Upload
valentina-mounsey
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
VECTOR CONTROL
SERVING THE FOLLOWING MARKETS:
Parties Caterers Small
towns/cities Backyards/
homes Cabins Golf courses Resorts Campgrounds
Business facilities
Parks
Outdoor weddings
Church events
Ball parks
City/civic events
Theme parks
MOSQUITO AS VECTORSThese “vectors” are the #1 killers of
human beings throughout the world: Malaria – from Anopheles species Yellow Fever – from Aedes species Dengue – from Aedes spp. (recent
outbreak in Hawaii) Encephalitis diseases – many
kinds, including West Nile Virus – most species are capable of spreading it, but Culex is the most important in New Jersey
WEST NILE VIRUS
WEST NILE CASES
First detected in US in 1999 1999 62 cases of Severe WNV
7 deaths all in New York City area.
2000 21 cases 2 deaths all in NYC area.
2001 66 cases 9 deaths. 2003 9122 cases 223 deaths
nation wide.
WEST NILE VIRUS
The virus is stored in the mosquito’s salivary gland and is transmitted when the mosquito takes a blood meal.
As of January 2004 – 37 species of mosquitoes have tested positive for the WNV
WEST NILE HUMAN CASES3752 CASES IN 2007 ALONE
WEST NILE VIRUS
37 Mosquito Species can be infected with WNV.
Culex is primary vector (Southern House Mosquito) breeds in septic water. Not spread person to person or animal to
animal. Dead birds in area indicator (Jays &
Crows) 40-60% mortality. Sparrows are probably main transmitter as WNV propagates at high levels in blood
People over 50 highest risk of infection Most serious manifestation of WNV is
fatal encephalitis type (inflammation of the brain).
NEW JERSEY LICENSING
CATEGORY (8B) MOSQUITO ONLY CATEGORY THAT WILL
COVER APPLICATIONS FOR MOSQUITO CONTROL IN NEW JERSEY
LIFE CYCLE
All mosquitoes undergo complete metamorphosis and have four distinct stages in their life cycle: Egg, larva, pupa and adult.
The eggs, larva and pupa life stages are all aquatic; the adults are terrestrial.
MOSQUITO BIOLOGY
MOSQUITO BIOLOGY
All mosquitoes must have water in which to complete their life cycle.
Mosquitoes never develop in grass or shrubbery, although the flying adults frequently rest there during daylight hours.
Only female mosquitoes feed on blood – males feed on nectar and other plant juices
Female mosquitoes may travel up to 30 miles from their breeding location
MOSQUITO BIOLOGY
Eggs laid directly on water usually hatch within 2 or 3 days
Eggs laid by the “tree hole” or “flood water” species – in pockets that will later fill with water – can survive up to 5 years without hatching if water is not present
MOSQUITO LAYING EGGS
MOSQUITO EGGS
When first deposited eggs are white; they become dark brown to black within an hour or two.
Shape varies, with most being football or boat shaped.
Species may be divided by where and how they lay their eggs.
MOSQUITO LARVAE
POOL OF LARVAE AND PUPA
LARVAE OR WIGGLERS
Growth and development phase. Head capsule equipped with a pair
of well developed biting jaws or mandibles.
Abdomen contains a siphon tube (for breathing) in most species. Larva will be seen near the surface of water with the breathing tube protruding.
Most feed on plankton, decaying organic matter, some are predaceous.
LARVAE
Development time varies by species, available food and temperature. May be as few as 5 days or as long as 30 days or even more.
PUPAL STAGE
Called tumblers, shaped like a comma
Non-feeding stage
When undisturbed congregate at surface of water.
Disturbed – tumble toward the bottom of pool.
PUPAL STAGE
Depending on spp and temperature, pupal stage may only last 1 or 2 days or up to 10 or more.
MOSQUITOES FOUND IN NEW JERSEY
AEDES AEGYPTI
AEDES AEGYPTI
AEDES AEGYPTI IS THE PRIMARY VECTOR OF HUMAN DENGUE FEVER AND YELLOW FEVER
SURVIVAL IS POOR IN HOT DRY CLIMATES
MEDIUM SIZED BLACKISH MOSQUITO
HAS SILVERY WHITE LYRE-SHAPED PATTERN ON SCALES
AEDES AEGYPTI
EGGS ARE DEPOSITED ON DAMP ARTIFICIAL CONTAINERS
ONE OF TOP PRODUCERS IN TIRE PILES OR CONTAINERS
EGGS CAN RESIST DESSICATION FOR UP TO ONE YEAR
EGGS HATCH WHEN FLOODED BY DEOXYGENATED WATER
LARVAE DEVELOP FROM EGG TO ADULT FROM 4-10 DAYS.
AEDES AEGYPTI
FOUND ABUNDANTLY IN TOWNS AND CITIES
EARLY MORNING OR LATE AFTERNOON FEEDERS
PREFERS HUMAN BLOOD OVER OTHER MAMMALS
WILL FREQUENTLY RESIDE INSIDE HOMES
DOES NOT SURVIVE FREEZING TEMPERATURES (EGG OR ADULT)
AEDES VEXANS
AEDES VEXANS
LAYS DESSICATION RESISTANT EGGS
PRIMARILY IN FRESH FLOODWATER GROUND DEPRESSIONS
CONSIDERED A FLOODWATER MOSQUITO
WILL OVERWINTER IN EGG FORM
AEDES VEXANS
RELYS ON SUMMER RAINS TO FLOOD LOW LYING GROUND DEPRESSIONS
GOES THROUGH ACCELERATED LARVAL DEVELOPMENT
CAN EMERGE AS AN ADULT 4-5 DAYS AFTER EGG HATCH
CULEX PIPIENS
CULEX PIPIENS
CONSIDERED THE HOUSE MOSQUITO OF THE USA
IS A LIGHT BROWN MOSQUITO WITH NO DISTINCTIVE MARKS
WILL BREED IN STORM DRAINS, POLLUTED POOLS, DITCHES, SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS AND ANY POLLUTED BODY OF WATER
CULEX PIPIENS
Lays non-dessication resistant eggs
Must lay directly on water for eggs survival
Eggs hatch in 1-2 days Larvae thrive in polluted water
habitat Overwinters as a mated female Most common vector of St.
Louis
ASIAN TIGER MOSQUITO
ASIAN TIGER MOSQUITO
ALSO KNOWN AS AEDES ALBOPICTUS
WAS INTRODUCED INTO TEXAS IN 1985
WAS FOUND IN NJ IN 1995 KNOWN AS A CONTAINER
BREEDER LAYS DESSICATION RESISTANT
EGGS ON THE SIDE OF CONTAINERS
ASIAN TIGER MOSQUITO
EASY TO IDENTIFY WITH WHITE STRIPES ON IT’S LEGS AND ABDOMEN
PREFERS TO BREED IN TIRES BUT WILL LAY EGGS IN ANY CONTAINER
IS A PEST TO HOMEOWNERS BECAUSE IT WILL FEED DURING DAYLIGHT HOURS AS WELL AS AT DUSK
BREEDING SITESMOSQUITOES FREQUENT
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
BREEDING SITES
MOSQUITO DEPRESSION
VECTOR EQUIPMENT
VECTOR EQUIPMENT
TREATMENT OPTIONS
Larvacides Adulticides Source Reduction Biological Controls Barrier Treatments
LARVACIDING WITH BTI’S
Used to treat the larval stage only
Liquid, granule/pellet form Bti – Bacillus thuringiensis
israelensis –great product Applied to water (breeding sites)
or anticipated wet areas Usually accomplished by public
entity Several treatments per season Will not get them all!
TEKNAR G (BTI)
LARVACIDING WITH ALTOSID
Altosid products are from Zoëcon Are effective on Larvae only Labeled for use in human drinking
water Very specific to mosquitoes Residual activity depends on the
formulation Some formulations penetrate
vegetation better than others
ALTOSID PRO G
ALTOSID PRO G
1 Teaspoon treats 50 square feet or 200 gallons
½ Teaspoon treats 25 square feet or 100 gallons
ADULTICIDING
Used to treat adult mosquitoes
Liquid, ULV, mist, fog or aerosol form
Usually applied in the early evening
Provides only temporary relief Very important part of IMM Will not get them all!
SOURCE REDUCTION
Can permanently impact control
Requires public education and cooperation
Environmentally sound approach
Will not get them all!
BARRIER TREATMENTS
Used in mosquito abatements Consists of focusing a residual
treatment to mosquito resting sites
Will not get them all!
BARRIER APPLICATION
For an effective barrier treatment you would treat any surface area that a mosquito would rest on - near the structure
Use Demand CS at 6 ml per 1000 sq. ft to treat with a hand tank or a power sprayer
Treat limbs of shade trees, flower beds, shrubs, tall grass and shaded areas around buildings where mosquitoes congregate
BARRIER APPLICATION SITE
BARRIER APPLICATION SITE
BARRIER CALCULATIONS
Barrier Work The following example will give 7 to
15 days of residual control depending on weather:
Yard Area: 100 ft wide by 100 deep = 10,000 sq
ft or .26 Acres
As much as 10 gallons of finished spray to
cover grass, foliage, trees, foundation, etc. using
manual backpack or motorized backpack sprayer
Typical Charge: Service Charge……..$50.00
1 cent /sq. ft………………….$100.00 (10,000 x .01)
TOTAL………………………… $150.00
CALCULATION EXAMPLE
Actual Costs of Application: Chemical: Demand CS (10 oz per 50 gallon..)…..
…… $37.50
average backyard (10 gallon or 2 oz demand cs /
gal).$7.50 (1/4
hour @$100 per hour)………………………………..
$25.00
TOTAL…………………………………………………….
. $32.50
THANK YOU !1-800-920-0906
www.njmosquitocontrol.comwww.actionpestcontrol.com