em-l-e-ßfpw _lfßfpw

\S -°p -∂-Xmbn°≠p. At∏mƒ

lZvdØv A-_q-_-°¿(-d) A-hsc

A`nkwt_m-[\ sN-bvXp -sIm≠v

aplmPocoß-fn¬s∏´ Hcmƒ Aaodpw

A≥kmdpI-fn¬s∏´ Hcmƒ At±-l-

Øn-s≥d klmbnbpw BIs´ F∂v

A-̀ n-{]m-b-s∏´p. Cu A`n-{]mbw tI v́

lZvdØv l÷m-_n_v\p ap≥Zn¿ Hcp

Aao¿ A≥-km-coß-fn¬ \n∂pw Hcp

Aao¿ aplm-Pn-co-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw sXc

s™Sp°-s∏Ss´ F∂v A`n{]m-b-

s∏´p. XZ-h-k-c-Øn¬ \S∂ kw`m-j-

W-ßƒ°p tijw A≥km-co-ß-fn¬

s]´ lZvdØv _iodn_v\p \pAvam≥

Xs‚ A-`n-{]mbw C{]Imcw sh-fn-s∏-

SpØn.

\n- w-ibw lZvdØv dkq¬ Icow

(k) Jpssdinhn`mKØn¬ s]´

Bfm-bn-cp∂p AXv sIm≠v Jpssdin

I-fn¬s]´ Bƒ Jeo-̂ -bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-

XmWv DNnXw F∂v A`n{-]m-b-s∏´p

sIm≠v XpS¿-∂v ]d™p. ""Xo¿®-

bmbpw Rßƒ (A≥-kmdpIƒ)

Ckvemwa-XsØ klm-bn®p sIm≠n-

cn-°p∂p. hnizmkw ssI sIm≈p-∂-

-Xnepw A{K-Km -an -I -fm -bn -cp -∂p.

RßfpsS e£yw ssZh{]oXn kºm-

Zn-°pI am{X-amWv. AXn\pff {]Xn-

êw Xßƒ°v Cl-Øn¬ e`nt°-

W-sa∂ A`nhmRvO

R-ßƒ-°p -≠m-bn -cp∂n√. AtX

{]Imcw Rßƒ Jnem -^-Øn -

s≥dbpw Camd-Øn-s≥dbpw Imcy-

Øn¬ ap-lm-PndpI-fmbn Ie-ln-°Ww

F∂ B{K-lhpw Rßƒ°n√.

lZvdØv \_n-I-cow(-k) Xncp-ta\n

"A¬- A-bnΩØp an≥ Jpssd-in≥

Jpssd-in¬ \n∂p≈hcm-bn-cn-°Ww

F∂p {]-kvXm-hn-°pIbp≠mbn. Cu

{]`m-j-W-Øn¬ {]`m-hn-X-cmb klm-

_m°ƒ GI-I-WvtTy\ Jn-em-^Øv

aplmPn-co-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cn-°-

W-sa∂v Xo-cp -am-\n®p. At∏mƒ

lZvdØv A_q-_-°¿ (d) "ChnsS

lZvd-Øv Da-dpw lZvdØv A-_q-D-

ss_Zpw Ccn∏p≠v Ah-cn¬ Hcmsf

C-jvS-s∏-SpI' F∂v A`n-{]m-b-s∏´p.

At∏mƒ "lZvdØv Da¿(-d), lZvdØv

A_q_-°¿ (d) ap-lm-Pn-co-ß-fn¬

{]Y-a-ambn ss_AØv sNbvX B-fm-

bn-cp∂p sh∂pw ku¿ Kp--l-bn¬ Xncp-

\ -_n( -k) -bpsS kl-Nmcnbm -bn -

cp∂psh∂pw dkq¬ Xncp--ta\n-bp-

sS(k)-bpsS A-`m-h-Øn¬ CamaØv

\n-∂p-sIm≠v \akvImcw A\pjvTn

°pI-bp-≠m-sb∂pw ]d™p. Cß-

s\-bp≈ khn-tij Kp-W-ß-fpsS DS-

a-bmb lZvd-Øv A_q-_-°-dn(-d)s‚

km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ a‰mcpw Xs∂ Jeo-

^-bm-Im≥ tbmKy-c√ F∂p ]d-™p-

sIm≠v lZvdØv Da¿ (d) A_q-_-

°¿ (d)s‚ Iøn¬ ss_ AØv

sNbvXp. A-Xn\p -tijw lZvdØv

A_p D -ss_-Zp√bpw lZvdØv

_iodn_v\p A≥-km-cnbpw ss_AØv

sNbvXp. AXn\p tijw \m\m-`m-

KØv \n∂pw P\-ßƒ Iq-´w Iq´-ambn

At±-l-Øn-s≥d Iøn¬ ss_AØv

sNøpI-bp-≠mbn.

Aßs\ hn-izm-kn-Iƒ GII

WvtTy\ lZvdØv A_q-_-°dn (d)s‚

Iøn¬ ss_-AØv sNbvXp.

At±lsØ Xß-fpsS Jeo-̂ bmbn

sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. At±lw kap-Zm-b-

Øn\p t\cn-tS-≠n-h∂ `bm-i-¶Isf

kam-[m\ am°n am‰n- Xo¿Øp. CXv

Jeo -^sb sXc-s™-Sp -°p -∂Xv

A√mlp Xm≥ Xs∂-bm-sW-∂-Xn-

\p≈ hy‡-amb sX-fn-hmWv. CXv

kw_-‘n®v lZv-dØv Jeo^-Øp¬

akolv kmenkv (dlv) Fgp-Xp∂p:

""Jeo^sb \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hmWv F∂mWv Rß-fpsS hnizmkw.Cu Imcyw P\-ßƒ°v hn´p sImSp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ X-ß-fpsS ZrjvSn--bnep≈ D∂X-\mb Bsf-bm-bn-cn-°pw P\-ßƒ sXc-s™-Sp-°pI. F-∂m¬ J-eo-̂ sb sXcs™-Sp-°p-∂XvA-√m-lp-hmWv. Ahs‚ sXcs™-Sp∏n¬ Hcp \yq\-Xbpw D≠m-bn --cn°pIbn√. P\-ßƒ \n mc-s\∂vKWn-®n-cp∂ Bsf A-√mlp sXc-



s™-Sp-°p∂p. ]n∂oSv A-√mlp At±-lsØ sXc s™--SpØv A-t±-l-Øn-s≥d a--l--Xz-Øns‚bpw KmwòcyØn-s‚bpw tim` shfn--s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. A-√mlp Xs‚ Znhy-i-‡n-Iƒ At±lwaptJ\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. A√mlpAt±lsØ Xs‚ aSn-bn-en-cpØnc£n-°p∂p. Aßs\ At±l-Øns‚FXn-cm-fn-I-tfmSv \nßƒ°v Ft∂mSvt]mcmS-m\p≈ i-‡n-bp-s≠-¶n¬t]mcmSpI F∂p ]d-bp∂p. Ct∏mƒCt±lw Fs‚ A`-b-Øn-em-Wp-≈Xv.CsX-ßs\ kw`-hn°p∂p. Jnem-^-Øn-s≥d Xnc-s™-Sp∏v A√m-lp--hns‚Aò-jvSa-\p-k-cn®mWv \S-°p-∂Xv(A¬^-k¬ 17 1967)

a\pjy≥ A-\ -iz -c -\√. G-

sX¶nepw Hcp Zn-hkw Ah≥ Cu

\izc-temIw Dt]-£n-t°-≠-h-\mWv.

Xs‚ Ah-km\ kabw kao-]ÿ-

am-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂p I≠ lZvdØv

A_q-_-°¿(-d) DΩsØ apl-Ω-

Znbsb°pdn®v D¬IWvTmIp-e-\m-bn-

cp-∂p. 13 lnPvdn P-am-A--Øn¬ BJn¿

Bcw-`-Øn¬ At±lw tcmK_m-[n-X-

\m-bn-Øo-cp∂p. 15 Zn-hkw tcmKw

_m[n®v In-S-∏n-embn. Xs‚ Ah--km-

\-Imew kao-]-am-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂v a-

\ - n -em -°nb At±lw lZvdØv

A_vZpdlvam≥ Hu^ns\ hnfn®v

Jnem--^-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v A`n-{]mbw

Bcm™p. AXn-\p-tijw lZv-dØv

Da¿(d) lZvdØv Dkvam≥(d), lZvdØv

Aen( -d) lZvdØv Xz¬l F∂o

{]apJ klm-_m°sf £Wn®p hcp-

Øn Jnem-^-Øn--s\-Ip--dn®v Ah-cpsS -

A`n-{]mbw Bcm-™p. A-Xn-\p-tijw

At±lw lZv-dØv Dkvam≥(-d)sb

hnfn®p hcpØn Xs‚ h-knbØv

FSp-°p-hm≥ Iev]n®p. At±lw ]d-

bp-∂-Xn-\-\p-kcn®v lZvdØv Dkvam≥

hkn-b-sØ-gp-Xn. AXm-bXv Xm≥ ta¬

Jeo -^-bmbn lZvdØv Dadn

(-d)s\ \n›bn°p∂p. {]-PI-fpsS

\∑sbbpw t£a-sØbpw ]cn--K-Wn®p

sIm-≠mWv Cu \n-b-a\w sNbv-Xn-cn-

°p-∂Xv.

Cu hkn -øØv FgpXnb-

Xn\ptijw P\-ßƒ°v hmbn®v

tIƒ∏n-°p-hm≥ At±lw I-ev]n®p.

]n∂n´ ITn-\-amb tcmKmh--ÿ-bn¬

Øs∂ shfn-bn¬ -h∂p. AhnsS Iq-

Sn-bn-cn-°p∂ P\-ßsf A`n-kw-t_m-

[\ sNbvXp C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hn-®p.

Rm≥ Fs‚ GsX-¶nepw _‘p-hn-s\-

b√ Jeo^bm°n \n¿ tZin®n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv . adn®v \n]p -W\pw A\p -` -

h⁄cpw Bb {]apJ hy‡n-I-fpsS

A`n-{]mbw Bcm-™-Xn\ptij-amWv

Cu Xocp-am-\-Øn-se-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv

Cu {]`m-jWw tI´ P\-ßƒ Xßƒ

Xm¶-fpsS Xocp -am -\sØ GI-I-

WvtTy\ kzoI-cn-°p∂p F∂v At±-

l-tØmSp ]d -™p. {]kvXpX

hknbØv 22 Pam-Zp¬BJ¿ 12 lnPdn

22-˛mw XobXn \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn. 23-

˛mw XnbXn lZvdØv A_q-_-°¿(d)

Znhw-K-X-\m-bn. Aßs\ A√mlp

lZvdØv Da¿ ^mdqJv(d) aptJ\

lZvdØv \_n Icow(-k) _oP-mhm]w

sNbvX Ckvemw F∂-sNSn°v

lZvdØv A_q-_-°¿ (d) Pe-tk-N\w

\S-Øn. AXns‚ hf¿®bn¬ Atlm-

cm{Xw I¿a-\n-c-X-\mbnØo¿∂p. AXn-

\p-tijw lZvdØv Da¿ (d) hns‚

Jnem-^sØ dmin-Z-bpsS kph¿W

Ime-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ sXc-

s™-Sp∏v thf A√mlp ho≠pw

BbsØ CkvXn Jnem-^n¬ h∂

hnjbw ho≠pw hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ {]I-

S-am°n ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp. lZvdØv

A_q-_-°¿ \S-Ønb sXc-s™-Sp∏v

icn-bm-b-Xm-sW∂v Ncn{Xw sXfn-bn-®p.

lZvdØv Da¿ (d) GI-tZiw ]Øv

h¿j-°mew Jnem-^-Øns‚ al-Xz-

]q¿W-amb ÿm\Øv D]-hn-jvS-\m-bn.

At±lw aqtJ\ AkwJyw ssZhn-I-

Zr-jvSm-¥-ßƒ shfn-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cp-

∂p. BbsØ CkvXnJvem^n¬

A√mlp Jnem-^Øv aptJ\ `bm-i-

¶sb \o°n kam-[m\w ]p\xÿm]n-

°p-∂-Xm-W∂ hmKvZm-\sØ Hcn-°¬

IqSn ]q¿Øn-bm°n ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-

Øp.

lZvdØv Da¿ (d) Xs‚ Pohn-

X -Im -eØv Xs∂ X\n -°vtijw

htc≠ Jeo^-bpsS Xnc-s™-Sp∏v

kw_-‘n®v aq∂v Znh-ksØ Ah[n

\n›-bn-®p-sIm≠v Hcp IΩn‰n cq]o-I-

cn-®p. lZvdØv Dkvam≥, lZvdØv

Aen, lZvdØv kpss_¿, lZvdØv

kA-Zv, lZvdØv A_vZp¿ dlvam≥,

lZvdØv Xz¬l F∂n-h-c-S -ßnb

Bdw-K-°-Ωn-‰n-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv.

lZvdØv Da¿(-d)s‚ h^m-Øn-∂p-

tijw At± -lsØ J_-d -S°w

sNøp-∂-Xn -\p -ap -ºmbn {]kvXpX

IΩn‰n AwK-ßƒ Hcn-SØv ktΩ-fn-

®p . BZy -ambn lZvdØv

A_vZpdlvam\n C_v\pHu^v Fgp-

t∂‰v \n∂v \ma-I-cWw sNø-s∏-´-h-

cn¬ BcmWv X¬ÿm\w Hgn-bp-hm≥

B{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ AhnsS

k∂n-ln-X-cm-b-h-cn¬ t{ijvT≥ F∂p

Icp-Xp∂ BfpsS t]¿ ]d-bpI F∂p

\n¿tZ-in-®p. CXv tI´v Aev]-t\cw

F√m-hcpw au\w Zo£n-®p. Ipd®p

ka-b-Øn-\vtijw ho≠pw lZvdØv

A_vZpdlvam≥(d) Fgp-t∂-‰p-\n∂v

Xm≥ Jnem-̂ Øv ÿm\w Hgn-bp-I-bm-

sW∂v ]d-™p. At∏mƒ k∂n-ln-X-

cm-b-h-cn¬ Xm¶ƒ Bsc-bmWv CjvS-

s∏-Sp-∂Xv At±-l-Øns‚ t]cv ]d-

bpI F∂-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´p. aq∂p Znh-k-

ßƒ°Iw lZvdØv A_vZp¿dlvam≥

(d) {]ap-J-cmb klm_m°-fp-ambn

IqSnbmtemN\ \S-Øn. CXv kw_-

‘n®v lZvdØv A_vZpd dlvam≥(d)

C{]-Im-cw cnhm-bØv sNøp-∂p:

""Rm≥ Xm¶-fpsS Iøn¬ ss_A

Øv sNøm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ ASpØ Jeo^-

bmbn Xm¶ƒ Bsc-bmWv CjvS-s∏-

Sp -I-sb∂v lZvdØv Dkvam-t\mSp

tNmZn -®p. Xm≥ lZvdØv Aen

( -d)°v ]cn -KW \¬Ip-∂p-sh∂v

At±lw ]d-™p. AtX-{]-Imcw

Rm≥ lZvdØv Aen (-d) sb X\nsb

hnfn®v Rm≥ Xm¶-fpsS Ibn¬

ss_AØv sNøp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ BcpsS

Iøn¬ ss_AØv sNøp-hm-\mWv

Xm¶ƒ CjvS-s∏-SpI F∂p tNmZn-®p.

At±lw lZvdØv Dkv am≥(-d)-bpsS

t]cp ]d-™p. ]n∂oSv Rm≥ lZvdØv

Ckvemw aX Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Jnem-^Øv dmin-Z-bpsS Ime-L´w

Hcp kph¿W-Im-e -L-´ -am -bn -cp -∂p. Cu Ime-L-´sØ

Ckvemans‚ aX-]-c-hpw cmjv{So-b-hpw kZm-Nm-c-]-chpw Bb

kpi‡ kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Dc-I-√mbn KWn-°-s∏-

ń-cp-∂p. Cu Ime-L´w {]Xy-£-Øn¬ 30 h¿jsØ Npcp-ßnb

Ime-L-´-ambn \ne-\n-∂p-sh-¶nepw AXv Ckvemw aX-N-cn-{X-

Øns‚ \nkvXp-eamb Ime-L-´-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p.


kqss_-dn(d) -t\mSp CtX-tNmZyw

Bh¿Øn-®-t∏mƒ At±lw lZvdØv

Aen( -d) As√-¶n¬ lZvdØv

Dkvam≥(d) F∂-`n - {]m -b -s∏ -´p .

]n∂oSp Rm≥ ]e klm-_m-°-tfmSp

At\z-jn-°p-Ibpw A`n-{]m-b-am-cm-bp-

Ibpw sNbvXp. `qcn-]£w A`n-{]m-

bhpw lZvdØv Dkvam-\v(-d) A\p-Iq-

e -am -bn -cp -∂p. ]n∂oS v lZvdØv

A_vZpdlvam≥(d) Fgp-t∂-‰v\n∂v

Rm≥ Fs‚ Ign-h-\p-k-cn®v Hmtcm-`m-

K-sØbpw kao-]n®v Jnem-^-Øns‚

Xnc-s™-Sp∏v kw_-‘n®v Ah-cpsS

A`n-{]mbw Bcm™p Hcp Xocp-am-\-

Øn -seØn F∂p {]kvXm -hn -

®psIm≠v lZvdØv Dkvam≥(-d)sb

Xs‚ kao]Øv hnfn -®p -sIm≠v

Xm¶ƒ A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw lZvdØv

dkq¬ (k) Xncp-ta-\n-bp-sSbpw Iev]-

\ -Ifpw lZvdØv A_q_°¿,

lZvdØv Da¿ (-d) F∂n-h-cpsS amXrI-

Ifpw A\p-k-cn®v \S-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v

{]Xn-⁄-sN-øpI F∂p ]d-™p.

At∏mƒ At±lw Xm≥ A√m-lp-hn-

s‚bpw lZvdØv dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n-

(k)bp-sSbpw Iev]-\-Ifpw lZvdØv

A_q-_-°-dn-s‚bpw lZvdØv Da-dn-

s‚bpw amXr-I-Ifpw A\p-k-cn®v

{]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ {ian -°p-∂-Xm-

sW∂v {]Xn⁄ sNbvXp. XZ\¥cw

lZvdØv A_vZpdlvam≥ (d) lZvdØv

Dkvams‚ (d) ssIbn¬ ss_AØv

sNbvXp. AXn-\p-tijw F√m hnizm-

kn-Ifpw Bt±-l-Øns‚ ssIbn¬

ss_AØv sNøp -I -bp -≠m -bn.

Aßs\ ho≠pw A√mlp hnizm-kn-

I-tfmSv sNbvX hmKvZm\w ]q¿Øn-bm-

°p-Ibpw apgp-h≥ kap-Zm-bsØbpw

Htc t\Xr-Xz-Øn≥ Iogn¬ kwL-Sn-

∏n-°p-Ibpw D≠m-bn.

Ct±l-Øns‚ Jnem -^Øv

ImeØv t{Zm-ln-I-fmb Nne hnπ-h-Im-

cn-Iƒ Jnem-̂ -Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn Iem]w

krjvSn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. CXv kw_-

‘n®v lZvdØv apkv-enlv auDuZv(-d)

Xs‚ "C…m-an¬ `n∂n-∏ns‚ XpS°w'

F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p≠v.

Cu Iem -] -Øn¬ lZvdØv

Dkvam≥ iloZm-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

CuPn-]vXv, Iq^, _kvd F∂n-hn-S-ß-

fn-ep≈ hnπ-h-Im-cn-Iƒ aZo-\-bn¬

{]th-in-®p. lZvdØv Dkvam≥(-d)s\

ilo-Zm-°n-b-Xn-\p-tijw aZo-\-bn¬

GI-tZiw Hcm-gvN-°mew hnπ-Im-cn-I-

fpsS t\Xm -hmb Km^Jn -_v\p

lm¿_v F∂-bm-fpsS B[n-]-Xy-amWv

\S-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. Abmƒ ]e Iev]-\-

Ifpw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. \a-

kv°m-c-ßƒ°v t\XyXzw \¬In-s°m-

≠n-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw Abmƒ C{]-

Imcw {]Jym-]n-®p.

"aZo-\m -\nhm-kn-Ifmbn-cn°pw

`cW I¿Ø-m°-fm-bn-cn-°p-I. Bcw`w

sXm´pXs∂ aZo-\m \nhmkn-I-fm-bn-

cp∂p Jeo -^-amsc sXc-s™-

SpØph∂n-cp-∂Xv. aZo-\m-\n-hm-kn-I-

fpsS A`n-{]m-b-a-\p-k-cn®v sXc-s™-

Sp-°-s∏´ Jeo-^-am-sc-bmWv apkvenw-

Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXv sIm≠v

Rßƒ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv,

\nßƒ°p c≠p-Zn-hkw Ah[n Xcp-

∂p. Cu c≠p Znh-k-Øn-\Iw Bsc-

sb-¶nepw Jeo-^-bmbn sXc-s™-Sp-

°p-I. A√m-Ø-]£w c≠p Znh-k-

ßƒ°v tijw Rßƒ Aen,

Xz¬^, kpss_¿ Cu aqh-scbpw

h[n-®p If-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu {]Jym-

]\w tI´ aZo\m \nhm-kn-Iƒ ]cn-

{`m-¥-Nn-Ø-cmbn Xß-fpsS `h-\-ß-

fn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-Øp-h∂v lZvdØv

Aen(-d)-bpsS ASpØp sN∂p. AtX-

{]-Imcw a‰p c≠p-t]-cpsS ASp°¬

{]Xn -\n[n kwL-ßsf Ab®p.

lZvdØv Xz≥lbpw(d) lZvdØv

kpss_dpw(d) Jnem-^Øv F∂

`mcn® Npa-Xe Gs‰-Sp-°m≥ Xøm-d√

F∂-dn-bn-®p. lZvdØv Aen(d) BZy-

amZyw hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-Ibp-≠msb¶nepw

P\-ß-fpsS kΩ¿Zhpw Bth-ihpw

]cn-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v Cu `mcw Gs‰-Sp-

°p-hm≥ k∂-≤-\m-hp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

Cu hnh-c-a-dn™ P\-ßƒ Iq´w-Iq-´-

ambn h∂v lZvdØv Aen(d)-bpsS

Ibn¬ ss_AØv sNbvXp {]iv\-]-

cn-lm-c-ap-≠m-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. lZvdØv

Aen (d) aptJ-\bpw A√mlp Ckvem-

an\vv ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw A`nhr-≤nbpw

t\Sn -s°m-Sp -Øp. At±l-Øns‚

Bflo-b-amb tXP pw _p≤n-km-

a¿Yyhpw aptJ\ ]e k¶o¿W

{]iv\-ßƒ°pw ]cn-lm-c-ap-≠m-bn.

Aßs\ Ckveman\pw apkvenw kap-

Zm-b-Øn\pw t\cn-tS-≠n-h∂ ̀ bm-i-¶-

Iƒ -im-¥n-bmbn ]cn-h¿Ø\w sNø-

s∏-´p. ho≠pw Jnem-^-Øns‚ A\p-

{Klw {]I-S-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Ckvemw aX Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Jnem-

^Øv dmin-Z-bpsS Ime-L´w Hcp

kph¿W-Im-e-L-´-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu

Ime-L-́ sØ Ckvemans‚ aX-]-c-hpw

cmjv{So-b-hpw kZm-Nm-c-]-chpw Bb

kpi‡ kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚ Imcy-

Øn¬ Dc-I-√mbn KWn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p.

Cu Ime-L´w {]Xy-£-Øn¬ 30

h¿jsØ Npcp-ßnb Ime-L-´-ambn

\ne-\n-∂p-sh-¶nepw AXv Ckvemw aX-

N-cn-{X-Øns‚ \nkvXp-eamb Ime-L-

´-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ apkvenwIƒ ]n∂oSv Cu

ssZhn-Ihpw A\p-Kr-lo-Xhpw Bb

CkvemanI kwhn-[m-\sØ hne-a-Xn-

°msX A[x]X-\-Øn-te°v hyXn-N-

en-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. X∂n anØw

sFiz-cy-Øns‚ ÿm\Øv A]-am-

\hpw, Poh pw HmP pw tXP pw

D≠m-bn-cp∂ ÿm\Øv \n¿÷o-h-

Xbpw kwPm-X-am-bn.

CØcw ssiYn-eyhpw hn`m-Ko-

Xbpw t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cp∂ ImeØv

lZvdØv \_n Icow (-k) Xs‚ Zmk\pw

Bflob ]p{X\pw Bb hmKvZØ

alvZn ako-lns\ Ab°psa∂ {]h-

N\w sNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

{]kvXpX {]h-N-\-a -\p -k-cn®v

Ckvemans‚ ]p\¿÷o-h\-Øn\pw

icn-AsØ apl-ΩZnøbpsS ]p\x

ÿm]-\ -Øn -\p -ambn A√mlp

hmKvZØ alvZn akolv lZvdØv

an¿km Kpemw Alv-aZv (A)s\ \ntbm-

Kn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

At±lw Acpƒ sNbvXp: Rm≥Hcp _oPm-hm-]-Øn-\p-th-≠n-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. B _oPw \S-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.AXp hep-Xmbn ]pjv]n®pw Imbv®pwh≥hr-£-ambn hf¿∂v AXns‚imJ-Iƒ temI-Øns‚ \m\m`mK-ß-fnepw ]S¿∂v ]nSn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.'

Cu {]h-N\w ]q¿Øn-bm-b-Xns‚

at\m-lc Zriyw temIw ho£n®v

sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. C∂v {]kvXpX

hr£-Øns‚ imJ-Iƒ 198 cmjv{S-ß-

fn¬ ÿm]n-X-am-Wv. Aßs\ Cu

{]ÿm\w temIØv Hcp -÷z -e -

i‡nbmbn ]ptcm-KXn {]m]n-®p-h-cn-

I-bm-Wv.


ChnsS R-ßƒ c≠p ]T-\-ß-sf-°p-

dn®p ]cm-a¿in-°m≥ B-{K-ln-°p∂p.

Ch ]q¿W-ambpw \q-X-\-amb Fs¥-

¶nepw B-ibw {]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xp-

sIm-≠√, a-dn®v Ch t\cn-´p≈ \nco-

£-W-ß-fp-sS ASnÿm\Øn-ep-≈-h-

bm-b-Xn-\m-emWv.

H∂m-a-Xmbn alm--\mb ssPh im-

kv{X-⁄\pw {]Ir-Xn-hm-Znbpw a\-x»m-

kv{X-⁄-\p-amb Po≥ ]obm-sP-‰ns‚

(1896 ̨ 1980) A-`n-{]mbsa-Sp°mw. P\n-

XI tImUnse GsXm-cm-i-bhpw ]T-

\hpw Pohim-kv{X-Øn¬ cqV-aq-e-

amWv. Zl-\-{]-{In-bsb At±lw -B-

e-¶m-cn-I-ambn FSpØpIm-´m-dp≠v.

inip-°-fpsS icoc-ßƒ ]mev kzmw-

io-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse a\- p-Iƒ

hnhcw kzmwio-I-cn-°p∂p. ]nbm-sP-

‰ns\ kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw -]-T\w

`£Ww Ign-°p-∂Xp t]mse kzm`m-

hn-I-amWv. 3

c≠m-asØ ]T\w A-en -k≥

tKm]v\nIv, B≥{Uq F≥ sa¬-

´vtkm^v, ]m{Sojym F≥. Iplm¬

F∂n-h-cp-tS-XmWv. Ah¿ inip-°-sf-

°p-dn®v ka-{K-amb ]T\w \SØn. 42

an\p´v {]mbw apX-ep≈ inip-°-sf-

°p-dn®v 30 h¿jw ]T\w \SØn. Ah-

cpsS ]T-\ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ kp-{]-

[m\amb \nK-a-\-ßƒ Ch-bmWv.

a) sXmń-en¬ \mw {]Xy-£-Øn¬

Im-Wp-∂Xv \njvI-f-¶\pw \n lmb-

\p-amb Hcp kr-jvSn-sb-bmWv. F-

∂m¬ bYm¿Y-Øn¬ \mw ImWp-∂Xv

CXp-h-sc-bp-≈-Xn¬ sh®v G‰hpw

henb a\- mWv. Cu {]]-©-Ønse

G‰hpw i‡-amb ]T-\-b-{¥-amWv.

b) a\p-jy-cmb \mw G-Xm\pw

]u≠v t{]m-́ o\pw Pe-hp--a-√msX as‰m-

∂p-a√. F∂m¬ \mw {]]©-Øns‚

Dev]-Øn-sb-°p-dn®pw Pohs‚ {]Ir-

Xn-sb-°p-dn®pw \sΩ kw-_-‘n®pw

Nne Imcy-ßƒ a\-- n-em-°m≥ {ian-

°p-I-sb-∂Xv a\pjy-{]-Ir--Xn-bpsS Hcp

`m-K-amWv.

c) a\p-jysc kw-_-‘n-t®-S-

tØmfw A`y-k\amWv Ah-cpsS {]-

IrXn. kwkv-Imcw B¿Pn-°m-\p≈

Ignhv \ΩpsS Po-him-kv{X-Øns‚

`mK-amWv. -]-Tn-°m-\p≈ {]tNm-Z\w

\ΩpsS kp{]-[m-\-amb klPhm-k-

\-bmWv. 4

A-cn-tÃm-ń¬ apX¬ Ccp-]Xmw

\q‰m-≠ns‚ Ah-km\w hsc GIt-

Ziw 2500 h¿j-ß-tfmfw \S-Ø-s∏´

KthjW-ßfpsS {]-[m-\-s∏´ \nK-

a\w Ch-bmWv. ]T\w PohnXw apX¬

B-cw-̀ n-°p∂p. AXm-bXv K¿ -̀[m-cWw

apX¬ a-\pjyPohnXw ap-gp-h≥ Xp-S-

cp-Ibpw ac-W-tØmsS am{Xw Ah-km-

\n-°pIbpw sNøp∂p. CXv {][m-\-

hpw kz-m`m-hn-Ihpw a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-

Øns‚ A-hn-`m-Py-L-S-I-hp-amWv.

Ggmw \q‰m-≠n¬ Ah-X-cn® hn-

ip≤ Jp¿B≥ C{]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

""\nßfpsS ̀ mcy-am¿ \nßƒ°v (H-cp)

Irjn-bn-S-am-Ip∂p. AXp-sIm-≠v,

\nßƒ B{K-ln-°p-∂-hn[w \nß-

fpsS Irjn -bn -S -tØ°v sN∂p -

sIm≈pI. \nßƒ°v B-h-iy-am-bXv

ap≥Iqń sNbvX v sh°p-I -bpw

thWw'' (2:224)

""A-h-\mWv K¿`mib--Øn¬ Xm≥

Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xpt]mse \nßsf cq]-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv'' (3:7)

kv{XoIsf Irjn-bn-S -ßtfmSp

]an®ncn-°p-∂Xv hfsc hy‡-amWv.

AXn-\m¬ ]T\w K¿ -̀[m-cWw apX¬

Bcw-`n-°p∂p. Cu ImcWw sIm≠m

Wv `m-cy-amsc Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-tºmƒ

A-h¿ imco-cn-Im-tcm-Ky-ap-≈-hcpw,

k¬s]-cp-am-‰-ap-≈-hcpw [m¿anIhpw

Bflo-b-hp-amb KpW-ßƒ Dƒs°m-

≠-hcpw B-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v Xncp\_n

(k) apkvenw -Isf D]tZ-in -®Xv.

AhtcmSv \√ \nebn¬ s]-cp-am-dp-

Ibpw thWw. F¶n¬ am{Xta

`mcym`¿Øm-°≥am¿°v Xß-fpsS

k¥m-\-ßƒ°v kwkvI-c-Wm-fl-I-

amb in£-Ww(-X¿_n-b-Øv) \¬-Im≥

km[y-amhq.

--in-ip-hns‚ hn-Imkw K¿`]m-{X-

Øn¬ sh®v \S-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v amXm-

hns‚ im-co-cn--Ihpw [m¿an-I-hp-amb

Ah-ÿ- kzm-̀ m-hn-I-ambpw inip-hns\

_m[n-°p∂p. C-°m-c-W-Øm-emWv

K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ ipNn-Xz-ap≈ `-£Ww

Ign-°-W-sa∂pw tZm-j-I-c-am-bXv D-t]-

£n-°-W-sa∂pw Ckvemw \n¿tZin-

°p-∂Xv. IqSmsX Ah¿°v imco-cn-

Ihpw [m¿anI -hpambpw

a‰phn[Ønepw tZmjw sN-øp∂ Ah-

ÿ-Iƒ Hgn-hm-°p-Ibpw thWw.

hnZym-̀ ymk hnN-£-W-∑mcpw ]fin-

X-∑mcpw ]T\w \n-c-¥-chpw A-‰-an-

√mØXpamb Hcp {]{In-b-bmsW ∂v

kΩXn-°p∂p. Cu hnjbhpambn

_‘s∏´ Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-ßƒ CXm.

\mep tNm-Zy-ß

fpw

hn-ip≤ Jp¿-B

s‚ adp-]-Snbpw

hnZym-`ymkw:

A_vZpƒ aPoZv, inlm_v AlvaZvB[p-\nI -hn-Zym-̀ ym-k

X-Øz-ß

ƒ:

hnip≤Jp¿ B

\pambn Hcp X

mc-Xay ]T\w


teJ

\w


""\o Rßsf t\¿am¿-K-Øn¬

\bn-t°-Wta. \o A\p{K-ln--®-h-cpsS

am¿K-Øn¬'' (1:6,7)

Cu{]m¿Y-\bn¬, {]m¿Yn°p

∂bmƒ a‰p A\p-{K-l-ßƒ°v ]p-dsa

X-\n°v Adnhv h¿[n-∏n-®p--X-cp-hm≥

bmNn-°p-I-bmWv F∂v hmKvZØ

akolv lZvdØv an¿kmKpemw

AlvaZ v (A) Xs‚ _dm -los\

AlvaZnøm (hmeyw 4) F∂ {KŸ-

Øn¬ FgpXn -bn -´p≠v. as‰mcp

{]m¿Y\ CXmWv.

""Fs‚ \mYm, F\n°v PvRm\w

h¿[n-∏n-®p-X-tc-Wta'' (20:115)

Cu Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-Øn¬ \-_n-

Xn-cp-ta\n(k)--tbmSpw F√m apkvenw

ItfmSpw Xß-fpsS ⁄m\w h¿[n-

∏n -®p -X -cm≥ {]m¿Yn -°p -hm≥

A\pimkn°p∂p.

F√m apkvenwIfpw ta¬ {]m¿Y-

\-Iƒ Xß-fpsS PohnXw apgp-h≥ \S-

Øp∂p. temI-Øp--≠m-bn-´p-≈-h--cnepw

D-≠m-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-am-b-h-cnepw G‰-

hpw henb ]finX\mb \_n-Xn-cp-

ta\n (k) t]mepw acWw hsc Cu

ZpB sNbvXp sIm≠n-cp∂p. CXv Nq-

≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv ]T\w F∂Xv A‰-

an-√mØ Hcp {]{In-b-bm-sW-∂mWv.

sXmń¬ apX¬ NpSe hsc \mw

⁄m\w t\Sn-s°m≠n-cn-°Ww. Xmsg

sImSpØ \_n-h-N\w Cu ho£-

WsØ A\pIq-en-°p∂p.

""Hcp hnizmkn kz¿K-Øn¬ F-

Øp-∂-Xp -hsc Xs‚ ⁄m\-k-

ºmZ\w ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂n√.''

F¥mWv \mw ]Tn-t°-≠Xv?

""F¥mWv \mw ]-Tn -t°-≠-Xv,

Ft∏m-gmWv \mw ]Tn-t°-≠Xv'' F∂o

-tNm-Zy-ß-fpsS N¿®°n-S--bn¬ a\pjy-

-kr-jvSn-∏ns‚ Dt±iyw ssZhm-cm-[-

\bn¬ apgp-Ip-I-bm-sW∂ \nKa\-

Øn¬ FØn-t®-cp∂p. ]t£ ssZ-

hsØ Bcm-[n-°m≥ ssZhØns‚

hnti-j-W-ßsf°p-dn®v \mw ]Tn-

°Ww. Ah kzbw {]I-Sn-∏n°p-∂Xpw

\mw ]Tn-°p∂p. Cu ]T-\-{]-{Inb

sXmń¬ apX¬ I_-dnSw hsc Xp-S-

cp∂p. F¥mWv \mw ]Tn-t°≠Xv

F∂ tNmZy-Øns‚ adp]-Sn°v th≠n-

bp≈ At\zj-W-Øn¬ hnZym-`ymk

hnN-£-W--∑mcpw ]fin-X-∑mcpw

A≤ym-b\ {]{Inb As√-¶n¬ ]mTy-

]-≤-Xn -sb-°p-dn®v hy--Xy-kvX-amb

]≤Xn-Iƒ°mWv cq-]w-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv.

kvIqfns‚ A-Xn¿Øn -°p -≈nem

bmepw ]pd-Øm-bmepw AXn¬ ]T-\-

Øns‚ F√m A\p`-h-ßfpw Dƒs∏-

Sp∂p. Ah ]Tn-°p∂ hy‡n-bpsS

am\-kn--Ihpw sshIm-cn-Ihpw km-aq-ln-

I-hpw km-º-ØnI hpamb {Iao-I-c-W-

Øn\v t{]cIamhp∂p. F∂m¬ ]mTy-

]-≤-Xn-sb°p-dn -®p≈ Jp¿-B-\nI

ho£-W-w IrXy-X-bp-≈Xpw A{]-

Imcw F√mw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-XpamWv.

CkvemanIho-£-W-Øn¬ Po-hnXw

F∂Xv GI-L-S-I-amWv. AXv tImi-

ß-fmbn hn`-Pn-°m≥ k-[y-a√. AXn-

\m¬ Ckvemw B{K-ln-°p-∂Xv Ing-

°n -s‚bpw ]Sn -™m-dn -s‚bpw

_u≤nI hn⁄m-\-Øm¬ kº∂-

amb Hcp ]m-Ty-]-≤-Xn-bmWv. eu-In-

Ihpw aX-] -c -hp -amb ⁄m\w

Ckveman¬ H∏-Øn-s\m∏w \n¬-

°p∂p. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn Ckvem

anI ]mTy-]-≤-Xn-bpsS knwl`m-K-hpw

hn-ip≤ Jp¿-B\pw kp∂Øpw lZo-

kpIfpamsW-¶nepw a\pjyPohnX-

Øn\v D]-tbm-K-{]-Z-amb F√m hnj-

b-ßfpw CkvemanI ]m-Ty-]-≤-Xn-bn¬

Dƒs°m-≈p∂p. Jp¿-B-\n-I-amb

]mTy-]-≤Xn ssZ-hØns‚ \maß-fp--

sSbpw hn-ti-j-W-ß-fp-sSbpw cq]-

Øn¬ ssZhw kzbw Bcw-`n-®-XmWv.

""A-h≥ (A-√m-lp) BZan\v F√m

(h-kvXp-°-fp-sS-bpw) \maßƒ ]Tn-∏n-

®p-sIm-SpØp'' (2:32) lZvdØv BZw

(-A) `qan-bn¬ ssZ-hØns‚ BZy-{]-

Xn-\n-[nbpw {]hm-N-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂p. A-

-t±lw aptJ\ kmºØn-Ihpw aX]-

c-hpw kmaq-ly-hp-amb Hcp a-l-Ømb

hnπ-h-ap-≠mbn. AXp-sIm≠v ssZhw

Xm≥ Xs∂ Xs‚ \ma-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n®p.

Cu kq‡-Øn¬ D]-bp -‡-amb

Ad_n ]Zw "Akvam-Av' F∂mWv.

AXn\v Xmsg sIm-SpØ A¿Y-ßƒ

D≠v.

ssZh-Øn-s‚ \m-a-ßƒ A-Yhm

hnti-j-W-ßƒ, {]Ir-Xn-bn-ep≈ hy-

XykvX hkvXp°-fpsS KpW-ßƒ

AYhm {]IrX-n \nba-ßƒ, `mj.

ssZh-Øn-s‚ \m-a-ßƒ A-Yhm hnti-

j-W-ßƒ

apºv kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]mse a\pjy

krjvSn∏ns‚ aptJym-t±iyw ssZh

sØ Bcm[n°emsW-¶nepw Bcm-

[\ tIhew B Nmc-ß-fn¬ HXp--ßp-

∂n√. ssZhn-I-hn-ti-j-W-ßƒ kzmw

io -I -cn -°p --∂-Xpw Bcm -[ -\bn¬

Dƒs∏Sp∂p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn ssZhw

Imcp-Wy-hm-\mW;v \mapw a‰p≈-h-

tcmSv IcpW Im-Wn-°Ww. ssZhw

s]mdpØpsImSp-°p-∂-h-\m-b-Xn\m¬

hn-ip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kq‡-ßƒ _p≤n-]-c-amb

{Ia-Øn¬ Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xmbn Hcmƒ°v \nco-

£n-°m≥ Ignbpw. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-s‚ Hcp

kq‡w hm-bn-°p-tºmƒ hmb-\-°m-cs‚ a\- n-

ep-Zn-°p∂ tNmZy-Øn\v ASpØ kq‡-Øn¬ adp-

]Sn ImWmw. ]ns∂ AXn¬ \n∂p≈ tNmZy-Øn\v

sXm´-SpØ kq‡-Øn¬ adp-]Sn Is≠Ømw.

hnip≤ {KŸw apgph≥ _p≤n-]-c-amb Cu {Iaw

\n-e-\n¿Øn-s°m≠v AXv hm-b-\-°m-cs‚ Xe-t®m-

dns\ km[y-amb D∂-X-\n-e-hm-c-ØnseØn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp∂p.



\mapw kl-Po-hn-Iƒ°v s]mdp-Øp-

sIm-Sp-°Ww -Xp-S-ßnbh. "AkvamAv'

F∂ ]ZØns‚ Cu hymJym\-Øn\p

D-t]m¬_-e-amb Hcp lZokv C{]Im-

c-amWv. ""ssZ-h-Øns‚ al-Ømb hn-

ti-j-W-ß-fp-ambn A\ptbmPy-am-b-h-

bmWv a\p -jys‚ G‰hpw \√

[m¿anI KpWßƒ.

Cu hnti-j-W-ß-fp-ambn a\-pjy¿

]cn-NnX\mhWw. AXp-aptJ\ a\p-

jy¿ {]m¿Y-n-°p-tºmƒ B {]m¿Y\-

°-\p-tbm-Py-amb ssZhnI hntij-

Wßsf A-`bw tXSp∂p. DZm-l-c-W-

ambn a\p-jy≥ ]m]s∏mdpXn°pw

Imcp-Wy-Øn\pw th≠nbmWv {]m¿Yn-

°p-∂-s-X-¶n¬ A-h≥ ssZh-Øns‚

s]mdp--Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h≥, Imcp-Wy-

hm≥ F∂o hnti-j-W-ßsf A`bw

tXSp∂p. km-Xzn-IX ssIh-cn-°m-

\mWv \mw {]m¿-Yn--°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXp-

ambn _‘-s∏´ ssZhnI hnti-j-W-

ß-fmWv \mw D]-bp-‡-am-t°-≠Xv.

{]IrXn \nbaw

{]]©i‡nIsf a\pjy\v D]-

tbm-K-s∏-Sp-tØ≠Xp-≈Xn\m¬ {]]-

©-Øns‚ apgp-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn\pw

B[m-c-amb Kp-W-[¿a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®-dn-

bm-\p≈ Ignhv ssZhw BZ(-A)an\v

\¬In. {]-]-©sØ ̀ cn-°p-∂Xv \n›n-

Xhpw am‰-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amb Cu \nb-a-

ß-fmWv. D-Zm-l-c-W-ambn A·n Pzen-

°p∂p. sh≈w Zm-l-i-a\w hcp-

Øp∂p. `qan AXns‚ A®pX-≠n¬

Xn-cn™psIm≠n-cn--°p∂p. Htc thK-

X-bn¬ Xs∂ `qan kqcys\ hew sh-

°p∂p. tImSm \qtImSn kwh-’c-ß-

fmbn Cu {]{Inb XpS¿∂p sIm≠ncn-

°p∂p. Cu ÿn-c-X-bn-emWv cm]-I-

ep-Iƒ amdp-∂Xpw kuc-h¿j-ßƒ ]q-

¿-Øn-bm-hp-∂Xpw. Cu -ÿn-c-Xm-XØzw

Xs∂-bmWv kuc-bp-Y-Ønse a‰p-{K-

l-ß-fnepw kuc-bq-YØn\v ]pdØpw

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv. kky-ß-fp-sSbpw

a\pjy-\-S-°-ap≈ P¥p-°-fp--sSbpw

hf¿®bv°pw \mi-Øn\pw \nZm\am-

bn--cn°p∂Xv Nne \nb-a-ß-fmWv.

hy‡n-I-f-S-ßnb kaq-lhpw cmjv{S

ßfpw `-cn-°-s∏--Sp-∂Xpw Nne \nb-a-

ßƒ°v hnt[-b-am-bmWv. {]IrXn \nb-

aßfpsS Cu am‰an√m-bva-bn-emWv

hnZym`ym-k-]-c-amb F√m ]ptcm-K-Xn-

bpw \nesIm-≈p-∂Xv. Cß-s\-b-√m-bn-

cps∂¶n¬ JtKm-f-imkv{X⁄∑m¿-

°pw {]]-©-L-S\m imkv{X⁄-∑m¿-

°pw kkyim-kv{X-⁄-∑m¿°pw ck-

X{¥im-kv{X-⁄-∑m¿°pw `n-j-Kz-c-

∑m¿°pw ùXnIhn⁄-∑m¿°pw

icoc- im-kv{X-⁄-∑m¿°pw. a\--xim-

kv{X⁄am¿°pw P¥p--im-kv{X-⁄-

∑m¿°pw Ah¿ I≠v-]n-Sn-®-sXm∂pw

Xs∂ I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ km[n-°p-am-bn-

cp∂n√. Cu imkv{Xo-amb ImcWw

sIm≠v ssZhw {]Ir-Xnsb kw_

‘n®v B-Z-(-A)an\p Aev]w ⁄m\w

\¬In.

`mj

`m-j-bn-√msX F√m kaq-l-Ønepw

Bi-b-hn-\n-abw A--km-[y-amWv. `mj-

bn-√msX am-Xm-]n-Xm-°fpw Ah-cpsS

a°fpw XΩnepw A[ym-]-Icpw hn--

Zym¿Yn-Ifpw XΩnepw Bi-b-hn\nabw

km-[y -a√. a\pjykaqlw _-[n -

ccpsSbpw aq-I-cpsSbpw Hcp kaq-l-

ambn amdpw. Hcp Xeapd-bn¬ \n∂v

A-SpØ Xeapd-bn-te°v hn-⁄m\w

]-I-cp-∂Xv `mj sIm≠\p{K-ln-°-

s∏´ GI Pohn F∂ Im-cy-Øn¬

tbm-Pn-°p∂p.Cu Hscm‰ ImcWw

sIm≠mWv a\p-jy≥ kmaqly Pohn

F∂v hn-fn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. a\p-jy-\m-K-

cn-I-XbpsS Bbnc°--W-°n\v kwh-

’-c-ß-fmbn hym]n®p In-S-°p∂

hn⁄m\w kzcq-]n-°s∏ńcn°p∂Xv

`m-j-sb∂ A\p-{Klw -ap-tJ-\-bmWv.

P¥p°ƒ apºp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse

Ct∏mgpw D≠v. CXp am-{X-a√ Nne a\x-

»m-kv{X-⁄-∑m-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬

`mj-bn-s√-¶n¬ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv t]mepw

Akm-[y-am-hpw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Hc-ta-

cn-°≥ a\-x»m-kv{X-⁄-\mb sP.-hn.

hm´vk≥ Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p. "Nn¥-sb-

∂m¬ Hcp D]-im-_vZn-I-amb kwkvIm-

c-am-Wv.' ho≠pw djy≥ a\-xim-kv{X-

⁄-\mb sehv ssh tKmkvIn ]d-

bp -∂p: "`mj F∂Xv \ΩpsS

kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb I≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-ßsf

am‰p-hm-\p≈ am[yaw am{X-a-√, AXv

kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw P¥p imkv{X-]-c-

ambpw AXp-ey-amb Hcp a\pjy khn-

ti-j-X-bm-Wv'.

Npcp°Øn¬ "Akvam-Av' F∂

Hcp efn-X-h-N-\-Øn¬ hnZym`ymk

Øns‚ F√m imJ-Ifpw Dƒs°m-

≈p∂p. AXm-bXv, aXhpw [m¿an-I-

Xbpw imkv{Xhpw atX-X-c-]-T-\hpw

`mjbpw.

F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈ ]T-\-sØbpw

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k) c≠p imJ-I-fmbn

am{Xw XcwXncn -®n -cn -°p∂p. (F)

C¬ap¬ AZvbm≥ (_n) C¬ap¬

A_vZm≥. AXm-bXv aX]-chpw atX-

X-c-hp-amb hn⁄m\w.

temI-sØ-hn-sS-bp-ap≈ hnZym-

`ymk ÿm]-\-ß-fn-te°v \mw ItÆm-

Sn -°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah {][m-\-

ambpw aX-]-c-amb ÿm-]-\-ßƒ (a-{Z-

-Iƒ) F∂pw atX-Xc ÿm]-\-ßƒ

F∂pw (kvIq-fp-Ifpw tImtf-Pp-I-fpw)

B-bn-́ mWv Xcw-Xn-cn-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂Xv

F∂v ImWmw. ]t£ hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ Akvam-Av F∂ efn-X-amb Hcp-

]Zw D]-tbm-Kn®p sIm≠v ]T-\-

Øns‚ F√m imJ-I-sfbpw Dƒs°m-

≈n®n-cp-°p∂p. GXv Xc-Øn-ep≈

hnZym -`ymk ÿm]-\-am -W-sX∂v

IW°n-se-Sp-Øn-ń√. ]mTy-]-≤Xn

Xocp-am-\n-°m≥ As√¶n¬ cq]-s∏-Sp-

Øm-\p≈, As√-¶n¬ \mw F¥v ]Tn-

°Ww F∂v Xocp -am -\n -°m-\p≈

tI{μ_nμp CXp am{X-amWv.

kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw C-hnsS Db¿∂p

hcp∂ tNmZy-an-XmWv. A-kvam-Av

F∂ ]Z-Øn¬ A\-`n -Im -ay -amb

]T\w Dƒs∏-Sp-∂pt≠m? DZm-l-cW

ambn h©\, tamjWw F∂o Ie-

Iƒ. AXn-\p≈ DØcw "C√' F∂p-

X-s∂-bmWv. ]T-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´

F√m Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ß-fnepw Cu

\ho-\-amb Bi-b-amWv hnh-£n-°-

s∏ńcn-°p∂Xv. A\-`n-Im-ay-amb Hcp

Imcyw X-\n°v ]Tn-∏n-®p-X-cp-hm≥ hn-

th-I-im-en -bmb Hcp a\pjy\pw

{]m¿Yn --°m≥ I-gn -bn√. Abmƒ

Aßs\ {]m¿Yn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

ssZhw Hcn-°epw Xs∂ Aßs\bp

≈ {]m¿Y\ kzoI-cn -°p -I -bn√.

C°mcyw hy‡am°p∂ c≠p lZo-

kp-Iƒ Xmsg sImSp-°p∂p. ""A-√m-

lphpw ae°p-Ifpw B-Im-i-`q--an--I-fn-

ep≈ F√mw Xs∂bpw amf-Øn-ep≈

DdpºpIfpw sh≈-Øn-ep≈ a’y-

ßƒ t]mepw {]tbm-P-\-{]-Z-amb

Adnhv P\ßƒ°v ]I¿-∂p-sIm-Sp-

°p-∂-h¿°mbn A-\p-{K-l-ßƒ°mbn

tXSp∂p.''(Xn¿anZn)

""Hcp KpWhpw sNømØ

hn⁄m\w ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ H∂pw

Zm\w sNømØ \n[nsb t]mse-

bmW.v'' atXXc hnZym-`ymk hn-N-£-

W-am-cpw D]-Imc{]-Zhpw k-lm-b-I-hp-

amb ]T-\-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv kwkm-cn-

°p-∂Xv.



\mw Fßs\ ]Tn-°Ww?\mw Fßs\ ]Tn-°Ww?\mw Fßs\ ]Tn-°Ww?\mw Fßs\ ]Tn-°Ww?\mw Fßs\ ]Tn-°Ww?

hnip≤ Jp¿B-s‚bpw lZokn

s‚bpw shfn-®-Øn¬ "F¥n\v \mw

]Tn -°Ww?' "Ft∏mƒ \mw ]Tn -

°Ww?' "F¥p \mw ]Tn-°Ww?'

F∂o tNmZy-Øn-\p≈ DØ-c-amWv

\ap-°m-h-iy-am-bn -´p -≈Xv. ]Tn -∏n -

t°≠ coXn Fßs\ F∂ \nebn¬

Cu tNmZyw N¿®-sNømw. hnZym-`ym-

k-Øns‚ coXnIsf kw_-‘n-t®-S-

tØmfw hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw lZo-kp-

Ifpw am{X-a√ B[p-\nI hnZym-̀ ymkw

t]mepw ]Tn-°p∂ Bƒ hn⁄m\-

Øns‚ DZm-ko-\\mb kzoI¿Øm-

hmbn ]T-\-co-Xn-Isf X≈n-°-f-bp∂p.

]T-\-Øns‚ F√m L -́ß-fnepw hnZym-

`ymk {]{In-b-bn¬ kPo-h-amb Hcp

{]Xn-_-≤X thW-sa∂v AXv i‡-

ambn ip]m¿i sN-øp∂p.

πm-t‰m-bpsS A`n-{]m-b-{]-Imcw

\n¿_‘w sNep-Ø-s∏´v t\Sp∂

Adnhv ]Tn -°p∂ Bfns‚ lrZ-

bsØ H´pw kzm[o-\n-°p∂n√. -A[ym-

]-\-Im-cy-Øn¬ \n¿_‘w D≠m-h-cp-

sX∂ A`n-{]m-b-°m-c-\mWv At±lw.

adn-®v, AXv Hcp hn[Øn¬ ck-I-c-am-

hWw. At∏mƒ hnZym¿Yn -bpsS

kzm`m-hn-I-amb hmk-\-Iƒ Is≠-

Øm≥ \nßƒ {]m]vX-cmIpw. hnZym-

`ym-kØn¬ -I-fn-bpsS {]m[m-\y-sØ-

°p-dn®v "\nbaw' F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬

At±lw Du∂n-∏-d-™n-´p≠v.

B[p -\nI hnZym -`ym -k-Øn¬

t{]m{Kmw sNbvX AYhm Nn´-s∏-Sp-

Ønb hnZym-`ym-k-sØ-°p-dn®v \mw

kwkm-cn-°p∂p. ]t£ AXv ]pXn-b-

sXm-∂p-a√. hn-ip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kq‡-

ßƒ _p≤n-]-c-amb {Ia-Øn¬ Nn´-

s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xmbn Hcmƒ°v \nco-£n-

°m≥ Ignbpw. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-s‚

Hcp kq‡w hm-bn-°p-tºmƒ hmb-\-

°m-cs‚ a\- n-ep-Zn-°p∂ tNmZy-

Øn\v ASpØ kq‡-Øn¬ adp-]Sn

ImWmw. ]ns∂ AXn¬ \n∂p≈

tNmZy--Øn\v sXm´-SpØ kq‡-Øn¬

adp-]Sn Is≠Ømw. hnip≤ {KŸw

apgph≥ _p≤n-]-c-amb Cu {Iaw \n-

e-\n¿Øn--s°m≠v AXv hm-b-\-°m-

cs‚ Xe-t®m-dns\ km[y--amb D∂-X-

\ n - e -h m - c -ØnseØn -°p -Ibp w

sNøp∂p. Cu AZv`p-X-{KŸw ]T-\-

Øns‚ c≠p {] -[m\ coXn -Iƒ

Dƒs°m-≈p∂p. (F) {]Xn -êw

Imw£n®pw in£ `b∂pw ]Tn-°pI

(1:7) (_n) Hcp amXr-Isb ]n-¥p-S¿∂p

]-Tn-°pI (1:7 ; 33:22, 62:3), 68:5) AXp-

t]mse EPphpw {lkz-hp-amb coXn-

bn¬ ]Tn-°m≥ hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥

\sΩ ]-Tn-∏n-°p∂p. (1:6). AXv \tΩmSv

Nn¥n-°m\pw Imc-W-am-cm-bm\pw

A\p-im--kn-°p∂p. "Nn¥n--°pI', "\nß-

sf-¥mWv Nn¥n-°m-ØXv'? XpS-ßnb

\nc-h[n kq‡-ßƒ hnip≤ Jp¿-B-

\n¬ \nd-™p-In-S-°p∂p. A‘-ambn

A\p-I-cn-°-p∂-Xns\ hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ A]-e-]n-°pbpw AXv Ahn-izm-

kn-I-fpsS hgn-bm-sW∂v kqNn--∏n-°p-

Ibpw sNøp∂p. (2:171) hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ a\- m-£n- kzmX{¥yw ÿm]n

°p∂p. \njv]-£-ambpw kzmX-{¥y-

ambpw hy‡n-]-c-ambn Nn¥n®pw Xocp-

am-\-sa-Sp -°m≥ AXv A\pimkn-

°p∂p .(34:47) AXv _p≤n°v hfsc

{]m[m\yw \¬Ip-Ibpw AXns\ \∑-

bpsS [mcm-fn-Ø-ambn hnh-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p. (2:270) - hy‡n-I-fpsS

{]m[m\yw IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-∂p-sh-

¶nepw kaq-l-Øns‚ ]¶ns\ Ah-K-

Wn-°p-∂n√ (9:119) km[m-cW P\-ß-

fpsS s]cp-am-‰sØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm≥

alm-∑m-cmb hy‡n-Iƒ hln® ]¶n-

s\bpw Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂n√. A-h-cpsS

]T-\sØ t{]m’m-ln -∏n -°pbpw

sNøp∂p. (1:7), (3:50), 28:32, 33), (33:22),

(60:5), (62:3), (68:5).

P¿a≥ hnZym-`ymk hn-N-£-W-

\mb s{Û-dnIv t^m¿_¬ "In‚¿

Km¿´≥' hnZym-`ymk k{º-Zmbw 1862

¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n®p. Cu k{º--Zm-b-Øn-

e[n-jvTn-X-amb BZysØ kvIqƒ

P¿a-\n-bnse ªm¶≥ _¿Kn¬ Bcw-

`n®p. Cu k{º-Zmb-amWv Bdm-bncw

h¿j-ß-ƒ°v apºv ssZhw ]Tn-∏n®Xv.

-- Bdm-bncw (2:32) AXm-bXv πmt‰m-hn\v

F{X-tbm apºv.

IWn -i -ambn ]d -™m¬ Hcp

hnZym`ymk hnN-£-Wt\m a\--»m-kv{X-

⁄t\m As√-¶nepw Xs‚ hy‡n-]-

c-amb A\p-`-h-Øns‚ sh-fn-®-Øn¬

Cu \q‰m-≠nse alm-\mb imkv{X-

⁄-\mb B¬_¿ v́ sF≥Ão≥ (1879

˛ 1955) hnZym-`ymkw `bØn--s‚tbm

_e-{]-tbm-K-Øn-s‚tbm A-Sn-ÿm-\-

Øn-em-h-cp-sX∂v a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp∂p.

(1936).

F∂ kw-_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw G-

‰hpw tami-am-bn-tXm-∂p∂ Imcyw ̀ b-

Øn-s‚tbm \n¿_-‘-Øn-s‚tbm

XØz-Øn¬ kvIqƒ {]h¿Øn-°-cp-

sX -∂mWv. AØcw at\m -`mhw

hnZym¿YnbpsS hnIm -c -sØbpw

Bflm¿Y-X-sbbpw Bfl-hn-izm-k-

sØbpw \in-∏n-°p∂p. AXv hg-ßn-

s°m-Sp-°p∂ hnjbw Dev]m-Zn-∏n-

°p∂p.7

b-Ym¿Y-amb B¥-cnI {]-tNm-Z-

\an√msX A[n-Im-c-ÿsc `-b∂v kv-

Iq-fn¬ hfsc Ipd™ ss\]pWyw

am{Xta ssI-h-cn-°p-I-bp≈q. ]T-\-

Im-cy-Øn¬ \n¿_‘w sNep-Ø-cp-

sX∂v hnZym-`ymk hn-N-£-W-cpw

Zm¿i-\n-Icpw a\-x»m--kv{X-⁄cpw ]d-

bp-tºmƒ AsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈

hnt\m-Z-I-c-am-bn-cn°Ww. F∂m¬

]Tn-Ø-Øn¬ t{]cW thW-sa∂p Xd-

∏n®p ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Ign™

c≠p-\q-‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ icoc imkv{X-

⁄¿ Abm≥ s]t{Sm -hn® v

]mhvtemhv 1849 ˛ 1936). Ata-cn-°≥

hnZym -`ymk a\x»m -kv {X -⁄≥

FtUz¿Uv eo tXmt≠°-°pw (1847

˛ 1949) t{]c-Wm-[n-jvTn[ t_m[-\sØ

hfsc i‡-ambn Du∂n -∏ -

d™p.Ah¿ sshhn-[y-am¿∂ tPmen

Iƒ arK-ßƒ°pw a\p-jy¿°pw

\¬In. F¥v tPmen-bmWv Ah¿ Xß-

fpsS ]Tn-Xm-°ƒ°v \¬In-b-sX∂v

t\mt°-≠-Xn√. BZyw Ah¿ t{]c-

W-s∏-SpØn. ]ns∂ ]T-\-Im-e-L´w

apgp-h≥ Ah¿ B tPmen XpS¿∂p.

(Contemporary School of Psychol-ogy) Cu hkvXpX B¿_¿´v

sF≥Ão-\pw a\- n-embn.

""]t£, F√m t\´ -Øn\pw

]n∂n¬ AXn-s‚ ASn-Ø-d-bmbn Hcp

t{]c -I -i --‡n -bp≠v. Gs‰ -SpØ

{]hrØn k^-e-am-°m≥ AXv i‡n-

bm¿÷n-°p-Ibpw ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°--s∏-

Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. kvIqfnem-hs´,

Pohn-X-Øn-em--hs´ G‰hpw {][m-\-amb

t{]cW {]hr-Øn-bn-ep≈ k¥p-jvSn-

bnepw AXns‚ ê-Øn-ep≈ k-

¥pjvSnbn-ep-amWv''8

arK-ßƒ°pw sNdn-b-Ip-́ n-Iƒ°pw

`£Ww As√-¶n¬ sNdnb co-Xn-bn-

ep≈ {]iwk \¬In t{]cW sNep-

Øm-hp -∂-XmWv. F∂m¬ hf¿®

{]m]n® Ipń -Iƒ°pw apXn¿∂-

h¿°pw AXv êw sNøn√. Cu ]Tn-

Xm-°sf ]q¿W-ambpw k-Poham-

°m\pw i‡-ambn t{]c-W-sN--ep-

Øm\pw Ah¿ h-fsc D∂-X-amb Hcp



ÿm]-\-Øn-emWv -tN¿∂ncn°p∂-sX-

∂-hsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-ØWw. A[ym-

]-I¿ bYm¿Y ]fin-X-∑mcpw G‰hpw

]ptcm -K -\m -fl-I -amb A[ym -]\

coXnssI-sIm-≠-h-cp-am-bn-cn-°Ww.

GsXmcpt±iysØ ap≥\n¿Øn -

bmtWm Xßfo ÿm]-\ -Øn¬

tN¿∂Xv B Dt±--iysØ k-^-eo-I-cn-

°p-Ibpw thWw. Cu Imcy-ß-fn¬

Ah¿ kwXr]vXcs√¶n¬ ]Tn-Ø-Øn-

ep≈ Ah-cpsS Xmev]cyw Xmt\

\new-s]mØpw. C\n \ap°v ]T-\-

Øn¬ t{]cW sNep-Øp∂ Imcy-

Øn¬ hn-ip≤ Jp¿-B≥ sh-fn®w ho-

ip -∂pt≠m C√tbm F∂v ]cn -

tim[n°mw. Xo¿®-bmbpw t{]cW

sNepØp∂p F∂mWv DØcw. ]T-

\-Øn¬ t{]c-W-bpsS ]¶p-≈-Xp-

sIm≠mWv ssZhw aqkm-\_n (A)

ap-tJ-\ Cßs\ {]m¿Yn-°m≥ \sΩ

]Tn-∏n-®Xv. "Fs‚ \mYm, F\n°p

th≠n Fs‚ lrZbw \o Xpd-∂p-X-

tcWta'(20:26) lrZ-b-Øns‚ Xpd-

°¬ F∂Xv t{]cW sNep-ØWw

F∂ A¿Y-Øn-emWv. C°m-c-W-Øm-

emWv B-ZysØ bYm¿Y A-[ym-]-I-

\mb ssZhw F√mw Adn--bp-∂-h-\mbn

hnh-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv (2:2) AXp-

sIm≠p Xs∂-bmWv \_n Xncp-ta\n

(k) X-Øz-⁄m\w ]Tn -∏n -°p∂

A[ym-]-I-\mbpw hnh-cn-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-

∂Xv. ""Ah\s{X A-£-c-⁄m-\-an-

√mØ B P\-X-bn¬ (A-d-_n-I-fn¬)

Ah-cn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp ZqXs\ Fgp-

t∂-ev]n-®n-´p-≈Xv. B Zq-X≥ Xs‚

hN-\-ßƒ A-h¿°v hmbn®p tIƒ-

∏n--°p-Ibpw A-hsc ip≤o-I--cn-°p-

Ibpw A-h¿°v {KŸhpw XØz-⁄m-

\hpw ] -Tn -∏n®psImSp -°p -Ibpw

sNøp∂p; C-Xn\p apºv Ah¿ kv]jvS-

amb hgntISnem-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw''

(62:3)

hn-ip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]cp-]q¿W {K-

Ÿ-amWv. A-Xn¬ kwi-b-tam \yq\-

Xtbm C√. AXv ]Tn-°p-∂-hs\ A-

√mlp A¥n-a-e-£y-Øn-se-Øn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp∂p (2:3) Cu kq‡-ßƒ

\n¿tZ-in-°p-∂Xv hn-Zym-`ym-k-Øn\v

]≤Xn-bn-Sp-∂-h¿ Cu hgn°v ]-≤-

XnbnSpIbpw hnZym-`ymk ÿm]\w

\S-Øn-s°m≠pt]mI-W-sa∂pamWv.

AXm-bXv Cu ÿm-]-\-ßƒ \yq\-X-

I-fn¬ \n∂v hnap--‡hpw AhnSß-

fnse A[ym-]-I¿ ]fin-X-∑mcpw ]-

Tn-∏n-°m≥ {]m]vX-cp-am-bn-cn°-W-sa-

∂p-amWv.

Xß-fpsS Ipń-I-sf hf¿Øp-∂-Xnepw Ah¿°v hnZym-`ymkw \¬Ip-∂-Xnepw amXm-°ƒ°v ]¶p-s≠∂phnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p∂p.F-s¥-∂m¬ am-Xm-°-fmWv Xß-fpsSa°sf G‰hpw kvt\-ln-°p-∂XpwG‰hpw ASp-Øp-\n¬°p-∂Xpw. F√mA[-ym-]-Icpw Xß-fpsS hnZym¿Yn-I-tfmSv ASpØp \n¬-°p-Ibpw Ah-tcmSv kvt\-l-]q¿hw s]cp-am-dp-IbpwsNøWw. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ CuImcyw Ah-K-Wn°p∂n√. ssZh-\n¿tZ-i-{]-Imcw C-{_mlnw \_n(-A)bpw(2:261) aqkm \_n(-A)bpw(20:18˛50), (27˛8˛13), (28:32˛33), Cukm-\-_n(-A)bpw (3:50) \_n Xncp-ta\n(k) bpw (9:128) (15:89) Xß-fpsS A\p-bm-bn-Isf hfsc kvt\-l-tØmsS]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cp-ambn ASpØ_‘w ]pe¿Øp--I-bp-ap-≠mbn.

ta¬ hnh-cn® ]T-\-co-Xn-Iƒ°v]pdsa hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Iptd-°qSn]pXp-a-bm¿∂ ̂ e-{]-Z-amb A[ym-]\-X-{¥--ßƒ kqNn-∏n-®n-́ p≠v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn hn-Zym¿Yn-Iƒ A[ym-]-IscA\pkcn-°-Ww, £a ssIs°m-≈-Ww, ]Tn-∏n°ptºmƒ tNmZy-ßƒtNmZn -°-cpXv F∂nh (18:66˛71).Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ A®-S°Øn\v

hn-cp-≤-am-b-ncn°pw. A[ym-]-Is\ XS- -s∏-Sp-Ø-emIpw. hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ°vkzbw _p≤n {]tbm-Kn-°m-\p≈ Ah-kcw \jvS -s∏ -Sp∂p. CsX√mw{]m]vXhpw ̂ e-{]-Zhpamb ]T-\-Øn\vA\nhmcyamWv.

F-√m-hn -[-Ønepw -]q¿W-ambhnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ hn-Zym¿Yn-I-fn¬ am-{X-a√ t{]cW sNep-Øp-∂Xv. A[ym-]-I--cnepw amXm-]n-Xm-°--fnepw t{]cWsN-ep -Øp∂p. a\p -jy -¿ aÆn¬\n∂mWv \n¿an-°-s∏´sX∂v hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. (3:60, 18:38) I--fn -a-Æn¬\n∂pw (7 :13) apń-bm¬ apg-ßp∂DW-ßnb IfnaÆn¬ \n∂pw (15:29,55:15). a\pjys\ aÆpambpw Ifn-a-Æp-ambpw XmcXay--s∏SpØm≥ ImcWwCh hfsc Ffp-∏-Øn¬ hyXy-kvX-cq-]-ß-fmbn cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ignbp-∂-Xp -sIm -≠mWv. AtX-t]msea\pjys\ hnhn[ tPmen-Iƒ-°mbnhnZym-`ymkw sNøn-°m\pw ]cn-io-en--∏n-°m\pw km[y-amWv. F{XthKw]cnio-e\w \¬-Ip-∂pthm A{Xh-enb hnPbw t\Sp∂p. F-s¥-∂m¬in-ip-°ƒ K¿`-[m-c-W-tØmsS Xs∂]T\w Bcw-`n-°p∂p. Hcp -km-[m-cWiniphns\ ]q¿W-\n-b-{¥-Wm-hm-Im--i-tØmsS -X -\nbv°v \¬Ip -I -bmsW¶n¬ Xm≥ Ahs\ tUmIvS-tdm\nb-a-⁄t\m Hcp I≈t\m B°m-sa-∂mWv Ata-cn-°≥ a-\-x-»m-kv{X-⁄-\mb sP._n. hm´v-ks‚ A-`n{-]mbw CXv ta¬hn-h-cn® hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-tfmSv tbmPn-°p∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ GXv ]T-\-kn-≤m-¥-tam A[ym-]\ coXntbm a\p-jy≥cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmepw k¶-ev]n-®mepwXØz⁄m-\-Øns‚ F√m thcp-IfpwXØz⁄m-\ -Øns‚ {KŸ-ambhnip≤ Jq¿B\n¬ \nßƒ°vIs≠Øm≥ Ignbpw.

(Review of Religions, December 2004)

hnh: sI.hn. l- ≥ tImb

3.Alison Goprik, Androw Meltzoff Patriha N Kaul TheScientist in the Crib William Marrow & Co. Inc. Newyork N.Y USA PP 27- 28. 4.Ibid page 1 - 8, 5.Mirza GhlulamAhmad, Roohani Khazain, The London Mosque London,U.k. 1984 Vol. 1 PP 502 - 505, 6.Vygotsky Lev. The sci-entist in the Crib William Marrow & Co., Inc New yourk,N.Y. U.S.A. Page 19.,7.Einstein, A Ibert. Out of my lateryears wings Books, New york N.Y., U. S. A., 1956 Page31.,8.Ibid PP 31-33

Xß-fpsS Ipń-I-sf hf¿Øp-∂-Xnepw

Ah¿°v hnZym-`ymkw \¬Ip-∂-Xnepw

amXm-°ƒ°v ]¶p-s≠∂p hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p∂p. F-s¥-∂m¬ am-

Xm-°-fmWv Xß-fpsS a°sf G‰hpw

kvt\-ln-°p-∂Xpw G‰hpw ASp-Øp-

\n¬°p-∂Xpw.



Ah-km-\-Im-e-w F∂v CkvemanI

kmln-Xy-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp -

L-́ -Øn-emWv \mw C∂v Pohn-°p-∂Xv.

Cu Ime-L-´-Øns‚ e£Wambn

{]hm-N-I≥ (k) \tΩmSv ]d-™n-cp∂

AS-bm-f-ßƒ hni-Zo-I-c-W-am-h-iy-an-

√m-Ø-hÆw ]pe¿∂v sIm≠ncn°p∂p.

AXn¬ Hcp {]h-N\w am{Xw hni-Zo-

I-cn-°p-I-bmWv.

\_n(k) ]d-bp∂p: ""_\q Ckv-

dm-Cu-en-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ apgph≥ Xn∑-

Ifpw NmWn\p NmsW-t∂mWw Fs‚

kap-Zm-b-Øn-epw D≠m-Ip-∂-XmWv.

F{X-tØm-f-sa-∂m¬ kz¥w amXm-

hns\ ]c-ky-ambn hy`n-N-cn-°p-∂-h¿

Ah-cn-ep-s≠-¶n¬ AXv sNøp-∂-hcpw

Fs‚ kap-Zm-b-Øn-ep-≠mIpw, Xo¿®.

_\q Ckvdm--Cu¬ F-gp-]-Øn-c≠v

hn`m-K-ambn ̀ n∂n®p. tijw Fs‚ k-

ap-Zmbw Fgp-]-Øn-aq∂v hn`m-K-ambn

`n∂n°pw. Hcp hn`mKw HgnsI a‰p

apgp-h≥ I£n-I-fpw \-c-IØn-em-bn-

cn°pw. kzlm-_Øv tNmZn®p. AXv

GXv hn`m-K-amWv A√m-lp-hns‚

ZqXsc? \_n (k) ]d™p: Rm\pw

A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw G-Xn-emtWm AXnep

≈h¿'' (Xn¿anZn ˛ 2779)

AXn-{]-[m-\-amb aq∂v hnj-b-ß-

fmWv \_n(-k) C-hnsS ]cm-a¿in-°p-

∂Xv.

1. ap≥kap-Zm-b-Øn-ep≠mb apgp-

h≥ Xn∑-Ifpw Cu kap-Zm-b-Øn-ep-

ap≠mIpw.

2. ap≥Im-e-k-ap-Zm-b-sØ-t∏mse

hn`n-∂-I-£n-I-fmbn Cu kap-Zmbw -

tN-cn -Xn -cn -bpw. ta¬∏-d™ c≠v

ASbmfßfpw {]Xy£cw ]pe¿∂

Xmbn Ghcpw AwKoIcn°p∂p.

3. {]-kvXpX I£n-I-fn¬ kz¿K-

{]m-]vX-cm-Ip∂ GI-hn-̀ m-KsØ Xncn-

®dn-bm-\p≈ ASbmfßƒ.

\sΩ kw_-‘nt -®S -tØmfw

aq∂maXv ]d™ Imcy-amWv C\n

a\ nem°m\p≈Xv. AXmbXv

kz¿KØntes°-Øm\pw FØn

°m\pw th≠n [mcmfw hn`mKßƒ

Cu DΩ-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn®p sIm≠n-

cn-°p∂p. Hmtcm hn`mKhpw hmZn-°p-

∂Xv "Rß-fmWv kz¿K-Øn¬

t]mhpI. AXn-\m¬ R-ß-tfmSv tN¿

t∂mfq' F∂mWv. F∂m¬ Xs‚ DΩ-

Øn-\p-≠m-Im≥ t]mIp∂ Zp-c-hÿ

ap≥Iq-ń-I≠ {]hm-NI t{ijvT¿

AXn-s\mcp ]cn-lmcw ]d-™p-X∂p.

AXm-bXv B ka-bØv \nßƒ GsX-

¶nepw hn`m-K-Øn¬ IqSn-bm¬ aXnbm-

hp-I-bn√. ImcWw Hcp hn`mKw

am{Xta kz¿§-Øn¬ t]mhp-I-bp≈p.

a‰p-≈-hsbm° \c-I-Ønem-bncn°pw.

AXn -\m¬ B Hcp hn`m -KsØ

\nßƒ At\z -jn®v Is≠Øn

s°m≈Ww. F-∂n´v Ahsc Xncn-®-

dn -bm-\p≈ am¿Kw GXmWv? B

e£Wßƒ Bcn-emWv D≈Xv? Cu

c≠v tNmZy-Øn\pw icn-bmb DØcw

e`n-®p-I-gn-™m¬ ]ns∂ aq∂masØ

am¿Kw {]kv-XpX {]kvYm\-Øn¬

AWn-tN-cpI F∂-XmWv. Hcp Imcyw

\mw {]tXyIw a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp≠v.

Hcp hn-`mKsØ Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥ th≠n-

bp≈ e£Wßƒ as‰mcp hn`m-K-

Øn\pw D≠m-Imt\m Ds≠∂v Ah-

Im-i-s∏´v sIm≠v \_n (-k) ]-d™

Cu e£Wßƒ hr-Ym-hn-emImt\m

Ah-kcw D-≠m-bn-°qSm.

C\n \-ap°v N¿® Bcw-`n°mw.

BZy-ambn Camw Xn¿an-ZnbpsS lZo-

kn¬ ]d™ Imcyßƒ t\m°mw

""Rm\pw Fs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw GXn-

emtWm AXnep≈h¿. CXn\v ""\_n-

bp-sSbpw kzlm-_-Øn-s‚bpw Ncy

]n≥]-‰p -∂-h¿'' F∂ hymJym\w

am{Xw \¬In Hgn-hm-I-emWv s]mXpsh

Bfp -Iƒ sNøm -dp -≈Xv . Ncy

]n≥]‰Ww F-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an√.

F∂m¬ Cu hym-Jym\w A\p-k-cn®v

kwibw Ahtijn°p∂p. AXm-bXv

ho≠pw Xncn-®-dn-hn√mbva am{Xta

D≠m-hp-I-bp≈p. Im-cWw F√mhcpw

hm-Zn-°p-∂Xv Xß-fmWv \_n-bp-tSbpw

kzlm_Ønt≥dbpw Ncy ]n≥]-‰p-∂-

h¿ F∂mWv. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ BcmWv

\_n-bp-tSbpw kzlm-_-Øn-t‚bpw N-

cy-bnep-≈Xv? C-Xm-Wn-hnsS Adn-tb-

≠Xv. F√m-h¿°pw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm≥

km[n-°p∂ Hcp Imcyw Hcp hn`m-

KsØ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ th≠n Pman-D¬

Iem-amb {]hm-N-I-{]-`p(-k) Hcn-

°epw ]d-bn√.

]ns∂ F¥m-Wn-Xns‚ hymJym\w?

{]-hm-NI hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Xs∂ \-

ap-°n-Xns‚ hymJym\w Is≠Ømw.

e£-Zzo-]n¬ \n∂v CubnsS ss_AØv sNbvXv AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-

Øn¬ {]th-in® teJI≥ CkvemanI {]am-W-ß-fpsSbpw lZo-kns‚bpw

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns\ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂p.

aplΩZv id-̂ p-±o≥ C¿^m\n


teJ

\w


CtX lZo-kp-Xs∂ Camw A_q-Zm-hqZv

D-≤cn-°p-∂-Xv Cßs\-bmWv.

""\_n(-k) ]d™p: AdnbpI

"\nßƒ°v apºp≠m-bn-cp∂ thZ-{K-

Ÿm-\p-km-cn-Iƒ F-gp-]-Øn-c≠v hn`m-

K-ambn ̀ n∂n®p. Xo¿®-bmbpw Cu k-

ap-Zmbw F\n°v tijw Fgp]-Øn-

aq∂v hn`m-K-ambn `n∂n°pw. Fgp-]-

Øn-c≠pw \c-I-Ønepw H∂v am{Xw

kz¿K-Ønepw t]mIpw. AXv A¬ ˛

Pam AØmWv''. (A_q-Zm-hqZv ̨ 4597,

C_v\pamP ˛ 3992, 3993 apkv\Zv

AlvaZv)

ChnsS Nne¿ Xßfpw Pam-

AØmWv F∂v sh-dpsX hmZn -

t®°mw. F∂m¬ \_n-(k) ]d™

Cu PamAØv Htc Hcp Cam-ans‚

Iogn¬ G-tIm-]n®v \n¬°p∂

apkvenw Pam-AØmsW∂v CtX hnj-

b-Øn¬ Camw _pJmcn D≤-cn-°p∂

lZo-kn¬ \n∂v hy‡-amWv. k-ap-

Zmbw ̀ n∂n--°p∂ ImeØv kXy-hn-izm-

kn-Iƒ A-Wn-tNtc≠ kXyhn`m-

KsØ hn-i-Zo-I-cn®v sIm≠v Camw

_pJm-cn- D≤-cn-°p∂ -kp-Zo¿L-amb

lZokv Cßs-\-bmWv.

lpssZ^ _n≥ bam≥(-d) ]-d-

bp∂p. ""P\-ßƒ \_n(-k)tbmSv

tNmZn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv \∑sb

kw_‘n-®m-bn-cp∂p. Rm≥ tNmZn®Xv

Xn∑sbIpdn®mbncp∂p. Fs∂ Xn∑

_m[n-°p-∂Xv `b-∂n-´m-bn-cp∂p CXv.

Aßs\ Rm≥ Hcn°¬ \_n(-k)-

tbmSv tNmZn®p. A√mlphns‚ ZqXtc,

Rßƒ A⁄-Xbnepw Xn∑-bn-ep-am-

bn -cp∂p D≠m-bn -cp -∂Xv .F∂n´ v

A√mlp Rßƒ°v Cu \∑sb

\¬In. C\n Cu \∑°v tijw h√

Xn∑bp≠mIptam \_ntb? \_n(k):

A-sX, AXn¬ Nne Ie¿∏p-I-fp-ap-

≠mIpw. Rm≥: F¥mWv \_ntb B

Ie¿∏v? \_n(k): \c-I-Øns‚ Ihm-

S-Øn¬ \n∂p sIm≠v {]t_m-[\w

sNøp-∂-h¿. Ahsc B¿ A\p-k-cn-

®pthm Ah-c-hs\ \-c-IØn¬ X≈p-

∂-Xm-bncn°pw. lpssZ^: Ahsc R-

ßƒs°m∂v hnh-cn®pXcWw

\_ntb. \_n (k): Ah¿ {]Xy-£-

Øn¬ \ΩpsS Iq´-Øn¬ s]´-h¿

Xs∂-bm-bn -cn°pw. \ΩpsS `mj

kwkmcn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn°pw. as‰mcp

dn-t∏m¿ń¬ ]d-bp∂p: Ah-cn¬ Nne-

bm-fp-I-fp-≠mIpw. Ah¿ a\p-jy-

t°mew [cn® ]nimNp-°-fm-bn-cn°pw.

˛ (^Xvlp¬_mcn) Rm≥: Cu A-

hkvY Fs∂ _m-[n -®m¬ Rm≥

F¥v sNøWsa∂mWv Xm -¶ƒ

Ft∂mSv I¬∏n-°p-∂Xv? \_n(k):

apkvenw Pam-A-Øn-t\bpw Ah-cpsS

C-am-an-t\bpw \o ap-dp-sI-∏n-Sn-°Ww.

Rm≥: Ah¿°v Camapw Pam-AØpw

\n -e -hn -ens -√ -¶ntem? \ -_n( -k):

AØcw (C-amapw Pam-AØp-an-√m-

Ø) apgph≥ ]m¿ń -It-fbpw \o

shSnt™-°Ww. A-°m-c-WØm¬

ac-®n-√--Iƒ ISn®v Pohn®v acn-t°≠n

h∂mepw icn.'' (_p-Jmcn ˛ 6673)

ta¬ lZo-kns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬

C_v-\p-l-P-dp¬ AkvJem\n ]d-

bp∂p;

Camw Xz_vcn ]d™p: ""ta¬ lZo-

kn¬ apdp-sI-∏n-Sn-°m≥ ]d™ Pam-

AØv sIm≠p≈ G‰hpw icn-bmb

hnh£ XßfpsS ss_-AØv (A-\p-

k-cW {]Xn⁄) Hcp t\Xm-hns‚

Ic-Øn¬ A¿∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ GtIm-

]n®p sIm≠v At±-lsØ A\p-k-

cn®v Pohn°p∂ Pam-A-ØmWv. AtZ-

l-Øn-t\m-Sp≈ ss_AØv X≈n-°-

f-™-h¿ Pam-A-Øn¬ \n∂v ]p-d-

Ømbn. Xz_vcn ]-d™p: lZo-kn-ep≠v

P\-ßƒ°v Hcp Caman-√msX I£n-

I-fmbn ]ncn-bp∂ Ahÿ h∂m¬

\mi-Øn¬ AI-s∏´pt]mIp-∂-Xn¬

\n∂v c£-s∏-Sm≥ th≠n km-[n-°p-

∂n-S-tØmfw AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ (Hcp

Camans‚ Io-gn¬ kw-L-Sn-X-a-√m-Ø)

Hcp I£n-tbbpw ]n≥]-‰m-Xn-cn-°p-I-

bpw- Ah-sb-√m-‰n-t\bpw _ln-jvI-

cn--°p-Ibpw thWw. Cu hn-j-b-Øn¬

a‰v lZo-kp-I-fn¬ h∂Xpw CtX -B-

i-b-Øn-emWv a\ nemt°-≠Xv''.

(^Xvlp¬_mcn)

Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ Xs∂-bp≈

as‰mcp lZo-kn¬ IqSn Ah-km\

ImeØp≈ Cu kXy-P-am-A-Øn\v Jn-

em-^-Øp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw AXm-

bXv {]kvXpX Camw Jeo--^-bm-bn-cn-

°p-sa∂pw Cu Jnem--^Øv \p_pΔ

Øns\ ]n¥p-S¿∂v sIm≠m-bn-cn-°p-

sa∂pw IqSn \_n (k) hy -‡-

am°p∂p. Camw AlvaZv (d) D≤-

cn°p∂ {]kvXpX lZokv Cßs\-

bmWv.

\_n (-k) ]-d™p; ""Cu \p_pΔØv({]-hm-N-I-Xzw) A-√mlp D-t±-in-°p-∂ Ime-a-{X bpw \nßfn¬ D≠mIpw.]n∂oSv A√m-lp Db¿Øm≥ Dt±-

in°ptºmƒ AXns\ D-b¿Øpw.

]n∂oSv \p_pΔØns‚ am¿Kw ]n¥p-

S¿∂p≈ Jnem -^Øv

(-{]m-Xn\n-[yw) D-≠mIpw. A√mlp Dt±-

in -°p-∂{X Imew AXp-≠mIpw.

]n∂oSv A-√mlp D-b¿Øm≥ Dt±-in-

°-ptºmƒ AXn-s\bpw D-b¿Øpw.

]n∂oSv B Jnem-^Øv GIm-[n -

]Xy`c-W-ambnØocpw. A√mlp Dt±

in -°p∂{X AXpw D -≠mIpw.

A√mlp D-t±-in -°p-tºmƒ AXn-

s\bpw D-b¿Øpw. ]n-∂oSv B -Jn-em-

^Øv tkzOm-[n-]-Xy-ambn amdpw.

A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂{X AXp-ap --

≠mIpw. A√mlp D-t±-in-°p-tºmƒ

AXn -s\bpw D -b¿Øpw. tijw

\p_qΔØns\ ]n¥p--S¿∂v a-s‰mcp

Jnem^-Øp-≠mIpw. CXp ]-d-™n´v

\_n (k)au\n-bmbn. (Camw AlvaZv

˛ 4/273)

apI-fn¬ ]-d™ Camw _pJmcn

D≤-cn® lZo-kn¬ ""apkvenw Pam-A-

Øn-s\bpw AhcpsS Cam-ans\bpw

\o ap-dp-sI-∏n-Sn-°Ww'' F∂ `mK-

Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ C_v\p-P-

dp¬AkvJ-em\n ]d-bp∂p:

""-Xz-_vdm-\n-bn¬ Cßs\bpw Hcp

dnt∏m¿-´p≠v: \o Hcp Jeo-^sb

Is≠-Øn-bm¬ At±-lsØ apdp-sI-

∏n-Sn-t®m-fWw. At±lw \ns∂ {]bm-

k-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ t]mepw. Jeo-^-

bns√¶n¬ GIm-¥-hmkw kzoI-cn-

°pI''. (^Xvlp¬_mcn)

apI-fn¬ ]d™ lZo -kp -

IfpsSbpw AhbpsS hymJym-\-ß-fp-

sSbpw A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kap-Zmbw

`n∂n -°p∂ A-h-k-c -Øn¬

kz¿KØn¬ t]mIp∂ GI hn`mK-

Øn-s‚ Xncn-®-dn-b¬ ap{Z Cß-s\-bm-

bn-cn°pw.

\p_p--Δ-Øns\ ]n¥p-S¿∂v kvYm-

]n-XamIp-∂Xpw Jeo-^-bmb Hcp

Caman\v ss_AØv (A-\p-k-cW

{]XnPvR) sNbvXp-sIm≠v kw-L-Sn-®p-

\n¬°p-∂Xpamb apkvenw Pam-AØv.

\ap°v DØcw Is≠-tØ≠ c≠v

tNm-Zy-ß-fn¬ H-∂m-a-tØ-Xn\v A-Yhm

kz¿Kob hn`m-K--sØ Xncn®dnbm\p≈

am¿Kw F¥mWv F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v

CtXmsS {]mam-Wn-I-ambn adp-]Sn

e`n®p. C\n c≠m-asØ tNmZy-Øns‚

AYhm C--∂sØ hn`n∂ I£n-I-fn¬

{]kvXpX hn`mKw GXmWv F∂ tNm-

Zy-Øns‚ adp-]-Sn-bmWv \ap°v e`n-

°m-\p-≈Xv. AXn\v kXy-P-am-A-Øn\v

]d™ e£Wßƒ Htcm-t∂m-tcm-



∂mbn \ap°v ]cn-tim[n°mw.

1. \p_p-Δ-Øns\ ]n¥p-S¿∂v

ÿm]n-X-am-Ip-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw.

Cu hn`mKw C∂v GXm-

sW∂v t\m°mw. A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂v

\p_p-Δ-Øns≥d ]Zhn e`n-°p-Ibpw

shfn-]m-Sp-I-ƒ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cp∂ lZvdØv Alv-a-Zv(-A)

eqsS-bmWv Alva-Znøm apkvenw Pam-

AØv kvYm]n-XamIp-∂Xv. Alva-Zn-

øm apkvenw Pam-AØv Hgn-sI-bp≈

as‰√m hn-`m-Khpw ]d-bp-∂Xv C\n

\p_p-ΔtØ D≠mhp-I-bn√ F∂mWv.

t\m°q, F{X-am{Xw i‡-amWv {]hm-

N-Is≥d sFU≥dn‰n!

apl-ΩZv \_n(k)°v tijw

\p_pΔ-Øp-≠m-hp-I-bns√∂pw {]hm-

N-I-∑m¿ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√∂pw

lZo-kp--I-fn¬ D≠t√m F∂ Hcp

Bt£]w C-hnsS ]d--bm-dp≠v. AXp-

sIm≠v Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ Aev]w -

hn-ZoI-cWw B-h-iy-amWv. hnip≤

Jp¿B≥ ]-d-bp∂p:

""-a-e-°p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw a\p-jy-cn¬

\n∂pw A√mlp ZqX-∑msc sXc-s™-

Sp--°p∂p'' kqd: l÷v ˛ 75

ta¬]d-™Xv A-√m-lp-hns‚

Hcp kp∂ØmWv (\-S]Sn) AXm-bXv

Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc -Ah≥ Dt±-

in--°p-tºmƒ ZqX∑m-cmbn sX-c-s™-

Sp-°p∂psh∂Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥

as‰mcn-SØv ]d-bp∂p:

""Ahs‚ N-cy°v am‰w kw`hn-

°pI F∂Xv \o Hcn-°epw Is≠-

Øp-I-bn√''. -kqd: Alvkm_v ˛ 63, --

^m-Xzn¿ ˛ 44

A-Xp-sIm≠v ZqX∑msc \ntbm-

Kn-°pI F∂ A-√m-lp-hn-s≥d kp-∂-

Øn\v am‰w kw-` -hn -®nń√ F∂v

a\ nemIp∂p. F∂m¬ ZqX∑msc

\ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\v Nne am\-Z-fi-

ßfpw co-Xn-Ifpw A√mlpsh®n´p≠v.

AXpw Ahs≥d kp∂-ØmWv. P-\-

ßƒ°v i-co-AØv (\ymb{]am-Ww)

AYhm aX-\n-b-a-ßƒ ]Tn∏n-°m-

\mWv A√mlp a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂v

{]hm-N-I-∑msc \n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.

AXp-sIm≠v Hcp ico-AØv \n-e-hn-

ens-√-¶ntem D≈ ico-AØv A]q¿W-

am-hp-I-tbm Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøp-

tºm-gmWv A√mlp ]pXnb ico-A-

Øp-ambn \_nsb \ntbm-Kn-°p∂Xv.

AtX ka-bØv Cß-s\-sbm∂pw

kw`-hn-°msX P\-ßƒ ico-AØv

ad∂v If-bp-Ibpw ZpjvI¿an-I-fmbn

amdp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ D≈-i-co-A-

Øns\ ]p\:kvYm]n--°m\pw AXns\

P\-ßƒ°v ]Tn-∏n-°m\pw A-Xp-ap-

tJ\ A-hsc kwkv°-cn -°m\pw

th≠n i-co-A-Øn-√mØ \_n-sb-

bmWv A√mlp \n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.

ta¬]-d™ Imcy-ßƒ Xm-sg-∏-d-bp∂

Bb-Øn¬ hnip-≤-Jp¿B≥ Xs∂

hy-‡am°p∂p≠v.

""h√ -BbØpw \mw Zp¿_e-s∏-

SpØp-Itbm As√-¶n¬ hnkva-cn-∏n-

°p-Itbm sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]Icw

AXn -t\°mƒ D -Ø-a -am -bXv

As√¶n¬ AXn\p-Xp-eyambXv \mw

sIm≠v hcp--∂-XmWv. \n\-°-dn-™p-

IqsS, A√mlp F-√m-Im-cy-Ønepw

Ignhp-≈-h-\m-sW∂v.'' (kqd: _Jd ̨

107)

Hcp \ymb-{]amWw Zp¿_-e-s∏Sp-

Øp-tºm-gmWv AXnt\-°mƒ DØ-a-

amb a-s‰mcp \ymb-{]-amWw Ah≥

sIm≠v hcp-∂Xv. A-t∏mƒ ]pXnb

\ymb-{]-am-Whpambn- Ah≥ Zq-X-

∑msc ]d™-b-°p∂p. AtX

kabØv \ym-b-{]-amWw Zp¿_-e-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂n√, a-dn®v hn-kva-cn-∏n-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ AXm-bXv P\-ßƒ AXns\

hnkva -cn® v tkz -Osb A\p -K -an -

°ptºmƒ AtX ico-AØv Xs∂

Ah≥ sIm≠v hcp∂p. A-t∏mƒ

AtX ico -A-Øns\-Øs∂ --]p -

\kvYm]n-°m≥ Ah≥ ZqX-∑msc ]d-

™-b-°p∂p. Cu -N-cy-I-sfm∂pw A-

√mlp am‰w h-cp-Øn--bn-ń√. apl-Ω-Zo-

i-co-A-Øn-s‚ am\-Z-fi-amb hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B≥ Hcn-°epw Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-

I-bn√ F∂-XmWv A√m-lp-hn-s‚ Xocp-

am\w. Ah≥ ]d-bp∂p

""\mamWv Cu DZvt_m-[\w (hn-ip-

≤-Jp¿-B≥) Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv. \mw

Xs∂ CXns\ kwc-£n-°p-∂-h-\p-

amWv.'' (kqd:lnPv¿ ˛ 9)

A-Xp-sIm≠v hnip-≤-Jp¿B-\n∂v

tijw Hcp ]pXnbico-AØv Hcn-

°epw htc≠Xn√. ]cn-]q¿W-amb

Cu ico-AØv sIm≠v h∂ ap-l-ΩZv

\-_n(-k) °p-tijw ]pXn-b-i-co-A-

Øp≈ Hcp \_nbpw h-cn-I-bn√. A-

tX-k-a-bØv hn-ip--≤-Jp¿B≥ A-Xm-

bXv apl-ΩZv \-_n (k) sIm≠v -h∂

ico-AØv hnkvacn -°-s∏-Sptam?

AXmWv \ap-°n\n ]cn-tim-[n-°m-\p-

≈Xv . Jp¿ B\n -epw lZo -kp -I -

fnepwh∂ G-Xm\pw hN\ß--fn-eqsS

\ap-°nXv a\ n-em-°m≥ km-[n°pw.

Cu kapZm-b--Ønse B-fp-Iƒ

Hcp ImeL-́ -Øn¬ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B\n-

t\mS v Im -Wn -°p∂ kao -]\w

A√mlp-hns≥d apºn¬ FSpØv ]-d-

™p-sIm≠v \_n(-k) thhem-Xn-

s∏Sp∂ Hcp cwKw hnip≤

Jp¿B\neqsS Øs∂ A√mlp hy-

‡-am-°p-∂-Xn-ßs\bmWv.

""Cu {]hm-N-I≥ (ap-l--ΩZv \_n)

]dbpw: Fs≥d kap--Zmbw Cu Jp¿-

B-\ns\ A-h-K-Wn®pI-f-™t√m

\mYm!'' (kqd: ^p¿Jm≥ ˛ 30)

hn-ip≤Jp¿-B-\ns\ Ah-K-Wn-

°¬ Fßs\sbm-s°-bp-≠m-hp-

sa∂v Cu Bb-Øn-s‚ hymJym-\-

Øn¬ C_v\p- I-ko¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xn-ß-

s\-bmWv.

""Jp¿B≥ hmbn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-

tºmƒ AXv tIƒ°m-Xn --cn -°m≥

th≠n a-‰v i_vZ-ap-≠m-°p-I, hnizkn-

°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw Aw-Ko-Icn-°m-Xn-cn-

°p-Ibpw sNøpI, Jp¿--B≥ ]Tn-°m-

Xn-cn-°pI, a\∏mTam-°m-Xn-cn-°pI,

Bibw Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw {Kln°p-

Ibpw sNøm -Xn -cn -°pI, Jp¿ -

B\\pk-cn®v {]h¿-Øn--°m-Xn-cn-°pI,

Jp¿B-\ns\ hn´v a‰v hm°p-I-fn-

tet°m ]m´p-I-fn-tet°m kwKo-X-

ß-fn-tet°m hnt\m-Z-ß-fn-tet°m

kwkmchnj-b-ß-fn-tet°m Jp¿-

B≥ am\-Zfiam°-s∏-SmØ

{]kvYm-\-ß-fn-tet°m amdn-°-f-bpI

Ch-sb√mw Xs∂ Jp¿B-\ns\ A-

h-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-XmWv.''

(X-^vko¿ C_v\p Iko¿ ˛ 6/108)

\_n(-k) ]d-bp∂p: "Xo¿®-bmbpw

P\-ß-fn¬ Hcp Imew hcpw. A∂v

Ckvemans≥d \mahpw Jp¿Bs≥d

en-]nbpw am{Xw Ahti-jn°pw.

AhcpsS ]≈n-Iƒ P\\n_nVam-

bncn°pw. F¶nepw Ah ÌvXn-iq-\y-

am-bn-cn°pw. Ah-cpsS ]fin-X-∑m¿

BIm-i -Øn≥ Iogn¬ G‰hpw

\nIrjv-S-cm-bn-cn°pw. Ahcn¬ \n∂m-

bn -cn°pw \mi-Øns‚ XpS°w.

Ahcnte°v Xs∂bm-bn--cn°pw A-Xn-

s≥d aS°hpw' (aniv°mØv ; InXm-

_p¬ C¬av ˛ 38)

Hcn-°epw Zp¿_e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-

SmØ apl-Ω-Zob ico-A-Øn-t\m-Sp≈

Hcp Ime-L-́ Ønse P\-ß-fpsS kao-

]-\-amWv apI-fn¬ \mw a\ n-em-°n-

bXv. apI--fn¬ ]d-™Xpw C\n ]d-



bm-\n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb ]-e-l-Zo-kp-I-

fn¬ \n∂pw Cu Imcyw hy-‡-am-Ip-

∂Xpw B¿°pw X¿°-an-√m-Ø-Xp-

amWv. Hcp ico-AØv CØ-c-Øn¬

hnkva-cn-°s∏SptºmgmWv A√mlp

AXns\ ]p\kvYm]n-°m≥ th≠n

]pXnb -i-co-A--Øn-√mØ Zq-X-∑msc

\ntbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.

Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ ]pXnbico-A-

Øp -ambn ZqX -∑msc \ntbm -Kn -

°p∂nSØp≈ A-√mlphns‚ Ncy

(-co-Xn) apºp≈ i-co-AØv Zp¿_-es∏-

Sp -Ø-s∏-Sp -tºmƒ \ntbm-Kn -°pI

F∂-XmWv. apl-ΩZo ico-AØv Zp¿-

_-e-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-ń√. A-¥y-Zn\w hsc

Aßs\ kw`hn-°p-I-bn√. AXp-

sIm≠v Xs∂ apl-ΩZv \_n

(-k)°p tijw ]pXnbicoAØpambn

Hcp \_n-sbbpw A√mlp \ntbmKn-

°n√. F∂m¬ ]p-Xn-b-i-co-A-Øn-

√mØ Zq-X∑msc \n-tbm-Kn--°p-∂n-S-

Øp≈ A√mlphns‚ Ncy Zp¿_e

s∏SpØ-s∏-SmØ ico-AØv P\ß

fm¬ hnkva-cn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ AXns\

P\-ß-fn¬ ÿm-]n -°m≥ th≠n

\ntbm-Kn-°pI F∂ XmWv. aplΩZo

i-co -A-Øn\pw Cu Hchÿ

P\ßfm¬ kw-Pm -X -am -Ip -sa∂v

A√mlphpw dkq-epw hy‡-am-°p∂p.

AXp-sIm≠v aplΩZv \_n (k)

bpsS kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ AØcw L´-

ß-fn¬ ]p-Xnbi-co-A-Øn-√mØ ZqX-

∑msc am{Xsa A-√mlp \ntbm-Kn-°p-

I-bp≈q. hf-sc-b-[nIw B-t£-]-

ßƒ D-∂-bn-°p∂ Hcp kwi-b-am-b-

Xp-sIm≠mWv C-{Xbpw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®Xv.

ip≤a\ÿ¿°v CXv aXn-bm-Ip-∂-

XmWv.

am{X -a√ Ah-km -\ --Im -eØv

Cukm(-A) hcp-sa∂v F-√m-hcpw

hniz-kn-°p∂p. Cukm (A) \_n-

bm-bn-cn-°psa-∂-Xnepw X¿°-an√.

2009 G{]n¬ amkØnse

Ckvemlv amkn-I-bn¬ ]d-bp∂p.

""Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS ]p\-cm-

Ka\Im-eØv At±lw Fßs\ hn[n-

\¬Ipw F∂ kw-i-b-Øn\v adp-]Sn

\¬Ip∂ Iq-´-Øn¬ kpbqXzn Hcp-

cq]w C-ßs\ hnh-cn-°p∂p. ""Cukm

(-A)-\-_n-bmWv. A-Xn-\m¬ At±-

lØn\v Jp¿B\n -ep -f -f -Xns‚

Bibw A-dnbpw. Aßs\ AX\p--

k-cn®v hn[n \¬Ipw.'' (A¬lmho ˛

2/161)

kp_vIn ]d-™-Xmbn kpbqXzn

D≤-cn -°p∂p. ""Cukm( -A)-bpsS

\p_p-ΔØv Ah-ti-jn--°p-∂-tXm-

sSm∏w At±lw Cu \_n-bpsS D-Ω-

Øn¬ s]´ B-fm-bn-cn°pw'' (-B¬-

lmho ˛ 2/161)

(Ckvemlv amknI 2009 G-{]n¬

t]Pv ˛ 30)

apl-ΩZv \_n( -k)°ptijw

\_nh-cn-Itbm \p_p-ΔØv e`n-°p-

Itbm C√t√m! ]ns∂sb-ß-

s\bmWv Cu-km( -A) \_n -bm -

Ip∂Xpw \p-_p-ΔØv e`n°p-∂-Xpw?

Ckvemlv am-kn-I-bn¬ Xs∂ CXn-

\p≈ adp-]Sn ap≥Ime ]fin-X-

∑msc D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v Fgp-Xp∂p.

F\n°v tijw \_n-bn√ F∂

lZokv sX-fn--hm-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v adp-

] -Sn -bmbn kpbqXzn ] -d -bp -∂Xv

ImWpI.

""Hm -km[q \o ]d-™-Xn\v Hcp

\ne°pw {]kvXpX lZo-kn¬ sXfn-

hn√. \_n(-k)bpsS ico-A-Øns\

Zp¿_-es∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp ico-A-Øp-

ambn C\n-sbmcp ]pXnb\_n hcnI-

bn√ F∂mWv De-am-°ƒ AXn-s\-°p-

dn®v ]-d-™Xv.'' (A¬lmho- 2/166)

Ckvemlv a-knI 2009 G{]n¬ t]Pv

˛ 30

{]-kvXpX De-am--°-fn¬ Nnec-psS

hmN-I-ßƒ am{Xw Rm\nhnsS hmb-

\-°mcpsS apºn¬ sh°p-∂-XmWv.

ssiJv aplvbp±o≥ C_v\p Ad-_n(-d)

""\_n(k)-tbmsS \n¿Ø-em-°-

s∏´ \p_p-ΔØv ico-A-tØm-sSbp≈

\p-_p-Δ-ØmWv. A√msX \p_pΔ-

Øns‚ ÿm\w Xs∂ \n¿Øem-°n-

sb∂√. \_n(-k)bpsS id-C-en-√mØ

]pXnb hn-[n-Ifpw D≠m-hn√. cn-km-

eØpw \p_p-ΔØpw \ne-®p-I-gn™p,

C\n F\n°p tijw d-kq-ep-an√ \_n-

bp-an√ F∂v \_n(-k) ]d-™-Xn-

\¿Yw Fs≥d ico-A-Øn\v FXn-cm-

bp≈ ico-A-Øp-ambn Hcp \_nbpw

hcnI-bn√ F∂mWv. a-dn®v \_n hcp-

tºmƒ Fs≥d ico -AØn-s≥d

hn[n°v Xmsg-bm--bn-cn°pw At±lw.

Hcp dkq-epap≠m-In√ F∂v ]-d-™-

Xn-\¿Yw as‰mcp ico-A-Øn-te°v

P\-ßsf £-Wn-°p∂ Hcp dkq-ep-ap-

≠m-In√ F∂m-Wv. C-XmWv \n¿Ø-em-

°n-bXv. CXns‚ hmXn-emWv AS-°-

s∏´Xv. A√msX \p_p-Δ-Øns≥d

kvYm\w Xs∂ \n¿Ø-em-°n-sb-

∂√..'' ^pXq-lm--Øq¬ a°nø ˛ 2/73

""icoAØns≥d Ah-X -cWw

\n¿Ø-em -° -s∏ -´ n - ´ ps≠-¶nepw

A¥yZn\w hsc krjvSnIfn¬

\p_pΔØv \S-∏n -em-Ip-∂-XmWv.''

^qXq-lm-Øp¬ a°nø ˛ 2/73

""ico -A-tØm-sS -bp≈ \p_p-

ΔØpw cnkm -eØpw apl-Ω-

Zv\_n(k)tbmsS \n¿Ø-em-°-s∏-́ n-cn-

°p∂p. At±-l-Øn\v tijw ico-A-

Øp≈ Hcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-√....

F∂m¬ A√mlp Xs‚ ASn-a-Iƒ°v

ImcpWyw sNøp-Ibpw ico-A-Øn-

√mØ s]mXp -hmb \p_p -ΔØv

Ah¿°v th≠n Ah-ti-jn-∏n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.'' (^pkq-kp¬

lnIw)

ssiJv A_vZp¬ Icow Poem-\n

(-d):˛""\_n(-k)°v tijw ico-A-

Øns‚ \p_p-ΔØv apdn-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

Aßs\ \_n(k) JmØ-ap-∂-_n-

øo≥ Bbn-cn-°p∂p''. (A¬˛-C≥km-

\p¬Im-an¬-˛36-˛mw A≤ymbw)

Camw iAvdm\n(d):˛ ""F\n°v

tijw \_nbpw dkq-ep-an-s√∂v \_n(-

k) ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt-±iyw F\n°v

tijw ]pXnb ico-A-Øp≈ \_n-bp-

≠m-hn√ F∂mWv''. (A¬ bhm-JoØv

h¬ Phm-ln¬ ˛2/42)

Camw apl-ΩZv Xzmln¿( -d) :˛

""F\n°p tijw \_n-bn√ F∂ lZo-

kn -t\mSpw CsX-Xn -c -√. ImcWw

\_n(k)bpsS ico-A-Øns\ Zp¿_-

e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn√

F∂mWv \_n( -k) Dt±-in -®-Xv .''

(XIvane aPvaD _nlm-dn¬ A≥hm¿-

˛85)

ap√m-A-en-øp¬ Jmcn(d):˛ ""C_vdm-

low (sNdp-∏-Øn¬ ac-W-s∏´ \_n

(-k)-bpsS aI≥) Pohn-®n-cn-°p-Ibpw

F∂n v́ \_n-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p-

sh-¶nepw AtX-t]mse Da¿(-d) \_n-

bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ah¿ c≠mfpw

\_n(k)-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ Xs∂-

bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.... JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥

F∂v A√mlp ]d-™-Xn-t\mSv CXv

Hcn-°epw FXn-c-√. ImcWw B ]d-

™-Xn-\¿Yw Xs‚ ico-A-Øns\

Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Xs‚ kap-Zm-b-

Øn¬ s]SmØ Hcp \_nbpw hcn-I-

bn√ F∂mWv-''. (auZq-BØv I_o¿

˛58,59)

imlv hen-øp-√m-ln-±lvehn(-d):˛



""\_n(-k)-bn-eqsS \_n-am¿°v A¥yw

Ipdn®p F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw

P\-ß-fn¬ Xs‚ ico-AØv \S-∏n-em-

°m≥ I¬∏n-°p∂ Hcmfpw D≠m-In√

F∂m-Wv. (X v̂lo-am-Øp¬ Cem-ln-ø-

˛53)

lZvdØv Bbn-i(-d):-˛ ""\_n(-k)

Aºn-bm-°-fpsS JmØ-am-sW∂v

\nßƒ ]d-t™m-fq. At±-l-Øn\p

tijw \_n-bn√ F∂v \nßƒ ]d-b-

cp-Xv.'' (Zp¿dp¬ a≥kq¿ ˛5/204)

C{Xbpw ]d -™-Xn¬ \n∂v

\_n(k)°v tijw \_n(k)bpsS

ico-A-Øns\ ]q¿W-ambpw AwKo-I-

cn-°p-∂, \_n(-k)-bpsS kap-Zm-b-

Ønse AwK-ambpw sIm≠v Hcp \_n

hcp-∂-Xn\v CkvemanI {]am-W-ßƒ

FXn-c√ F∂v \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥

km[n-°p-∂p.

lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)s‚ hmZhpw

C{X-am-{X-am-Wv. At±lw ]d™p:

""Ckvemap-ambn Hcp _‘-hp-an-

√mØ \p_p-ΔØv hmZ-am-sW-t‚-

sX∂v Fs‚ t]cn¬ Ip‰m-tcm-]Ww

sNøp-∂p. AXm-bXv Rm≥ kzX-{¥-

\mb \_n-sb∂v Fs∂-∏‰n Icp-Xp-∂p-

sh∂pw hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ Hcm-h-iy-

hp-an-s√∂pw X\n°p {]tXy-I-amb

Ien-abpw Jn_vebpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-

∂p-sh∂pw Ckvem anI ico-A-Øns\

Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw

dkq¬ Icow(-k) Xncp-ta-\nsb ]n¥p-

S -tc≠ Bh-iy -an -s√∂pw Fs‚

t]cn¬ hymPm-tcm-]Ww sNøp-∂p.

F∂m¬ Cu kIe Btcm-]-W-ßfpw

ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-Wv. Fs‚ ]°¬

AØcw \p_p-ΔØv hmZw Ip^vdm-Ip-

∂p. F∂p am{X-a√ Fs‚ F√m {KŸ-

ß-fnepw Ft∏mgpw Rms\-gpXn h∂n-

cp-∂Xv CØcw \p_p-ΔØv hmZw

Rms\mcn-°epw sNbvXn-ń-s√-∂-s{X.

CXv XnI®pw Fs‚ t]cn¬ D∂-bn-

°p∂ hymPm-tcm-]-W-am-Wv. Rm≥

Fs∂-∏‰n \_n-sb∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚

ASn-ÿm\w C{X-am-{X-am-Ip-∂p. AXm-

bXv F\n°v ssZh-`m-j-W-am-Ip∂

amlmflyw e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥

A[n-I-ambn Ft∂mSv kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.

Fs‚ kwkm-c-Øn\v DØcw \¬Ip-

∂p. [mcmfw AZr -iy -Im -cy -ßƒ

F\n°v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. hcpw-Im-e-

sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ cl-ky-ßƒ F\n-°-

dn-bn-®p-X-cp-∂p. GXp-hsc Hcp a\p-

jy\v Ah-\p-ambn {]tXyI kº¿°-

ap -≠m -Ip -∂n -√tbm AXp -hsc

a‰m¿°pw Xs∂ CØcw hnj-b-ßƒ

Ah≥ shfn-s∏-Sp--Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂n-√.

CØcw Imcy-ß-fpsS B[nIyw Imc-

W-ambn Ah≥ Fs‚ t]¿ \_n-sb-

∂p-h-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Ckveman¬

\n∂v kzbw AI-∂p-\n-∂p-sIm-≠p-

≈tXm Ckvem-ans‚ GsX-¶nepw Hcp

I¬]-\sb Zp¿_-e-am-°n-s°m-≠p-

≈tXm Bb Hcp \p_p-Δ-Øp-hm-Zhpw

F\n-°n-√-X-s∂. Fs‚ ]ncSn hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B≥ F∂ \pI-Øn¬ _‘n-

X-am -Wv. hnip -≤-Jp¿ -Bs‚ Hcp

h≈ntbm ]p≈ntbm Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-

Øm-\p≈ Ah-Imiw B¿°pw C√-

Xs∂!'' (AJv_m-sdBw 26-˛05-˛1908)

C\n \ap°v kXy-P-am-A-Øns\

Xncn®dnbm\p≈ c≠m-asØ ̀ mK-Øn-

te°v IS-°mw.

II). Jnem-^-Øp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

""tijw \p_p-Δ-Øns\ ]n¥p-

S¿∂v as‰mcp Jnem-^-Øp-≠m-Ipw''

F∂v \_n(-k) {]h-Nn-®-Xp-t]mse

Xs∂(-C-amw-AlvaZv ˛4/273, ssiJv

A¬_m-\n-bpsS A z-lol ˛1/8)

lZvdØv AlvaZv( -A)s‚ tijw

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv CXp-

hsc Jnem-^-Øn-\m¬ \bn-°-s∏-Sp-

∂p.

AD 750 apX¬ Bcw-`n-®n-cp∂

tkzOm-[n-]-Xy-`-c-W-Øns‚ Ah-km-

\sØ IÆn- Xp¿°n Bÿm-\-am-°n-

bp≈ Dkvam-\n-ø-`-cWw Bbn-cp-∂p.

1839-˛¬ Xs∂ Cw•o-jp-Im-cpsS B[n-

]Xyw aqew i‡n -]q¿Æ-ambpw

£bn-°p-Ibpw 1889-̨ ¬ Xp¿°n ]m¿e-

sa‚ v A_vZp¬ laoZv c≠m-as\ ]pd-

¥-≈n-b-Xn\p tijw A[n-Imcw t\Sp-

Ibpw sNbvX-tXmsS {]hm-N-Is‚

{]h-N\a\p-k-cn®v CkvemanI cm-P-`-

cWw Ah-km-\n-®p. CtX-h¿jw-Xs∂

AYhm 1908 sabv 26-˛\v lZvdØv

AlvaZv(-A)s‚ h^m-tØmsS \p_p-

Δ-Øns\ ]n¥p-S¿∂p-sIm-≠p≈

Jnem -^-Øn\v Bcw`w Ipdn -®p.

C≥im A√mlv Jnbm-aØv \mƒ

hsc CXv XpS -cp -Ibpw sNøpw.

F{Xtbm apd -hn -fn -Iq -´ n -bn´pw

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv Hgn-

sI-bp≈ as‰mcp hn`m-K-Øn\pw Jnem-

-̂Øn-√. Aß-s\-sbmcp hmZw Xs∂-

bn-√. F{X-hy-‡-amb sFU‚n‰n!

A√m-lpΩ kz√n Aem-ap-l-Ω-Zv.

III). Hcp Cam-an\v ss_A-Øp-

sNbvXv kwL-Sn-®p-\n¬°p-∂-h-cm-bn-

cn-°pw.

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv

Hcp Cam-an\v ss_A-Øp-sNbvXv At±-

l-Øns‚ ]n∂n¬ kwL-Sn®p

\n¬°p-∂p. CXv as‰mcp hn`m-K-Øn-

\p-an-√.

IV). Ah¿ apkvenw Pam-AØv

Bbn-cn-°pw.

Cu hn`m-K-Øns‚ t]cv Xs∂

"AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv'

F∂mWv. as‰mcp hn`m-K-Øn\pw

apkvenw Pam -A-sØ∂v t]cn -√.

bYm¿Y apkvenwI-fmbn Pohn-°p-

Ibpw AXn-\p-th-≠n F¥v XymKhpw

kln-°p-I-bpw temIØv Ckvemw

{]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ th≠n kzPo-hnXw

ka¿∏n -°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cmWv

Hmtcm AlvaZn-bpw. \_n(-k)bpw

kzlm-_Øpw Pohn-®-t]mse kwip-

≤-amb PohnXw \bn-°p-∂-h-cmWv

Ah¿. CXp-a-\- n-em-°m≥ BcmWv

AlvaZn-Iƒ F∂v Adn-b-Ww. Hcmƒ

AlvaZn BI-W-sa-¶n¬ ]Øv \n_-

‘-\-Iƒ \n¿_-‘-ambpw ]men-°-W-

sa∂v lZvdØv AlvaZv(-A) Xs‚ Pam-

AØv ÿm]n® A∂v Xs∂ ]d-™n-

cp-∂p. ss_A-Øns‚ \n_‘\Ifn¬

Xs∂ CXv ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu

]Øv \n_-‘-\-Ifpw ]men-°p-sa∂v

kzbw {]Xn⁄ sNbvX-h≥ am{Xta

AlvaZnøm {]ÿm-\-Øn¬ AwK-am-

hp-I-bp-≈q.

{]kvXpX \n_-‘-\-Iƒ AtX-]Sn

Xmsg sImSp-°p-∂p.

I). Pohm-h-km\w hsc krjvSn-

]qP(in¿°v)-bn¬ \n∂p hn´p \n¬°p-

∂-Xm-Wv.

II). Ifhv, hy`n-Nm-cw, Zp¿t\m´w,

F√m-hn-[-Øn-ep-ap≈ ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ,

NXn, ]c-t{Zm-lw, hnizm-k-h-©-\,

kam-[m -\ -`w -K -ap -≠m-°¬, cmPy -

t{Zmlw XpS-ßnb Zp¿am¿K-ß-fn¬

\n∂v Zqcs∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂Xpw F¥p-Xs∂

hnIm-cm-th-i-ßƒ h∂mepw ico-tc-

—-Iƒ°v ASn--s∏´v t]mIm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-

Xp-am-Wv.

III). A√mlphns‚bpw dkq¬

Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-bp-sSbpw I¬]-\-I-f-\p-

k-cn®v A©p-t\-c-\n-kv°m-c-ßfpw

IrXy-ambn \n¿hln-°p-∂Xpw km[y-

am-Ip-∂n-S-tØmfw Xl-÷pPv \nkv°m

cw \n¿Δ-ln-°p-∂Xpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n



( -k) -bpsS t]cn¬ kzemØpw

kemapw sNm√p-∂Xpw Xs‚ Ip‰-

ßƒ°mbn Znhkhpw am∏n-c-°p-

∂Xpw CkvXn-Kv^m¿ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-

cn-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ HuZm-

cy-ßƒ Bflm¿Y-amb kvt\l-hm-

bvt]msS kvacn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw

ssZh-kva-c-Wbpw kvtXm{Xhpw \nXy-

io-e-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.

IV). imco-cnI Zpcm-th-i-ßƒ°-

Sn--s∏-´p-sIm≠v B¿°pw Xs∂, ssZh

krjvSn -Iƒ°v s]mXp -hmbpw

apkvenIƒ°v {]tXy-In®pw \mhp-sIm-

t≠m ssIsImt≠m a‰p - {] -Im -c -

Øntem A\ym-b-amb bmsXmcp

t¢ihpw D≠m-°p-∂-X-√.

V). k¥m-]m-h-k-c-Ønepw kt¥m-

j-th-f-I-fnepw kpJ-Ønepw IjvS-∏m-

S nepw A\p - {K -l-e -_v[n -bnepw

B]¬L-´-Ønepw F√m Ah-ÿ-I-

fnepw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv hniz-kvXX

]pe¿Øp-Ibpw ssZh-ln-X-Øn¬

kwXr-]vX-\m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

Xm-Wv. ssZh-am¿KØn¬ F√m hn[-

Øn-ep≈ am\-lm-\nbpw t¢i-ßfpw

hcn-°p-hm≥ k∂-≤-\m--bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. F¥p-Xs∂ hn]Øp

t\cn-´mepw apJw Xncn-®p-I-f-bmsX

aptºm´v Im¬ hbv°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

VI). F√m-X-c-Øn-ep≈ Zpcm-Nm-c-

ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Zpcm-{K-l-ß-fn¬

\n∂pw kzbw Hgn™v amdp-Ibpw

hnip-≤-Jp¿ Bs‚ F√m B⁄-

Iƒ°pw ]q¿W-ambn hnt[-b-\m-bn-cn-

°p-Ibpw F√m-h-gn-I-fnepw ssZh-h-N-

\-ßƒ°pw Xncp-\_n hN-\-ßƒ°pw

A\p-kr-X-ambn Ncn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.

VII). Alw-`m-hw, anYym-`n-am\w

apX-em-bh ]q¿W-ambpw Dt]-£n-°p-

Ibpw hn\o-Xhpw efn-Xhpw kwkv°m-

c-]q¿Whpw im¥hpw A\m-Vw-_-c-

hp-amb PohnXw \bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xm-Wv.

VIII). Zo\n-s\bpw Zo\ns‚ A¥-

n -s\bpw Ckvemans‚ t£a-

sØbpw kz¥w Poh-t\-°mfpw apX-

en-t\-°mfpw am\-tØ-°mfpw k¥-Xn-

I-sf-°mfpw a‰p {]nb¶-c-am-b-Xn-s\-

°m-fp-sa√mw IqSp-X¬ {]nb-s∏-́ -Xmbn

IW-°m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

IX). A√m-lp-hns‚ F√m krjvSn-

I-tfmSpw Bflm¿Y-amb klm-\p-

`mhw {]Z¿in-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpw

A√mlp \¬Inb Ign-hp-Ifpw A\p-

{K-l-ßfpw aptJ\ a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øn\v

D]-Im-c-ßƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-

Xp-am-Ip-∂p.

X). \√ Imcy-ß-fn¬ A\p-k-cWw

]pe¿Øpw F∂p kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-tXm-

sSm∏w IpSpw-_-ß-fntem ̀ uXo-I-amb

CX-c-_-‘-ß-fntem ImW-s∏-SmØ

Xc-Øn-ep≈ Hcp kpZrV kmtlm-Z-

cy-_‘w Cu hn\o-X-\p-ambn (l-

ZvdØv AlvaZp-ambn) ]pe¿Øp-∂Xpw

AXv acWw hsc \ne\ndpØn-t∏m-cp-

∂-Xp-am-Wv. (C≥im A√m-lv).

CivXnlm¿ XIvaose X_veoKv ˛

1889 P\p-hcn 12, ss_AØv t^mw)

\_n (k) bpsS {]h-N-\-a-

\p-k-cn®v apkvenw kap-Zmbw ̀ n∂n-°p-

Ibpw I£n-{]-Xn-I-£n-I-fmbn ]ncn-bp-

Ibpw sNbvX Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬

kz¿K-Øn¬ t]mIp∂ GI hn`m-K-

Øns\ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ am¿Kw \mw

a\- n-em-°n. {]kvXpX am¿KØn

ep≈ GI hn`mKw GXm-sW∂pw

\mw a\- n -em -°n. AXm -bXv

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-sØ∂

{]ÿm-\-amWv B hn`m-Kw. C\n \ap-

°p≈ _m[yX Cu {]ÿm-\-Øn¬

AWn-tN-cpI F∂-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm-

≠v Xs∂ Cu hn\o-X≥ AlvaZnøm

apkvenw Pam-A-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚

A\p-{K-l-Øm¬ AwK-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Adn-hn-√mbva sImt≠m sX‰n-≤m-cW

aqetam AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-

Øn¬ AwK-am-Im≥ CXp-hsc `mKyw

e`n-®n-ń -√mØ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcbpw

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øn-te°v

kvt\l-]q¿hw £Wn-°p -Ibpw

`mKyw e`n-®h¿ Cu hn\o-X-\p-th≠n

{]m¿Yn-°-W-sa∂v A`y¿Yn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. A√mlp \ap°v kXy-Øn-

embn Pohn®v kXy-Øn-embn acn®v

kXy-hm-∑m-cqsS IqsS kz¿K-Øn¬

Hcp-an-°m-\p≈ `mKyw \evIn A\p-{K-

ln-°p-am-dm-I-s´. Bao≥.

(teJ-Is‚ t^m¨: 9495078234)


A√mlphnepw A¥y\mfnepw hnizkn°p∂ HcpIq´¿ A√mlphnt\bpw Ahs‚

ZqXt\bpw FXn¿°p∂ hcpambn kulrZw ]pe¿Øp∂Xp \oImWpIbn√

Ah¿ ( A√mlphnt\bpw Ahs‚ ZqXt\bpw FXn¿°p∂ h¿) k]nXm°tfm

k¥m\ßtfm kzktlmZcßtfm kzIpSpº _‘p°tfm Bbmepw icn

AØc°mcmIs´ ( B hnizmknIƒ ) A√mlp AhcpsS lrZbßfn¬

kXyhnizmkw FgpXnsh°pIbpw Xs‚ ]°¬ \n∂p≈ hN\w sIm≠v Ahsc

Ah≥ _es∏SpØpIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p. Ahsc Ah≥ XmtgmcØpIqsS

AcphnIsfmgpIp∂ DZym\ßfn¬ {]thin∏n°pIbpw sNøpw. Ah¿ AhnsS

imizX hmknIfmbncn°pw. A√mlp Ahsc°pdn®v Xr]vX\mbncn°p∂p. Ah¿

Ahs\°pdn®pw Xr]vX\mbncn°p∂p. Ah¿ A√mlphns‚ kwLas{X.

AdnbpI, A√mlphns‚ kwLwXs∂bmWv hnPbnIƒ.

(hnip≤ Jp¿ B≥ 58:23)


Ibpw Nm{In-I-amb AXns‚ ]cn-Wm-

a-{]-{In-b-sb-°p-dn®v DZm-l-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp -∂p. ""\mw Aßs\

Hcpa\pjysS -`q-ansb D÷o-hn-∏n-°p-

∂p. AtX-t]mse Xs∂-bm-Wt√m

]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw'' (50:12).

Hcp hy‡n-k-Ø-bpsS Xncn-®p-h-c-

hn-s‚-Xmb Fs¥-¶nepw I¿Ør-Xz-

km£yw kky-tem-IsØ Cu {]Xn-

`m-knI kw -̀h-ß-fn¬ ImWm≥ ktμ-

l-hm-Zn-I-fpsS a\- n\p Ign-bmsX

t]mIp-∂p. icocw ]©-`q-X-ß-fmbn

amdn Hcp ]pXnb BIr-Xn-bn¬ cq]m-

¥-s∏-Sm-sa-∂p-ap-s≠-¶nepw \ΩpsS

hy‡n-kØ ]p\xÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-

sa∂v CXn-∂¿Y-an-s√∂v Ah¿ ]d-bp-

∂p. Cu i_vZ-tLmjw hmZn®p

ka¿Yn-°m≥ Ah¿°v {]bm-k-am-Wv.

kky-tem-IsØ sshhn-[y-ß-sf√mw

Htc ùXnI ]Zm¿YØn¬ \n∂m-sW-

∂n-cp-∂n´pw Ah-bpsS aqe-L-S-I-ßƒ

hnhn-[-ß-fmb hr£-ßfpw kky-

ßfpw a‰p-ambn H‰Xncn™v khn-ti-

j-ambn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p F∂-Xn-s\-

°p-dn-®p≈ Ah-t_m-[-an-√m-bva-bm-

WnXv shfn-hm-°p-∂-Xv. a\p-jy\pw

arK-ßfpw Htc hkvXp-hn¬ \n∂p

hcp-∂p. F∂mepw Hmtcm Pohn-h¿K-

Øn\pw hy‡n-\njvT kz`m-hsØ

{]IrXn \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A{]-Imcw

kky-ßfpw hr£-ßfpw Ah Htc

hkvXp-hns‚Xm-sW-¶nepw \ne-\nev]v

XpS-cm≥ Pe-Øm¬ tkN\w sNø-s∏-

ń-´p-IqSn hyXykvX Xcw ê-ßfpw

]pjv]-ßfpw hln-°p-∂p-ht√m (13:5).

Cu {]Xn -`mkw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p -

sIm≠v Jp¿-B≥ XpS¿∂v ]d-bp-∂p.

\nßƒ Cu {]Xn-̀ m-k-Øn¬ B›cyw

sIm≈p-tºmƒ \nß-fpsS Cu

kwibw hnkva-b-I-cw Xs∂. ""F¥v!

ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-Øns‚ bmYm¿YysØ w_-‘n®v

bp‡n-]-c-amb Hcp At\z-jWw

t{kmX- v. tIhew sI´p-I-Ytbm

IYtbm Bbn AXns\ Hcmƒ IW-

°m-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Abmƒ°v Ccp-

tem-I-ßfpw \jvS-s∏-Sm≥ CS-bm-hp-

∂p. ]p\¿P-∑-sØ- w-_-‘n-®p-Zn -

°p∂ kwi-b-ßƒ Hcp-hs\ A]-I-

S-Øn-em-°p-Ibpw Abm-fpsS Pohn-

XsØ A\n-›n-X-Xz-Øn-em-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ]c-tem-I-Po-

hn-X-sØ-°p-dn®v \ymb-hmZw \SØn

hni-Zo-I-cn-t°-≠Xv Hmtcm aX-Øn-

s‚bpw I¿Ø-hy-a-s{X. GXm-bmepw

AZr-iy-tem-I-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-́ -XmWv

Cu hnizm-k-sa-∂n-cns° bp‡n-`-{Z-

amb Hc-Sn-Ød AXn\v hnizm-kn-Iƒ

\¬Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬ tIhehnizmkw

kwi-b-Øn\v hgn-sh-°pw. Cu hnj-

b-sØ-∏‰n F√m aX-ßfpw ]d-bp-∂p-

sh-¶nepw Xß-fpsS hnizm-k-{]-am-W-

Øn\v ]n≥_-e-ambn bp‡n-bp-tS-Xmb

Fs¥-¶nepw ASn-Ød Ah¿ \¬Im-

dn√. Ckvem-ans‚ hnip-≤-{KŸw CXn-

s∂m-c-]-hm-ZamWv. ]p\-cp-∞m\w Hcp

anYy-b√ bmYm¿Yy-am-sW∂v sXfn-bn-

°m≥ X°-Xmb hmZ-ap-J-ßƒ AXv

aptºm´v sh°p-∂p. Dbn¿sØ-gp-

t∂ev]v a\p -jys‚ Imem-\p -KX

]ptcm-bm-\-Øn\v Hgnhm-°m-\m-hm-Ø-

Xm-sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ hmZn-°p-∂p.

kky-tem-IØv Hmtcm h¿jhpw kw -̀

hn-°p∂ {]Xn-`m-ksØ AXp Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂p. hr£-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

Ah-bpsS DS-bm-S-Iƒ Xń-∏-dn-°m≥

ic¬°mew h∂-W-bp-Ibpw Ce-

®m¿Øv sImgn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

hk¥w Ahsb Xncn-s®-Øn-°p-∂p.

ic¬°m-eØv Ah hn´p-t]mb AtX

ssPh-L-S-\-bn-tebv°v ho≠p-ah

]p\¿kr-jvSn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. kky-tem-

IsØ {]Xn-`m-k-sØ-°p-dn®v Cß\

h¿Wm-©n-X-amb hnh-cWw \¬Ip-

Fw. Ben-t°mb

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n-s‚bpw ac-Wm-\-

¥c Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw hnjbw Aº-

c-∏n-°p-∂Xpw k¶o¿W-hp-am-sW-∂-

Xn¬ X¿°an-√. AXv \nKq-Vhpw AZr-

iy-hp-amb temI-hp-ambn _‘-s∏--ń-

cn-°p∂ Ime-tØmfw shdpsXbßp

kΩ-Xn-®p sImSp-°p∂ coXn bp‡n-

k-la√. \mw A\p-h¿Øn-®p-t]m-cp∂

aXw bp‡n-k-l-amb ]›m-Øew

AXn\v {]Zm\w sNøp-∂n-s√-¶n¬

AXn-ep≈ hnizm-kyX km[m-c-W-K-

Xn-bn¬ \jvS-s∏-Sp-hm≥ CS-h-cp-∂p.

Imc-Ww, _u≤nI KW-Øn¬s]-´-h-

\mWv a\p-jy≥. F√m-‰n\pw Xs‚

[nj-Wbv°v icn-bm-bXpw bp‡n-`-{Z-

hp-amb DØ-c-ßƒ Ah≥ {]Xo-£n-

°p-∂p. Xs‚ k¶¬]-Øn-s‚tbm

A\p-`-h-Øn-s‚tbm ]cn-[n-°-IØv

hcm-ØtXm bp‡n-bpsS sh√p-hn-

fnsb t\cn-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bm-ØtXm

Bb H∂nepw Ah\v t_m[yw hcp-

∂n-√. bp‡n hnNm-c-W-io-e-\mb

Hcmƒ IqSp-X¬ hy‡-amb ASn-ÿm-

\-Øn¬ Nn¥n-°p-∂p. Abm-fpsS hmZ-

ßƒ \∂mbn t_m[y-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw ka-

{Khpw IqSp-X¬ sa®-s∏´ B[n-Im-cn-

I-X-tbmSp IqSn -b-Xp-am-bn -cn -°pw.

Abmƒ°v ]nghv ]‰m-\p≈ km[yX

Xmc-X-tay\ Ipd-hm-Wv. BI-bm¬ Hcp

\√ Pohn-X-coXn A\p-h¿Øn-°m≥

a\p-jys\ Alzm\w sNøp∂ aXw

]p\-cp-∞m-\sØ Ipdn®pw ac-Wm-\-¥-

cPo-hn-XsØ°pdn-®p-ap≈ hnizm-k-

Øn\v \√ km[q-I-cWw apt∂m-´p-sh-

°-Ww.

]p\-cp-∞m\w]p\-cp-∞m\w]p\-cp-∞m\w]p\-cp-∞m\w]p\-cp-∞m\w

F√m aX-Øn -s‚bpw XØz-

imkv{Xw ac -Wm -\ -¥c Pohn -X -

Øne[njvTn-X-am-Wv. Cu aX-ßfmWv

\∑-I-fp-sSbpw [m¿an-I-X-bp-sSbpw


teJ

\w


\mw aÆm-sW-∂n-cns° \mw Hcp

]pXnb krjvSn-bmbn ho≠pw DZbw

sNøptam?'' (13 :6) . LS-I-ßsf

kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°p∂Xn¬ {]IrXn ]men-

°p∂ Af-hnepw tXmXn -ep -ap≈

hyXym-k-Øn-em-Wv, aqe-h-kvXp-hne√

kky-tem-IØv AXns‚ ssPh-]m-c-

ºcyw \ne -\n¿Øn -s°m-≠p≈

sshhn[yw krjvSn°s∏-Sm≥ Imc-

Ww.

ico -c -Øn¬ \n∂v Bflmhv

th¿s]-Sp∂ t\cØv B¿Pn-X-am-bn-

cp∂ AtX-co-Xn-bn¬ ac-W-s∏-Sp-∂-bm-

fn¬ \n∂v ]pXp krjvSn-bn-te-°p-≈

AtX t_m[y-{]-Xn⁄bpsS kw{I-a-

W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ktμ-l-hm-Zn-I-

fpsS kwi-b-ßƒ°pw, ]g°w h∂

Aÿn-I-fpsS Ah-in-jvS-ßƒ°v

B¿ Fßs\ tNX\ \¬Ipw F∂

Ah-cpsS tNmZy-Øn\pw DØ-c-ambn

Ah-s°-Xnsc AtX \ymb-hm -Z -

Øns‚ Bbp[w Jp¿-B≥ D]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p. \mw hnizm-kn-°p-∂-

Xns\ Xnc-kvI-cn-°m≥ \sΩ t{]cn-∏n-

°p-∂-h-cpsS _p≤n-i-‡n°v apºmsI

Hc-t\z-j-W-{]-tabw Jp¿-B≥ ka¿∏n-

°p -∂p. F∂n´ v ac -Wm -\ -¥cw

Bflmhv sNs∂-Øp-∂-Xn-t‚-Xmb

]p\¿÷\\ {]{In-bsb Nn{Xo-I-cn-

°p-∂-Xn-te-°m-bn, a\p-jy≥ Cu

temI-Øn-te°v IS-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xn-s‚,

imco-cnIP\-\-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn-te°v

{i≤ £Wn-®p -sIm≠v Jp¿-B≥

tNmZn-°p∂p: "Hcp _oPm-¶-W-Øn¬

\n∂v \mw a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-

∂p-sh∂v Ah≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂nt√?

]t£ Ah≥ Hcp Xpd∂ i_vZ-

tLmjw apg--°p-∂-h-\m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw

Ah≥ Xs‚ kz¥w krjvSn-{]-{In-

bsb ad-°p-Ibpw F∂n´p \ΩpsS

krjvSn-sb-°p-dn®v Hcp-]mSv kn≤m-¥-

ßƒ Na-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

F√p-Isf Ah Po¿W-am-°p-tºmƒ

B¿ tNX\ \¬Ip-sa-∂-h≥ tNmZn-

°p-∂p. DØ-c-an-Xm, BZy-h´w AXp

krjvSn-®-Xmtcm Ah≥ Ahbv°v

ssNX\yw \¬Ipw. F√m krjvSn-I-

sf-°p-dn®pw Ah≥ ]q¿W-ambpw Adn-

hp-≈-h-\mWv'. (36:80)

AXm-b-Xv, B[p-\nI P\n-XI

imkv{X-ssi-en-bn¬ ]mc-º-cy-sa∂v

]d-bp-∂-Xmb Xß-fpsS Ip™p-ß-fn-

te°v ]nXr -Xz -t_m -[ -a -\ - ns‚

At\Iw ̀ mh-ßƒ ]I¿∂p \¬Ip∂

Xp—-amb tcXkvIW-Øn¬ \n∂v a\p-

jys\ krjvSn-®-h-\mWv ssZhw. AXp-

t]mse AtX KXn-{Iaw ]pXnb cq]-

Øn¬ Ah≥ ]n¥p-S-cp-Ibpw AZr-iy-

amb Ft¥m H∂v ac-W-k-a-bØv ac-

W-s∏-Sp -∂-h-\n¬ \n∂v aptºm´p

t]mhp--Ibpw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS K¿`-Øn¬

Xßp-Ibpw At\Iw kz`m-h-ßsfbpw

ap≥Po -hs‚ t_m[-a -\ - ns\

Xs∂bpw AtX-]Sn {]Xn-̂ -en-∏n-°p-∂-

Xp-amb ASpØ P∑-Øns‚ ]pXp-kr-

jvSn°v P∑w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

k¿h krjvSn-I-fnepw AS-ßn-bn-´p≈

LS-I-ß-fpsS Ign-hnepw khn-ti-j-X-

bnepw ]q¿W-amb Adn-hp-≈-h-\mWv

ssZhw (36:80). {]kvXm-hnX Jp¿-B-\n-

I-kq‡w A{]-Imcw sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈

ssZhn -I-amb Ign -hns‚ ImcWw

hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Hmtcm krjvSn-bp-

tSbpw khn-tij KpW-Øn-t‚-Xmb

BXy-¥n-I-⁄m\w Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂-Xp-sIm≠v Hmtcm-Xcw tIh-e-⁄m-

\sØ Cu kq‡w ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p.

ac-Wm-\-¥-cPo-hnXw

C\n ac-Wm-\-¥-Po-hnXw Ds≠-∂p-

≈-Xns‚ bp‡n \ymb-ßƒ ]cn-tim-

[n-°mw. AXn-\p≈ A\p-`-h-]-c-amb

\n¿tZi-ßƒ \ΩpsS bp‡n-Nn-¥bv°v

apºmsI Jp¿-B≥ sIm≠p-h-cp-∂p.

A°m-cy -Øn-ep≈ ]n≥_-e-ambn

\ΩpsS Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fnse Xs∂ anI®

ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ°p ta¬ AXp \nco-

£Ww \S-Øp-∂p. F∂m¬ a\p-jy≥

Cu bmZr-—n-I-X-bpsS bmYm¿Yyw

Xpd∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-Xn¬ F°m-ehpw

sshapJyw ImWn-®p-t]m-∂p. C{]-

Imcw ]d-bm-\p≈ Iq¿a-_p-≤n-bmWv

Ah-\p-≈Xv: "\nßƒ hmKvZm\w sNøp-

∂-Xmb AXv kXy-Øn¬ \n∂v Gsd

hnZq-c-am-b-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv bp‡n°v

Xo¿Øpw \nc-°m-Ø-Xv. Cu temI-Øv

\ΩpsS Ct∏m-gsØ Pohn-X-a-√m-Ø-

sXm∂pw Xs∂ C√m-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p. Poh-

\n-√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp∂p \mw, Poh-\p-≈-

Xmbn At∏mƒ ]ns∂ \mw ho≠pw D-

b¿Øs∏-Sp -I-bn√ Xs∂' (23:83)

Ah≥ XpS¿∂p tNmZn°pw "F¥v! ac-

W-s∏´ Rm≥ ho≠pw Poh-t\msS

sIm≠p-h-c-s∏-Sptam?' (19:67) Jp¿-B≥

{]kvXp-X-hm-Z-ap-JsØ \ncm-I-cn-°p-

Ibpw C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. apºv Ah≥ H∂p-a-√m-Xm-bn-

cp-∂-t∏mƒ \mw Ahs\ krjvSn-®p

F∂Xv a\p-jy≥ Hm¿°p-∂nt√' (19:68).

Ah≥ At∏mƒ ho≠pw tNmZyw D∂-

bn-°p-∂p. "\mw icn°pw Dbn¿Ø-s∏-

Sptam?' Jp¿-B≥ Ah¿°v adp-]Sn

\¬Ip-∂p. "tl! \o It√m Ccptºm

krjvSn-bpsS G‰hpw ISp-Ø-Xm-bn-

´p≈ as‰-sX-¶nepw cq]tam Bbn-cp-

∂mepw Dbn¿Ø-s∏-Spw.' Cu {]Xyp-

Øcw kwi-bm-ep-°-fpsS a\- ns\

Ipg-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ Ah≥ tNmZn-

°pw. "F¶n¬ ]ns∂ Pohn-X-Øn-

te°v Rßsf XncnsI sIm≠p-h-

cnI BcmWv?'. Jp¿-B≥ Dd® kzc-

Øn¬ AXn\v DØcw \evIp∂p:

BZy-Øn¬ \ns∂ krjvSn-®-h≥

Xs∂. (17:22).

ac-Wm-\-¥cw Bflmhv IS-∂p-

t]m-Ip-∂-Xmb ]p\¿P∑-{]-{Inb a\-

n-em-°m≥ Cu Pohn-X-Øn-te-°p≈

a\p-jy-i-co-c-Øn-t‚-Xmb AZv`pX

{]Xn-`m-k-ß-fn-te°v XpS¿∂v Jp¿-

B≥ Ah-cpsS {i≤ £Wn-°p-∂p.

F∂n´v Ah≥ Xs∂ \ne-hn¬ h∂

krjvSn-bpsS {]{In-bsb ad-∂p-I-f-bp-

Ibpw AXns\- w-_-‘n® Hcp ]mSv

kn≤m-¥-ßƒ Xń-°q-´p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. F√p-Isf Ah- Po¿Wn-®-tijw

B¿ Poh-Øm°pw F∂-h≥ ho≠pw

tNmZn-°p-∂p. Jp¿-B≥ Ah-tcmSv ]d-

bm≥ \tΩmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. BZy-

Øn¬ Ahsc krjvSn-®-h≥ Xs∂

Ahsc Poh-Øm-°pw. Hmtcm Xcw

krjvSn-bnepw AS-ßn-bn-́ p≈ hkvXp-

°-fpsS KpW-[¿a-ßsf Xncn-®-dn-bp-

∂-h-\s{X Ah≥. BIm-i-ßfpw

`qanbpw krjvSn® Ah\v

Ahsbt∏mep-≈h krjvSn-°m-\p≈

i‡n-bn -s√t∂m? AsX Ah≥

Xs∂-bmWv ]c-a-{k-jvSm-hv, k¿h-

⁄≥ (36-̨ 82). "F{X IrX-Lv\-\m-W-

h≥. F¥n¬ \n∂mWv Xm≥ krjvSn-

°-s∏-´-sX∂v Ah≥ KmV-ambn

Nn¥n-°-s´. Hcp _oP-_n-μp-hn¬

\n∂v ssZhw Ahs\ krjvSn-°p-I-

bpw tXmXp \n¿W-bn -°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. XpS¿∂v Ah\v Ffp-∏-amb

Hcp ]Ÿmhpw \¬In. AXn-\p-tijw

Ahs\ acn-°m-\n-S-h-cp-Øn. Ah-

\p≈ ivaim-\-hpw ˛ arX-tK-lhpw ˛

G¿s∏-Sp-Øn. XpS¿∂v Ah≥ C—n-

°p-tºmƒ Ahs\ Dbn¿Øp-Ibpw

sNøpw. (80:18-˛23).

a\p-jy\v \¬I-s∏-ń-´p≈ {]Ir-

Xn-Z-Ø-amb A]m-c-I-gn-hp-Iƒ D∂-X-

amb Hcp e£yw Ahs\ ImØn-cn-

°p-∂p-sh∂v ImWn-°p-∂p. ùXn-I-

i-cocw Cu Ign-hp-I-fpsS ]q¿W



hf¿®vbv°v A]-cym -] vXhpw

sRcp°w krjvSn -°p-∂-Xp-a-s{X.

BI-bm¬ Cu e£y-{]m-]vXn-°mbn

ssZhw Ah\v Hcp arX-tKlw \n›-

bn -®n -cn -°p -∂p. a\p -jy≥ Cu

ùXnIhmk-ÿ-e-Øp-\n∂v hnap-‡-

\m-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ A\-¥-amb ]ptcm-

K -Xn -bn -te -°p≈ {]bm -W-Øn\v

Bcw`w Ipdn-°p∂ Hcn-S-tØ°v {]th-

in -°p-∂p. ivaim-\w, arX-tKlw

Fs∂ms° ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Jp¿-B≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv ùXn-I-amb

ih-°-√-d-b-√. adn®v ac-W-Øn-\p-ti-

j-ap≈ Bflm-hns\ ]q¿W-h-f¿®-bn-

te°v \bn-°p∂ hmk-ÿ-e-am-Wv.

a\p -jys‚ Db¿Øs∏S-ens\

kw_-‘n-®p≈ kwK-Xn-bn¬ Ahs‚

ùam-kvXn-Xz-Øns‚ Bh-iy-I-X-°-\p-

kr-X-amb a\p-jy-kr-jvSn-bpsS {]{In-

b-bn-te°v Bh¿Øn-®p≈ Ah-Kml

Nn¥ £Wn-°-s∏-Sp -∂p. amwkw,

Aÿn, c‡w, t]in, Xe-t®m-d-S-°w

Ahs‚ F√m KpW-ßfpw Hcp ]cn-

]q¿W kq£va-{]-]-©sØ Dƒs°m-

≈p-∂p. {]kvXpX a\p-jy-i-co -c -

Øns‚ k¶o¿W-sa-¶nepw AZv`p-Xm-

h-l-ambn GtIm-]n-X-am-bn-´p≈ _e-

X{¥w A∏m-sSbpw A¥¿`qX-am-bn-cn-

°p-∂Xv Hcp {Zhy-_n-μp-hns‚ kq£va-

`m-h-sØ-°mƒ AXn-kq-£va-am-bp-≈-

Xn-em-Wv. k¿h-⁄m-\n-bmb Hcp

{kjvSm-hn-\m¬ \¬I-s∏´ \nc-h[n

aS-ßp≈ Zm\-Øn-∂-\p-kr-X-am-bp≈

\nb-Xn-{I-a-Øn¬ Cu {Zhy-_nμp Hcp

]pXnb krjvSn°v cq]w \¬Ip∂p

(23:15) P\-\-Øn¬ ]ns∂ Pohn-X-

Øns‚ Hmtcm afi-e-ß-fnepw

G‰hpw henb t\´-ap-≠m-°m≥ Ign-

hp-≈, _p≤n-ssh-`-h-ap≈ Hcp a\p-

jy-Po-hn-bmbn ]q¿WX {]m]n-°p-∂p.

{]kvXpX apgp-h≥ {]{In-b-bp-sSbpw

tI{μw Bflm-hm-Wv. Bflm-hns‚

C—w {]I-S-t\m-]m-[n-sb∂ ÿnXn-bn-

ep≈ HchiyLS-I-amWv ico-cw. AXv

ùa-Po-hn-X-ÿn-Xn-K-Xn-Iƒs°mØv

s]mcp-Ø-s∏-́ p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw {Ia-s∏-Sp-

Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Hcp \n¿ZnjvS

Imew hsc Bflmhpw ico-chpw

tN¿∂v HtcIam-Ip∂p ˛ t`Zn-°m≥

Ign-bm-ØXv ˛ ]n∂oSv th¿s∏-Sp-∂p.

`qan-bnse Pohn-X-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-am-

W-Xv. ]t£ AXv Pohn-X-Øns‚

Xs∂ A¥y-a-√. Bflmhv ]ns∂ Hcp

]p\¿P∑-{]-{In-b-bn-te°v IS-°p-

Ibpw B KXn-{I-a-Øn¬ AsXmcp

]pXnb ]pd-t¥mSv hnI-kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. ]c-tem-Im-h-ÿ-Iƒ°v

A\p-tbm-Pyhpw {Ia-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xp-

amb Hcp ssZh hkvXp-hmWv AXns‚

êw. Aßs\ ""Aÿn-Iƒ Poh-Øm-

°-s∏-Sp-∂p.'' ]t£ Ah Bflm-hn¬

\n∂p-X-s∂-bmWv Poh-Øm-°-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv. Ah≥ F√m Hmtcm-Xcw krjvSn-

bpsS KpW-[¿a-ßsf \∂mbn Adn-

bp-∂p. (36.80) F∂p-≈Xv Hcp amXr-

K¿`-Ønse {`qW-Øns‚ Poh-Øm-

°¬ as‰mcp krjvSn -b-te-°p≈

AXns‚ hnIm-ksØ°pdn-®n-cn-°p-∂-

Xp-t]m-se-Øs∂ (23:15) Cu Aÿn-

Isf Poh-Øm-°¬ Hcp ]pXnb Xcw

krjvSn-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw Jp¿-B≥

(71:19) kv]jvS-ambpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

ac-W-Øns‚ L´-Øn¬ Bflmhv

AXp ImØn-cn-°p∂p. ac-W-Øns‚

L´-Øn¬ Bflmhv AXp ImØn-cn-

°p∂ kºq¿W PohnX kw_-‘n-

bmb ]c-tem-Im-h-ÿ-Iƒ°v th≠-

hn-[-ap-≈Xpw A\p-tbm-Py-hp-amb Ign-

hp-Iƒ hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-∂m-bp≈ ˛

amXr-K¿`-Øn-se-Ønb _oP-_n-μp-hn-

s\-t∏m-se-bp≈ L´-Øn-em-Ip-∂p.

Cu {]{In-b-bn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-b-Xn-\p-

ti-jw ]pXp-Po-hn-X-Øn-te-°p≈ P\-

\-amWv Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]v. A√msX

Dt±-iy-c-ln-X-ambn Ah≥ Dt]-£n-°-

s∏-Spsa∂v Ah≥ Icp-Xp-∂pt≠m?

Hcp hnk¿÷nX _nμp-hm-bn-cp-∂nt√

Ah≥. ]ns∂ Hcp ]nfi-am-bn-Øo-

cp-∂p. XpS¿∂v ssZhw Ahs\ BIm-

c-ap-≈-h\pw {Ia-_-≤-X-bp-ap-≈-h-\p-am-

°n. F∂n-´-hsc kv{Xo]p-cpj Zzμ-am-

°n. ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂v Pohn-X-Øn-

te°v sIm≠p-h-cm-\p≈ Ignhv Ah-

\n-s√t∂m? (75:37-̨ 41) ]c-temI hnizm-

k-an-√m-Ø-h-cpsS akvXn-jv°-ßƒ°v

bp‡m-[n-jvTnX \nK-a-\-ßƒ A\ymb-

am-bp-≈-h-bm-Wv. AXv kΩ-Xn-®p-X-

cp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Ah¿ Akln-

jvWp-°-fp-am-Wv. Ah¿ aqSn-sh-°p-∂-

sX-¥v, shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-sX¥v F∂Xv

Xo¿Øpw ssZh-Øn-\-dnbmw. Xo¿®-

bmbpw ssZhw Ak-ln-jvWp-°-sf,

Zpc-l-¶m-cn -Isf CjvS-s∏-Sp -∂n√.

\ns‚ \mY≥ a\p-jy¿°mbn shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn-b-sX-{Xtbm D÷z-e-am-sW∂v

Ah-tcmSv ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ah¿ X¿°p-

Øcw ]d-bp∂p: "]g-©≥am-cpsS

shdpw sI´p-I-Y-Iƒ (16:23˛-25)

krjvSn-bpsS Dt±iyw

{]]-©hpw AXns\ Npgv∂p≈

F√mw Xs∂bpw krjvSn-°-s∏-´Xv

hrYm-hn-e-√, adn®v Hcp \nbp-‡-amb

Ime-tØ°v \o°vt]m-°n-√mØ Dt±-

iy-tØmSp IqSn-bm-Wv. Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu

ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ Hcp-d® hnizm-k-Øn-

\p≈ {]_-e-amb If-sam-cp-°p-∂-

XmWv Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠nse˛AXv

Ah-km -\n -°m -dmb ka-bØv

Xs∂˛imkv{X-Øns‚ Hcp khn-tij

ap{Z. AXm-bXv F√mw-Xs∂ F{X-

am{Xw ka-RvP-k-am-bn-́ mWv Hcp-°n-bn-

´p -≈-sX-∂-Xn -s\-°p-dn®v \ΩpsS

ùXnI krjvSn-Iƒ°p-a-∏pdw Gsd

{Kln-°m-\p≈ ssZhnI kXy-ßƒ

\ne-\n-ev°p-∂p. AZr-iy-amb Ft¥m

H∂v ac-W-k-a-bØv ac-W-s∏-Sp-∂-h-

\n¬ \n∂v aptºm´p t]mhp-Ibpw

{]Ir -Xn -bpsS K¿` -Øn¬ Xßn -

\n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXm-bXv

Imcy-Im-c-W-hy-hÿ \ns‚ c£n-Xm-

hn-se-Øp-∂tXmsS AXn\v Adp-Xn-h-

cp-∂p-sh∂ Jp¿-Bs‚ {]kvXm-h-\°v

t\sc-bp-≠m-bn-´p≈ ap≥Ime Itø-

‰-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Ct∏mƒ CXv XnI®pw

kpc-£n-X-sa∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. \mw

Poh-\n-√m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥

\ap°v Poh≥ \¬In. XpS¿∂v Ah≥

\sΩ ac-W-s∏-Sm-\n-S-bm-°p-∂p-sh∂v

a\- n-em-°p-tºmƒ ssZhw \sΩ

ho≠pw Hcp Pohn-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-

hcpw F∂ Ahs‚ Bh¿Øn-®p≈

Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Isf \ntj-[n-°m≥

\ap-°m-hp-∂-sX-ßs\?

\mw {Zhn®v Aÿn-Itfm G‰hpw

sNdnb {Zhy-]-Zm¿Y-ßtfm Bbn-

Øo¿∂m¬t]mepw {]]-©-am-k-Iew

h¿Øn-°p∂ ssZhnI \nb-a-ßƒ°v

\n¿Poh hkvXp-°-fn¬ \n∂v Poh-\p-

≈-Xn-s\bpw adn®pw Duń-b-Sp-°m-

\p≈ i‡n-bp-s≠∂p Jp¿-Bs‚

{]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n∂p sXfn-bp-∂p-

≠v. (3.28) ""Poh≥ F∂-sX¥,v AsX-

hnsS Bcw-`n-°p-∂p, F∂o Zpcq-l-X-

Iƒ 1993-˛¬ At\z-jW hnt[-b-am-

°sh GsXmcp km[m-cW A¿Y-

Ønepw Poh-\p -≈-X-√mØ {Zhy-

Øns‚ AXn-kq-£va ]Zm¿-Yamb

X≥am-{X-bpsS kz`mhw Aº-cn-∏n-

°p∂ hn[-Øn¬ Poh-k-am-\-am-bn-cn-

°p-∂p-sh∂v I≠v imkv{X-⁄≥am¿

kvX_v[-cm-bn-t∏mbn. F√m tImi-Øn-

s‚bpw tImi-tI- {μ -ßfn¬

{]apJamb-Xmb tImi-{Z-hm-æ-Øns‚

Hcev]w Akm-[m-c-W-amw-hn[w kl-

tPm≥ap-J-sa∂v sXfn-bn-°p-I-bp-≠m-



bn. AXp cq]o-Ir-X-ambn Hcp aWn-°q-dn-\Iw Hcp \nco-£-W-\m-fn-bnsessPh-h-kvXp-hn\v X¬k-a-cq-]-ß-fp-≠m-°n. Gsd-Øm-a-kn-bmsX {]Xn-cq-]-ßƒ ]pXn-bXpw A{]-Xo-£n-X-hp-amb cmk-{In-b-Iƒ \S-Øm-\p≈Ignhv hnI-kn-∏n-®p-Xp-S-ßn. kq£va-\n-co -£Ww \S -Øn -s°m-≠n -cp∂imkv{X⁄¿ Aº-c-∂p. DtØ-Pn-X-cmbn AZv`pXw Iqdn. Poh≥ Cß-s\tbm? ktN-X-\sØ AtN-X-\-bn¬\n∂v hyXykvXam°p∂ Poh≥ Xzcn-∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚ ISº adn-I-S-°p-∂-Xn¬C{X-b-SpØv apsºm∂pw cmk-K-th-j-W-im-e-bnse \n¿an-X-ßƒ FØp-I-bp-≠m-bn-ń-√.

\mw ac-W-s∏-´m¬ ho≠pw ]pXp-kr-jvSn-bmbn Db¿Ø-s∏-Sm≥ t]mIp-∂n√ F∂ \ntj-[n-I-fpsS hmZw ]cn-K -W-\o -b -a -√. {]]©w krjvSn -°s∏´XmsW∂pw AXns‚ \nb-a-ßƒ [nj-W-mimenbmb a\pjys\hsc Dev]mZn∏n°m\mhiyambLSIßƒ DƒsIm≈p∂ps≠-∂p-ap≈ hkvXpX Xs∂-bmWv AXn\v

Imc-Ww. a‰p hm°p-I-fn¬ ]d-™m¬{]]©w AXnt‚-Xmb kz¥w Bfl-hn-thIw kwL-Sn-∏n-s®-Sp-Øn-´p-s≠-∂Xv Xs∂. AXn\v ]pd-In¬ BtcmHcmƒ h¿Øn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-\p≈i‡-amb Hcp sXfn-hm-Ip∂p CXv.F√m i‡n-I-fp-sSbpw Dev]-Øn-Im-c\pw {kjvSm-hp-am-bn-´p≈ k¿h-Xn\pw ta¬ c£m-I¿XrXzw hln-°p∂ _p≤n-ssh-̀ -h-ap≈ Hcp kwhn-[mbI\memWv Chsb√mw kpÿm-]n-X-am-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂Xv. ssZhn-I-\n-b -a -ß-tfmS v _m≤y-ÿ-am -bmWvHmtcm-∂n\pw AXns‚ AkvXn-XzhpwPo¿W\hpw Pohn-Xhpw ac-W-hp-ap-≈Xv F∂-Xn\v CXv ASn-h-c-bn-Sp∂p.krjvSn-bpsS {Iao-I-c-Whpw Ah-t‚-Xpam{Xw (57:3) Cu hN\w ùXn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb hyh-ÿ-bn-ep≈ ssZhn-I-\n-ba{]h¿Ø-\sØhn`m-h\w sNøm≥ ˛ Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂v \nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øm-hp∂ ˛Ahs‚ KpW-[¿aßƒ \sΩ klm-bn-°p-∂p.

Jp¿ -B≥ AXns‚ F√m

{]Xy£ {]am-W-ßƒ°p-sa∂ t]mseXs∂ ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-X-Øn-te°pw

AXns\ Np‰n-∏-‰n-bp≈ F√m-‰n-te-°pw-Xs‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n-eq-sS-bp-≠m-Ip∂ D∂-Xn-bn-te°pw \o°p-t]m-°n-

√m-ØXpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb bp‡n-Iƒ \nc-Øp-∂p. AXns\ bYm¿Yhpwauen-I-hp-am-°p∂ hn[-Øn-ep≈ {Ia-hr-≤-amb Nn{Xo-I-c-W-ßƒ hnj-b-kw-

_-‘n-bmbn AXp \nth-Z\w sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Dev]-Øn-Im-c\pw{kjvSm-hp-am-b-hs‚ _p≤n-ssh-`-h-Øn\p Iogn¬ am\-h-[n-jW B¿Pn-

X-am-Ip-∂-Xn\v apºm-bn, BIm-i-ßƒ°pw ̀ qan°pw Zi-e-£-°-W-°n\vh¿j-ß-fn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-tI-≠n-h-

∂p. Cu hnIm-k-]-cn -Wm-a-Øns‚Zo¿L-Ime kml-kn-I-X-bpsS {Iam-\p-K-X-amb hnj-b-kq-Nn a\p-jy-L-S\AXns‚ ]Zm¿Y-cq-]-Øn¬ Ah-km-\-

sØ-Xm-Ip-I hsø∂pw adn®v AXns‚\nc-¥c ]ptcm-K-Xn°v A\n-hm-cy-am-bp≈ Hcp ]≤Xn {Ia-amWv ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-sa-∂p-≈Xv hy‡-am-Ipw.

Xs‚ {kjvSm-hmb ssZhsØ Xncn-

®-dn-bp-Ibpw Ahs\ {]m]n-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xn\v th≠n-bmWv a\p-jy≥

krjvSn-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ DZvtLm-jn-°p-∂p. krjvSn-

Ip-tem-Ø-a\pw {]]-©-kr-jvSn-∏ns‚

kmcmw -i -hp -am -Ip∂p a\pjy≥.

AYhm a\pjy-\m-Wv ssZh-Øns‚

]c-tImSn krjvSn-Pm-e-ß-fn¬ AZzn-Xo-

b-ÿm-\Øv \n¬°p-∂-Xv. ss[j-

WnI t{ijvT-Xbpw ]mh-\-{]-Ir-Xnbpw

D¬Ir-jvS-amb i‡n-hn-ti-j-ßfpw

Ah-\n¬ {]Zm\w sNø-s∏-́ n-́ p-≠v. a\p-

jys‚ tkh-\-Øn\pw {]tbm-P-\-Øn-

\p-ambn ̀ qan-bn-ep-≈-sXm-s°bpw \mw

krjvSn®p (2:30) F∂pw Xo¿®-bmbpw

BZw k¥-Xn-Isf \mw _lp-am-\n-®n-

cn-°p∂p (17:71) F∂pw ]cn-ip≤

{]Ir-X-nbn¬ a\p-jy-sc√mw krjvSn-

°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p (30:31) F∂p-ap≈

Znhy-]-cma¿i-ßƒ a\pjy\v e`y-am-

bn-cn-°p∂ ÿm\-a-l-Xzhpw AwKo-

Im-c-hp-am-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ X∂n¬

A¥¿eo-\-am-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ Ign-hp-

I-sfbpw {]m]vXn-I-sfbpw ssZho-I-

Kp-W-ßƒ°\p-tcm-[-amb coXn-bn¬

A\n-hm-cy-ambpw ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-s®-Sp-

t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv. At∏m-gmWv

Xs‚ krjvSn-bp-t±iyw A¿Y-]q¿W-

am-°m≥ a\p-jy\v km[n-°p-∂-Xv.

Imem-Im-e-ß-fn¬ BK-X-cmb ssZh-

Zq-X-∑m¿ am\-h-k-aq-lsØ B\-bn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv al-Ømb Cu cmP-

am¿K-Øn-te°v Xs∂-bm-bn-cp -∂p.

F∂m¬ \nc-¥-c-amb ]cn-{i-a-ß-fn-eq-

sSbpw I¿Ω-`-cn-X-amb Pohn-X-Øn-eq-

sS-bp-amWv Cu DØpwK tkm]m-\-Øn-

se-Øm≥ Ign-bp-I. CXp kw_-‘-

ambn hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

""\ΩpsS Imcy-Øn¬ ]cn-{i-an-°p-∂-

h-cmtcm Ahsc Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw

\ΩpsS am¿K-ß-fn¬ \bn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

A√mlp \n›-b-ambpw kZvhrØ-

cpsS IqsS-bm-Ip-∂p.'' (29:70). "" Hm a\p-

jym, \o \ns‚ \mY-\n-te°v AXy-

{]m¿Y-\-bn-eq-sS-bmWv a\p-jy≥ Bflo-b-X-bpsS

DØpwK tkm]m-\-ß-fn-te°v Ib-dn-t∏m-Ip-∂Xv


teJ

\w


[zm\w hgn FØp-∂-h\pw F∂n v́ \o

Ahs\ I≠p-ap-́ p-∂-h-\p-am-Wv.'' (84:7)

ssZhoI klm-b-Øns‚ Bh-iy-IX

a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bn¬ Zu¿_-ey-

ßfpw \yq\-X-I-fp-a-S-ßn-bn-´p -≠v.

AXn\m¬ k¿hm-[n-\m-Y-\mb Xs‚

c£n-Xm -hp -ambn kZm _‘w

]pe¿Øm≥ a\pjy≥ _m[y-ÿ-\m-

Ip-∂p. Pohn-X-Øn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ Ipd-hp-

Ifpw A]N-b-ßfpw ]cn-lr-X-am-Ip-

hm\pw Bflo-bm-̀ n-hr≤n ssIh-cn-°p-

hm\pw km[n-°p-∂Xv, ssZh-Øns‚

klm-b-Øm-em-Ip-∂p. klm-b-Øn\v

th≠n-bp≈ Bflm¿YX tX-Sep-am-

Ip∂p {]m¿Y-\. at\m-th-Z\ \nd™

hnem-]-amWv krjvSnsb {kjvSmhp-

ambn _‘n-∏n -°p-∂-Xv. "\nßƒ

Fs∂ hnfn-°p-hn≥, Rm≥ \nßƒ°v

DØcw \evImw'. "`b-tØmSpw {]Xym-

i-tbm-Sp-wIqSn \nßƒ {]m¿Yn-°p-

hn≥, F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ kq‡-ßƒ

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ImWmw. Xs‚

Zmk-tcm-Sp≈ kvt\l-hm-’-eysØ

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ssZh-Øns‚ Cu

]cm-a¿i-ßƒ Ahs‚ AXy-[n-I-amb

Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ \nZ¿i\w IqSn-bm-Ip-

∂p. Xs‚ At\Iw {]m¿Y-\-Iƒ

ssZh-k-a£w kzoI-cn-°-s∏-´-Xn-\v

km£n-bmb hmKvZØ alvZo akolv

(A) CXp kw_-‘n®p ]d-bp∂p:

""{]m¿Y\ \nc¿Y-Ihpw Abp-‡n-hp-

amb Imcy-am-sW∂v Ahn-th-In-Iƒ

Icp-Xp-∂p. F∂m¬ {]m¿Y\ sIm≠p-

am-{X-am-Wv {]Xm-]-hm-\mb A√mlp

Xs∂ At\z-jn-°p-∂-h-cpsS ta¬

Xs‚ t{kmX v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-sX-

∂pw, ""A\¬ Jm-Zn¿- F∂ t_m[\w

AhcpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn-en-Sp-∂-sX∂pw

Ah-c-dn-bp-∂n-√.'' (a¬^q-km-Øv)

Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚ BI¿jWw

e£y-km-^-ey -Øn-\p≈ Ah-

tiym -]m -[n -bm -Ip∂p {]m¿Y-\.

Bflm¿Yhpw \njvI-f-¶-hp-amb Hcm-

fpsS hnem-]w ssZh-km-ao-]y-Øn-\p≈

\nan-Ø-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. ]nd-∂p-ho-gp∂

inip-hns‚ Ic-®nepw amXr-kvX-\-

Øn¬ £ocw Npc-Øp-∂Xpw XΩn¬

At`-Zy-amb _‘-ap-≈-Xp-t]mse

at\m-th-Z\ \nd™ Zmks‚ tcmZ-\-

am-Wv ssZho-I-Im-cp-WysØ X∂n-te-

°mI¿jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. AYhm a\p-

jys‚ hnIm-c-`-cn-X-amb tX´w ssZh-

Øns‚ "kn^sØ dlo-an-øØv' shfn-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ hgn-sbm-cp-°p-∂p.

hmKvZØ ako-lv(-A) Acp-fp∂p:

""{]m¿Yn-°p-Isb∂-Xv A√m-lp-hns‚

{]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-a-\p-k-cn-®p-≈-Xm-Wv. DZm-

l-c -W-Øn -\ v , Ipń Ic-bpIbpw

hnjaw {]I-Sn -∏n -°p -Ibpw

sNøptºmƒ amXmhv hfsc Akz-ÿ-

bmbn ape-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv \mw I≠p-

h-cp-∂p. {kjvSmhpw krjvSnbpw

XΩn¬ Cu coXn-bn-ep≈ Hcp _‘-

ap-≠v. AXv a\- n-em-°m≥ F√m-

h¿°pw km[y-a-√. a\p-jy≥ A√m-lp-

hns‚ khn-[-Øn¬ hogp-Ibpw hfsc

hn\-b-tØmSpw `‡n-tbmSpw IqSn

Ahs‚ Xncp-ap-ºn¬ Xs‚ Ahÿ

ka¿∏n-°p-Ibpw Ah-\n¬ \n∂v

Xs‚ Bhiyw tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-

tºmƒ A√mlphns‚ Zbm-t_m[w

hnPyw-`n-°p-Ibpw `‡-Zm-ks‚ ta¬

IcpW sNmcn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-lm-in- m-Ip∂

]mev Hcp Ic-®n¬ B{K-ln-°p-∂p.

AXp-sIm≠v Ahs‚ Xncpap-ºn¬

IÆo¿ hm¿°p∂ \b\w ka¿∏n-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv.'' (a¬^q-km-Øv)

a\p-jys‚ alXzw

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse {]mcw-`m-

≤ymbamb kqdm-^m-Øn-lm-bn¬

hnh-cn-°-s∏´ ssZho-I-Kp-W-\m-a-ßƒ

{it≤-b-am-Wv. "d∫p¬ Be-ao≥'

k¿h-tem-I-]-cn-]m-e-I≥ F∂-XmWv

H∂m-asØ ssZho-I-Kp-Ww. apgp-h≥

temIhpw ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-]m-e-\-

Øn\v hnt[-b-am-Wv. a\p-jycpw arK-

ßfpw a‰p Poh-Pm-e-ß-fp-sams° ]cn-

]m-en-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv "d∫p¬ Be-ao≥'

F∂ ssZhoI kn -̂Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-

\-Øn-em-Wv. XpS¿∂v "A¿dlvam≥'

F∂ ssZhoIKpWsØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂p. AYhm a\p-jy¿°pw a‰p

Poh-Pm-e-ßƒ°p-sa√mw \ne-\n-ev°p-

∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb kqcy≥, N{μ≥,

hmbp, Pew XpS-ßnb F√m kwhn-

[m-\-ßfpw ap≥Iqń Hcp-°n-sh® ]c-

a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mWv ssZhw. Hmtcm

krjvSn°pw AXn\v Pohn-°m≥ kuI-

cy-{]-Z-amb {]IrXn \evIn A\p-{K-ln-

®Xpw "A¿ dlvam≥' F∂ ssZho-I-

kn-^-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv.

ssZh-Øns‚ aq∂m-asØ kuμ-cy-

KpWw "A¿ dlow' BIp -∂p.

a\pjy≥ sNøp∂ I¿a-ß-sfm-s∂m-

gn-bmsX hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw DNn-X-

amb {]Xn-êw \evIp-Ibpw sNøp-

∂Xv "dlo-an-øØv' F∂ ssZho-I-Kp-

W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv. Npcp-

°-Øn¬ d∫v, dlvam≥ F∂o ssZho-

I-Kp -W-ß-fpsS {]tbm-P\w a\p-

jy¿s°-∂-t]mse a‰p krjvSn-Pm-e-

ßƒ°pw e`n-°p-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬

dlo-an-ø-Øns‚ {]tbm-P\w tIhew

a\p-jy¿°mbn khn-ti-j-am-°-s∏-ń-

c n -°-bm -Wv . a\p -jy≥ sNøp∂

k¬{]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒs°√mw bp‡-

amb {]Xn-̂ ew \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv ssZh-

Øns‚ kn^sØ dlo-an-øØv BIp-

∂p. ssZh-hp -ambn kº¿°w

]pe¿Øm≥ {ian-®p-sIm≠v Ahs‚

kn^sØ dlo-an-ø-Øns\ a\p-jy≥

{]tbm -P -\ -s∏ -Sp -Øp -∂n -s√ -¶n¬

Ah\pw a‰p krjvSn-Pm-e-ßƒ°p-an-

S-bn¬ sshPm-Xy-ap-≠m-Ip-∂n-√. AXn-

\m¬ {]m¿Y-\bpw k¬I¿ahpw hgn

"dlo -an -øØv' F∂ ssZho -I-Kp -

WsØ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ a\p-

jy≥ IS-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. At∏m-gmWv

ssZh -k-hn-[-Øn¬ a\p-jy\v alXzw

e`n-°p-am-dm-Ip-∂-Xv. "]d-bpI, \nß-

fpsS {]m¿Y\ C√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

Fs‚ \mY≥ \nßsf F¥p hne-sh-

°m-\mWv? F∂m¬ \nßƒ (k-Xy-

sØ) \ntj-[n-®p-I-f-™p. AXn-\m¬

AXv (B \ntj-[-Øns‚ ̂ e-am-bp≈

AXym-]-Øv) \nßsf ]nSn-Iq-SpI

Xs∂ sNøpw.'' (hn. Jp. 25:78)

Bflo-b-tkm-]m-\-Øns‚ Aÿn-hmcw

kl-\hpw ÿnc -Nn -Ø-Xbpw

Bflo-b-tkm-]m-\-Øns‚ Aÿn-hm-

c-in-e-I-fm-Ip-∂p. ]Sn-]-Sn-bmb {]{In-

b-bn-eqsS ]c-ta-m®n-bn-se-Øn-°p-∂-h-

\mWv ssZhw. {Iam -\p -K -X -ambn

Db¿∂v ]q¿W-X-bpsS Ahÿ {]m]n-

t°-≠-h-\m-Wv a\p-jy-s\∂ ktμ-iw

d∫v F∂ ssZho-I-Kp-W-Øn¬ Xs∂

DƒsIm-≠n-´p-≠v. L´w-L-´-ambn D∂-

X-t{i-Wn -bn -se-Øn -°p∂ ssZh-

Øns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°-\p-Kp-W-

ambn a\p-jy≥ kl-\hpw kwb-a-

\hpw ]pe¿Øp-tºmƒ a\p-jy-\nse

]q¿W-Xbpw shfn-s∏-´p-h-cp-∂p. H‰-b-

Snbv°v Imcy-ß-sf√mw \S°-W-sa∂v

iTn-°p-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ {]Ir-Xn-]-

chpw Bflo-b-]-c-hp-amb \nb-a-Øn\v

hncp≤amb {]h¿Øn-I-fm-Wv. hnØv

hnX® DSs\ êw e`n-°-W-sa∂v

hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xv h¶-Ø-am-Ip-∂p. Hcp

hnØn-s‚ ̂ ew shfn-s∏-Sp-∂Xv aÆp-

ambn tN¿∂v AXnse Cu¿∏w hen-

s®SpØv, ]e L´-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw IS-

∂p-t]m-b-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂m-Wv. {]Ir-

Xn\n-b-a-ßƒ°v kam-\-amb coXn-bn-



emWv ssZh-Øns‚ Bflob \nb-a-

ßfpw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. ]co-£-W-

ßsf AXn-P-bn®pw kl-\-a-h-ew-

_n®pw ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ ASn-bp-d®p

\n¬t°-≠-X-\p-t]-£-Wo-b-am-Ip-∂p.

CXp aqe-amWv {]m¿Y\ AZv`p-X-I-c-

amb ̂ e-{]m-]vXn-bn-se-Øp-∂-Xv. kμn-

Kv[m-h-k-c-Øn¬ ÿnc-]m-Z-cmbn \ne-

sIm-≈p∂ ̀ ‡-Zm-ksc ssZhw CjvS-

s∏-Sp-∂p. Ahs‚ am¿K-Øn¬ ÿnc-

\n-jvT-cmbn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-h-cpsS

ta¬ ae-°p-Iƒ km¥z\ hN-\-ß-fp-

ambn Cd-ßp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw (41:31)

kl\w ssIsIm-≈p-∂-hsc ssZhw

kvt\ln-°p-∂-XmsW∂pw (3:147)

Ah≥ kl-\ -io -e -tcm -sSm -∏ -am -

sW∂pw (2:154) hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬

h∂n-´p-≠v. ]co-£-W-ßsf AXn-P-bn-

°p-tºm-gm-Wv lrZ-b-ßƒ ]cn-]-Iz-am-

Ip-∂-Xv. a\p-jy≥ s]mXpsh kzm¿Y-

]-c-amb Xmev]-cy-ßƒ°v hnt[-b-\m-

Wv. kz¥w ico-tc-—-I-fpsS Xmev]-cy-

ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-hm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Ah≥

Akz-ÿ-\m-Ip-∂p. Cu Akz-ÿ-X-

bm-Wv Ahs\ A£-a-\m-°n-Øo¿°p-

∂-Xv. kl-\-a-h-ew-_n-t°≠ kml-N-

cy-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ ssZhoI CwKn-X-

Øn\v hgn-s∏-Sm\pw ap≥K-W\ \evIm-

\p -ap≈ Ah-k-c-hp -ap -≠m-Ip-∂p.

AYhm A√m-lp -hns‚ CwKn -X -

ßƒ°pw Xmev]-cy-ßƒ°pw A\p-Kp-

W-amb \ne-bn¬ a\ v ]mI-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv ]co-£-W-ßsf AXn-P-bn-°p-

tºm -gmWv . CXpkw_-‘-ambn

hmKvZØ alvZo-a-kolv (A) \evInb

hnh-c-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hcp `mKw

ChnsS Ipdn-°p∂p: ""{]m¿Y-\-bn¬

henb henb \ne-Ifpw ÿm\-ß-fp-

ap-s≠-∂Xv hmkvX-h-am-Wv. CX-dn-

bmØ Imc-W-Øm¬ {]m¿Yn-°p-∂-

h¿ Nne-t∏mƒ kzb-tah ]n¥-≈-s∏-

´p-t]m-Im-dp-≠v. Ah¿°v [ndp-Xn-bm-Wv.

kl\w ]men-°m≥ Ah¿°v km-[n-

°p-I-bn√. F∂m¬ IqSp-Ibpw Ipd-

bp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hc-hÿ A√m-lp-

hns‚ {]hr-Øn-I-fn-ep-≠v. t\m°p-I,

C∂v Hcmƒ hnhm-ln-X-\m-bm¬ \msf-

Øs∂ Abmƒ°v Ipń P\n-°p-∂n-

√-t√m. ssZhw k¿h-i-‡-\m-Wv,

Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-sX¥pw sNøm≥

Ah\v Ign-hp-≠v. F∂m¬ F√m-‰n\pw

\nb-a-hy-hÿ Ah≥ \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-

∂p. Ipń ]nd-°m≥ amXm-hn\v kzta-

[bm Hcp acWw hcn-t°≠n hcp-∂p.

F¶nte Ahƒ B kt¥m-jsØ

ImWp-I-bp-≈q. CXp-t]mse {]m¿Yn-

°p∂ hy‡n, Xs‚ ÿnXn-bn¬ am‰w

hcp-Øp-Ibpw [ndpXns∏SmsX F√m

{]bm-k-ß-sfbpw kln-°p-Ibpw

sNtø-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. ZpB

kzoI-cn-®n-s√∂v Hcn-°epw kwi-bn-

°m≥ ]mSn-√. Ah-km\w htc≠

Imew hcp-∂p.''

""Atß-b‰w a\-kvXm-]-tØmSpw

thZ-\-tbm-Spw-IqSn ZpB sNøp∂

kμ¿`w {]m¿Yn-°p-∂-h-\p-≠m-Im-dp-

≠v. ]t£, B ZpB°v {]Xn-êw

In´p-∂-Xn¬ Xma-k-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xmbn

Ah≥ ImWp-∂p. B Ime-hn-fw-_-

Øns‚ cl-ky-sa-¥mWv?... H∂m-a-

tØ-Xv, temI-Øp≈ hkvXp-°-fn-

se√mw am‰-Øns‚ Hc-h-ÿ-bp≠v

F∂-Xm-Wv. Ip™p-h-f¿∂p ]pcp-j-

\m-bn-Øo-cm≥ F{X-sb{X L´-ßfpw

ÿm\-ßfpw XcWw sNtø-≠n-h-cp-

∂p tXß sXßm-bn-Øo-cm≥ F{X-

am{Xw Xma-k-ap-≠.v C{]-Imcw A√m-

lp-hns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS ̂ ehpw

{ItaW {Ita-W-bm-bn-́ m-Wp-≠mIp-∂-

Xv. c≠m-a-Xm-bn, B Ime-hn-fw-_-cØn-

ep≈ ssZho-I-bp-‡n, Xs‚ Xocp-am-

\ -hpw {]Xn⁄ \nd -th-‰m -\p≈

ss[cyhpw a\p-jy\v Ahs‚ a\-

n¬ cqV-aq-e-am-I-W-sa∂pw ssZh-

⁄m-\-Øn¬ i‡nbpw ZrV-Xbp-ap-

≠m-I-W-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. a\p-jy≥

F{X-tØmfw k©n-X-ÿm-\-ßfpw

Db¿∂ ]Z-hn-Ifpw Ic-ÿ-am-°m≥

B{K-ln-°p-∂pthm A{X-tØmfw ITn-

\-{]-b-Xv\hpw ka-b-Øns‚ Bh-iy-

I-Xbpw AXn-\p- th≠n hcp-sa-∂p-

≈Xv \nb-Xn-\n-b-a-am-Wv. \n›-b-Zm¿-

Vyhpw ss[cy-hp-an-s√-¶n¬ a\p-jy\v

]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS ]mX XcWw sNøm≥

km[n°p-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v BZyw

IjvSm-cn-jvS-X-I-fn-eqsS IS-t°-≠Xv

A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. {]bm-k-tØm-sSm∏w

\n›-b-ambpw Bizm-k-ap≠v F∂v ]d-

bm≥ Imc-W-a-Xm-Wv.'' (a¬^q-kmØv

`m. 3)

Jnem-^Øv hyh-ÿn-Xnsb A√mlp

aptº h∂ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS Pam-A-

Øp-I-fnepw, Ah-cpsS Ah-ÿ-Iƒ°-

\p-k-cn®v \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

Cu hyh-ÿnXn Ckvemanepw

A√mlp ÿm]n-®p. Hcp hmKvZm-\-Øn-

s‚bpw kphm¿Ø-bp-sSbpw h¿W-

Øn-emWv AXv ÿm-]n-®-Xv. lZvdØv

aqkm(-A)-bpsS kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Jeo-

^-am-cpsS hyh-ÿnXn ÿm]n-®n-cp-∂-

Xp-t]mse AtX h¿W-Ønepw AtX

\ne-bnepw apkvenw kaq-Zm-b-Ønepw

Jeo -^-am -cpsS Hcp hyh-ÿnXn

ÿm]n -°p -∂-Xm -sW∂v A√mlp

\tΩmSv hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. Ah¿

Jeo-̂ -amcpw apP-±n-Zp-am-cp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Cu hmKvZm\w CkvXn-Jvem-̂ ns‚ hN-

\-Øn¬ ImWmw. \_n(-k) Xß-fpsS

Hcp lZo-Yp-≠v. AXn¬ Zo\ns‚ ]cn-

jv°-c -W-Øn-\mbn Hmtcm \q‰m -

≠ns‚bpw Xe-bv°¬ A√mlp apP-

±n-Zns\ Ab°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v B alm-

flmhv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Chn-sS, \_n

Xßƒ (k) hnip≤ Jp¿B\n\v

AXo-X-ambn Hcp Imcyhpw ]d-™n-ń-

s√∂v lZvdØv akolv auDuZv (A)

]d-™Xv \mw Hm¿a hbvt°-≠-Xm-Wv.

Aao-dp¬ apAvan\o≥ Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv aq∂m-a≥ an¿km- \m-kn¿AlvaZv (d-lv) ]mIn-kvXm-\nse d_vhbn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n® aPvenkv A≥km-dp-√m-bpsS hm¿jnI ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ 1968 HIvtSm-_¿ 27\v sNbvX {]`m-j-W-Ønse {]k-‡-̀ m-K-am-Wn-Xv.

lZvdØv an¿km \mkn¿ AlvaZv (dlv)(Jeo^Øp¬ akolv kmenkv)



\_n Xßƒ(-k) ]d-™-sX√mw

hnip≤ Jp¿ -Bs‚ kn≤m-¥-ß-

fpsSbpw hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kwt£-

]-ß-fp-sSbpw hymJym-\hpw hni-Zo-I-

c-W-hp-am-Wv. lZvdØv akolv auDuZv

(A) ]d-bp∂p:

""hlvbns‚bpw hn-em-b-Øns‚bpw

shfn®w sIm≠v {]tim-̀ n-X-cm-bn-́ p-≈-

h¿ "C√¬ apXlv ldq≥' F∂

kwL--Øn¬s∏-́ -h-cm-Wv. Ah-tcm-Sp≈

A√m-lp-hns‚ s]cp-am‰w, Ime-Øn-\-

\p-k-cn®v hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ AXoh

Kl-\-amb XØz-c-l-ky-ßƒ Ah-

cn¬ Xpd-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xm-

Wv. C°mcyw sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xv, IqSp-

X-emb Hcp ]mThpw \_n Xßƒ (k)

Hcn -°epw \evIn -bn -ń -s√-∂mWv.

F∂√ kzlo-lmb lZo-Yp-I-fn¬

h∂n´p≈ kwt£]-ßfpw kq-N-\-

Ifpw hn-ip≤ Jp¿ Bs‚ Xs∂ hn-

h-c-W-ß-fmWv. Cu Xn-cn-®-dn-hp-≠m-Ip-

∂-tXmsS hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-s‚ Aam--\p-

jn-IX Ah-cn¬ Xpd-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

A{]-Imcw Xs∂ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B\p

shfn-bn¬ Hcp hkv-Xphpw Cs√∂

{]Xm-]-hm-\mb A-√m-lp-hn-s≥d hm-

°n-s≥d k-XyX Ah-cn¬ Zo]vX-am-Ip-

Ibpw sNøp∂p.'' (A¬-lJv ap_m-

lk: ep[n-bm\ t]Pv 79)

aplΩ-Znø kap -Zm -b -Øn¬

Ft∏mgpw Hcp ]-cn-ip≤ kwLw D-≠m-

bn-́ p≠v, D≠m-bns°m≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v,

D≠mbnsIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-

sa∂v lZvd -Øv akolv auDuZv

(-A) ChnsS ]d-bp∂p. Cu ]cn-ip≤

kwL-Øn¬ "em ba p-lq C√¬

apXzlvl-dq≥' F∂ hnip≤ Jp¿

Bs‚ ad-™n-cn-°p∂ JP-\m-hp-I-

fn¬ \n∂pw tKm]y-amb Imcy-ß-fn¬

\n∂pw Hcp ]mSv clky-ßfpw B-

flob kºØp-Ifpw A√mlp \-evIp-

∂-Xm-bn -cn°pw. Xßsf hn -ip≤

Jp¿Bs≥d ]pXnb ]pXnb Imcy-

ßƒ°v A√mlp -]-Tn-∏n-®n-cp∂p F∂

Imcy-Øn¬ Dƒ°m-gvN-tbmsS Ah¿

\n-e--sIm-≈p-∂-XmWv. \_n- (-k) X-

ßƒ ]d-™n´p≈-sX√mw hnip-≤-Jp¿-

Bs‚ hymJym-\-am-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-

B\v D]-cn-bmbn Hcp Imcyhpw \_n

(k) Xßƒ ]d™nń√. \_n-(k)X-

ß-fpsS F√m {]hrØnbpw F√m

I¿ahpw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-s≥d hym-

Jym\amsW∂-t]m-se, B alm-flm-

hns≥d F√m-hm°pw F√m \nizmk

hpw hnip≤-Jp¿-B-s≥d hymJym-\-am-

sW∂pw lZvdØv a-kolv auDuZv(-A)

a‰p ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw ]e-h´w hniZ-

ambn ]d™n-´p≠v. GXp-t]m-se-sb-

∂m¬, lZvdØv Bbn-i (-d) tbmSp

tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ B alXn ]d-™Xv

\_n-(k)X-ß-fpsS kz`mh ssh-

injvSyw Adn-bm-\m-{K-ln-°p-s∂-¶n¬

hnip≤ Jp¿ B≥ ]mcm-bWw sN-

øpI F∂mWv. hn-ip≤ Jp¿ B≥ ]-

d-™--sX√mw \_n(k)-X-ßƒ sNbv-Xp-

Im-Wn®p. A-Xp-sIm≠v B a-lm-flm-

hns‚ k¬Kp-W-ßƒ hnip≤ Jp¿-

B-\n¬ Fgp-X-s∏-́ n-cn-°p∂p. ImcWw

\_n -X -ß-fpsS {]h¿Øn-Ifpw

I¿aßfpw hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ A\p-

k-cn-®mWv; AXn\p shfn-bn-e√.

BbØv C-kvXn-Jvem-̂ n¬ hnhn[ Jnem-

^-Øp-I-fpsS h¿W\.

Hmtcm \q‰m-≠n-s‚bpw Xe-bv°¬

Hcp apP-±n-Zvhcp-sa∂v \_n-X-ßƒ(-k)

]d-™n-´p-≈Xv hnip≤ Jp¿B-\nse

GXp hN-\-Øn-s‚ hymJym\-am-sW-

∂p-≈-XmWv tNmZyw. CXp \ap°p a\-

n-em-bm¬ {]kvXpX lZo-Yns‚ icn-

bmb A¿Yw a\- n-em-Ipw, Cs√-¶n¬

\mw A_-≤-ØnemIpw. l-ZvdØv

akolv auDuZv(A)- h-fsc hy‡-

ambpw hni-Zo-I-cn®pw {]kvXpX lZoYv

hnip≤Jp¿B\nse CkvXn-Jvem^v

F∂ hN-\Øns‚ Hcp hymJym-\-am-

sW∂v ]e-h´w ]-d-™n-´p≠v. Cu h-

N-\Øn¬ -[m-cmfw Imcy-ßƒ hnh-cn-

°-s∏ń-cn-°p∂p. \nc-h[n Pam-A-Øp-

I-fpsS Jnem-^-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v h¿Wn-

®n -cn -°p∂p. \_n (k) -X -ßƒ

\-evInb Hcp hym-Jym\w Hmtcm \q‰m-

≠n -s‚bpw Xe-bv°¬ Hcp ]cn -

jv°¿Ømhv P\n -°p -sa -∂mWv.

CXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \nßƒ

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv( -A)s‚

{KŸ-ßƒ {i≤n®v ]mcm -bWw

sNbvXm¬ B a-lm-flmhv Zo\ns‚

]cn-jvI-c-WsØ kw_-‘n®v N¿®

sNbvXn-́ p≈ ÿ-e-ß-fn-epw a¿a-{]-[m-

\-amb Imcy-ßƒ hnhcn-®n-́ p≈ ÿe-

ß-fn-se√mw Jnem-^-Øns\ kw_-

‘n®pw {]Xn -]mZn®n´p≈-Xmbn

\nßƒ°p ImWm≥ Ignbpw (C√m

amim A√m-lv). Jnem-̂ Øpw Zo\ns‚

]-cn-jvIc-Whpw Htc hkvXp-hns‚

c≠pt]cm-sW∂v B alm-flmhv

Xs‚ kI-e-N¿®-I-fnepw hy‡-ambpw

kqN-\-bmbpw ]d-™n-cn -°p∂p.

Hmtcm \q‰m-≠n-s‚bpw Xe-bv°¬

apP-±nZv h-cp-sa∂v hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏-

ń-́ p-≈-Xv, CkvXn-Jvem v̂ F∂ Jp¿-B-

\nI hN\-Øns‚ hmKvZm\ßfpsS

Hcp `mK-amWv. CkvXnJv em^v F∂

hN-\-Øn¬ {]kvXpX hmKvZm-\-ß-tf-

°mƒ Iq-Sp-X¬ hmKvZm-\-ßƒ \evI-

s∏-ń -cn -°p∂p. AXm-bXv hnhn[

cq]ß-fn¬ Jnem-^Øv ÿm]-\-

Øns‚ hmKv-Zm-\-ap≠v. Ah-bn¬ Hcp

cq]-amWv {]kvXp-X-l-Zo-

Yn¬ h¿Wn®n -´p -≈Xv.

\_n (k) Xß-fpsS a‰v

\n¿tZ-i-ß-fnepw AXm-

sW-¶n¬ Jnem-^-Øns‚

a‰p cq-]-ß-fm¬ shfn®w

hoin-bn-cn-°p∂p.

J n e m - ^ - Ø n s ‚

A¿Yw lZvdØv akolv -

au-DuZv (A) hn-h-cn-®n-´p-

≈Xv C{] -Im -c -amWv

""Jeo^ F∂ ]Z-Øns‚

A¿Yw Zo\ns\ ]cn -

jvIcn-°p∂ {]-Xn-\n[n

F∂mWv. \_n-am-cpsS

Ime-L-´-Øn\p tijw

hym-]n -°p∂ A‘Im-

csØ AI-‰p -∂-Xn -\p -

th≠n Ah-cpsS ÿm-

\Øv Ch¿ hcp∂p.

Chsc Jeo^ F∂p ]d-

bp∂p'' (a¬^qkmØv

hmfyw 4 t]Pv 383)

AXym -hiyL´-

Øn¬ Zo\ns‚ ]cn-jvI-c-

WØn \mbn hcn-Ibpw

P\-ß-fn¬ icn -bmb

CkvemanI ssNX \yw

krjvSn-°p-Ibpw A\m-

Nm-c-ßsf Ckveman¬

\ns∂-SpØv ]p-d-sØ-dn-bp-

Ibpw apkvenw kap-Zm-

bsØ ssZh-Im-cp -Wy-

ßƒ°pw ssZhm-\p-{K-l-

-ßƒ°pw IqSp-X¬ IqSp-

X¬ A-hIm-in-Ifm°n-

Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNøp∂

\_n-(k)Xß-fpsS B

{]Xn \n -[n -sbbmWv

Jeo^ F∂p ]-d-bp-∂Xv.

aqk-hnø Jnem-^Øpw

apl-Ω-Znø Jnem-^Øpw

XΩn-ep≈ km-Zr-iym-fl-IX.

lZvdØv akolv

auDuZv (A) hnip≤ Jp¿

B\nse CkvXn-Jvem^v



F∂ hN-\-Øn¬ h-∂n-´p≈ "Iam'

F∂ ]Z-Øn\pw "an≥Ipw' F∂ ]Z-

Øn\pw X¬h-N-\-Øns‚ A¿Yw a\-

n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-

amb Hcp {]-[m\yw \evInbn-´p≠v. B

a-lmXvamhv ]d™p, aqkho kapZm-

b-Øn¬ Jnem-^Øv -hy-h-ÿnXn

ÿm]n-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse AtX -

cq-]-Øn¬ AtX coXn-bn¬

apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Ønepw Jn-

em-̂ Øv -hy-h-ÿnXn ÿm-]n-

°-s∏-Sp-sa∂mWv hmKvZm\w

sN-ø-s∏-ń-´p-≈Xv. (Jeo-^-

Øp¬ akolv aq∂ma≥

(dlv) ]d-bp-∂p) aqk-hnø

kap -Zm -b -Øns‚ Jn -em -

^Øpw ap-l-Ω-Znø kap-Zm-b-

Øns‚ Jnem-̂ Øpw X-Ωn¬

kºq¿W kmZy-iym-fl-IX

Ds≠∂v hnh-cn -°p∂

lZvdØv akolv

auDuZv(A)s‚ c-≠paq∂p

enJnX iIe-ßƒ Rm≥

tIƒ∏n°mw. CXp \n-ßƒ

{i≤n®p tIƒ°p-I, AXn-\p-

tijw Nne-Im-cy-ßƒ Rm≥

hniZo -I --c n®p ]dbmw.

lZvdØv a-kolv auDuZv (A)

]d-bp∂p:

""AXm-bXv Cu kapZm-b-

Øn-se kXy hnizm-kn-I-fp-

sSbpw k¬°¿a-Im-cn-I-fpsS

bpw ap≥Km-an-Isf Jeo-^-am-

cm -°n -b -Xp -t]mse A-h-

scbpw ̀ qanbn¬ Jeo-̂ -am-cm-

°p-sa∂v A√mlp hm-KvZm\w

sNbvXn -cn -°p∂p. _\qC-

kvdm-bo-en¬ A√mlp sN-

bvXXp t]mse AtX ańepw

AtX co-Xn-bnepw AtX Ime-

b-f-hnepw AtX {]h¿Ø\-

Im-e-Øn\p kam-\-ambpw

AtX {]Xm-]-tØmSpw AtX

ssZh ssNX-\y-tØm-Spw-IqSn

Cu kap-Zm-b-Ønepw Jeo-^-

amsc krjvSn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

Ah-cpsS Jnem-^Øv ]c-º-

c, _\p Ckvdm-bo-en\p \n›-

bn-°-s∏´ Jne-m^Øv ]c-º-

c-bn¬\n∂v H´pw Ipd-hm-bn-cn-

°p-I-bn-√. Ah-cpsS Jnem-

^Øv k{º-Zmbw _\qC-

kvdmbo-ense Jeo-^-am¿°v

\ ni vN -b n -° - s∏ - ´ n - c p -∂ -

Xn¬\n∂v hncp-≤-am-bn-cn-°p-

I-bn-√. kºq¿W kmZr-iym-fl-I-

XbpsS kqN-\˛ AXv Iam-kvX-J-^-

√-Zo\ an≥ J_venlnw F∂ hN-\-

Øn¬ a\- n-em-Ip-∂p-≠v-̨ -Jn-em-̂ Øv

Ime-L-´Xns‚ Af-hnepw Jeo-^-am-

cpsS ]cn-jv°-cWcoXn-bnepw AXv

shfns∏-Sp∂ am¿KsØ kw_-‘n-®p-

ap≈ kmZr-iy-amWv. _\p -Ckvdm-bo-

en¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ ÿm\w lZvdØv

aqkm-(A)bn¬ \n∂mWv Bcw-`n-®-

Xv. Zo¿L-Im-ew-hsc \_n-am-cpsS

{]hm-N-IXz Dugw _\p-C-kvdm-tb-en¬

\n∂v Ah-km\w 1400 h¿jw XnI®v

lZvdØv Cuk-_v\p-a¿b-an¬ B ]c-

ºc sN∂-h-km-\n-®p. Ckveman-I- Jn-

em-̂ -Øns‚ ]c-ºc AXns‚ A`n-hr-

≤n-bpsSbpw A[x]X-\-Øn-s‚bpw

As√-¶n¬ AXns‚ {]Xm-]-Øns‚

Bflo-b-ssN-X-\y-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ Ckvdm-bo¬ Jnem-^-

Øp-ambn XnI®pw HØXpw kam-\hpw

BbnØocp-sa∂v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥

kv]jvS-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. \nc-£-c-\mb

Ad_n \_n(-k) aqkm(A)bv°v kZr-

i-\m-sW∂pw ]d-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.

CXp kw_-‘-ambn Jfin-Xhpw ZrV-

X-c-hp-amb \ne-bn¬, A√m-lp-hns‚

Jeo-^-am-cpsS Hmô-knse {][m\

DtZym-Kÿ≥ Ckveman¬ aqkmbv°v

kZr-i-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ˛ B

[\ym-flmhv (k) Ckvem-anI ]c-º-c-

bpsS tk\m-[n-]\pw cmPmhpw BZ-c-

hns‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn¬ H∂m-asØ

]Z-hn-bn-en-cn-°p-∂-bmfpw F√m-Øn-

s‚bpw DZ v`h ÿm\hpw Xs‚

Bflob k¥m-\-ß-fpsS Db¿∂

Ah-Im-in-bp-am-Ip-∂p˛Cu ]c-º-c-

bpsS Ah-km-\-Øn-ep-≈Xv XnI-

hm¿∂ _‘-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ Cu kap-Zm-b-Ønse Bfp-I-

fn¬ \n∂v Fs‚ c£n-Xm-hns‚ Iev]-

\-sIm≠v ako-lns‚ khn-ti-j-Kp-W-

ß-fm¬ hn`q-jn-X-\mbn Øo¿∂ B

akolv _n≥ a¿b-amWv.'' (C-kmse

Hulmw H∂mw ]Xn∏v t]Pv 668, 673)

AXn-a-l-Ømb Jnem-^Øpw apP-ZnZn-

øØpw e`n-®Xv \_n(k)Xßƒ°p

am{Xw.

\_n Xßƒ(k) Cu Jnem-^Øv

]c-º-c-bn¬ {]Ya ÿm\Øv hncm-Pn-

°p -∂-bm-fm -Wv. hmkvX-h-sa -¥m-

sW∂p h®m¬ A√mlp "Xm≥ `qan-

bn¬ Jeo -^sb krjvSn -°m≥

t]mIp∂p' F∂v ae-°p-I--tfmSp ]d-

™-t∏mƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ Jeo^ icn-

bmb A¿Y-Øn¬ kXy-]q¿W-amb

\ne-bnepw AXv \_n (k) Xß-

fpsShy‡nXzw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p'. a‰m-

cp-tS-Xp-a√. lZvdØv akolv auDuZv

(A) ]d-bp∂p:

""\ΩpsS \_n(-k) kXy-k-‘X

{]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v Hcp alm-\mb apP-

±n-Zm-bn-cp-∂p. If-™p-t]mb kXy-k-

‘-Xsb B alm-flmhv ho≠pw

temIØv sIm≠p-h-∂p. (e-Iv®¿

knbm¬t°m´v t]Pv 4).

CXp hnio-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v lZvdØv

akolv auDuZv (A) ]d-™p, apgp-

tem-I-tØbpw Ccp-ń¬\n∂v FSpØv

{]Im-i-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cp∂

{]hrØn A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-emb

apl-Ω-Zv(-k) A√msX a‰mcpw sNbvXn-

ń√. ap≥I-gn™ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ Ah-

c-h-cpsS Ime-tØ°pw Ah-c-h-cpsS

P\-X-I-fn-te°pw am{X-amWv \ntbm-Kn-

X-cm-bn-cp-∂-Xv. A√mlp Ah¿°pw

Ah¿ \ntbm-Kn-Xcmb P\-X-Iƒ°pw

Ign-hp-Iƒ \evIn-b-X-\p-k-cn-®v, Hcp

]cn-an-X-amb t\cØpw ImeØpw Hcp

{]tXyI P\-Xsb Ah¿ kmØm-\n-

Im-‘-Im-c-ß-fn¬\n∂v ]pd-sØ-Sp-°p-

Ibpw Ah-cpsS Ign-h-\p-k-cn®v Znhy

tPymXn- n-\m¬ {]tim-`n -X-cm-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬, apgp-tem-I-

Øn\pw th≠n \ntbm-Kn-X-cm-bn-́ p-≈Xv

Htc-sbmcp hy‡n-bmWv (k). Jnbm-

a-Øp-\mƒhsc al-Ømb apP±n-Zn-ø-

Øns‚ ÿm\Øv \ne-sIm-≈p-Ibpw

hncm-Pn-°p-I-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv B

alm-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°pw. temIsØ apgp-

h≥ A‘-Im-c-Øn¬\n∂v FSp-Ø,

A√m-lp-hns‚ {]Im-i-Øn-te°v hen-

®p-sIm-≠p-h-tc-≠p∂ tPmen B alm-

\mb apP-±n-Zn-s\-bmWv Gev]n-®n-´p-≈-

Xv. AXn-\m-emWv B ]pWym-flmhv

alm-\mb apP-±nZv Bb-Xv.

AXp-sIm≠v Ct∏mƒ Cu ]c-º-

c-bpsS al-Ømb Jnem-^Øv \_n

(-k)bv°v e`n-®n-cn -°p-∂p. kz¥w

h¿W-Øn¬ ]cn-an-X-amb t\c-Øn\pw

_\p-C-kvdm-tb-en\pw th≠n-h∂

lZvdØv aqkm(-A)bpw A√m-lp-

hns‚ apP-±nZpw Jeo-̂ -bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]t£, apgp-tem-I-Øn\pw th≠n Htc-

sbmcp alm-\mb apP-±n-tZ-bp-≈q, AXv

A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-emb apl-ΩZv

(k) BIp-∂p.


(hn.h. aplΩZv CkvamCu¬)


a\p-jysc k¬]-Ÿm-hn-te°v \bn-

°m≥ th≠n \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂

{]hm-N-I-∑m-sc, Hmtcmtcm ImeØpw

]e-hn[ \ymb-ßƒ D∂-bn-®mWv FXn-

cm-fn-Iƒ \ntj-[n-°m-dp-≈-Xv. AØcw

\ymb-ß-fn¬ {][m-\-s∏´ H∂mWv

"Ign -™p-t]mb \_n -°p -tijw

A√mlp C\n Bscbpw {]hm-N-I-

\mbn \ntbm-Kn-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw AXn-

\m¬ Ct∏mƒ h∂n-cn-°p∂ {]hm-N-

I-hmZn \_n-bs√'∂pap≈hmZw.

{]hm-N-I-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ D∂-bn-°m-dp≈

a‰p ]e \ymb-ß-tf-°mfpw Kuc-h-ta-

dn-b-XmWv Cu IpX¿°w. ImcWw

Ign™ \_n-amsc AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-

sh∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-Wt√m

]pXnb {]hm-N-I-hm-Znsb \ntj-[n-°p-

∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ AhcpsS \ntj[w

\ymb-am-sW∂pw ]pXnb {]hm-N-I-

hmZn ssZh-\n-tbm-Kn-X-\√ F∂pw

km[m-c-W-°m¿ sX‰n-≤-cn-°m≥ CS-

bp-≠v. GXp-Im-e-Øm-bmepw C\n

A√mlp Bscbpw \ntbm-Kn -°p-

Ibn√ F∂ hmZ-ap-∂-bn®v tijw

hcp∂ {]hm-N-I-∑msc \ntj-[n-°m≥

{ian-°p-∂Xv Kpcp-X-c-amb A{I-a-am-

W∂pw A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw kXy-hn-

izm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw im]w Ah-cpsS

taep-s≠-∂p-amWv hnip≤-Jp¿-B≥

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

""^n¿-Hus‚ IpSpw-_-Øn¬s∏-´,Xs‚ hnizmkw ad-®p-sh-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂ hnizm-kn-bmb Hcmƒ ]d-™p:".....hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-Ifpw sIm≠vapºv bqkp^v \nß-fp-sS-b-Sp-°¬h∂n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ At±lw\nßƒ°v sIm≠p-h-∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n®v \nßƒ kwi-b-Øn-em-bn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. F∂n´v At±lw acn-®-t∏mƒ "A√mlp At±-l-Øn-\p-tijwHcp ZqX-t\bpw \ntbm-Kn-°p-Itb

C√' F∂p \nßƒ ]d-™p. A{]-Imcw AXn-{I-a-Im-cn-Ifpw kwi-bm-ep-°-fpw hgn-]n-g-®-h-cm-sW∂v A√mlpXocp-am-\n-°p-∂p. Xßƒ°p h∂p-In-ńb Hcp {]am-Whpw IqSmsX A√m-lp-hns‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ßfpsS Imcy-Øn¬ IpX¿°w sNøp-∂-h-cm-W-h¿.A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw ]°¬ hfsc tIm]-I-c-am-W-Xv. A{]-Imcw Al-¶m-cnbpw X∂n-jvS-°m-c-\p-amb GsXm-cp-Ø-s‚bpw lrZ-b-Øn-t∑¬ A√mlp ap{Z-sh-°p-∂-XmWv'' (40:29˛36)

apl-ΩZv \_n-(k)bn¬ hniz-kn-

°p-∂-h¿ ]mT-apƒ-s°m-≈m≥ th≠n,

^n¿-Hus‚ _‘p-hmb Hcp kXy-hn-

izm-kn-bpsS hm°p-I-fn-eqsS A√mlp

Hcp kn≤m¥w ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wn-hn-

sS. aqkm-\-_n(-A)sb \ntj-[n-®p-sIm-

≠n-cp∂ Xs‚ kap-Zm-b-sØ-bmWv

B kXy-hn-izmkn A`n-kw-t_m-[\

sNøp-∂-Xv. Xs‚ P\X aqkm-\-

_n(A) sb \ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

Ahsc ssZhn-I-in-£-sb-°p-dn®v i-

‡ambn Xm°oXp sNbvX-ti-jw,

{]hm-N-I-\ntj[n-I-fmb ap≥Km-an-I-

fpsS Ncn -{Xhpw kz`m-h-hp -amWv

At±lw FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°p-∂-Xv. bqkp-

^v(-A)\_n-bmbn \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-

t∏mƒ At±-l-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°msX

{]hm-N-I-Zu-Xy-Øn¬ kwibw {]I-

Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚ ac-W-

tijw ]n≥Km-an-I-fmb \_n-amsc

\ntj-[n-°m≥ th≠n bqkp^v \_n

A¥y- {] -hm -N -I -\m -sW∂ hmZw

]pds∏Sp-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cm-bn-

cp∂p B ap≥Km-an-Iƒ. bqkp^v

\_n(A)A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-\m-sW∂p

hmZn®v ]n¬ °me \_n-amsc \ntj-

[n® ap≥Km-an-I-fp-ambn \q‰m-≠p-I-

fpsS Xs∂ Ime-hy-Xym-k-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-

cp∂p ^n¿-Hus‚ P\-X. F∂n´pw

ap≥Km-an-Iƒ sNbvX Ip‰sØ Xs‚

P\X sNbvX Ip‰-ambn B kXy-hn-

izmkn hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xn¬ Nn¥n-°p-∂-

h¿s°mcp ZrjvSm-¥-ap-≠v. ap≥Km-an-

I-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf "PmAIpw,kn¬Xpw, PmA-Ipw, Jp¬Xpw' (bq-

kp^v \nß-fp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ h∂n-́ p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p, \nßƒ kwi-b-Øn-em-bn-

s°m-≠n-cp-∂p, \nßƒ°v sIm≠p-h-

∂-Xn-s\- w-_-‘n-®v, \nßƒ ]d-™p)-

F-∂n-ßs\ Xs‚ kwt_m-[nX P\-

Øns‚ {]hr-Øn-bmbn FSp-Øp-]-d-

™Xv ap≥Km-an -I -fpsS kz`mhw

\nßƒ ImWn-°p-Ibpw {]hm-NI

\ntj[nIfm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p, AXp-

sIm≠p ssZhn-I-in-£-Isf Icp-Xn-bn-

cn-°pI F∂ Xm°o-Xns‚ kzc-Øn-

em-Wv. H∂p-IqSn hy‡-ambn ]d-

™m¬, ap≥KmanIƒ \ntj-[-Øn-\p-

]-tbm-Kn® A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-hmZw

\nßƒ ssIs°m-≈-cp-sX∂ i‡-

amb Xm°o-XmWv B kXy-hn-izmkn

Xs‚ P\-Øn\p \evIp-∂-Xv. ap≥Km-

an -Iƒ {]hm -NI \ntj-[ -Øn\p

sIm≠ph∂ A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-hm-Z-

sa∂ {]hm-N-I-\n-tj-[-kn-≤m-¥-sØ,

\qdp-I-W-°n\p h¿j-ßƒ°p-tijw

Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn FSp-Øp-]-d-™p-

sIm-≠v, Xs‚ kap-Zmbw {]hm-NI

\ntj-[IcmbnØoc-cp-sX∂v Xm°oXp

sNøp-∂p. Cu kw`-h-Øn-\p-tijw

\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign™v Ah-Xo¿W-amb

hnip≤Jp¿-B-\n¬ {]kvXpX kw`-h-

ßƒ FSp -Øp -] -d -™p-sIm≠v

A√mlp apkvenw kap -Zm -bsØ

Xm°oXp sNøp-∂Xv \nßƒ Hcn-

°epw A¥y-{]-hm-NI kn≤m¥w D∂-

bn-®p-sIm≠v {]hm-N-I-\n-tj-[n-I-fm-h-

cp-sX∂ ]mT-am-Wv. am{X-a√ Cu A¥y-

(tijw t]Pv 42 ¬)

"\_n hcn-√' F∂ IpX¿°-ap-∂-bn-°p∂ \ntj-[n-Isf hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ i‡-ambn

Xm°oXv sNbvXXv C°m-esØ A¥y {]hm-N-I-hmZ-°m¿ {i≤n-°m-Ø-sX¥v?


bmk¿ Ad^mØv, XncpØnbmSv

teJ

\w


{_nójv P\-a-\ p-I-fn¬ \n∂vCkvemtamt^m_nbsb \o°wsNøp-hm-\p≈ {ia-ß-fpsS `mK-ambn{_n´-\nse AlvaZn-øm-k-aqlw "kam-[m\ _ p'Iƒ°v XpS°w Ipdn®p.LOVE FOR ALL HATRED FOR NONE,Muslims for loyalty freedom, equal-ity, respect, peace XpS-ßnb ]c-ky-_m-\-dp-Iƒ ]Xn® _ pIƒ {_nójv\K-c-ho-Yn-I-fn-eqsSk©cn°p∂Xv

CXn-t\mSIw P\-{i≤ ]nSn-®p-]‰n Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. {_nójv kaq-l-Øn¬CkvemanI òXn h¿[n-®p-h-cp∂psh∂mWv exploring islam foundation\S-Ønb ]T-\-Øn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-Ip∂Xv. Ch¿ \S-Ønb Hm¨sse≥thms´-Sp-∏n¬ 58% Bfp-Iƒ Ckvemans\ òI-c-X-bp-ambn _‘n-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. apkvenw hncp≤ ]£-]m-XnXzwkmaq-ln-I-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-́ p-I-gn-s™∂ I¨k¿th-‰ohv ]m¿ń-bpsStIm˛ sNb¿am≥ _mc-W v hmgvknbpsS A`n-{]mb{]I-S\w {_nójvs]mXp-a-\- ns‚ {]Xn-^-e\w IqSnbmWv. Ckvemans\ Ipdn-®p≈ A_≤[mc-W-Iƒ hym]Iambn sIm≠n-cn-°p∂kμ¿`-Øn-emWv CØcsamcp kwc-w`-Øn\v AlvaZn-øm-k-aqlw {]mcw`w

Ipdn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. bYm¿Y CkvemanI A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ P\-ßƒ°v a\- n-em-°n-sIm-Sp-°m\pw Xo{hhmZ-Øn\pw Bfl-lXy t_mw_v kvt^mS-\-ßƒ°pw A\o-Xn-Iƒ°p-sa-XnscFXn¿∏p i‡ns]SpØm\pamWv CuIymsºbn\n-eqsS Xßƒ {ian-°p-∂-sX∂ AlvaZn-øm-apkvenw Pam-AØvbp. sI. Aao¿ dô°v AlvaZvlbmØv kmln_ns‚ hm°p-Iƒkam-[m\ _ v kwcw-`-Øns‚ Dt±-iy-e£yw hy‡-am-°p-∂p. {_n´-\nse AlvaZntb-Xc apkvenwkaqlw Cu kwc-w`-Øn-t\mSv ]pdwXncn™v \n¬°p-I-bmWv. CXp -sIm≠v Imcy-amb am‰-ßƒ D≠m-hn-s√∂ A`n-{]m-b-amWv Ah-cp-tSXv.F∂m¬ Xo{h-hm-Z-Øns‚ Im¿ta-L-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ \n∂v bYm¿Y Ckvemans‚ cPXtc JbmWv {_nójv AlvaZnøm kaq-l-ØneqsS bqtdm∏n¬shfns∏Sp∂Xv.

ASn-®-a¿Ø-en-s‚bpw ASn-a-Ø-Øn-s‚bpw Nß-e°-Æn-Iƒ XI¿sØ-dn-™p-sIm≠v kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚hnlm-b-kn-te°v ]d-∂p-b-cm-\p≈ P\-X-bpsS Xo{hm-`n-emjw am‰-Øns‚Iml-f-ap-b¿Øn-b-t∏mƒ XI¿∂p-ho-WXv A`n-\h ^tdm-h-am-cm-bn-cp-∂p.SpWo-jy-bn¬ \n∂m-cw-`n®v hS-°m-\m-{^n-°≥ ˛ Ad_v taJ-e-bn-emsI]S¿∂p-]n-Sn® P\-Iob {]t£m-`-ßƒ°v ap∂n¬ SpWo-jy≥ {]kn-U‚ v ssk\p¬ B_n-Zo≥ Aen°pwCuPn-]vXnse tlmkv\n ap_m-d-°n\pw`cWw hns´m-gn-tb≠nh∂Xv Ncn-{X-

Ønse as‰mcp ]pXnb A≤ym-b-Øns‚ XpS°w Ipdn-°-em-bn-cp-∂p.Ch-cpsS t]cp -Iƒs°m∏w C\nBcpsSsbms° t]cm-bn-cn°pw Iqń-t®¿°-s∏-SpI F∂mWv temIw D‰p-t\m-°p-∂-Xv.

s]mXpsh kam-[m-\-]q¿hhpwc‡-c-ln-X-hp-amb P\-Iob {]t£m-`-Øn\v en_n-b-bn¬ am{X-amWv tNmcbpsS Nph-∏p-\ndw ssIh-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. {]t£m-`-Im-cn-Ifpw apA-Ω¿ K±m-^n-bpsS ssk\y-hp-am-bp≈ G‰p-ap-́ ¬\nc-h[n Poh-\p-I-sf-bmWv A]-l-cn-

PohImcp -Wy-˛ -km-aq -ly-t£acwK-ß-fn¬ anI®tkh\w Img vN -sh-°p -∂-h¿°mbn AlvaZnøm apkvenwPam -AØv \¬In hcp∂kam[m\ ]pckvImcw (PeacePrize) 2010 ¬ A¿l-\mbA_vZpƒ kØm¿ bZn°v e≠-\n¬ \S∂ 8˛maXv ]okv kntºm-knbØn¬ sh®v Jeo -^-Øp¬akolv lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿AlvaZv (A-ø-Z-lp.....) kΩm-\n-®p.P∏m-\nse `pIº Zpcn -Xm -izmk{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ hym]r-X-\m-b-Xn-\m¬ t\cn´v kΩm\w G‰p-hm-ßm≥

C\n- bm{X kam-[m\ _ n¬

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. {]t£m-`-Im-cn-Isfklm-bn-°m-\mbn ]m›mXy kJy-tk\bpsS CS-s]-S¬ en_n-bsbas‰mcp Cdm-Jm°n am‰ptam F∂Bi¶ kPo-h-am -Wv. K±m-^nsbÿm\ {`jvS-\m-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ X{¥-ßƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-°m≥ Ata-cn-°≥t\Xr-Xz -Øn¬ bp. -F≥, \mt‰m,Ad_v eoKv, B{^n-°≥ bqWn-b≥XpS-ßn-b-hsc ]s¶-Sp-∏n-®p-sIm≠vN¿®-Iƒ \S-∂p -h -cp -∂p. AtXkabw ]cn-jvI-c-W-hm-Zn-bmb alvaqZvPn{_n-ens‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ kam-¥ck¿°m-cn\v {]t£m-`-Im-cn-Iƒ cq]wsImSp-Øn-´p-≠v.

Ign -bm -Xn -cp∂ At±lwhoUntbm tIm¨^-d≥kn-eqsS kZ- p-ambn kwh-Zn-°p-I -bp -≠m-bn. hn`mKXobXIfne√ a\p-jy-Xz-Øn-emWvXm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂sX∂pwXs‚bSp-°¬ klmbw tNmZn-®p -h -cp -∂-h -cpsS \ndtam

PmXntbm aXtam t\m°n-b√ adn®vam\p-jnI ]cn-K-W\ sh®mWv klm-bn-°m-dp-≈sX∂pw ]d™ At±lwkam[m\ ]pckvImcØn\v Xs∂sXsc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xn\v \μn Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ Poh-Im-cpWy Zpcn-Xm-izmk taJ-e-I-fnse

{]h¿Ø-\-ßsf A`n-\-μn-°p-IbpwsNbvXp.

C¥y-bnse KpP-dm-Øn¬ P\n®v,hn`-P-\m-\-¥cw ]mIn-kvXm-\n-te°vIpSn-tb-dnb A_vZpƒ kØm¿ bZnBcw-̀ n® bZn ̂ ut≠-js‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ temI-Øns‚ hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬ BXp-cm-e-b-ßfpw [¿a ÿm]-\-ßfpw \SØn hcp-∂p. IqSmsXtemI-Ønse Xs∂ G‰hpw henbBw_p-e≥kv klmb tkh\w \S-°p-∂Xpw Ct±-l-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-em-Wv. Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ amemJ F∂-dn -b -s∏-Sp∂ A_vZpƒ kØm¿bZn°pw `mcy _n¬°okv bZn°pwIqSn 1986¬ s]mXp-tk-h-\-Øn\vamKvksk Ahm¿Uv e`n-®n-́ p-≠v.

P\-Iob {]t£m`w XpS-cp∂p

AlvaZnø kam[m\]pckvImcw kΩm\n®p


A^v-C-Z-Øp¬ kemw hn.-Fw.


tIc-f-Ønse Imk¿tImSv Pn√-bn¬

F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ F∂ IoS-\m-in\n

{]tbm-K-Øm¬ tcmK-_m-[n-X-cmb

lX-`m-Ky-cpsS dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ sIm≠v

tIc-f-am-[y-a-ßƒ \nd-bp-I-bm-Wv. lrZ-

b-t -̀Z-I-amWv B dnt∏m¿´p-Ifpw Nn{X-

ß-fpw. Btcm-Ky-h-Ip∏v \S-Ønb Hcp

k¿tΔ-bn¬ Imk¿t°ms´ 11 {Kma-]-

©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬ P∑-Pm-X-ssh-I-ey-

ßfp≈hcpw amdm-tcm-Kn-I-fp-amb 6000

t]cp-≠v. tIcf kwÿm\ `c-W-Iq-

Shpw tIc-fob P\-Xbpw I£n-cm-

jv{Sob t`Z-at\y H‰-s°-´mbn amc-I-

amb Cu IoS-\m-in\n C¥y apgp-h≥

\ntcm-[n-°-W-sa∂v apd-hn-fn-°q-´p-

tºmƒ tI{μ-k¿°m¿ F≥tUm-

kƒ^m\v A\p-Iq-e-amb \ne-]mSmbn-

cp∂p ssIsIm≠Xv. Aßns\ Cu

hnhmZw apdpInsIm-≠n-cn-°p∂Xn\n-S-

bn¬ G{]n¬ 25, 26, Xnø-Xn-I-fn¬ P\o-

h-bn¬ \S∂ IoS-\m-in-\n-I-fpsS ̀ mhn

\n¿Æ-bn-°p∂ "tÃm°vtlmw Icm¿'

Ah-tem -I\ tbmKw F≥tUm-

kƒ^m≥ sFI-I-WvT-ambn \ntcm-[n-

°m≥ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-ØXv. AXv hsc

F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ \ntcm-[n-t°-≠-

Xn√ F∂ \ne-]m-sS-Sp-Øn-cp∂ tI{μ

Kh¨sa≥dv A¥m-cmjv{S kΩ¿±

sØ XpS¿∂v \ne-]mSp am‰p-Ibpw

Kh¨sa≥dv {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ tkm]m-

[nI \ntcm-[-\-Øn-\-\p-Iq-e-ambn

P\ohbn¬ thm´p -sN-øp -I-bp -am -

Wp≠mbXv. C¥ysb IqSmsX ssN\,

DKm-≠, Ct¥m-t\jy F∂o cmPy-ß-

fmWv F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ A\p-Iqe

\ne-]mSv P\o-h-bn¬ amt‰≠n h∂-Xv.

sFIy-cm-jv{S-k-̀ -bpsS ]cn-ÿnXn

t{]m{Kmw hIp∏p 2001¬ kzoU-\nse

tÃmIvtlm-an¬ tNcp-Ibpw a\p-

jys‚ Poh\w Btcm-Ky-Øn\pw ]cn-

ÿn-Xn°pw amc-I-amb A]-I-S-ß-

tf¬∏n-°p-∂ cmk-h-kvXp-°ƒ \ntcm-

[n-°-W-sa∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. 173 AwK-cm-Py-ßƒ H∏n´ Cu

Icm -dn -s\ -bmWv "tÃm°v tlmw

I¨sh≥j≥' F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

CXn¬ H∏v sh® {]apJ cmPy-amWv

C¥y. C¥y-bpsS Nne \n¿t±-i-ßƒ

IqSn IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠mWv

P\o-h-bn¬ F≥tUmkƒ^m\v DS-\Sn

]q¿Æ \ntcm-[\w G¿s∏-Sp-ØmØ-

Xv. ]cp-Øn, Im∏n, tXbn-e, ]pI-bn-e,

]®]b¿, D≈n, Dcp-f-°n-g-ßv, X°m-

fn, B∏nƒ, amß, s\√v, tKmXºv apX-

emb 22 hnf -Iƒ°v XpS¿∂pw

F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ Xfn-°m-\p≈

A\p-a-Xn-bmWv C¥y hmßn-bn-´p-≈-

Xv. A©p h¿jw sIm≠v _Z¬

Is≠Øn C¥ybpw A]-ISw hnX-

°p∂ Cu IoS-\m-in\n \ntcm-[n-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv. AXn\v km[n-®n-ń-s√-¶n¬

Bdp-h¿jw IqSn Cu cmk-hkvXp

Xfn-°mw. Aßns\ ]Xn-s\m∂v h¿j-

Øn-\p-tijw F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥

C¥ybpw ]q¿Æ-ambn \ntcm -[n -

t°≠n hcpw. BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬

F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ Dev]m-Z-\-Øn¬ 75

iX-am-\hpw C¥y-bn¬ \n∂m-Wv.

AXn¬ aq∂n¬ c≠p `mKhpw

kzImcy-ta-J-e-bn-em-Wv.

1976 apX¬ Imk¿tIms´ tIcf

Kh¨sa‚ v DS -a -ÿ-X-bn -ep≈

]vfmt‚-j≥ tIm¿∏td-js‚ tXm -́ß-

fn¬ slen-tIm-]v‰¿ D]-tbm-Kn®p

F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ Xfn®p hcp-∂p.

AXn-\-Sp-Øp≈ 11 {Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-I-

fn¬ Im≥k¿, P∑-Pm-X-ssh-I-ey-

ßƒ, K¿Òn-{Zw, \mUo-˛-a-kvXn-jvI-

kw-_-‘-amb tcmK-ßƒ apX-emb

P\n-XI tcmK-ß-fpsS B[n-Iy-amWv

F≥tUm-kƒ^m-\ns\Xnsc a\p-jy-

kvt\-ln -Isf AWn-\n -cØnb-Xv.

Imk¿t°m´v F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥

D≠m-°p∂ P\n-X-I-tcm-K-ß-sfbpw

]cn-ÿnXn \mi-sØ-]‰nbpw ]Tn-

°m≥ tIcf˛tI{μ k¿°m-dp-Iƒ 11

IΩo-j-\p-Isf \n›-bn-°p-I-bp-≠m-

bn. AXn¬ tI{μw \nb-an® l_o-

_p≈ kbo-Zns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈

kan-Xn Cu IoS-\m-in\n \ntcm-[n-

°m≥ ip]m¿i sNbvX-Xm-Wv. tIcf

k¿°m¿ \nb-an® tUm. A®p-X≥

IΩn-‰n, tImgn -t°mSv saUn-°¬

tImtf-Pnse IΩyq-Wn‰n saUn-kn≥

hn`mKw apX-em-b-h¿ \S-Ønb ]T-\-

ßfpw F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ tcmK-Im-

c -W-am -sW∂v Is≠-Øn-bn -´p -≠v.

CXns‚ ê-ambn 2004¬ tIcf

Kh¨sa‚ v \ntcm-[\ta¿s∏-Sp-Øn.

tI{μ-Irjn a{¥m-ebw \nb-an® Irjn-

im-kv{X-⁄-\mb H.-]n. Zps_-bpsS

t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ as‰mcp IΩn-‰n -

bmWv Imk¿tImUv ImWp∂ tcmK-

ßƒ°v F≥tUm-kƒ^m-\p-ambn

_‘-an-s√∂pw AXv sIm≠v \ntcm-

[n-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-s√∂pw ip]m¿i

sNbvXXv. Cu dnt∏m¿´mWv tI{μ-K-

h¨sa‚ns‚ F≥-tUmkƒ^m≥

A\p-Iq-e-\-b-Øn-\m-[m-cw. IqSmsX

KpP-dm-Ønse tamUn k¿°m¿ \nb-

an® Hcp IΩn -‰nbpw F≥tUm-

kƒ^m\v A\p-Iq-e-amb dnt∏m¿´v

\¬In-bn-´p-≠v. a‰p \nc-h[n HutZym-

KnI A\u-tZym -KnI ]T -\ -ßƒ

F≥tUm-kƒ^m\v FXn-cm-Wv. C{X-

b-[nIw P\-Io-b hna¿i-\-ßfpw

hnZKvZ ]T-\-dn-t∏m¿´p-Ifpw k¿tΔm-

]cn lX-̀ m-Ky-cmb Cc-I-fpsS lrZbw

XI¿°p∂ Pohn-X-km-£yhpw D≠m-

bn´pw tI{μ-K-h¨sa≥dv C\nbpw

B[n-Im-cnI ]T\w \S-tØ-≠-Xp≠v

F∂v ]d-™psIm≠v \ntcm-[\w

sshIn-°p-∂Xv hym]-I-amb {]Xn-tj-

[-Øn\pw hna¿i-\-Øn\pw Imc-W-am-

bn. am{X-a√, IoS-\m-in\n a\p-jy-i-co-

c-Øn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ amc-I-amb tcmK-

ßsf ]‰n ]Tn-°m≥ Hcp Irjnim-

kv{X-⁄s\ \nb-an-®Xpw hnhm-Z-am-bn.

IuXp -I -I -c -amb Hcp hkvXpX

Imk¿t°ms´ F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥

krjvSn® tcmK-hn-h-c-ßƒ Adn-™p-

sIm-≠mWv ]e bqtdm-]y≥ cmPy-

ßfpw Xß-fpsS \mSp -I -fn¬

F≥tUmkƒ^m≥ \ntcm-[\wapkm^n¿


Ipd

n∏pI

ƒ


F≥tUm-kƒ^m≥ \ntcm-[n-®-Xv.

a\p-jys‚ Pohn-°m-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-amWv G‰hpw henb auen-Im-h-

Imiw. amc -I -amb hnj-ßfpsS{]tbmKw Im¿jn-I-cw-KØv F¥v t\ -́ß-fp-≠m-°n-bmepw Zo¿L-Im-em-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ a\p-jys‚ Poh\pw

Btcm-Ky-Øn\pw AXv ̀ oj-Wn-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv Hgn-hm°n _Z¬ am¿§wtXSp-I-bmWv Hcp P\-t£a ̀ c-W-IqSwsNtø-≠-Xv. ]g-b-Imew t]mse

CØcw ]mcn-ÿn-Xn-I- {]iv\ßƒtZiob `c -W-Iq -S -ßƒ am{XwssIImcyw sNøp∂ hnj-b-a -√.

Kh¨sa-t‚-Xc ]mcn-ÿn-XnI˛a\p-jym-h-Imi kwL-S-\-Ifpw P\-IobIq´m -b va -Ifpw A¥¿tZ -iobXeØn¬ kwLSn®v tZiob`cWIq-

SßfpsS ta¬ kΩ¿±w sNep-Øm-\p≈ tijn C∂p-≠v. ]mcn-ÿn-XnI

˛ kmº-ØnI hnj-b-ßƒ N¿®

sNøm≥ cmjv{S-Xeh∑m¿ temI-th-Zn-I-fn-se-Øp-tºmƒ AhnsS CØcwA¥¿tZ-iob {]mXn-\n-[y-ap≈ ]cn-ÿnXn {]h¿Ø-Icpw a\p-jym-h-Imi

{]h¿Ø-Icpw kam-¥-c-ambn kwL-Sn®v Db¿Øp∂ hntbm-Pn-∏ns‚ kzc-ßƒ temIw AXoh Kuc-h-tØmsS

ImWp∂p. ]e A¥m-cmjv{S Xocp-am-\-ß-tfbpw kzm[o-\n-°m≥ Ch¿°vIgn-bp∂p. AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ BtKmfkwL-S-\-I-fpsS kzm[o\w P\o-h-

bn¬ tN¿∂ ktΩ-f-\-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-´p-≠v.

ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-tImSn hc-Zm-\-ß-fpsS Ic-h-e-b-Øn-emWv \ΩpsS `qan-bpw ùa-]-cn-ÿn-Xnbpw. BZ-c-Wo-b-

\mb a\p-jy-Po-h\v th≠nbmWv CuA\p-{K-l-tI-Zmcw ssZhw krjvSn-®-Xv. AXy-[nIw teme-amb \nc-h[n

Nm{InI kwhn-[m-\-ß-fpsS GtIm-]-\hpw ]mc -kv] -cy -hp -w k¥p -e -\hpamWv ̀ qansb Dev]m-Z-\-£-a-am°n\n¿Øp-∂-Xv. Aan-X-amb B¿Øn-tbmsS `q]-cn-ÿn-Xnsb sR°n-]n-gn™v em -̀ap-≠m-°m≥ F¥v hnjhpw{]tbmKn°p-∂-h¿ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS CuA\p-{K-l-tI-Zm-csØ \in-∏n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥]d-bp-∂p. "a\p-jy-cpsS ssIIƒ{]h¿Øn-®-Xns‚ ̂ e-ambn Ic-bnepwIS-enepw \miw shfn-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.X¬ -̂e-ambn Ah¿ {]h¿Øn-®-Xn¬Nne-Xns‚ êw A√mlp AhscA\p -` -hn -∏n°p∂p. Ah≥]n≥hmßp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n (30:41) {]Ir-Xn-bpsS kzO-X-bn-te°v aSßn h∂v`£-W-kar≤hpw Btcm-Ky-Zm-b-hp-amb Hcp \√ ̀ mhn a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn-\p-≠m-hs´ F∂v \ap°v {]m¿∞n-°mw.

Pam-AsØ Ckveman-bpsSsh¬s -̂b¿ ]m¿ń Hm^v C¥y

aX-Iob cmjv{Sw cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

th≠n \ne-sIm-≈p∂ Pam-AsØ

Ckveman c≠p-h¿jsØ \nc-¥-c-

amb iqdm Btem-N-\Iƒ°p-tijw

AJn-te¥ym Xe-Øn¬ "sh¬^-b¿

]m¿ń Hm^v C¥y' F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp

cmjv{Sob kwL-S\ cq]o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-

∂p. P\m-[n-]Xy kzX-{¥-temIw shdp-

°p∂ aX-̂ m-kn-k-Øns‚ ̀ mfi-s°-

´p-ambn C¥y≥ cmjv{So-b-Øn¬ CSw

In´m≥ Pam-AsØ Ckveman Gsd-

°m-e-ambn {ian-°p-∂p. {]_p-≤-amb

Hcp P\m-[n-]-Xy-k-aq-l-Øn\p ap∂n¬

kz¥w BZ¿iw t\sc sNmtΔ

Bflm-`n-am-\-tØmsS C°m-e-a-{Xbpw

Pam-AsØ Ckvem an°v ]d-bm≥

km[n-®n-ń-√. kzX-kn-≤-amb {]O-∂-

th-j -\bw Xs∂-bmWv ]m¿ń cq]o-

I-c-W-Ønepw kzoI-cn-®-Xv. Ip©n-I-

ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ kz¥w tIU¿amsc

\nb-an® Pam -AsØ Ckv eman

sh¬s^-b¿ ]m¿ń°v sk°p-e¿

`mh-ßƒ hcp-Øm≥ ]c-am-h[n {ian-

®n-´p-≠v. G{]n¬ 18\v U¬ln-bnse

amhn-e-¶m¿ lmfn-em-Wv ]m¿ń-bpsS

cq]o-I-c-W-{]-Jym-]\w \S-∂-Xv. Pam-

AsØ Ckveman iqdm AwKw

apPvX_m ^mdq-Jn-bmWv {]knU-‚ v.

as‰mcp iqdm AwKhpw 1983¬ knan-

bpsS AJn-te¥ym {]kn-U-‚p-am-bn-

cp∂ tUm. -Fkv.Iyp.B¿. C¬bmkv

BWv P\-d¬ sk{I-´-dn. auem\m

A_vZp¬ hlm_v Jn¬Pn, ae-bm-

fnbpw {InkvXy≥ ]ptcm-ln-X-\p-amb

^mZ¿ F{_lmw tPmk-^v, I¿Wm-

SI ap≥a{¥n efn-Xm-\m-bn°v apX-em-

b-h-sc√mw sshkv {]kn-U-‚p-am-cm-Wv.

16 t]cp≈ ]m¿ń-bpsS tI{μ-t\-XrXz

IΩn-‰n-bn¬ 5 t]¿ AapkvenwI-fm-Wv.

DZvLm-S\ tbmK-Øn¬ F{_lmw

tPmk^v HmXnb Kmb-{Xn-a{¥w tI´v

thZn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ kwLv ]cn-hm¿

t\Xm-°ƒ°v tcmam©ap≠m-bs{X.

C{X-b-[nIw apJw ad-°m≥ {ian-®n´pw

sk°p-e-dn-k-Øns‚ \mSI kma-{Kn-

I-sf√mw FSp-Ø-Wn-™n´pw U¬ln-

bnse am[y-a-ßfpw DØ¿{]-tZ-inse

cmjv{Sob ]m¿ń-I-fpw Pam-AsØ

Ckvemansb Xncn -® -dn™v cq£

hna¿i-\-ß-fp-am-bmWv ]m¿ńsb FXn-

tc‰Xv. sshkv {]kn-U-‚p-am-cn-sem-cm-

fmb auem\m A_vZp¬ hlm_v

Jn¬Pn tIc-f-Ønse aShq¿ hn`mKw

apPmlnZv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ AJn-te-

¥ym -kw -L-S -\ -bmb C¥y≥

Ckvemln aqhvsa‚ns‚ {]kn-U‚m-

Wv. ke-^n-bmb Snbm≥ Adn-bm-

sXtbm As√-¶n¬ a‰p h√ Imc-W-

ß-fmtem Bbn-cn-°pw sh¬ s^-b¿

]m¿ń Hm^v C¥y-bnse t\Xr-Xz-Øn-

se-Øn-b-Xv. GXm-bmepw B ]m¿ń-bp-

ambn bmsXm -cp -hn[ _‘hpw

Xßƒ°n-s√∂v aS -hq¿ hn`mKw

{]kvXm-h-\-bn-d-°n-bn-´p-≠v.

c‡-cq-£n-X-amb hnπ-h-ØneqsS

cmjv{Sw ]nSn-s®-SpØv A[n-Im-c_e-

Øn¬ Xß-fpsS sFUn-tbm-fPn \S-

∏m-°m-sa∂v hmZn-°p∂ cmjv{StI{μn-

X-amb {]ÿm-\-amWv Pam-AsØ

Ckveman. cmjv{Sw F∂m¬ ̀ qan-bnse

ssZh-Øns‚ {]ÿm-\-am-Wv. The

sh¬s^b¿ ]m¿ńbpsS cq]oIcW{]Jym]\ tbmKØn¬ sk{I´dn tUm. Fkv.Iyp. Ceymkv {]kwKn°p∂p.


Ipdn∏

pIƒ

apkm^n¿


(38 ¬ \n∂v XpS¿®){]-hm-N-I-hm-Zn-I-fpsS ta¬ A√m-lp-

hns‚ AXn-I-Tn-\mb tIm]w shfn-hm-

°p∂ ]Øp-e-£-WßfmWv XpS¿∂v

hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ XpS¿∂p ]dbp∂Xv.

hgn -tISnse∂v A√mlphn\m¬

hn[n°s∏´h¿, AXn-{I-a-Im-cn-Iƒ,

kwi-bm -ep -°ƒ, A√m-lp -hns‚

ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ IpX¿°w sNøp-∂-

h¿, B[n-Im-cnI {]am-W-an-√m-Ø-h¿,

A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]-Øn\p ]m{X-am-

b-h¿, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS tIm]-

Øn\p ]m{X-am-b-h¿, Al--¶m-cn-Iƒ,

X∂n-jvS-°m¿, lrZ-b-Øn¬ ap{Z-sh-

°-s∏-´-h¿. t\m°p-I, C\n Hcp \_n

hcn-s√∂p hmZn-®p-sIm≠v ]n≥Km-an-

I-fmb \_n-amsc \ntj-[n-°p∂hcp-

sS-ta¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]hpw

shdp∏pw F{X ITn\w!

bqkp^v \_n (A) A¥y-{]-hm-

N-I-\m-sW∂p hmZn-°p-∂-h-tcmSp

am{X-amWv A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]-sa∂v

FXn¿hm-Z-ap-∂-bn-°p-∂-h¿ hnip≤-

Jp¿-Bs‚ al-XzsØ \n m-c-h¬°-

cn-°p-∂-hcpw "lpZ≥en¬ apØJo≥'

F∂ hN-\sØ Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂-h-cp-

am-Wv. bqkp^v \_n(A) A¥y-{]-hm-

N-I-\m-sW∂ hgn-]n-g® hnizmkw

apl-ΩZv \_n (k)-bpsS ImeØpw

AXn-\p-ti-jhpw Hcp apJy-hn-j-b-am-

hp-Ibpw AXp aptJ\ {]hm-N-I-\n-tj-

[n-Iƒ D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNbvsX-¶n¬

am{Xta ta¬]d™ FXn¿hm-Z-Øn\v

Fs¥-¶nepw {]k-‡n-bp-s≠∂v ]d-

bm≥ ]‰q. Aß-s\-bm -sW-

¶n¬t∏mepw Cu kw`-h-hn-h-c-W-

Øn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p≈ lnZm-bØv

F¥v F∂ tNmZyw A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-

kn-≤m-¥sØ A∏Sn XI¿Øp-I-f-bp-

∂-Xm-Wv.

{]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS Ncn-{Xhpw \ntj-

[n-I-fpsS ]cy-h-km-\hpw hnip≤Jp¿-

B≥ Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v {]kvXm-

hn-°p-∂p-≠v. {]hm-N-I-\n-tj-[-sa∂

Kpcp-X-c-amb A{I-a-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw

apkvenw kap-Zmbw AI-s∏-́ p-t]m-I-cp-sX∂ iIvXamb Xm°o-XmWv CuNcn-{X-hn-h-c-W-Øn-eqsS A√mlp\evIp-∂-Xv. apkveoß-fn¬ BcpwXs∂ ap≥I-gn™ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬Bsc-sb-¶nepw Xßƒ \ntj-[n -°p∂p F∂p hmZn-°p-I-bn-√. F∂n-cns° \_n-am-cp-sSbpw \ntj-[n-I-fp-sSbpw Ncn - {X -Øn¬ \n∂p\mapƒs°m-t≈≠ ]mT-sa-¥mWv?apl-ΩZv \_n (-k) °v tijw \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ {]hm-N-I-∑msc \ntj[n-°p-∂-h¿ apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬D≠m-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂ bmYm¿Yy-amWvhnip≤Jp¿-B≥ A\m-h-cWw sNøp-∂-Xv. C\n Hcp \_n-bpw hcn-s√∂vhmZn-®p-sIm≠v "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥'F∂ ]Zhpw lZo-kp-I-fnse "em\_nø _AvZo' F∂ `mKhpwhnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]mT-ßƒ°v hncp-≤-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-∂-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ Xm°o-Xp-Isf kq£n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

State is the march of God on earthF∂ ̂ mkn-k-Øn-s‚bpw am¿IvknÃv

se\n-\n-Ãv XØz-Øn-s‚bpw Ckv

emanI Bhn -jv°m-c -am -bn -cp∂p

auem\ auZq-Zn -bpsS PamAsØ

Ckveman. At±-l-Øns‚ PnlmZv

kn≤m-¥hpw ssZhnI `c-W-k-¶ev]

hpw A¿Y-am-°p-∂Xv as‰m-∂-√. ]®-

bmb Cu aX-cm-jv{S-hmZw apkvenw

`qcn-]-£cmPy-Ønse P\-ßƒ°p

t]mepw Zln-°p-∂-X√ F∂v I≠-

dn™ Pam-AØv t\Xm-°-∑m¿ cq£-

amb Cu aX-cm-jv{S-hmZw C¥y-bn¬

t\¿∏n®v t\¿∏n®v ]®-sh≈ ]cp-h-

Øn-em-°m-\p≈ {iaw XpS-ßn-bn v́ Hcp-

]mSv Ime-am-bn. tIc-f-ambn cp∂p

AXns‚ ]co-£W-th-Zn. Cu t\¿∏n-

°¬ {ia-Øns‚ `mK-am-bmWv 2005

sabv amk-Øn¬ bph-P-\-kw-L-S-\-

bmb "tkmfn-Um-cn-‰n'-bpsS cq]o-I-c-

Ww. Ah-cpsS AJn-te¥ym hnZym¿Yn

bph-P\ kwL-S-\-bmb Fkv.-sF.-

H.sb tIc-f-Øn¬ Xo¿Øpw Hcp

hnZym¿Yn kwL-S -\ -bm°n am‰n

\n¿Øn bph-P-\-ßƒ°mbp≈ Hcp

cmjv{Sob kwL-S-\-bm-bn-́ mWv tkmfn-

Um-cn‰n cq]o-I-cn-®Xv. Cu thjw

amd¬ {]{In-b-bn¬ Ah-cpsS ÿm]-

I-t\-Xmhv A_p¬ AAvem auZq-

Znsb hsc Ah¿ X¬°m-e-tØ°v

X≈n-∏-d-™p. kmbp[ hnπhw (Pn-

lm-Zv) \S-Øn-bmWv A[n-Imcw ]nSn-

®-S-t°-≠Xv F∂ am¿IvknÃv se\n-

knÃv ssienbmWv ÿm]-I-t\-Xm-hv

cq]w sImSpØ ¢mkn-°¬ aX-cmjv{S

cq]o-I-cW coXn. P\m-[n-]-Xyw, Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏v, atX-X-cXzw Ch-sb√mw

auem-\°v ss]im-Nn-I-amb {]tem-`-

\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Xnc-

s™-Sp∏v cmjv{So-bhpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-

{]-{In-b-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°-ep-sa√mw auZq-

Zn-bpsS ssk≤m-¥nI \ne-]m-Sn¬

\n∂p≈ hyXn-bm-\hpw hymtam-lß-

fp-amWv. 7 h¿jw apºv tkmfn-Um-cn‰n

cq]o-I-cn-®-Xn\v tijw Chn-SsØ CS-

Xp]£ ]ptcm-K-a\ cmjv{So-b-°mcpw

\Ivk¬ amXr-I-bn-ep≈ CS-Xv]£

]m¿ń -Ifpw Db¿Øp-∂Xpw

Db¿Øm≥ km[y-X-bp-≈-Xp-amb

ap{Zm -hm-Iy-ßƒ Gs‰-SpØv h≥

i _ v Z - t I m - e m - l - e - ß - t f m s S

{]Ncn∏n°p-I-bpw Iem kmwkvIm-cnI

{]I-S-\-ßfpw \S-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

cq]o-I-cn® \mƒsXm´v tkmfn-Um-cn-‰n-

bpsS ]cn-]mSn. Cu thj-]-I¿® aqew

P\-Øn\v Xß-fpsS bYm¿Y apJw

Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bn√ F∂ t_m≤y-

Øn-emWv 2010se ]©m-bØv Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏n¬ PamAsØ Ckveman

]s¶-Sp-Ø-Xv. CXn-\mbn Ah¿ a‰p

Nne sNdp-InS ]m¿ń-I-tfbpw Iq´v

]nSn®v "P\-Iob hnI-k\ ap∂Wn'

F∂ t]cn-emWv a’-cn-®-Xv. ]©m-

bØv Xn-cs™-Sp-∏n¬ tIc-f-Øn¬

samØw 600 Hmfw ko‰p-I-fn¬ a’-cn-

s®-¶nepw HºXv ko‰mWv hnIk\

ap∂Wn°v t\Sm≥ Ign-™-Xv. am[y-a-

ß-fnepw Nm\ep -I -fnepw

apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ Xßƒ Hcp h≥

i‡n-bm-sW∂v hcpØn Xo¿°m≥

{ian® Pam-AsØ Ckveman-bpsS

]cm-Pbw Zb-\o-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS

cmjv{Sob BZ¿iw Chn-SsØ {]_p-

≤-cmb apkvenw P\-km-am\yw AwKo-

I-cn-®n-ń√ F∂v Chn-SsØ apJym-[mc

cmjv{So-b-]m¿ń-Ifpw a\- n-em-°n.

]n∂oSv h∂ Akwªn \nb-a-k`m Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏n¬ Pam-AsØ Ckveman

Xßsf ]n¥p-W-t®-°ptam F∂v tIc-

f-Ønse Ccp-ap-∂-Wn-Ifpw ̀ b-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xm-bn-´mWv I≠-Xv. sFIy P\m-[n-]-

Xy-ap-∂-Wn-bnse eoKpw tIm¨{K pw

PamAsØ Ckveman-bpsS ]n¥pW

Xßƒ°v th≠ F∂v Xo¿Øp ]d-

™p. CSXv ]£-am-Is´ Ahsc ITn-

\-ambn Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Ønbpw Ah-cpsS

Xn∑-Iƒ FSpØp ]d™p-amWv

]n¥pW kzoI-cn-®-Xv. CXn-s\-Xnsc

Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ Iem-]-

ap-≠m-bn. Xßsf cq£-ambn hna¿in-

°p-Ibpw ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw a¿Zn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvX CS -Xp] -£-Øn\v

]n¥pW sImSp -Ø-Xns‚ t]cn¬

PamAsØ Ckveman-bpsS s]mfn-‰n-

°¬ sk{I-´dn laoZv hmWn-ta¬

]m¿ń-bn¬ \n∂v cmPn-sh®v apkvenw


eoKn¬ tN¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]©m-

bØv Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ Pam-AsØ

Ckveman-bpsS P\-Iob ap∂-Wn-bpsS

t\XrXzw iqdm Aw-K-amb laoZv

hmWn-ta-en-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

C¥ysbt]mse Hcp _lp-aX

kaq -l-Øn¬ \yq\ -] -£-amb

apkvenwIƒ Ckvemw aXm-[n-jvTn-

Xamb Hcp cmjv{Sw cq]o-I-cn-°m≥

th≠n F¥v thjw sIń-bmepw GXv

cmjv-{Sob ]m¿ń cq]o-I-cn-®mepw AXv

{ItaW h¿Kob {[pho -I -c -W-

ßƒ°pw h¿Kob kwL¿j-

ßƒ°pw Imc-W-am-Ipw. lnμp-Xz-i-

‡n-Iƒ°v Ah-cpsS aXm-[n-jvTm-\-

Øn-ep≈ cmjv{Sob im‡o-I-cW-

Øn\v AXv km[q-I-c-W-ambn amdp-

Ibpw sNøpw. apkvenw aX-hn-izm-kn-

Iƒ `q-cn-]-£-ap≈ cmPy-Øm-bm¬

t]mepw aX-Iob `c-W-IqSw ÿm]n-

°m≥ ]mSn -√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. cmjv{Sw

e£yw t\Sp-∂Xpw aXw e£yw t\Sp-

∂Xpw hyXykvX coXn-bn-em-Wv. A[n-

Im-c-Øns‚bpw i‡n-bpsSbpw ]›m-

Ø-e-Øn-emWv cmjv{Sw e£yw t\Sp-

∂-Xv. a\p-jym-flm-hn-t\mSp≈ \nth-Z-

\-ßfpw DZvt_m-[-\-ß-fp-amWv aX-

Øns‚ coXn. cmjv{S-Øn-s‚ ASn-

ÿm\ kz`m-h-amb \n¿_-‘hpw

_e-{]-tbm-K-hpw -bm-sXm-c¿YØnepw

CkvemanI e£y-ßƒ t\Sm-\p≈

D]-IcW-a-√. Hcp \√-cmjv{Sw D≠m-

hm≥ ssZhw F√m a\p-jy-cnepw

\nt£-]n-®n-´p≈ [m¿an-I-t_m[hpw

am\p-jnIaqeyhpw am{Xw aXn. kXyw,-

\o-Xn, kmtlm-Z-cyw, kaXzw F∂o

aqeyßƒ F√m aX-ßfpw atX-Xc

\nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-IfS°w {]Xy-b-im-kv{X-

ßfpw Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-∂p. AsXm

∂pw Hcp aX-Ø-ns‚bpw IpØ-I-b-√.

]c-am-[n-Imcw tI{μo-I-cn® cmjv{SsØ

AXy¥w hnIm -c -km - {μ -amb aX-

Øns‚ t]cn¬ `cn-°p∂Xpw \ne

sIń-∏-Sp-°p-∂Xpw A]-ISw \nd-™-

Xm-Wv. AXv sIm≠v Pam-AsØ

Ckveman "Ckvemw aX-cmjv{Sw' F∂

Ah-cpsS {]Xy-£hpw {]O-∂-hp-amb

AP≠ Xo¿Øpw ssIsbm-gn-b-Ww.

lrZ-b-Øn¬ cl-ky-ambn aX-cm-jv{S-

hm-ZsØ Xmtem-en-°p-Ibpw _mly-

ambn sk°p-e¿ tImew sI´p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂Xv Hcn-°epw dkq¬ Xncp-ta-

\n(-k)-bpsS amXr-I-b-√ F∂ efnXa

kXysa¶nepw Ahtcm¿°Ww.

aPvenkv Jp±map¬ AlvaZnøm kuØv tIcf kwLSn∏n® am\hssa{Xn kwKaw FdWmIpfw tkmW¬ Aao¿ _n._n.

AlvaZv I_o¿ DZvLmS\w sNøp∂p. auehn Fw. \mkn¿ AlvaZv, C.F®v. \Po_v, dh.tUm. Ãm≥en amXnc∏n≈n, sI.

]n. apcfn (k_v FUn‰¿, P∑`qan) F∂nh¿ kao]w

]mIn-kvXm-\n¬ AlvaZn-Iƒ Poh≥ _en-Zm\w sNbvXv XymtKm-÷z-

e-amb tkh-\-ßƒ A¿∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. A{I-a-]-c-º-c-I-fpsS N°n-en´v

Ahsc Bń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. lpkq¿ Xncp-a-\- ns‚ D]-tZ-i-a-\p-k-

cn®v B XymKn-h-cy-∑m¿ £a-bp-sSbpw ZpB-bp-sSbpw DØa amXrI

ImgvN-sh-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS Pam-A-Øn-\p-th≠n c‡-km-

£nXzw hcn® B al-mXvam°fpsS A\m-Y-cmb IpSpw-_sØ kwc-

£n-°m≥ lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv dm_nAv (d-lv) "kønZp\m

_nem¬ ^≠v' F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp \n[n cq]o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p. 2011 Pq¨ 11-

˛mw Xnb-Xn-bnse JpXzv_bn¬ A\pKrlo-X-amb Cu ^≠n-s\-°p-dn®v

lpkq¿ Xncp-a-\ v Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬

hfsc kzoIm-cy-X-bp≈ Cu ^≠n¬ `mK-`m-°m-hm≥ lpkq¿ F√m

AlvaZn-I-sfbpw Blzm\w sNøp-I-bp-≠mbn.

aplm-kn_v Hmô-kn¬ køn-Zv\m _nem¬ ^≠v F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp

F°u≠v Xpd-∂n-´p≠v. Pam-A-Øw-K-ßƒ CXn¬ `mK-`m-°m-IpI.

ipl-Zm-°ƒ°v th≠n-bp≈ køn-Zv\m _nem¬ ^≠v

ss_Øp¬amen¬ \n∂p≈ Adnbn∏v

]me°mSv taJebnse sImSphmbqcn¬ akvPnZv lmZnbpsS DZvLmS\w ]me°mSv ̨ Xriq¿ taJe Aao¿ s{]m^. A_vZp¬

Icow kmln_v \n¿hln°p∂p. ae∏pdw taJe Aao¿ aplΩZen amkv‰¿, sImSphmbq¿ PamAØv {]knU‚v k°o¿

lpssk≥, FdWmIpfw taJe Aao¿ _n. _n. AlvaZv I_o¿, auehn aplΩZv a≥kn¬, F®v. kpsseam≥ Imht»cn,

auehn F®v. iwkp±o≥ F∂nh¿ kao]w.


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w - Ahmadiyya Muslim Community - Al Islam Online · apl½Zv id-^p-±o³ CÀ^m\n hnZym`ymkw : \mep tNmZy§fpw hnip² JpÀBsâ adp]Snbpw acWm\´c PohnX¯nsâ bpànimkv{Xw DÅS¡w Hcp