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C++ Program

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. In a C++ program, two slash marks ( // ) indicate:a. The end of a statementb. The beginning of a commentc. The end of the programd. The beginning of a block of codee. None of the above

ANS: B

2. A statement that starts with a # is called a:a. Commentb. Functionc. Preprocessor directived. Key worde. None of the above.

ANS: C

3. For every opening brace in a C++ program, there must be a:a. String literalb. Functionc. Variabled. Closing bracee. None of the above

ANS: D

4. The ______ is/are used to display information on the computer's screen.a. Opening and closing bracesb. Opening and closing quotation marksc. cout objectd. Backslashe. None of the above

ANS: C

5. The _____ causes the contents of another file to be inserted into a program.a. Backslashb. Pound signc. Semicolond. #include directivee. None of the above

ANS: D

6. _____________ represent storage locations in the computer's memory.a. Literalsb. Variablesc. Comments

d. Integerse. None of the above

ANS: B

7. These are data items whose values do not change while the program is running.a. Literalsb. Variablesc. Commentsd. Integerse. None of the above

ANS: A

8. You must have a ___________ for every variable you intend to use in a program.a. purposeb. definitionc. commentd. constante. None of the above

ANS: B

9. Of the following, which is a valid C++ identifier?a. June1997b. _employee_numberc. ___departmentd. myExtraLongVariableNamee. All of the above are valid identifiers.

ANS: E

10. The numeric data types in C++ can be broken into two general categories:a. numbers and charactersb. singles and doublesc. integer and floating pointd. real and unreale. None of the above

ANS: C

11. Besides decimal, two other number systems you might encounter in C++ programs are:a. Octal and Fractalb. Hexadecimal and Octalc. Unary and Quaternaryd. Base 7 and Base 9e. None of the above

ANS: B

12. A character literal is enclosed in ________ quotation marks, whereas a string literal is enclosed in ________ quotation marks.a. double, singleb. triple, doublec. open, closedd. single, double

e. None of the above

ANS: D

13. In memory, C++ automatically places a ___________ at the end of string literals.a. Semicolonb. Quotation marksc. Null terminatord. Newline escape sequencee. None of the above

ANS: C

14. Which escape sequence causes the cursor to move to the beginning of the current line?a. \nb. \tc. \ad. \be. \r

ANS: E

15. What is the modulus operator?a. +b. *c. &d. %e. ||

ANS: D

16. Which data type typically requires only one byte of storage?a. shortb. intc. floatd. chare. double

ANS: D

17. What is the output of the following statement?

cout << 4 * (15 / (1 + 3)) << endl;a. 15b. 12c. 63d. 72e. None of these

ANS: B

18. In programming terms, a group of characters inside a set of quotation marks is called a:a. String literalb. Variablec. Operationd. Statement

e. None of the above

ANS: A

19. This is used to mark the end of a complete C++ programming statement.a. Pound Signb. Semicolonc. Data typed. Voide. None of the above

ANS: B

20. Which character signifies the beginning of an escape sequence?a. //b. /c. \d. #e. {

ANS: C

21. ____________ must be included in any program that uses the cout object.a. Opening and closing bracesb. The header file iostreamc. Commentsd. Escape sequencese. None of the above

ANS: B

22. If you use a C++ key word as an identifier, your program will:a. Execute with unpredictable resultsb. not compilec. understand the difference and run without problemsd. Compile, link, but not executee. None of the above

ANS: B

23. In the C++ instruction,

cookies = number % children;

given the following declaration statement:

int number = 38, children = 4, cookies;

what is the value of cookies after the execution of the statement?a. 2b. 0c. 9d. .5e. None of these

ANS: A

24. This function in C++ allows you to identify how many bytes of storage on your computer system an integer data value requires.a. lenb. bytesc. f(x)d. inte. sizeof

ANS: E

25. Character constants in C++ are always enclosed in ______.a. [brackets]b. "double quotation marks"c. 'single quotation marks'd. {braces}e. (parentheses)

ANS: C

26. These are used to declare variables that can hold real numbers.a. Integer data typesb. Real data typesc. Floating point data typesd. Long data typese. None of the above

ANS: C

27. The float data type is considered _____ precision, and the double data type is considered _______ precision.a. single, doubleb. float, doublec. integer, doubled. short, longe. None of the above

ANS: A

28. A variable whose value can be either true or false is of this data type.a. binaryb. boolc. T/Fd. floate. None of the above.

ANS: B

29. How would you consolidate the following declaration statements into one statement?

int x = 7;int y = 16;int z = 28;

a. int x = 7; y = 16; z = 28;b. int x = 7 y = 16 z = 28;c. int x, y, z = 7, 16, 28d. int x = 7, y = 16, z = 28;e. None of these will work

ANS: D

30. A variable's ___________ is the part of the program that has access to the variable.a. data Typeb. valuec. scoped. reache. None of the above

ANS: C

31. Every complete C++ program must have a _____________.a. commentb. function named mainc. preprocessor directived. symbolic constante. cout statement

ANS: B

32. This control sequence is used to skip over to the next horizontal tab stop.a. \nb. \hc. \td. \ae. \'

ANS: C

33. Which one of the following would be an illegal variable name?a. dayOfWeekb. 3dGraphc. _employee_numd. June1997e. itemsorderedforthemonth

ANS: B

34. Look at the following program and answer the question that follows it.

1 // This program displays my gross wages.2 // I worked 40 hours and I make $20.00 per hour.3 #include <iostream>4 using namespace std;56 int main()7 {8 int hours;9 double payRate, grossPay;

10

11 hours = 40;12 payRate = 20.0;13 grossPay = hours * payRate;14 cout << "My gross pay is $" << grossPay << endl;15 return 0;16 }

Which line(s) in this program cause output to be displayed on the screen?

a. 13 and 14 d. 13b. 8 and 9 e. 15c. 14

ANS: C

35. Which of the following defines a double-precision floating point variable named payCheck?

a. float payCheck; c. payCheck double;b. double payCheck; d. Double payCheck;

ANS: B

36. What will the following code display?

cout << "Monday";cout << "Tuesday";cout << "Wednesday";

a. MondayTuesdayWednesday

c. MondayTuesdayWednesday

b. Monday Tuesday Wednesday d. "Monday""Tuesday""Wednesday"

ANS: C


int number = 7;cout << "The number is " << "number" << endl;

a. The number is 7 c. The number is7b. The number is number d. The number is 0

ANS: B


int x = 0, y = 1, z = 2;cout << x << y << z << endl;

a. 0 1 2 c. xyzb. 0

12

d. 012

ANS: D


cout << "Four\n" << "score\n"; cout << "and" << "\nseven"; cout << "\nyears" << " ago" << endl;

a. Fourscoreandsevenyears ago

c. Fourscoreand sevenyears ago

b. Four score and sevenyears ago

d. Four scoreand sevenyears ago

ANS: A


cout << "Four " << "score "; cout << "and " << "seven/n"; cout << "years" << "ago" << endl;

a. Four score and sevenyearsago

b. Four score and sevenyears ago

c. Four score and seven/nyearsago

d. Fourscoreandsevenyearsago

ANS: C


cout << "Four" << "score" << endl; cout << "and" << "seven" << endl; cout << "years" << "ago" << endl;

a. Fourscoreandsevenyearsago

b. Four score and seven years agoc. Fourscoreandsevenyearsago

d. Fourscoreandsevenyearsago

ANS: D

42. Assume that a program has the following variable definition:

char letter;

Which of the following statements correctly assigns the character Z to the variable?

a. letter = Z; c. letter = ‘Z’;

b. letter = “Z”; d. letter = (Z);

ANS: C

43. What will the value of x be after the following statements execute?

int x;x = 18 / 4;

a. 4.5 c. 0b. 4 d. unknown

ANS: B


int x;

x = 18.0 / 4;


ANS: A


int x;x = 18 % 4;


ANS: C

46. Assuming you are using a system with 1-byte characters, how many bytes of memory will the following string literal occupy?

"William"

a. 7 c. 8b. 14 d. 1

ANS: C

47. The first step in using the string class is to #include the ___________ header file.a. iostreamb. cctypec. cmathd. stringe. None of the above

ANS: D

48. Assume that a program has the following string object definition:

string name;

Which of the following statements correctly assigns a string literal to the string object?

a. name = Jane; c. name = ‘Jane’;

b. name = “Jane”; d. name = (Jane);

ANS: B

TRUE/FALSE

1. When typing in your source code into the computer, you must be very careful since most of your C++ instructions, header files, and variable names are case sensitive.

ANS: T

2. A preprocessor directive does not require a semicolon at the end.

ANS: T

3. The C++ language requires that you give variables names that indicate what the variables are used for.

ANS: F

4. A variable called "average" should be declared as an integer data type because it will probably hold data that contains decimal places.

ANS: F

5. Escape sequences are always stored internally as a single character.

ANS: T

6. Floating point constants are normally stored in memory as doubles.

ANS: T

7. C++ does not have a built in data type for storing strings of characters.

ANS: T

8. If you do not follow a consistent programming style, your programs will generate compiler errors.

ANS: F

Algorithm

What is the order of the following growth function? t(n)= 5nlogn + 20n - 4 A. O(1)B. O(log n) C. O(n) D. O(n log n)

The following code segment has ______ time complexity?

for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){

for(int j = 0; j < n: j=j*2){

int val = (j*i);

System.out.println(val)

}

}

A. O(1)

B. O(n)

C. O(n2)

D. O(nlogn)

Which Growth function has the highest order?

A. O(n log n)

B. O(n2)

C. O(2n)

D. O(log n)

What is the time complexity of the following loop?

for (int count = 0; count = <n; count ++)

{

for (int count2 = 0; count2 < n; count2++)

{

}

}

A. O(n2)

B. O(n3)

C. O(n)

D. O(2n)

Which of the following has the smallest time complexity?

A. 3n+5+2n

B. Logn + 2C. 3n+4D. n logn

What does a growth function show?

A. How big a program must be before completedB. How many times a program can be re usedC. Time or space utilization relative to the problem sizeD. How many lines a program is

Software must make efficient use of resources such as _______ and _______ .

A. Hard Drive, Video CardB. CPU time, MemoryC. CPU time, Video CardD. Memory, Hard Drive

What is the O(_) of this growth function? __<n4>__

3n4+n2+3n-867.5309

A <growth> function shows time or space utilization relative to the problem size.

Software must make efficient use of resources such as CPU time and memory.

Algorithm __<analysis>__ is a fundamental computer science topic.

The __<order>__ of an algorithm is found by eliminating constants and all but the

dominant term in the algorithm’s growth function.

The order of an algorithm provides an __<upper bound>__ to the algorithm’s

growth function.

If the algorithm is __<inefficient>__, a faster processor will not help in the long run.

The time complexity of a loop is found by multiplying the complexity of the

__<body of the loop>__ by how many times the loop will execute.

The analysis of nested loops must take into account both the __<inner and outer

Loops>__.

The order of an algorithm refers to the __<asymptotic complexity>__ of the algorithm’s growth function.

True/False. The order of an algorithm is found by eliminating constants and all but the domi-nant term in the algorithm’s growth function.

True/False. Speeding up the processor by a factor of 10 will increase the processing speed by a factor of 10 regardless of the efficiency of the algorithm.

True/False. A growth function shows time or space utilization relative to the problem size.

True/False. Software must make efficient use of resources such as CPU time and memory.

True/False. The order of an algorithm provides a lower bound to the algorithm’s growth func-tion.

True/False. If the algorithm is inefficient, a faster processor will help.

True/False. The time complexity of a loop is found by multiplying the complexity of the body of the loop by how many times the loop will execute.

True/False. The analysis of nested loops must take into account both the inner and outer loops.

True/False. The order of an algorithm refers to the asymptotic complexity of the algorithm’s growth function.

True/False. Method calls are always O(n).

What is the difference between the growth function of an algorithm and the order of that algo-rithm?

The growth function of an algorithm represents the exact relationship between the prob-lem size and the time complexity of the solution. The order of the algorithm is the as-ymptotic time complexity. As the size of the problem grows, the complexity of the algo-rithm approaches the asymptotic complexity.

Why does speeding up the CPU not necessarily speed up the process by the same amount?

Linear speedup only occurs if the algorithm has constant order, O(1), or linear order, O(n). As the complexity of the algorithm grows, faster processors have significantly less impact.

How do we use the growth function of an algorithm to determine its order?

The order of an algorithm is found by eliminating constants and all but the dominant term from the algorithm’s growth function.

How do we determine the time complexity of a loop?

The time complexity of a loop is found by multiplying the time complexity of the body of the loop times the number of times the loop will execute.

How do we determine the time complexity of a method call?

The time complexity of a method call is found by determining the time complexity of the method and then substituting that for the method call.

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