19

iqjLdkj

vH;kl

4

loZuke o Hksn

lR;iky vkSj papy dh lkjh ckrphr dks muosQ ,d f'k{kd lqu jgs FksA lR;iky dh lPpkbZ

ns[kdj og xn~xn~ gks mBsA mUgksaus lR;iky dh ihB Bksdh vkSj dgk] ^^'kkck'k cPps! rqEgkjh lPpkbZ

ls eq>s cgqr izlUurk gqbZA vkt osQ ckn rqEgsa v[+kckj cspus osQ fy, nkSM+&/wi ugha djuh iM+sxhA eaSa

rqEgsa fon~;ky; dh rjIkQ ls ,d g”kkj #i, ekfld Nk=ko`fRr fnyokÅ¡xkA** lR;iky us fouez Hkko

ls dgk] ^^xq#th] vkidh bl o`Qik osQ fy, cgqr&cgqr /U;oknA**

1- Åij fn, x, vuqPNsn esa ls laKk 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,μ

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------

+

20

2- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa eksVs dkys 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx fdu laKk 'kCnksa osQ fy, gqvk gS\

(d) lR;iky vkSj papy dh lkjh ckrphr muosQ ,d f'k{kd lqu jgs FksA ------------------------------

([k) lR;iky dh lPpkbZ ns[kdj os xn~xn~ gks mBsA ------------------------------

(x) mUgksaus lR;iky dh ihB BksadhA ------------------------------

(?k) vkt osQ ckn rqEgsa v[+kckj cspus osQ fy, nkSM+&/wi ugha djuh iM+sxhA ------------------------------

(Ä) eSa rqEgsa fon~;ky; dh rjIkQ ls Nk=ko`fRr fnyokÅ¡xkA ------------------------------ ------------------------------

;kn jf[k,μtks 'kCn laKk 'kCn osQ LFkku ij vkrs gSa] mUgsa loZuke

dgrs gSaA

3- mfpr loZuke 'kCn n~okjk uhps fn, x, okD;ksa dks iwjk dhft,μ

mls] vki] mlosQ] og] ge] mlus

(d) e/q us dgk fd ----------------------------------------- dy 'kgj tk,xhA

([k) eukst us ns[kk fd --------------------------------- fe=k eSnku esa [ksy jgs FksA

(x) jes'k osQ firkth us ------------------------------------------- irax fnyokbZA

(?k) ---------------------------------------------- eatjh dks izFke vkus ij c/kbZ nhA

(Ä) vxj ------------------------------------------ ugha gksrs rks vkt ------------------------------------- ugha cprsA

4- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa dks cgqopu :i esa cnydj fyf[k,μ

(d) og tk jgh gSA

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([k) mlus esjh iqLrd mBkbZA

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+

21

(x) eSaus :ik dks xqCckjk fn;kA

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(?k) ftls yM~Mw pkfg, og vkxs vk,A

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(Ä) ;g f[kykSuk fdlosQ fy, gS\

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5- mfpr loZuke 'kCn pqudj iz'uokpd okD; cukb,μ

mnkgj.k% eksgu gfj osQ ?kj pyk x;kA

eksgu fdlosQ ?kj pyk x;k\

(d) lhek us iwtk dks migkj fn;kA

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([k) njok”ks ij vej [kM+k FkkA

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(x) nw/ esa eD[kh fxj xbZA

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(?k) ;g pkch lksue dh gSA

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(Ä) jf'e us fIkQYe ns[khA

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D;k-

fdls

fdlus

dkSu

fdldh

+

22

lef>, vkSj ;kn jf[k,μ loZuke osQ Hksn mnkgj.k

1- iq#"kokpd (lquus okys] cksyus okys rFkk fdlh eSa] rqevU; osQ fy, iz;qDr gksus okys loZuke 'kCn)

2- iz'uokpd (iz'u iwNus osQ fy, iz;qDr gksus okys dkSu] D;kloZuke 'kCn)

3- vfu'p;okpd (ftu loZuke 'kCnksa ls fdlh dksbZ] oqQNfuf'pr oLrq] O;fDr dk cks/ u gks)

4- fu'p;okpd (fudV ;k nwj dh oLrq] O;fDr ;g] ogosQ fy, iz;qDr gksus okys loZuke 'kCn)

5- laca/okpd (tks loZuke fdlh nwljs tks&ogloZuke ls laca/ crk,¡)

6- futokpd (vius fy, iz;qDr gksus Lo;aokys loZuke 'kCn)

6- uhps fn, okD;ksa dks mfpr iq#"kokpd] iz'uokpd ;k futokpd loZuke 'kCnksaa ls

iwjk dhft,μ

(d) ---------------------------------- i<+ jgk gw¡A

([k) ;g dke eSa ---------------------------------- dj yw¡xkA

(x) njok”ks osQ ikl ---------------------------------- [kM+k gS\

(?k) og vius ---------------------------------- ukuh osQ ?kj tk,xkA

(Ä) ---------------------------------- pys x,A

(p) vkius ---------------------------------- Hkstk gS\

23

7- mfpr fu'p;okpd] vfu'p;okpd ;k laca/okpd loZuke 'kCnksa ls fjDr LFkku

Hkfj,μ

(d) 'kjcr esa ---------------------------------- fxj x;kA

([k) ---------------------------------- esjs nksLr gSaA

(x) ftldh ykBh ---------------------------------- HkSalA

(?k) ---------------------------------- esjh iqLrd gSA

(Ä) ---------------------------------- djksxs] oSlk HkjksxsA

vkvks nksgjk,¡

8- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa esa vuqLokj ( a ) vFkok vuqukfld ( ¡ ) fpg~u yxkb,μ

(d) ppy (x) eqg (Ä) ijrq

([k) iko (?k) lSdM+ks (p) igqp

9- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa eksVs dkys 'kCnkas osQ foykse 'kCn [kkyh LFkku esa Hkjdj okD;

iwjs dhft,μ

(d) lR;iky ,d fu/Zu ckyd Fkk vkSj lksgu -------------------------------------- ckydA

([k) lR;iky rks v[+kckj cspuk pkgrk Fkk exj yksx ckfj'k esa -----------------------------ugha pkgrs FksA

(x) lsBth us osQoy ,d O;fDr dks gh ;ksX; ik;k ckdh lHkh dks ------------------------------------A

(?k) jkgqy dk fu'kkuk rks pwd x;k exj jfo dk fu'kkuk rks -------------------------------------- FkkA

10- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ fyax cnydj fyf[k,μ

(d) xq.koku μ ---------------------------------------------- (x) lezkV μ ----------------------------------------------

([k) vfHkusrk μ ---------------------------------------------- (?k) fon~oku μ ----------------------------------------------

24

vkvks fy[ksa

11- Nk=ko`fRr ysus osQ fy, vius fon~;ky; dh iz/kukpk;kZ dks izkFkZuk&i=k fyf[k,μ

lsok esa

iz/kukpk;kZ egksn;k

---------------------------------------- LowQy

----------------------------------------

fo"k;& -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

egksn;k

lfou; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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vkidk@vkidh ---------------------------------------------------------------

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25

lh[kks

vH;kl

5

vkius ^lh[kks* dfork ls D;k&D;k lh[kk\ mls Mk;jh osQ :i esa fyf[k,μ

fnukad --------------------------------------------------

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Mk;jh ys[ku

26

vuks[kk ojnku

vH;kl

6

fo'ks"k.k

fot; flag ,d usdfny jktk FkkA og viuh iztk dk cgqr è;ku j[krk FkkA ekewyh diM+s igudj

lk/kj.k turk osQ chp tkdj muosQ gky&pky dk irk yxkuk mldk fu;e FkkA ,d jkr jktk Hksl

cnydj tk jgk FkkA mlosQ ?kksM+s dk ihNk djrs gq, MkowQ Hkh pqiosQ&pqiosQ pys tk jgs FksA MkowQ

jktk osQ 'kkunkj ?kksM+s ij gkFk lkIkQ djuk pkgrs FksA

1- Åij fn, x, vuqPNsn osQ vk/kj ij ,d 'kCn esa crkb, fdμ

(d) jktk oSQlk Fkk μ ----------------------------------------------------------------

([k) diM+s oSQls Fks μ ----------------------------------------------------------------

(x) turk oSQlh Fkh μ ----------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) ?kksM+k oSQlk Fkk μ ----------------------------------------------------------------

+

27

2- vc vki ;g crkb, fd ^jktk*] ^diM+s*] ^turk*] ^?kksM+k* 'kCn oSQls 'kCn gSaμlaKk@loZuke (vius mRrj ij lgh (✓✓✓✓✓) dk fu'kku yxkb,)A

bu 'kCnksa a dh fo'ks"krk crkus osQ fy, ftu 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS]mUgsa ----------------------------------- dgrs gSaA ([kkyh LFkku esa viuk mRrj fyf[k,A)

;kn jf[k,μlaKk ;k loZuke dh fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCnkas dks fo'ks"k.kdgrs gSaA

3- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa fo'ks"k.k 'kCnksa osQ uhps js[kk [khafp,μ

(d) jkf/dk osQ cky yacs gSaA

([k) lkfgy eksVk gSA

(x) jksfgr dk ?kj cM+k gSA

(?k) fpfM+;k osQ ia[k lqanj gSaA

4- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dks muosQ mfpr fo'ks"k.k ls feykb,μ

'kCn fo'ks"k.k

ikuh nks ehVj

[khj ehBh

diM+k dM+oh

nokbZ BaMk

;kn jf[k,μfo'ks"k.k 'kCn ftu laKk ;k loZuke 'kCnksa dh fo'ks"krk crkrs

gSa] mUgsa fo'ks"; dgrs gSaA

28

5- uhps fn, x, okD;ksaa esa ls fo'ks"k.k ,oa fo'ks"; Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,μ

okD; fo'ks"k.k fo'ks";

(d) ehuk us lqanj ÚkWd [kjhnhA ------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

([k) xqfM+;k osQ cky lqugjs FksA ------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

(x) oqQN yksx mBdj pys x,A ------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

(?k) NBh d{kk osQ cPps i<+ jgs FksA ------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

(Ä) lM+d osQ fdukjs cM+s iRFkj FksA ------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

(p) ckfj'k esa diM+s xhys gks x, FksA ------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

(t) ge dy gh u;k Vsyhfo”ku yk, gSaA ------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

6- uhps fn, x, okD;ksaa dks è;ku ls if<+,μ

(d) iRrs cgqr gjs FksA

([k) pk; cgqr xje FkhA

fn, x, fjDr LFkkuksa dks iwjk dhft,μ

bu okD;ksa eas ̂ iRrs* vkSj ̂ pk;* osQ fy, ----------------------------------vkSj--------------------------------- fo'ks"k.kksa dk iz;ksx

fd;k x;k gSA

• ^cgqr gjs* esa ^cgqr* 'kCn ------------------------------------------- dh fo'ks"krk crk jgk gSA

• ^cgqr xje* esa ^cgqr* 'kCn ------------------------------------------- dh fo'ks"krk crk jgk gSA

;kn jf[k,μtks 'kCn fo'ks"k.k dh fo'ks"krk crkrs gSa] mUgsa izfo'ks"k.k

dgrs gSaA

29

7- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa ls fo'ks"k.k ,oa izfo'ks"k.k Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,μ

okD; fo'ks"k.k izfo'ks"k.k

(d) fdyk cgqr iqjkuk FkkA ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------

([k) es”k dkIkQh Å¡ph gSA ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------

(x) diM+s ”;knk xhys ugha FksA ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------

(?k) dfork cgqr vPNh yM+dh gSA ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------

lef>, vkSj ;kn jf[k,μ

fo'ks"k.k osQ Hksn mnkgj.k

1- xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k (tks laKk ;k loZuke lqanj] ehBk] yky

osQ xq.k] nks"k] voLFkk dk cks/ djk,¡) pedhyk] n;kyq

2- la[;kokpd fo'ks"k.k (tks laKk ;k loZuke ik¡p] rhljk] nqxquk]

dh la[;k dk cks/ djk,¡) oqQN] cgqr

3- ifjek.kokpd fo'ks"k.k (tks laKk ;k loZuke ,d fdyks] nks yhVj]

dk uki&rksy crk,¡) pkj ehVj] FkksM+s&ls] lkjk

4- lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k (tks loZuke dh ;g] mldk] gekjk

fo'ks"krk crk,¡) og] os

8- uhps fn, x, okD;ksaa easa fo'ks"k.k 'kCnksa osQ uhps js[kk [khafp, vkSj lkeus fn, x, LFkku

ij muosQ uke ;k Hksn fyf[k,μ

okD; fo'ks"k.k dk Hksn

(d) ehrk cM+h prqj gSA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) ik¡p cPpksa us xkuk xk;kA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

30

(x) esjs cLrs esa oqQN fdrkcsa j[kh gSaA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) mlus nks fdyks vke [kjhnsA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) og yM+dh d{kk esa izFke vkbZ gSA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(p) eksgu osQ cxhps esa yky iwQy yxs FksA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(N) ;g deh”k esjh cgu us nh FkhA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(t) dfork osQ ikl FkksM+s&ls pus FksA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

vkvks nksgjk,¡

9- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk ,dopu ,oa cgqopu :i esa iz;ksx djrs gq, ,d&,d okD;

cukb,μ

mnkgj.kμ ,dopu MkowQ py jgk FkkA

cgqopu MkowQ py jgs FksA

(d) iqy ,dopu ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

cgqopu ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) iwQy ,dopu ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

cgqopu ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10- uhps fn, x, okD;ksaaa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,μ

(d) ftlosQ vkus dh frfFk fuf'pr u gks μ ------------------------------------------- o`QrK

([k) lIrkg esa ,d ckj gksus okyk μ ------------------------------------------- lkIrkfgd

(x) ianzg fnuksa esa gksus okyk μ ------------------------------------------- cgqewY;

(?k) ftldk ewY; cgqr vf/d gks μ ------------------------------------------- vfrfFk

(Ä) fd, gq, midkj dks ekuus okyk μ ------------------------------------------- ikf{kd

31

11- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ lgh :i fyf[k,μ

(d) fonq"kd μ ------------------------------------------- (x) lMd μ -------------------------------------------

([k) MkowQvkas μ ------------------------------------------- (?k) rjddh μ -------------------------------------------

12- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa essa ls laKk ,oa loZuke 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,μ

okD; laKk loZuke

(d) D;k vki vke [kk,¡xs\ ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

([k) usgk us mls Mwcus ls cpk;k FkkA ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

(x) og dy vkxjk tk,xkA ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

(?k) mUgksaus xUus rksM+sA ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

13- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa mfpr eqgkojksa dk iz;ksx dhft,μ

gkFk lkIkQ djuk] cky ck¡dk u dj lduk] ldrs esa vkuk

(d) viuk ijh{kk&ifj.kke ns[kdj jksfgr ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) cl esa fdlh us firkth osQ cSx ij ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) lthyh dk rks dksbZ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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+

32

vkvks fy[ksa

14- fn, x, fp=k osQ vk/kj ij 80&100 'kCnksa esa vuqPNsn fyf[k,μ

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