Varun Smart Grid

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The Smart Grid:Deconstructed and Demystified

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Guilty or Not Guilty?

• How often do you turn on your kitchen sink faucet, then leave for the day?

• How often do you leave your car idling all night in your garage?

• How often do you leave lights and computers on, and all charging devices plugged in all the time?

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Why is electricity held in low esteem?

• Because it is always there

• Because it is cheap

• Because we treat it like a commodity

• Because we ignore it

unless………..!!

THE LIGHTS GO OUT !!!??

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North Blackout of 2012

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Today’s Agenda

• Today’s Grid

• Smart Grid OverviewSmart Grid Overview– PlayersPlayers– Funding the Smart GridFunding the Smart Grid

• Evolutions and RevolutionsEvolutions and Revolutions

• Smart Grid Top Ten TrendsSmart Grid Top Ten Trends

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Today’s Electrical Grid

• Energy flow in one direction, from generation to consumer

• Information flow in one direction from meter to utility – manually read by a meter reader or transmitted information

back to the utility

Generation Transmission Distribution Home/Office

Energy Information

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The Traditional Power Grid

• Problems with current Power Grid– It is not efficient

• Transmission losses = 20%• Only 30% of the energy consumed is transmitted to consumers

– It has not kept pace with modern challenges• Security threats from energy suppliers or cyber attack• Limited alternative power generation sources• No solutions for conservative use of energy• Un-interruptible electricity supply• Poor situation awareness• Poor control and management of distribution network

• A “SMARTER” grid is needed!

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Agenda

• Today’s Grid

• Smart Grid Overview– Players

• Evolutions and Revolutions

• Smart Grid Top Ten Trends

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Tomorrow’s Smart Grid

• Energy flows in many directions, from generation to grid or building, from car to/from building, from utility to

customers, from customers to utility

• Information networks established to create secure communications between devices and

people

Generation Transmission Distribution Home/Building

DistributedGeneration& Storage

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HANNeighborhood Area Network

Distribution Area Network Core Network

Distribution Automation

Mobile Applications

Utility Core Systems

Power Quality Sensors

OutageManagement

AMI Network

Demand Response

PHEV Station

Distribution Area Network

SmartGrid = Network of Networks

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Smart Grid: Enter Your Definition Here

AMI

Power Quality and Planning

Renewable Integration

SMART GRIDSMART GRID

Demand Response

Distribution Automation

Outage Management

Field Data Applications

PHEV Management

Distributed Intelligence, Automated Controls, Broadband Communications

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Opportunities for Greater Community Value

$RE

Timely information for city visitors

Mobile data access for city

workers

Community-wide mobile Internet

access

Reducing traffic congestion and carbon emissions

Building economic development

Conserving resources/

reducing carbon footprint

Improving public safety

Enhancing revenue

capture and improving

visitor experience

Efficient, on-time public transport

Enhancing education

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Smart Grid Benefits

The Smart Grid will:

• Reduce CO2 emissions by up to 480 MMT by 2020

• Save in energy and fuel costs

• Lower rates? No

• Lower bills? Yes

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Agenda

• Today’s Grid

• Smart Grid Overview– Players– Funding the Smart Grid



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Electricity Supply Chain – Now

Generation Transmission Distribution

Say Good bye to these three silos

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The Supply Chain Evolves

Generation Transmission Distribution Consumption

Consumption is a new and critical Link in the Supply Chain

Traditional Grid Smart Grid Enhancements

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The Smart Grid Relies on Storage


StorageUtility-scale• Compressed air• Flywheels

Utility-scale• Flywheels• EC Capacitors

Substation-scale• Molten salt• Flow cells

Residential-scale• Electric vehicle• Home battery


Energy Storage technologies underpin centralized and distributed generation

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The Smart Grid Changes Generation






Technology• Utility-scale

renewablesRegulatory• Decoupling• Feed in TariffsPlayers• New power

producers


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Transmission Impacts – Big but Mostly Invisible to End Users








producers

Technology• Superconductivity• Synchrophasors• HVDCRegulatory• Interstate trans-

mission agency to build lines?

Players• TranscosTraditional Grid Smart Grid Enhancements

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Distribution Becomes Bi-directional








producers



Players• Transcos

Technology• Smart meters• Distribution

automation• MicrogridsRegulatory• Zoning to allow

storage


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Major Changes in Store for End Users








producers



Players• Transcos

Technology• Smart meters• Distribution

automation• MicrogridsRegulatory• Zoning to allow

storage

Technology• HAN• HEMS• Smart appliancesRegulatory• Net metering• FiTsPlayers• Energy-efficiency

consultantsTraditional Grid Smart Grid Enhancements

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A Revolution is Ongoing

• Remember how the telecom industry looked and acted twenty years ago?

• Be prepared for big changes to your relationship with electricity!

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Agenda

• Today’s Grid

• Smart Grid Overview– Players– Funding the Smart Grid



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Top Ten Trends

#1 – The Smart Grid will dramatically increase renewable energy sources for utility-scale and distributed generation

From this To this

http://hurricanecandice.wordpress.com/2008/03/23/scotland-makes-move-toward-energy-independence/267/

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Top Ten Trends

#2 –Existing transmission assets must be upgraded to transport the maximum KV amounts on them

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Top Ten Trends

#3 – Security standards will guide protocols, processes and procedures, but mistakes will occur, creating new cottage industries for consultants, lawyers, and hackers

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Top Ten Trends

#4 – Distributed generation facilities will be built using renewable energy sources and storage for onsite consumption and for resale back to the grid

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Top Ten Trends

#5 – Energy will be stored at many points on the grid, including rolling batteries (EVs and PHEVs), home batteries, as well as utility-scale storage

http://www.teslamotors.com/design/gallery-body.php

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Top Ten Trends

#6 – ordinary folks will engage in energy arbitrage, using intermediaries to manage interactions with utilities

#7 – Cars become income generators for their owners -- carbitrage

EVs and PHEVs will not lose value the minute they are driven off the lot

=

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Top Ten Trends

#8 – Energy efficiency-enabled devices will proliferate in homes – my home will be smarter than I am!

#9 – HEMS applications will control appliances to save on energy bills

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Top Ten Trends

#10 – Fight against power thefts.

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CONCLUSION

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References

• [1] sponsored by USAID/India. • [2] Westar Energy, "Smart Grid", Presentation, Jun, 2009• [3] Jinquan Zhao, Wenying Huang, Zhaoxiong Fang, Feng Chen,

Kewen Li and Yong Deng, “On-Line Voltage Stability Monitoring and Control (VSMC) System in Fujian power grid”, Proceedings, Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2007.

• [4] DOE's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, "The Smart Grid: An Introduction"

• [5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_grid• [6] Nanjing Nari-Relays Electric Co. Ltd., “Wide Area Protection

System for Stability”, www.nari-relays.com

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_grid

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Thank You!

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