US-India Civil Nuclear Relations ITRN 603 International Trade

Relations Kristin Isabelli

Slide 1

Overview/Legislation:

United States-India Nuclear Cooperation Approval and Nonproliferation Enhancement Act signed on September 28, 2008-First introduced by Former President Bush and Indian Prime Minister Singh in 2005.

Agreement: India agreed to separate military and civilian nuclear facilities and put civil nuclear facilities under International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguard measures. The U.S. agreed to work toward full civil nuclear cooperation.

International Atomic Energy Act (IAEA)-Accepted India’s safeguard measures-inspections. India is not a part of the IAEA

Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)-Granted a waiver to India to start civilian Nuclear Trade-India is not a member

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)-India is not a member Slide 2

Problems:

Critics say that it was too beneficial to India and lacks strong safeguard Measures-difficult to track if the nuclear matter is being used for civilian facilities or military. No way to determine if nuclear exports being used for civilian or military capabilities

India has also been reluctant to comply with the NSG in letting inspectors see their reactors.

The agreements safeguard Measures apply to material manufactured when the agreement was reached

India is not required to cap or limit its fissile material production nor is India restricted in the number of nuclear weapons they can produce

China’s growing relationship with India

The international precedent it sets for North Korea, Iran, Pakistan, Russia-the exception helping other countries proliferate? Slide 3

Proposal:

Examining President Obama’s response to a stronger US-India strategic and Civil Nuclear alliance-sanctions, safeguard measures, export controls and liabilities and re-evaluating the United States-India Nuclear Cooperation Approval and Nonproliferation Enhancement

Embrace cutting nuclear weapon arsenals and creating consistent legislation and agreements

Continual push for regional restraint in South Asia through endorsing India-Pakistan Peace Initiative

Strengthening the Non-Proliferation Treaty, the IAEA and NSG

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