Use of GISUse of GIS

Monitoring California Monitoring California ResourcesResources

Data fusion, remote sensing and predicitions

Components of GISComponents of GIS

InputInput Computer Computer

hardware and hardware and softwaresoftware

Output Output subsystemsubsystem

http://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/physgeog/contents/2f.html

Main types of data entered into a Main types of data entered into a GIS GIS

Data Data elementselements of real world phenomena of real world phenomena and features that have some kind of and features that have some kind of spatial dimension. These are depicted spatial dimension. These are depicted mathematically in the GIS as either points, mathematically in the GIS as either points, lines, or polygons that are referenced lines, or polygons that are referenced geographically (or geographically (or geocodedgeocoded) to some type ) to some type of coordinate system. of coordinate system.

AttributesAttributes are pieces of data or are pieces of data or information that are related to the points, information that are related to the points, lines, or polygons mapped in the GIS. lines, or polygons mapped in the GIS. Attribute data can be analyzed to Attribute data can be analyzed to determine patterns of importance. determine patterns of importance.

Map with elements in placeMap with elements in place

Earthquake locations shown in blackEarthquake locations shown in black

Map elements are given attributesMap elements are given attributes

• Yellow points are shallow earthquakes (Yellow points are shallow earthquakes (<<25 km deep)25 km deep)• Red points are at intermediate depth (26-75 km deep)Red points are at intermediate depth (26-75 km deep)• Black points are deep earthquakes (76-660 km deep)Black points are deep earthquakes (76-660 km deep)

The output illustrated in this map merges data layers for The output illustrated in this map merges data layers for vegetation community type, glaciers and ice fields, and vegetation community type, glaciers and ice fields, and water bodies (streams, lakes, and ocean). water bodies (streams, lakes, and ocean).

http://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/physgeog/contents/2f.html

Advancing our Understanding using Advancing our Understanding using Sensors and Observations Sensors and Observations

• SimulationSimulation

• Analysis Analysis • VisualizatioVisualizationn

Remote Sensing: regional to global information Remote Sensing: regional to global information

Ongoing description of Ongoing description of atmospheric, oceanic, land atmospheric, oceanic, land surface characteristicssurface characteristics– TemperaturesTemperatures– Vegetation typesVegetation types– Surface biological activitySurface biological activity

Global and regional Global and regional examination of episodic examination of episodic phenomenaphenomena– Forest FiresForest Fires– Volcanic EruptionsVolcanic Eruptions– Large dust plumesLarge dust plumes– HurricanesHurricanes

Water and Climate ChangeWater and Climate Change

A warmer climate may lead to reductions in

the mountain snowpack.

GIS has many usesGIS has many uses

ReferencesReferences

LLNL data and mapsLLNL data and maps

Buckley, David J. (1998) Buckley, David J. (1998) The GIS PrimerThe GIS Primer. . http://www.innovativegis.com/basis/primerhttp://www.innovativegis.com/basis/primer/primer.html/primer.html (Internet based textbook)(Internet based textbook)

Pidwirny, Michael J.(1996-2003) Pidwirny, Michael J.(1996-2003) Fundamentals of Physical GeographyFundamentals of Physical Geography. . http://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/physgeog/conthttp://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/physgeog/contents/2f.htmlents/2f.html (Internet based textbook)(Internet based textbook)