Vision work launch

Seppo Honkanen,

University of Eastern Finland

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

On Materials for PhotonicsHelsinki, December 11, 2013

Material Technology 2025 in Finland

Tekes, Functional Materials- Team: Markku Oksanen, Seppo Honkanen

Academy of Finland, Programmable Materials- Team: Seppo Honkanen, Harri Lipsanen, Goery Genty, Heli

Jantunen

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Selection of Future Trends

• Materials for Specialty Optical Fibers− Strong expertise on fiber technology in Finland

− Importance of optical fibers continues to increase

• Innovative Fabrication Technologies− Strong expertise in Finland

− Replication techniques, ”Roll-to-Roll”

− 3D-printing for photonics

− Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)

• Graphene & Other Layered 2D Materials− Field of significant importance

− Expertise in Finland

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Specialty Optical Fibers

• Novel Fibers for Telecommunications− ”Space-Division-Multiplexing”

− Multi-core optical fibers

• Fibers for the mid-IR wavelength range (2 µm to 20 µm) − New materials, e.g., fluoride and chalcogenide glasses

− New fiber dopants, pump sources, waveguide components etc.

− Applications in environmental monitoring, health-care …

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Specialty Optical Fibers ?

• Photonic Crystals (microstructured optical fibers) for new

wavelengths.− Supercontinuum sources

− Fiber lasers

Photo courtesy of Goery Genty

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Innovative Fabrication Technologies

• Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)− Leading edge expertise in Finland

− Just starting to emerge in photonics

− Roll-to-roll ALD being developed

Picture courtesy of Beneq

Example: Al2O3 using trimethylaluminium (TMA) + water

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)

• Examples on nanowaveguides

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Graphene

− Demonstrated 2004 by Geim and Novoselov (Nobel 2010)

− Research of high importance

− Expertise in Finland

− Large-scale EU initiative, Graphene Flagship

− Potential applications in photonics

NATURE PHOTONICS | VOL 7

| NOVEMBER 2013 | 842-845

Nanotube and graphene saturable

absorbers for fibre lasers

Amos Martinez and Zhipei Sun

Carbon atoms arranged in a

2D hexagonal honeycomb

crystal lattice structure

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Layered 2D Materials beyond Graphene

• Molybdenium disulphide MoS2, boron nitride BN etc.− Integration with graphene results diverse properties

− Graphene lacks a direct bandgap

− Monolayer MoS2 is a direct bandgap semiconductor

− Suitable for light emission!

Molybdenium disulphide

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Fabrication of Layered 2D Materials

• Adanced Methods (future methods)− Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)

− ALD?

30-Inch Roll-Based Production of High-Quality Graphene Films for Flexible

Transparent Electrodes, S. Bae et al., Nature Nanotechnology 5, 574 (2010)

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Roll-to-roll ALD of Layered 2D Materials!!

Seppo Honkanen, Materials for Photonics

Thank you for your attention!

Vision work launchSolar Technology Materials

Petra Lundström,

Fortum

Solar energy market and technology trends

Global solar PV market growth accelerating

• Installed PV capacity by end 2013 appr. 140 GW

• Annual global market is expected to grow from 30 GW in 2012 to more than 60 GW in 2017

• Growth shifting from Europe to China, Japan, and the US

Cumulative solar thermal (ST) installations total about 200 GW and Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) about 2 GW.

PV module price has decreased by 75% in four years, grid parity has been achieved on manymarkets already, wholesale parity will be achieved on several markets within next few years

Key technology trends:

• Higher efficiency modules and cells are needed. Silicon-based PV continues to dominate but several thinfilm technologies are emerging. In excellent solar conditions, concentrating photovoltaics (CPV) is a promising new technology.

• Manufacturing costs need to be reduced further using cheaper materials and techniques

• Intelligent system components like inverters in order to better adjust to the fluctuations in power productionand consumption

• Energy storage becomes a key technology as more variable production enters the system

• In solar thermal, competition with evacuated tubes will drive development of new cheaper flat-platecollectors, large-scale solar thermal with district heating is gaining more importance

• Regulation and building codes are driving towards low-energy houses with solar installations. Architecturaldesign requires more building-integrated PV (BIPV) solutions.

Key solar material research topics

• Tandem structures, n-type silicon, back contactsHigh-efficiency

silicon solar cells

• Anti-reflective coatings, surface passivation(ALD)

Cost-effective solarcell manufacturing

• Dilute-nitride materials in III-V multijunction cells, quantum dots and other nanostructures

High-efficiencyCPV cells

• Roll-to-roll manufacturing techiques and materials

Low-cost, large-area thin film cells

• Better control of material impurities, moreendurable materials

Increased reliabilityand system lifetime

• Increased functionality in inverters to control the imbalance between production and consumptionIntelligent inverters

• New solutions and materials for cheaper mountingand construction of PV systems

Cost-effectivemounting structures

• Carbon nanomaterials in battery electrodesElectricity storage

• Electrolysis and methanisation with surplus PV production to allow seasonal electricity storagePower to gas

• Phase-change and other materials to allowseasonal heat storageHeat storage

• Ultrathin materials for glass-glass BIPV, more durable encapsulation materials

Glass and encap-sulation materials

• Organic and dye-sensitised cells for colourtailoring

Coloured BIPV components

• High-efficiency flat-plate solar absorbermaterials

High-efficiencysolar collectors

• Polymeric materialsLightweight and

thinner collectors

• See-through insulation materialsFunctionalinsulation

PV

cells

& m

anufa

ctu

rin

g

Sys

tem

& b

ala

ncin

g

BIP

V &

sola

r th

erm

al

Key research topics in line with

the identified trends

• The list is not exhaustive but gives topics

where Finland has a good starting point

(research and/or industrial activity) for further

competence build-up

Recommended actions for Finnish solar materialresearch going forward

It should be possible to apply for and receive funding for high quality solartechnology research in Finland, both in materials research and other areas• More research emphasis should be put on system issues, e.g., grid integration, storage

and hybrid systems.

• Thus, the needed framework isn’t necessarily a specific material research program –solar technology and system solutions should be potential research topics within manyexisting and upcoming renewable energy/innovation programs

Basic research funding for universities should be more long-term and concentrated on selected key topics and the best groups, efficientinternational networking in this area is key

Applied research should be driven by needs of the industries and clearlyseparated from the basic research

Finnish solar industrial cluster should define clear targets together and then employ the best reseachers to the identified topics

Networking between the industries and research scientists should beencouraged e.g. by arranging workshops regularly

Vision work launch

Prof. Heli Jantunen,

University of Oulu

Electronics

and mobile devices

Mobile devices are connected in cloud

12-2013

Nanometer race in IC´s continue, but future devices integrate SoC with SiP

12-2013

And MEMS content in

systems is increasing...

There will be few applications with very large device volumes, but large number of applications with smaller volumes

12-2013

Area of opportunity

Vision work launch

Pekka Soininen,

Beneq

Future is flexible

Future is Flexible

Functional Materials, December 11 2013,

Pekka Soininen

Manager, New Products

source SonySource Fraunhofer ISE

Vision 2025

2512.12.2013 Beneq 2013

Vision: Future is Flexible

More from less

More consumers need more products

New features and user experiences

Recycling and price reduction

77’’ Curved 4K OLED TV

Can be achieved by

Raw material savings via thin film technologies

Organic materials will be used more widelly

Flexible R2R processing is an effective mass

production method for these needs

What is going on?

2612.12.2013 Beneq 2013

Race is on

The first flexible lighting, PV and display products

are at market already

First flexible products are produced on rigid support

R2R technology under development

Device builtup and R2R technologies to be merged

Preparing for the battle is started by consolidations

and built-up of strong IP’s

Flexible OLED display

Flexible photovoltaics Flexible display Flexible OLED lighting

Photos courtecy VTT

Go Ahead

2712.12.2013 Beneq 2013

Actions

Be part of the R2R development

Cost and material efficiency solutions at

whole value chain has to be developed

Build IP systematically

Utilizate of strong ALD and printed

electronic capabilities we have here at

Finland

Thin film technologies enables flexible

products. We have strong postion at

barriers as example. This have to be

kept.

12.12.2013 Beneq 2013 28

Thank you!

Beneq – Turning Innovations into Success.

Pekka SoininenEquipment Development manager

pekka.soininen@beneq.com

Vision work launch

Markku Leskelä,

FIBIC

Cellulose based biomaterialsVision 2025

Cellulose based biomaterialsVision 2025

11.12.2013 Markku Leskelä

Cellular Strucuture vs Fibril or PolymericCurrently:

• Roughly 200 million tons of pulp is produced, wood & annual plants.

• Used mainly for packaging board, paper and tissue products.

11.12.2013 Markku Leskelä

Source: Wegner, USDA Forest Service.

31

Cellulose Products 2012 – about 6 million t/a

11.12.2013 Markku Leskelä

Nitrocellulose0.15 Mio t/a

Cellulose Ether0.70 Mio t/a

Spec. Paper0.12 Mio t/a

MCC0.15 Mio t/a

Acetate Fibres0.65 Mio t/a

Acetate Film0.25 Mio t/a

Lyocell Fibres0.15 Mio t/a

Film, Casings0.15 Mio t/a

Viscose Fibres3.7 Mio t/a For reference: Cotton market 26 million tons/a.

Source: Presentation by Sixta 2013.

32

11.12.2013 Markku Leskelä

From Cellulose Competence to ExploitingCurrent & Future Opportunities in Value Chains

Textiles:

- Dissolving pulp

- Value specific fabrics, e.g. workwear

Nonwoven,

single use &

functional

properties

Why is an opportunity, main characteristics

Issues to watch

• Big potential replacementmarket.

• As an example, globalmegatrends favor as supply of cotton cannot keep up with the demand.

• Process breakthoughsrequired, one can enter the market through innovation.

• Several value chains; innovations enable entry and market growth, examples:

• Nonvowen – foamprocess

• Workwear –functionalitiesrequired

• Potential source for new business in many industries in Finland.

• Shale gas boom supportsmain rivals, polyester, packaging plastics.

• Material performance vscost.

Packaging applications,

composites and films

Nanocellulose

applications

Cellulose competence – develop

spesific methods & tools to:

- Understand cellulose

characteristics & behavior.

- Process cellulose.

- Modify cellulose for different

enduses.

Thin, superstrong

cellophane

Absorbent

applications,

hygiene &

personal

care

Improvements

in current

pulping

processes

All the application markets have

strongly growing sectors!

Water chemicals

33

Key Messages

• Vision 2025:

– The existing cellulose competence platform has been developed to be the best in the world in the selected focus areas.

– The companies exploit cellulose opportunities in their specific value chains using new processesand potentially new business models.

• Many application markets show strongly growing markets with attractive volumes 2013.

• What to do:

– Develop the competence platform actively:

• Continue and expand cellulose basic research.

• Expand value chain programs.

• Develop demonstration environments.

– Use a combination of programs and funding instruments:

• Academy of Finland, FiDiPro, SHOK-programs (FIBIC, Tekes) & other Tekes instruments, ERA-Net (Wood wisdom), EU (especially Biobased industries initiative - PPP), company programs.

11.12.2013 Markku Leskelä 34

Vision work launch

Margareetta Ollila,

Pakkaustutkimus - PTR

Smart packages

for smart eating

Future food services (city of 40 000 inhabitants)

Public food services according to personal diets/health/wishes

12 000 portions of food per day (schools, daycare, hospitals,

nursing homes) organized by one operator

New customers 1200 per day (+10%): private households, elderly

living at home, offices, etc.

Central organizer for orders & logistics -> 30 % cost savings in

logistics

This represents one case, in Finland there are 60

cities/municipalities with more than 20 000 inhabitants

04-2013

Materials 2025

Smart packages inform operators and users

Increased demand of new material solutions for smart & intelligent

packaging;

• personalized

• renewable

• reusable

• returnable

Package connects the information for logistics and meal preparation

04-2013

Materials 2025

Big challenge for Finland

Healthier, more versatile and personalized nutrition

Business opportunities for local actors and subcontractors,

networking

Reduction of food waste

Creates markets for intelligent and high-design packaging

The business model can be commercialized and exported

04-2013

Materials 2025

Vision work launch

Jari Liimatainen,

Picodeon

Engineering and Machine

Building Case:

Mining industry applications

Materials Technology

Vision

Engineering and Machine Building

Case: mining industry applications

Dr Jari Liimatainen, CEO, Picodeon Oy, partner Kerpua Engineering

Professor Simo-Pekka Hannula, Aalto University

Professor Veli-Tapani Kuokkala, Tampere University of Technology

Mining Industry

Has been a growth business

during last 10 years of materials

& metals super-cycle

Key players OEMs, service

providers and end users

Extreme requirements for

materials and component

solutions, however, materials

solutions mainly traditional

Service business ~ OPEX is

major business issue for OEMs,

service providers and mining &

metallurgy companies

Finland in mining

Cluster of mining companies, OEMs and service providers• Sandvik, Metso, Outotec, Nomet

and mining & metallurgy companies

• Outokumpu, Talvivaara, Anglo American & global giants

material suppliers

• Rautaruukki, Metso, Peiron, Ovako, Teknikum, Robit Rocktools

In Finland, mining technologyhas been gradually turningsignificant technology nucleusand export item possibly passinge.g. pulp & paper technology(equipment and processtechnology business)

Materials suppliers

Sandvik

Rautaruukki

Metso

Ovako

Teknikum

Ravelast

etc

OEMs and service providers

Outotec

Sandvik

Metso

Nomet

etc

Mining operators

Outokumpu

Talvivaara

etc

Mining technology key areas

Mining and mineral

processingtechnologysolutions

Processsystems & equiment

Processtechnology

Automation&

intelligence

Materialsand wear

parts

ISSUES AND IMPACTS

• New process

possibilities

• Integration and

optimization

• Energy efficiency

• Environment

• Recycling processes

ISSUES AND IMPACTS

• Life cycle costs

• Asset management

• New process

possibilities

• New machine and

equipment solutions

• Energy effiency

ISSUES AND IMPACTS

• Integration and optimization

• Energy efficiency

• Remote controls & ROVs

• Safety

ISSUES AND IMPACTS

• Larger units

• Use of automation

• ROVs

• Machine reliability

• Mobile heavy units

• Safety

Materials and components, why are theyimportant in mining industry ?

Wear materials represent second largest life cycle cost item in

mining after energy, in several applications & equipments close to

50%

Applications and material solutions are typically very demanding

(mechanical loads, severe wear, corrosion)

Key applications e.g.

− Drilling

− Transportation & loading

− Crushing

− Grinding (AG,SAG,Ball)

− High pressure grinding rolls (HPGR)

− Pumping

− Etc …..

Role of materials technology in miningtechnology & business

• New wear materials & manufacturing methods for longer life time, improved asset management and lower life cycle costs

Wear parts & consumables

• Mechanically more reliable structures (fatigue, fracture, creep, bearings)

• Elimination of catastrophic failures of critical machine components

More reliablemachinery

• Components and materials allowing new processes and equipmentswith better energy efficiency, capacity and end product quality

New processsolutions

• Self diagnostics in materials, components and structuresIntelligence

• Vibration & noise damping

• Surface engineering

Activity & functionality

Key materials technology platforms

Materials performance

• Wear

• Mechanical performance

• Corrosion

• Heat resistance

• Other functionalities

Microstructuralengineering

• Designing materials for the application

• Integration material processing for optimum performance

Manufacturing technology

• New materials processing

• Metallic materials

• Coatings and claddings

• Elastomers

• Hybrid materials

• Composites

Life cycle management

• Materials performance simulation

• Material design for minimum life cycle costs and impact

Integration of materialstechnology into processtechnology and processlife cycle management

Key materials in mining industry portfolio

Hot rolled wearsteels (boron

and QT steels)

Cast white irons

Castmanganese

steelsWeld overlays

Elastomers & elastomercladdings

Surfacehardenedsolutions

Cementedcarbides

Ceramics

CoatingsCast

composites

Elastomerbased

compositesFabrics

Vision 2025 Materials technology for mining industry

Present

Mainly commodity materials

used

Modest differentiation

among suppliers

Few tailored solutions

Limited capabilities to

predict life cycle

performance

Year 2025

New materials and

manufacturing methods used

in >50% of the applications

Hybrid materials & structures

in use in most of the

demanding high wear

applications

Finland is global leader in high

performance wear solutions

for mining

Vision 2025 Materials technology for mining industry

Qualitative Finnish mining industry cluster is global

leader and forerunner in developmentand utilizing materials technologydevelopments

Finnish universities and researchinstitutes are global scientific leadersin wear materials R&D and relatedmanufacturing technology development

Wear materials & tribology professorto Aalto or Tampere University of Technology

Finnish mining industry OEMs and material suppliers carry out >30% of materials R&D in Finland (ref. 2nd bullet point)

Quantitative Wear materials & components repsesent 50 %

of total mining industry OEM business and

>70 % of services business

Life cycle costs of mining operators are

reduced by -15% using new material solutions

New material solutions (e.g. hybrid

materials, new elastomers, composites, new

steels) represent >50% of total wear material

offering

Finnish industry´s domestic mining and

mineral processing related wear & other

material production is 5x present

The combined materials & component R&D

related to mining and metallurgy among

industry and academia solutions is 3x the

present