V25

THE GREEN FUEL TREATMENT

BRANCH OFFICE: ADERCO EUROPE S.A. Chaussée de Louvain 275

B - 1410 Waterloo Tel: + 32/2.354.46.72 - Fax: + 32/2.354.54.10

Email: info@adercosa.be Web Site: www.aderco.com

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CONTENTS

Chapters Pages

BRIEF INTRODUCTION 3

THE FUEL TREATMENT CONCEPT 3

ADERCO V25 ADVANTAGES 4

CHARACTERISTICS OF V25

– 1/ THE SURFACTANT PROPERTIES

5

HOW DOES ADERCO V25 WORK? 6

FUEL TANKS ISSUES 7

FILTERS ISSUES 8

WATER ISSUES 9

OXIDATION ISSUES 10

CARBON &COMBUSTION ISSUES 11

MAINTENANCE & CONSUMPTION ISSUES 12

CHARACTERISTICS OF V25

– 2/ THE FUEL LUBRICATING PROPERTIES

13

TYPICAL SPECIFICATION SHEET 14

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 15

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BRIEF INTRODUCTION

Aderco Inc. is a Canadian company specialized in the development and production of fuel additives of the latest technology.

Our experience covers more than 30 years into the heavy fuel treatment in the shipping and power plant industries.

More than 1000 world major sea-going vessels and dozens of strategic power plants use on a regular base our fuel additives worldwide.

THE FUEL TREATMENT CONCEPTS

The ADERCO V25 concept is the result of experience in solving HFO & MDO related problems in close co-operation and partnership with our industrial customers.

The ADERCO V25 is the latest generation of the fuel treatment available in the shipping and inland market. The product is a vegetal derivative, which is environmentally friendly and extremely concentrated.

It answers to three fundamental issues of the shipping & industry, Efficiency, Economy & Environment.

The operations can be monitored, evaluated and quantified throughout a systematic approach.

The full advantages of the benefits are achieved through a continuous use of ADERCO V25 fuel additive with engines running on diesel or gasoline.

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ADERCO V25 ADVANTAGES

PRODUCT VEGETAL DERIVATIVE- ASH LESS

– METAL FREE

√

ACTIONS WITH ONE PRODUCT BEFORE – DURING – AFTER

COMBUSTION

√

FIRST ADDITIVE EFFECT

ACTS AS A DETERGENT & HAS

ONLY A PHYSICAL EFFECT ON

THE HFO

√

SECOND ADDITIVE EFFECT

ACTS AS A FUEL LUBRICATING

AGENT AND IMPROVES POOR

LUBRICITY OF SOME FUELS

√

DOSAGE IN HSHFO & LSHFO INITIAL 1 LITRE 10 TONS √

DOSAGE PUMP NOT REQUIRED X

QUANTITY SRORED DUE TO ITS HIGH

CONCENTRATION LOW QUANTITY

TO BE STORED

√

STORAGE NON HAZARDOUS √

TRANSPORT NOT RESTRICTED (allowed by

airfreight)

√

HEALTH NON DANGEROUS √

ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY √

DELIVERY FLEXIBILITY & REACTIVITY √

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Characteristics of ADERCO V25

ADERCO V25 is a vegetal derivative and environmentally friendly detergent/dispersant

additive specially formulated to disperse asphaltenes, to homogenize the fuel, to improve atomisation and to give a better combustion.

ADERCO V25 also contains a molecule which will enhance the lubricating properties of

the fuel used.

Aderco V25 is totally free of metal.

1/ The surfactant properties

All liquids found in nature are classified as either polar or non-polar. Only liquids of the same nature can be blended satisfactorily and retain their consistency. Under normal circumstances a polar liquid cannot be blended with a non-polar liquid and remain homogeneous. If two liquids of different natures are blended, the mixture will tend to separate and stratify, as do water and fuel oil.

Figure 1: Graphic representation of a surfactant molecule.

Surfactants (figure 1) are molecules, which have both attributes, polar and non-polar, within the same structure. This characteristic of surfactants makes them ideal intermediary products acting to make mixtures of polar and non-polar liquids compatible.

Because of their polar/non-polar characteristics, surfactants do not disperse evenly throughout the mixture like salt in water. Instead, they seek out interfaces and/or discontinuities.

Surfactants also act very many like magnets, with north and south poles. Their orientation will be determined by the nature (either polar or non-polar) of the interface.

The surfactant film at the interface of two liquids of different natures will reduce the interfacial tension. This phenomenon allows for solutions to be created from two liquids of different natures.

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How does ADERCO V25 work?

ADERCO V25 is a special kind of soap specially formulated for solubility in petroleum

products. It works very much like normal soap. Figure 1 illustrates the action of soap and water on a plate soiled with table fat. In drawing 1, the water contains no soap. It will not accept the fat, since water is polar and fat is non-polar. Only liquids of the same nature can be mixed. In drawing 2, soap is added, forming a layer on the exposed fat surfaces. In a short time, as shown in drawing 3, the soap has lifted the fat from the plate and enveloped it completely. The soap's final action is to reduce the interfacial tension, as in drawing 4. Large fat droplets are broken down into very tiny ones dispersed throughout the water.

Figure 1: Soap acting on fat.

ADERCO V25 acts exactly the same way in fuel. It breaks down large agglomerations

and disperses the tiny particles finely throughout the mixture. Standard evaluation methods can illustrate this action.

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FUEL TANKS ISSUES

8

FILTERS ISSUES

9

WATER ISSUES

10

OXIDATION ISSUES

11

CARBON & COMBUSTION ISSUES

12

MAINTENANCE & CONSUMPTION ISSUES

13

2/ The fuel lubricating properties

It is currently recognised that the desulphurisation process of an industrial fuel like Marine Gas Oil (DMA) reduces the lubricating properties of the said fuel by modifying the molecular structure of the hydrocarbons. The lack of a sufficient grade of lubrication can lead to dire consequences, especially when high pressure fuel pumps and thin mechanical tolerance of moving parts are found on modern four stroke engines. Severe scratches and damage to the bores, leading to metal fatigue and ruptures can be observed. This level of fuel lubricating property can be tested with the norm ISO 12156-2006 using the HFRR test (High Frequency Reciprocating Rig). This lubricating issue must not be confounded with the viscosity of a fuel (measured in Centistokes – Cst) and the issue of a too low viscosity for a correct operation of mechanical parts.

Industrial tests with the molecule associated in ADERCO V25 have demonstrated that

this additive improves the grade of lubrication of any fuel and especially degraded fuels, solving therefore the issue of “dry” fuels. The risks of damaging highly stressed mechanical moving parts will be reduced and kept under control. The reduction of friction will also reduce the noise generated by the injection pumps and feeding pumps.

Metal surface damage due to high friction

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TYPICAL SPECIFICATIONS: ADERCO V25

TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance: VISCOUS LIQUID Color: BROWN Flash Point (ASTM D 93): 156 oC Pour Point (ASTM D 97): < -33 oC Specific Gravity: 0.91 g/ml Viscosity 20oC (ASTM D445): 539 Cst pH: 6.5 Solubility in: Petroleum products: SOLUBLE Water: INSOLUBLE

DESCRIPTION ADERCO V25 is a multi-functional additive especially formulated to: - homogenize the fuel - eliminate water - increase diesel fuel lubricity - optimize atomization - improve combustion - reduce smoke - maintain optimum performance - reduce diesel fuel consumption - minimize pollution

DOSAGE The normal dosage of Aderco V25 is 1 liter for 10,000 liters of fuel.

If required, the dosage can be raised up to 1 liter for 1,000 liters of fuel without problems.

BLENDING Simply add the required quantity of ADERCO V25 to the diesel tank before fuelling. The movements of the vehicle will be sufficient to adequately mix the additive.

FREIGHT CLASSIFICATION UN Number: N/A Not regulated for transport

SHIPPING Available in 200 liter non-returnable steel drums and in 20 liter plastic pails. Weight 200 lts 20 lts Net 182 kg 18.2 kg Gross 202 kg 19.4 kg

CUSTOMS CLASSIFICATION Harmonized Tariff System : 3811.90

HANDLING Normal precautions for handling petroleum products should be observed : - If skin contact does occur: wash affected areas with soap and water. - If eye contact does occur: immediately wash with copious amounts of clean water or an eyewash solution for at least 10 minutes.

STORAGE ADERCO Fuel Oil Treatments are chemically very stable and will remain in storage for prolonged periods under extreme temperature conditions without undergoing any chemical alteration.