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Statewide Vineyard Crop Development Update #4

September 17, 2021

Edited by Tim Martinson and Chris Gerling

Veraison to HarVest

Everest Seedless, the latest release from Bruce Reisch’s table grape breeding program, has enormous (5 gram, at least the size of a quarter) berries, and a flavor reminiscent of Concords. Now ripe and being harvested.

Photo by Tim Martinso

Around New York...Statewide (Tim Martinson)From 9/7 to our sample date of 9/13, maximum daily tem-peratures at Geneva ranged between 78-81 °F, with night-time lows in the low to mid 50s. Two rainy days (9/8 and 9/9) dropped 0.8 in of rain. The rest of the week was over-cast to sunny. In other words, it was mostly good ripening weather.

Natives. Catawba and the 3 Concord blocks gained 1.2-1.3 °Brix. Notably Concord (average 14.6 °Brix) is lagging a cou-ple of points behind last year (16.1°Brix). Acids on Catawba are still high (~20 g/l TA), but Concord acidity dropped 3.6 g/l and now averages ~7 g/l. The Niagara block, at 15.2 °Brix only gained 0.2°Brix, and is fully at (or past) normal harvest parameters for juice. Berry weight of all the natives is 0.4 to 0.8 g higher than last year.

Hybrids. Early-season hybrids (Seyval blanc, Cayuga white) and the rot-prone variety Vignoles have been har-vested. Overall the standard hybrids saw soluble solids in-crease by 1.3 to 2.4 °Brix, while TAs dropped by 0.4-1.6 g/l. Compared to last year, brix are 0.3 to 3.2° lower than last year at this time. Berry weights are 0.16 (St Croix) to 0.5 g/berry (Cayuga white) heavier (and larger) than last year.

Vinifera. The Long Island Sauvignon blanc block was the first of our sample vineyards to be harvested. Brix gains among the vinifera were consistent, ranging from +1.2 °Brix (Chardonnay) to +1.6°Brix (Gruner veltliner). At 16.5 to 19.8 °Brix, sugars are lagging behind last years range (17.5 to 21.2 °Brix). Titratable acidity is running 1-2.5 g/l higher than last year at this time. Berry weights are consistently higher (most in the 0.1 to 0.25 g/berry range.

The most consistent story this year is that berries are bigger. For a vineyard with 9x6 spacing and 807 vines per acre, all other things (cluster number, berry number) being equal, each 0.1 gram of additional berry weight translates to 0.25 T/acre higher yield. Note that for Concord (+0.4 g/berry) and Niagara (+0.8 g/berry) this translates to 1 to 2 T/acre ad-ditional yield. The larger berries resulting from mid-season to post-veraison rains, may also be diluting concentration of sugars in the berries (See Terry Bates’ Concord berry curve for an example).

Long Island (Alice Wise) Harvest is slowly proceeding on Long Island with some early blocks of Pinot Gris and Sauvignon Blanc. Some were picked due to a dire forecast of two days of rain Sept. 16-17. While the temperatures cooled off, the rain dissipated before making it to the East End. The front that moved through is supposed to clear out the persistent haze that has been in place this week. The haze, a consequence of the west coast fires, has been present intermittently throughout the latter half of the season.

Growing degree days in 2021 are almost exactly on track with 2020. Interestingly, starting in 2015, every season has accumulated >3500 GDD. The highest total, 3707, was in 2018. The last 5 or 6 seasons have definitely been warm.

In the LIHREC vineyard, earlier varieties such as Zweigelt and Auxerrois were picked. Due to the worrisome forecast, Dornfelder, Pinot Gris, Muscat Ottonel, Malvasia Bianca and a few others were picked as well. Auxerrois and Dorn-felder were both worked over by yellow jackets and fruit flies. In 25+ years of growing Dornfelder, it has never been attacked so voraciously so early in the ripening season. This

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could be due in part to its location on the end of a row. The scattered panels of Auxerrois varied. Some had more cluster rot/fruit flies/yellow jackets than others. Bird pressure at the LIHREC vineyard has been almost non-existent, a first. In the industry, there is some spotty pressure but overall has been lighter than in past seasons. Otherwise, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc in the LIHREC vineyard have been holding up well. The latter may be picked next week depending on the forecast. The LIHREC vineyard harvest has to proceed gradually due to limited labor, something that businesses are increasingly facing..

Muscat Ottonel was harvested this week at the Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension center in Riverhead, NY

Photo by Alice Wise

Finger Lakes (Don Caldwell)This has been a season of fits and starts it seems. After an early bud break and bloom for many locations ve-raison came only slightly earlier than average and last week ripening appeared to come to a crawl for many vinifera blocks. Thankfully there was a nice jump in brix for many cultivars over the last week and temper-atures in the high 70s and low 80s over the next week or so should push the chemistry numbers for many cultivars into comfortable harvesting territory. At the teaching vineyard Diamond, and Lemberger (for rose, 20 °brix, 3.02 pH, 8.9 g/l TA) were picked. Many vi-nifera-dominant operations are just now getting their harvester, shears, and bins in working order.

Berry weights seem an appropriate topic for this year. At the teaching vineyard we’ve been trying to use a Michigan State University (MSU) model that uses Growing Degree Days to predict final berry weight. The MSU model has most vinifera varieties reaching 50% of their final weight between 1100-1200 GDDs, with Merlot as an outlier at 1700 GDDs. Our data tells us that in the Finger Lakes the GDD number is likely closer to 1500 GDDs for most varieties with Riesling possibly being as late as 1800-2000 GDDs. Berry size is of course only one slice of the pie for crop prediction but this year may be a slightly outsized slice compared to most years

At the teaching vineyard in Dresden we’ve been seeing a higher than normal popula-tion of stink bugs (since we didn’t have anything else to worry about). These are not the Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs (BMSB) that we’ve been trained to spot, but instead seem to be a native species. My best guess is Menecles Insertus. It’s not clear that these stink bugs release the same T2D chemical responsible for wine taint in some circumstances but assuming otherwise would seem imprudent. As a review, Oregon State University researchers examined BMSB taint. The cliff notes version is as follows:

• White wine and rose are generally safe from BMSB taint since the taint is introduced in pressing and greatly reduced during fermentation.

• The magic number for stink bug taint in red wines is three. Less than three BMSB per cluster and con-sumers may detect a difference between that wine

Table 1. Modeled estimates (measured @ specified Growing Degree Days or GDD) of final berry weight and actual final berry weights on four varieties over four years at the Finger Lakes Grape Program’s Teaching and Demonstration vineyard in Dresden NY.

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and one without taint but likely won’t view it as inferior.

• Use of free run juice and a light pressing helps minimize the risk of BMSB taint.

In researching this article I also came across a festival in Taxco, Mexico that celebrates the feast of Jumiles, or stink bugs. So if you have any recipes send them my way.

Lake Erie (Jennifer Phillips Russo) The air officially smells of grape! There have been bins of grapes traveling down the road as Niagara harvest has begun, as well as early Concord grapes coming off of the vine, with reports of soluble sugars in the mid 12’s and a few at 13°Brix. Over the last two weeks, I have noticed that growth has slowed down and there is more wood maturation evident. With the weather forecast projected to warm up and dry out, I anticipate berry ripening picking up.

Table 1 (below) shows sample data from week four of Veraison to Harvest in 2021 compared to 2020. The samples were collected on Sept 13, 2021, and Sept 14, 2020. Overall for this week, all of the berry weights are larger in 2021 with the exception of Riesling, which is no surprise that all of the Brix in 2021 are lower than 2020 in week four except for Noiret. This week’s pH numbers for 2021 are higher than 2020 except for Ries-ling and the 2021 TA are lower than 2020 except Fron-tenac and Traminette.

Table 1. Comparison of fruit composition in Lake Erie Veraison to Harvest samples in mid-September for 2021 versus 2020

Hudson/Champlain (Jim Meyers)Perfection, of a kind, was what he was after,

And the poetry he invented was easy to understand;

He knew human folly like the back of his hand,

And was greatly interested in armies and fleets;

When he laughed, respectable senators burst with laughter,

And when he cried the little children died in the streets.

-- W. H. Auden, Epitaph on a Tyrant

In the past week, all eastern New York regions gained GDDs versus 2020 year-to-date, although Hudson Valley continues to lag behind (Figures 1 and 2). Pre-cipitation accumulation is largely unchanged from last week.

Champlain Valley continues to ripen ahead of this date compared to the prior three years (Figure 3), while Hudson Valley is largely behind the prior three years. Figure 4 indicates slightly better good ripening weath-er in the coming week versus last week.

Figures on following page

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Figure 1. Comparison of 2021 and historical cumulative Growing Degree Days (GDDs) in a representative vineyard from each of four sub-regions of eastern New York.

Figure by Jim Meyers

Figure 2. Difference in cumulative Growing Degree Days (GDDs) and pre-cipitation between 2021 and 2020 as of September 8th. Each colored circle represents a farm location. Local CCE offices are represented by colored squares.

Figure by Jim Meyers

Figure 3. Comparison of 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018 ripening at select vineyards in eastern New York. CV = Champlain Valley. HV = Hudson Valley. UHV = Upper Hudson Valley

Figure by Jim Meyers

Figure 4. Six-day GDD forecast for representative vineyards from each of four sub-regions of eastern New York.

Photo by Jim Meyers

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Fruit Composition Report - 9/13/2021 Fruit composition samples were collected on Tuesday September 13 The next samples will be collected on Mon-day, September 20. YAN measurements take place every two weeks..

Cabernet FrancRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 W. Seneca 1.43 16.3 2.97 9.4 33Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Dresden 1.46 18.5 2.98 8.2 12Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Cayuga 1.50 15.0 2.99 10.1 80Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 E. Seneca 1.72 18.4 3.01 9.1 68Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Lansing 1.77 17.0 2.98 10.3 55

Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Canoe East Central HV 1.36 16.5 3.16 9.1 46Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Benmarl Southwest HV 1.39 14.8 3.19 9.3 233

Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Portland 1.79 14.3 3.04 11.5 154Long Island 9/13/2021 LI-09 1.92 17.5 3.35 7.2 315Long Island 9/13/2021 LI-05 2.20 18.6 3.37 6.6

Average 9/13/2021 1.63 16.5 3.08 9.3 103Prev Sample 9/7/2021 1.56 14.8 3.04 10.9‘20 Average 9/14/2020 1.42 18.9 3.11 8.4 63

CatawbaRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Keuka 2.60 12.6 2.63 20.5 59Prev Sample 9/7/2021 Keuka 2.54 11.4 2.48 22.8’20 Sample 9/14/2020 Keuka 2.46 16.1 2.80 11.8 28

Cayuga WhiteRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Ithaca 3.12 17.0 2.90 9.5 113Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Keuka 3.15 15.8 2.95 8.1 156Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Dresden 3.29 18.8 3.05 6.9 96Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Cayuga HARVEST

Average 9/13/2021 3.19 17.2 2.97 8.1 121Prev Sample 9/7/2021 3.20 15.8 3.03 9.1‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 2.68 17.5 3.10 8.3 166

ChardonnayRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 W. Seneca 1.59 18.4 3.07 8.9 119Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Dresden 1.60 19.2 2.99 7.3 48Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Cayuga 1.68 15.2 3.03 10.9 202Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Lansing 1.74 18.1 3.13 8.2 117Long Island 9/13/2021 LI-03 2.05 18.5 3.29 8.3 202

Average 9/13/2021 1.73 17.9 3.10 8.7 138Prev sample 9/14/2020 2.68 17.5 3.10 8.3 166‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 1.50 20.3 3.15 7.5 125

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ConcordRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Keuka 3.32 13.1 3.08 8.1 158Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 W. Canandaigua 3.51 13.6 3.10 5.7 125

Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Portland 3.69 14.1 3.19 9.2 355Average 9/13/2021 3.50 13.6 3.12 7.7 213

Prev. Sample 9/7/2021 3.46 12.3 3.03 10.8 ‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 3.09 16.6 3.18 6.1 124

Frontenac Region Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Champlain Valley 9/13/2021 Champlain 1.19 22.6 3.03 16.7 262Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Northeast HV 1.35 22.3 3.20 15.3 439

Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Sheridan 1.25 19.0 3.15 17.5 545Average 9/13/2021 1.26 21.3 3.13 16.5 416

Prev Sample 9/7/2021 1.24 20.1 3.13 16.5 ‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 1.14 23.1 3.10 15.7 367

Frontenac GrisRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Champlain Valley 9/13/2021 Champlain 1.24 22.7 3.02 15.9 258Prev Sample 9/7/2021 1.26 19.8 2.99 17.5 ‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 1.14 23.1 3.10 15.7 367

Gruner VeltlinerRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Dresden 1.70 18.7 3.08 6.7 73Previous Sample 9/7/2021 Dresden 1.74 17.1 3.20 6.4

‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 Dresden 1.41 21.3 3.11 5.3 26

La CrescentRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Champlain Valley 9/13/2021 Northern Champlain 1.40 23.4 2.96 12.7 49Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Geneva 1.44 23.6 2.95 15.0 127

Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Northwest HV 1.65 21.0 2.91 13.5 79Average 9/13/2021 1.49 22.7 2.94 13.7 85

Previous Sample 9/7/2021 1.48 22.1 2.97 14.3 ‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 1.32 22.3 2.99 13.9 70

LembergerRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Wayne County 1.99 18.7 2.97 8.9 103Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Dresden 2.24 20.0 3.02 8.9 78

Average 9/13/2021 2.12 19.4 3.00 8.9 90Previous sample 9/7/2021 2.04 18.0 3.07 9.1

‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 2.00 21.2 2.99 8.0 129

MalbecRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Long Island 9/13/2021 2.48 17.3 3.34 10.0 263Previous sample 9/7/2021 2.23 16.0 3.23 11.5

‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 LI-06 2.45 18.1 3.36 7.5 120

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Marechal FochRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Northeast HV 1.66 19.0 3.41 12.7 270Prev Sample 9/7/2021 Northeast HV 1.60 18.8 3.36 11.6‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 NE Hudson Valley 1.09 24.2 3.45 7.1 114

MarquetteRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Champlain Valley 9/13/2021 Northern Champlain 1.66 24.1 2.99 11.8 217Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Ithaca 1.47 22.1 2.87 12.3 193Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Tones HARVEST Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Dresden HARVEST

Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Northwest HV 1.78 18.7 3.10 11.9 384Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Northeast HV 1.84 22.2 3.34 12.3 586

Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Fredonia HARVEST Average 9/13/2021 1.69 21.8 3.08 12.1 345

Prev Sample 9/7/2021 1.66 21.0 3.09 12.5‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 1.50 22.8 3.08 12.7 280

MerlotRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Canoe E Central HV 1.20 18.0 3.29 7.9 48Long Island 9/13/2021 LI-10 1.98 16.8 3.48 7.1 236Long Island 9/13/2021 LI-04 2.07 18.1 3.43 7.1 157

Average 9/13/2021 1.75 17.6 3.40 7.4 147Prev sample 9/7/2021 1.75 16.2 3.36 8.0‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 1.64 19.5 3.45 6.2 122

NiagaraRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Portland 4.45 15.2 3.23 5.9 163Prev Sample 9/7/2021 Portland 4.48 15.0 3.21 7.7‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 Portland 3.57 15.6 3.18 6.7 176

NoiretRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Sheridan 1.64 16.1 3.15 11.1 269Prev Sample 9/7/2021 Sheridan 1.55 14.1 3.11 11.5 ‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 Sheridan 1.59 15.3 3.11 12.0 346

Pinot NoirRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 E. Seneca 1.30 17.0 3.14 8.6 106Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Ontario 1.35 14.6 3.12 7.0 46Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 W. Cayuga 1.50 16.5 3.16 7.1 120

Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Canoe E Central HV 1.39 16.3 3.69 8.8 188Average 9/13/2021 1.38 16.1 3.28 7.9 115

Prev sample 9/7/2021 1.38 14.6 3.18 8.7 ‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 1.43 20.3 3.35 6.5 145

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RegentRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 2.13 18.5 3.17 6.3 62Prev sample 8/30/2021 2.04 15.9 3.11 18.5 78

‘20 Final Sample 8/31/2020 1.48 17.7 2.95 8.4 215

RieslingRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt.

g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Dresden 1.32 16.5 2.80 10.4 57Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Wayne County 1.36 18.4 2.89 10.8 73Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 E. Seneca 1.45 15.2 2.92 14.5 207Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 W. Canandaigua 1.47 14.9 2.83 13.8 147Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Keuka 1.51 15.1 2.81 12.9 104Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 CL 90 Cayuga 1.55 15.6 2.89 13.1 189Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 W. Seneca 1.57 17.1 2.86 11.6 81Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Lansing 1.72 16.6 2.88 11.5 74

Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Canoe E Central HV 1.37 16.0 3.05 10.0 40Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Portland 1.61 16.3 2.94 10.3 112

Long Island 9/13/2021 LI-01 1.60 17.5 3.21 7.6 73Average 9/13/2021 1.50 16.3 2.92 11.5 105

Prev Sample 9/7/2021 1.49 15.0 2.93 13.2 ‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 1.38 18.3 2.98 10.2 108

Sauvignon BlancRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Long Island 9/13/2021 HARVEST Final Sample 9/7/2021 1.64 19.8 3.31 6.9 113‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 LI-02 1.39 17.5 3.43 7.9 242

Seyval BlancRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Cayuga HARVEST Hudson Valley 9/13/2021 Benmarl Southwest HV HARVEST

Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Portland HARVEST Final Sample 9/7/2021 1.79 16.6 3.16 8.0

‘20 Final Sample 8/31/2020 1.54 17.3 2.99 9.4 143

St CroixRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Geneva 2.58 20.0 3.22 8.1 178Prev Sample 9/7/2021 Geneva 2.66 18.7 3.23 8.5‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 Geneva 1.36 21.6 3.20 8.0 141

TraminetteRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Ithaca 1.91 16.7 2.70 12.7 58Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Portland 1.69 15.4 2.84 11.9 173Average 9/13/2021 1.80 16.1 2.77 12.3 116

Prev Sample 9/7/2021 1.68 13.7 2.83 13.6‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 Portland 1.64 17.3 2.84 11.3 96

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Vidal BlancRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 Dresden 2.10 18.1 3.01 9.9 75Average 9/13/2021 Dresden 2.10 18.1 3.01 9.9 75

Prev Sample 9/7/2021 2.04 16.5 3.06 10.5‘20 Sample 9/14/2020 Dresden 1.73 17.4 3.00 8.8 44

VignolesRegion Harvest Date Description Ber. Wt. g. % Brix pH TA g/L YAN (ppm)

Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 VSP Keuka 1.95 19.8 2.86 15.8 244Finger Lakes 9/13/2021 R53V30 HARVEST

Lake Erie 9/13/2021 Portland HARVEST Average 9/13/2021 1.95 19.8 2.86 15.8 244

Prev Sample 9/7/2021 1.96 18.2 2.97 17.4‘20 Final Sample 9/8/2020 1.73 20.2 2.91 16.3

2021 Lake Erie Concord Berry CurveBy Terry Bates

Concord fresh berry weight at 101 days after bloom remains a little above average in our phenology block at 3.11 g. There are various methods to predict final berry weight in Concord (berry weight at 30 days after bloom, 1200 GDD, or GDD accumulation 14 days pre-bloom) and each method tries to predict fresh berry weight at 100 days after bloom.

Beyond that date, prediction accuracy decreases because the berries can either swell with water or de-hydrate depending on the environmental conditions. On average, well balanced vines in the Lake Erie region are close to 16 Brix by 100 days after bloom and 30 days post-veraison.

This season, however, the juice soluble solids accumulation rates are low and running well below average.

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Legislators, Ag Commisioner Ball, and College Administrators Tour Grape Germplasm Collection at Cornell Agritech

by Tim Martinson

New York State Commisioner of Agriculture Richard Ball, state leg-islators, Cornell CALS Dean Benjamin Houlton and other dignato-ries visited the Cornell AgriTech campus to dedicate the newly reno-vated Jordan Hall. Their visitcc included a tour at the USDA’s Grape Germplasm collection, where they viewed a representative display of grapes produced by Bruce Reish’s grape breeding program and various notable accessions among the ~1000 different varieties of grapes and wild accessions at the germplasm collection.

Dr. Erin Galarneau (right) is the new USDA grape curator for the col-lection. She arrived approximately two months ago, from a previous position at UC Davis.

Photos by Tim Marinson

This newsletter was made possible with support from the New York Wine and Grape Foundation, Constellation Brands, and USDA Federal Formula funding through the Cornell and New York State Agricultural Experiment Stations.

Veraison to Harvest is a joint publication of:

Cornell Enology Extension ProgramStatewide Viticulture Extension ProgramLong Island Grape Program - Suffolk CCE

Finger Lakes Grape ProgramLake Erie Regional Grape Program

Eastern NY Commercial Horticulture ProgramCopyright 2021 © Cornell University

The information, including any advice or recommendations, contained herein is based upon the research and experience of Cornell Cooperative Extension personnel. While this information constitutes the best judgement/opinion of such personnel at the time issued, neither Cornell Cooperative Extension nor any representative thereof makes any representation or warrantee, express or implied, of any particular result or application of such information, or regarding any product. Users of any product are encouraged to read and follow product-labeling instructions and check with the manufacturer or supplier for updated information. Nothing contained in this information should be interpreted as an endorsement expressed or implied of any particular product.