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VIRTUAL POWER PLANTS OF MICRO CHP UNITS
COMBINED WITH ACTIVE
COMPONENTS REDUCING PEAK LOADS AND LOAD
FLUCTUATIONS
Dipl.- Wirtsch. Ing. Phillip GronstedtProf. Dr.-Ing. Michael Kurrat
FORSCHUNGSVERBUNDENERGIE NIEDERSACHSENEnergy Research Alliance of Lower Saxony
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Agenda
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Idea of an Active Distribution Network
Consideration of Fluctuating Energy Conversion Processes
Implementation of a Micro CHP Virtual Power Plant
Using Flexible Applications within Households
Integration of el. Storage Systems
Results and Outlook
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Idea • Setting up an active distribution network in order to intergrate renewable systems
• Using a grid-oriented approach:leveling the load profile – reducing peaks
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Details:
The situation at the outset was the following
HC House Connection
AU Accommodation Unit
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Agenda
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Idea of an Active Distribution Network
Consideration of Fluctuating Energy Conversion Processes
Implementation of a Micro CHP Virtual Power Plant
Using Flexible Applications within Households
Integration of el. Storage Systems
Results and Outlook
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Load
[kW
]
Initial load Incl. PV-SystemsTime [hh:mm]
Consideration of PV Feed-in
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Idea of an active distribution networks
Consideration of Fluctuating Energy Conversion Processes
Implementation of a Micro CHP Virtual Power Plant
Using flexible applications within households
Integration of el. Storage Systems
Results and Outlook
Agenda
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Virtual power plant of combined heat and power micro units
Micro CHP units installed with buffer storage and peak load boiler
A developed energy management system, based on a standard communication (IEC 61850), coordinates the use of the virtual power plant by using UMTS-router
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Central Schedule Management
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Grid-oriented operation mode• Objective: Peak Shaving and leveling of the overall load profile
• The higher the penetration level of micro CHP units, the bigger is the positive effect for the distribution network
Virtual power plant of combined heat and power micro units
1CHP micro
unit
2CHP micro
units
5CHP micro
units
10CHP micro
units
15CHP micro
units
20CHP micro
units
25CHP micro
units
30micro CHP
units
ele
ctri
cal lo
ad
in
kW
time in ¼ h
resulting residential load
original residential load
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Idea of an active distribution networks
Consideration of Fluctuating Energy Conversion Processes
Implementation of a Micro CHP Virtual Power Plant
Using flexible applications within households
Integration of el. Storage Systems
Results and Outlook
Agenda
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Adaptive consumers
Household appliances
Cluster of devices
Scheduler Dynamic load control of small consumers via pooling
• Hierarchical Multi-Agent System• Devices are dynamically clustered into pools
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Agenda
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Idea of an Active Distribution Network
Consideration of Fluctuating Energy Conversion Processes
Implementation of a Micro CHP Virtual Power Plant
Using Flexible Applications within Households
Integration of el. Storage Systems
Results and Outlook
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Electric storage systems within an active distribution network Electro-chemical storage systems with up to 5kW and 10kWh are
combined with almost every third decentralized power unit.
An algorithm is implemented in MATLAB Simulink with CPLEX-Solver to fulfill different operation concepts (grid vs. market)
The study at hand focuses on grid purposes and compares the performance of centrally installed systems (next to transformer) with those that are positioned decentrally (next to power unit).
©FFE
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Agenda
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Idea of an Active Distribution Network
Consideration of Fluctuating Energy Conversion Processes
Implementation of a Micro CHP Virtual Power Plant
Using Flexible Applications within Households
Integration of el. Storage Systems
Results and Outlook
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Resulting Load Profile
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
0:15 5:00 9:45 14:30 19:15 0:00
initial load incl. PV, CHP-VPP, DSM and ESS incl. PV, CHP-VPP and DSM
load
(kW
)
time
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Results and Outlook
Smart integration of decentralized power units via VPP combined with strategies for DSM & El. Storage units could improve signifanctly the further use of renewable energy resources and the reduction in grid losses within distribution networks.
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
-60,00%
-40,00%
-20,00%
0,00%
20,00%
share of feed-in by distributed energy
generation
change of daily peak load
change in the difference of daily peak and base load
incl. PV incl. PV and CHPincl. PV, CHP and DSM incl. PV, CHP, DSM and ESS
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Questions and Answers
Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Phillip GronstedtWorking Group Energy Systems
Technische Universität Braunschweig
Institute for High Voltage Technology and Electrical Power Systems – eleniaSchleinitzstraße 23 | 38106 Braunschweig | Germany
Email: [email protected]
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Simulation of PV feed in 30% of HC are using PV-
Systems with 7kWel
PV is implemented by a physical model for solar radiation and a stochastic component for clouding and shadowing effects
Input: meteorological data Meteomedia, Region
Braunschweig/Germany, Year 2009
Three different scenarios
SIMULINK-Module
Module Specifications
Parameter
PMPP 180 W
IMPP 7,55 A
UMPP 23,8 V
NOCT 48ºC
Measurements166 x 83 x 50
cm (HxBxT)without with partialforecasting
Ph. Gronstedt– Germany– RT Session 4– Paper 0279
