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Using a Wiki to Promote Collaboration and Critical Thinking. Janine Lim, PhD blog.janinelim.com janine@andrew s.edu Skype: outonalim Twitter: outonalim. What is a wiki?. A quick way to make a website… others can edit if you choose . Hawaiian for “quick”. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Using a Wiki to Promote Collaboration and Critical ThinkingJanine Lim, [email protected]: outonalimTwitter: outonalim
What is a wiki?A quick way to make a website… others can edit if you choose.
Hawaiian for “quick”
Critical Thinking Through Online Collaboration
NSSE Taxonomy of Learning Memorizing facts, ideas, or methods Analyzing basic elements of an idea
or theory Synthesizing and organizing ideas Making judgments about value of
information Applying theories or concepts
Source: Lynn Merklin’s Feb. 27 General Faculty Assessment Presentation
Critical Thinking Through Online Collaboration
Source: http://uwf.edu/cutla/assessstudent.cfm
Learning Outcome Active VerbsAnalyze: Compare, Contrast, Calculate, Test, Analyze
Evaluate: Argue, Assess, Defend, Judge, Evaluate
Create/Synthesize: Construct, ComposeCreate, Design, Propose
Critical Thinking Through Online Collaboration
Collaboration is the process of two or more people collectively creating emergent, shared representations of a process and or outcome that reflects the input of the total body of contributors.
Elliott, M. A. (2007). Stigmergic collaboration: A theoretical framework for mass collaboration, from http://mark-elliott.net/blog/?page_id=24
Elliott, M. A. (2007). Stigmergic collaboration: A theoretical framework for mass collaboration, from http://mark-elliott.net/blog/?page_id=24
Critical Thinking and Collaboration
Collaboration is the process of two or more people collectively creating emergent, shared representations of a process and or outcome that reflects the input of the total body of contributors.
Learning Outcome Active VerbsAnalyze: Compare, Contrast, Calculate, Test, Analyze
Evaluate: Argue, Assess, Defend, Judge, Evaluate
Create/Synthesize: Construct, ComposeCreate, Design, Propose
Collectively create,
compose, construct
Assess, evaluate
, integrat
e
Compare,
analyze, integrat
e
Sample Wiki Uses Individual writing/creation collected in one
class space Manage group projects Collaboration with another class (another
institution or even internationally) Committees and other collaborative work
Program review Tracking work
Peer editing
Example: What If? Scenarios Learners review a situation and predict what
would be the outcome or consequences if one or more factors are changed. What if Hitler had not attacked the Soviet Union? What would happen if you added more heat to a
sealed container? Works best with two to four students. Decide if all groups work on the same scenario or
each group does a different scenario. Students must first identify the factors with an
impact on the current scenario before they can take the changed scenario.
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Example: Case Studies Case studies encourage students to evaluate the
strengths and limitations of a situation or problem, and to suggest alternative solutions and actions.
Key is to have an open-ended problem or question that has many different yet valid answers or solutions.
Explain clearly the guidelines students need to follow. Use an assessment rubric.
Wiki will need case material pages and case solution pages for each group.
Student will need space to research, analyze, and write the case solution.
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Example: Debate Debates allow
students to explore opposing sides of an issue.
Wiki needs space for the debate question, background information, and a structure for framing arguments.
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Example: Collaborative Research Paper Group research paper or presentation. The wiki
facilitates the group work and tracks input by each member.
Include a group planning page with research topic, group member roles, goals and outlines.
Research page to track research and highlight resources.
The paper/presentation page to hold the final product.
Best tools: GoogleDocs or Google Presentations.
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Example: Evaluation or Research Study A collaborative space can expedite the
review process and provide a robust environment for mentoring.
Organization: research topic, background and significance, method, instrument, resources such as cited sources, suggestions from mentors, etc.
Use the commenting option of the wiki for feedback.
Use the document history to review progress.
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Wiki Frames
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Collaborative Creation Tools Wikis:
www.wikispaces.com, www.pbworks.com, GoogleSites
GoogleDocs: word processing, spreadsheets, forms (data collection), drawing
Comparison of Asynchronous Communication ToolsWikis Blogs Threaded
Discussions
Collaborative authorship
Single author Multiple authors
Dynamic Static Static
Nonlinear and multipage construction
Linear construction
Threaded construction
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Preparation Tips Select a wiki service, choose a wiki URL,
and invite contributors Establish a purpose for the wiki project Define the wiki project’s learning goals Design a rich context and problem
(frame) Prepare students for the work Promote a collaborative process
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Framing the Assignment Goals and outcomes Guidelines for teams: group roles and ground
rules Team process pages (ice breakers, group
planning pages, profiles) Scaffolding: organizational headings, initial
content, questions to answer, structure Assessment: Rubrics (1st process check, 2nd
process check, project outcomes), self-assessments
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Managing the process Overcome fear and building trust Encourage prewriting: outlines, lists, non-
perfect examples of writing Provide informal feedback to groups Teach constructive editing Monitor workload division in groups (unique
wiki ability) Resolve or mediate conflicts Encourage reflection
Cautions and Guidelines FERPA / HIPPA or any other legally protected data
should never be stored in the cloud. Credit card numbers, financial identifying information,
identification numbers such as social security numbers, etc. should never be stored in the cloud.
Caution should be exercised when storing institutional and personal intellectual property in the cloud.
Realize that with any non-contracted free service, your data can disappear at any time, and can be visible to anyone that company decides to share it with.
Consult with School of Distance Education instructional technology team before using cloud services.
Wikis are much more than an online fad. Because wikis represent a combination of three stable concepts – collaboration, writing, and constant Web access – the wiki will remain a staple of the Web and will continue to evolve in it’s usefulness for online education and the workplace (p. 127).
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Bibliography Cole, M. (2009). Using wiki technology to support student engagement: Lessons
from the trenches. Computers and Education, 52(2009), 141-146. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2008.07.003
Elliott, M. A. (2007). Stigmergic collaboration: A theoretical framework for mass collaboration. http://mark-elliott.net/blog/?page_id=24
Engstrom, M., & Jewett, D. (2005). Collaborative learning the wiki way. TechTrends, 49(6), 12-15. doi: 10.1007/bf02763725
De Pedro, X., Rieradevall, M., Lopez, P., Sant, D., Pinol, J., Nunez, L., & Llobera, M. (2006). Writing documents collaboratively in higher education using traditional vs. wiki methodology (I): Qualitative results from a 2-year project study. Paper presented at the International Congress of University Teaching and Innovation, Barcelona.
West, J. A., & West, M. L. (2009). Using wikis for online collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Wheeler, S., Yeomans, P., & Wheeler, D. (2008). The good, the bad and the wiki: Evaluating student-generated content for collaborative learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 39(6), 987-995. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2007.00799.x
Xiao, Y., & Lucking, R. (2008). The impact of two types of peer assessment on students' performance and satisfaction within a Wiki environment. The Internet and Higher Education, 11(3-4), 186-193. doi: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2008.06.005
Visit my blog for direct links to articles: Lim, Janine. (2012). Using wikis for online collaboration. http://blog.janinelim.com/?p=4414