VHE -ray physics overview

GRBs

AGN

cold dark

matter

quantum gravity effects

origin of cosmic rays

cosmologicacosmologicall

-ray -ray horizonhorizon

pulsar

--quasarquasar

shelltypeSNR

galacticcenter

pulsar windnebula

47 sources above 100 GeV seen by Hess+Magic, only 4 before!

The MAGIC -ray telescope

•Largest Cherenkov

Telescope: 17 m Ø mirror dish

•3.5° FoV Camera with 576 enhanced QE PMT’s

•Fast repositioning for GRBs: average ~30s

•Trigger threshold: 50 GeV•Analysis threshold: 60 GeV•Sensitivity: 2.5% Crab / 50 h-PSF: ~ 0.1°•Energy resolution: 20 - 30%

Barcelona IFAE, UA Barcelona, U. Barcelona, HU Berlin, Instituto Astrofisica Canarias, U.C. Davis, U. Dortmund, U. Lodz, UCM Madrid, MPI München, INFN/ U. Padua, INFN/ U. Siena, INR Sofia, Tuorla Observatory, Yerevan Phys. Institute, INFN/ U. Udine, U. Würzburg, ETH Zürich

PHYS DATA TAKING EFFICIENCY > 90% with good wheather & moon (1100 moonless hrs/year + 400 with moon)

Science highlights from MAGIC since 2006

• 18 scientific papers published or in press

• ~15 sources detected

• 5 new extragalactic sources discovered– Including the prototype of a new family of objects:

LBL AGNs emit VHE gammas!

MAGIC Coll., Discovery of VHE gamma emission from BL Lac, astro-ph/0703084, subm. to ApJ Lett

• 2 new galactic objects discovered– Including the prototype of a new family of objects

MAGIC Coll., VHE gamma emission from the quasar LS I +61 303, Science 312 (06) 1771

Extragalactic VHE -ray sources15 blazars & 1 radio galaxy15 blazars & 1 radio galaxy

• VHE -rays: leptonic or hadronic origin?

• Fast flares can be used for tests on light propagation • Gamma Ray Horizon cosmological parameters

MAGIC observations:

Mrk 421 z=0.030 astro-ph

/0603478 Mrk 501 z=0.034 astro-ph 0702008

1ES2344+514 z=0.044 astro-ph /0612383

Mrk 180 z=0.045 ApJL 648 (2006) 105

1ES1959+650 z=0.047 ApJ 639 (2006) 761

BL Lac z=0.069 astro-ph/0703084

1ES1218+308 z=0.182 ApJL 642 (2006) 119

PG1553+113 z>0.09 ApJL 654 (2007) 119

• 3 more in pipeline

redshift

• AGN with relativistic jet aligned with observer’s line of sight

• non-thermal emission, highly variable

• SSC model: Synchrotron+ IC

Blazars:

observerobserver

• Variability studies of Mkn 501:

for the 1st time, IC peak detected

• Huge Mkn 501 flare: 4 Crab intensity, signal more than doubled wrt baseline

• Intensity variation recorded in 2 minute bins => new, much stronger, constraints on emission mechanism and light-speed dispersion relations (effective quantum gravity scale).

• O (Mp/100) reached

High time-resolution study of AGN flare

What’s new – 1 : MAGIC2 & Italy• Mirror production: @ full speed!

– Blank production started• 4 mould produced• 4 mirrors/day production ratefor full production• 20 blanks already produced

– Mirrors polishing tested• 7 mirrors fully finshed @LTto test the full procedure• ~1 mirror/dayproduction rate

In summer the production will stop for lack of funds: only 1/3 of mirrors (80)financed so far by INFN…

3 new mirrors mounted in the MAGIC I frame for test

Performing well after > 1 year

What’s new – 2 : the CTA

aims to explore the sky in the 10 GeV to 100 TeV energy range

builds on demonstrated technologies: ~replicas of MAGIC, HESS in 2 sites (N/S)

combines guaranteed science with significant discovery potential

~1000 sources expected

R&D proposal now

INFN leads:

Mirrors

Site section & Infrastructure

If infrastructure financed in 2009, will take over MAGIC&HESS in 2012

Inner array (larger

telescopes)

Outer array(smaller telescopes)

Efficiency @ 5 in 50 hours

Conclusions• MAGIC is delivering very good physics results

– detected ~15 sources

– discovered 4 new VHE -ray sources

– 18 scientific publications (printed or submitted)

• Cycle2 almost completed: important commitment to test fundamental physics (DM, Lorentz violation, …)

• A second telescope will see the first light soon (end 2007?)

2 x better sensitivity no. of sources may increase up to ~50We need money for it…

Conclusions

Richieste

• Sblocco dei SJ (le missioni estere sono state

particolarmente scarse quest’anno: per

risparmiare MAGIC Italia fa turni di 24 notti

consecutive)

• 230 kEUR per l’ottica di MAGIC2 (1/3)

• 240 + 50 + 10 kEUR per elettronica/DAQ di

MAGIC2

• Approvazione del nuovo MoU, nel quale

MAGIC2 e’ esplicitamente incluso

Futuro (fino al 2010)• Importante interazione con i satelliti gamma

– Dal 2007: Run con AGILE

– Dal 2008: Run con GLAST

E’ fondamentale il completamento di MAGIC2, che raddoppia l’efficienza, migliora la precisione angolare e abbassa la soglia energetica. Temibile la concorrenza di VERITAS, come MAGIC all’emisfero N, che e’ ora operativo con 3 telescopi e entro l’anno lo sara’ con 4

• Ci si attende di arrivare entro il 2010 a ~30 nuove sorgenti VHE

• Il numero di FTE, oggi ~30, passera’ a ~35 (contatti con un nuovo gruppo che si presentera’ a giugno)